中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教版（Go
for
it）八下U8
Have
you
read
Treasure
Island
yet？知识点梳理
P57
1c
yet
yet为副词，多用于否定句和疑问句，通常放在句末。not
yet的意思是“尚未；还没有”，它常用于否定回答。
eg:
I
haven't
done
it
yet.我还没有做它呢。
—Have
you
read
the
new
book
that
you
bought
yesterday?
你已经读了你昨天买的新书了吗？
—Not
yet.还没有。在肯定句中要用already,变疑问句时要把already换为yet。eg:I
have
already
seen
the
film.
Have
you
seen
the
film
yet?
already
(1)
already
adv.已经,多用于肯定句中,一般放在实义动词前或助动词、be动词后。若位于句末表示强调。eg:The
train
has
already
left.
She
is
already
here.She’s
very
early.(2)
already也可用于疑问句,含有“惊奇”之意,可以置于句中,有时为了强调置于句末。
eg:
Has
your
son
gone
to
school
already
?
P58
2d
put
down
put
down
放下put
down
还意为“写下，记下”，=write
down，take
down。eg:
Let
me
put
down
your
telephone
number.让我记下你的电话号码。put
away
收起来
put
off
推迟put
on
穿上，增重
put
up
张贴
hurry
hurry
v.匆忙;赶快eg:He
is
hurrying
to
school.hurry
n.匆忙;仓促eg:You
make
mistakes
if
you
do
things
in
a
hurry
.
He
was
in
a
hurry
to
leave.hurry
up赶快；急忙（做某事）常单独使用，用于催促对方快点儿做某事。相当于come
on
或be
quick。(1)
hurry
off/away意为“匆匆离去”。eg:
Miss
Zhao
hurried
off
to
look
after
the
man.(2)
hurry
out意为“匆忙出去”。eg:
The
man
hurried
out
of
the
car
before
reporters
could
speak
to
him.(3)
in
a
hurry意为“匆忙地”。eg:
He
left
home
in
a
hurry
and
forgot
to
turn
off
the
light
this
morning.
due
The
book
report
is
due
in
two
weeks.读书报告两周后必须交。due
/dju?/
adj.预期；预定
due
通常只用作表语。
eg:
The
next
train
is
due
in
five
minutes.
be
due
to
do
sth.意为“预期做某事”eg:
The
meeting
is
due
to
start
at
3:30.
会议预定3:30开始。“in＋一段时间”表示“在……以后”，常用在一般将来时的句子中。对此提问用how
soon。eg:
We
will
be
back
in
an
hour.
我们一小时后回来。
P59
3a
lose
one's
life
lose
one's
life丧生lose
one's
life相当于动词die。life意为“性命”，属可数名词，在数上要与one's一致。
eg:
The
Greens
lost
their
lives
in
the
car
accident.
格林一家人在那次车祸中丧生了。①life泛指一般意义的“生活”时，为不可数名词。eg:
Our
life
is
getting
better
and
better.我们的生活变得越来越好。②life表示某种方式的“生活”时，常用单数形式。eg:
We
are
living
a
happy
life.我们过着幸福的生活。
else
else
/els/
adj.&adv.
另外(
的)，其他(的)else
常用在who,
whose,
what
等疑问代词及when,
where
等疑问副词之后；也放在以-one,
-body,
-thing,
-place,
-where
结尾的复合不定代词/
副词之后。eg:
This
book
must
be
somebody
else’s.这本书一定是别人的。
One...the
other...
One...the
other...
（两者中的）一个……另一个……eg:
I
have
two
brothers.
One
is
a
doctor,
and
the
other
is
a
teacher.
我有两个哥哥。一个是医生，另一个是教师。some...the
others用于三者或三者以上，意为“一些
……其余的……”eg:
Boys
are
on
the
playground.
Some
are
playing
basketball,
the
others
are
playing
football.
男孩们在操场上。一些正在打篮球，其余的正在踢足球。
towards
towards/t?'w?:dz/
prep.朝；向；对着eg:They’ll
leave
for
Xi’an
to
travel.
