2020年高考真题+高考模拟题 专项版解析汇编 英语—— 01 词类、短语辨析 (含教师版)Word版含解析

文档属性

名称 2020年高考真题+高考模拟题 专项版解析汇编 英语—— 01 词类、短语辨析 (含教师版)Word版含解析
格式 zip
文件大小 2.4MB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 通用版
科目 英语
更新时间 2020-08-08 08:42:33

文档简介

1.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
2.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side.
3.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
4.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.
5.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题01
词类(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词)、短语辨析
一、2020年高考真题
1.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)Landing
on
the
moon’s
far
side
is
62
(extreme)
challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意:登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的副词形式,故填extremely。
2.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)The
far
side
of
the
moon
is
of
particular
64
(interesting)
to
scientists
because
it
has
a
lot
of
deep
craters
(环形山),
more
so
65
the
familiar
near
side.
64.【答案】interest
【解析】考查名词。句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,interest是不可数名词,be
of
interest
to
sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65.【答案】than
【解析】考查介词。句意:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more
so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。故填than。
3.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)Data
about
the
moon’s
composition,
such
as
how
69
ice
and
other
treasures
it
contains,
could
help
China
decide
whether
70
(it)
plans
for
a
future
lunar
(月球的)
base
are
practical.
69.【答案】much
【解析】考查形容词。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。
70.【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
4.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)Today
I
tried
cooking
a
simply
dish
myself.
【答案】将simply改为simple
【解析】考查形容词。句意:今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知,此处应用形容词作定语,故将simply改为simple。
5.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)Next
I
broke
the
eggs
into
a
bowl
and
beat
them
quickly
with
chopstick.
【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks
【解析】考查名词复数。句意:下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里,然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词,意为“筷子”,通常以复数形式出现,故将chopstick改为chopsticks。
6.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)After
that
I
poured
oil
into
a
pan
and
turned
off
the
stove,
I
waited
patiently
unless
the
oil
was
hot.
【答案】将off改为on
【解析】考查介词。句意:之后我把油倒进一个平底锅,然后开火。根据I
poured
oil
into
a
pan及常识可知,把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子,所以此处应使用短语turn
on,故将off改为n。
7.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错)"Not
that
way,"my
mom
tried
to
stop
us
but
failed.
【答案】将us改为me
【解析】考查代词。句意:“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我,但是失败了。根据上文可知,是作者一个人做菜,此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”,应使用第一人称单数的宾格,故将us改为me。
8.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Chinese
New
Year
is
a
61
(celebrate)
marking
the
end
of
the
winter
season
and
the
beginning
of
spring.
【答案】celebration
【解析】考查名词。句意:中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。
9.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Oranges:
Orange
trees
are
more
64
decoration;
they
are
a
symbol
of
good
fortune
and
wealth.
【答案】than
【解析】考查短语。句意:桔子树不仅仅是装饰品;more
than不仅仅,不只是。故填than。
10.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Bamboo:
Chinese
love
their
“Lucky
Bamboo”
plants
and
you
will
see
them
often
in
their
homes
and
office.
66
(certain)
during
the
holiday
period,
this
plant
is
a
must.
【答案】Certainly
【解析】考查副词。句意:当然在假期期间,这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语,因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构,用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
11.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)Bamboo
plants
are
associated
67
health,
abundance
and
a
happy
home.
【答案】with
【解析】考查短语。句意:竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be
associated
with与……相联系。故填with。
12.(2020·新课标II卷语法填空)The
69
(beauty)
long
branches
covered
with
pink-colored
buds
(蓓蕾)
make
fantastic
decorations.
【答案】beautiful
【解析】考查形容词。句意:美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾,做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches,用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
13.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)I’m
surely
you’ll
have
a
good
time.
【答案】将surely改为sure
【解析】考查形容词。句意:我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子,此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
14.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)Luckily,
I
will
go
home
in
two
weeks
for
summer
vacations.
【答案】将vacations改为vacation
【解析】考查不可数名词。句意:幸运的是,两周后我就要回家过暑假。分析句子,vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词,后面不可加s表示复数。Summer
vacation
译为“暑期”是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。
15.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)Then
I
can
spare
some
time
to
learn
it
again,
such
that
we
can
practice
together
on
every
day.
