2011年《随堂优化训练》英语 新课标北师大版 必修5 unit 15 warm-up & lesson 1 life-long learning [配套课件]

(共60张PPT)
Unit 15
Learning
Items Studying aims and demands
Words 名 词：arrow, oxygen, ox, spelling, correction, jar,
throat, status, saying, postage, airmail, user，
alphabet, drill, motto, assignment, punishment,
reputation, receiver, pace, angle, triangle，atom,
powder, flame, acid, onion, access, spy, glue, fellow,
thinking, rank, religion, defence, assumption,
shadow, kingdom, civilisation , image,
appreciation, biochemistry, choir
动 词：tick, simplify, swell, suspect, instruct, bury,
distinguish, obey, reflect, select, misunderstand,
pour, lack, spit, drag, acquire, ignore, urge, inspire,
assume, adapt
形容词：secure, blank, chief, conservative,
alternative, slight, loose, mild, outstanding,
worthwhile, worthy, unwilling, conventional, vital,
beneficial
副 词：backwards
代 词：ours
Expressions frankly speaking, lay off, aside from, loose conduct,
to a certain extent, set off, fellow students, be
accustomed to, tend to, approve of, as a whole
Sentences 1.In the past, if someone like me had failed to get
into university through the college exam, he
would have had no chance of getting a degree.
2.So many people think that after you retire,
all you can do is switch off your brain and bury
everything you've ever learnt.
3.It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge
and understanding.
4.What do you think are the advantages and
disadvantages of studying abroad？
Grammar 1.Third Conditional (虚拟条件句)
2.Wish and should have (wish 与 should have done
的用法)
Writing A personal essay (个人随笔)
Life-long learning is a term that is widely used in a variety of
contexts; however, its meaning is often unclear.The term recognizes
that learning is not confined to childhood or the classroom, but
takes place throughout life and in a range of situations.During the
last fifty years, constant scientific and technological innovation and
changes have had a profound effect on learning needs and styles.
In the past, when students graduated from college and
got a job, they usually stopped studying.Today, life-long
learning is becoming more common.In the United States, people
can return to school in their late twenties, thirties, or even older to
get a higher degree, such as a master's degree or Ph.D.Many more
are taking training courses to improve their working skills.With
many classes now available through the Internet, it is easier for
people to get degrees or training by distance learning.
小组讨论
1．Would you like to set up a plan for your life-long learning
2．What should we do facing today's competitive job market
Warm-up & Lesson1 Life-long Learning
The Importance of Life-long Learning
Nowadays, more and more people of various ages and
backgrounds are continuing to study to improve themselves.Here's
what they have to say about their life-long learning experience.
Sun Wen—28 years old
“It's never too late to learn.” That was the advice I got after I
failed my college entrance exam.Now I'm about to graduate from
the School of Conti-nuing Education at Qinghua University with a
Bachelor's
Degree
in
Computer
Engineering
by
distance
learning.Because of my new qualification, I'm getting promoted at
work.
In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into
university through the college exam, he would have had no chance
of getting a degree.But it's different now.I decided to give myself a
second chance by studying for a degree in the evenings and on
weekends while keeping a secure full-time job.Frankly speaking,
the last four years have been hard work, but it's been worth it!
Ms Tang—45 years old
Three months ago, when my manager told me that I would
be laid off, my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.In
the past, if someone had worked for a company for over 20 years,
they would have stayed there until retirement ！I suspect that they
laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still
brought a lump to my throat and made me want to cry.I felt as if I
had done something wrong！I know this isn't true though.It's just the
status of the job market at the moment.
At first, I enjoyed being a full-time housewife and called
myself “CHO” or “chief home officer” ．But soon I got bored and
decided to do a business course.I have always dreamed of starting
my own company.
I have nearly finished the course now and it has been very
helpful.I have learnt so many new skills and have already prepared
a business plan for setting up my own export company！I think that
getting laid off will prove to be the best thing that ever happened to
me.
