第一部分
教材重点全程攻略
Ⅰ.英译汉
1.dictation n. 口授；听写(的文字)
2.entry n. 项目；进入；入口
3.clumsy adj. 笨拙的
4.parrot n. 鹦鹉
5.tortoise n. 陆龟；龟
6.psychology n. 心理(学)
7.architect n. 建筑师
8.dignity n. 尊严；高贵的品质Unit
2
Robots
基础自主检测
阅读识记
Ⅰ.英译汉1.bonus
n.
额外津贴；奖金；红利2.apron
n.
围裙3.absurd
adj.
荒谬的；可笑的4.clerk
n.
售货员；职员；旅馆接待员5.cuisine
n.
烹饪(风味)；菜肴6.mailbox
n.
〈美〉邮筒；信箱7.biochemistry
n.
生物化学8.theoretical
adj.
理论(上)的；假设的9.framework
n.
框架；结构
Ⅱ.汉译英1.fiction
n.
小说；虚构或想象出来的事2.haircut
n.
发型；理发3.cushion
n.
(坐、跪时用的)软垫；靠垫；垫子4.bedding
n.
寝具；铺盖5.necklace
n.
项链6.armchair
n.
扶手椅；单座沙发7.biography
n.
(由他人撰写的)传记；传记文学8.part?time
adj.
兼职的
高频应用
1.alarm
n.
警报；惊恐 vt.
使警觉；使惊恐；惊动2.overweight
adj.
超重的；体重超常的3.pile
n.
堆；摞；叠； vi.
堆积；堆起 vt.
把……堆起；积聚4.scan
vt.
细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览；扫描5.counter
n.
柜台；计数器6.awful
adj.
极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的7.affair
n.
事务；事情；暧昧关系8.digital
adj.
数字的；数码的；手指的；脚趾的9.aside
adv.
在一边；向一边 10.grand
adj.
大的；豪华的；雄伟的11.receiver
n.
收件人；接收机；电话听筒
12.bound
adj.
一定的；密切相关的13.staff
n.
全体员工；手杖
14.thinking
n.
思想；思考15.divorce
n.
离婚；断绝关系
vt.
与……离婚；与……脱离
拓展变形
1.desire
(n.)
渴望；欲望；渴求
(vt.)
希望得到；想要→desirable
(adj.)
渴望得到的；值得拥有的2.satisfaction
(n.)
满意；满足；令人满意的事物→satisfy
(vt.)
使满足；使满意→satisfying/satisfactory
(adj.)
令人满意的→satisfied
(adj.)
满意的3.sympathy
(n.)
同情(心)→sympathetic
(adj.)
同情的4.elegant
(adj.)
优雅的；高雅的；讲究的→elegance
(n.)
优雅；高雅5.favour
(n.)
喜爱；恩惠
(vt.)
喜爱；偏袒→favourable
(adj.)
赞成的；有利的→favourite
(adj.)
最喜爱的6.accompany
(vt.)
陪伴；伴奏→company
(n.)
陪伴；做伴；公司→companion
(n.)
伙伴；伴侣；同伴7.declare
(vt.)
宣布；声明；表明；宣称→declaration
(n.)
宣言；公布8.envy
(vt.)
忌妒；羡慕→envious
(adj.)
忌妒的；羡慕的9.affection
(n.)
喜爱；爱；感情→affect
(vt.)
影响；感动→effect
(n.)
结果；作用；影响→effective
(adj.)
有效果的10.imagination
(n.)
想象(力)；创造力；幻想物→imagine
(vt.)
想象→imaginary
(adj.)
想象的→image
(n.)
形象；图像11.junior
(adj.)
较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的
(n.)
年少者；晚辈；等级较低者→senior
(adj.)
年长的；资历较老的；地位较高的；高级的
(n.)
前辈；资历深者；年长者12.talent
(n.)
天才；特殊能力；才干→talented
(adj.)
有才气的；有才能的13.obey
(vt.&
vi.)
服从；顺从→disobey
(反义词)(vt.&
vi.)
不服从；违抗14.assessment
(n.)
评价；评定→assess
(vt.)
估价；评定
1.over?前缀词全接触
①overweight
adj.
超重的
②overload
vt.
超载
③overvalue
vt.
高估
④overwork
v.
过度工作
⑤overuse
vt.
过度使用
2.以“?fy”结尾的动词集锦
①satisfy
使满意
②beautify
美化
③classify
分类
④purify
净化
⑤simplify
简化
3.“一字母之差”的单词一览
①affect
vt.
影响→effect
n.
影响；作用
②fellow
n.
家伙→follow
v.
跟随
③willow
n.
垂柳→pillow
n.
枕头
④weep
v.
哭泣→peep
vi.窥视
⑤will
n.
意愿→fill
v.
填充
一
动词＋介/副词
1.test
out
考验出；检验完
2.reach
for
伸手去够
3.accompany
sb.
to
...
陪伴某人到……
4.ring
up
给……打电话
5.turn
around
转向；回转
6.leave
...
alone
不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
7.set
aside
将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
8.take
sth.
seriously
严肃对待某事
二
be＋形容词＋介词
9.be
bound
to
必然；一定要
三
其他
10.or
rather
更确切地说
11.in
all
一共；总计
1.rather相关短语一览
①or
rather
更确切地说
②rather
than
而不是
③would
rather
宁愿
2.打电话相关短语大全
①ring
sb.
up
给某人打电话
②call
sb.
up
给某人打电话
③give
sb.
a
(phone)
call/ring
给某人打个电话
④call/ring
back
回电话
⑤hold
on
别挂断
⑥ring
off/hang
up
挂断
⑦get
through
接通电话
_________________________________________________________________
1.more
...
than
...
“与其(说)……倒不如(说)……”
His
name
was
Tony
and
he
seemed
more_like_a_human_than_a_machine
(与其说像一台机器，倒不如说更像人)．(教材P11)
2.there
be/seems/stands
...
倒装句
As
she
turned
around,
there_stood
(站在那儿)
Gladys
Claffern.(教材P11)
3.It
is/was
...
that/who
...
强调句结构
It_was_then_that
(就是在那个时候)
Claire
realized
that
Tony
had
opened
the
curtains
of
the
front
window.(教材P12)
4.have
sb./sth.
doing
“容忍/允许某人/某物做某事”
But
even
though
Tony
had
been
so
clever,
he
would
have
to
be
rebuilt—you
cannot
have_women_falling_in_love_with_machines
(不能让女人与机器相爱)．(教材P12)
5.have
sth.
done
“让……被做”
Asimov
began
having_stories_published
(发表小说)
in
science
fiction
magazines
in
1939.(教材P16)
单句语法填空
1.It
was
going
to
be
tested
________
by
Larry's
wife,
Claire.
