Module
6
The
Internet
and
Telecommunications
高考话题词句积累（人与社会---网络交流）
一、话题词汇
keyboard
n.
键盘
monitor
n.
监视器；显示屏
mouse(pl.mice)n.
（计算机）鼠标
tablet
personal
computer
平板电脑
portable
computer
便携式电脑
printer
n.
打印机
屏幕
screen
n.
hardware
n.
硬件
software
n.
软件
system
n.
系统；体系
data
n.
数据；资料
database
n.
数据库
Internet
n.
互联网
network
n.
网络
website
n.
网址
cyberspace
n.
网络空间
e-mail
n.
电子邮件
Vt
发送电子邮件
connect
v
t.
连接；把·联系起来
convenient
adj.
便利的；方便的
instant
adj.
立即的；即时的
worldwide
adj.
遍及全球的；世界范围的
virtual
net
虚拟网
high-speed
broadband
networks
高速宽带互联网
with
the
popularity
of
the
Internet
随着网络的普及
download
n.&vt.
下载
calculate
vt.
计算；核算；推测
click
vt.
点击
insert
vt.
插入
delete
.vt
删除
blog
n.
博客
vi
写博客
WeChat
n.
微信
digital
adj.
数字的
surf
the
Internet
上网冲浪
have
access
to/be
accessible
to
能使用
IT=information
technology
信息技术
search
engine
搜索引擎
distract
one's
attention
分散某人的注意力
have
a
negative
effect
有负面影响
electronic
books
电子读物
text
message
手机短信
account
账号
address
地址
address
book
地址簿
browse
浏览
bandwidth
带宽
client
客户程序
chat
聊天
browser
浏览器
copyright
版权
cracker
黑客
system
administrator
系统管理员
keyword
关键字
server
Web服务器
virus
病毒
username
用户名
text
transfer
文本传输
gateway
网关
search
engine
搜索引擎
private
key
个人密钥
player
播放器
online
在线，联机
subscribe
订阅
modem
调制解调器
log
in
登录
核心词汇识记
1.
________
n.接近；通路
vt.接近；存取→________
adj.可进入的；可使用的
2.
________
v．防护；防卫→________
n．保护；防卫
3.
________
vt.创造；发明→________
n．创造(力)→________
adj.有创造性的
4.
________
v．发明→
________
n．发明→________
n．发明者
5.
________
vt.允许
n．许可证→________
n．许可
6.
________
vi.集中(注意力、思想等)→________
n．集中；专心
7.
________
v．依靠；依赖→________
adj.独立的→________
n．独立
8.
________
adj.频繁的；经常发生的→________
adv.时常；经常
→_______
n．出现率；重复率
9.
________
n．优点；长处→
________
n．弊端；缺点
三、写作佳句
1.I
am
convinced
that
human
is
able
to
use
the
Internet
properly
and
scientifically.
我相信，人类能够正确地、科学地使用互联网。
2.I
believe
I
can
use
the
Internet
very
well
as
long
as
I
know
how
to
control
myself.
我相信只要我知道如何控制自己，我就能很好地使用互联网。
3.Using
an
iPad,we
can
listen
to
music,download
a
lot
of
learning
materials
and
read
them
on
the
screen.
使用iPad,我们可以听音乐，下载许多学习资料和在屏幕上阅读。
4.With
the
development
of
the
Internet,many
individuals
favour
online
shopping
because
it
is
more
convenient
and
can
save
time.
随着互联网的发展，很多人喜欢网上购物，因为它更方便而且能节省时间。
5.However,no
matter
how
attractive
the
Internet
is,we
shouldn't
be
separated
from
our
loved
ones.
然而，无论网络对我们的吸引力有多大，我们都不应该与我们所爱的人分开。
单元话题写作
人们对于学生网上交友持不同意见。请你用英语写一篇关于学生网上交友的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。
赞成的理由
反对的理由
你的看法
1.广交朋友
2.可自由表达思想3.利于外语学习
1.浪费时间
2.影响学习
3.可能上当受骗
？
写作指导
观点对比类书面表达
对同一件事情，人们常有不同的看法，即正反两种观点。在写作时，常使用一般现在时。写作格式一般是：提出问题→两种不同观点→对两种不同观点的论据（理由）逐项作对比。有时题目会要求说出自己的观点，可在结尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由，最好不要重复前面的已谈到的理由。写作方式一般采用集中比较。
常用段落结构：
Para.
One
抛出话题,
给出简单介绍；
Para.
Two
介绍正方观点和反方观点
Para.
Three
进行总结或提出自己观点
Para
One
1.
We
had
a
discussion/
survey
about
(on)…
2.
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
a
discussion
we
have
had
about…
3.
We
have
had
a
heated
debate
on…
4.
There
are
two…
One
is…,
and
the
other
is…
5.
Opinions
are
divided
into
two
groups
on
this
issue.
Para.
Two
1.
Some
people
are
for/
are
in
favor
of/
support
the
idea.
2.
Some
people
think
/
believe
it
necessary
to…
3.
According
to
some
students,
we
should…
4.
They
are
of
the
opinion
that…
5.
They
think
that…
6.
Some
other
people
are
against/
don’t
support……
7.
Others
have
different
opinions.
8.
Others
argue
that……
9.
But
not
everyone
agrees
with
this
idea.
Para.
Three
如何表达个人看法
1.
in
short/
in
conclusion/
in
summary
2.
in
my
view/
from
my
point
of
view
3.
Both
of
the
opinions
are
reasonable,
but
I
prefer…
4.
No
agreement
has
been
reached
yet.
5.
Everything
has
its
two
sides.
6.
Everything
has
its
advantages
and
disadvantages
正反观点对比常用句型
1.
We
have
a
discussion
about…
我们对……进行了一次讨论。
We’ve
had
a
discussion
about
whether
an
entrance
fee
should
be
charged
for
parks.
2.
We
have
had
a
survey
on…
我们对……开展了一次调查。
We’ve
had
a
survey
on
whether
students
should
be
allowed
to
carry
mobile
phones
to
schools.
3.
Opinions
are
divided
on
the
question.
在这个问题上意见有分歧。
4.
Opinions
are
mainly
divided
into
two
groups.
有两种不同意见。
5.
Others
have
different
opinions.
其他人有不同看法。
5.
Sixty
percent
of
the
students
are
for
the
idea,
while
forty
percent
of
the
students
think
otherwise.
有60%的学生支持这个观点，然而有40%的学生则不这样认为。
6.
Sixty
percent
of
the
students
think
it
necessary
to…,
but
forty
percent
of
the
students
don’t
think
so.
60%的学生认为……是必须的，而40%的学生则不这样认为。
7.
On
the
one
hand,
…
On
the
other
hand,
…
一方面……，另一方面……
8.
在提出多个论据时，也可用First,
…Second,
…
Third,
…
来列举论据。
常用的关联词语
表并列：and,
as
well
as,
not
only…but
also…,
on
one
hand…,
on
the
other
hand…
表转折：but,
yet,
although,
however,
instead,
on
the
contrary,
while…
表因果：since,
as,
because
(of)
,
so,
therefore（因而）,
thus（因而）,
for
this
reason
（由于这个原因）,
as
a
result
课文预习（第一篇）
阅读理解
1.What
does
the
first
paragraph
mainly
talk
about?
