外研社必修三module 3 the violence of nature学案

Module 3 The Violence of Nature
课标定位·高效导学
类别 课程标准要求掌握的项目
重点单词 flood n.洪水vt./vi.淹没，使泛滥experience n.经验，经历；v.经历，体验cause n.原因，起因；vt.促使，引起，导致current adj.当前的，现时的；n.海流，潮流furniture n.家具(总称)bury vt.埋葬occur vi.发生tropical adj.热带的rotating adj.旋转的violent adj.暴力的;激烈的wave n.(热、光、声等的)波，波浪；vt./vi.挥手，挥动 strike n.罢工，袭击；vt.击打，敲ruin vt.毁坏；n.毁灭，废墟，遗迹erupt vi.（火山的）爆发，喷发tidal adj.潮汐的，有涨落的previous adj.以前的，早先的possibility n.可能性terrifying adj.可怕的，吓人的luckily adv.幸运地thankfully adv.感谢地，感激地hopefully adv.有希望地，满怀希望地sadly adv.伤心地，痛心地fortunately ad.幸运地worldwide adj.全世界的active adj.积极的，主动的，活跃的damage n./v.损害，破坏
重点短语 for example 例如，举例be related to与……相关refer to参考，涉及on the same latitude在同一纬度of all time有史以来pick up拾起；<偶然>学到；接送put down镇压；写下；放下；贬低turn off 关闭<电灯、电视等>on the 8th September 1900on average 一般说来，平均起来end up 以……而结束drive back to one’s home /drive back home 驱车回家come out 出版；宣称；结果是；开花，出现 set fire to=set sth. on fire放火烧……catch fire开始燃烧，着火manage to do sth.设法完成某事put out熄灭；出版，播出；伸出<手、脚>take place举行，发生return to one’s home /return home /go back to one’s home /go back home 回家according to依据，按照make a list of列出……的清单fall down跌倒，摔倒；<墙、建筑物>倒塌turn over移交；翻过<书页、纸张等>come down下来；<价格、水平等>降低act out表演出来；<想法、情感>表现出来from side to side从一边到另一边make a presentation of/on对……做陈述
功能交际 Is it possible that there could be another earthquake there They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.
语法 The past perfect passiveBy the time the tornado ended, more than 700 people had been killed. Indirect speech“I’m still working because there is a lot to do.”→He said that he was still working becausethere was a lot to do.
Section Ⅰ Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary ＆ Function
知识整合·能力聚焦
考点搜索1：happen的用法
【例1】This is the best thing that has ever __________ me.
A. happened to B. took place C. occurred D. cared about
解析：考查动词辨析：happen to sb./sth.事情发生在……身上；临到……头上；take place（尤指经过计划或安排后）发生，举行；occur发生（正式用语，既可以指“突发性”，又可指“计划性”的发生）；come about 发生，产生（尤指不受控制地发生，常与how连用）；选项B、C、D均为不及物动词，其后不可接宾语。选项A，happen也为不及物动词，其后接宾语时，要借助介词to。
答案：A
名师点金：happen的用法
⑴happen （尤指意外）发生；
①happen to do sth.碰巧，凑巧做某事；
I happened to meet an old friend in Wuhan when I was on business last month.
上个月，当我出差去武汉的时候，我碰巧遇到了一位老朋友。
②happen to sb./sth.事情发生在……身上；临到……头上；
A funny thing happened to me on my way home last night. 昨晚我在回家的路上遇到一件好笑的事。
③It happens that +从句，凑巧的是……；
It happens that on that very day I will attend a very important sales meeting.
恰巧就在这一天我会参加一个非常重要的销售会议。
⑵take place （尤指经过计划或安排后）发生，举行；
The 16th Guangzhou Asian Games took place on November 12, 2010 while the 41st Shanghai World Expo was held on May 1st, 2010.
第16届广州亚运会在2010年11月12日举行，而第41届上海世博会在2010年5月1日举行。
What has taken place here？ 这里发生什么事了？
⑶come about 发生，产生（尤指不受控制地发生，常与how连用）
It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how it came about that she was two hours late on such a short trip.已经十点钟了。我想知道，这么短的路程，她迟到了两个小时，怎么会发生这样的事呢？
⑷occur
①发生（正式用语，既可以指“突发性”，又可指“计划性”的发生）；
②it occurs to sb. that （主意或想法突然）浮现于脑中；
It didn’t occur to him that Mary would refuse his invitation.
他没有想到玛丽会拒绝他的邀请。
③it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人突然想起做某事；
I think it never occurs you to phone the police. 我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧。
⑸break out （不愉快之事）爆发，突然发生；
Tom got married to Jane before the war broke out.
汤姆和简在战争爆发前就结婚了。
注意：以上表示“发生”的词汇，均无被动语态；
原文对照：What can happen to furniture when a house is destroyed by a tornado
考点搜索2：pick up的用法
【例2】(2010山东)Sam ______ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A. brought up B. looked up
C. picked up D. set up
解析：本题目考查动词短语辨析：bring up抚养；look up查询，仰望；pick up<偶然>学到，接送，拾起，好转，接收；set up建立，创立<公司、机构等>；竖起<标志牌、塑像等>；句意：萨姆只是通过观看别人操作电脑便学到了一些电脑知识。依据句意理解，则只有pick up符合题意。
答案：C
名师点金：pick up的用法
⑴捡起，拾起
Please pick those toys up and put them away. 请把那些玩具捡起来收好。
The phone rang and I picked it up. 电话铃响了，我接起了电话。
⑵<偶然、无意间>学会<技能、语言等>
Where did you pick up your fluent English？你一口流利的英语是从哪里学会的？
⑶接<某人>，取<某物>
I’ll pick you up at the gate of the hotel tomorrow morning.