【答案】将such改为so
【解析】考查副词。句意:然后我就可以抽出时间重新学习它,这样我们就可以每天一起练习。分析句子,此处应表示“以便;所以”。故将such改为so。
16.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)Then
I
can
spare
some
time
to
learn
it
again,
such
that
we
can
practice
together
on
every
day.
【答案】去掉on
【解析】考查介词。句意:我们就可以每天一起练习。介词on后接的是具体时间。every
day
译为“每一天”,前不能用有任何介词修饰。故on多余,应去掉。
17.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)Best
of
luck
with
yours
learning
kung
fu
in
China.
【答案】将yours改为your
【解析】考查代词。句意:祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子,best
luck
of
you
译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。句中的yours为名词性物主代词,不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。
18.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)See
you
sooner.
【答案】将sooner改为soon
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:希望尽快见到你。See
you
soon
译为“希望尽快见到你”,是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。
19.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)One
day
the
emperor
wanted
to
get
his
portrait
(画像)
done
so
he
called
all
great
artists
to
come
and
present
their
62.
(fine)
work,
so
that
he
could
choose
the
best.
【答案】finest
【解析】考查最高级。句意:一天,皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像,于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来,展示他们最好的作品,以便他挑选最好的。结合句意,皇帝想要画家最好的作品,表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
20.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)Filled
with
64.
(curious),
the
artist
packed
his
bags
and
left.
【答案】curiosity
【解析】考查名词。句意:怀着好奇心,艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词,后跟名词curiosity作宾语,表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。
21.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)As
the
small
boat
moved,
68.
(gentle)
along
the
river
he
was
left
speechless
by
the
mountains
being
silently
reflected
in
the
water.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。句意:当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时,山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语,表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
22.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)The
artist
was
finally
humbled
(谦卑)
by
the
greatest
artist
70.
earth,
Mother
Nature.
【答案】on
【解析】考查介词。句意:这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on
earth。故填on。
23.(2020·江苏卷单项填空)There
will
still
be
lots
of
challenges
if
we
are
to
_____
garbage
in
a
short
time.
A.
clarify
B.
justify
C.
satisfy
D.
classify
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类,仍然会有很多挑战。A.
clarify澄清;B.
justify证明;C.
satisfy
满足;D.
classify分类。根据空后garbage可知,此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。
24.
(2020·江苏卷单项填空)The
outbreak
of
Covid-19
has
meant
an
_____
change
in
our
life
and
work.
A.
absurd
B.
abrupt
C.
allergic
D.
authentic
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发,给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A.
absurd荒谬的;B.
abrupt突然的;C.
allergic过敏的;D.
authentic真实的。根据常识可知,新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。
25.
(2020·江苏卷单项填空)Taking
on
this
challenge
will
bring
you
_____
someone
who
shares
your
interests.
A.
in
exchange
for
B.
in
answer
to
C.
in
contact
with
D.
in
memory
of
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A.
in
exchange
for作为交换;B.
in
answer
to回答;C.
in
contact
with接触,与……有联系;D.
in
memory
of纪念。根据空后someone
who
shares
your
interests及常识可知,此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。
26.
(2020·江苏卷单项填空)This
actor
often
has
the
first
two
tricks
planned
before
performing,
and
then
goes
for
______.
A.
whichever
B.
whenever
C.
wherever
D.
whatever
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧,然后全力以赴。A.
whichever无论哪个;B.
whenever无论何时;C.
wherever无论何地;D.
whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知,此处做goes
for的宾语,指代“任何事情”,whatever符合语境。故选D。
27.
(2020·江苏卷单项填空)The
health
security
systems
of
many
countries
are
undergoing
considerable
______.
A.
reservation
B.
transformation
C.
distinction
D.
submission
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A.
reservation预订;B.
transformation改革,变革;C.
distinction区别;D.
submission提交。根据前文The
health
security
systems可知,此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。故选B。
28.
(2020·江苏卷单项填空)The
speed
of
6G
will
exceed
125
GB/s,
______
a
new
generation
of
virtual
reality.