A.The
development
of
the
Internet.
B.How
to
use
the
World
Wide
Web.
C.How
the
Internet
started.
D.What
the
Internet
is.
2.DARPA
made
it
possible
for
all
their
computers
to"talk"
to
each
other
A.by
radio
B.through
the
telephone
C.on
TV
D.by
cellphone
3.Which
of
the
following
statements
about
Tim
Berners-
Lee
is
NOT
true?
A.He
built
his
first
computer
using
an
old
television.
B.He
designed
the
first"web
browser".
C.He
is
a
scientist
and
once
worked
in
Switzerland.
D.He
has
become
one
of
the
thousands
of
millionaires.
4.According
to
the
text,
A.in
1999,the
NSF
joined
DARPANET
to
NSFNET
to
form
the
Internet
B.the
US
army
created
a
network
of
computers
C.universities
probably
began
to
use
the
Internet
in
the
middle
of
the
1980s
D.NSFNET
was
used
for
15
years
5.It
is
true
that
Berners-Lee
A.made
it
possible
for
everyone
to
use
the
Internet
B.has
made
a
lot
of
money
from
his
invention
C.has
created
thousands
of
millionaires
D.built
the
first
television
of
the
world
语篇填空
The
Internet
is
the
biggest
source
of
information
in
the
world,and
it's
1
（access)through
a
computer.It
2
（consist)of
millions
of
pages
of
data.
In
1969,DARPA
3
（develop)a
way
for
all
their
computers
to＂talk"to
each
other.For
15
years,only
the
US
army
could
use
this
system
of
communication.In
1984,the
US
NSF
started
the
NSFNET
network.NSFNET
became
known
4
the"Internet",and
it
became
possible
for
universities
to
use
the
system
as
5In
1989,Berners-Lee
came
up
6
the
idea
of
the
World
Wide
Web.Berners-Lee
made
it
possible
for
everyone
to
use
the
Internet.He
7
（design)the
first＂web
browser",which
allowed
computer
users8
（access)documents
from
other
computers.Everyone
can
access
the
Internet
9
（use)
his
system.At
the
moment,about
80
percent
of
web
traffic
is
in
English,but
this
percentage
10
（go)
down.By
2020,much
web
traffic
could
be
in
Chinese.
课文预习（第二篇）
阅读理解
1.Mobile
phone
users
use
emoticons
to
show
A.how
happy
they
are
B.what
they
are
doing
C.how
sad
they
are
D.how
they
feel
2.When
you
read
an
emoticon,you
have
to
read
it
A.
sideways
B.in
the
opposite
way
C.from
another
direction
D.in
the
usual
way
3.The
emoticon:-)means
A.sad
B.asleep
C.shocked
D.laughing
语篇填空
1
（talk)on
a
mobile
phone
is
expensive,so
a
lot
of
people
send
text
messages.Text
messages
are
much
2
（cheap)than
talking
on
a
mobile
phone.You
can
make
it
even
cheaper
by
3
（shorten)the
words
4
you
use.You
can
do
this
by
taking
out
5
（important)letters
in
the
words
and
using
numbers
instead
6
words.You
can
also
avoid
7
（use)punctuation
like
inverted
commas.8
series
of
symbols
has
9
（develop)to
show
how
mobile
phone
users
feel.They
are
called
emoticons.For
example,if
you
want
to
tell
a
joke
in
a
text
message,you
can
follow
it
with
a
10
（smile)face.
答案
核心词汇识记
1.access
n．接近；通路
vt.接近；存取→accessible
adj.可进入的；可使用的
2.defend
v．防护；防卫→defence
n．保护；防卫
3.create
vt.创造；发明→creation
n．创造(力)→creative
adj.有创造性的
4.invent
v．发明→invention
n．发明→inventor
n．发明者
5.permit
vt.允许
n．许可证→permission
n．许可
6.concentrate
vi.集中(注意力、思想等)→concentration
n．集中；专心
7.depend
v．依靠；依赖→independent
adj.独立的→independence
n．独立
8.frequent
adj.频繁的；经常发生的→frequently
adv.时常；经常→frequency
n.出现率；重复率
9.advantage
n．优点；长处→disadvantage
n．弊端；缺点
作文
Should
students
make
friends
on
line?
Some
people
say
yes.
The
internet
helps
make
many
friends.
Chatting
on
line,
students
can
more
freely
express
their
feelings
and
opinions,
and
even
get
help
with
their
foreign
language
studies.
Others,
however,
think
students
should
not.
They
say
making
friends
on
line
is
a
waste
of
time,
which
should
be
spent
more
meaningfully
on
study.
Besides,
some
students
get
cheated
on
line.
It
is
my
opinion
that
students
should
place
their
study,
health
and
safety
before
other
things.
As
for
friendship,
we
can
readily
find
it
in
our
classmates
and
other
people
around
us.要点配套练习
一、重点单词练习
contain
v.包含；含有；容纳
单句语法填空
①[词汇复现］This
mixture
（contain)many
substances,such
as
zinc
and
copper.
②[词汇复现］Hearing
that
the
famous
professor
would
give
a
lecture
in
his
department,he
couldn't
contain
（he)for
joy.
③[词汇复现］We
were
astonished
that
such
a
small
（contain)could
contain
so
many
things.
辨析填空（contain/include)
④
Our
ten-day
tour
next
week
a
visit
to
the
Science
Museum.
⑤[2015·福建卷］The
research
group
produced
two
reports
based
on
the
survey,but
neither
any
useful
suggestions.
单句写作
⑥
The
letter（包含关于·····的信息）
some
legal
affairs.
⑦I
was
so
angry
that
I
just
（无法克制自己）。
Source
n.[C]来源，出处；（河流的）源头，发源地
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］Your
local
library
is
good
source
of
information.
2[词汇复现］We
have
been
fortunate
that
our
country
is
rich
in
Natural
（resource).
单句写作
3[2014·天津卷］Wind
is
now
the
world's
fastest
growing
（动力来源）。
4
For
me,music
is
（快乐的重要源泉）。
accessible
adj.可进入的；可使用的；（人）易接近的
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］The
remote
desert
area
is
（access)only
by
helicopter.
2Frank
put
the
medicine
in
a
top
drawer
to
make
sure
it
would
not
be
Accessible
the
kids.
单句写作
3[词汇复现］The
source
of
the
river
（可以走着去）。
4[词汇复现］Nowadays
everyone
can
（接触到）the
information
on
the
website.
5All
students
（可以自由进入）the
library.
一句多译
住在这里的人可以免费去那个游泳池。
6
（access)
7
（accessible)
defencen.防御，保护，保卫；防御物，防御能力
单句语法填空
1
What
points
can
be
raised
in
（defend)of
this
argument?
2[词汇复现］Keywords
are
used
to
defend
the
data
Being
stolen.
3
They
have
learned
to
arise
defence
of
their
legal
rights.