答案：out
2.On
the
second
morning
Tony,
________
(wear)
an
apron,
brought
her
breakfast.
答案：wearing
3.As
a
favour
Tony
promised
to
help
Claire
make
herself
________
(smart)
and
her
home
more
elegant.
答案：smarter
4.As
he
was
not
allowed
________
(accompany)
her
to
the
shops,
he
wrote
out
a
list
of
items
for
her.
答案：to
accompany
5.________the
amused
and
surprised
look
on
her
face,
Claire
knew
that
Gladys
thought
she
was
having
an
affair.
答案：By
6.Tony
told
her
and
suggested
that
she
________
(invite)
Gladys
and
her
friends
to
the
house.
答案：(should)
invite
7.She
fell
off
a
ladder
and
even
though
Tony
was
in
the
next
room,
he
managed
________
(catch)
her
in
time.
答案：to
catch
8.She
screamed,
________
(push)
him
away
and
ran
to
her
room
for
the
rest
of
the
day.
答案：pushed
9.Asimov's
life
began
in
Russia,
________
he
was
born
on
2nd
January,
1920.
答案：where
10.Use
a
clear
simple
style
as
if
you
________
(be)
writing
to
younger
students
in
your
school.
答案：were
考点步步冲关
1
desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求
vt.希望得到；想要
Do
you
think
it
is
possible
for
a
robot
to
have
its
own
needs
and
desires？(P10)
你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗？
(1)have
a
strong
desire
(2)desire
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事
(3)desirable
adj.
令人满意的；可取的；值得拥有的
[名师点津] desire不用于进行时。后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。此外，由desire转化来的形容词或名词后的主语从句或表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。
即时练1
单句语法填空
①He
has
a
desire
________
success
though
he
has
failed
many
times.
②It
is
not
easy
to
get
a
________
(desire)
job
that
corresponds
with
interests.
③Anyone
________
(desire)
to
vote
must
come
to
the
meeting.
④We
desire
that
immediate
help
________
(give)
to
the
local
villagers
who
have
been
trapped
by
the
flood.
答案：①for ②desirable ③desiring ④(should)
be
given
一句多译
离婚后，她急切地想开一个属于自己的小商店。
⑤Following
the
divorce,
she
__________________
of
her
own.
(desire
v．)
⑥Following
the
divorce,
she
__________________
of
her
own.
(desire
n．)
⑦Following
the
divorce,
she
___________________
of
her
own.
(desire
that
...)
答案：⑤desired
to
open/own
a
small
shop ⑥had
a
desire
to
open/own
a
small
shop ⑦desired
that
she
(should)
open/own
a
small
shop
2
sympathy n．同情(心)
Claire
thought
it
was
ridiculous
to
be
offered
sympathy
by
a
robot.(P11)
克莱尔觉得机器人向她表示同情有点荒唐可笑。
have/feel
sympathy
for
sb.对某人表示同情
get
sympathy
from
sb.获得某人的同情
out
of
sympathy
出于同情
express
sympathy
for
(对……表示)体恤/同情
in
sympathy
with
同情；赞成
out
of
sympathy
with
不赞成，不支持；不同情
即时练2
单句语法填空
①Looking
at
the
photos,
I
couldn't
help
feeling
sympathy
________
the
deaths
in
the
earthquake.
②Out
________
sympathy
for
the
homeless
children
he
gave
them
shelter
for
the
night.
③The
steel
workers
went
on
strike
________
sympathy
with
the
miners.
答案：①for ②of ③in
3
favour n．喜爱；恩惠；帮助；偏袒
vt.喜爱；偏袒
As
a
favour
Tony
promised
to
help
Claire
make
herself
smarter
and
her
home
more
elegant.(P11)
托尼为了让克莱尔高兴起来，答应帮助她，使她变得更漂亮，使她的家变得更高雅大方。(1)ask
sb.
a
favour
请某人帮忙
do
sb.
a
favour
帮某人一个忙
owe
sb.
a
favour
欠某人人情
(2)in
favour
of
赞同；支持
in
one's
favour
有利于某人
(3)favourite
adj.
特别受喜爱的
n.
特别喜爱的人(物)
注：favor和favour两种拼写方法均可。
即时练3
单句语法填空
①Coffee
has
been
a
part
of
people's
lives
for
thousands
of
years,
and
today
it
is
still
one
of
the
________
(favour)
drinks
in
the
world.
②Our
products
have
good
fame
at
home
and
abroad,
deeply
________
(favour)
by
customers.
答案：①favourite ②favoured
一句多译
他赞成为了同所有爱好和平的国家改善关系而进行努力。
③He
________________
to
improve
relations
with
all
peace?loving
countries.
(favour
v．)
④He
________________
to
improve
relations
with
all
peace?loving
countries.
(favour
n．)
答案：③favoured
the
efforts ④was
in
favour
of
the
efforts
4
accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；伴随
As
he
was
not
allowed
to
accompany
her
to
the
shops,
he
wrote
out
a
list
of
items
for
her.(P11)
因为不允许托尼陪克莱尔去商店，因此托尼为她列了一个物品清单。
(1)accompany
sb.
to
...
陪某人到……(to为介词)
accompany
sb.
at/on
sth.
用某物(尤指用钢琴)为某人伴奏
accompany
...
with
...
伴随着；兼带有
be
accompanied
by
...
由……陪伴/伴随
(2)in
company
with
与……一起；陪同
keep
sb.
company
陪伴某人
(3)companion
n.
同伴，伙伴
[名师点津] 汉语中的“陪伴某人做某事”用英语不能表达成“accompany
sb.
to
do
sth.”而是表达成“accompany
sb.
to
a
place”或者“to
do
sth.
in
company
with
sb.”。
即时练4
单句语法填空
①While
she
danced
wonderfully
on
the
stage,
her
mother
accompanied
her
________
the
piano.
②You
will
make
yourself
understood
better
if
you
accompany
your
words
________
gestures.
③Wally,
________
(accompany)
by
the
nurse,
was
flown
directly
to
a
hospital
for
more
intensive
treatment.
答案：①on/at ②with ③accompanied
一句多译
上周，我们和几个外国游客一起参观了博物馆。
④We
visited
the
museum
______________
a
few
foreign
tourists
last
week.
(company)
⑤We
visited
the
museum
______________
a
few
foreign
tourists
last
week.
(accompany)
答案：④in
company
with ⑤accompanied
by
5
declare vt.宣布；表明；声明；宣称
She
cried
out
“Tony”
and
then
heard
him
declare
that
he
didn't
want
to
leave
her
the
next
day
and
that
he
felt
more
than
just
the
desire
to
please
her.(P11)
她大叫一声“托尼”，接着她就听到托尼郑重地说第二天他不想离开她，并且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。
declare
sb./sth.
to
be
...
