外研社必修三module 5 great people and great invetions of ancient china学案

Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China
课标定位·高效导学
类别 课程标准要求掌握的项目
重点单词 equal a.相等的，平等的importance n.重要性kindness n.仁慈，善良order vt.命令，订购；n.秩序，命令principle n.法规，原则position n.职位stress v.强调resign vi.辞职adviser n.顾问，指导influential adj.有影响的honesty n.诚实，正直 justice n.正义，公正bark vi.犬吠；n.犬吠声，树皮contribution n.捐助，贡献invent vt.发明leather n.皮革soft adj.柔软的category n.种类，范畴inventor n.发明家argument n.辩论，争辩freedom n.自由condition n.状况，条件
重点短语 believe in相信，信任be similar to与……相似agree with同意，（气候、食物）适合be kind to对……和善bring up抚养，养育cause trouble引起麻烦be related to与……相关be at war with与……进行交战follow one’s advice接受某人的建议spend…in doing sth.花费（时间、金钱）做某事be different from与……不同as a result结果instead of而不是，代替become interested in（变得）对……感兴趣 a sense of responsibility责任感go out出去，熄灭，公开，公布afford to do sth.承担得起，买得起do with处理，对付be proud of以……而自豪be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）be afraid of害怕，担心……give the arguments for给出支持……的理由in conclusion总而言之for the first time第一次give an example to为……树立榜样in the second half of 18th century在18世纪的下半叶because of因为，由于such as诸如，例如make notes about/of做关于……的记录
功能交际 He spent his last years preparing a book of his teachings called The Book of Mencius.Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.Up to five people can travel in a car, so often it is cheaper to go by car than to take a train.
语法 The attributive clause But it also a time when there were many great philosophers.Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.He is a man of whom China can be proud.→He is a man whom China can be proud of.
Section Ⅰ Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary ＆ Function
知识整合·能力聚焦
考点搜索1：treat的用法
【例1】The doctor is skilled at _________ heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good reputation.
A. treating B.cure
C. mend D. healing
解析：考查动词词义辨析：treat治疗（强调过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗）；cure治愈（强调结果，指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病）；mend修理，修补；heal治愈（强调结果，侧重伤口、疾病慢慢恢复痊愈）；依据be skilled at sth.擅长（做）……，则排除B和C项。另依据句意，选择侧重强调“治疗的过程”，故A选项符合题意。
答案：A
【例2】（2009北京）The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated
解析：考查时态与语态，该句子为定语从句，先行词为the way，省略了关系代词that/in which，定语从句是the guests were treated in the hotel，主句为：The way influenced their evaluation of the service. 句意：客人在宾馆被接待的方式，影响到他们对宾馆服务质量的评价。
答案：B
名师点金：treat的用法
⑴treat作动词，意为“对待，治疗，招待”；
She felt she had been unfairly treated and complained to her boss.
她觉得自己受到了不公正待遇，便向老板提出抗议。
You should treat this new evidence with caution.
你应该谨慎对待这个新证据。
Patients are treated with a combination of medication and exercise.
病人们在接受药物和锻炼相结合的综合治疗。
She treated herself to a nice hot bath.
她痛快地让自己洗个热水澡。
Bob treated us all to dinner at an expensive restaurant.
鲍勃在一家昂贵的餐馆里请我们大家吃晚餐。
⑵作名词，意为“款待，招待”
I’d like this lunch to be my treat. 这顿午饭我来请客。
⑶常见固定搭配：
①treat…as…把……当作……看待
②treat sb. to sth.请某人吃……
原文对照：Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
考点搜索2：bring up的用法
【例3】She ___________ three sons on her own.
A. brought in B. brought up C. brought about D. brought out
解析：考查bring动词短语辨析：bring in引进，赚钱；bring up抚养，养育；bring about导致，引起，造成；bring out推出（新产品），使显出（特性）；句意：她独自把三个儿子养大成人。依据句意理解，则选项A符合题意。
答案：A
【例4】(2010山东)Sam ________some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
A. brought up B. looked up
C. picked up D. set up
解析：考查与up相关的短语辨析：bring up养育，抚养；look up仰望，好转，查找；pick up学会，捡起，接送；set up建立，安装；句意：山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。依据句意理解，则选项C符合题意。
答案：C
名师点金：与up相关短语的用法
⑴bring up养育，抚养；
He was brought up by his aunt.
她由姑妈抚养长大。
⑵call up打电话，使回想起
Seeing Paula in that white dress called up memories of his Aunt Sara.
看见葆拉穿着那条白裙子，使他想起了自己的姑妈萨拉。
⑶add up 加起来
Every time I add these figures up I get a different answer.
每次我将这些数字加起来所得结果都不一样。
⑷break up打碎；拆散；结束，解散；断绝，破裂；
The crowd broke up. 人群散开了。
What will happen to the children if Jim and Mary break up
如果吉姆和玛丽离婚了，孩子们怎么办呢？
⑸use up=run out of用完，耗尽
She's used up all the hot water. 她用尽了所有的热水。
⑹turn up出现，露面；调高（声音、热量等）；竖起（衣领等）
He turned up his jacket collar against the cold. 他竖起夹克衣领御寒。
⑺set up开办，设立；
The group plans to set up an import business.
该集团计划创办一家进口公司。
原文对照：“Bring up” means “to look after children until they are adults”.
考点搜索3：so在倒装句中的用法
【例5】-Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.
-_________, and so did I.
