(共49张PPT)
Module
9
Population
外研·八年级上册
Unit
3
Language
in
use
Language
practice
Beijing
is
a
huge
city.
It
takes
an
hour
to
get
there
by
bus.
That’s
almost
one
fifth
of
the
world’s
population.
That
makes
over
131.4
million
births
a
year.
冠词和数词基数词的用法
1.冠词
(1)不用冠词的情况
①在专有名词或不可数名词前。
China
is
my
home
town.
②名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词
作定语。
There
are
many
apples
in
the
basket.
③在一日三餐、球类运动、棋类运动、
学科及季节、日期的名词前。
play
volleyball
打排球
learn
English
学英语
have
dinner
吃晚饭
④在某些固定短语中。
at
night
在晚上
(2)不定冠词
a/an
①
a
用在读音以辅音音素开头的名词前；
an
用在读音以元音音素开头的名词前。
a
boy
一个男孩
an
apple
一个苹果
②用于可数名词单数前，表示“一个”相当于one。
This
is
an
apple.
③用在可数的、单数形式的普通名词前，表示价
格、速度、时间、频率等度量上的“每一”。
I
watch
TV
once
a
week.
④首次提到某人或某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。
A
girl
wants
to
ask
for
some
help.
⑤用在序数词前表示“又一、再一”的意思。
I
want
to
have
a
second
one.
⑥用于固定短语中。
have
a
good
time
(3)定冠词
the
①用于谈话双方都清楚的名词前，表示特指。
I
had
to
go
to
the
shop
at
that
time.
②用于再次被提到的名词前。
I
have
a
cat.
The
cat
is
black.
③特指某人或某物。
The
boy
with
short
hair
is
my
cousin.
④用于形容词最高级或序数词前。
the
first
boy
⑤用于世界上独一无二的事物或乐器名词前。
the
sun
play
the
piano
[注意]
在某些词组中，名词前用冠词和不用冠词的意义有所不同。
in
class
在课堂上
in
the
class
在班里
in
hospital
生病住院
in
the
hospital
在医院里
in
front
of
在……（外部）的前面
in
the
front
of
在……（内部）的前面
2.数词基数词
(1)基数词从
1-12，写法都不同。
one,
eleven
(2)
13-19
都是以后缀
-teen
结尾。
thirteen
(3)十位数和个位数之间添加连字符。
21
twenty-one
(4)百位数与十位数之间要用
and
。
101
one
hundred
and
one
(5)千位数以上的数，从数字的右端向左端数
起，每三位数加一个“,”。
从右开始，第一个
“,”前的数字后添加
thousand
，第二个“,”
前的数字后添加
million
，第三个“,”前的数字
后添加
billion。然后一节一节分别表示，两个
逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。
2
,
427
,
155
,
256
读作:
two
billon,
four
hundred
and
twenty-seven
million,
one
hundred
and
fifty-five
thousand,
two
hundred
and
fifty-six
1
China
a)
4,437,000
2
the
USA
b)
22,956,000
3
Australia
c)
314,791,000
4
New
Zealand
d)
1,370,537,000
1
Work
in
pairs.
Match
the
countries
with
their
populations.
When
you
see
a
table
or
a
chart,
look
carefully
at
the
labels
and
graphs
to
make
sure
that
you
understand
what
they
are
showing.
Look
at
the
chart
below.
What
is
it
comparing?
What
can
you
conclude?
Learning
to
learn
2
Read
your
answers
to
Activity
1
to
the
whole
class.
China
has
a
population
of…
Now
listen
and
check.
3
Read
the
chart
and
answer
the
questions.
加尔各答
孟买
纽约
墨西哥城
东京
Population
(million)
13.1
18.7
16.4
26.6
17.8
23.6
18
24.6
34.4
38.7
1
Which
city
had
the
largest
population
in
2000?
2
Which
city’s
population
will
increase
the
most
from
2000
to
2025?
Tokyo
had
the
largest
population
in
2000.
Mumbai’s
population
will
increase
the
most
from
2000
to
2025.
3
Which
city
will
have
a
larger
increase
in
its
population,
New
York
or
Mexico
City?
Mexico
city.
4
Which
city
/
cities
do
you
think
will
have
the
biggest
population
problem?
Why?
I
think
Mumbai
will
have
the
biggest
population
problem
because
its
population
will
increase
the
fastest.
4
Complete
the
passage
with
a,
an
or
the
where
necessary.
Mina
is
(1)
____eighteen-year-old
girl.
She
has
got
(2)
____
brother
and
(3)
_____
sister.
Mina
is
(4)
___
oldest
child
in
(5)
____
family.
a
an
a
the
the
a
She
lives
in
(6)
____
very
big
city.
She
has
(7)
______
job
in
(8)
_____
hotel.
She
hopes
that
one
day
she
will
have
(9)
_____
chance
to
go
to
(10)
_____
college.
a
a
a
a
/
5
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words
in
the
box.
few
good
much
small
1
We
believe
the
schools
in
Arnwick
are
very
good,
and
we
are
working
to
make
them
even
_______.
better
2
Their
flat
is
too
large
for
two
people.
They
want
to
find
a
_______
one.
3
Anna
always
talks
about
her
ideas.
I
think
she
needs
to
listen
_______.
4
There
are
a
lot
of
parks
in
this
city.