Grandpa Chen—75 years old
I'm sure you all know the saying，“You can't teach an old dog
new tricks.” Well, it's certainly not true ！ I'm an old dog, and I'm
teaching myself new tricks every day!
It all started a few months ago when postage went up.I'd been
sending letters by airmail to my daughter in the US once a week,
but, suddenly, it was too expensive.I decided that it was time I
became an Internet user.I got my grandson to instruct me on how to
email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my
messages get sent and answered.And aside from emailing, it's fun to
see and talk to my grandchildren in the US on the i-Cam.In the past,
if I'd wanted to see them, I would have had to visit them in person.
So many people think that after you retire, all you can do is
switch off your brain and bury everything you've ever learnt.This is
so wrong!
Anyway, it's time for me to go now.I have to practise the
alphabet！I'm doing an English course on the Internet.
终生学习的重要性
当今，越来越多不同年龄、不同背景的人在不断地学习以
提高自己。下面是他们对自己终生学习经历的描述。
孙文——28 岁
“学习永远都不会太晚”，这是我在高考失败后得到的忠
告。现在我即将从清华大学的继续教育学院毕业，通过远程教
育课程获得计算机工程专业的学士学位。因为我拥有的新资质，
我在工作上得以晋升。
过去，像我这样不能通过高考而进入大学的人是没有机会
拿到学位的。但是现在不同了。我决定再给自己一次机会，在
保持一份稳定的全职工作的同时，利用晚上和周末的时间学习
以取得学位。坦白地说，过去的四年一直很辛苦，但是很值得！
唐女士——45 岁
三个月前，当经理告诉我，我将要下岗时，我的脑子一片
空白，心中充满愤怒。在过去，如果一个人为一家公司工作了
20 多年，他就会留在公司里直到退休！我怀疑他们裁掉我是因
为公司经营得不是很好，但这仍然使我喉头哽咽，让我想哭。
我感觉好像自己犯了错似的！然而我知道这并不是我的错，这
只是由于当时劳务市场的状况。
起初，我很享受做一名全职家庭主妇的生活，并称呼自己
为“CHO”或“chief home officer (家政主管)”，但不久我就厌烦
了，我决定去进修一门商业课程。我一直梦想着开一家自己的
公司。
现在我几乎要完成课程了，它非常有帮助。我学会了许多
新技能，而且已经准备了一份商业计划，建立自己的出口公司！
我觉得被裁员将证明是在我身上发生的最好的一件事情。
陈爷爷——75 岁
我肯定你们都知道这句格言：“你不能教一只老狗学会新把
戏。”好了，这句话确实错了！我是老了，但我每天都在自学新把
戏！
这一切开始于几个月前，当邮费价格上涨的时候。过去我每
周给在美国的女儿寄一次航空信件，但现在突然一下太贵了。我觉
得该是成为互联网用户的时候了。于是我让孙子教我怎样收发电子
邮件和使用互联网。我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。而且，
除了收发电子邮件，能在网络视频上看到我在美国的孙辈们并与之
交谈也很有意思。过去，如果我想见到他们，我就不得不亲自去他
们那里。
许多人认为退休后你所能做的就是不动脑筋，将所学的一切抛
在一边。这是不对的！
不管怎样，我现在得走了。我要去练习英语了！我正在网上进
修一个英语课程。
一、阅读理解
1．Which of the following statements about Sun Wen is TRUE
______
B
A．After he had failed his college entrance exam, he went to a
high school to study again.
B ． Although he couldn't succeed in passing the college
entrance exam, he will still get a degree.
C．He is studying for a degree by distance learning full-time.
D．He works in the evenings and on weekends part-time.
2．When Ms Tang was laid off, ________.
B
A．she knew she had done something wrong
B．she became very calm
C．she looked pretty fed up
D．she was told that the company was not doing so well
3 ． What does the saying “You can't teach an old dog new
tricks.” mean ______
C
A．It is very hard to train a dog professionally.
B．It is difficult to get rid of a bad habit.
C．It is often difficult to get old people to try new ways.
D ． The old are not intelligent enough to accept new
happenings.
