(共42张PPT)
Unit
3
Language
in
use
Module
12
Help
外研·八年级上册
—What
are
they
doing?
They
____
_______
the
building
quickly
when
the
ground
stops
shaking.
are
leaving
Lead-in
What
are
they
doing?
They
are
_______
_______
a
table.
hiding
under
What
is
he
doing?
He
is
________
______
from
the
sea
and
moving
quickly
to
higher
ground.
running
away
祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、
劝告、希望、禁止、建议、请求或命令等。
祈使句一般以动词原形开头，
无时态和数的变化。
常见的句型如下:
一、祈使句
暗含的主语是you，通常省略。否定句往往由do
not
(don’t)或never开头。祈使句的句首或句末有时加please,还可以加上称呼语，用逗号与句子主体隔开。
1.
动词原形构成的祈使句
Have
a
nice
day!
Don’t
waste
your
time!
Never
be
late
again!
Come
this
way,
please.
Please
be
quiet,
boys!
Make
sure
he’s
warm.
Don’t
use
the
lift.
例:
2.
Let’s
构成的祈使句
这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。
例:
a)
Let’s
spend
this
weekend
in
the
countryside.
b)
Let’s
take
a
taxi,
shall
we?
在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句，
它实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简洁有力。
例:
a)
Just
a
minute,
please!
b)
This
way,
please!
3.
无动词祈使句
情态动词can和could表示“能够，可以”等意义的用法。还可表示对现在或将来的推测，意为“会，可能”，但can表示推测时，往往用于否定句和疑问句。用于疑问句时，can比could表示的“可能性要大；用于否定句时，can’t表示“不可能”。
例:
You
can’t
be
serious!
二、情态动词must/can/could表示推测
could则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。
在以下例句中,can和could均表示可能:
a)
He
could
be
in
pain.
b)
That
could
be
harmful!
c)
Can/Could
this
be
true?
情态动词must也可以表示猜测,
意为“一定，准是”，通常只用于肯定句。
例:
Betty,
you
must
know.
—
Who
sent
the
present?
Can
it
be
your
brother?
(表示不可能)
对比下列一组句子:
(询问可能性)
—
It
must
be
your
brother.
I
saw
him
in
your
room
just
now.
(语气强烈，
表示非常肯定)
—
It
can’t
be
my
brother.
He
is
still
in
France.
Language
practice
That
______
be
harmful!
Betty,
you
______
know!
_____
_____
from
windows
and
heavy
furniture.
4.
______
______
_____
street
lights
or
under
power
lines.
Stay
away
must
could
Don’t
stand
near
1
1.
It
is
dangerous.
You
______
keep
out!
2.
These
stairs
are
not
safe.
You
________
use
them.
3.
The
rocks
are
falling
down.
You
______
get
hit.
4.
The
river
is
too
deep.
You
_________
swim
in
it.
5.
Betty
______
know
what
to
do
because
she
did
some
basic
medical
training.
must
mustn’t
could
mustn’t
must
Complete
the
sentences
with
could,
must
or
mustn’t.
2
Underline
the
correct
words
to
complete
the
first
aid
instructions.
1.
Get
/
Do
not
get
medical
help
immediately.
2.
Ask
/
Do
not
ask
them
where
the
pain
is.
3.
Lift
/
Do
not
lift
them
because
you
may
drop
them.
4.
Keep
/
Do
not
keep
them
warm.
3
Complete
the
poster
about
earthquakes
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words
and
expressions
in
the
box.
do
not
use
hide
under
keep
leave
stay
away
When
there
is
an
earthquake...
1.
____________
from
the
windows.
2.
____________
a
table.
3.
____________
the
lift.
4.
____________
the
building
quickly
when
the
ground
stops
shaking.
5.
____________
calm.
Stay
away
Hide
under
Do
not
use
Leave
Keep
4
Complete
the
conversation
with
the
words
and
expressions
in
the
box.
chance
Cover
in
pain
in
trouble
medical
Tony:
Daming
is
training
hard
for
the
big
match.
Lingling:
Yes,
the
team
has
a
good
(1)_______
this
year.
Tony:
Oh
no,
Daming’s
(2)___________.
He’s
down!
Lingling:
It
looks
like
he’s
(3)__________.
in
pain
chance
in
trouble
Tony:
Daming,
what
happened?
Daming:
It’s
my
leg.
Lingling:
(4)_______
him
with
my
coat.
Tony:
But
don’t
move
him.
Let’s
wait
for
someone
with
(5)_________
training.
Lingling:
OK.
medical
Cover
chance
Cover
in
pain
in
trouble
medical
5
Complete
the
news
report
with
the
correct
form
of
the
words
in
the
box.
clear
inside
power
rock
trouble
warn
Information
is
coming
in
that
there
could
be
(1)_______
because
of
heavy
rain
in
the
north.
The
government
is
(2)________
people
about
falling
(3)______.
Some
roads
have
a
lot
of
rocks
on
them,
but
people
are
trying
to
(4)______
them
quickly.
clear
trouble
warning
rocks
clear
inside
power
rock
trouble
warn
In
some
places
there
is
no
(5)________.
And
people
must
stay
(6)________
to
keep
away
from
falling
rocks.
inside
power
Now
read
the
report
again
and
check
(√)
the
true
sentences.
1.
There
are
problems
everywhere
because
of
rain.
The
government
is
warning
people
about
an
earthquake.
3.
Some
roads
in
the
mountains
have
a
lot
of
rocks
on
them.
4.
People
are
trying
to
clear
the
rocks
off
the
roads.
5.
There
is
no
problem
with
power.
×
√
×
√
×
6
Listen
and
complete
the
sentences.
1.
