高考英语二轮复习必考点之(状语从句)课件（90张ppt）

(共90张PPT)
Overview
of
adverbial
clauses
句
子
的
分
类
Adverbial
Clauses
Definition
An
adverbial
clause
is
a
dependent
clause
that
functions
as
an
adverb.
Compare
the
two
sentences:
Every
morning
he
sits
there.
Every
morning
he
sits
where
there
is
a
palm
tree.
Time
时间状语从句
Place
地点状语从句
Reason
原因状语从句
Condition
条件状语从句
Purpose
目的状语从句
Result
结果状语从句
Manner
方式状语从句
Concession
让步状语从句
Contrast
比较状语从句
Adverbial
Clause
Adverbial
Clauses
在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。
准确掌握每一个连接词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。
高考英语状语从句及连接词的应用
1.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Time
常用连接词：when/while/as,
since,
till
/until,
before,
once,
as
soon
as
特殊连接词：immediately/directly/instantly
the
moment/the
instant/the
minute,
by
the
time,
each
time/every
time
/whenever
no
sooner
…
than,
hardly
(scarcely)
…
when
从句一般用一般现在时表示将来，用现在完成
时表示将来完成时
1.
While
（当……时）Jenny
was
doing
the
washing
up,
Jane
was
watching
TV.
2.
The
train
had
left
by
the
time
（到……时）they
rushed
to
the
station.
1.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Time
3.
The
instant
（一……就……）I
saw
him,
I
knew
I
have
seen
him
before.
4.
Every
time
（每次）I
went
to
visit
him,
he
was
playing
computer
games.
5.
Each
time
（每当）we
met
with
difficulties,
they
came
to
our
help
6.
No
sooner
had
I
arrived
home
than
（刚…就…）it
began
to
rain.
1.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Time
2.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Place
常用连接词：where
特殊连接词：everywhere
anywhere
wherever
Put
the
key
where
you
can
find
it
later.
Everywhere
they
went,
they
were
kindly
received.
Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.
有志者事竟成。（谚语）
Wherever
there
is
smoke,
there
is
fire.
无风不起浪。（谚语）
3.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Reason
常用连接词：because
since
as
for
特殊连接词：that
in
that
now
(that)
seeing
that
considering
that
giving
that
for
the
reason
that
3.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Reason
1.
Since
/As
the
weather
is
so
bad,
we
have
to
delay
our
journey.
2.
He
is
absent
today,
because
for
he
is
ill.
3.
He
must
be
ill
for
he
is
absent
today.
3.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Reason
4.
I’m
happy
that
you’ve
told
the
truth.
5.
Some
people
say
man
differs
from
animals
in
that
we
have
the
ability
to
laugh.
6.
Considering
that
his
wife
has
just
had
a
bad
cold,
he
decided
to
go
to
the
party
alone.
4.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Condition
常用连接词:
if,
unless,
as
/
so
long
as
特殊连接词:
providing
/
provided
that,
supposing
that,
in
case
that,
on
condition
that,
given
that
If引导的条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两
种，虚拟条件句要用虚拟语气。
4.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Condition
1.
I
will
go
to
the
party
if
I
am
invited.
2.
I
won’t
go
to
the
party
unless
invited.
3.
We’ll
let
you
use
the
room
on
condition
that
you
keep
it
clean.
4.
You
will
certainly
succeed
so
long
as
you
keep
on
trying.
5.
Provided
that
there
is
no
opposition,
we
shall
hold
the
meeting
here.
5.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Purpose
常用连接词：so
that,
in
order
that
特殊连接词：lest,
in
case,
for
fear
that,
in
the
hope
that,
for
the
purpose
that
从句中的谓语动词常常用may,
might,
can,
could,
should等情态动词
1.
Speak
louder
so
that
everyone
can
hear
you.
5.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Purpose
2.
They
started
early
in
order
that
they
could
arrive
home
before
dinner
time.
3.
We
dare
not
play
jokes
on
him
lest
he
(should)
be
angry.
4.
We
stood
under
the
tree
quietly
for
fear
that
the
bird
(should)
fly
away.
表示目的的几种句型表达
He
got
up
early
to
catch
the
early
bus.
=
He
got
up
early
in
order
to
catch
the
early
bus.
=
He
got
up
early
so
as
to
catch
the
early
bus.
=
He
got
up
early
so
that
he
could
catch
the
early
bus.
=
He
got
up
early
in
order
that
he
could
catch
the
early
bus.
6.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Result
常用连接词:
so/such
…
that,
so
that
特殊连接词:
to
the
/such
a
degree
that,
to
the
extent
that
He
got
up
so
early
that
he
caught
the
first
bus.