A.
allowing
for
B.
accounting
for
C.
calling
for
D.
compensating
for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125
GB/s,使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A.
allowing
for使……成为可能,促进……的发生;B.
accounting
for解释;C.
calling
for需要,要求;呼吁;D.
compensating
for补偿。根据空前The
speed
of
6G
will
exceed
125
GB/s可知,125
GB/s
的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。
29.(2020·天津卷单项填空)According
to
Professor
Johnson,
we
don’t
have
to
read
the
book
if
we
don’t
want
to,
as
it
is
______.
A.worthwhile
B.necessary
C.optional
D.serious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法,如果我们不想读这本书,就不必读,因为它是可选择的。A.
worthwhile值得的;B.
necessary必要的;C.
optional
可选择的,选修的;D.
serious严肃的,认真的。根据“we
don’t
have
to
read
the
book
if
we
don’t
want
to”可知,这本书读不读都可以,由此可知,它是“可选择的”。故选C。
30.(2020·天津卷单项填空)I
never
worried
about
my
son
while
I
was
away
because
my
mother
______
him.
A.drank
a
toast
to
B.played
a
joke
on
C.kept
an
eye
on
D.made
an
apology
to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子,因为我母亲会照看他。A.
drank
a
toast
to为……干杯;B.
played
a
joke
on开……的玩笑;C.
kept
an
eye
on照看,留意,密切注视;D.
made
an
apology
to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子,所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境,故选C。
31.(2020·天津卷单项填空)We
offered
to
give
Sharon
a
ride
home,
but
she
______,
saying
that
she
felt
like
walking.
A.understood
B.accepted
C.compromised
D.declined
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家,但她拒绝了,说她想步行回去。A.
understood
理解;B.
accepted接受;C.
compromised妥协;D.
declined谢绝。根据“saying
that
she
felt
like
walking”可知,Sharon想自己回家,所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
32.(2020·天津卷单项填空)For
my
fifth
birthday,
my
mother
baked
me
a
cake
______
a
monkey.
A.in
the
shape
of
B.beyond
the
reach
of
C.at
the
mercy
of
D.on
the
side
of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候,妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A.
in
the
shape
of呈……形状;B.
beyond
the
reach
of超出……的能力之外C.
at
the
mercy
of
受……的支配;D.
on
the
side
of拥护……,站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。
33.(2020·天津卷单项填空)We
can’t
______
buying
a
new
printer
for
our
company.
The
one
we
have
doesn’t
work.
A.take
up
B.carry
out
C.keep
on
D.put
off
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A.
take
up占据;B.
carry
out实施;C.
keep
on
继续;D.
put
off推迟。根据“the
one
we
have
doesn’t
work”可知,我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以,我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
34.(2020·山东卷语法填空)In
the
18th
and
19th
centuries,
36.
(wealth)
people
travelled
and
collected
plants,
historical
objects
and
works
of
art.
【答案】wealthy
【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪,富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people,应使用形容词,做定语。故填wealthy。
35.(2020·山东卷语法填空)As
well
as
looking
at
exhibits,
visitors
can
play
with
computer
simulations
(模拟)
and
imagine
42.
(they)
living
at
a
different
time
in
history
or
43(walking)(walk)through
a
rainforest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
36.(2020·山东卷语法填空)Historical
44.
(accurate)
is
important
but
so
is
entertainment.
【答案】accuracy
【解析】考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要,但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语,位于形容词historical之后,应使用名词,意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
37.(2020·山东卷语法填空)Museums
must
compete
45
people’s
spare
time
and
money
with
other
amusements.
【答案】for
【解析】考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete
for,意为“为了……竞争”。故填for。
38.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Some
time
after
10,000
BC,people
made
the
first
real
attempt
to
control
the
world
they
lived
56.
,through
agriculture.56.
【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意:公元前10000年以后,人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知,“they
lived
_____”应是之前名词the
world
的定语从句,定语从句引导词被省略,可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语,即:they
lived
in
the
world.
live
in+名词,意为“居住在某地”。故填in。
39.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Later,they
learned
to
work
with
the
62.