他们要去西安旅游。
When
will
you
come
to
our
school?
你将什么时候来我们学校？
She
was
walking
towards
the
town.
她正往镇上走去。
name
name(vt.)
“给......取名，给......命名”eg:
She
named
her
son
Tom.过去分词named
与后面的名词一起构成过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词。eg:
Do
you
know
a
boy
named
Lin
Tao.
P60
语法
现在完成时
(2)构成:“have
/has
+过去分词”。规则变化的过去分词与过去式的变化一样;不规则变化的过去分词见不规则动词表(136、137)。(3)句型:
肯定句:主语+have/has
+
done
+其他.
否定句:主语+have/has
+not
+
done
+其他.
一般疑问句:Have/Has
+主语
+done+其他?
回答:—Yes,…have/has.—No,…havn’t/
hasn’t.
特殊疑问句:疑问代词/副词+一般疑问句?
现在完成时用法
P60
语法
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
already与yet在现在完成时中的用法
already与yet在现在完成时中的用法already
通常用于肯定句中，一般用于have/has
后，实义动词前，偶尔放在句尾。yet
用于否定句和疑问句中，一般用在句末。在现在完成时态的句子中，含有already
的肯定句变为否定句或疑问句时，要把already
改为yet，并放于句末。eg:
I
have
already
finished
reading
the
book.我已经读完这本书了。→
I
haven’t
finished
reading
the
book
yet.我还未读完这本→
Have
you
finished
reading
the
book
yet?你读完这本书了吗？
P60
4a
is
leaving
is
leaving是现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,现在进行时表示将来的句子的谓语动词绝大多数是位移动词,这样的动词有:arrive,
come,
drive,
fly,
go,
leave,travel等。eg:I’m
going
home
tonight.
We’re
leaving
for
Changsha
tomorrow.leave,leave
for,leave…for…,leave
from(1)
leave意为“离开;出发;离去”,其后接表示地点的名词,构成“leave+地点名词”短语。eg:When
did
you
leave
London? (2)
leave
for后接地点名词表示“动身去某地”。eg:We
are
leaving
for
Rome
next
week.(3)
leave…for…表示“离开……去……”。eg:They
will
leave
Nanjing
for
Hangzhou
tomorrow.(4)
leave
from表示“从……离开”,from后的地点是离开的地方。eg:I’m
leaving
from
school.
P60
4b
can’t
wait
to
do
sth.
can’t
wait
to
do
sth.意为“迫不及待做某事”。eg:The
girl
can’t
wait
to
open
the
box.wait
for
sb.to
do
sth.“等待某人去做某事”;wait
for
sb./sth.“等待某人或某物”;wait
to
do
sth.“等着做某事”。eg:I’m
waiting
for
James
to
arrive.
I
bought
a
newspaper
and
waited
for
the
train.
He
is
waiting
to
see
the
boss.
P60
4b
can't
help
doing
sth
can't
help
doing
sth.
“情不自禁地做某事”。eg:
I
can’t
help
feeling
that
there
has
been
a
mistake.
我不由自主地觉得什么地方搞错了。
P62
2a
abroad
abroad
(adv.)在国外；到国外。不能与in，to,
at等介词连用，前面也不用冠词。同义词overseas（adv.）在海外at
home
and
abroad
在国内外
go
abroad
到国外
return
from
abroad
从国外回来
live
abroad
住在国外
make
sb.
do
sth.
make
sb.
do
sth.
使某人做某事make
意为“使变得；促使；迫使”，是使役动词，常见结构：make
sb.
do
sth.意为“使某人做某事”。eg:
The
news
made
my
father
feel
sad.
make
＋名词/代词＋形容词，意为“使……处于某种状态”。eg:
He
always
makes
us
happy.