4 ．The following are the reasons why Grandpa Chen became
an Internet user except ________.
D
A．the postage went up a few months ago
B．it was convenient for him to keep in touch with his daughter
in America
C．he did not need to see his daughter and his grand-children in
person through the Internet
D．he retired and had nothing to do
5．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the
text ________
A
A ． Many people of various ages and backgrounds are
continuing to study to improve themselves at present.
B ． Sun Wen will graduate from Qinghua University with a
Master's Degree in Civil Engineering by distance learning.
C．Now Ms Tang is a full-time housewife.
D．Grandpa Chen learned how to use the Internet by himself.
二、概括课文大意(30 词左右)
当今时候，越来越多的人意识到学习的重要性，所以许多
不同年龄、不同背景的人都尽力地去寻找不同的方式进修以提
高自己。
Nowadays, more and more people realize the importance of
study, so a lot of people of various ages and backgrounds try to find
different ways to continue learning to upgrade themselves.
【答案】
Because of my new qualification, I'm getting promoted
at work.(P36, Para 2)因为我拥有的新资质，我在工作上得以晋
升。
1．qualification n．资格，资历
点拨
qualification 除了有“资格，资历”的意思，还可意
为“限制，限定性条件”。如：
He has no qualification for this job.
他没有资格从事这项工作。
I can recommend him for the post without qualification. 我愿
意无条件地推荐他担任该职。
拓展
qualify v．使具备资格
be qualified to do sth.有资格做某事
运用
完成句子
After __________________ (获得资格), he ____________
(有资格) teach Japanese.
getting the qualification
is qualified to
I decided to give myself a second chance by studying
for a degree in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a
secure full-time job.(P36, Para 3)我决定再给自己一个机会，在
保持一份稳定的全职工作的同时，利用晚上和周末的时间学习
以取得学位。
2．secure adj.稳定的，无忧无虑的
vt.使安全；保卫
典例
The document shall be kept in a secure place.
文件应保管在安全的地方。
Some measures are needed to secure the farmland against the
shifting sand.
应采取措施确保农田免受流沙侵袭。
拓展
be secure of 对……有把握；确信
feel secure about
对……(觉得)放心
secure...from/against 使……免受(侵害等)
运用
完成句子
(1)The workers need ________________ (一把稳固的梯子)．
(2)I ______________ (确信) his coming.
(3)He will ____________ ( 保 证 ) there will be no
difficulty.
a secure ladder
am secure of
secure that
Frankly speaking, the last four years have been hard
work, but it's been worth it！(P36, Para 3)坦白地说，过去的四
年一直很辛苦，但是很值得！
3．frankly speaking 老实说，说实话
典例
Frankly speaking, I don't think the plan will succeed.坦
白地说，我认为这个计划不会成功。
拓展
generally speaking 一般来说
exactly speaking 准确地说
strictly speaking 严格地说
运用
完成句子
Strictly speaking
(1)________________ (老实说), I don't care.
(2)_______________ (严格地说), he's not qualified for the job.
Frankly speaking
Three months ago, when my manager told me that I
would be laid off, my mind went blank and my heart swelled
with anger.(P36, Para 4)三个月前，当经理告诉我，我将要下岗
时，我的脑子一片空白，心中充满愤怒。
4．lay off 裁员；解雇
典例
The company laid off 100 workers last week.
这个公司上周解雇了一百名工人。
拓展
lay down 放下
lay aside 把……搁置起来；积蓄
运用
完成句子
(1)My mother ___________ (下岗) last year.
laid down
(2)They ___________(放下了) their arms.
5．go blank 变得一片空白
点拨
go blank 为系表结构。如：
My mind went completely blank and I forgot what I was to do.
我的脑子一片空白，连我要做什么都忘记了。
运用
完成句子
WhenI heard the shocking news, my mind __________
(一片空白)．
went blank
was laid off
I suspect that they laid me off because the company
was not doing that well...(P36, Para 4)我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为
公司经营得不是很好……
6．suspect
v．怀疑
n．[C]可疑分子，嫌疑犯
典例
I suspected that there was something wrong with the
engine.我怀疑发动机出了毛病。
Two suspects in connection with the robbery were arrested
today.