(season),planting
at
the
right
time
and,in
dry
areas,
63(making)
(make)use
of
annual
floods
to
irrigate(灌溉)their
fields.
【答案】seasons
【解析】考查名词复数。句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子,提示词的词性为为可数名词,应用复数形式。故填seasons。
二、2020届模拟题
1.
(2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)The
naughty
boy
was
so
curious
that
he________his
neck
to
see
what
was
going
on.
A.
fastened
B.
stretched
C.
exposed
D.
strengthened
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:那个淘气的男孩是如此好奇,以至于他伸长脖子,看正在发生什么。A.
fastened
系紧;B.
stretched拉伸,伸展;C.
exposed暴露于;D.
strengthened增强,加强。根据to
see
what
was
going
on,判断出是“伸长脖子”。故选B项。
2.
(2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查)
Animals
are
obviously
______
lower
form
of
life
than
_______
man.
A.
a
;
/
B.
the
;
the
C.
a
;
the
D.
/
;
/
【答案】A
【解析】
考查冠词。第一空表示“一种生命的形式”;第二空man表“人类”,不用冠词。故答案选A。
3.
(2020届天津市和平区高三线下第一次模拟考试)These
reports
give
an
______
rather
than
the
details.
Some
important
things
are
not
included.
A.
mark
B.
account
C.
comment
D.
outline
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些报告给出了梗概而不是细节。一些重要的事情没有包括在内。A.
mark标记;B.
account账户;描述;C.
comment评论;D.
outline概要。根据下文“一些重要的事情没有包括在内。”说明仅仅是给出了概要。故选D。
4.
(
2020届江苏省连云港市赣榆区高三高考仿真训练)
Be
careful
about
the
boundary
between
your
work
and
your
life,
or
your
attitude
and
emotion
in
one
area
will
affect
the
other.
A.
randomly
B.
negatively
C.
confidentially
D.
arbitrarily
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:注意工作和生活的界限,否则你在某一方面的态度和情绪会对另一方面产生负面影响。A.
randomly
随便地,随地的;B.
negatively
消极地,负面地
C.
confidentially
秘密地;D.
arbitrarily
武断地。分析句子,前句提到要分清楚工作和生活,不然相互之间会产生负面影响。故选B项。
5.(2020届天津市滨海七所重点学校高三毕业班联考)The
event
is
a
clear
indication
that
food
safety
is
a
big
problem;
nobody
can
________
all
foods
are
secure
to
us,
but
we
are
sure
that
the
situation
is
turning
for
the
better.
A.
acknowledge
B.
guarantee
C.
identify
D.
clarify
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词。句意:这一事件清楚地表明,食品安全是个大问题;没有人能保证所有的食物对我们都是安全的,但我们确信情况正在好转。A.
acknowledge承认,致谢;B.
guarantee保证;C.
identify识别;D.
clarify澄清。分析句子可知,此处应表示没有人能保证所有的食物对我们都是安全的。结合选项,故选B。
6.(2020届天津市滨海七所重点学校高三毕业班联考)Winning
________
in
the
international
market,
China’s
high-quality
products
have
brought
us
a
good
profit.
A.
regulation
B.
devotion
C.
recognition
D.
insurance
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词。句意:在国际市场上赢得认可,中国的优质产品给我们带来了很好的利润。A.
regulation规章制度;B.
devotion奉献;C.
recognition认可;D.
insurance保险。分析句意可知,此处应表示在国际市场上赢得认可,中国的优质产品给我们带来了很好的利润。结合选项,故选C。
7.
(2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)We
have
to
get
the
economy
under
control
or
it
will____________eat
us
up.
A.
literally
B.
normally
C.
primitively
D.
originally
【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:我们必须设法控制经济,不然它非把我们完全吞噬了不可。A.
literally完全地;B.normally
正常地;C.
primitively最初地;D.
originally原始地。分析句子可知,此处表示强调,意为“完全地”。故选A。
8.(2020届天津市滨海七所重点学校高三毕业班联考)The
majority
of
scientists
are
________
about
their
achievements
no
matter
how
great
they
are,
not
liking
showing
off
on
public
occasions.