明天早晨我在宾馆门口接你。
⑷<生意、社交生活等>改进<提高、好转>
The economy picked up slightly towards the end of the year. 将近年末的时候，经济情况有了些许好转。
⑸收听<新闻>，记录
I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.
我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播。
⑹停下来让<某人>搭车<船>等
They were picked up by a little car.
他们被一辆小汽车接走了。
⑺常见与up相关的短语汇总：
①add up把……加起来 ②break up分解，破裂，解散
③bring up养育，抚养；提出<议题> ④cut up切碎，割碎
⑤cheer up<使>高兴起来，<振作起来> ⑥call up打电话；使回想起
⑦dress up装扮，打扮；对……加以修饰，美化 ⑧hang up挂断电话，挂起
⑨get up起床，站起来 ⑩hold up支撑；耽搁，推迟；
stay up熬夜，不睡觉； put up建造；张贴；提供膳宿；
give up放弃，腾出<时间>；自首，投降 tear up撕碎，撕毁
turn up调大；露面，出现；卷起，竖起<衣领> use up用完，耗尽
原文对照：Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street-or even in the next town.
考点搜索3：take off的用法
【例3】Her business has really ___________ because of her hard working.
A. taken off B. cut off C. put off D.got off
解析：考查动词短语辨析：take off起飞，成功，脱下；cut off切断，使隔绝；put off推迟，拖延；get off下车；句意：由于她的努力付出，她的生意很快发展起来了。依据句意理解，只有A选项符合题意。
答案：A
名师点金：take off的用法
⑴脱下（衣物等），去掉（某物）
His safe arrival took a weight off my mind.
他的安全到达，让我放心了。
⑵起飞
Flight 1123 to London will take off in five minutes. ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\Youdao\\Dict\\resultui\\queryresult.html" \o "点击发音 )
往伦敦的1123次班机将于五分钟后起飞。
⑶休假
She’s taking Monday off to buy some presents for his son’s birthday.
她周一请假，去给儿子买一些生日礼物。
⑷成功
I hear Gaudi’s business is really taking off.
我听说高迪的生意真的开始兴隆起来了。
原文对照：They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.
考点搜索4：manage的用法
【例4】Your house is always so neat-how do you ______ it with three children (2010山东)
A. manage B. serve
C. adapt D. construct
解析：考查动词辨析：manage意为“成功做某事”，相当于succeed in doing sth.；serve服务；adapt适应，改写；construct建设；句意：你的房子总是这么整洁—有三个孩子，你是怎样做到这一点的？依据句意理解，选项A符合题意。
答案：A
名师点金：manage的用法
⑴manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth.成功做某事；设法完成某事
How did you manage to raise such a big family on such small income
你是如何设法用这么少的收入养活这么一个大家庭的。
⑵I can manage it myself. 我自己可以应付得来。
-Could I help you carry the heavy box
-No, thanks. I can manage it myself.
--我可以帮你搬这个重箱子吗？
--不，谢谢您。我自己可以应付得来。
⑶try/manage比较：
①try to do sth. 尽力做某事
②manage to do sth.尽力做某事（暗含成功做某事之意）
③try doing sth.尝试着做某事
Just try to stay calm whatever happens.不管发生什么事，你要尽力保持镇静。
She tried talking about the matter with Steve, but couldn’t make him change his mind. 她试着和史蒂夫谈这件事，但无法让他改变主意。
原文对照：We managed to get half the population to another island.
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
Many houses were washed away by the _____________.
She _____________ (经受) great hardships in those days.
What_____________ (导致) him to change his mind
He bought all the books that were r_____________ to space technology.
The _____________ (羽毛) of that kind of bird look very beautiful.
The storm was a very _____________(猛烈的) one.
They almost had no money to buy _____________ (家具) when they got married.
He was a bit i_____________ in his pride when he heard the words.
The man died and was b_____________ at sea.
My new school is much bigger than my p_____________ one.
Ⅱ.短语翻译
be related to ___________________________
refer to ___________________________
on the same latitude ___________________________
of all time ___________________________
pick up ___________________________
put down ___________________________
on the 8th September 1900 ___________________________
on average ___________________________
end up ___________________________
set fire to=set sth. on fire ___________________________
设法完成某事 ___________________________
熄灭；出版，播出；伸出<手、脚> ___________________________
举行，发生 ___________________________
依据，按照 ___________________________
列出……的清单 ___________________________
跌倒，摔倒；<墙、建筑物>倒塌 ___________________________
移交；翻过<书页、纸张等> ___________________________
下来；<价格、水平等>降低 ___________________________
表演出来；<想法、情感>表现出来 ___________________________
对……做陈述 ___________________________
Ⅲ.单项选择
31. Strong ________ can be very dangerous for swimmers.
A. flows B. columns C. floods D. currents
32. -I was amazed to find that you are an excellent cook.
- I have experience________ cooking at an Italian restaurant.