A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she
解析：依据语境与句意理解判断，本题目考查so在倒装句的用法，该题目表达“对上文情况的肯定说明”，其结构：so + be动词（情态动词或助动词）+主语。句意：—玛姬在聚会上玩得非常高兴。—她确实如此，我也非常高兴。本题目考查“对上文情况的肯定说明”，故选项C符合题意。
答案：C
【例6】Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _________.
A. I was neither B. neither was I
C. I was either D. either was I
解析：依据选项判断，本题目考查nor/neither在倒装句中的运用，其结构nor/neither + be动词（情态动词或助动词）+主语。句意：比尔对杰森报告延误之事很不满意，我也是如此。
答案：B
名师点金：so/neither在倒装句中的用法
⑴so + be动词（情态动词或助动词）+另外一个主语，是主谓倒装结构，表示“ ……也是如此”〈其中的主语与上句的主语不是同一个人或事物；so代表上句中陈述的肯定内容，be动词、情态动词与助动词要与上句中的谓语动词在时态上保持一致；〉
Tom likes sports very much and so does his brother.
汤姆非常喜欢运动，他的弟弟也是如此。
⑵so + 主语 + be动词（情态动词或助动词），此结构表示赞成对方所陈述的意见或观点，意为“ ……确实如此”，这里的主语与上句的主语指同一个人或事物；
- Sharon likes to eat an apple every day.
- So she does.
—莎伦喜欢每天吃一个苹果。 —她的确如此。
⑶如果上句是否定句或含有否定词（seldom、never等）的句子，使用“neither/nor+ be动词（情态动词或助动词）+另外一个主语”，此结构表示“某人也没有/不……”；
-I don’t think I can finish the work on time.
- Neither/Nor can I. Let’s stop for a rest.
—我认为我不能按时完成这份工作。
—我也是如此。让我们停下来休息一会吧。
⑷如果上文是两个分句或有两个不同的谓语形式或有肯定也有否定时，常用“So it is/was with + 另外一个主语”；或者是“It is/was the same with + 另外一个主语”来表示“也是如此”；
He was born in Beijing and Chinese was his mother tongue. So it was with his sister.
他出生在北京，汉语是他的母语。他的妹妹也是如此。
⑸此句型在条件句里的应用，要注意主句的时态要用一般将来时；
【注意比较】
If you go to attend the lecture, so will I. 如果你去听报告，那我也去。
You go to attend the lecture, so do I. 你去听报告，我也去。
原文对照：Mencius had important government positions, and so did Mozi.
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.He believes that men and women are e_____________.
2.My p_____________ is to get the greatest possible happiness from the present.
3.He s_____________ that the project would be completed by April.
4.I wish you would stop t_____________ me like a child!
5.Research has shown that the weather can influence people’s b_____________.
6.Their situation is very _____________（相似）to ours.
7.The newspaper was _____________（建立）in the second half of 18th century.
8.It was against their _____________（原则）to join the armed forces.
9.The conditions they are living in are beyond _____________（相信）.
10.The children have _____________（记住）a poem within 3 minutes.
Ⅱ.短语翻译
11.believe in ____________________________
12.be similar to与……相似 ____________________________
13.agree with ____________________________
14.bring up ____________________________
15.be related to ____________________________
16.be at war with ____________________________
17.follow one’s advice ____________________________
18.be different from ____________________________
19.as a result ____________________________
20.instead of ____________________________
21.责任感 ____________________________
22.出去，熄灭，公开，公布 ____________________________
23.处理，对付 ____________________________
24.以……而自豪 ____________________________
25.给出支持……的理由 ____________________________
26.总而言之 ____________________________
27.第一次 ____________________________
28.为……树立榜样 ____________________________
29.因为，由于 ____________________________
30.做关于……的记录 ____________________________
Ⅲ.单项选择
31.The great hall was crowded with many people, _________many children_________ on their parents’ laps.
A. including ; seated B. including ;seating C. included ; sat D. included ;sitting
32.His parents died when he was a baby and he was _________ by her aunt.
A. grown up B. pick up C. brought up D. got up
33.Every one of us wants to live_________, but some countries are still_________with each other.
A. in peace; in war B. in peace; at war
C. on peace; at war D. peacefully; in war
34. - why did you leave that job
- I was offered a better_________ at Lenovo.
A. condition B. job C. position D. situation
35.Anyone who has a_________ of humor can get along well in society.
A. sense B. feeling C. mind D. taste
36.-I heard that your daughter had been admitted by a famous university.
-But they charge so high tuition. I can’t_________ such a large sum.
A.afford B.offer C.take D.spare
37.Charlie Chaplin_________ great contributions to the film industry.
A.took B.made C.supplied D.invented
38.You may be allowed to watch TV_________ you have finished your homework.
A. even if B.on condition that
C. in case D.in order that
39. It is_________ that crows are the cleverest of birds
A. said B. say C. to said D.saying
40.-They will build a new school here.
-___________, they will need a lot of money.
A. If any B. If some
C. If such D. If so
Ⅳ.选词填空
afford order influential adviser treat
contribute principle spread discover respect
41.This was a time when black people were not equally____________ as white people.
42. They are said to have ____________ more grain from Canada .
43. Professor Smith served as special ____________ to the President.
44. She is one of the most ____________figures in local politics.
45. If we could ____________ it，we’d like to go abroad for our holidays.
46. He was presented with the Prize for his____________ to Literature.
47. The plan was that the two parties should first reach an agreement on the basic____________ the details to be worked but later.