宣布某人或某事是……
declare
for/against
...
宣布支持/反对……
declare
war
(on
...)
(向……)宣战
declare
sth.
open/closed
宣布某事开始/结束
declare
通常指正式、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等，往往带有权威性。后面可跟复合宾语
announce
指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。需要接间接宾语时，要在间接宾语前加to
[一言辨异] Our
country
has
declared
against
any
war
between
the
two
countries,
which
will
be
announced
to
the
nation.
我们国家已经声明反对两国间的任何战争，而且将会对全民宣布。
即时练5
单句语法填空
①I
disliked
my
present
job,
but
my
father
declared
________
my
idea.
②When
the
result
________
(declare)
the
great
crowd
outside
the
town
hall
cheered
wildly.
③During
the
Greece?Persia
War,
Athens
gained
the
final
success,
so
they
sent
a
soldier
to
run
back
home,
________
(declare)
the
end
of
the
war.
答案：①against ②was
declared ③declaring
用announce/declare的适当形式填空
④It
was
only
last
February
that
he
________
he
would
run
for
president.
⑤His
lawyers
are
confident
that
the
judges
will
________
Mr
Stevens
innocent.
答案：④announced ⑤declare
1
ring
up
给……打电话
教材原句
When
the
clerk
at
the
counter
was
rude
to
her,
she
rang
Tony
up
and
told
the
clerk
to
speak
to
him.
(P11)柜台售货员对她很粗鲁，她就打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼讲话。
(1)call
sb./telephone
sb./phone
sb.
/give
sb.
a
call/give
sb.
a
ring
给某人打电话
(2)ring/call
back
回电话
(3)ring
off/hang
up
挂断电话
(4)hold
on
别挂断
即时练1
单句写作
①我打电话预约了一下。
I
________________
and
made
an
appointment.
②你能让他给我回电话吗？
Can
you
ask
him
to
____________
me
__________？
③我还未来得及解释他就挂了电话。
He
__________________
before
I
could
explain.
④先别挂电话好吗？我去看看经理在不在办公室。
Can
you
__________________？
I'll
see
if
the
manager
is
in
the
office.
答案：①rang
up ②ring/call;
back ③rang
off/hung
up ④hold
on
2
leave
...
alone
不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起
教材原句
She
shouted
“Leave
me
alone”
and
ran
to
her
bed.
(P12)她高声嚷着：“让我独自待一会儿！”然后就跑上了床。
leave
aside
把某事搁置一边；不予考虑
leave
out
省略；遗漏
leave
for
...
动身去……
leave
behind
留下；把……丢在后面
即时练2
单句语法填空
①He
was
asked
to
leave
________
another
city
in
24
hours.
②The
teacher
required
us
to
leave
________
some
unnecessary
words
in
our
essays.
③What's
your
opinion,
leaving
________
the
question
of
expense?
答案：①for ②out ③aside
单句写作
④Generally,
we
enjoy
our
friends'
company,
but
there
are
occasions
when
we
hope
______________
(独处)
for
a
while.
⑤You
have
to
follow
closely
if
you
want
to
avoid
________________
(落后)．
答案：④to
be
left
alone/to
leave
ourselves
alone ⑤being
left
behind
3
set
aside
将……放在一边；省出或留出(钱或时间)
教材原句
He
felt
happy
when
his
boss
stated
that
he
could
set
aside
some
time
for
exercise.(P13)当他的老板说他可以留出一些时间进行锻炼时，他感到高兴。
(1)set
off
出发；动身；引爆；引起
set
about
doing
着手；开始(做……)(后接名词、动名词)
set
out
(to
do
...
)
出发；开始(做……)(后接不定式)
set
down
放下；记下
set
up
建立；搭建
(2)lay
aside
放在一边
put
aside
积蓄；搁一搁
即时练3
单句语法填空
①As
soon
as
she
arrived,
she
set
________
tidying
up
the
room.
②The
old
couple
tried
to
set
________
some
extra
money
for
some
purpose.
③The
school
has
set
________
a
special
class
to
help
those
poor
learners.
④Having
said
goodbye
to
their
friends,
they
set
________
for
their
destination.
⑤His
speech
set
________
violence
in
the
crowd.
⑥He
will
set
________
all
his
important
thoughts
in
his
diary
when
they
are
fresh
in
his
mind.
答案：①about ②aside ③up ④off/out ⑤off ⑥down
But
even
though
Tony
had
been
so
clever,
he
would
have
to
be
rebuilt—you
cannot
have_women_falling_in_love_with_machines.(P12)
翻译
但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造——总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。
have
在此为使役动词，意为“使……；让……”。常用结构如下：
(1)have
sb./sth.
doing
“让……不停地做某事/处于某种状态”；若用于否定句中，have表示“容忍；容许”之意。
(2)have
sth.
done
表示“使某事被做”或“遭遇某事”(宾语与宾补为被动关系)。
(3)have
sb.
do
“让某人做……”(指一次性的具体的动作)，其中do前面不能带to。
(4)have
sth.
to
do，这一结构中have
意为“有”，即“有某事要做”，不定式作定语。主动表被动。
即时练
单句语法填空
①Growing
up,
I
had
people
________
(tell)
me
I
was
too
slow,
though,
with
an
IQ
of
150＋at
17,
I'm
anything
but
stupid.
②It's
important
to
have
your
eyes
__________
(examine)
regularly.
③I
had
Mary
__________
(clean)
my
bedroom
yesterday.
④If
you
have
something
awful
________
(say),
have
the
courage
to
face
the
person
and
say
it.
答案：①telling ②examined ③clean ④to
say
被动语态(包括to
do
不定式)
谓语动词的被动语态
1．其构成为“be＋done”，不同时态体现在助动词be上。
①The
magazine
is
published
in
Shanghai.
这本杂志在上海出版。
2．含情态动词的被动语态构成为“情态动词＋be＋done”
②It
is
required
that
the
work
(should)
be
finished
in
a
week.
要求工作在一周内完成。
3．短语动词的被动语态中，短语动词为一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
③The
spelling
of
the
word
“expect”
must
be
paid
attention
to.
单词“expect”的拼写必须被注意。
动词不定式的被动形式
1．动词不定式一般式的被动形式为“to
be
done”。
④We
have
had
a
good
start,
but
next,
more
work
needs
to
be
done
to
achieve
the
final
success.
我们获得了良好的开端，但接下来，为了取得最终的胜利，我们需要做更多的工作。
2．动词不定式完成式的被动形式为“to
have
been
done”，表示此动作发生在谓语动词之前。
⑤Look
at
the
pride
on
Tom's
face.
He
seems
to
have
been
praised
by
the
manager
just
now.
看汤姆脸上的自豪，他好像刚刚被经理表扬了。
即时练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．More
expressways
________
(build)
in
Sichuan
soon
to
promote
the
local
economy.