It’s
such
a
good
chance
that
we
must
not
miss
it.
6.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Result
To
such
a
degree
was
he
excited
that
he
couldn’t
sleep
last
night.
His
humour
was
such
as
to
make
us
all
laugh.
=
He
was
so
humourous
as
to
make
us
all
alugh.
=
He
was
so
humourous
that
we
all
laugh.
7.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Manner
常用引导词：as,
as
if,
as
though
特殊引导词：
how,
the
way,
A
is
to
B
what
C
is
to
D
/
C
is
to
D
1.
You’d
better
take
things
as
they
are.
2.
When
in
Rome,
do
as
the
Roman
do.
3.
Food
is
to
men
is
what
oil
is
to
machine.
食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
7.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Manner
4.
Sometimes
we
teach
our
children
the
way
our
parents
have
taught
us.
在as
if或as
though引导的状语从句中多用过去时表示虚拟语气。
5.
He
looked
at
me
as
if
I
were
mad.
6.
He
acted
as
though
he
had
been
there
before.
8.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Concession
常用连接词:
though,
although,
even
if
even
though
特殊连接词：while(一般用于句首),
as(用于倒装结构)
whether
…
or,
wh-ever
=
no
matter
wh-
8.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Concession
1.
Though
he
is
young,
he
could
solve
the
problem
on
his
own.
=
Young
as
he
is,
he
could
solve
the
problem
on
his
own.
2.
Although
he
is
a
child,
he
could
solve
the
problem
on
his
own.
=
Child
as
he
is,
he
could
solve
the
problem
on
his
own.
9.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Contrast
常用连接词:
as
…
as…,
not
so/as
…
as
(同级比较),
than
(不同程度的比较)
特殊连接词:
the
+比较级,
the
+
比较级;
1.
The
little
girl
wants
to
be
as
clever
as
her
brother.
2.
He
doesn’t
work
so
hard
as
you
do.
9.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Contrast
3.
The
more
you
worry,
the
less
you’ll
succeed.
4.
She
did
worse
in
the
test
than
she
expected.
9.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Contrast
5.
这个房间是哪个房间的三倍大。
This
room
is
three
times
as
large
as
that
one.
This
room
is
three
times
larger
than
that
one.
This
room
is
three
times
the
size
of
that
one.
9.
Adverbial
Clause
of
Contrast
6.
今年的收入是去年的两倍。
The
income
of
this
year
is
twice
that
of
last
year.
The
income
of
this
year
is
twice
what
it
was
last
year.
.
考点一
高频连接词
when
/
while
/
as
when:
持续性／非持续性动词都可
1)
当……时候
Are
you
going
to
be
a
sailor
when
you
leave
school?
2)
正在……忽然
when
=at
this
time
/
at
that
time
sb.
was
doing
…
when
…
sb
was
about
to
do
/was
going
to
do
…
when
…
sb
has
just
done
…
when
3)
表示原因“既然”“考虑到”，相当于
since;
considering
that。
Why
do
you
want
a
new
job
when
you’ve
got
such
a
good
one
already?
while
While
I
was
walking
down
the
street,
I
came
across
an
old
friend.
(while=_______)
He
likes
pop
music,
while
I
am
fond
of
folk
music.
(while=__________)
While
I
really
don’t
like
art,
I
find
his
work
impressive.
(while=_______)
While
there
is
life
there
is
hope.
(while=_____________)
when
although
as
long
as
而
1.She
sang
as
she
worked.
一边……一边……
2.
Smart
as
he
is
,he
doesn’t
study
hard.
虽然，尽管
3.
You
must
try
to
do
as
I
did.
依照，按照
4.
As
she
was
late
for
class,
she
had
to
say
sorry.
因为
5.
You
will
grow
wiser
as
you
grow
olde
随着
before
It
will
be
half
a
year
before
I
come
back.
It
won’t
be
half
a
year
before
we
meet
again.
We
sailed
four
days
and
nights
before
we
saw
the
land.
We
hadn’t
run
a
mile
before
he
felt
tired.
肯定句
“
才”
否定句
“就”
it
will
be
+一段时间
before......多久之后才...
it
won’t
be
+一段时间
before......不久就....
since
before
when
that
It
is
+
时间+
易混淆句型
It’s
three
days
since
he
returned
home.
It
was
three
days
before
he
returned
home.
It
will
be
three
days
before
he
returned
home.?
It
was
three
days
later
that
he
returned
home.
It
was
three
o’clock
when
he
got
home.