48. The fire ____________ quickly and soon the building was burned out.
49. As is known to all , America was ____________by Columbus in 1492.
50. It is good manners to ____________our teachers and parents.
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1.人必须要相信自己，这是成功的秘诀（believe in）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.二战期间，德国几乎同世界上所有的国家处于交战状态。（be at war with）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.如果你接受我的建议，最好不要告诉别人。（follow one’s advice）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.据说肯很会操作电脑。（it is said that）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.他不但在学校里教书，而且还写小说。（not only…but also…）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.单句改错
6.Any one who takes drugs is a danger to the society.
7.The teacher explained me the meaning of the word again.
8.Don’t frighten me. I won’t believe God.
9.We had good time boating in the West Lake last weekend.
10.There stands an old lady, her son is said to be a great philosopher.
11.Mozi is considered to being one of the greatest thinkers in ancient China.
12.The two shirts are different from size and color.
13.I’m sorry, but I can’t afford to buying such an expensive flat.
14.Do you know who created the computer
15.The Chinese is a brave and kind people.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Tracy Wong is a well-known Chinese-American writer. But her writing __16_ _ was something she picked up by herself. After her first__17 _, teaching disabled children, she became a part-time writer for IBM. __18 , writing stories was simply a __19_ _ interest. Tracy sent three of her stories to a publisher (出版商). __20_ _, they immediately suggested that she put them together to make a single one long __21_ _ and paid Tracy a $ 15,000 advance. “A pretty money,” said the publisher, “for _22 writer.”
__23 _ Tracy’s characters (人物) are interesting, her stories sometimes __24 _ readers uneasy: those about the supernatural. “My mother believed I could _25 the afterlife world,” she told a close friend. “She used to have me speak with my grandmother, who died many years ago.”
“Can I I don’t think I can,” Tracy said with a laugh. “But I do have __26_ _ when things come to me _27 _. “Once, she was wondering how to complete a __28 __ set in ancient (古代的) China. __29 _ the doorbell rang. It was a FedEx delivery man, with a copy of a book on Chinese __30_ _. It came without her having __31 _ it.
Though she has published 45 books, Tracy has remained __32_ _ by her fame. She lives in the same __33 _ she lived 27 years ago-although in a more comfortable home. There’s more room for __34_ _ in her life-and it wasn’t just __35_ _.
16. A. skill B. experience C. practice D. method
17. A. duty B. effort C. job D. task
18. A. Instead B. Normally C. Certainly D. Then
19. A. general B. deep C. personal D. lively
20. A. Interested B. Anxiously C. Seriously D. Encouraged
21. A. film B. story C. program D. article
22. A. a foreign B. a popular C. an unusual D. an unknown
23. A. Now that B. Even though C. Just because D. Except that
24. A. find B. turn C. leave D. hold
25. A. make up B. connect with C. control D. explain
26. A. events B. chances C. feelings D. moments
27. A. for no reason B. from a distance C. by accident D. as gifts
28. A. description B. pointing C. scene D. talk
29. A. Surprisingly B. Suddenly C. Expectedly D. Fortunately
30. A. cooking B. history C. play D. medicine
31. A. known B. sent C. realized D. ordered
32. A. unchanged B. excited C. determined D. unmoved
33. A. life B. city C. house D. way
34. A. success B. work C. joy D. variety
35. A. writing B. reporting C. luck D. fun
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
If we say the four great inventions (Gunpowder, Compass, Paper and Art of Printing) reflected ancient China’s scientific achievements, then Zhao Zhou Stone Bridge perfectly represented one of the greatest contributions to ancient China’s bridge building. Nobody was unfamiliar with the stone bridge full of legends and vivid folk stories.
The ancient Zhao Zhou stone bridge started to be built in 590 during the Sui Dynasty (581～618) and established in 608.The pioneer for building the bridge was Li Chun who overcame unimaginable difficulties, undergoing all hardships. The location of the bridge is in Zhao County south, Hebei Province. It lay across the Xiaoshui River, far away from the mountains that provided rocky materials. In ancient times, it was such a busy, deep and wide river that could be used as an important carriage to transport heavy rocks and other materials. As we know, no train, no lifting machine could be used to move granite(花岗岩)blocks to the construction site. As an intelligent stonemason and engineer, I Chun worked out his plan and design all from his own direct observation and investigation. It took his whole life-time in completing the great historical project in China. Nowadays it is not only a historical remarkable model of architecture, but also a brilliant Chinese cultural crystallization(结晶) of wisdom.
The entire length of the bridge is 50.82 meters with 10 meters width. The whole stone bridge looks like a big bow, the span of which is 37.02 meters, and its height from the top to the surface of water at a regular position is 7.23 meters. The bridge arch seems to be moving smoothly and flatly. The whole arch consists of 28 big granite blocks connected each other tightly together. On both end sides of the general arch there are 4 smaller arches,2 of which on one side, the other 2 on the other side. The smaller arches could be used to decrease the weight of the bridge and save stone materials, and help flood get through easily, which seems to be much prettier. Such a hard-thinking and careful consideration of the engineering article is really a model of design and layout. The span was much wider than the other stone bridge in ancient times all over China.
Today Zhao Zhou Stone Bridge is one of international cultural relics and perfectly protected and preserved by the concerned administration of China.
36. The best title of this passage is _________.
A. Great engineer in ancient China B. How to build a bridge
C. Four great inventions D. Zhao Zhou stone bridge
37.The third paragraph mainly tells us _________.
A. the materials of Zhao Zhou bridge B. the structure of Zhao Zhou bridge
C.the arches of Zhao Zhou bridge D. the importance of Zhao Zhou bridge
38.The underlined word “carriage” probably refers to _________.
A. cart B. channel C. transport D. resource
B
A poet is in his words
The writings of William Shakespeare are today little read by young people in Britain. His young readership is limited to those who choose to study literature at university.