他总是使我们快乐。make
作动词，还可意为“制订；做”。eg:
He
can
make
a
model
plane.他会做飞机模型。make的相关短语：make
money赚钱
make
the
bed铺床，整理床铺make
a
mistake犯错误
make
friends
with与……交朋友make
a
decision作出决定
make
sure确信
make
fun
of取笑
ever
since/ever
since
then
ever
since/ever
since
then意为“从那时起一直到现在”。是现在完成时的标志。eg:I
have
never
been
there
ever
since
then.since,for两者都可用于完成时的句子里,for后面的宾语是一段时间,而since跟过去某一时间点或表示过去的句子。
eg:I
have
been
teaching
for
twenty
years
in
this
school.
I’ve
been
skating
since
I
was
six
years
old.
He’s
lived
here
since
2016.
come
to
come
to相当于begin/get
to，后面跟动词原形，其后常跟的动词有：like,
understand,
realize,
see,
know等。eg:
I
came
to
understand
his
love.
我开始理解他的爱。come
to
do意为“来做（从事）某事”
。eg:
Excuse
me,
would
you
like
to
come
to
help
me
with
my
English?
打扰了，你愿意来帮助我学英语吗？
belong
belong
v.属于,归属,通常与介词
to
连用。belong
to意为“属于,是……成员”,表示属于某人、为某人之物,表示持续的过程,不可用于被动语态。“belong
to+sb.”相当于be
sb.’s
。eg:The
house
belongs
to
my
grandfather.
What
party
do
you
belong
to?
kind
kind作形容词意为“仁慈的,和蔼的,好的,友好的”be
kind
to
sb.“对某人友好、亲切”,=be
friendly
to
sb.。eg:My
uncle
is
a
kind
person.He’s
very
kind
to
others.
each
other
each
other
=one
another
彼此
introduce
introduce(v.)介绍，引见introduce
sb.
to
sb.
向某人介绍某人introduce
oneself
自我介绍introduce
oneself
to
sb.
向某人作自我介绍eg:
Permit
me
to
introduce
myself
to
you.
不规则动词变化表
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U8
Have
you
read
Treasure
Island
yet?知识点讲解
人教版八年级下册
yet为副词，多用于否定句和疑问句，通常放在句末。
not
yet的意思是“尚未；还没有”，它常用于否定回答。
eg:
I
haven't
done
it
yet.我还没有做它呢。
—Have
you
read
the
new
book
that
you
bought
yesterday?
你已经读了你昨天买的新书了吗？
—Not
yet.还没有。
在肯定句中要用already,变疑问句时要把already换为yet。
I
have
already
seen
the
film.
Have
you
seen
the
film
yet?
(1)
already
adv.已经,多用于肯定句中,一般放在实义动词前或助动词、be动词后。若位于句末表示强调。
eg:The
train
has
already
left.
She
is
already
here.She’s
very
early.
(2)
already也可用于疑问句,含有“惊奇”之意,可以置于句中,有时为了强调置于句末。
eg:
Has
your
son
gone
to
school
already
?
put
down
放下
put
down
还意为“写下，记下”，=write
down，take
down。
eg:
Let
me
put
down
your
telephone
number.
让我记下你的电话号码。
put
away
收起来
put
off
推迟
put
on
穿上，增重
put
up
张贴
hurry
v.匆忙;赶快
eg:He
is
hurrying
to
school.
hurry
n.匆忙;仓促
eg:You
make
mistakes
if
you
do
things
in
a
hurry
.
He
was
in
a
hurry
to
leave.
hurry
up赶快；急忙（做某事）常单独使用，用于催促对方快点儿做某事。相当于come
on
或be
quick。
(1)
hurry
off/away意为“匆匆离去”。
eg:
Miss
Zhao
hurried
off
to
look
after
the
man.
(2)
hurry
out意为“匆忙出去”。
eg:
The
man
hurried
out
of
the
car
before
reporters
could
speak
to
him.
(3)
in
a
hurry意为“匆忙地”。
eg:
He
left
home
in
a
hurry
and
forgot
to
turn
off
the
light
this
morning.
The
book
report
is
due
in
two
weeks.
