人教新目标版英语八年级上Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.词汇语法总结及练习 （无答案）

八上英语Unit3
一．单词
1.
quietly
adv.
_____________
adj.
2.
competition
n.
______________
v.
3.
clearly
adv.
________________
adj.
4.
win
v.
_________
过去式，
_____________
n.
5.
talented
adj.
_______________
n.
6.
truly
adv.
____________adj.
_______________
n.
7.
care
v.
___________
adj.
_____________
adv.
8.
serious
adj.
_______________adv.
9.
touch
v.
__________
三单，
______________
adj.
10.
break
v.
______________
过去式
11.
比较级outgoing
______________12.
long
__________13.
good/well
_______________
14.
loudly
_________________15.
clearly
________________
16.
friendly
________________
17.
hard-working
__________________18.
smarter
______________19.
lazy
________________
20.
work
hard
_________________21.
run
faster
_________________22.
jump
high
_____________
23.
early
_____________
24.
funny
_______________25.
thin
______________
26.
tall______________27.
serious
_______________28.
quiet
________________
29.
shy
______________30.
popular
_______________31.
shorter
______________
2．短语
1.
更外向/更开朗
2.
与……一样
3.
歌咏比赛
4.
最重要的事情
5.
在音乐方面有天赋
6.与……相同
7.
关心/留意/关注
8.
与…不同
9.
像一面镜子
10.与…一样长
11.显示/显出/生产/带来
12.
取得好成绩
13.
伸手达到/达到
14.
感动
15.
事实上
16.
交朋友
17.
在某方面成绩好
18.
另一个
19.
对…熟悉
20.
与…和睦相处
21.
享受做某事的乐趣
22.
想要做某事
23.
让某人做某事
24.
对某人来说，做某事是……的
考点一：both
Basketball
has
a
history
of
nearly
300
years.
Today
it
is
still
loved
by
______
the
young
_______
the
old.
（山东青岛）
A.
both;
and
B.
either;
or
C.
not;
but
D.
neither;
nor
both
adj.
&
pron.
两个；两个都
放在“be”动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前
1.
单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数；其后也可直接接名词复数，反义：neither
表示两者都不。做主语为单数。
Both
Tom’s
parents
________
__________.汤姆的父母都是医生。
2.
both
of后接名词、代词的复数形式；接名词时，前要有定冠词the或者形容词性物主代词。反义：neither
of
表示两者都不。做主语为单数。
.
__________
________
teachers.
他们俩都是老师。
______________________________________他们俩个都不是老师
Neither
of
them
____a
doctor.
他们两个都不是医生。
Both
of
them
are
doctors.(改为否定句）
_______
____
them
_______
a
doctor.
3.
both…and…
既…又…;
…和…都…
用来连接两个并列成分，若连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
______________________________________very
well.玛丽和我唱歌都很好。
练习：1.
There
are
lots
of
flowers
on
_______
sides
of
the
streets.
A.
each
B.both
C.either
D.all
2.
What
are
your
parents?
They_________doctors.
A.are
all
B.are
both
C.all
are
D.both
are
3.
Li
Lei
and
Li
Ming________
black
hair.
A.have
both
B.both
have
C.has
both
D.both
has
考点二：
beat
和
win
的区别
beat
是及物动词?后接比赛、战斗、辩论等的对手，可以是人或集体。
beat
过去式
_________________
意为“击败；胜过，后跟表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词，即beat
sb.
I
can
swimming.在游泳方面我能击败你
（2）win既是及物动词?又是不及物动词?但是作及物动词时，后面一般接后接比赛、战斗、辩论、奖品、钱等，可以是事或者物。
Win
过去式
_________
意为“赢，获胜”通常和“game，war，match，prize等之类的名词作宾语，即Win
sth。现在分词
n.
获胜者；优胜者
Which
team
do
you
think
will
this
time?
你认为哪个队会在这次篮球赛中取胜呢？
用beat
,win
的适当形式填空
1.
We
（赢了这场比赛）and
we
（打败了他们）
by
the
score
of
5
to
3.
1）They________the
game
yesterday.他们昨天赢得了那场比赛。
2）She
_____
a
gold
medal
in
the
women’s
singles.她赢得了女子单打金牌。
3
We
______
them
and
______
the
game.
我们打败他们赢得了比赛。
4.
They
didn’t
_____
the
basketball
match.
We
___
them
24-20.
A.
win;
beat
B.
beat;
win
C.
win;
win
D.
beat;
beat
考点三：
all
every
each
all表示“三者或三者以上全都”的意思，
every指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，
each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。
1)
My
brothers
and
I
are
___________l
at
school.