Still, in British schools, __________ to study the poet, and when something is made compulsory, usually the result is boredom, resentment or both. Shakespeare, Chareles Dickens, Jane Austen－for many of the young, reading them can seem like being forced to eat medicine, especially when people are at an age when they are beginning to discover themselves and wanting to claim their independence.
This was my experience of the classics at school. But when I reached my late teenage years, I had a change of heart. Like every other young person since the dawn of time, the world confused me. I wanted answers, so I turned to books to find them.
I went on to take a PhD in literature and have taught the subject in universities in Britain and China. I have never regretted it. There is something in literature that people want, even if they don’t read books.
You see this in the popularity of TV and movie adaptations of great works, the recent film version of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice being a case in point. These popular adaptations may help increase people’s interest in the classic.
Reading a simplified Romeo and Juliet may perhaps lead to a reading of Shakespeare’s actual play. If that is the case then I welcome the trend. But do not make the mistake of thinking that it is the same thing. Shakespeare is a poet and his greatness is in his language. Reading someone else’s rewriting of his work is like peeling a banana, throwing away the fruit, and eating the skin. Take on the original. It really is worth the effort.
39. Find a sentence from the text which can explain the title.
_______________________________________________________________________________
40. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words to complete the sentence. (within 5 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
41. Why are the adaptations of great works popular
_______________________________________________________________________________
42. Do you think it necessary to read the original Why (within 30 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
43. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
_______________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅱ Grammar & Writing
知识整合·能力聚焦
考点搜索1：be made from的用法
【例1】The wine ______ in China is made ______ corn and wheat.
A. made; from B. making; of
C. to make; in D. having made; into
解析：第一个空考查短语be made in作后置定语；第二个空考查：be made from由......制造成（看不出原材料）；句意：这种酒来自中国，是由玉米和大麦酿制的。
答案：A
【例2】The world is ______ seven continents and four oceans.
A. made up of　 B. made out of　
C. made from　 D. made in
解析：本题目考查make的常用短语辨析：be made up of = consist of由……组成，由……构成； be made from由……制成<看不出原材料>；be made of由……制成<能看出原材料>； be made out of由……制成<既可以指看出原材料，又可以指看不出原材料>；be made in在某地生产，在某地制造；句意：世界是由七大洲和四大洋组成的。
答案：A
名师点金：与make相关的常见短语
⑴ be made in 在……地方制造；
⑵ be made of 由……制造成（能看出原材料）；
⑶ be made from由……制造成（看不出原材料）；
⑷ be made into 被制成为……；
⑸ be made up of = consist of 由……组成；
This car is made in Germany.
这辆小车是德国制造的。
My overcoat is made of cotton. ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\Youdao\\Dict\\resultui\\queryresult.html" \o "点击发音 )
我的大衣是棉花制造的。
Most paper is made from wood.
大多数纸是用木头制造的。
The grapes are made into wine. 葡萄用来酿酒。
The bed made of wood is made up of three separate parts.
这张木制的床由三部分组成。
原文对照：These are the leaves which silk is made from.
考点搜索2：afraid的用法
【例3】(2010全国I) -Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, mom
-__________. Wait till you are old enough, dear.
A. Will you？ B. Why not
C. I hope so. D. I’m afraid not.
解析：考查情景交际：依据语境“Wait till you are old enough, dear.”与句意理解，则“I’m afraid not. 恐怕不能。”符合题意。句意：—每个人都要去爬山。妈妈，我也能去吗？ —恐怕不能。等你长大些吧，亲爱的孩子。
答案：D
名师点金：afraid的用法
⑴afraid作形容词，意为“害怕的，担心的”，该词只作表语，不可作定语。
⑵I’m afraid…恐怕……
①I’m afraid so.=Yes.“恐怕是的。”
②I’m afraid not.=No.“恐怕不是。”
③I’m afraid not, but…恐怕……，但是……
④be afraid that…
-Will he be late again 他又会迟到吗
-I’m afraid so (not). 恐怕会 (不会)吧。
I’m afraid (that) he won’t come. 恐怕他不会来了。
⑶be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事，不敢做某事
He is afraid to go out alone at night. 他不敢晚上一个人出去。
⑷be afraid of sth. 担心或害怕某事的发生
I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕伤害她的感情。
原文对照：I am afraid of this man because he has invented something very dangerous.
考点搜索3：argument的用法
【例4】At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport is that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.
A. discussion B. debates C. arguments D. quarrel
解析：考查名词词义辨析：discussion讨论；debate辩论；argument论据，论证；quarrel争吵，吵架；句意：目前，支持新机场建设的众多因素之一的就是它将为这一区域提供很多就业岗位。
答案：C
名师点金：argue的用法
⑴argue作动词，意为“争论，辩论”；
①argue with sb. about/over/on sth. 与某人辩论某事；
②argue sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事；
③argue sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不要做某事；
④argue + that… 主张，认为……
We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.
我们跟服务员争执那顿饭的价钱。
Some scientists argue that the development of the telecommunication will change people’s way life completely.
一些科学家认为，电子通讯业的发展将会完全改变人们的生活方式。
She argued her boy friend out of smoking at last.
最后，他说服了男朋友戒烟。
⑵argument作名词，意为“争论，论据，辩论”；
①have an argument about/over/on sth. 就某事展开争论；
②give an argument for提供论据支持……
⑶argue/debate/discuss/quarrel辨析
①argue意为“争论，辩论”，侧重就自己的看法或观点提出论证，同他人“争论”或“辩论”，试图在争辩中说服对方或促使他人拥护自己倡导的理由或观点；
②debate多指在正式场合公开进行的辩论或严肃的争论，双方各抒己见
③discuss用于一般场合，重在为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行讨论，不含说服对方的意义；
④quarrel意为“争吵，吵架”，侧指对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生“争吵”或“吵架”；
原文对照：This paragraph gives the arguments for cars.