单句写作
4
The
soldiers
fought
bravely
（保卫）their
country.
5The
PLA
（保卫我们的祖国免于）being
attacked.
develop·开发，研制；（使）成长，（使）发展；形成，产生；
开发（土地）；冲洗（胶片）
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］With
the
（develop)of
science
and
technology.nearly
everybody
in
the
world
can
have
access
to
the
Internet.
2
As
is
known
to
all,the
People's
Republic
of
China
is
the
biggest
（develop)country
in
the
world.
3[词汇复现］I
need
to
get
this
film
（develop)immediately.
单句写作
4
As
time
went
by,I
产生偏爱）sports.
5He
has
（养成了··...的习惯）taking
notes
while
reading
books.
6[词汇复现］They
began
to
（开发一个新工业区）near
the
harbour.
写出句中
develop的含义
7I
developed
the
habit
of
sleeping
and
getting
up
early.
8[词汇复现］Our
factory
develops
and
makes
office
equipment
and
teaching
facilities.
9It's
hard
to
believe
that
a
tree
can
develop
from
a
small
seed.
Access
v.取得，获取（尤指计算机数据）；到达；进入；使用
n.[U]进入权，使用权；通道，通路
单句语法填空
1[2016.天津卷］It
was
really
annoying;I
couldn't
get
access
the
data
bank
you
had
recommended.
2Medicine
should
not
be
kept
where
it
is
（access)to
kids.
3[词汇复现］This
expert
（access)a
number
of
files
to
find
the
correct
information.
单句写作
4You
can
（上网）from
your
mobile
phone.
5
You
need
a
password
to
（使用）the
computer
system.
6[词汇复现］
····的唯一方法）the
harbour
is
by
helicopter.
design.设计；计划
n设计；图样；意图
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］This
apartment
is
designed
those
people
who
can't
afford
the
high
rent.
2[词汇复现］The
programme
is
designed
（help)people
who
have
been
unemployed
for
a
long
time.
3I
don't
know
whether
they
did
it
by
accident
or
design.
4I
am
writing
a
book
（design)for
children
under
12.
单句写作
5[词汇复现］This
balance
（为······而设计）weigh
very
small
loads.
6[词汇复现］Have
you
seen
（最新设计）for
the
new
stadium?
7
He
told
me
a
wrong
keyword
（故意）。
8
The
gloves
（为·而设计）extremely
cold
climates.
permission
n.[U]允许，许可，准许
单句语法填空
①You
will
need
（permit)from
your
parents
to
go
on
the
trip.
②[词汇复现］No
electrical
equipment
shall
be
touched
Our
teacher's
permission.
③
They
don't
permit
us
（park)here.
单句写作
④
Only
if
a
teacher
（批准）is
a
student
allowed
to
enter
this
room.
⑤[词汇复现］You
must
（请求许可）before
taking
photographs
of
the
architecture.
⑥[词汇复现］No
student
shall
touch
the
mixture
（未经许可）。
independent
adj.独立的；自立的
单句语法填空
1
The
country's
economy
is
dependent
tourism.
2[词汇复现｜He
is
unemployed
at
present,so
he
can't
be
independent
his
family.
3By
the
time
they
get
to
that
age
they
will
value
their
（independent).
4[词汇复现］His
son
designed
the
apartment
（independent)
and
was
awarded
for
it.
单句写作
5
Norway's
economy
is
（极度依赖）natural
resources.
6[词汇复现］He
aimed
to
（脱离·····而独立）his
parents
by
the
time
he
was
twenty.
7
Mexico
（脱离····获得独立）Spain
in
1821.
Concentrate
v专注，专心；集中（注意力）
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］I'm
concentrating
my
efforts
preparing
for
tomorrow's
interview.
2I
decided
to
concentrate
all
my
efforts
on
（find)
a
good
job.
3Stress
and
tiredness
often
result
in
a
lack
of
（concentrate),
单句写作
4All
these
worries
made
it
impossible
for
her
to
（集中精力于）her
work.
5There
is
too
much
noise.I
can't
（集中我的注意力于）the
work.
frequently
adv经常地，频繁地
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］My
computer
crashed
（frequent)after
I
downloaded
the
software.
2[词汇复现］It
is
（usual)warm
in
my
hometown
in
March,but
it
can
be
rather
cold
sometimes.
3
I've
been
writing
this
report
（occasional)for
the
last
two
weeks,but
it
has
to
be
handed
in
tomorrow.
4[2014.福建卷］The
climate
here
is
quite
pleasant,the
temperature
（rare),if
ever,reaching
30C
in
summer.
Disadvantage
n.[C,U]弊端；缺点；不利条件
单句语法填空
①
Anyone
who
can't
use
a
computer
is
a
disadvantage
these
days.
②The
offer
will
be
your
disadvantage-don't
accept
it.
③[词汇复现］That
expert
had
an
advantage
others
in
the
area
of
physics
research.
单句写作
④The
fact
that
you
don't
speak
French
will
（使你处于不利地位）in
Paris.
⑤
It
is
（对我们不利）to
keep
silent
over
the
matter.
［词汇复现］We
had
a
heated
discussion
about
（利弊）of
living
in
the
suburbs.
average
adj.平均的；普通的，平常的
n平均数；平均水平
单句语法填空
1Parents
spend
average
of$200
a
year
on
toys
for
their
children.
2
average,men
still
earn
more
than
women.
3[词汇复现］The
monthly
income
in
the
district
is
average.
单句写作
4[词汇复现］Last
year
the
number
of
students
who
graduated
with
a
driving
licence
reached
200,000,
（平均）40,000
per
year.
5[词汇复现］
（平均来看）this
factory
can
produce
300
helicopters
per
year.
6[2016·天津卷］As
（··----的平均年龄）the
population
increases,there
are
more
and
more
old
people
to
care
for.
Shorten
v.(使）变短；缩短
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］The
new
street
（shorten)
the
journey
to
the
downtown
district.
2［词汇复现］Ann
（sharpen)her
pencil
and
wrote
down
the
instructions
in
her
notebook.
3
We
have
always
tried
to
（broad)our
horizons.
4[词汇复现］If
not
properly
used,some
substances
in
nature
may
（danger)people's
lives.
5She
（weak)as
the
illness
grew
worse.
6[词汇复现］He
has
been
brought
in
to
（strength)
the
defence.
7[词汇复现］Network
（able)us
to
collect
data
easily.
8[词汇复现］My
headmaster
（courage)me
to
finish
my
essay
independently.
Present
vt.展现，显示，表现；颁发，授予；提出，陈述
单句语法填空
①[词汇复现］The
assistant
presented
her
manager
The
statistics.
②[词汇复现］The
old
man
decided
to
present
his
manual
work
the
tourists.
③[词汇复现］Many
professors
in
our
department
were
present
the
lecture.
④The
system
is
still
in
operation,at
least
the
present.
写出句中present的词性及词义
⑤[词汇复现］All
the
teachers
and
students
were
present
at
the
school
meeting.The
headmaster
presented
his
plan
for
the
school
construction.And
in
the
end
some
teachers
and
students
were
presented
many
little
presents.