读书报告两周后必须交。
due
/dju?/
adj.预期；预定
due
通常只用作表语。
eg:
The
next
train
is
due
in
five
minutes.
be
due
to
do
sth.意为“预期做某事”
eg:
The
meeting
is
due
to
start
at
3:30.
会议预定3:30开始。
“in＋一段时间”表示“在……以后”，常用在一般将来时的句子中。对此提问用how
soon。
eg:
We
will
be
back
in
an
hour.
我们一小时后回来。
lose
one's
life丧生
lose
one's
life相当于动词die。life意为“性命”，属可数名词，在数上要与one's一致。
eg:
The
Greens
lost
their
lives
in
the
car
accident.
格林一家人在那次车祸中丧生了。
①life泛指一般意义的“生活”时，为不可数名词。
eg:
Our
life
is
getting
better
and
better.
我们的生活变得越来越好。
②life表示某种方式的“生活”时，常用单数形式。
eg:
We
are
living
a
happy
life.
我们过着幸福的生活。
else
/els/
adj.&adv.
另外(
的)，其他(的)
else
常用在who,
whose,
what
等疑问代词及when,
where
等疑问副词之后；也放在以-one,
-body,
-thing,
-place,
-where
结尾的复合不定代词/
副词之后。
eg:
This
book
must
be
somebody
else’s.
这本书一定是别人的。
else
用在疑问词或不定代词之后，
也可后加’s构成所有格。
Where
else
did
she
go
and
who
else
did
she
see?
她还去了别的什么地方？还见了谁？
other
意为“其他的，另外的”，修饰名词，位于名词之前。
What
other
things
can
you
see
in
the
picture?
图片中你还能看到别的什么东西？
One...the
other...
（两者中的）一个……另一个……
eg:
I
have
two
brothers.
One
is
a
doctor,
and
the
other
is
a
teacher.
我有两个哥哥。一个是医生，另一个是教师。
some...the
others用于三者或三者以上，意为“一些
……其余的……”
eg:
Boys
are
on
the
playground.
Some
are
playing
basketball,
the
others
are
playing
football.
男孩们在操场上。一些正在打篮球，其余的正在踢足球。
towards/t?'w?:dz/
prep.朝；向；对着
eg:They’ll
leave
for
Xi’an
to
travel.
他们要去西安旅游。
When
will
you
come
to
our
school?
你将什么时候来我们学校？
She
was
walking
towards
the
town.
她正往镇上走去。
for
常用在leave,
start后，表示运动的方向或目的地。
to
置于go,
come,
return,
move等词后，表示目的地。
towards
意为“朝；向”，只说明运动方向，无“到达”之意。
name(vt.)
“给......取名，给......命名”
eg:
She
named
her
son
Tom.
过去分词named
与后面的名词一起构成过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词。
eg:
Do
you
know
a
boy
named
Lin
Tao.
现在完成时
(2)构成:“have
/has
+过去分词”。规则变化的过去分词与过去式的变化一样;不规则变化的过去分词见不规则动词表(136、137)。
(3)句型:
肯定句:主语+have/has
+
done
+其他.
否定句:主语+have/has
+not
+
done
+其他.
一般疑问句:Have/Has
+主语
+done+其他?
回答:—Yes,…have/has.—No,…havn’t/
hasn’t.
特殊疑问句:疑问代词/副词+一般疑问句?
现在完成时
现在完成时
already与yet在现在完成时中的用法
already
通常用于肯定句中，一般用于have/has
后，实义动词前，偶尔放在句尾。yet
用于否定句和疑问句中，一般用在句末。
在现在完成时态的句子中，含有already
的肯定句变为否定句或疑问句时，要把already
改为yet，并放于句末。
eg:
I
have
already
finished
reading
the
book.我已经读完这本书了。→
I
haven’t
finished
reading
the
book
yet.我还未读完这本
→
Have
you
finished
reading
the
book
yet?你读完这本书了吗？
is
leaving是现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,现在进行时表示将来的句子的谓语动词绝大多数是位移动词,这样的动词有:
arrive,
come,
drive,
fly,
go,
leave,travel等。
eg:I’m
going
home
tonight.