It
was
at
three
o’clock
that
he
got
home.
where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别和联系
where：
引导定语从句时，相当于in
/
at
/
to
which;
where：
引导状语从句时，相当于in
/
at
/
to
the
place
where
…
Please
make
a
mark
in
the
place
where
you
have
a
question.
定语从句
Please
make
a
mark
where
you
have
a
question.
状语从句
unless
除非，如果不
相当于if
…
not
Most
birds
find
it
safe
to
sleep
in
the
trees,
but
______
they
have
eggs
or
young
chicks,
they
don’t
use
a
nest.
A.
why
B.
how
C.
unless
D.
where
because,
since,
as,
for
because:
直接原因，非推断。语气最强．
回答why
since:
显而易见的已知的原因，译为“既
然”，通常放句首。
as：
不谈自明的原因，语气最弱．
for:
附加、推断的原因，通常放放句中，引
导后半句表原因。
1.
—Why
are
you
late?
—
Because
my
car
broke
down
on
the
way.
2.
It
was
because
my
car
broke
down
on
the
way
that
I
was
late.
3.
It
must
have
rained,
for
the
ground
is
wet.
4.
I
didn’t
go
to
school
yesterday
because
I
was
ill.
5.
Since
everybody
is
here,
let’s
begin
our
meeting.
6.
As
you
are
in
poor
health,
you
should
not
stay
up
late.
so
/
such
…
that
…
so
+
adj.
/
adv.
+
that
…
so
+
adj.
+
a(n)
+
n.
+
that
…
such
+
a(n)
+
adj.
+
n.
+
that
…
such
+
adj.
+
n.
(UC)
/
n.(pl.)
+
that
+
…
He
is
such
a
good
teacher
that
we
all
respect
him.
=
He
is
so
good
a
teacher
that
we
all
respect
him.
=
So
good
a
teacher
is
he
that
we
all
respect
him.
=
Such
a
good
teacher
is
he
that
we
all
respect
him.
He
made
such
rapid
progress
that
the
teacher
praise
him.
He
made
so
much
progress
that
the
teacher
praise
him.
“一……就……
”的表达法
as
soon
as
hardly
/
scarcely
…
when
…
no
sooner
…
that
…
the
moment
/
minute
/
second
/
instant
immediately
/
instantly
/
directly
on
/
upon
+
n.
/
doing
他一到达车站汽车就发动了。
As
soon
as
(连词)
he
arrived
at
the
station,
the
bus
started.
=
Hardly
(连词)
had
he
arrived
at
the
station
when
the
bus
started.
=
No
sooner
(连词)
had
he
arrived
at
the
station
than
the
bus
started.
=
Immediately
(副词)
he
arrived
at
the
station,
the
bus
started.
=
The
moment
(名词)
had
he
arrived
at
the
station
when
the
bus
started.
=
Upon
/
On
(介词)
his
arrival
at
the
station,
the
bus
started.
until
/
till
均可用于肯定句，但until可用于句首，till
则不可。
肯定句：
She
slept
till
/
until
midnight.
Until
you
told
me,
I
had
heard
nothing
of
what
happened.
否定句：
She
didn’t
arrive
until
midnight.
He
didn’t
go
to
bed
until
he
finished
his
work.
=
Not
until
he
finished
his
work
did
he
go
to
bed.
(倒装句)
=
It
was
not
until
he
finished
his
homework
that
he
went
to
bed.
(强调句)
however,
whatever
however：后接adj.或adv.,
相当于no
matter
how
whatever：后接n.,
相当于no
matter
what。
However
difficult
it
may
be,
you
shouldn’t
give
up.
Whatever
difficulties
you
may
come
across,
you
shouldn’t
give
up.
However
many
difficulties
you
may
come
across,
you
shouldn’t
give
up.
You
can
dress
however
you
like.
You
can
wear
whatever
you
like.
区别几组词
1
as
long
as
和
as
far
as
as
long
as
=
so
long
as
只要
As
far
as
=
so
far
as
就……而言；到……程度
2
only
if
和
if
only
only
if
只要
If
only
要是……就好了
3
as
if
和even
if
as
if
似乎，好像
even
if
即使，纵然
4
despite
和
although
despite
(介词)虽然
although
(连词)虽然
5
with
和
as
with
(介词)随着
as
(连词)随着
.
考点二
状语从句中成分的省略
当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，从
句的主语可以省略。谓语则按下面几种情况
省略或变化：
“系表”结构省略be动词；
被动语态省略助动词be；
主动语态的动词则变为doing。
after,
before,
since后接being
done表示被动。
If
necessary
(如果有必要的话),
I’ll
explain
it
to
you
again.