答案：will
be
built
2．There
were
many
talented
actors
out
there
just
waiting
________
(discover)．
答案：to
be
discovered
3．The
professor
was
delighted
to
find
that
two
thirds
of
the
project
________
(finish)
by
the
students
independently.
答案：had
been
finished
4．The
dictionary
is
said
to
________
(translate)
into
many
languages.
答案：have
been
translated
5．Unless
some
extra
money
________
(find),
the
theatre
will
close.
答案：is
found
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There
are
still
many
problems
to
be
solving
before
we
are
ready
for
a
long
stay
on
the
Moon.
________________________________________________
答案：solving→solved
2．If
they
win
the
final
tonight,
the
team
are
going
to
tour
around
the
city
to
cheered
by
their
enthusiastic
supporters.
________________________________________________
答案：cheered前加be
3．These
young
seedlings
required
looked
after
carefully.
________________________________________________
答案：looked→looking或required后加to
be
4．He
was
the
last
one
to
be
asking
to
speak
at
the
meeting.
________________________________________________
答案：asking→asked
5．I'm
glad
have
been
helped
by
so
many
warm?hearted
people.
________________________________________________
答案：glad后加to
基础达标演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
rich
man
felt
sympathy
________
the
victims
in
the
earthquake
and
gave
away
a
lot
of
money
to
them.
答案：for
2．________
(accompany)
by
his
wife,
he
has
recovered
from
the
operation
soon.
答案：Accompanied
3．You
are
bound
________
(win)
the
game
if
you
have
faith
in
yourself.
答案：to
win
4．It
was
when
Tom
was
eleven
years
old
________
his
talent
for
writing
became
obvious.
答案：that
5．Having
worked
for
just
a
few
days,
Richard
was
junior
________
those
who
had
been
in
the
company
for
a
long
time.
答案：to
6．The
question
could
not
be
resolved,
at
least
not
to
my
________
(satisfy)．
答案：satisfaction
7．Perhaps
he
felt
he
needed
to
prove
that
he
was
as
________
(talent)
as
you.
答案：talented
8．The
teacher
desired
that
all
the
exercises
________
(hand)
in
before
school
was
over.
答案：(should)
be
handed
9．If
you
________
(obey)
the
order,
the
disaster
could
not
have
happened.
答案：had
obeyed
10．Although
________
(divorce),
they
continued
to
live
under
the
same
roof.
答案：divorced
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．After
a
whole
afternoon's
heated
discussion,
they
finally
declared
us
what
had
been
decided.
________________________________________________
答案：declared后加to
2．Would
you
please
go
away
and
leave
me
lonely?
________________________________________________
答案：lonely→alone
3．It
can
be
very
satisfied
to
work
in
the
garden.
________________________________________________
答案：satisfied→satisfying
4．My
boss
used
to
be
strict
with
his
staffs,
which
made
all
of
them
nervous
at
seeing
him.
________________________________________________
答案：staffs→staff
5．Could
you
do
me
favour
and
pick
up
Sam
from
school
today?
________________________________________________
答案：favour前加a
Ⅲ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．在信息时代，可能每个人都渴望有一个机器人。(desire
to)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：In
the
information
age,
it's
likely
that
everyone
desires
to
have
a
robot.
2．当你受到惊吓时，它会陪伴着你直到你想一个人待着。(accompany)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：It
will
accompany
you
until
you
want
to
be
left
alone
when
you
are
alarmed.
3．你上班时，它会在家服从你的命令，记录下给你打电话的号码，甚至会处理一些办公事务。(set
down)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：While
you
are
at
work,
it
will
obey
your
orders
and
set
down
the
numbers
that
ring
you
up
and
even
deal
with
some
office
affairs.
4．这样的机器人与其说是一台机器，不如说是一个朋友。(more
...
than
...)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：Such
a
robot
is
more
a
friend
than
a
machine.
5．毫无疑问，很多人都支持机器人的研发。(in
favour
of)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：There
is
no
doubt
that
a
lot
of
people
are
in
favour
of
the
research
and
development
of
robots.
6．我相信，如果你有这样的机器人，别人一定会羡慕你的。(be
bound
to)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：I
am
convinced
that
if
you
have
such
a
robot,
others
are
bound
to
envy
you.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：In
the
information
age,
it's
likely
that
everyone
desires
to
have
a
robot
which
will
accompany
you
until
you
want
to
be
left
alone
when
you
are
alarmed.
While
you
are
at
work,
it
will
obey
your
orders
and
set
down
the
numbers
that
ring
you
up
and
even
deal
with
some
office
affairs.
Such
a
robot
is
more
a
friend
than
a
machine.
There
is
no
doubt
that
a
lot
of
people
are
in
favour
of
the
research
and
development
of
robots.
I
am
convinced
that
if
you
have
such
a
robot,
others
are
bound
to
envy
you.
PAGE
-
1
-Unit
3
Under
the
sea
基础自主检测
阅读识记
Ⅰ.英译汉1.anecdote
n.
轶事；奇闻2.yell
vi.
大叫；呼喊n.
叫声；喊声3.teamwork
n.
协作；配合4.shark
n.
鲨鱼5.dimension
n.
维(数)；方面；侧面6.shallow
adj.
浅的；肤浅的；浅显的7.boundary
n.
界限；分界线8.pension
n.
养老金；退休金
Ⅱ.汉译英1.dive
vi.&
n.
跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲2.jog
vi.
慢跑 vt.
轻推；轻撞3.tide
n.
潮(汐)；潮水；潮流4.seaweed
n.
海草；海藻5.flashlight
n.
闪光信号灯；手电筒；闪光灯6.suck
vt.&
vi.
吮吸7.steep
adj.
陡峭的8.Antarctic
adj.
南极的9.seal
n.
海豹；封条；印章
高频应用
1.witness
vt.
当场见到；目击 n.
目击者；证人；证据2.opposite
prep.
在……对面 adj.
相对的；相反的3.pause
vi.&
n.
暂停；中止 4.flee
vi.
逃避；逃跑 vt.
逃离5.drag
vt.
拖；拉；扯
6.lip
n.
一片嘴唇；(容器或洞的)边，口7.net
n.
网；网状物；网络
8.target
n.
目标；靶；受批评的对象9.pure
adj.
纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的
10.cell
n.
细胞；(蜂房的)巢室11.vivid
adj.
生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的12.neat
adj.
〈口〉好的；整齐的；匀称的13.grey
adj.&
n.
灰色(的)
14.awesome
adj.
使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的
拓展变形
1.annual
(adj.)
每年的；按年度计算的
(n.)
年刊；年鉴→annually
(adv.)
每年地；年度地→anniversary
(n.)
周年纪念日2.accommodation
(n.)