A.
curious
B.
particular
C.
modest
D.
anxious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词。句意:大多数科学家对自己的成就都很谦虚,不管他们有多伟大,都不喜欢在公共场合炫耀。A.
curious好奇的;B.
particular特别的;C.
modest谦虚的;D.
anxious焦虑的。分析句意可知,大多数科学家对自己的成就都很谦虚。结合选项,故选C。
9.(2020届天津市滨海七所重点学校高三毕业班联考)Recycling
is
one
way
to
protect
the
environment;
reusing
is
________.
A.
another
B.
the
other
C.
one
another
D.
one
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词用法。句意:回收是保护环境的一种方式,重复使用是另一种方式。another的意思是“另一个,又一个”,非特指;the
other
的意思是“两者中的另一个”是特指;one
another的意思是“互相”;one的意思是“一个”,非特指。此处不是特指,指的是很多种中的另一种,故选A。
10.
(
2020届江苏省连云港市赣榆区高三高考仿真训练)
—Is
nobody
else
going
to_____?
—3.5
million
$!
A.
bid
B.
charge
C.
bargain
D.
evaluate
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:--没有其他人竞标了吗?--350万美元!A.
bid出价;B.
charge索价;C.
bargain讨价还价;D.
evaluate评估。后句为“350万美元”,是一个准确价格,所以前句应提问价格。“bid”表竞标,回答为一个准确的价格。其中“evaluate”表估价,回答一般为一个大概的价格。故选A项。
11.
(2020届天津市和平区高三线下第一次模拟考试)
Careers
Officers
______
contact
with
young
people
when
they
have
left
school
in
case
they
need
help
in
job-hunt.
A.
maintain
B.
dismiss
C.
abandon
D.
hold
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:在年轻人离开学校时Careers
Officers保持与他们联系,以防他们在求职中需要帮助。A.
maintain维持;保持;B.
dismiss解雇;C.
abandon放弃;D.
hold持有。根据下文“以防他们在求职时需要帮助”可推断,职业人员与他们保持联系。故选A。
12.
(2020届天津市和平区高三线下第一次模拟考试)Although
the
main
characters
in
the
fiction
are
so
true
to
life,
they
are
certainly
______.
A.
false
B.
visible
C.
familiar
D.
imaginary
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:虽然小说中的主要人物是如此真实的生活,但他们肯定是虚构的。A.
false假的;B.
visible可见的;C.
familiar熟悉的;D.
imaginary虚构的;想象的。Although引导让步状语从句,前后句是转折关系,与true相对用
13.
(2020届天津市和平区高三线下第一次模拟考试)
The
weather
here
is
great,
with
temperatures
______
from
a
low
of
55°F
to
a
high
of
75
°F
in
the
summer.
A.
range
B.
ranged
C.
to
rang
D.
ranging
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这里的天气很好,夏天的温度从华氏55°到华氏75°不等。分析句子可知,此处是with+宾语+宾语补足语复合结构,temperatures与range是主动关系,故用现在分词作宾语补足语,故选D。
14.
(2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查)
The
quality
of
education
in
this
small
school
is
better
than
______
in
some
larger
schools.
A.
that
B.
one
C.
it
D.
this
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词。句意:这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the
quality
of
education,故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it,
one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来,it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/an+名词,只可代指可数名词;that为特指,相当于the+名词,可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
15.
(2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)The
company
is
running
out
of
its
fund__________and
may
soon
be
unable
to
pay
its
bills.
A.
reserves
B.
sources
C.
incomes
D.
collections
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:该公司的资金储备已经用完,可能很快就无法支付账单。A.
reserves储备;B.
sources来源;C.
incomes收入;D.
collections收集。由下一句may
soon
be
unable
to
pay
its
bills可知,是资金储备用完了,可能才无法支付账单。故选A项。
16.
(2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)
It's
a(n)_________choice
between
taking
the
job
and
staying
out
of
work.Better
not
waste
more
time
on
it!