与抢劫有关的两个嫌疑人今天被逮捕了。
拓展
suspect sb. of (doing) sth .怀疑某人(做)某事
suspect that...怀疑……
运用
完成句子
(1)I ________________ (怀疑他) taking away that bag.
(2)Bill's mother ________________ (怀疑) Bill did it.
(3)The police have taken ___________( 嫌疑犯) to the
police station.
suspected him of
suspected that
the suspect
7．instruct v．指导，教导
典例
My job is to instruct her in English.
我的工作是教她英语。
拓展
instruct sb.in sth.在某方面教导某人
instruct sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事
I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and
use the Internet...(P36, Para 8)于是我让孙子教我怎样收发电子
邮件和使用互联网……
(4)direct 意为“指导，指挥，指示”， 多指权威性地指导。
运用
完成句子
(1)Mr.White _____________(教我们) maths.
(2)He ________________ (吩咐我) deliver it to a customer.
instructs us in
instructed me to
辨析
instruct/order/command/direct
(1)instruct 意为“指导，教导；指示，命令”， 属于正式
用语， 强调“有系统地指导”。
(2)order 为常用词，多用于非正式或个人之间下的命令。
(3)command 指“权威方面正式下令”。
8．aside from (＝apart from) 除……之外
典例
Aside from them, I had no one to talk to.
除了他们之外，我没有其他说话的人。
运用
完成句子
________________ (除……之外) English, I have finished all
my homework.
Aside/Apart from
And aside from emailing, it's fun to see and talk to my
grandchildren in the US on the i-Cam.(P36, Para 8)而且，除了
收发电子邮件，能在网络视频上看到我在美国的孙辈们并与之
交谈也很有意思。
9．in person (＝personally/oneself)亲自
典例
You may apply for tickets in person or by letter.
你可以亲自来申请也可来信索票。
拓展
on one's own (＝by oneself)独自，独立
运用
完成句子
on his own/by himself
(1)He decided to go to Africa ____________________(独自)．
(2)You needn't have come ___________________________(亲自)．
in person/personally/yourself
In the past, if I'd wanted to see them, I would have
had to visit them in person.(P36, Para 8)过去，如果我想见到他
们，我就不得不亲自去他们那儿。
本课时单词 拓展词汇 构词法小结
correction n．
改正，改进 correct adj.正确的；
合适的
vt.改正，纠正 1.-tion 和-ity 为名词后缀，表示
“性质，状态，过程，结果”。
如：
construction 建设； reality 现
实。
2．-ous 为形容词后缀，表示
“属于……的，有……性质
的”。如：anxious 焦急的；
curious 好奇的。
3．-or 为名词后缀，表示人或
行为者。如：protector
secure adj.稳定
的；无忧无虑 的 security n．安全
suspect v．怀 疑 suspicious adj.怀疑
的；可疑的
instruct v．
指导，教导 instruction n．命令，
指示；说明
instructor n．导师；
教练
保护者。
运用
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Always read the __________ (instruct) on the bottle carefully
and take the right amount of medicine.
2 ．Please look at the __________(corret) which I've written in
your essay.
3．I'm ________ (suspect) of the government's intentions.
4 ． Two guards looked after the________ (secure) of the
property.
instructions
corrections
suspicious
security
1．Nowadays, more and more people of various ages and
backgrounds arecontinuing to study to improve themselves.(P36,
Para 1)当今，越来越多不同年龄、不同背景的人在不断地学习
以提高自己。
点拨
“be of＋表示年龄(age)、大小(size)、颜色(color)、
重量(weight)、高度(height)、
价格(price)、意见(opinion)、形
状 (shape) 、 种 类 (kind) 和 方 法 (way) 等 的 名 词 ” 表 示 “ 具
有……”，说明主语的特征。如：
When I was of your age, I entered the war.