We’re
leaving
for
Changsha
tomorrow.
leave,leave
for,leave…for…,leave
from
(1)
leave意为“离开;出发;离去”,其后接表示地点的名词,构成“leave+地点名词”短语。
When
did
you
leave
London?
(2)
leave
for后接地点名词表示“动身去某地”。
We
are
leaving
for
Rome
next
week.
(3)
leave…for…表示“离开……去……”。
They
will
leave
Nanjing
for
Hangzhou
tomorrow.
(4)
leave
from表示“从……离开”,from后的地点是离开的地方。
I’m
leaving
from
school.
can’t
wait
to
do
sth.意为“迫不及待做某事”。
eg:The
girl
can’t
wait
to
open
the
box.
wait
for
sb.to
do
sth.“等待某人去做某事”;
wait
for
sb./sth.“等待某人或某物”;
wait
to
do
sth.“等着做某事”。
eg:I’m
waiting
for
James
to
arrive.
I
bought
a
newspaper
and
waited
for
the
train.
He
is
waiting
to
see
the
boss.
can't
help
doing
sth.
“情不自禁地做某事”。
eg:
I
can’t
help
feeling
that
there
has
been
a
mistake.
我不由自主地觉得什么地方搞错了。
abroad
(adv.)在国外；到国外。不能与in，to,
at等介词连用，前面也不用冠词。同义词overseas（adv.）在海外
at
home
and
abroad
在国内外
go
abroad
到国外
return
from
abroad
从国外回来
live
abroad
住在国外
make
sb.
do
sth.
使某人做某事
make
意为“使变得；促使；迫使”，是使役动词，常见结构：
make
sb.
do
sth.意为“使某人做某事”。
eg:
The
news
made
my
father
feel
sad.
make
＋名词/代词＋形容词，意为“使……处于某种状态”。
eg:
He
always
makes
us
happy.
他总是使我们快乐。
make
作动词，还可意为“制订；做”。
eg:
He
can
make
a
model
plane.他会做飞机模型。
make的相关短语：
make
money赚钱
make
the
bed铺床，整理床铺
make
a
mistake犯错误
make
friends
with与……交朋友
make
a
decision作出决定 make
sure确信
make
fun
of取笑……
ever
since/ever
since
then意为“从那时起一直到现在”。是现在完成时的标志。
eg:I
have
never
been
there
ever
since
then.
since,for两者都可用于完成时的句子里,
for后面的宾语是一段时间,而since跟过去某一时间点或表示过去的句子。
eg:I
have
been
teaching
for
twenty
years
in
this
school.
I’ve
been
skating
since
I
was
six
years
old.
He’s
lived
here
since
2016.
come
to相当于begin/get
to，后面跟动词原形，其后常跟的动词有：like,
understand,
realize,
see,
know等。
eg:
I
came
to
understand
his
love.
我开始理解他的爱。
come
to
do意为“来做（从事）某事”
。
eg:
Excuse
me,
would
you
like
to
come
to
help
me
with
my
English?
打扰了，你愿意来帮助我学英语吗？
belong
v.属于,归属,通常与介词
to
连用。belong
to意为“属于,是……成员”,表示属于某人、为某人之物,表示持续的过程,不可用于被动语态。“belong
to+sb.”相当于be
sb.’s
。
eg:The
house
belongs
to
my
grandfather.
What
party
do
you
belong
to?
kind作形容词意为“仁慈的,和蔼的,好的,友好的”
be
kind
to
sb.“对某人友好、亲切”,=be
friendly
to
sb.。
eg:My
uncle
is
a
kind
person.He’s
very
kind
to
others.
each
other
=one
another
彼此
introduce(v.)介绍，引见
introduce
sb.
to
sb.
向某人介绍某人
introduce
oneself
自我介绍
introduce
oneself
to
sb.
向某人作自我介绍
eg:
Permit
me
to
introduce
myself
to
you.
谢谢
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