A. of B. in C. at D. on
33. Tom failed again in the exam, ________ made his parents very disappointed.
A. it B. which C. that D. he
34. I________ to be out when you called me this morning.
A. seemed B. appeared C. happened D. thought
35. I ________ a few words of Greek when I was there last year.
A. picked up B. ended up C. poured down D. came down
36. A lot of________ passengers were sent to hospital immediately when the rescue team arrived.
A. destroyed B. injured C. wounded D. damaged
37. The drug did not________ his health. In fact, it seemed to have no________ at all.
A. effect; effect B. effect; affect C. affect; effect D. affect; affect
38. Hearing the news, he ran out of the room in a hurry, ________ the door________.
A. to leave; opening B. left; opened C. leaving; opened D.leaving; open
39. The patient was warned________ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating
40. The fire was finally________ after the building had________ for two hours.
A. put off; caught fire B. put away; been on fire
C. put out; been on fire D. put down; caught fire
Ⅳ.选词填空
refer to pick up take off on average
end up with set fire to manage put out
41. If you met the new words in the reading, you can _________________ the dictionary.
42. The plane_________________ from the airport and headed northwards Shen Zheng.
43. Rioters（暴乱分子）_________________ a whole row of stores.
44. While working in the countryside, the students_________________ a great deal of knowledge on plant life.
45. Four hundred people a year die of this disease _________________.
46. When the fireman arrived, the fire had been _________________.
47. Do you think you can _________________to get us some tickets
48. At the dinner, we started with soup and _________________ fruit.
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.根据汉语意思完成句子
我们同意永不提及这件事。（refer to）
_______________________________________________________________________________
我丈夫将开车去接你。（pick up）
_______________________________________________________________________________
他平均每周大约赚五百元。（on average）
_______________________________________________________________________________
昨天晚上到我回家时，我儿子已经睡着了。（by the time）
_______________________________________________________________________________
据说那起车祸是在深夜发生的。（occur）
_______________________________________________________________________________
棉花容易着火。（catch fire）
_______________________________________________________________________________
每小时200公里的风和五米高的浪袭击了这个城市。
_______________________________________________________________________________
他本周有可能到北京去吗？ (possibility)
_______________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.单句改错
9. What happened him _____________
10. Traveling can be a way to gain life experiences, especially during Spring Break-a week long school vacation in the United States. _____________
11. Rooms with few furnitures appear clean and bright. _____________
12. In average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about deaths and 1500 injuries. _____________
13. The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, affected three US states. _____________
14. Have you seen the 10 metres high waves when at the sea _____________
15. Eight years late, when the canal was completed, it became America's first national waterway. _____________
Ⅲ.完形填空
A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply-all these were important 16 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 17 they were not enough. Something 18 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special" was men- 19 individuals who could invent machines, find new 20 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.
The men who 21 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 22 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 23 inventors than scientists. A man who is a 24 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 25 .He is not necessarily working 26 that his findings can be used.
An inventor or one interested in applied science is 27 trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may try to solve a problem by 28 the theories 29 science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 30 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 31 other objectives.
Most of the people who 32 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 33 or no training in science might not have made their inventions 34 a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years 35 .
16.A.cases B .reasons C .factors D .situations
17.A.But B .And C .Besides D .Even
18.A.else B .near C .extra D .similar
19.A.generating B .effective C .motivating D .creative
20.A.origins B .sources C .bases D .discoveries
21.A.employed B .created C .operated D .controlled
22.A.came B .arrived C .stemmed D .appeared
23.A.less B .better C. more D .worse
24.A.genuine B .practical C .pure D .clever
25.A.happily B .occasionally C. reluctantly D .accurately
26.A.now B .and C .all D .so
27.A.seldom B .sometimes C .all D .never
28.A.planning B .using C .idea D .means
29.A.of B .with C .to D .as
30.A.single B .sole C. specialized D .specific
31.A.few B .those C .many D .all
32.A.proposed B .developed C .supplied D .offered
33.A.little B .much C .some D .any
34.A.as B .if C .because D .while
35.A.ago B .past C .ahead D .before
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
The largest earthquake of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile.
It generated one of the most destructive Pacific-wide tsunamis. Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concepcion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe-the coastal area closest to the epicenter. Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland.
There was large damage and loss of life at Concepcion, Chile's top industrial city. Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people. At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed. A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed-one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless.
Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated to be over a half billion dollars. The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 490 to 5,7002 with no distinction(差别) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.
36. Where did the largest tsunami damage occur
A. Concepcion B. Isla Chiloe C. Valdivia D. Valparaiso
37. What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake
A. The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.
B. The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all boats.
C. The tsunami waves were very destructive.
D. The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.
38. What is generally thought the main cause of deaths in Chile
A. landslides B. the tsunami C. aftershocks D. the magnitude 9.5 earthquake
39. What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake
A. 2,000,000 B. between 490 to 5,7002
C. 200,000 D. it was hard to know.
40. What does the underlined word “collapsed” probably mean
A. was destroyed B. caught fire
C. was flooded D. sank
B
Beijing -The Ministry of Agriculture assured on Friday of a good harvest for the whole year despite a drop in the summer grain output due to severe floods and droughts in the south and southwest of the country.
The output of grain harvested this summer fell for the first time in seven years, hitting 123.1 million tons, which is 390,000 tons less than last year, according to the latest information from the National Bureau of Statistics.
However, winter wheat, which accounts for more than 90 percent of the country's total wheat output, hit 108.8 million tons this year, about 1 million tons more than last year, despite extreme weather conditions, like lower temperature this spring and heavy snow before summer, said Chen Mengshan, spokesman for the Ministry of Agriculture.
The acreage planted with autumn grains, including corn, was higher than last year and crops were growing better so far this year than in 2009, he added.
Chen said the total wheat output in China, the world's biggest wheat grower, is likely to hit 115 million tons this year, the seventh consecutive year to record an increase since 2003.
"The annual wheat consumption was about 105 million tons and this year's wheat output can ensure sufficient supply," Chen told a press conference organized by the State Council Information Office.
The recent floods and landslides triggered by torrential rain have damaged about 1.9 million hectares of farmland, of which 252,800 hectares faced total crop failure, between July 1 and July 13, Ministry of Civil Affairs statistics show.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the total grain yield of China's three main crops - rice, wheat and corn - was 470.27 million tons in 2008, only 17.29 percent of which came from the disaster-stricken areas.
Early this year, a severe drought that hit five provinces in Southwest China had affected nearly 5.3 million hectares of arable land, about 86 percent of the country's total affected, according to statistics from the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters.