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单项选择
1. Alice received an invitation from her boss, __________ came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
2. Learning foreign languages calls for your memory, time, patience and emotions. __________, it is not a simple thing.
A. As a result B. In conclusion C. In common D. Above all
3. He is the only one of the students who __________a winner of scholarship for three years.
A. is B. are C have been D. has been
4. __________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A It B. As C. That D. What
5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town__________ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
6. The humans are destroying nature day by day, __________ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.
A. who B. when C. on which D. which
7.I slept on the bed __________I put my shoes.
A. where B. at which C. under which D. in which
8.I’ll never forget the years__________ I lived in the country with the farmers, __________has a great effect on my life.
A. that ; which B. when ; which C. which ; that D. when ; who
9.I refuse to accept the blame for something__________ was someone else’s fault. (全国II)
A. who B. that
C. as D. what
10. That’s the new machine__________ parts are too small to be seen. (山东)
A. that B. which
C. whose D. what
Ⅱ.完成句子
11. __________ __________ __________ we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能为我们提供新鲜的空气。
12. __________ __________ __________ I don’t want to explain to you is very complicated.
我不想向你解释的原因是很复杂的。
13. They went there on foot __________ __________ by bus. ( file: / / / C:\\Program%20Files\\Youdao\\Dict\\resultui\\queryresult.html" \o "点击发音 )
他们没乘公共汽车而是步行那里去的。
14. __________ __________, more and more people __________ __________ __________ foreign culture and language.
综上所述，有越来越多的人们开始喜爱国外的文化和语言。
15.We’re going on holiday __________ __________ __________ __________ this month. 这个月末我们要去度假。
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.选词填空
essential follow proud appear print
argument conclusion general advantage fuel
1.Her first novel will be _____________ this month.
2.In _____________, I’d like to say you are fired from our company.
3.Water and air are _____________ to human beings.
4.I couldn’t _____________ what Professor Hope was saying.
5.We’re _____________that they chose our hotel for their conference.
6.It _____________ that she’s changed her mind.
7.We should take _____________ of every minute to study hard at our subjects.
8.As a _____________ rule, shorter sentences are easier to understand.
9.The stolen car was abandoned when it ran out of _____________.
10.You must have proof to win your _____________.
Ⅱ.句型转换
11. We are preparing for the coming exam.
→We are _____________ _____________ _____________the coming exam.
12. The train was late. She was traveling on it.
→The train _____________ _____________she was traveling was late.
13. In a word, cars are very useful in our life.
→_____________ _____________, cars are very useful in our life.
14. For many years, Mengzi travelled to many states to spread his ideas.
→For many years , Mengzi travelled _____________ _____________ _____________
_____________ to spread his ideas.
15. Mengzi’s ideas and Confucius’ ideas had many similarities.
→Mengzi’s ideas _____________ _____________ _____________those of Confucius.
Ⅲ.书面表达
目前，许多学校对学生采取封闭式管理，学生对此看法不一。请根据下表所提供的信息，写一篇短文，谈谈自己的看法。(字数120左右)
⑴有的同学认为：学校限制我们的自由；学生和社会接触少；学生的兴趣和爱好不能得到充分的发展。因此……
⑵有的同学认为：学校是学习知识的地方：学生应该安心在学校里学习；学生缺乏自觉性，离开了老师，可能会……
⑶你的看法……
⑷注意：①不要逐字翻译。②短文开头已给出，不计人总词数。
Nowadays a lot of schools keep their students in school all day long.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅲ Cultural Corner
知识整合·能力聚焦
考点搜索1：because of的用法
【例】During the war, soldiers had to keep guns with them all the time_________ emergency and danger.
【例1】_______heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break when she got to her office.
A. In case of B. In spit of C. Because of D. In honor of
解析：考查介词短语：in case of以防，万一；in spite of尽管；because of因为，由于；in honor of向……致敬，向……表示敬意，为庆祝……；句意：由于交通很拥挤，当他到办公室的时候，已经是午餐休息的时间了。依据句意理解，则选项C符合题意。
答案：C
名师点金：because of/because
⑴because作连词，意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；
It’s a really useful book because it explains everything very clearly.
这真是一本有用的书，因为它把什么都解释得很清楚。
⑵because of作为介词短语，意为“由于，因为”；
The game was cancelled because of the snow. 因为下雪比赛取消了。
⑶表达“由于，因为”的常见短语
①thanks to幸亏，由于
Thanks to this treatment, her condition has improved. 由于这次治疗，她的身体状况好了很多。
②owing to由于，因为
Owing to the rising cost of fuel, more people are using public transport.
由于燃料价格上涨，更多的人使用公共交通工具。
③due to由于，因为
The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.
这项工程由于缺乏政府的资助而不得不放弃。
④as a result of由于，作为……的结果
Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.
由于买了很多东西，珍妮差一点就错过了航班。
原文对照：These changes became possible because of inventions such as the steam engine.
考点搜索2：energy的用法
【例2】-You are always full of__________. Can you tell me the secret
-Taking plenty of exercise every day.
A. power B. strength C. force D. energy
解析：考查名词词义辨析： energy意为“精力，活力”；full of energy充满活力，精力充沛；power意为“权利，势力”；strength意为“力量，体力”；force意为“暴力，武力”；句意：你总是精力充沛。能告诉我其中的奥秘吗？ 每天都进行大量的锻炼。
答案：D
名师点金：strength/power/force/energy
⑴strength意为“体力，力量”，指一人或一物所包含的内在力量，能用以从事、忍受或抵抗许多事物。
The strength of my memory begins to fail.