2)
_____________
student
may
have
one
book.
3)
____________Tom
and
Jim
are
my
good
friends.
考点四：反义疑问句
反义疑问结构
1肯定的陈述句+否定附加疑问句
2.
否定陈述句+肯定附加疑问句
Tom
was
late
for
school
yesterday.
___________________?
She
likes
dancing,
___________________?
They
are
very
tired,
___________________?
The
boys
don’t
know
how
to
turn
on
the
computers.
___________________?
She
can
hardly
speak
English,
________________?
There
is
little
milk
in
the
bottle
,___________________?
考点五：辨析：loud,
aloud,
loudly
loud
adj.
响亮的；大声的既可作副词，也可用作形容词。当副词用时，loudly与loud一样用来说明声音的强度，意思是"高声地，喧噪地"，常放在speak,
shout,
laugh,
talk等后,
只是在动词后面loud比loudly更常用些。他们的反义是：quietly。
侧重给人的感觉，。
1.
The
teacher
spoke
in
a
_____________
voice
2.
Speak___________
while
answering
the
teacher’s
questions.回答老师的问题要大声一点。
aloud
副词“出声地；大声地”，相对于默读而言，强调出声，但声音不一定很大，常与read,
think等连用。aloud与read，
call,
think连用时，表示“出声”，强调发出的声音能被听见，
3.
He
read
the
letter
______________
to
us
4.
The
teacher
asked
him
to
read
this
poem
_____________.老师叫他大声朗读这首诗
loudly
副词“大声地；响亮地”，多含有噪音或喧扰声的意味，有时也含有目的地提高音量，以便让人听见之意，放在所修饰的动词前后均可。比较级
more~
loudly
最高级
most
loudly
5.
Suddenly
she
began
to
shriek
_________.突然她开始大声尖叫起来
6.
Tina
sings
______________________________________
Tara.蒂娜唱歌比塔拉声音大。
考点六：other,the
other,others,the
others,another
the
other?表示两个中“一个……另一个……”，常用结构式为：one...the
other...
the
others?特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”相当于the
other+名词复数，指剩余的全部。
other+n
others=other+名词复数,指剩余的另一些，并非全部。
another+n(单数)泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上中“另一个”。
1.What
_____________
things
can
you
see
in
the
picture.
2.I
have
two
pens.
One
is
red,_____________
is
black.
3.There
are
only
five
students
in
the
classroom.Where
are
_____________?
4.There
are
a
lot
of
people
in
the
park.
Some
are
walking,some
are
looking
at
the
flowers,some
are
boating,_____________
are
running.
5.The
jacket
is
too
small
for
me.Would
you
show
me
_____________
one?
考点七：spend,
pay
,take
,cost
spend-spent-spent
sb.
+spend+时间/金钱+
on
sth.
sb.
+spend
+时间/金钱+in
doing
sth.
pay-paid-paid
sb.
+pay+金钱+for
sb.
cost-cost-cost
sth.
+cost
sb.+金钱
take-took-taken
It
takes/took
sb
+时间+to
do
sth.
1.
I
______10
yuan
for
the
book.
2.
It
________me
3
hours
to
do
homework.
3.
This
new
toy
_______me
a
lot
of
money.
4.
He
_______
too
much
time
on
the
computer.
A.
spends
B.
costs
C.takes
D.
pay
核心语法：形容词的比较级
一、用法
1.
表示两个人或事物作比较时，形容词要用比较级形式,形容词比较级之后常用
than
引出比较的对象。
例：This
pen
is
longer
than
that
one.
这支钢笔比那支长。
New
York
is
bigger
than
Cambridge.
纽约比剑桥大。
2.
表示两者之间的选择，意为“哪一个更……”。
例：Who
is
taller,
Lily
or
Lucy?
莉莉和露西相比,谁更高?
二、形容词比较级的变化
1.
规则变化
变化规则
例词
一般在形容词词尾加-er。
tall-taller
以不发音的字母
e
结尾的形容词,只在词尾加-r。
late-later
以“辅音字母加
y”结尾的形容词,先把
y
变为
i,再加-er。
busy-busier
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，须先双写这个辅音字母再加-er。
fat-fatter摇
big-bigger
2.
不规则变化
原形
比较级
原形
比较级
good,
well
better
many,
much
more
bad/
ill
worse
old
older/
elder
little
less
far
farther/
further
三、形容词比较级前的修饰词
在英语中常修饰比较级的词汇有：much,
a
lot,
a
little,
even,
far
等。
例：Believe
me,
you
really
look
much
better
than
before.