当我在你这个年龄的时候，我去打仗了。
These flowers are of different colors.
这些花的颜色都不同。
注意：在此结构中，如果后面的名词前有不定冠词 a/an，
则这个冠词相当于 the same。如：
The two boys are of an/the same age.
这两个男孩同龄。
运用
完成句子
(1)He has several shirts ________________ (不同颜色的)．
(2) He likes to play with the boys ________________ ( 同 龄
的)．
of different colors
of an/the same age
2 ． In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into
university through the college exam, he would have had no
chance of getting a degree.(P36, Para 3)过去，像我这样不能通
过高考而进入大学的人是没有机会拿到学位的。
点拨
此句是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，所叙述的是
非 真 实 的 情 况 ， 其 结 构 为 “( 从 句 )if ＋ 过 去 完 成 时 ， ( 主
句)should/would/could/might＋have done”。如：
If I had felt better at that time, I would have come to the
meeting.
如果当时我感觉好些的话，我就会去参加会议了。
运用
完成句子
If you ________________ ( 更努力学习), you ___________
________________
(考试通过了).
had worked harder
would have
3 ．I decided to give myself a second chance by studying
for a degree in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a
secure full-time job.(P36, Para 3)我决定再给自己一次机会，在
保持一份稳定的全职工作的同时，利用晚上和周末的时间学习
以取得学位。
passed the exam
点拨
句中的“while keeping a secure full-time job”是状
语从句的省略形式，此处省略了 I was。 状语从句的省略有两
种情况：
(1)当从句主语和主句主语一致，且含有系动词 be 时，从句
可省去主语和系动词 be。如：
If (you are) uncomfortable, you can go home first.
如果你不舒服，你可以先回家。
(2)从句的主语是 it，谓语动词是 be 动词时，从句可省去 it 和
be 动词。如：
When (it is) necessary, you can help us to do something.
当有必要时，你可以帮助我们做一些事。
运用
完成句子
(1)She doesn't know what to say ________________ (当见到)
the foreigners.
When meeting
(2)________________ ( 如果可能的话) she wants to go with
us.
If possible
4．You can't teach an old dog new tricks.(P36, Para 7)你不
能教一只老狗学会新把戏(或：老狗学不了新把戏)。
点拨
在西方，狗被看作是人类最好的朋友 (man's best
friend)。在英语中，由动物构成的短语诙谐幽默、妙趣横生并且
寓意深刻。如：
Every dog has its day.凡人皆有得意之时。
It rains dogs and cats.倾盆大雨。
Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌。
运用
完成句子
You are a ________________ (幸运儿)．
5 ．So many people think that after you retire, all you can
do is switch off your brain and bury everything you've ever
learnt.(P36, Para 9) 许多人认为退休后你所能做的就是不动脑
筋，将所学的一切抛在一边。
lucky dog
点拨
当主语部分含有实义动词 do 的某种形式时，be 动
词后的不定式可以省略 to。如：
The only thing he did in class was nod in sleep.
他上课时所做的唯一一件事就是打瞌睡。
拓展
be 动词后不定式 to 的省略和“do nothing but do”句型
可以互相转换。如：
All she does is complain.
＝She can do nothing but complain.她就知道抱怨。
运用
完成句子
The only thing ____________________ ( 他做的就是吃和睡) all
day.
＝He _______________________ (除了吃和睡没做别的) all day.