The drought was the main reason for the drop in the summer grain output, which in Guizhou and Yunnan provinces was down 1.69 million tons, the National Bureau of Statistics said in a statement on its official website on Monday.
China plans to guarantee its grain output this year, hitting at least 500 million tons and increasing farmers' incomes by 6 percent.
41. Summarize the main idea of this news report.
_______________________________________________________________________________
42. What are tree main crops in China
_______________________________________________________________________________
43. What is the main reason for the drop in the summer grain output in the south and southwest of the country
_______________________________________________________________________________
44. How many natural disasters are mentioned in this passage
_______________________________________________________________________________
45. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅱ Grammar & Writing
知识整合·能力聚焦
考点搜索1：destroy的用法
【例1】The mudslides __________ a bridge and forced the water level in the Nujiang River to rise up to 6 meters.
A. destroyed B. damage C. ruined D. spoil
解析：考查动词词义辨析：destroy破坏，毁坏；damage既可以作动词，又可以作名词，意为“损毁，损害”；ruin作动词，意为“毁灭，毁坏，使成为废墟”，而作名词，意为“废墟”；spoil意为“溺爱。宠坏”；依据句意理解，“泥石流冲垮了一座桥梁”，则选择A项。
答案：A
名师点金：damage / destroy / ruin / spoil的比较
⑴damage指部分“损坏、损害、破坏”，或指使用价值有所降低。damage可以作动词，也可以作名词。作名词时，常用于“do damage to …对……有损害”这一结构中。
The bridge was badly damaged by the flood.那座桥被洪水损坏得很严重。
The accident did lots of damage to his car.
这次车祸使他的车受到很大程度的破坏。
⑵destroy只用作动词，意为“破坏、毁灭”，指彻底破坏，以至于不可修复；也可以指希望、计划等破灭。
The typhoon destroyed dozens of houses. 台风摧毁了几十间房屋。
All my hopes were destroyed by his letter of refusal. 他回信拒绝，使我的希望完全破灭了。
⑶ruin表示破坏严重，以致不能修复，但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物，而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了变化。用作动词时，意为“使毁灭、使崩溃”；用作名词时，意为“毁灭、废墟”，常见短语：in ruins意为“成为废墟”。
The frost ruined the crops. 霜冻把庄稼全毁了。
After the earthquake, we can see the ruins of the village.
地震之后，我们可以看到村庄的废墟。
⑷spoil作动词，意为“损坏，破坏”，侧重被损坏的东西不再有使用价值，有时可与ruin通用；有时也含有最终完全毁灭之义。另spoil也有“宠坏、溺爱”之意。
If you eat sweets just before a meal, you will spoil your appetite. 在用餐前吃甜点会破坏你的食欲。
Jimmy’s grandma spoils him with toys and candy.
吉米的奶奶用玩具和糖果把他宠坏了。
原文对照：When the hurricane ended, several buildings in the town had been destroyed.
考点搜索2：account的用法
【例2】I want you to__________ every cent you spent.
A. leave for B. account for C. call for D. go for
解析：考查短语辨析：leave for前往；account for解释，说明；call for需要，要求；go for对……也适合；句意：我要你解释清楚花掉的每一分钱的用途。依据句意理解，则account for符合题意。
答案：B
名师点金：account的用法
⑴account作名词，意为“账户，账目；报道，叙述”；
①take…into account/consideration 把……考虑在内
②on account of = as a result of =because of 由于，因为
③on no account决不，无论如何都不……
My salary was paid directly into my bank account.
我的工资直接存入了我的银行账户。
On account of the bad weather, we had to put off the sports meeting.
由于糟糕的天气状况，我们不得不推迟运动会。
On no account must you disturb me when sleeping.
无论如何，在我睡觉时，都不要打扰我。
We must take local conditions into account. ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\Youdao\\Dict\\resultui\\queryresult.html" \o "点击发音 )
我们必须考虑到当地的条件。
⑵account作动词，意为“解释，认为，报账”；常见短语account for意为“解释，说明”；
Can you account for your movements on that night
你能将你那晚的举动给出满意的解释吗？
原文对照：Read this eye-witness account of a violent natural event.
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单项选择
1. He ___________ several English novels before he went to college.
A. has read B. had read C. were reading D. read
2. When they went to the theatre, the play___________ for five minutes.
A. had begun B. has begun C. had been on D. was on
3. Can you tell me___________
A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who
C.who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman
4. All the people here want to know ___________.
A. when to do it B. when should to it C. todo it when D. it when to do
5. I can’t tell you___________I like this play or not.
A. if B. whether
C. what D. which
6. At the end of the meeting，it was announced that an agreement ___________.
A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached
7. Father told me that practice makes perfect.
A. make B. made
C. making D. makes
8. -Could you turn up the TV a bit
-___________. The baby is sleeping.
A. OK, no problem. B. Sorry, I’m afraid not.
C. You’d better turn it off yourself. D. Turn it off please.
9. That the 2010 World Expo held in Shanghai is a great ___________for Chinese people.
A. incident B. accident C. event D. happening
10.-I heard Charlotte had been drowned in the lake.
-Really！Her boat turned ___________, and ___________she couldn’t swim.
A. down; fortunately B. up; unfortunate
C. over; unfortunately D. down; unfortunately
Ⅱ.完成句子
11.在妈妈回来的时候，我已经把饭做好了。（by the time）
_______________________________________________________________________________
12.李先生正在专心致志地写一本关于他南极探险的书。（be buried in）
_______________________________________________________________________________
13.依照最近的一项调查，每年有四百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。（according to）
_______________________________________________________________________________
14.列出你计划下周要买的所有东西。（make a list of）
_______________________________________________________________________________
15.当大卫和玛丽表演完那个对话，全班同学哄堂大笑。（act out）
_______________________________________________________________________________
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.选词填空
A. Thankfully B. Sadly C. Luckily D. Generally
E. Hopefully F. Surprisingly G. Unfortunately
A: Did you went to the cinema last night
B: Yes, I did. ___1__ I was late.