I
think
there
are
_______
parks
in
a
lot
of
other
cities.
few
good
much
small
smaller
more
fewer
6
Complete
the
diagram
showing
population
problems.
Use
the
words
in
the
box
to
help
you.
air
city
countryside
hospital
increase
public
service
traffic
water
Problems
of
Arnwick
Problems:
Population
___________
People
arrive
in
_________
People
move
from
______________
the
city.
increases.
the
countryside.
Environmental
problems
Examples:
_____________________
_____________________
____________________
_____________________
the
air
the
water
the
traffic
the
rubbish
Health
problems
Example:
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
not
enough
hospitals
Problems
for
the
government
Examples:
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
Need
more
schools
and
buses.
Need
more
police
to
protect
people.
Need
better
public
services.
7
Complete
the
passage
with
the
words
in
the
box.
countryside
pollution
population
space
traffic
Our
world
is
facing
many
problems.
Two
of
the
biggest
are
increasing
population
and
pollution.
The
(1)
___________
of
the
world
is
increasing
quickly.
Why
is
this
happening?
Because
more
babies
are
born
every
year
and
people
also
live
longer.
Many
people
are
leaving
the
(2)
__________
to
work
in
the
cities,
but
there
is
not
enough
(3)
_________
for
so
many
people.
population
countryside
space
Another
huge
problem
for
the
world
is
(4)
__________.
There
is
so
much
(5)
________
on
the
roads
that
in
some
cities
the
air
is
heavily
polluted.
We
should
work
harder
to
protect
our
world.
pollution
traffic
8
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
expressions
in
the
box.
all
over
the
world
closed
down
it
takes
in
the
future
not…
any
more
1
Growing
population
is
a
problem
________________________.
all
over
the
world
2
The
population
of
China
may
grow
more
slowly
.
3
The
supermarket
when
a
bigger
one
opened
in
the
town.
4
Usually
an
hour
to
get
there
by
bus.
5
The
town
had
a
lot
of
population
in
the
past
but
it
is
a
problem
.
it
takes
not
any
more
in
the
future
closed
down
It
is
cheaper
to
share
a
car
than
to
have
a
personal
car.
b)
People
in
a
car
club
do
not
often
take
buses,
trains
or
the
underground.
c)
There
are
no
car
clubs
in
the
US.
d)
Joining
car
clubs
is
good
for
you
and
for
the
city.
9
Listen
and
choose
the
best
summary.
?
10
Listen
again
and
choose
the
correct
answer.
1
Joining
a
car
club
is
cheaper
/
more
expensive
than
having
a
personal
car.
2
People
in
car
clubs
pay
for
/
do
not
pay
for
a
car
when
they
drive.
3
People
in
car
clubs
sometimes
/
never
take
a
bus
or
ride
a
bike.
4
People
in
car
clubs
probably
are
/
are
not
healthier.
Tapescript
Joining
car
clubs
is
a
good
way
to
get
around
in
cities.
There
are
many
car
clubs
in
the
US.
You
can
use
a
car
when
you
want
to,
and
it’s
cheaper
than
having
a
personal
car.
You
only
pay
for
the
car
when
you
drive
it.
You
don’t
always
use
the
car
because
sometimes
you
can
take
a
bus,
or
walk
or
ride
a
bike.
This
is
healthier
for
the
city,
as
there
will
be
fewer
cars
on
the
road.
It
is
also
healthier
for
you.
Do
you
think
car
clubs
would
be
popular
in
China?
Why
/
Why
not?
In
my
opinion,
car
clubs…
11
Work
in
pairs
and
discuss
this
question.
World
population
and
water
With
more
and
more
people
in
the
world,
more
and
more
water
is
used.
In
fact,
water
use
is
growing
more
than
twice
as
fast
as
the
world’s
population!
As
a
result,
getting
good,
clean
water
is
becoming
a
problem
in
many
places.
A
lot
of
water
is
polluted
and
in
many
areas
people
have
to
walk
a
long
way
to
get
clean
for
daily
use.
More
than
3.4
million
people
die
each
year
from
drinking
and
washing
with
polluted
water.
So
let’s
do
everything
we
can
to
stop
the
pollution
and
save
water.
●
Choose
a
country
or
town
which
interests
you.
It
could
be
your
home
town.
●
Decide
the
points
of
time
you
want
to
look
at
—
for
example,
now,
ten
years
ago
and
ten
years
from
now.
●
Research
the
population
of
your
place
in
those
years.
Write
your
notes
carefully.
12
Work
in
groups.
Prepare
to
make
your
graph.
●Decide
how
you
want
to
make
your
graph.
●Draw
it
and
colour
it.
You
can
also
make
it
on
the
computer.
●Label
it
clearly.
13
Make
your
graph.
14
Write
a
paragraph
to
describe
your
graph.
15
Present
your
graph
to
the
class.
Homework
Possible
answer
In
the
graph,
we
can
see
how
the
population
in
the
town
changed
between
1900
and
2000.
We
can
see
the
population
going
up
the
vertical
line
and
the
years
going
across
the
horizontal
line.
The
graph
shows
the
population
increased
by
one
hundred
percent
from
two
and
a
half
million
to
five
million
in
one
hundred
years.
At
first
it
increased
very
slowly,
but
after
1945
it
increased
much
more
quickly.
From
1990
to
2000,
the
population
even
increased
by
one
million.
The
town
itself
also
grew
in
size
during
this
time.