单句写作
⑥[词汇复现］Our
manager
is
going
to
（上交报告）to
the
committee
at
the
end
of
this
month.
⑦[词汇复现］
（目前）all
the
teachers
in
our
school
have
access
to
network.
二、重点短语练习
consist
of
由······组成／构成（无被动语态和进行时态）
单句语法填空
①[词汇复现］Water
is
the
source
of
life;it
consists
Hydrogen
and
oxygen.
②
True
education
does
not
consist
simply
being
taught
facts.
③
What
you
say
now
is
not
（consist)with
what
you
said
last
week.
单句写作
④
The
USA
（由·····组成）fifty
states,one
of
which
is
separated
from
the
others
by
the
Pacific
Ocean.
⑤
The
school
board
（由······组成）parents
who
have
been
elected
to
make
decisions
about
school
affairs.
⑥[词汇复现］His
behaviour
（与······一致）his
teaching.
同义句转换
Our
team
consists
of
12
members.
7
8
.
as
well
也，又，同样
单句写作
1[词汇复现］Oxygen
is
necessary
for
people.It
is
necessary
for
plants
（也）。
2[词汇复现］Sally
（和）her
friend
can't
afford
such
an
expensive
journey
to
the
desert.
辨析填空（too/either/also/as
well)
3[2014.全国卷］Not
only
do
the
nurses
want
a
pay
increase,they
want
reduced
hours
4[词汇复现］He
was
at
the
opening
ceremony
and
I
was
there.
5Pat
doesn't
enjoy
popular
music.I
don't,
6[词汇复现］－I'm
feeling
embarrassed.
－Me
at
the
moment
此刻，目前
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］
the
moment,the
old
man
is
living
an
ordinary
life.
2[词汇复现］They
rent
a
house
in
the
suburbs
the
moment
because
their
own
house
is
being
rebuilt.
3
that
moment
on,we
have
been
best
friends.
4[词汇复现］
moment
she
went
back
to
her
hometown
she
gave
away
the
souvenirs
to
her
friends.
单句写作
5
I
would
like
a
job
which
pays
more,but
on
the
other
hand,I
enjoy
the
work
I'm
doing
（目前）。
6
He
was
silent
（片刻），then
began
his
answer.
7[词汇复现］Lucy
is
on
vacation
in
America
at
the
moment,but
I'll
tell
her
the
news
一....就）she
comes
back.
go
down(水平、数量等）下降，下跌；（质量）降低，下降；（船）
沉没，下沉；（太阳、月亮）落下
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］This
neighbourhood
has
really
gone
in
the
last
few
years.
2[词汇复现］He
went
his
father's
will
and
chose
painting
as
his
occupation.
3[词汇复现］If
there
is
a
shortage
of
any
product,prices
of
that
product
will
go
4
It
will
be
wise
to
go
your
test
paper
again.
［词汇复现］She
went
many
hardships
with
her
husband
at
the
moment.
单句写作
6
The
price
（已下跌），but
I
doubt
whether
it
will
remain
so.
7
To
get
a
better
grade,you
should
（复习）the
notes
again
before
the
test.
8[词汇复现］The
number
of
unemployed
people
in
that
country
（上升了）by
one
million
till
now.
come
up
with
提出；想出
单句语法填空
①[词汇复现］He
comes
up
a
view:The
house
prices
will
go
down
in
three
years.
②[词汇复现］The
flood
came
as
a
result
of
the
heavy
spring
rain.
③I
came
many
new
words
while
reading
the
novel.
④In
a
few
minutes
she
suddenly
came
⑤[词汇复现］When
will
your
essay
come
？
⑥While
we
were
talking,a
man
came
to
us.
单句写作
⑦[词汇复现］After
listening
to
the
lecture,he
（想出）a
good
solution.
⑧[词汇复现］
（当谈到··...时）software
and
network,he
has
much
to
say.
⑨[2014.湖北卷］Is
this
your
necklace,Mary?1
（偶然发现）it
when
I
was
cleaning
the
bathroom
this
morning.
⑩
Would
you
like
to
和····一起去）us
to
the
film
tonight?
agree
with
同意（某人）；（气候、食物等）适合；与······一致
单句语法填空
1[词汇复现］I
agree
the
view
that
objects
expand
with
heat
and
contract
with
cold.
2[词汇复现］All
things
considered,I
agree
your
proposal.
3
Jay
phoned
me
this
morning,and
we
agreed
a
time
and
place
to
meet.
4[词汇复现］My
family
have
agreed
（spend)the
vacation
at
the
seaside.
5
It
took
three
years
for
the
two
countries
to
reach
an
（agree).
单句写作
6They
almost
（看法一致）everything.
7These
two
reports
of
the
accident
（与·····有分歧each
other.
8
Pat's
results
are
（与一致）the
textbook
experiment.
写出句中
agree
with的含义
9You
look
well.The
air
and
the
seafood
in
Sanya
must
agree
with
you,I
suppose.
10
Your
account
of
the
accident
doesn't
agree
with
hers.
1
1If
she
felt
he
was
right,she
would
agree
with
him.
point
out
指出
单句写作
1
If
I
make
any
mistake,please
（把它指出来）。
2[词汇复现］Our
chemistry
teacher
（指出）that
this
substance
is
easily
dissolved
and
forms
several
new
substances.
3[词汇复现］He
completely
disagrees
with
my
（观点）。
4[词汇复现］He
was
（正要）accessing
information
on
the
Internet
when
there
was
a
breakdown
of
the
computer.
单句语法填空
5[2014.四川卷］Grandma
pointed
the
hospital
and
said,＂That's
where
I
was
born."
6I
was
on
the
point
of
going
out
my
friend
visited
me.
7[词汇复现］His
lecture
about
this
problem
is
the
point.
take
out把······拿出／取出；带（某人）出去；去除，除掉
单句语法填空
①[词汇复现］My
parents
will
take
me
for
a
visit
to
the
gorgeous
harbour.
②[2014.陕西卷］When
the
delayed
flight
will
take
Depends
much
on
the
weather.
③[词汇复现］Don't
be
taken
by
products
promising
to
make
you
lose
weight
quickly.
④Some
insects
take
the
colour
of
their
surroundings
to
protect
themselves.
写出句中
take
out的含义
⑤How
can
I
take
out
these
ink
stains
from
my
shirt?
⑥[词汇复现］The
document
can't
be
taken
out
of
the
library
without
permission.
⑦
Please
take
the
children
out-their
noise
is
making
my
head
ache.
单句写作
⑧I
put
the
telephone
down
and
（开始）my
work
again.
⑨He
（接管）the
chairmanship
of
the
committee.
⑩
He
（收回）his
essay
he
had
given
me.
instead
of
代替；而不是
奇账
辨析填空（instead
of/instead)
1
We
don't
have
coffee.Would
you
like
some
tea
2[词汇复现］We
made
a
strong
reaction
to
his
conclusion
keeping
silent.
3
Jack
didn't
study
law.
，he
decided
to
become
an
actor.
4[2014.湖北卷］
blaming
the
child
who
had
broken
the
vase,she
gave
him
a
tolerant
smile
and
let
him
go.