A: Why What happened
B: Well, I was riding quickly when suddenly a boy ran into the road.
A: You hit him
B: No, I stopped quickly. __2___ the boy missed the bike, but I fell off my bike.
A: What happened then
B: __3___. I was able to get up with the help of the boy.
A: Ah, that’s good. ___4_ you didn’t miss too much of the movie.
B: I wish I didn’t. But it had been over when I got there. ___5__, I went home.
A: It’s really a pity.
Ⅱ.句型转换
6. The monitor said to me: “Please hand in your homework now.”
→The monitor ________ me to hand in ________ homework ________.
7. “Do you know what is going on outside ” he asked his deskmate.
→He asked his deskmate ________ he ________ what ________ going on outside.
8. The tourist said, “What a beautiful place it is!”
→The tourist said ________a beautiful place it ________.
9. Tina said to her brother, “Light travels faster than sound.”
→Tina ________her brother lights ________ faster than sound.
10. She told the man beside her she had been there twice.
→She ________ to the man beside her, “I ________ been ________ twice.”
Ⅲ.书面表达
根据下面提示，简要介绍青海玉树地震灾害情况。
⑴时间：2010年4月14日上午7：49；
⑵地点：青海玉树
⑶程度：7.1级地震；
⑷损失：2,698人丧生，270人失踪，12135人受伤；几乎一切变成废墟，成千上万人无家可归；
⑸帮助：很多志愿者提供帮助，来自全国、全世界提供的食品、衣物等；
⑹前景：灾区人民重建家园。
要求：
⑴要点齐全，可适当增加细节，使内容连贯；
⑵补充词汇：①震级magnitude ②志愿者volunteer
⑶词数：100左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Section Ⅲ Cultural Corner
知识整合·能力聚焦
考点搜索1：possible的用法
【例1】-Which team is _______ to win the football game
-As far as I am concerned, it is _______ for our team to win.
A. likely; possible B. possible; probable
C. probable; likely D. possible; chance
解析：本题目考查：It is likely/possible/probable for sb. to do sth. 对……而言，……是可能的……；注意：①likely的主语可为“人”或“事物”或“由it作形式主语”；该题目第一个空主语为sth.，只能用likely；②possible或probable常作表语，一般用在由“it”来充当形式主语的句型中；句意：—哪一个队可能会赢得这场比赛呢？—就我个人而言，我们队可能会赢。依据句意与语境理解，则选项A符合题意。
答案：A
【例2】(2010陕西) Studies show that people are more ______to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.
A. likely B. possible
C. probable D. sure
解析：本题目考查“可能性”的形容词辨析：①It is likely/possible/probable that…；②It is likely/possible/probable for sb. to do sth.；③sb./sth. be likely to do sth.；句意：研究表明如果总是长时间地坐在电脑屏幕前，人们的背部很有可能会出现毛病。依据句意理解以及如上①②③所述，故选择A项。
答案：A
名师点金：possible的用法
⑴possible/probable adj.可能的；
①It is possible/probable that…做某事是可能的；
②It is possible/probable for sb. to do sth.对某人而言，做某事是可能的；
I suppose it’s possible that she didn’t know her husband’ car accident
我想她是有可能还不知道，她的丈夫出车祸了。
It is possible to see as far as Corsica on a clear day.
天气晴朗时，甚至有可能看到科西嘉岛那么远的地方。
⑵likely adj.很可能的，有希望的； adv.很可能，大概<通常与most, very连用>；
①It is likely that 很可能……；
It's likely that we will be late.我们可能会迟到。
②sb./sth. be likely to do sth. 某人或某物有可能会做某事；
The weather is likely to get worse.看来天气可能会变得更糟。
He is not likely to come. 他不见得会来。
③It is likely for sb. to do sth.对某人而言，做某事是可能的；
④Not likely.不大可能。
-Will you come to the theatre tomorrow
-Not likely.
—明天你去看戏吗？
—不大可能去!
⑶maybe/perhaps
perhaps与maybe意思一样，均作副词讲，意为“也许，大概，可能”，但maybe随便一些，不够庄重；
⑷表示“可能”的其它句式：
①There is a possibility that…有可能……；
②There is no possibility that…没可能……；
③There is a good chance that…很有可能……；
⑸记忆要点：
①probable表达“可能性很大”；
②possible表达“可能性较小”；
③possible/probable表示“可能的”，常用在以it为形式主语的句型中；
④likely表示“从表面迹象判断某人或某事的可能性”；likely表示“很可能的”，可以由“人或事物”作主语或者“由it作形式主语”； likely作形容词，可作定语也可作表语；likely作副词，意为“可能地”；
⑤maybe或perhaps均为副词，常用于句首；maybe多用于口语中；
原文对照：Is it possible that there could be another earthquake there
考点搜索2：cover的用法
【例3】（2009山东）-Do you have enough to ________all your daily expenses
-Oh yes, enough and to spare.
A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer
解析：考查动词词义辨析：cover意为“指钱够某事只用；包括”；spend花费；fill填充；offer提供；句意：—你的钱足够你日常开支吗？ —当然了，足够用并且有节余。依据句意与语境理解，则cover符合题意。
答案：A
名师点金：cover的用法
⑴覆盖，遮盖
They covered the tables with clean white cloths.
他们把桌子都铺上了干净的白布。
The mountain is covered with snow all the year around.
山上终年覆盖着积雪。
⑵占有（多大面积）
The city covered an area of 800 square kilometers.
这个城市方圆800平方公里。
⑶走完（一段路程）
They are planning to cover 40 miles today.