住所；住宿→accommodate
(vt.)
提供住宿3.depth
(n.)
深(度)；深处→deep
(adj.)
深的→deepen
(v.)
加深4.urge
(vt.)
催促；极力主张；驱策
(n.)
强烈的欲望；冲动→urgent
(adj.)
急迫的；催促的→urgency
(n.)
紧急；迫切5.abandon
(vt.)
放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned
(adj.)
被遗弃的；放纵的6.relationship
(n.)
关系；血缘关系；交往→relation
(n.)
关系；联系；交往；亲戚(关系)；亲属(关系)→relate
(vt.)
把……联系起来；讲述
(vi.)
有联系→relative
(adj.)
与……有关的；相比较的
(n.)
亲属；亲戚7.conservation
(n.)
保存；保护→conserve
(vt.)
保存；保护8.reflect
(vi.)
思考
(vt.)
映射；反射；思考→reflection
(n.)
反射；反映9.aware
(adj.)
意识到的；知道的→unaware
(反义词)
(adj.)
没有意识到的；不知道的→awareness
(n.)
意识；觉悟10.narrow
(adj.)
狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的→narrowly
(adv.)
仅仅；勉强地11.sharp
(adj.)
锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→sharpen
(vt.
&
vi.)
(使)变锋利；削尖；磨快→sharpener
(n.)
削刀；磨床；磨器；磨具12.tasty
(adj.)
好吃的；可口的→taste
(v.)
品尝；有……的味道
(n.)
味道；喜好→tasteless
(反义词)
(adj.)
无味的；不可口的13.scare
(vt.)
恐吓
(vi.)
受惊吓→scared
(adj.)
恐惧的；害怕的→scary
(adj.)
恐怖的；可怕的
1.以“?rrow”结尾的词一览
①narrow
adj.
狭窄的
②arrow
n.
箭头
③borrow
v.
借
④sorrow
n.
悲伤
⑤sparrow
n.
麻雀
2.含后缀?th的名词荟萃
①depth
深度
②width
宽度
③length
长度
④truth
真理
⑤growth
成长
一
动词＋介/副词
1.sort
out
整理；分类；收拾
2.aim
at
瞄准
3.hold
up
阻挡；举起；耽搁
4.help
(...)
out
帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
二
be＋形容词＋介词
5.be
terrified
of
对……感到惊恐
6.be/become
aware
of
知道；明白；意识到
7.(be)
scared
to
death
吓死了
三
其他
8.ahead
of
(表示空间)在……前面；(表示时间)先，预先
9.in
the
meantime
在此期间；与此同时
10.upside
down
上下翻转
1.“v.＋at”动词短语荟萃
①aim
at
瞄准
②point
at
指向
③arrive
at
到达
④laugh
at
嘲笑
⑤knock
at
敲(门、窗等)
2.“动词＋out”短语专辑
①help
(...)
out
帮助(某人)摆脱困境
②work
out
解决；算出；锻炼
③figure
out
解决；算出
④find
out
查明；弄清楚
⑤try
out
试用；试验
______________________________________________________________
1.a
time＋when引导的定语从句
It_was_a_time_when
(那是一个……时期)the
killer
whales,
or
“killers”
as
they
were
then
called,
helped
the
whalers
catch
the
baleen
whales
that
were
on
their
annual
migration.(教材P19)
2.be
about
to＋动词原形，表示即将发生的事情
This
was
the
call
that
announced
there_was_about_to_be
(即将有)
a
whale
hunt.(教材P20)
3.v.?ing的被动式作宾语补足语
As
we
drew
closer,
I
could
see
a
whale
being_attacked
(正在被袭击)
by
a
pack
of
about
six
other
killers.(教材P20)
4.with的复合结构作状语
I'm
sitting
in
the
warm
night
air
with_a_cold_drink_in_my_hand
(手持一杯冷饮)
and
reflecting
on
the
day—a
day
of
pure
magic！(教材P24)
5.动名词的复合结构作宾语
The
fish
didn't
seem
to
mind_me_swimming_among_them
(介意我在它们中间游动)．(教材P24)
6.“where
...,
there
be
...”意为“在……的地方，有……”，where
引导地点状语从句
The
water
was
quite
shallow
but
where_the_reef_ended
(在珊瑚礁到了尽头的地方)，there
was
a
steep
drop
to
the
sandy
ocean
floor.(教材P24)
单句语法填空
1.We
ran
down
to
the
shore
in
time
to
see
an
enormous
animal
opposite
us
________
(throw)
itself
out
of
the
water
and
then
crashing
down
again.
答案：throwing
2.I
looked
down
into
the
water
and
could
see
Old
Tom
swimming
by
the
boat,
________
(show)
us
the
way.
答案：showing
3.From
Jame's
face,
I
could
see
he
was
terrified
of
______
(abandon)
by
us.
答案：being
abandoned
4.It
took
over
half
an
hour
(get)
the
boat
back
to
James.
答案：to
get
5.And
then
Old
Tom
was
off
and
back
to
the
hunt
______
the
other
killers
were
still
attacking
the
whale.
答案：where
6.________
(see)
such
extraordinary
beauty,
I
think
every
cell
in
my
body
woke
up.
答案：Seeing
7.The
first
thing
I
became
aware
________
was
all
the
vivid
colours
surrounding
me.
答案：of
8.A
large
wise?looking
turtle
was
passing
so
close
to
me
________
I
could
have
touched
it.
答案：that
9.Then
there
were
two
grey
reef
sharks,
each
about
one
and
a
half
metres
long,
________
suddenly
appeared
from
behind
some
coral.
答案：which
10.I
told
myself
they
weren't
dangerous
but
that
didn't
stop
me
________
(feel)
scared
to
death
for
a
moment！
答案：feeling
考点步步冲关
1
witness vt.当场见到；目击
n．目击者；证人；证据
I
thought,
at
the
time,
that
this
was
just
a
story
but
then
I
witnessed
it
with
my
own
eyes
many
times.(P20)
当时我以为这只是个故事，但是后来我却多次亲眼目睹了这样的事情。(1)be
(a)
witness
to
sth.看见某事发生/证明……真实
bear/give
witness
to
sth.为……作证；证明
(2)witness
to
(doing)
sth.作证，证明(做)某事
[名师点津] 英语中常用表示时间、地点等的名词作主语，而常用形容人的感官动词see,
witness等作谓语进行拟人修辞，意为“是发生……的地点(或时间、组织等)”。另外，注意witness
to中的to是介词。
即时练1
单句语法填空
①The
girl
witnessed
________
(see)
the
man
burst
into
the
bank
on
a
dark
night
last
week.
②The
past
ten
years
________
(witness)
a
boom
in
economy
in
my
hometown.