A.
straight
B.
flexible
C.
intelligent
D.
important
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:干不干这份工作是一个直接的选择,最好不要再这上浪费时间了!A.
straight直接的;B.
flexible灵活的;C.
intelligent聪明的;D.
important重要的。根据“Better
not
waste
more
time
on
it!”可知此处表示“直接的”,故A项正确。
17.
(2020届天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查)
An
artist
who
was
recently
traveling
on
a
ferry
to
the
southern
island
discovered
________
a
long
lost
antique
Greek
vase.
A.
at
random
B.
by
chance
C.
in
turn
D.
on
occasion
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词短语的含义。at
random任意地,随机地;by
chance偶然地;in
turn
依次,轮流,反而;on
occasion有时,偶然。句意:最近,乘渡轮去南部岛屿旅游的一位艺术家发现了一个失传已久的希腊花瓶。
【名师点睛】介词短语辨析是高考常考点。解答这类题目,首先要知道各选项词组的意思,其次要理解题干的意思,然后像数学中的代入法一样,依次把各个选项意思放入句子中进行比较,不难选出正确答案。关键还是在平时学习的过程中,多积累多总结多记忆。
18.
The
youth
like
me
mostly
take
a
liking
to
pop
music
more
than
classical
music,
which
really
______us
.
A.
turns...down
B.
turns...in
C.
turns...over
D.
turns...off
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:像我这样的年轻人大多更喜欢流行音乐而不是让人失去兴趣的古典音乐。A.
turns...down
关小;B.
turns...in上交,归还;C.
turns...over翻转,移交;D.
turns...off关掉,使失去兴趣。这里的定语从句是来修饰classic
music的,相比与流行音乐,古典音乐要无趣一些,会让人失去兴趣。故此题选D。
19.
(
2020届江苏省连云港市赣榆区高三高考仿真训练)Meeting
all
the
______applied
to
Earth’s
seven
other
continents,
Zealandia
is
on
its
way
to
becoming
a
new
continent.
A.
criteria
B.
curricula
C.
data
D.
phenomena
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:符合地球其他七大洲的所有标准,新西兰正在成为一个新的大陆。A.
criteria标准;B.
curricula课程;C.
data数据;D.
phenomena现象。本句前半部分为现在分词作状语,applied
to
Earth’s
seven
other
continents(适用于地球新的七大洲)为后置定语。meet
all
the
criteria为固定搭配,意为“符合所有标准”。故选A。
20.
(2020届江苏省南京市高三第三次模拟)—
Can
you
tell
me
how
to
keep
my
appetite_____________?

Dividing
one
heavy
meal
into
two
smaller
ones
is
helpful.
A.
at
ease
B.
at
peace
C.
in
check
D.
in
secret
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:——你能告诉我怎样才能控制食欲吗?——把一顿大餐分成两顿小餐是有帮助的。A.
at
ease安逸;B.
at
peace处于和平状态;C.
in
check受控制的;D.
in
secret秘密地。结合后文的回答是在建议控制食欲的方法,故提问的是“你能告诉我怎样才能控制食欲吗?”。故选C。
21.
(2020届江苏省南通等苏北七市高三三模)At
the
online
job
fair,
students
can
review
job
opportunities,__________their
CVs
and
have
interviews
remotely.
A.
drop
off
B.
make
up
C.
cut
out
D.
put
away
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:在网上招聘会上,学生可以查看工作机会,投递简历,远程面试。
A.
drop
off放下、递交;B.
make
up编造;C.
cut
out切断;D.
put
away放好。根据空后的“their
CVs
and
have
interviews”可知此处表示“投递简历”,故A项正确。
22.
(2020届江苏省南通等苏北七市高三三模)The
artists
staged
music
and
dances
with
Nantong
features
at
the
folk
festival,
winning
applause_________.
A.
at
will
B.
at
random
C.
at
intervals
D.
at
odds
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意:艺术家们在民间艺术节上表演了南通特色的歌舞,不时地赢得阵阵掌声。A.
at
will任意地;随意地;B.
at
random随机的;C.
at
intervals间或;不时;D.
at
odds有分歧;不一致。根据句意,表演不时地赢得掌声。故选C。
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2

(共
2
页)
HYPERLINK
"http://www.21cnjy.com/"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
同课章节目录