我的记忆力开始衰退。
⑵power意为“马力，权利，力量”，指任何身体上、心理上或道德上的能力。
I will help you to the best of my power.
我会尽力帮助你。
⑶force意为“暴力，武力”，指为了达到某种目的而施加的作用力，也指逼迫力。
We had to use force to get into the house.
我们不得不破门而入。
⑷energy意为“精力，活力”，指有精力或力量去做某事并把它做好，也可指自然界的能量、能源。
He had so much energy that he could do the work of three men.
他精力旺盛，能做三个人的工作。
原文对照：This was invented in 1769 by James Watt and was the main energy source during the Industrial Revolution.
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.In the last ten years there has been a r_____________ in information technology.
2.There was a m_____________ of people around the club entrance.
3.The company is famous for the p_____________ of small cars.
4.The population of the small village i_____________ fast in recent years.
5.Be careful of the _____________ （蒸汽）from the kettle.
6.Switching off lights is a good way to save _____________（能源）.
7.We live in a society where the media are extremely _____________（强有力的）.
8.The train was very _____________（拥挤的）, and we had to stand.
Ⅱ.单项选择
9. I thought her nice and honest _____________I met her.
A. the first time B. for the first time C. first time D. by the first time
10. _____________production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. Because D. With
11. _____________, because of all the disadvantages I have mentioned, I think, as a student, we don’t need a mobile phone.
A. As a result B. In conclusion C. In fact D. To tell the truth
12. I hadn’t realized she wasn’t English___________ she spoke.
A. if B. unless C. until D. once
13. Do you know who_____________the telephone
A. invented B. discovered C. found out D. founded
Ⅲ.用所给词的正确形式填空
14.The computer is one of the greatest ____________（invent）in the world.
15. ____________（industry）production has risen by 0.5% since November.
16.David watched her car until it ____________（appear）from view.
17. There is a strong ____________（possible）that they will win the next election.
18.The females are smaller and less ____________（power）than the males.
19.He was now the proud ____________（own）of a bright red sports car.
20.The narrow roads were ____________（crowd）with holiday traffic.
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1.在工业革命期间，工人们通常生活在贫困、拥挤的环境中。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.那个司机由于粗心驾驶而失去了自己年轻的生命。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.与其说他是教师，不如说他是个学者。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.每天世界上有几百万人在用电子邮件传递信息。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.在那之前我对他一无所知。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.词语辨析
6.because of/owing to/due to/thanks to
①_____________our assistance, he finished the job in only 3 hours.
②_____________your help, I succeeded in passing his exam.
③The accident was _____________careless driving.
7.energy/strength/power/force
①Your cousin is so full of _____________that he can’t keep still.
②The boy gathered all his_____________ to stand up.
③I shall do everything in my_____________ to help you.
④The _____________of the explosion pulled down all the buildings nearby.
Ⅲ.短文改错
Scientists have always want to know more 8. ____________　　　
about another worlds in space. They have 9. ____________　　　
looked at it through telescope but in this way 10. ____________　　　
they have found out great deal. They want to 11. ____________　　　
know more about the moon because it was our 12. ____________　　　
nearest neighbor. The stars are very far to us 13. ____________　　　
so people can’t reach them yet. However, people 14. ____________　　　
have already gone to the moon. We know much about it. 15. ____________　　　
The moon is about 240 000 miles far. When we 16. ____________　　　
look at it，we feel it is almost so large as the sun. 17. ____________　　　
That’s because it is much nearer.
Ⅳ.补全对话
-Mary, do you want to see the pictures of my holiday in Italy
-18____________
-Ah, it was great! The food was great! The wine was great! But the traffic was terrible!
-19____________
-Those Italians are crazy drivers! I don’t want to think about it!
-Ok, Ok. 20____________
-Yes, so here’s a picture of the Tower of Pisa.
-How nice!
-It was raining that day, but it was still wonderful. We climbed to the top!
-21____________
-That’s a photo of the Arno River. That’s the “Ponte Vecchio”, the old bridge.
-22____________
-It was very interesting. There were beautiful old buildings in the city, and lots of wonderful museums.
-That’s nice.
A. And what’s this
B. Why was it so bad
C. Yes, it was wonderful.
D. What was Florence like
E. Let’s return to the good parts.
F. Sure, what was your holiday like
G. Well, did you like your hotel there
Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China
Section Ⅰ Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary ＆ Function
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. equal
2. philosophy
3. stated
4. treating
5. behavior
6. similar
7. founded
8. principles
9. belief
10. memorized
Ⅱ.短语翻译
11.相信，信任
12.与……相似
13.同意，（气候、食物）适合
14.抚养，养育
15.与……相关
16.与……进行交战
17.接受某人的建议
18.与……不同
19.结果
20.而不是，代替
21.a sense of responsibility
22.go out
23.do with
24.be proud of
25.give the arguments for
26.in conclusion
27.for the first time
28.give an example to
29.because of
30.make notes about/of
Ⅲ.单项选择
31.A 考查非谓语动词：依据分词的逻辑主语与非谓语动词的主动关系，则排除C、D两项。seated作后置定语。
32.C 考查短语辨析：grow up成长，长大；pick up捡起，接送，（偶然）学到；bring up抚养，养育；get up起床，站起来。
33.B 考查短语辨析：in peace和平地，安静地；be at war with与……交战。
34.C 考查名词词义辨析：condition条件；job工作；position职位，位置；situation情景，形势。
35.A 考查名词词义辨析：sense感觉，感官；feeling情感；mind思想，精神；taste品味，味道。a sense of humor幽默感
36.A 考查动词词义辨析：afford买得起，承担得起；offer主动提出做某事；spare抽出，腾出。
37.B 考查短语：make a contribution to = make contributions to 为……做出贡献。
38.B 考查连词辨析：even if即使；on condition that条件是……，如果……；in case以防，万一；in order that为了……。
39. A 考查句型结构：It is said that …据说……。
40. D 考查省略句，依据语境则if so（如果那样的话），符合题意。
Ⅳ.选词填空
41.treated
42. ordered
43. adviser
44. influential
45. afford
46. contribution
47. principle
48. spread
49. discovered
50. respect
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1. You have to believe in yourself .That is the secret of success.