③Our
city
________
(witness)
four
different
seasons,
plenty
of
sunshine
and
good
rainfall,
but
in
winter
you
may
feel
a
little
cold.
答案：①to
having
seen ②has
witnessed ③witnesses
单句写作——句式升级
④当他从公园走出来时，这位老人碰巧目睹了这起交通事故。
a．普通表达：
When
he
walked
out
of
the
park,
the
old
man
________________
the
road
accident.
b．高级表达：
__________________________，
the
old
man
________
the
road
accident.
(分词作状语)
答案：a.happened
to
see b．Walking
out
of
the
park;
witnessed
2
urge vt.催促；极力主张
n．强烈的欲望；冲动
“Man
overboard!
Turn
the
boat
around！”
urged
George,
shouting
loudly.
(P20)
乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”(1)urge
sb.
to
do
sth.
催促某人做某事
urge
that
...
(should)
do
sth.
极力主张；强调……
(2)have
an
urge
to
do
sth.
有做某事的欲望
(3)urgent
adj.
紧迫的；迫切的
(4)urgency
n.
紧急；迫切
即时练2
单句语法填空
①She
invited
me
to
dinner,
but
I
declined
on
account
of
________
(urge)
business.
②After
she
saw
the
film,
there
was
an
urge
________
(cry)
because
she
was
touched
by
their
brave
deeds.
③They
urged
that
the
library
________
(keep)
open
during
the
vacation.
④I
got
a
note
from
Moira
urging
me
________
(get)
in
touch.
答案：①urgent ②to
cry ③be
kept ④to
get
一句多译
我们力劝她同我们一起来参加聚会，但她坚持说她太累了。
⑤____________________
with
us,
but
she
protested
that
she
was
too
tired.
(urge
sb.
to
do
sth.)
⑥____________________
with
us,
but
she
protested
that
she
was
too
tired.
(urge
that
...)
答案：⑤We
urged
her
to
come
to
the
party ⑥We
urged
that
she
(should)
come
to
the
party
3
abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃
From
James's
face,
I
could
see
he
was
terrified
of
being
abandoned
by
us.
(P21)
从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。(1)abandon
one's
hope/plan/idea
放弃希望/计划/主意
abandon
oneself
to
...
沉湎于……；纵情于……(to为介词)
(2)with
abandon
放纵地；放任地；尽情地
(3)abandoned
adj.
被遗弃的；无约束的；无度的；放纵的
即时练3
单句语法填空
①The
fans
cheered
________
abandon
when
their
football
team
won.
②After
her
mother
died,
she
abandoned
herself
________
grief.
③The
old
paper
mill
________
(abandon)
to
make
way
for
a
new
shopping
centre
a
few
years
ago.
④The
police
found
the
lost
treasure
in
an
____________
(abandon)
well.
答案：①with ②to ③was
abandoned ④abandoned
一句多译
他沉迷于网络游戏，没有通过考试。
⑤He
________________
and
didn't
pass
the
exam.
⑥________________，
he
didn't
pass
the
exam.
答案：⑤abandoned
himself
to
the
Internet
games ⑥Abandoning
himself
to
the
Internet
games
4
reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考
I'm
sitting
in
the
warm
night
air
with
a
cold
drink
in
my
hand
and
reflecting
on
the
day—a
day
of
pure
magic！(P24)
我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情——这是神奇的一天！(1)be
reflected
in
被反映在……；被映照在……中
reflect
on/upon
sth.
仔细考虑/思考某事
reflect
that
...
思考……
(2)reflection
n.
反射；反映；沉思；倒影；影像
be
lost
in
reflection
陷入沉思中
a
reflection
of
……的反映
即时练4
单句语法填空
①As
well
as
a
day
of
celebration,
a
birthday
is
also
a
time
for
reflecting
________
your
life
and
reviewing
your
life.
②The
cat
felt
curious
when
she
saw
her
own
________
(reflect)
in
the
mirror.
③When
the
sun's
rays
hit
the
earth,
a
lot
of
heat
________
(reflect)
back
into
space.
④With
the
white
walls
________
(reflect)
the
light,
the
room
looks
warm
and
bright.
答案：①on/upon ②reflection ③is
reflected ④reflecting
1
help
(
...
)
out
帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
教材原句
What
evidence
was
there
that
Old
Tom
was
helping
the
whalers
out？(P21)有什么证据表明老汤姆在帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境吗？
(1)help
sb.
with/(to)
do
sth.
帮助某人(做)某事
can't
help
doing
sth.
忍不住做某事
can't
help
but
do
sth.
只得做某事；不得不做某事
help
oneself
(to
sth.)
随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)
(2)with
the
help
of
sb.＝with
sb.'s
help在某人的帮助下
即时练1
单句语法填空
①I
have
been
busy
with
my
study
and
seldom
help
my
parents
________
the
housework.
②We
think
this
is
the
opportunity
for
us
youth
to
do
a
contribution
to
helping
the
victims
________.
③When
thinking
of
the
wonderful
days
I
spent
in
New
Orleans,
I
just
can't
help
________
(think)
of
you.
④Faced
with
so
much
trouble,
I
can't
help
but
__________
(turn)
to
my
parents
for
help.
答案：①with ②out ③thinking ④turn
单句改错
⑤With
help
of
the
teacher,
he
has
made
great
progress
in
his
English.
________________________________________________
答案：With后加the
2
be/become
aware
of
意识到
教材原句
The
first
thing
I
became
aware
of
was
all
the
vivid
colours
surrounding
me—purples,
reds,
oranges,
yellows,
blues
and
greens.(P24)我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩——紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。
(1)be
aware
that
...
知道；体会到……
make
sb.
aware
of/that
...
使某人注意到……；提醒某人注意……
as
far
as
I'm
aware
据我所知
(2)awareness
n.
意识；认识；察觉
develop
an
awareness
of
...
培养……的意识
raise
awareness
提高认识
即时练2
单句语法填空
①Learning
English
not
only
increases
my
__________
(aware)
of
foreign
cultures
but
also
helps
me
to
communicate
with
English?speaking
people
and
to
make
more
new
friends.
②In
my
opinion,
it's
very
important
to
develop
__________
awareness
of
health
now.
③As
a
member
of
society,
I'm
aware
__________
being
responsible
is
what
it
takes
to
make
a
better
society.
答案：①awareness ②an ③that
单句改错
④Some
activities
should
be
carried
out
to
make
people
aware
the
importance
of
donating
blood.