一句多译
［词汇复现］他在港口附近租了一所房子而不是在郊区。
5（instead
of)
6（instead)
三、重点句型练习
同位语
单句写作
①
Lu
Xun,
（一位伟大的中国作家），is
respected
by
many
people.
②
We
are
said
to
be
living
in
the
Information
Age,
（一个充满新发现和巨大变化的时代）。
③
I
have
no
idea
（他什么时候会回来）。
④
When
the
news
came
（战争爆发了），he
decided
to
serve
in
the
army.
部分否定
单句写作
1[词汇复现］However,
（并非每个人）finished
the
essay.
2All
horses
are
animals,but
（并非所有的动物）are
horses.
3
It's
an
either-or
situation-we
can
buy
a
new
car
or
we
can
go
on
holiday
but
we
（不能两者都做）。
4[词汇复现］We
（并不总是）agree
with
one
another.
5[2015·四川卷］Niki
is
always
full
of
ideas,but
（没有一个有用）to
my
knowledge.
同义句转换
［词汇复现］Not
all
people
agree
with
you.=
7[词汇复现］Not
both
of
the
sisters
like
literature.=
make+宾语＋宾补
单句语法填空
①
She
didn't
know
French
at
all,so
she
couldn't
make
herself
（understand).
②[词汇复现］I
was
made
（stand)there
for
two
hours
before
I
could
interview
the
expert.
单句写作
③[词汇复现］Going
away
to
college
（使我更加独立了）。
④
My
parents
always
（要求我做家庭作业）before
I
go
out.
⑤[词汇复现］This
project
is
designed
to
（使科学更易于理解）to
children.
here/there/now/then引起的完全倒装句
单句写作
①-Is
everyone
here?
－Not
yet...Look,
（来了）the
rest
of
our
guests!
②[词汇复现］A
motorbike
appeared
at
first.
（接着来了）an
old
tram
with
many
teenagers.
③[词汇复现］
（这就是）the
document
you're
looking
for.
④[词汇复现］远处矗立着一座建筑。
⑤[词汇复现］现在轮到你接受面试了。
⑥村外有片稻田。
四、单元语法练习
合成词
合成名词
单句写作
1[词汇复现］
（一些男生）I
know
are
very
energetic
and
intelligent.
2[词汇复现］He
waved
us
goodbye
and
（去观光了）。
3
His
mother
can't
fall
asleep
without
（服用安眠药）。
4[词汇复现］We
will
（举行联欢会）in
our
apartment
next
week.
5
（谷物产量）reached
a
new
high
in
the
three
years.
6
My
father
works
hard
（为了······安乐）of
the
whole
family.
7[词汇复现］
（他的妹夫）attended
the
ceremony
held
downtown
yesterday.
8
（战争的爆发）makes
many
people
homeless.
合成动词
单句写作
①[词汇复现］Many
people
（喜欢晒日光浴）at
the
seaside.
②The
enemy
intend
to
（推翻政府）。
③He
（经历了很多苦难）in
his
childhood.
④You
should
（粉刷一下门）of
your
hall.
合成形容词
单句写作
①
My
classmates
（热心肠）and
always
give
me
help
when
I'm
in
trouble.
②It
is
（两小时路程的距离）from
my
home
to
the
library.
③
The
teenager
has
（一个八岁的弟弟）。
④[词汇复现］Our
headmaster
（非常随和）and
patient.
⑤[词汇复现］We
can
（买成衣）from
the
website.
⑥
Chinese
people
（很勤劳）。
⑦Hangzhou
（因··而闻名）the
West
Lake.
⑧America,Australia
and
Canada
are
all
（说英语的国家）。
⑨[词汇复现］After
the
interview,he
got
（那份全职工作）。
⑩He
dived
into
（冰冷的湖里）and
save
the
drowning
boy.
一个词可合成多个合成词
单句写作
①
（他的书法）is
better
than
mine.
②He
（当邮差）by
day
and
a
singer
by
night.
③Her
mother
bought
（英语语法手册）for
her
last
Sunday.
④
My
brother
（扮演一个超人）in
the
movie.
冠词
定冠词
the
的用法
单句语法填空
①
girls
in
this
school
wear
red
shirts.
②There
is
a
pen
on
the
desk.
pen
is
John's.
③[词汇复现］
monkey
is
an
intelligent
animal.
4
As
we
all
know,
earth
travels
around
the
sun.
⑤[词汇复现］A
helicopter
is
on
left
and
a
tram
is
on
the
right.
⑥[词汇复现］This
is
most
beautiful
scenery
I
have
seen.
⑦I
have
been
to
Qingdao
twice,but
I
want
to
go
there
Third
time.
⑧[词汇复现］Some
dogs
are
trained
to
help
blind.
⑨[词汇复现］
Tang
Dynasty
is
a
very
important
period
in
Chinese
history.
⑩
We
will
go
to
the
seaside
with
Smiths.
11
In
1990s
computers
became
popular
and
were
widely
used
in
our
life.
12
This
is
very
book
I'm
looking
for.
?[词汇复现］You
must
hand
in
your
essay
at
end
of
this
month.
14The
more
you
repeat
the
new
words,
better
you'll
remember.
不定冠词a/an的用法
单句语法填空
1
horse
runs
faster
than
a
sheep.
2[词汇复现］In
the
distance
tourist
is
sitting
on
the
rock.
3
The
doctor
told
me
to
take
this
medicine
three
times
day.
4Jane
was
caught
in
heavy
rain.
5[词汇复现］His
assistant
copied
the
data
and
left
in
hurry.
6
All
of
sudden,the
network
broke
down.
7
number
of
people
rushed
there
in
search
of
gold.
零冠词的用法
单句写作
1[词汇复现］
（孩子们）are
attracted
by
the
souvenirs
brought
back
by
their
father.
2
（英语）is
widely
used
all
around
the
world.
3
（北京）is
the
capital
city
of
China
and
it
is
the
center
of
politics
and
culture.
4[词汇复现］There
is
（一位怀特先生）in
the
committee.
5
Just
as
the
saying
goes,
（理论始于实践）。
6
The
film
shot
by
the
famous
director
is
（一大成功）。
7[词汇复现］I
contacted
my
friend
（在星期天）。
8[词汇复现］The
professional
player
invited
his
coach
to
（吃午饭）。
9I
remember
that
the
matter
happened
（在一个冬天）。
10
We
all
（选王鹏为我们的班长）。
11[词汇复现］The
tourists
can
go
to
the
harbour
（乘公交车）。
12
We
（去上学）every
day
to
learn
more
knowledge.
13
When
I
came
into
the
room,he
was
sitting
（在桌子旁）reading
a
newspaper.
14I
think
it
necessary
for
us
to
have
a
talk
（面对面地）。
答案
词汇：
［答案］1
contains
2himself3
container
4
includes
5
contained6contains
information
about
7
couldn't
contain
myself
【答案】①a
2resources3
source
of
power
4
an
important
source
of
enjoyment
［答案】①
accessible
2to
3
is
accessible
on
foot
4have
access
to
5
have
free
access
to
6People
living
here
get
access
to
that
swimming
pool
for
free.7That
swimming
pool
is
accessible
to
the
people
living
here
for
free.