he did was eat and sleep
did nothing but eat and sleep
1．精彩文段采撷
“It's never too late to learn.” That was the advice I got after I
failed my college entrance exam.Now I'm about to graduate from
the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a
Bachelor's
Degree
in
Computer
Engineering
by
distance
learning.Because of my new qualification, I'm getting promoted at
work.“学习永远都不会太晚”，这是我在高考失败后得到的忠
告。现在我即将从清华大学的继续教育学院毕业，通过远程教
育课程获得计算机工程专业的学士学位。因为我拥有的新资质，
我在工作上得以晋升。
2．解析
主题句：It's never too late to learn.(谚语或名言)
拓 展 句 ：That was the advice I got after I failed my college
entrance exam.(进一步说明主题句)
次要拓展句 1：Now I'm about to graduate from the School of
Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelor's
Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.(举例说明主
题句)
次要拓展句 2 ：Because of my new qualification, I'm getting
promoted at work.(进一步说明拓展句)
3．仿写
原作文材料
主题句：“时间就是金钱”，这句话我认为不正确。
拓展句 1：我们能够靠工作赚钱。
拓展句 2：许多人不知爱惜时光。
拓展
主题句：“时间就是金钱”，这句话我认为不正确。
拓展句 1：我们能够靠工作赚钱，(次要拓展句)但无论如何
都无法把时间争取回来。
拓展句 2：许多人不知爱惜时光，(次要拓展句)这确实是可
惜的。我们必须记住浪费时间就等于浪费生命。
【参考范文】
An English proverb says that time is money.I consider it
wrong.Why Because we all know that we can earn money by work
but can not in any way get back time.For this reason, we may say
that time is more valuable than money.Many people do not know
the value of time.It is indeed a great pity.We must bear in mind that
wasting time is equal to wasting our life.
虚拟条件句
一、虚拟条件句的概念
虚拟条件句表示所说的话是非真实的或者不可能发生的情
况，它是一种愿望、建议或者与事实相反的假设等。
二、虚拟条件句的种类
虚拟条件句有以下三种情况：与现在事实相反；与过去事
实相反；与将来事实相反。虚拟条件句的基本结构如下：
虚拟情况 从句谓语动词时态 主句谓语动词时态
与现在事实相反 一般过去时
(be 动词用 were) would/should/could/might
＋动词原形
与过去事实相反 过去完成时 would/should/could/might
＋have done
与将来事实相反 一般过去时/were
to/should＋动词原形 would/should/could/might
＋动词原形
其中，情态动词的选用由所表达的意义决定：would(会)表
示可能； should (应该)表示义务或责任； could (能够)表示具备
条件； might 表示主观可能。如：
If it hadn't been so hot last summer, we couldn't have sold so
many air-conditioners.
要是去年夏天没那么热，我们就不可能卖那么多空调。
If he had known more about what was going on, he might have
decided what to do.
要是他对将要发生的事情知道的更多，他可能就能决定做
什么。
If I had a camera, I would take some pictures of the beautiful
scenery.
要是我有一台照相机，我肯定会拍些美景的照片。
If Ann were to admit it, I shouldn't quarrel with her.
要是安承认，我就不应该与她争吵。
1．错综时间条件句(混合条件句)
当主句和从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句的
谓语形式会因时间的不同而不同(应对方法：熟记虚拟条件句三
种情况中主从句的谓语形式的变化)。如：
If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student
now.要是你之前努力学习，现在就是一名大学生了。
2．if 省略句
虚拟条件句中的 if 从句部分如果含有 were/should/had, 可
将 if 省略，再把 were/should/had 提到从句句首，变为倒装句式。
如：
If I were at school again, I would study harder.
→Were I at school again, I would study harder.
要是我再上学，我将会更努力学习。
If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.
→Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.
要是你早点来，就可以赶上这趟公交车了。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
→Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
要是明天下雨，我们就不去爬山。
注意：若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式，则不能
用动词的缩写形式。如：
Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.(√)
Weren't it for the expense, I would go abroad now.(×)
要不是因为费用问题，我现在就出国了。
3．含蓄条件句
含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其
他手段来暗示虚拟条件句。这类隐含式的虚拟条件句往往都可
以转化为由 if 引导的条件句。
(1)由介词或介词短语暗示虚拟结构。常见的介词或介词短
语有：without (没有), but for (要不是)等。如：
Without electricity ( ＝If there were no electricity), human life
would quite different today.
要是没有电，人类今天的生活将会不一样。
But for the meeting ( ＝ If it hadn't been for the meeting), I
would have gone to your party last night.
要不是那个会议，昨晚我就去参加你的聚会了。
(2)由并列连词或副词暗示虚拟结构。常见的并列连词或副
词有：but, or, otherwise (要不然)等。如：
I would have gone to America with my friend, but I was
stopped by my mother.