2. During the Second World War, Germany was at war with almost all the countries in the world.
3. If you follow my advice, you’d better not tell anyone about this.
4. They say that Ken is very good at operating computers.
=It is said that Ken is very good at operating computers.
=Ken is said to be very good at operating computers.
5. Not only does he teach in the school, but he writes novels.
Ⅱ.单句改错
6.去掉the
7. me前加to
8. believe后加in
9. good前加a
10. her→whose
11. being→be
12. from→in
13. buying→buy
14. created→invented
15. is→are
Ⅲ.完形填空
16.A 词义比较前后照应：Tracy Wong是一位著名的美籍华人作家。其写作技能(skill)是自学的。后文大部分谈到了她的技能与技巧。skill技能，技巧；experience经验, 体验, 经历, 阅历；practice实践，实习；method方法。
17.C 前后照应词义比较：从后文作同位语的teaching disabled children和对立项a part-time writer for IBM，这里指的不是义务(duty)，努力(effort)，任务(task)，而是工作、职业(job)。
18.D 词义比较逻辑推理：指Tracy Wong所处的时期(then)。instead代替，表示对立意义；normally正常地, 通常地；certainly的确，表示对情况或事情的肯定。
19.C 前后照应词义比较：当时，写作是个人的兴趣爱好。后句sent three of her stories to a publisher 有所暗示。general普通的，一般的；deep深奥的, 难懂的；personal私人的, 个人的；lively活泼的, 活跃的。
20.A 词义比较句法功能词汇用法：出版商对她的作品感兴趣(interested)，随即向她提出建议。Interested=As they were interested；Encouraged的逻辑主语应是Tracy，而不是出版商；anxiously(忧虑地, 不安地)和seriously(认真地, 真诚地)通常不作句子性副词用，故不能出现在这个位置上。
21.B 前后照应词义比较：出版商加以她把三个故事合起来成为一篇长故事(story)。film，program和article没有存在的前提。
22.D 逻辑推理词义比较：对于Tracy这样一个尚不受大众欢迎的(popular)，普通的(unusual)，外国的(foreign)，没有名气的(unknown)小作家，这是不小的一笔钱。
23.B 语句连贯前后照应，虽然她的故事人物令人感兴趣，但……。注意前后句之间的转折关系。now that既然，表示原因关系；even though即使，即便，表示转折关系；just because就是因为，表示因果关系；except that 除了……之外, 只可惜，表示排除意义。
24.C 词义辨析：她的那些关于超自然故事有时让(leave)读者感到不自在，心神不安。find发现，找到；turn转动，变成；leave使某人处于某种状态，置某人于某种状态；hold把握，保持。
25.B 前后照应逻辑推理：作者的母亲认为作者能够沟通来世阴间。后句“She used to have me speak with my grandmother, who died many years ago.”有所暗示。make up弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理；connect with连接, 联络；control控制；explain 解释, 说明。
26.D 逻辑推理语法规则：但是作者也确实有这样的感觉(feelings)，机会(chances)，事件(events)或时刻(moments)。因为紧接在后面的when引导的表示时间的定语从句，修饰前面的moments，故选D。
27.A 词义比较前后照应：有时某些事情无缘无故(for no reason)地，而非碰巧(by accident)，从远处(from a distance)，作为礼物式(as gifts)地发生在作者身上。由后文中的Once, she was wondering how to…有所暗示。
28.C 逻辑推理，前后照应，词义比较：作者一直在纳闷如何完成一个以古代中国为背景的布景\场景(scene)的故事，而非描写(description)，指示(pointing)或谈话(talk)。
29.B 词义比较逻辑推理：突然（suddenly），门铃响了。surprisingly令人惊讶地；suddenly突然地，表示突发性行为；expectedly不出预料地；fortunately 幸运地。
30.B 逻辑推理气候照应：邮递员手里拿着有关中国历史(history)，而非烹调(cooking)，医学(medicine)，戏剧(play)方面的书。前面ancient China有所提示。
31.D 逻辑推理常识运用词义比较：书来得很是蹊跷，作者先前知道(know)、意识到会(realize)有这样的书，但没有送(send)出去过，更没有预定过(order)。按常识道理，没有预定，邮递员不会送东西到家来，更何况是自己想弄的东西。
32.A 逻辑推理，词义比较，前后照应：虽然作者已经出版了45本书，可仍然没有由于名誉而有丝毫改变(unchanged)。由后文although in a more comfortable home 说明unmoved不妥。Excited和determined与文意不符。
33.D 逻辑推理常识运用，作者也许在原先的城市(city)，原先的房子(house)居住，但不能是原先的生活(life)，而是以与27年前同样的生活方式(way)生活着。
34.D 前后照应逻辑推理，注意与后句的比较。作者不仅仅只是单一的写作了，作者的生活中有了更多的机会或空间来享受生活的多样化(variety)。joy与success和work与后句的it wasn’t just writing不形成对立关系。
35.A 前后照应，不仅仅只是写作(writing)。注意与文章前面her writing skill，a part-time writer for IBM，writing stories was simply a personal interest的相一致。reporting，luck和fun与文意不符。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