今天，他们计划走40英里。
⑷包含，阐述，涉及
The course covers all aspects of business and law.
这门课程涵盖商业和法律的方方面面。
⑸看完（多少页书）
How many pages have you covered of this book 你读完了这本书的多少页？
⑹报道，采访
The best reporters were sent to Guangzhou to cover the 16th Guangzhou Asian Games.
最优秀的记者被派往到广州去报道第16届亚运会。
原文对照：It covered an area of 800 square kilometers.
考点搜索3：in all的用法
【例4】There are about 100 journalists attending the press conference _________.
A. at all B. above all C. after all D. in all
解析：考查与all相关的短语辨析：at all根本，全然；above all首先，尤其是；after all毕竟；in all总共，总计；依据句意理解，则选项D符合题意。
答案：D
【例5】(2010江西) We give dogs time, pace and love we can spare, and _________ dogs gives us their all.
A. in all B. in fact
C. in short D. in return
名师点金：in all / above all / after all / at all / first of all的用法
⑴in all 意为“总共，总的来说”，一般放在句首或句尾，与in total可以互换。
There were twelve of us for dinner in all.
我们一共十二个人吃饭。
⑵)above all 意为“首先，尤其是，更重要的是”，强调重要性，置于句首、句中或句末。
Above all, you should know the importance of learning the subject.
首先，你要知道学习这一科目的重要性。
He is strong, brave and, above all, honest.
他强壮，勇敢，最重要的是他诚实。
⑶after all 意为“毕竟，终究”，表示结果与预想的不同，通常置于句末或句首。
You shouldn’t have scolded the boy at all; he is a child after all.
你根本不该责备那个男孩，他比较是个孩子。
⑷at all 常用在肯定句、疑问句中，意为“竟然，根本于”；not…at all=not a bit意为“一点也不，根本就不”。
I don’t know him at all, not to mention borrow money from him.
我根本不认识他，更别说向他借钱了。
⑸first of all意为“首先，最先”，用以强调次序。
First of all, please allow me to introduce myself.
首先，请允许我自我介绍一下。
原文对照：In all, 830000 people lost their lives.
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It is a _____________（可怕的）experience.
2. We meet once a month to discuss _____________（社区）problems.
3. The football match _____________（持续）80 minutes.
4.This is the worst traffic accident that has occurred this year in Taiwan, causing a t_____________ of 197 deaths.
5. She looked up briefly, and then c_____________ reading.
Ⅱ.单项选择
6. -The _________ one to arrive pays the meal.
-Agreed!
A. last B. keep C. continue D. cover
7. The fires _________ for three days, causing a large amount of damages.
A. burned B. were burnt C. burns D. are burnt
8. The problem will affect the _________ of Europe.
A. all B. completely C. whole D. entirely
9. _________ be sent to work there
A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should
10. I choose to shop_________ because it saves time and effort.
A. on the air B. on the Internet C. on TV D. in magazines
Ⅲ.用所给词的正确形式填空
11.We don’t know whether these chemicals are _____________（danger）to humans.
12.Computer technology makes it _____________（possibility）for many people to work from home.
13.Encourage students to take an _____________（act）part in discussions.
14.It's not _____________（nature）for a child of his age to be so quiet.
15.The school was completely _____________（destruction）by fire.
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1. We had to ___________ the last three miles ___________ ___________.
我们只好步行走完最后3英里路。
2. ___________ ___________ their homework, the students went home.
做完了作业，学生们就回家了。
3. ___________ ___________ his telephone number, I couldn’t ring her up.
不知道她的电话号码，我就不能给她打电话了。
4. ___________ ___________ the left, you will find the place you want.
往左转，你就能找到你想要找的地方了。
5. She looked up briefly, and then ___________ ___________.
她稍抬了一下头，然后又继续读下去。
Ⅱ.句型转换
6.Is it possible that there could be another earthquake in California
→Is there __________ __________ that another earthquake could __________ California
7. The bad climate affects his health.
→The bad climate __________ __________ __________ __________ his health.
8. Tom failed again in the exam, and it made his parents very disappointed.
Tom failed again in the exam, __________made his parents very disappointed.
9. Altogether, there were 10 people killed in the car accident.
→There were 10 people __________ __________ killed in the car accident.
10. Go on to answer the next question when you've finished it.
→__________ __________ answer the next question when you've finished it.
Ⅲ. 短文改错
A terrible storm took place in a summer night. The 11. __________
wind was so strong that many trees blown down. It 12. __________
was already eleven o’clock. Li hua, who had been to 13. __________
night school, was still not back and her parents were 14. __________
very anxious. Half an hour later the wind stopped, and it 15. __________
was still raining, Li hua’s parents were about to looking 16. __________
for him while he returned. I Ming explained the storm had 17. __________
pushed over many big trees as good as telephone lines, blocking 18. __________
the roads and that the bridge had been washed away by 19. __________
the floods. So they had been to find another way back. 20. __________
Ⅳ..补全对话
(T=Tina S=Sonia)
S: 21______________, Tina
T: Well. I like the prices, but 22______________. The dresses in this shop are for the old, I won’t look for a good one among them.
S: But in the last shop, you like the styles and 23______________.
T: I know. I hoped to find something on sale. Look! Here is a nice one. It is not too expensive, and I like the style. 24______________, I think it will be comfortable, too.
S: 25______________
T: I will. If it fits me, I will take it.