［答案】①
defence
2
from/against
③in
4
in
defence
of⑤
defend
our
motherland
from/against
［答案】①
development2developing
3developed
宾语
film与宾补中的develop之间为被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。④developed
a
preference
for5
developed
the
habit
of6develop
a
new
industrial
site⑦形成
⑧开发
⑨长成
［答案］①to2accessible
③
accessed
4
access
the
Internet⑤
get/gain
access
to6
The
only
access
to
［答案］①
for2
to
help
3
by4
designed
5designed
for
children
under
12
是过去分词短语作定语。is
designed
to6
the
latest
design7by
design8are
designed
for
【答案】①
permission②
without3
to
park④
has
given
permission5
ask
for
permission
6
without
permission
【答案］①on
②of
③independence
independently
heavily
dependent
on
6be
independent
of7
gained
independence
from
［答案］①on
②finding
③concentration4
concentrate/focus
on
5
concentrate/focus
my
attention
on
［答案］①
frequently
②usually③
occasionally④
rarely
［答案］①
at
②
to
3
over
4
put
you
at
a
disadvantage5
to
our
disadvantage6
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
【答案】①an
②On
3below/above
4an
average
of5On
average
6
the
average
age
of
【答案】①shortens②
sharpened③
broaden④
endanger⑤weakened6
strengthen7
enables
⑧encouraged
［答案］①with
②to
③at
4for
⑤adj.出席的，到场的；vt.提出，陈述；vt.赠送；n.礼物
6
present
the
report
7
At
present
短语：
【答案】①of
2in
③
consistent
4consists
of
5
is
made
up
of
6
is
consistent
with
7Our
team
is
made
up
of
12
members.12
members
make
up
our
team
［答案］①
as
well
2
as
well
as
③
as
well
4
also
⑤either6too
［答案］①
At
2for
3From
4The
at
the
moment6
fora
moment7
the
moment
［答案］①down2against③up
4over5through
6has
gone
down
go
over8has
gone
up
由时间状语
till
now
可知用现在完成时。
【答案】①with
②
about
③across
4to
5
out
6
up
7
came
up
with
8When
it
comes
tocame
across10come
along
with
［答案］①
with
2to
3on
4to
spend
agreement6agree
on
7disagree
with8in
agreement
with适合⑩与······一致
?1
同意
【答案】①point
it
out
out
是副词，代词作宾语时要放在point与out之间。②points
out
3
point
of
view
4
on
the
point
of
5
to6
when
7
to
【答案】①out
②
off
③
in
④on
⑤去除⑥拿出
⑦带·····出去⑧took
uptook
over
10
took
back
［答案］①
instead
2instead
of
③Instead
4Instead
of5He
rented
a
house
near
the
harbour
instead
of
in
the
suburbs.6Hedidn't
rent
a
house
in
the
suburbs.He
rented
one
near
the
harbour
instead.
句式：
【答案】①
a
great
Chinese
writer2a
time
of
new
discoveries
and
great
changes3
when
he
will
come
back4that
the
war
broke
out
［答案］①
not
everyone
2not
all
animals
3
can't
do
both4don't
always
5none
is
useful6
All
people
don't
agree
with
you7
Both
of
the
sisters
don't
like
literature
［答案】①
understood
2to
stand
3made
me
more
independent4make
me
do
my
homework5
make
science
more
accessible
【答案］①
here
come
主语
the
rest
of
our
guests是复数，故谓语动词用复数。②Then
came
3Here
is4There
stands
an
architecture
in
the
distance.Now
comes
your
turn
to
be
interviewed.6
There
lies
a
rice
field
outside
the
village.
语法：【答案】①
Some
of
the
schoolboys②
went
sightseeing③
taking
sleeping-pills
4hold
a
get-together
5
Grain
output
6
for
the
well-being
7His
brother-in-law
8The
outbreak
of
the
war
［答案］①
like
to
sunbathe
2
overthrow
the
government
3
underwent
many
hardships
4
whitewash
the
door
［答案］①are
warm-hearted
②a
two-hour
distance
③
an
eight-year-old
brother
4
is
very
easy-going
5buy
ready-made
clothes6
are
very
hard-working
7is
well-known
for
⑧English-speakingcountries9the
full-time
job
1
the
ice-cold
lake
［答案］①His
handwriting2works
as
a
postman
3a
handbook
of
English
grammar
④played
the
part
of
a
superman
【答案】1
The②The③
The
4the⑤
the⑥
the⑦
a⑧
the⑨The⑩
the11
the
12
the13
the14
the
［答案］1A
2a
③a
④a
5a
⑥a⑦Aa
6a
A
【答案】①
Children②English
③Beijing④
a
Mr
White⑤
theory
begins
with
practice
6a
great
success⑦
on
Sunday⑧
have
lunch
9in
a
winter
elected
Wang
Peng
our
monitor
11
by
bus12
go
to
school
13
at
the
table
14
face
to
face单元要点梳理
重点单词
▲Contain要点
contain
information
包含信息
contain
vitamin
E含有维生素E
contain
oneself克制自己
词义辨析
contain与
include
A
contains
B
B在A里面（B
is
inside
A
A
includes
B
B是A的一部分（B
part
of
A)
单词积累
Container
n.容器
教材原句
The
Internet
is
the
biggest
source
of
information
in
the
world,and
it's
accessible
through
a
computer.因特网是世界上最大的
息来源，借助电脑便能进入。
source要点
an
energy
source
能量来源
a
food
source
食物来源
a
source
of
power
动力来源
a
source
of
enjoyment/strength
快乐／力量
的源泉
the
source
of
the
Yellow
River
黄河的源头
单词积累
resource
n.资源；财力（常用复数形式）
accessible要点
be
accessible
to
可使用；可进入；易接近
have
access
to有权使用······;可以接
近·····
gain/get
access
to
得到······的使用权；获
得接近···..·的机会
单词积累
access
n.通路；（使用或见到的）机会，权
利vt.访问，存取（计算机文件）
教材原句
It
consists
of
millions
of
pages
of
data.它
包含数以百万计页面的数据。
defence
要点
in
defence
of
保卫。。。。。。；为···.··辩护
in
one's
defence
为某人辩护
a
defence
against对···.··的防御物
defend...against/from...保卫。。。免受。。。。。
develop要点
develop
a
software开发一个软件
develop
the
habit
of
doing...养成做。··...