________________________________________________
答案：aware后加of
1
As
we
drew
closer,
I
could
see
a
whale
being_attacked
by
a
pack
of
about
six
other
killers.(P20)
翻译
当我们靠近时，我能看到一条鲸鱼正受到约六、七条虎鲸的攻击。
as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；随着”，表示从句的动作与主句动作同时发生或伴随进行。being
attacked作宾语补足语，表示动作正在被进行。“see＋宾语＋being
done”意为“看到……正被……”。
[名师点津] being
done是doing的被动形式，用作现在分词时，表示被动和正在进行的动作，常作定语和补语；用作动名词时，只表示被动而不表示进行的动作，常作宾语和主语。
即时练1
单句写作
①在家听音乐是一回事，而现场听音乐又是另一回事了。
Listening
to
music
at
home
is
one
thing;
going
to
hear
it
____________________
live
is
quite
another.
②通常，在开始上课时，在街上都能听到打开和关上书桌的声音。
Usually
at
the
beginning
of
school,
the
noise
of
desks
____________________
could
be
heard
out
in
the
street.
③我可以不受外界干扰做任何我想做的事。
I
could
do
whatever
I
wanted
to
do
without
____________________
by
the
outside
world.
④由几位专家正在进行的研究表明海湾石油泄漏已对周围环境造成了致命损害。
Research
____________________
out
by
several
experts
suggests
that
the
oil
spill
in
the
Gulf
has
caused
the
fatal
damage
to
the
environment.
⑤出名所付出的代价是不管你走到哪里，都会被人认出来。
__________________
wherever
you
go
is
the
price
you
pay
for
being
famous.
答案：①being
performed ②being
opened
and
closed ③being
interrupted ④being
carried ⑤Being
recognized
2
The
water
was
quite
shallow
but
where_
the
reef
ended,
there_was
a
steep
drop
to
the
sandy
ocean
floor.(P24)
翻译
水很浅，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
“where
...,
there
be
...”意为“在……的地方，有……”。where引导地点状语从句，相当于in/at
the
place
where
...
(此时where引导定语从句)，另外wherever
“在任何地方；无论何处”也可引导地点状语从句。
即时练2
单句语法填空
①Schools
should
be
lively
places
________
individuals
are
encouraged
to
develop
to
their
greatest
potential.
②________
he
once
felt
like
giving
up,
he
now
has
the
determination
to
push
further
and
keep
on
going.
③After
the
war,
a
new
school
building
was
put
up
__________
there
had
been
a
theatre.
答案：①where ②Where ③where
单句写作
④常言道，有志者，事竟成。
As
the
saying
goes,
________________________.
⑤众所周知，熊猫生活在有大量竹子的地方。
It
is
well
known
that
the
panda
lives
________________
plenty
of
bamboo.
⑥作为年轻人，我们应该学会在我们跌倒的地方站起来。
As
young
men,
we
should
learn
to
stand
up
________________.
⑦就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
you
are
free
to
go
________________.
答案：④where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way ⑤where
there
is ⑥where
we
fell ⑦wherever
you
like
动词?ing
形式的被动式
当动词?ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，要用其被动形式，即being
done，它表示一个正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时发生的被动动作。与其主动形式一样，它在句中可充当主语、宾语、定语、补语、状语。
1．作主语
being
done用于句首作主语，表示一个被动的动作。
①Being
exposed
to
sunshine
for
too
much
time
will
do
harm
to
one's
skin.
在阳光下暴露太久对皮肤有害。
2．作宾语
being
done
可以用于动词或介词后作宾语，表示一个被动的动作。
②The
film
star
wears
sunglasses.
Therefore,
he
can
go
shopping
without
being
recognized.
这个影星戴着墨镜，所以他能在购物时不被认出来。
3．作定语
being
done
作定语，只能置于被修饰的名词后，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。
③The
problem
being
discussed
now
is
very
important.
现在正在被讨论的这个问题非常重要。
4．作补足语
being
done
可以用在某些动词(see,
hear,
watch,
feel,
notice,
find,
keep
...)后作宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。
④You'll
find
the
topic
being
discussed
everywhere
now.
你将发现这个话题现在到处被讨论。
5．作状语
being
done用作状语，是一个比较重要的用法，主要用于句首表示原因，有时也表示其他关系(如时间等)。
⑤Being
repaired,
the
road
is
blocked
now.
因为这条路正在被修建，所以被堵上了。
being
done的完成式为“having
been
done”，说明它所表示的动作在谓语动作之前发生，通常在句中作宾语和状语。
⑥Having
been
taught
many
times,
the
boy
still
couldn't
finish
those
tasks
independently.
已经被教了许多次，这个男孩仍然不能独立完成这些任务。
being
done的否定形式为“not
being
done”；其完成式的否定形式为“not
having
been
done”。
⑦He
was
unhappy
for
not
being
invited
to
the
party.
对于没有被邀请去参加宴会，他感到不高兴。
即时练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．After
only
six
months
of
________
(care)
for
by
a
25－year－old
woman
from
China,
the
boy
can
already
understand
basic
Chinese
daily
expressions.
答案：being
cared
2．As
a
student,
I
can
tell
you
that
there
is
nothing
better
than
________
(praise)
by
my
teacher
before
my
classmates.
答案：being
praised
3．The
lecture
________
(give),
a
lively
question?and?answer
session
followed.
答案：having
been
given
4．—What
do
you
know
made
Susan
so
upset?
—________
(charge)
with
giving
away
state
secrets.
答案：Being
charged
5．The
building
________
(build)
now
will
be
used
as
our
reading
room.
答案：being
built
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．George
returned
after
the
war,
only
to
being
told
that
his
wife
had
left
him.
________________________________________________
答案：being→be
2．The
witnesses
being
questioned
by
the
police
just
now
gave
very
different
descriptions
of
the
fight.
________________________________________________
答案：去掉being
3．When
being
asked
for
his
views
about
his
teaching
job,
Philip
said
he
found
it
very
interesting
and
rewarding.
________________________________________________
答案：去掉being
4．He
doesn't
remember
having
ever
given
a
chance
to
go
abroad.
________________________________________________
答案：given前加been
5．I
heard
an
English
song
be
sung
by
the
little
girl
when
I
passed
by
her
room
yesterday.
________________________________________________
答案：be→being
基础达标演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
often
have
a
hard
time
________
(drag)
myself
from
my
bed
or
even
rolling
over
to
write
everything
I
have
dreamt
about
in
my
notebook.
答案：dragging
2．On
Monday
mornings
it
usually
________
(take)
me
an
hour
to
drive
to
work
although
the
actual
distance
is
only
20
miles.
答案：takes
3．There
was
a
time
________
I
lived
on
the
farm
happily.
答案：when
4．Abandoning
himself
to
________
(play)
computer
games,
Wang
Ping
has
fallen
behind
the
other
students
in
his
studies.
答案：playing
5．We
felt
at
home
with
her
and
were
impressed
with
the
________
(deep)
of
her
knowledge.
答案：depth
6．The
committee
urged
that
a
sound
and
safe
rural
financial
system
________
(set)
up
to
boost
the
rural
economy.