A. I do not like the styles
B. Why don’t you try it on
C. It is fashionable
D. What does it like
E. You do not like the prices
F. What do you think of these dresses
G. Please try it on
Module 3 The Violence of Nature
Section Ⅰ Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary ＆ Function
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
flood
experienced
causes/caused
related
feathers
violent
furniture
injured
buried
previous
Ⅱ.短语翻译
与……相关
参考，涉及
在同一纬度
有史以来
拾起；<偶然>学到；接送
镇压；写下；放下；贬低
在1900年9月8日
一般说来，平均起来
以……而结束
放火烧……
manage to do sth.
put out
take place
according to
make a list of
fall down
turn over
come down
act out
make a presentation of/on
Ⅲ.单项选择
31. D 考查名词辨析：flow（液体的）流动，流淌（常用于单数形式）；column柱状物，专栏，（数字、单词的）栏；flood洪水；current洋流，水流，气流；句意：强大的水流对游泳者是非常危险的。
32. B 考查短语搭配：have experience in 在……有丰富的经验。
33. B 考查非限制性定语从句：which作主语，代指“Tom failed again in the exam”。
34. C 考查动词辨析：seem似乎；appear出现，似乎；happen to do sth.碰巧做某事；thought是think的过去式。
35. A 考查动词短语辨析：pick up拾起；接送；（偶然）学会；接收（信号）；end up结束；pour down倾盆而下，倾泻而出；come down下来；<价格、水平等>降低。
36. B 考查形容词的辨析：destroyed遭到破坏的（侧重不可修复的破坏、损坏）；injured受伤的，受损害的（侧重意外受伤）；wounded受伤的（侧重刀伤、枪伤等）；damaged被损坏的（可以修复的破坏、损坏）；injured passengers意外受伤的乘客；依据句意理解，则选择B。
37. C 考查词性辨析：affect作动词，意为“影响”；effect作名词，意为“影响”，常见短语：have no effect on对……没有影响；have an effect on对……有影响。
38. D 考查leave的复合结构，即leave sb./sth. + 形容词，意为“使……处于……状态”。
39. C 考查动词warn的用法：warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事；be warned not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事。
40. C 考查短语辨析：put off推迟，拖延；put away收好，放好；储备；put out熄灭，出版； put down放下，镇压；be on fire着火（侧重状态）；catch fire着火（侧重动作）。同时，完成时与短时间连用，应该使用延续性动词。
Ⅳ.选词填空
41. refer to
42. took off
43. set fire to
44. picked up
45. on average
46. put out
47. manage
48. ended up with
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.根据汉语意思完成句子
We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
My husband will pick you up in his car.
On average, he earns about 500 Yuan a week.
By the time I came home last night, my son had already fallen asleep.
It was said that the traffic accident occurred at midnight.
Cotton catches fire easily.
Winds of 200 kilometers per hour and five-meter high waves hit the city.
Is there any possibility that he will go to Beijing this week
=Is there any possibility of his going to Beijing this week
Ⅱ.单句改错
9. happened后加介词to
10. experiences→experience
11. furnitures→furniture
12. In→On
13. affected→affecting
14. metres→metre
15. late→later
Ⅲ.完形填空
16. C case意为“事例，案例”；reason意为“原因”；factor意为“因素”；situation意为“形势，状况”；句意：上述条件是使英国成为工业革命中心的重要因素。故选C。
17. A 根据上下句语境，应选一个表转折的连词，只有选项A符合题意。
18. A else意为“其他，别的”；extra意为“额外的，外加的”；该句要表达的是“也需要其他条件”，而不是“额外条件”，排除C项。near和similar意思相差较远，故选A。
19.D 根据下句的解释，应选“有创造性的”，creative符合题意。generating 意为“产生的，生产的”；motivating 意为“有动机的”；effective意为“有效的”，意思都不贴切。
20.B sources意为“来源，根源”，符合题意。Origin意为“起因，由来”；base意为“基础”；discovery意为“发现”。
21.B 根据句子的意思，应选create“创造，发明”这个词。
22.A come from意为“出自，来自”，与后面background搭配，意为“出于……背景”。stem from意为“起源于”；选项 B、C的意思不对。
23.C more…than…是固定搭配，意为“与其说……倒不如说……”。本句的意思是，“与其说是科学家，不如说是发明家”。
24.C pure意为“纯粹的，单纯的”；genuine意为“真正的”；practical意为“实际的”；clever意为“聪明的”；句意:一个单纯的科学家主要致力于精确的科学研究。
25.D accurately意为“精确的”，符合题意。Happily意为“愉快的”；occasionally意为“时而的，偶然的”；reluctantly意为“勉强的”，均不合题意。
26.D so that是固定搭配，引导目的性状语从句。
27.C 句意：一个发明家或热衷于应用科学的人通常试图创造有使用价值的东西。
28.B 该句子要表达：通过运用科学理论，use意为“使用，运用”，故选B项。
29.A theories of science意为“科学的理论”。
30.D 根据句子的意思，“他为了明确的结果而工作”，specific的意思是“明确的”,specialized的意思是“专门的”; sole的意思是“独有的，单一的”；single的意思是“单独的,一个人”。
31.C 根据题意，one of many other objectives“许多其他东西中的一种”。all,全部; few,几乎没有; those,那些;均不合题意。
32.B develop 意为“发展，培养；研制，开发”，此处使用“研制，开发”这一层意思。Propose意为“建议”；supply意为“提供，供应”；offer意为“提供，出价”。
33.A 本题要求选用与no意义相近的不定代词，在四个选项中，只有选项A的意思是“几乎没有”之意，其后接不可数名词，符合题意。
34.B 本题要求填入的是一个连词，用来连接一个表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。句意：如果没有科学家早年打下的基础，那些在科学上接受过很少或没有接受过教育的人就不可能有所发明创造。If意为“如果，假使，通常用在虚拟条件句中。
35.D 本题要求填入的副词用来修饰一个过去完成时的谓语动词，即表示过去某个时间以前发生的动作，因而只能用选项D。ago常与一般过去时连用。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
36.B 本题考查阅读细节。从文章第二段“the largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe-the coastal area closest to the epicenter”可以得到答案。
37.C 本题考查阅读细节。从文章第二段的最后几句可以判断得出选项C。A选项不是arrived immediately而是10-15分钟以后到来；B选项为至少200人；D选项不是half of the inland而是half a kilometer，因此A、B、D3个选项均有误。
38.B 最后一段的最后一句“However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.”提示本题目答案。
39.D 本题考查阅读细节。2,000,000为无家可归人的数目；200,000为the city of Valparaiso的人口数；490 to 5,7002为地震和海啸共同导致的死亡人数。
40.A 由本段的下一句A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed可以推测出答案。
41. Though the total grain output is affected by some natural disasters, China plans to guarantee its grain output this year.