We
were
having
________
at
home
when
the
earthquake
happened.
2.
The
room
started
to
________.
3.
Father
shouted
to
everyone
to
get
under
the
_____________.
4.
We
could
not
get
out
of
the
room
because
the
______
would
not
open.
5.
My
father
called
for
help
on
his
_____________.
6.
People
came
to
help
us
and
we
left
our
_______.
dinner
shake
kitchen
table
door
mobile
phone
flat
We
were
having
dinner
at
home
when
the
earthquake
happened.
The
room
started
to
shake
and
before
we
knew
what
was
happening,
father
shouted
to
everyone
to
get
under
the
kitchen
table.
We
all
sat
on
the
floor
under
the
table
and
waited.
Tapescript
When
the
ground
stopped
shaking,
we
got
up
and
we
weren’t
hurt.
We
couldn’t
get
out
of
the
room,
because
the
door
wouldn’t
open.
My
father
called
for
help
on
his
mobile
phone,
and
in
three
hours,
people
came
to
help
us.
They
opened
the
door.
We
got
up
and
left
our
flat.
7
Read
the
passage
and
choose
the
correct
answer.
A
ten-year-old
girl
saved
about
one
hundred
other
tourists
in
2004
by
warning
them
that
a
tsunami,
a
huge
ocean
wave,
was
on
its
way
across
the
sea.
She
knew
what
was
happening
because
she
learnt
about
underwater
earthquakes
at
school
only
a
few
weeks
earlier,
a
newspaper
reported.
“I
was
on
the
beach
and
the
water
started
to
go
funny,”
Tilly
Smith
told
the
reporter
from
the
newspaper.
“There
were
bubbles（气泡）and
the
water
went
back
suddenly.
I
knew
there
was
going
to
be
a
tsunami（海啸）.
I
told
Mum,”
she
said.
Tilly’s
mother
and
the
hotel
workers
acted
quickly.
They
cleared
people
from
the
beach
just
minutes
before
a
huge
wave
reached
the
land.
Luckily,
no
one
died.
Tilly’s
teacher
was
very
proud
of
her.
“She’s
a
very
clever
girl...
It
is
very
lucky
that
our
class
were
learning
about
this
kind
of
tsunami
just
two
weeks
before
Christmas,”
he
told
the
newspaper.
1
What’s
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
a)
2004
Asian
tsunami.
b)
A
girl
saves
tourists
from
tsunami.
c)
Underwater
earthquakes.
2
What
did
Tilly
notice?
a)
Water
coming
to
the
beach.
b)
People
watching
the
water.
c)
Bubbles
in
the
water.
3
What
does
her
teacher
think
of
Tilly?
a)
She’s
lucky.
b)
She
does
not
do
silly
things.
c)
She
is
a
clever
student.
Special
buildings
in
Japan
Earthquakes
are
very
common
in
Japan.
Many
can
cause
a
lot
of
damage.
But
now
there
are
new
ways
of
constructing
buildings
to
make
them
safer
and
stronger
during
earthquakes.
The
Yokohama
Landmark
Tower
is
one
of
the
tallest
buildings
in
Japan.
It
is
heavy
and
strong.
It
sits
on
rollers.
This
means
the
earth
can
rise
and
fall
beneath
the
building
without
shaking
it.
Module
task:
8
Make
a
list
of
accidents
that
can
happen
at
school.
Making
a
poster
about
preventing
accidents
at
school
Accidents
How
Where
Hurting
hands/
knees/
legs
Running
fast/
Playing
football
Playground
Hitting
your
head
Climbing
a
tree
Garden
…
9
Work
in
groups.
Choose
an
accident
from
the
list
in
Activity
8
and
give
instructions
about
what
to
do.
cold
compress
hot
compress
cover
with
bandage
lift
it
up
highly
smear
liquid
medicine
For
not
serious
cuts,
wash
the
area
of
cut,
dry
it
and
cover
it
with
a
piece
of
clean
cloth.
For
serious
cuts,
never
pull
it
out
of
the
cut.
Go
to
the
hospital
immediately.
10
Make
a
poster
about
preventing
accidents
at
school
using
must/mustn’t.
You
must
stand
in
line
and
wait
for
your
turn
for
the
lunch.
You
mustn’t
play,
run,
climb
at
school.
present
your
poster
to
the
class.
11
Exercise
1.
—
My
brother
won
the
first
prize
in
speech
competition.
—
Congratulations!
You
______
be
excited
about
that!
A.
need
B.
must
C.
would
D.
can
一、选择题。
2.
The
lady
in
this
photo
_____
be
over
fifty!
She
looks
so
young!
A.
mustn’t
B.
must
C.
can’t
D.
can
3.
This
toy
Mickey
Mouse
______
be
Amy’s.
She’s
the
only
kid
at
the
picnic.
A.
must
B.
can
C.
need
D.
can’t
4.
—
You
______
be
excited
that
you’re
going
back
to
your
hometown
soon.
—
Yes,
I
can’t
wait
any
longer.
A.
shall
B.
can
C.
need
D.
must
5.
—
Someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.
Is
it
Ann?
—
It
________
be
her.
She
is
giving
a
performance
at
the
theatre
now.
A.
may
B.
must
C.
can’t
D.
mustn’t
1.
________
(look)
out!
A
car
is
coming.
2.
Be
________
(
care)
!
3.
Let
______
(he)
go.
4.
__________
(
not
talk)
and
_______
(read)
aloud.
5.
If
you
see
the
sign
“____
(no)
Parking”,
you
______
(
can
)
park
your
car.
二、用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
Look
careful
him
Don’t
talk
read
No
can’t
1.
Review
the
grammar
we
have
learned
in
this
module.
2.
Do
the
exercises.