要不是我妈妈阻止，我肯定和朋友去美国了。
He didn't get up earlier this morning; otherwise, he would have
caught the first bus.
今早他要是早点起床，他肯定能赶上第一趟班车。
三、其他类型的虚拟条件句
1．表示命令、要求、建议、坚持的动词后接的宾语从句为
虚拟条件句
此时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，其中
should 可省去。这样的动词有： 一个坚持 (insist)，两个命令
(order, command)，三个建议 (advise, suggest, propose)，四个要
求 (demand, require, request, desire)等。如：
He insisted that we (shoud) walk to there.
他坚持要求我们走路去那儿。
这些动词相应的名词形式后接表语从句、同位语从句时，
谓语动词也用“(should)＋动词原形”形式。如：
My advice is that you (should) practice speaking English as
often as possible.
我的建议是你应该尽可能经常地练习说英语。
The suggestion that education (should) be reformed is
reasonable.教育必须改革这个建议是合理的。
2.主语从句为虚拟条件句
在句型“It is
necessary/important/impossible/natural/strange/surprising/funny/
right/wrong/a pity/no wonder＋that 主语从句”中，从句的谓语
动 词 要 用 “(should ＋ ) 动 词 原 形 ” 。 如 ： It's important that
everybody (should) know all the facts.所有人都要知道真相，这很
重要。
3．状语从句为虚拟条件句
由 as if 或 as though 引导的状语从句可以用陈述语气表
示可能的或与事实相符的情况，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事
实不符或与事实相反的情况。如：
The teacher treats the pupil as if/though he were her own child.
这位老师把学生当成自己的孩子一样对待。
It looks as if/though it's going to rain.
天好像要下雨了。
4．定语从句为虚拟条件句
“It is (high) time (that)．..”句型中，定语从句的谓语动词
用过去式或“should＋动词原形(其中 should 不能省略)”。此句
型意为“(现在)该……”，用来表示提议。如：
It is (high) time that you went/should go to school.
是你去上学的时候了。
5．if only 引导的感叹句为虚拟条件句
If only I were a flying bird!
＝How I wish I were a flying bird!
我要是只飞翔的鸟就好了！
一、同义句转换
1 ． It is necessary for college students to master at least one
foreign language.
It
is
necessary
_______
college
students
at least one foreign language.
2．Without sunlight, there would be neither plants nor animals.
________________ sunlight, there would be neither plants nor
animals.
3．She insisted on translating the sentence in this way.
She insisted that the sentence __________________ in this way.
____________
that
(should) master
If there were no
(should) be translated
4．The students suggested going there on foot.
The students suggested __________________ there on foot.
5．She suggested that we should take his help.
__________________ is that we ________________ his help.
6．Lucy didn't come to class today because she didn't feel well.
____________ well, Lucy ________________
to class today.
7．I don't know French, so I can't talk to the French friends.
If I _________ French, I _______talk to
the French friends.
they (should) go
(should) take
would
have come
Knew
could
Her suggestion
Had she felt
8 ． He didn't take his parents' advice and he is not a college
student now.
If
he
__________
his
parents'
advice,
he
student now.
9．The professor helped me a lot and I finished the work.
I couldn't ___________ the work __________the professor's help.
10．It's 10 o'clock now.We should start out.
It's (high) time that we _____________________.
_________
a college
had taken
would be
have finished
without
should start/started out
二、完成句子
1．He completely ignored all these facts,
____________________________( 好像它们根本不存在似
的)．
2．I think ___________________________________________
___________ (是她拿定主意的时候了)．
3．If only my friend _________________ (和我一起在这儿) now!
4．She suggested that __________________________________
(我们每天写英文日记)．
5 ． The
picture
exhibition
was
very
boring;
I
______________________ (要是没去就好了)．
as if/though they had never existed
it is high time that she made up her mind/should make
mind
up her
were here with me
we (should) keep English diary every day
wish I had not been there