Though
lacking
(lack)
money,
they
sent
their
children
to
school.
He
stopped
as
if
to
see
(see)
if
someone
followed
him.
状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:
①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；
②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。
从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。
When
(
the
museum
is
)
completed
,
the
museum
will
be
open
to
the
public
next
year
.
If
(it
is)
possible,
he
will
help
you
out
of
the
difficulty.
如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。
You
must
attend
the
meeting
unless
(it
is)
inconvenient
to
you.
除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这
次会议。
另外，比较状语从句经常省略。
I’m
taller
than
he
(is
tall
).
The
higher
the
temperature
(is),
the
greater
the
pressure
(is
).
【注意】：
当从句主语和主句主语不一致时，从句部分
要么用完全形式，要么用独立主格结构来表
达。
When
the
meeting
was
over,
all
the
people
went
out
of
the
meeting-room.
当会议结束时，人们都走出了会议室。
=The
meeting
over,
all
the
people
went
out
of
the
meeting-room.
.
考点三
时态一致性
在时间或条件状语从句中，当主句是将来时的
时候，从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表
示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来
完成时”。要注意时态一致。
They
are
going
to
have
a
picnic
if
it
doesn’t
rain
next
week.
As
soon
as
I
have
finished
this
work,
I
will
have
gone
home.
.
考点四
状语从句与倒装句
as引导让步状语从句时，通常从句要倒装
as表示“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句时，出
于强调的目的要倒装，即从句中的表语、谓语
动词或做状语的副词调至从句之首
a.
句首名词不能带任何冠词。
b.
句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
句型为：名词/形容词/过去分词
+
as
/
though
+主语
+
动词
+
主句
1.
Though
he
is
a
small
child,
he
knows
what
is
the
right
thing
to
do.
Child
as
he
is,
he
knows
what
is
the
right
thing
to
do.
2.
Though
he
worked
hard,
he
never
seemed
able
to
do
the
work
satisfactorily.
Hard
as
he
worked,
he
never
seemed
able
to
do
the
work
satisfactorily.
3.
Though
you
may
fail,
you
should
never
give
up.
Fail
as
you
may,
you
should
never
give
up.
4.
Though
it
was
raining
heavily
outside,
they
started
out
very
early.
Heavily
as
it
was
raining
outside,
they
started
out
very
early.
5.
______,
Carolina
couldn’t
get
the
door
open.
A.
Try
as
she
might
B.
As
she
might
try
C.
She
might
as
try
D.
Might
she
as
try
6.
______,
he
talks
a
lot
about
his
favorite
singers
after
class.
A.
A
quiet
student
as
he
may
be
B.
Quiet
student
as
he
may
be
C.
Be
a
quiet
student
as
he
may
D.
Quite
as
he
may
be
a
student
so
…,
such
…
引导的结果状语从句置于句首，会引起倒装。
1.
So
angry
was
he
that
he
yelled
at
me.
2.
Such
a
nice
day
was
it
that
we
picnicked
on
the
grass.
3.
So
difficult
______
it
to
work
out
the
problem
that
I
decided
to
asked
Tom
for
advice.
A.
I
did
find
B.
did
I
find
C.
I
have
found
D.
have
I
found
“only
+
状语从句”位于句首，主句用部分倒装语序，从句语序不变
Only
when
the
war
was
over
______
to
his
hometown.
A.
did
the
young
soldier
return
B.
the
young
soldier
returned.
C.
returned
the
young
soldier
D.
the
young
soldier
did
return
not
until
从句被提到句首时，主句用部分倒装语序，从句语序不变
Not
until
all
the
fish
died
in
the
river
______
how
serious
the
pollution
was.
A.
did
the
villagers
realize
B.
the
villagers
realized
C.
the
villagers
did
realize
D.
didn't
the
villagers
realize
表示“一……就……”的两个常见结构
“No
sooner
had
…
than
...”
“Hardly
/
Scarcely
had
…
when
...”.
—Did
Linda
see
the
traffic
accident?
—No,
no
sooner
______
than
it
happened.
A.
had
she
gone
B.
she
had
gone
C.
has
she
gone
D.
she
has
gone
.
考点五
注意区分不同从句
引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要
根据句子结构和句意来判别。
You
are
to
find
it
where
you
left
it.
地点状语从句
Tell
me
the
address
where
he
lives.
定语从句，句中有先行词
I
don’t
know
where
he
came
from.
宾语从句
Where
he
has
gone
is
not
known
yet.
主语从句
This
place
is
where
they
once
hid.
表语从句
.
考点六
并列句与状语从句
并列句的基本概念
并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
常见的并列句
1.