相信我,你看起来真的比以前好多了。
He
is
a
lot
taller
than
me.
他比我高很多。
They
went
there
a
little
later
than
others.他们比其他人去的稍微晚一点儿。
It’s
even
bigger
than
an
island.它甚至比一座岛屿都大。
He
is
far
stronger
than
his
brother.他比他哥哥强壮得多。
四、比较级的常见句型
用法
例句
(1)双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”结构。
China
is
larger
than
Italy.中国比意大利大。
(2)倍数
+
比较级
+
than
The
box
is
three
times
bigger
than
that
one.
这个箱子比那个箱子大三倍。
(3)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
Our
country
is
becoming
stronger
and
stronger.我们的国家正变得越来越强大。
(4)“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。
The
more,
the
better.多多益善。
(5)the+比较级+of
the
two+名词复数
The
taller
of
the
two
boys
is
my
brother.
两个男孩中较高的那一个是我的哥哥。
比较级的使用原则：
(1)自身不进行比较，排除自己的方法是使用
any
other。
例：He
is
taller
than
any
other
boy
in
his
class.
(不能去掉other)
他比他班里的其他任何男孩都高。
(2)比较的对象必须是同类的人或事物。
例：My
name
is
longer
than
yours.
(不能将
yours
写成
you)
我的名字比你的名字长。
同步专练
1.?This
picture
is
______
than
that
one.
A.?beautiful
B.?more
beautiful
C.?most
beautiful
D.?the
most
beautiful
2.?These
flowers
are
______
than
those
ones.
A.?much
beautiful
B.
much
more
beautiful
C.?very
beautiful
D.
as
beautiful
3.?The
Changjiang
River
is
one
of
______
rivers
in
the
world.
A.?long
B.?longer
C.?longest
D.
the
longest
4.?Kate
is
much
earlier
than
______.
A.?I
B.?
me
C.?
my
D.?mine
5.?I
think
it
is
______
older
than
yesterday.
A.?very
B.?much
too
C.
much
D.
quite
6.?This
film
is_____
interesting
than
that
one.
A.?more
B.?much
C.?very
D.?the
most
7.?--Your
English
is
very
good.
--But
my
brother
learns
it
much______
than
I
do.
A.?good
B.?well
C.?better
D.?best
8.?Don't
worry.
Your
mother
will
get_______
.
A.?well
and
well
B.?better
and
better
C.?well
and
better
D.
good
and
well
9.?Egypt
is
one
of________
in
the
world.
A.?the
oldest
country
B.?the
oldest
countries
C.?much
older
country
D.?much
older
countries
10.?The
girl
doesn't
run________
the
boy.
A.?much
faster
as
B.?as
faster
as
C.?more
fast
than
D.?so
fast
as
11.?--Mum,
I
think
I'm
_____to
get
back
to
school.
　--Not
really,
my
dear.
You'd
better
stay
at
home
for
another
day
or
two.
A.?so
well
B.?so
good
C.?well
enough
D.?good
enough
12.?The
students
are
____
young
people
between
the
age
of
sixteen
and
twenty.
A.?most
B.?almost
C.?mostly
D.?almostly
13.?She
told
us
____story
that
we
all
forgot
about
the
time.
A.?such
an
interesting
B.?such
interesting
C.?so
an
interesting
D.?a
so
interesting
14.?Jack's
____brother
is
_____than
him.
A.?
old;
elder
B.?elder;
older
C.?old;
eld
D.?elder;
younger
15.?They
all
looked
at
the
master
____and
felt
quite_____.
A.?sad;
sad
B.?sadly;
sad
C.?sad;
sadly
D.?sadly;
sadly
词汇运用
A）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Tina
is
as______________
(smart)
as
Isabel.
2.The
poor
man
feels
even
__________(bad)
than
before.
3.Ruby
is
______________(funny)
than
me.
4.Bill
is
much
__________(heavy)
than
before.
5.The
_____________(careful)
you
are,
the
___________(good)
grades
you’ll
get.
B）选择方框中的短语，并用其适当形式填空。
be
different
from,
serious
about,
in
fact,
be
good
with,
call...at
6.Tina
is
very
kind.
She
________________
her
classmates.
7.Mike
____________
his
sister.He
is
outgoing
but
his
sister
is
very
quiet.
8.______________,Bill
isn’t
good
at
Chinese
at
all.
9.Li
Ming
__________
his
friend
_________
13986688866
yesterday.
10.Please
be
__________
your
lessons.