36. D 全文都在介绍李春怎样建造赵州桥。
37. B 第三段主要介绍赵州桥的长度、拱洞的数目和跨度以及结构的科学性和美观性。
38. C 根据信息词“transport heavy rocks and other materials”可以判断出该词的意思是“运输工具”。
39. Shakespeare is a poet and his greatness is in his language.
40. it is compulsory/required
41. They may help increase people’s interest in the classic.
42. Yes, it is. Reading the original, we can really grasp the spirits of his works and can enjoy its language. (Answers may vary.)
43. 读莎士比亚作品的改写本就如同将香蕉剥皮后，弃其肉而食其皮。
Section Ⅱ Grammar & Writing
知识整合·能力聚焦
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单项选择
1. C 考查非限制性定语从句，依据横线后的动词came，则该空格处缺少主语，关系代词which作主语，代指“爱丽丝接到老板的邀请”这件事。
2. B 句意：学习外语需要你的记忆、时间和情感。总之，学习外语不是一件容易的事。as a result结果；in conclusion总之；in common共同，共有；above all首先，尤其重要的是……。
3. D 考查one of在定语从句中的应用，当one of修饰先行词时，谓语动词用复数形式；若one of前有the only修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。又依据时间状语for three years，则本题目用现在完成时。
4.B 考查非限制性定语从句，as is known to sb.众所周知……。
5. B 考查定语从句关系副词与关系代词的辨析，横线后面的句子是完整的，先行词指“地点”，故此处缺少关系副词where。
6. D 考查非限制性定语从句，由后面的动词will判断，此处缺少主语，关系代词which代指“人们一天天地破坏自然”这件事，故选项D符合题意。句意：人们一天天地破坏自然，迟早会受到自然的严厉惩罚这是无疑的。
7.C 考查定语从句中“介词+关系代词”的用法，依据句意理解，则判断介词用under，故选项C符合题意。
8.B 考查定语从句关系副词与关系代词的辨析，第一个横线后的句子“I lived in the country with the farmers”是完整的，故缺少副词；而第二个横线处后的“has a great effect on my life”缺少主语，在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词用which。
9.B 本题目考查定语从句关系词的选择，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，而且something为不定代词，故关系代词只能用which。句意：我拒绝接受因为别人的错误而遭受的责备。
10.C 考查定语从句，先行词是the new machine，代入定语从句后为：the new machine’s parts are too small to be seen.可以看出the new machine在此处作定语，故用关系代词whose。
Ⅱ.完成句子
11. The reason why
12. The reason that
13. instead of
14. In conclusion; become interested in
15. at the end of
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.选词填空
1. printed
2. conclusion
3. essential
4.follow
5. proud
6. appears
7. advantage
8. general
9. fuel
10. argument
Ⅱ.句型转换
11. making preparations for
12. on which
13. In conclusion
14. from state to state
15. were similar to
Ⅲ.书面表达
Nowadays a lot of schools keep their students in school all day long. Students have different opinions about it.
Some of the students think they enjoy less freedom and have little chance to get in touch with society. They are not able to fully develop their interests and hobbies. Therefore, they have lost interest in their studies.
Some others think school is the best place to get knowledge so they should put their heart into their lessons. Some students lack the ability to control themselves. Once out of school, they may lose control of themselves and do something that will influence/affect their studies.
Personally I think, it is necessary to keep students at school. But at the same time schools should organize various activities so that students can enjoy their school life. I don’t agree to keep students at school all day. Schools should offer students more free time to develop their personal interests.
Section Ⅲ Cultural Corner
点金测评·创新训练
【基础巩固 全面训练】
Ⅰ.单词拼写、
1. revolution
2. mass
3. production
4. increased
5. steam
6. energy
7. powerful
8. crowded
Ⅱ.单项选择
9. A 考查the first time与for the first time的辨析：the first time可以作连词，引导句子；for the first time作介词短语，意为“第一次”。
10. D 考查介词with后接名词，做原因状语。
11. B 考查短语辨析：as a result结果；in conclusion总之；in fact实际上；to tell the truth说实话。
12. C 考查常用搭配：not…until… 直到……才……。unless作连词，意为“除非”；once作连词，意为“一旦……就……”。句意：直到她开口说话，我才知道她不是英国人。
13. A 考查动词辨析：invent意为“发明，创造”；discover意为“发现”；find out意为“弄明白，查清楚”；found意为“建立，创办”。
Ⅲ.用所给词的正确形式填空
14.inventions
15.Industrial
16. disappeared
17. possibility
18. powerful
19. owner
20. crowded
【综合应用 提高训练】
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1. The workers usually lived in poor and crowded conditions during Industrial Revolution.
2. The driver lost his young life because of his careless driving.
3. He is more a scholar than a teacher.
4. Thousands of people in the world are sending information by E-mail every day.
5. Until then I know nothing about him.
Ⅱ.词义辨析
6.①Owing to/Because of ②Thanks to ③due to
7.①energy ②strength ③power ④force
Ⅲ.短文改错
8.want→wanted　
9.worlds→world　
10.but→and
11.在great前加a
12.was→is　
13.to→from　
14.√
15.gone→been
16.far→away　
17.so→as
Ⅳ.补全对话
18.F 19.B 20.E 21.A 22.D