的习惯
develop
a
preference
for
对······产生偏爱
get
the
film
developed
把胶片冲洗出来
单词积累
development
n.发展；生长
underdeveloped
adj.经济欠发达的
developing
adj.发展中的
developed
adj.发达的；先进的
教材原句
It
then
became
possible
for
universities
to
use
the
system
as
well.随后，大学使用这
一系统也成为可能。
▲access要点
have
access
to
可以获得／接近／使用
gain/get
access
to
到达；接近；使用
the
access
to······的通道；······的机会
单词积累
accessible
adj.可进入的；可使用的
教材原句
At
the
moment,about
80
percent
of
web
traffic
is
in
English,but
this
percentage
is
going
down.目前，大约80%的网络传输
都使用英语，但这一比例正在下降。
▲design要点
design...for
sb./sth.为·····设计。。。。。。
be
designed
for为·····而设计
be
designed
to
do
sth.为做······而设计；
目的是··
by
design(=on
purpose)故意
▲permission要点
ask(for)permission
请求许可
give
permission
批准
without
permission
未经允许
permit
sb.to
do
sth.允许某人做某事
单词积累
permit
n.许可证vt.允许，许可，准许
学法点拨
permit
“名前动后”
／＇p3:mit/n.(重音在前）
／pa'mit/vt.(重音在后）
▲independent
要点
depend
on
依靠，依赖；取决于
be
dependent
on
依赖；取决于
be
independent
of
脱离······而独立
gain
independence
from
脱离······获得
独立
单词积累
depend
v.依靠，依赖
dependent
adj.依靠的，依赖的
dependence
n.依靠，依赖
independence
n.独立；自立
independently
adv.独立地；自立地
教材原句
Concentrate
on
the
good
things
about
the
Internet.专注于因特网好的方面。
▲concentrate要点
concentrate...on...集中。。。。。。于。。。。。。
concentrate
on
把注意力集中于。。。。。。
focus...on...集中······于。。。。。。
focus
on
集中在
用法比较
concentrate
与
focus
指“集中（精神、精力）”时，concentrate
和focus可以换用，但focus一般不用具
体事物作宾语，concentrate则可以。
单词积累
concentration
n.集中；专心
教材原句
I
agree
with
this
idea,especially
on
the
subject
of
learning
English.我同意这个观
点，尤其是关于学习英语这一话题。
教材原句
Who
do
they
communicate
with
mos
frequently?他们与谁联络最频繁？
frequently要点
频度副词汇总：
always
adv.总是
usually
adv.通常
often
adv.
经常
sometimes
adv.有时
occasionally
adv.偶尔
rarely
adv.很少
seldom
adv.很少
never
adv.从未
教材原句
What
are
the
disadvantages?缺点是
么？
▲disadvantage
要点
put
sb.at
a
disadvantage
使某人处于不
地位
be
at
a
disadvantage/an
advantage
处于
势／
优势
to
one's
disadvantage/advantage
对某人
利／有利
advantages
and
disadvantages
利弊
take
advantage
of
利用
have
an
advantage
over
比·····有优势
▲average要点
an
average
of
平均······
the
average
of.......··的平均数
above/below
average高于／低于平均水平
on
average
平均来看
Shorten学法点拨
adj./n.+-en.
sharp-sharpen(使）变锋利
deep一deepen(使）变深
Broad--broaden(使）变宽
Weak-weaken(使）变弱
strength-strengthen(使）强壮
en-+adj./n---.v.
Rich---enrich
使丰富
large-enlarge
扩大
Able--enable
使能够
Danger--endanger使处于险境
Courage--encourage
鼓励
教材原句
Present
your
poster
to
the
group
and
lead
a
class
discussion
on
the
subject.把你的海
报给小组成员看一看，并且就这个话题
展开班级讨论。
present要点
present
sb.with
sth.=present
sth.to
sb.授
予某人某物
be
present
at
出席；到场
at
present
(=at
the
present
time)现在，目前
for
the
present
暂时
一言助记
Everyone
present
at
the
meeting
will
be
presented
with
a
book
as
a
present,which
Is
about
the
present
economic
situation.出
席会议的每个人将被赠送一本书作为礼
物，该书是关于目前经济形势的。
present
作“出席的，在场的”讲时，常放
于被修饰词之后；作“目前的，现在的”
讲时，常放于被修饰词之前。
重点短语
▲consist
of要点=be
composed
of
consist
in
在于，存在于=lie
in
be
consistent
with
与······一致
用法比较
consist
of
与
make
up
be
made
up
of
整体---部分（大含小）
consist
of
部分----整体：
make
up
单词积累
consistent
adj.一致的；持续的
教材原句
In
1969,DARPA,a
US
defence
organi-
sation,developed
a
way...1969年，一个
名叫DARPA的美国国防组织，研发出一
种·····的方法。
As
well要点
as
well
as
除·
···之外，也，还；不但·····
而且（谓语与第一主语一致）
用法比较
as
well,too,also与
either
as
well
位于肯定句句末
too
位于肯定句句末，前面常有逗号
also位于肯定句句中，连系动词be、助动
词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前
either
位于否定句句末，前面常有逗号
at
the
moment要点
at
the
moment
可理解为：
（at
this
moment
这时（用于现在时）
at
that
moment那时，当时（用于过去时））
for
the
moment
目前，暂时
for
a
moment
片刻，一会儿（表一段时间）
in
a
moment
立刻，马上
from
that
moment
on
从那时起
学法点拨
名词词组
the
moment
可用作连词，引导
时间状语从句，意为“一
·就······”
相当于as
soon
as.有类似用法的还有
the
minute,the
second
等。
▲Go
down要点
go
against
违背；不利于
go
ahead
前进；干吧，可以
go
over复习；仔细检查
go
out
出去；（灯，火等）熄灭
go
through
经历，经受；详细研究
go
up上升，上涨
▲Come
up
with(提出，想出）要点
come
about
产生，发生
come
across
偶然遇见；偶然发现
come
along(with)(和······)一起去
come
to
总计为；达到（尤指坏的局面）；
苏醒
come
out
出现；出版；开花；为人所知
come
up
走近；出现；被提到
when
it
comes
to...一谈到······;就······而
论（to是介词）
误区警示
come
up
with
是及物动词短语，人作主语；
come
up(被提到）是不及物动词短语，物
作主语，不用于被动语态。
Sb.comes
up
with
an
idea/a
plan.
An
idea/A
plan
comes
up.