表递进关系：
用来表递进关系的并列连词有and,
not
only
…
but
also
…
，neither
…
nor
…,
not
…
but
…等。
2.
表选择关系：
常用的并列连词有or,
either
…
or
…
，otherwise等。
Either
you
are
right,
or
I
am.
3.
表转折对比关系：
常用的并列连词有but,
yet,
whereas,
while等。
The
car
is
old,
(and/but)
yet
it
is
in
good
condition.
=
The
car
is
old,
but
it
is
in
good
condition.
=
The
car
is
old.
However
(=
Nevertheless
=
Still),
it
is
in
good
condition.
but不与although连用，但yet,
still可与although连用。
4.
表因果关系：
常用的并列连词有so,
for。
The
shops
were
closed
so
I
didn't
get
any
milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
for常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些补充说明，常位于两个并列句中间，不可位于句首。
5.
用祈使句表示条件状语从句
1)
“祈使句
+
and
+
陈述句”
=
“if引导的肯定条件句
+
陈述句”。
2)
“祈使句
+
or/otherwise
+
陈述句”
=
“if引导的否定条件句
+
陈述句”。
Work
hard,
and
you’ll
get
good
grades.
(改为含有条件状语从句的复合句)
If
you
work
hard,
you’ll
get
good
grades.
1.
Unlike
watching
TV,
reading
is
a
highly
active
process
______
it
requires
attention
as
well
as
memory
and
imagination.
A.
until
B.
but
C.
unless
D.
for
2.
The
old
teacher
found
it
increasingly
difficult
to
read,
______
her
eyesight
was
beginning
to
fail.
A.
and
B.
for
C.
but
D.
or
3.
She
is
seriously
ill,
______
she
doesn’t
give
up
hope.
A.
though
B.
but
C.
still
D.
however
4.
Find
ways
to
praise
your
children
often,
______
you’ll
find
they
will
open
their
hearts
to
you.
A.
till　　　　
B.
or
C.
and
D.
but
1.
状语从句的种类
2.
状语从句中的六大考点：
高频连接词；
状语从句中成分的省略；
时态的一致性；
状语从句与倒装句；
注意区分不同从句；
并列句与状语从句。
1.
______
scientists
have
learned
a
lot
about
the
universe,
there
is
much
we
still
don't
know.
A.
Once
B.
Since
C.
Though
D.
Unless
2.
______
he
once
felt
like
giving
up,
he
now
has
the
determination
to
push
further
and
keep
on
going.
A.
Where
B.
As
C.
In
case
D.
Now
that
Test
yourself
3.
If
you
miss
this
chance,
it
may
be
years
____
you
get
another
one.
A.
As
B.
before
C.
since
D.
after
4.
_______
the
job
takes
a
significant
amount
of
time.
most
students
agree
that
the
experience
is
worth
it.
A.
If
only
B.
After
C.
Although
D.
In
case
5.
I
believe
you
will
have
a
wonderful
time
here
you
get
to
know
everyone
else.
A.
thought
B.
as
if
C.
once
D.
so
that
6.
a
single
world
can
change
the
meaning
of
a
sentence,
a
single
sentence
can
change
the
meaning
of
a
paragraph.
A.
Just
as
B.
Even
though
C.
Until
D.
Unless
7.
We
need
to
get
to
the
root
of
the
problem
______
we
can
solve
it.
A.
while
B.
after
C.
before
D.
as
8.
There
is
only
one
more
day
to
go____your
favorite
music
group
play
live.
A.
since
B.
until
C.
when
D.
before
9.
It
is
so
cold
that
you
can’t
go
outside
______
fully
covered
in
thick
clothes.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
once
D.
when
10.
______
the
students
came
from
different
countries,
they
got
along
quite
well
in
the
summer
camp.
A.
While
B.
Unless
C.
Since
D.
Until
11.
He
is
a
shy
man,
______
he
is
not
afraid
of
anything
or
anyone.
A.
so
B.
but
C.
or
D.
as
12.You
won’t
find
paper
cutting
difficult
______
you
keep
practicing
it.
A.
even
though
B.
as
long
as
C
.as
if
D.
ever
since
13.
______
the
damage
is
done,
it
will
take
many
years
for
the
farmland
to
recover.
A.
Until
B.
Unless
C.
Once
D.
Although
14.
Stand
over
there
______
you’ll
be
able
to
see
it
better.
A.
or
B.
and
C.
but
D.
while
Homework
Go
over
what
you
have
learned
today
by
reading
the
example
sentences.
2.
Finish
the
exercises
in
workbook.
Thank
you!