42. Rice, wheat and corn
43. Severe floods and droughts
44. Floods, earthquake, landslide, drought, extreme weather conditions.
45. 中国计划以保证今年的粮食产量,至少达到500万吨，增加农民收入六个百分点。
Section Ⅱ Grammar & Writing
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单项选择
1. B 考查时态：从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词发生在从句的谓语动词之前，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时态。
2. C 考查时态：从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词发生在从句的谓语动词之前，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时态。在该题目中，主要区分选项A和C，由于for five years这一段时间，谓语动词要用延续性动词。
3. C 考查宾语从句后接特殊疑问句时，要注意用陈述语气。
4. A 句意：这儿的所有人都想知道什么时候做这事情。特殊不定式短语作宾语，选项B、C、D均属词序不符合英语表达习惯。
5. B 考查whether…or not。
6.B 句意：会议结束的时候，他们宣布达成了一项协议。由于agreement和reach之间的存在被动关系，又因“达成协议”发生在“宣布”之前，应用过去完成时，故选B。
7.D 考查动词后宾语从句所使用的时态：当从句表达“客观真理”时，其谓语动词的时态不随主句的时态变化，即从句还是要使用“一般现在时”。
8. 考查情景交际：选项A，意为“好的，没问题。”；选项B，意为“对不起，恐怕不会。”；选项C，意为“你最好亲自去关掉。”；选项D，意为“请关掉它。”；依据语境理解，只有选项B符合题意。
9. C 考查名词辨析：event意为“重大事件”，符合题意。incident意为“小事件”；accident意为“意外事件，事故”；happening意为“偶然或者意外发生的事情”。
10.C 考查短语辨析与词性辨析：turn down意为“拒绝，调低”；turn up意为“出现，露面；调高（声音等）”；turn over意为“翻倒；移交”；依据语境判断，第二个空应该用副词，unfortunately意为“不幸地”。
Ⅱ.完成句子
11. By the time my mother came back, I had cooked a meal for her.
12. Mr. li is buried in writing a book about his Antarctic expedition.
13. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking. ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\Youdao\\Dict\\resultui\\queryresult.html" \o "点击发音 )
14. Make a list of everything you buy in the next week.
15. All the classmates burst into laughter when David and Mary acted out the dialogue.
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.选词填空
1. G 2. C 3. A 4. E 5. B
Ⅱ.句型转换
6.→asked ; my; then
7. whether; knew; was
8. what; was.
9. told; travels
10. said; have; here
Ⅲ.书面表达
Yushu Earthquake
At 7:49 on April 14th, 2010, a 7.1 -magnitude earthquake took place in Yu shu, Qinghai. It was the second big earthquake within 3 years.
As nobody knew there was going to be an earthquake, they were so frightened when it happened. For a moment almost everything was in ruins. Houses and even buildings fell down and roads and bridges were destroyed. 2,698 people have been confirmed dead, 270 missing and 12,135 injured.
Hearing the news, the government took immediate action. A great many soldiers were sent to rescue the people from danger. Lots of volunteers offered to help. And large quantities of food, water, tents, and medicine were transported other parts of China to the earthquake-stricken areas.
People in the disaster areas didn’t lose confidence and hope. Instead they did what they could to rebuild their own homes.
Section Ⅲ Cultural Corner
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. terrible
2. community
3. lasts
4. total
5. continued
Ⅱ.单项选择
6. A 考查词语辨析：last作动词，意为“持续”；作形容词，意为“最后的，最新的”；keep保持，维持；continue继续；cover包含，涉及；依据句意理解，选项A中的last符合题意。
7. A 考查时态与语态，依据语境与句意理解，则应该用一般过去时。
8. C 考查形容词与副词辨析：all意为“所有的，全部的”，常用于冠词、所有格或限定词之前；completely作副词，意为“完全地，彻底地”；whole意为“所有的，全部的”，常用于冠词或所有格之后；entirely作副词，意为“完全地，彻底地”；依据句意与语境理解，C项符合题意。
9. A 本题目考查插入语放在特殊疑问词之后，且其后的句子用陈述语气。同时要注意suggest（表示“建议”之意），其后所接从句应该用should+动词原形，其中should可以省略；句意：你建议谁应该被派往那里工作？
10. B 考查短语辨析：on the air在广播中，直播地； ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\Youdao\\Dict\\resultui\\queryresult.html" \o "点击发音 )on TV通过电视收看节目；on the Internet在网络上；in magazines在杂志里；依据句意理解，选项B符合题意。
Ⅲ.用所给词的正确形式填空
11.dangerous
12.possible
13.active
14.natural
15.destroyed
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1. cover; on foot
2.Having finished
3.Not knowing
4.Turning to
5.continued reading
Ⅱ.句型转换
6. the possibility ; hit/strike
7. has an effect on
8. which
9. in all/total
10. Continue to
Ⅲ.短文改错
11. in→on
12. blown前加were
13. been→gone
14. her→his
15. and→but
16. looking→look
17. while→when
18. good→well
19.√
20.去掉been
Ⅳ.补全对话或对话填空
21.F 22.A 23.E 24.C 25.B