教材原句
He
designed
the
first"web
browser”，
which
allowed
computer
users
to
access
documents
from
other
computers.他首创
的“网站浏览器”使电脑用户能获取其他
电脑里的文件。
Agree
with（气候事物适合）要点
与.....一致
agree
to
do
sth.同意做某事
agree
on
sth.就某事达成协议／取得一致
意见
agree
to
the
plan/arrangement/proposal同
意计划／安排／提议
disagree
with
与······有分歧；对···...不适
宜；不赞成
in
agreement
with
与······符合；与。。。。。·相
一致
用法比较
agree
with+sb.表示同意某人的意见；
agree
to
重在表示“接受”“答应”，后接
表示建议、安排等的词；
agree
on
是“就······取得一致意见”，主
语必须是协调的双方或多方。
▲Point
out要点
point
at
指着（目标）
point
to
指向（方向）
to
the
point
简明恰当；简洁中肯
point
of
view
观点
on
the
point
of
doing...when...正要做··.···,
这时······
Take
out(带、取出、去除）要点
take
away
拿走；使消失
take
down
拆卸；记下
take
back收回；退回；回忆起
take
in
收留；理解；欺骗
take
off起飞；脱掉；突然开始成功
take
over接管；接任；接手
take
on
呈现；承担（责任）
take
up开始从事；占据，占用
instead
of用法比较
instead
of
与
instead
instead
of
是短语介词，后接名词、代词、
动名词或介词短语。
instead
是副词，单独使用，可放在句首或
句末。
重点句型
教材原句
In
1969,DARPA,a
US
defence
organisa-
tion,developed
a
way...1969年，一个名
叫DARPA的美国国防组织，研发出一
种······的方法。
同位语句法分析
a
US
defence
organisation是DARPA的同
位语，是对DARPA的进一步解释说明。
单词、短语或从句都可作同位语。
教材原句
Our
English
teacher
is
excellent,but
she
can't
help
everyone
in
the
class
in
50
minutes.我们的英语老师非常优秀，但是
她不能在50分钟内帮助班里的每一个
人。
句法分析
本句是but连接的并列句。can't
help
everyone
意为“不能帮助每一个人”，表
示的是部分否定。
部分否定要点
总括性代词或副词与not连用时，
表示部分否定。这类总括性词有all,
both,each,every,everyone,everything,
everywhere,always,altogether等。
误区警示
对两者的全部否定用neither,对三者及
三者以上的全部否定用
none.
教材原句
Text
messages
are
much
cheaper
than
talking
on
a
mobile
phone,and
you
can
make
it
even
cheaper
by
shortening
the
words
that
you
use.发短信比打移动电话
便宜得多，并且你还可以通过简化用词
使之更便宜。
▲“make+宾语＋宾补要点
“make+宾语＋宾补”结构中，可以充当
宾补的有名词、形容词、不带to的不定
式、过去分词等。
误区警示
＂make+宾语＋不带to
的不定式”用于
被动语态时，to需还原。
I
was
made
to
repeat
it.我被要求重述
一遍。
教材原句
Here
is
an
example...这里有一个例子。。。。。
▲Here/There/Now/Then完全倒装要点
结构：Here/There/Now/Then+谓语动词＋
主语（名词）。
学法点拨
该句式中谓语动词常用be,go,come,
remain,lie,stand
等。
误区警示
当主语是人称代词时，主谓不用倒装。
Here
you
are.给你。
Here
we
are.咱们到了。
四、单元语法
合成词
要点一
合成名词的主要构成方式
1n.+n.
classroom教室
newspaper报纸
schoolboy
男生
2adj.+n.
blackboard
黑板
greenhouse
温室
mainland
大陆
3n.+动名词
handwriting书法
sightseeing
观光
4动名词＋n.
sleeping-pill
安眠药
waiting-room
候车室
5v.+n.
postcard
明信片
playground操场
6v.+adv.
get-together联欢会
breakdown
故障
7n.+v.
snowfall降雪（量）
waterfall
瀑布
8adv.+v.
outbreak
爆发
output
产量
学法点拨
合成名词还有其他构成方式：
well-being健康；安乐
brother-in-law
姐／妹夫
commander-in-chief总司令
good-for-nothing无用之人
forget-me-not勿忘我
go-between中间人
要点二
合成动词的主要构成方式
1n.+v.
airdrop
空投
sunbathe
沐日光浴
2adv.+v.
overthrow推翻
undergo
经历
3adj.+v
whitewash粉刷
safeguard
保护
要点三
合成形容词的主要构成
方式
1adj.+n+-ed
noble-minded
高尚的
warm-hearted
热心肠的
2数词＋单数名词
two-hour
两个小时的
second-hand
二手的
3数词＋单数名词＋adj.
eight-year-old八岁的
two-metre-long
两米长的
4adj.+现在分词
good-looking
好看的
easy-going
随和的
5adj.+过去分词
ready-made
现成的
new-found
新获得的
6adv.+现在分词
hard-working
勤劳的
far-reaching
影响深远的
7adv.+过去分词
well-known著名的
widespread
广泛流传的
8n.+现在分词
peace-loving
热爱和平的
English-speaking
说英语的
9n.+过去分词
state-owned
国营的
heartfelt
由衷的
10adj.+n.
high-class
高级的
full-time
全职的
11n.
+adj.
duty-free免税的
ice-cold
冰冷的
要点四
一个词可合成多个合成词
合成词的数量很大，有时一个词可以合
成许多合成词。
handbag
手提包
handball
手球
handbill
传单
handbook
手册
handwriting
书法
handkerchief
手帕
Englishman英国人
Frenchman
法国人
policeman
警察
postman
邮递员
workman
男工人
superman
超人
冠词用法
要点一
定冠词
the的用法
（1)表示特定的或上文中提到的人或
事物。
（2)特指说话双方都知道的人或事物。
（3)用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或
事物。
（4)用于表示独一无二的事物的名词前。
（5)用于表示方向、方位的名词前。
（6)用于序数词或形容词的最高级前。
误区警示
序数词前也可加不定冠词，表示“又一，
再一”或动作的重复。
（7)用于某些形容词前，表示一类人。
（8)用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前，
表示国家、党派、组织、机构、报刊、朝代、
海洋、河流、山脉、群岛等。
（9)用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示“夫妇”
或“全家”。
（10)用于表示西方乐器的名词前。
（11)用于某个世纪的某个年代前。
（12)用于某些表示国家和民族的形容词
前，泛指全体。
（13)用于习惯用语或固定搭配中。
要点二
不定冠词a/an的用法
（1)用在单数可数名词前，泛指一类人或
事物。
（2)表示数量“一个”，相当于one,但语
意较弱。
（3)表示单位，相当于every或per,有“每
一”的意思。
（4)用于某些不可数的物质名词前，表示
“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵”等。
（5)用于某些固定词组中。
（3)表示单位，相当于every
或per,有“每
一”的意思。
（4)用于某些不可数的物质名词前，表示
“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵”等。
（5)用于某些固定词组中。
要点三
零冠词的用法
（1)表示泛指的复数名词前不用冠词。
（2)表示语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。
（3)名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、
名词所有格等修饰语或限定词时不用冠词。
（4)表示人名、地名的专有名词前不用冠
词（由普通名词构成的专有名词除外）。
误区警示
当表示“像······那样的人或事物”“一个
名叫······的人”时，专有名词前可以用不
定冠词。
（5)表示泛指的物质名词、抽象名词前不
用冠词。
误区警示
有些抽象名词用来指具体的人或事物
时，其前可加不定冠词，如success,
failure,excitement,pleasure,pity
等。
（6)表示季节、月份、星期、三餐、球类、
棋类等的名词前不用冠词。
误区警示
季节、月份、星期、三餐等前的冠词要依
据具体情况而定，并非所有的这些名词
前都不加冠词。
（7)称呼语或表头衔的名词（作表语、同
位语、补足语时）前面不用冠词。
（8)“by+交通工具名词”的短语中不用
冠词。
（9)有些表示场所、地点的名词前用不用
定冠词the意思差别很大。加上冠词表
示“具体场所或位置”，不加冠词往往表
示“社会功能或用途属性”。
（10)某些固定词组中不用冠词：
①成双成对出现的名词词组中。
②一些介词短语中。