答案：(should)
be
set
7．After
the
earthquake,
the
first
thing
the
local
government
did
was
to
provide
________
(accommodate)
for
the
homeless
families.
答案：accommodation(s)
8．With
economy
developing
at
great
speed,
our
city
________
(witness)
quite
a
few
changes
in
recent
years.
答案：has
witnessed
9．A
lack
of
________
(aware)
of
cultural
difference
can
cause
problems.
答案：awareness
10．The
performer
was
waving
his
stick
in
the
street,
and
it
________
(narrow)
missed
the
child
standing
nearby.
答案：narrowly
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．He
said
that
the
manager
had
already
been
aware
the
problem.
________________________________________________
答案：aware后加of
2．The
broken
bike
was
found
abandoning
by
the
riverside
that
day.
________________________________________________
答案：abandoning→abandoned
3．When
I
bought
the
house,
my
sister
helped
me
of
with
a
loan.
________________________________________________
答案：of→out
4．He
was
scared
to
die
hearing
the
news.
________________________________________________
答案：die→death
5．Having
warned
about
typhoon,
the
fishermen
sailed
for
the
nearest
harbor.
________________________________________________
答案：warned前加been
Ⅲ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．Smart是我的导盲犬，经常救我于危难之中。(help
...
out)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：Smart,
my
guide
dog,
often
helps
me
out.
2．一天，我们正过马路，在我还没意识到之前，它突然停下来把我拉了回来。(be
doing
...
when
...;
aware)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：One
day,
we
were
crossing
the
street
when
Smart
paused
and
dragged
me
back
before
I
was
aware
of
it.
3．然后我听到一辆车呼啸而过。(hear复合结构)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：Then
I
heard
a
car
whistling
by.
4．当时的情景每个目睹的人都吓得要死。(witness;
scare)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：Everyone
who
witnessed
this
was
scared
to
death.
5．我相信不论发生什么，它都不会抛弃我。(abandon)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：I
believe
no
matter
what
happens
it
will
not
abandon
me.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：Smart,
my
guide
dog,
often
helps
me
out.
One
day,
we
were
crossing
the
street
when
Smart
paused
and
dragged
me
back
before
I
was
aware
of
it.
Then
I
heard
a
car
whistling
by.
Everyone
who
witnessed
this
was
scared
to
death.
I
believe
no
matter
what
happens
it
will
not
abandon
me.
PAGE
-
1
-Unit
4
Sharing
基础自主检测
阅读识记
Ⅰ.英译汉1.fortnight
n.
两星期2.platform
n.
台；平台；讲台；(火车站的)月台3.comb
n.
梳子vi.
梳(发)4.catalogue
n.
目录5.trunk
n.
树干；躯干；大衣箱6.tailor
n.
裁缝vt.
剪裁；缝制(衣服)
Ⅱ.汉译英1.roof
n.
屋顶；车顶2.muddy
adj.
泥泞的；泥土般的3.concept
n.
观念；概念4.remote
adj.
遥远的；偏僻的5.privilege
n.
特权；特别优待6.astronaut
n.
宇航员；太空人
高频应用
1.textbook
n.
教科书；课本 2.weekly
adj.&
adv.
每周(的)3.otherwise
conj.
否则；不然 adv.
用别的方法；其他方面4.toast
vt.
烤(面包等)；敬酒
n.
烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯5.purchase
vt.&
n.
买；购买
6.anniversary
n.
周年纪念(日)7.seed
n.
种子；萌芽8.click
vi.&
vt.
(使)
发出咔哒声 n.
咔哒声9.clinic
n.
门诊部；小诊所
拓展变形
1.relevant
(adj.)
有关的；切题的→irrelevant
(反义词)
(adj.)
无关紧要的；不切题的→relevance
(n.)
有关；切题→relevantly
(adv.)
有关地；切题地2.adjust
(vi.&
vt.)
调整；(使)适合→adjustable
(adj.)
可调整的→adjustment
(n.)
调整；调节；适应3.participate
(vi.)
参与；参加→participation
(n.)
参加；参与→participant
(n.)
参与者4.arrangement
(n.)
安排；排列→arrange
(v.)
安排；排列5.angle
(n.)
角；角度→angel
(形近词)
(n.)
天使6.donate
(vt.)
捐赠→donation
(n.)
捐赠；赠送→donator
(n.)
捐赠者7.voluntary
(adj.)
自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→voluntarily
(adv.)
志愿地→volunteer
(v.)
自愿
(n.)
志愿者8.economic
(adj.)
经济的；经济学的→economy
(n.)
经济→economical
(adj.)
经济的；节约的；合算的9.political
(adj.)
政治的；政党的→politics
(n.)
政治→politician
(n.)
政治家10.distribute
(vt.)
分配；分发→distribution
(n.)
分配；分发；分布状态11.financial
(adj.)
财务的；金融的；财政的→finance
(n.)
财政；资金12.security
(n.)
安全；保护；保障→secure
(adj.)
安全的；稳定的
(vt.)
(使)获得；使安全；获得安全13.operate
(vi.)
工作；运转
(vt.)
操作→operation
(n.)
手术；运转→operator
(n.)
操作人员
1.以“?s”结尾的非复数名词
①politics
政治
②news
新闻
③physics
物理
④abacus
算盘
⑤economics
经济学
⑥linguistics
语言学
2.常用“?y”结尾的形容词一览
①muddy
泥泞的
②sunny
阳光充足的
③windy
多风的；夸夸其谈的
④rainy
多雨的
⑤cloudy
多云的；阴天的
⑥foggy
雾气蒙蒙的
⑦stormy
狂风暴雨般的
⑧snowy
积雪覆盖的
3.含“?able”后缀的高频形容词
①adjustable
可调节的
②respectable
可敬的
③adaptable
可适应的
④reasonable
合理的
⑤agreeable
欣然同意的
⑥variable
可变化的
一
动词＋介/副词
1．hear
from
收到……的信
2．come
across
偶然遇到
3．stick
out
伸出
4．get
through
完成；穿过；接通电话
5．participate
in
参与……；参加……
6．dry
out
(河流、井等)干涸
7．provide
...
for
...
为……提供……
二
be＋形容词＋介词
8．(be)
dying
to
极想；渴望
9．be
relevant
to
...
和……有关
三
其他
10．the
other
day
不久前的一天
11．make
a
difference
to
对……有影响；起作用
12．in
need
在困难中；在危急中
1．“v.＋from”短语
①hear
from
收到……的信
②date
from
追溯到
③result
from
由于
④escape
from
从……逃脱
⑤benefit
from
从……中获益
2．“与……有关”多种表达
①be
relevant
to
与……有关
②be
related
to
与……有关
③be
connected
with
与……有关
④in
connection
with
与……有关/相连
⑤be
associated
with
与……有关
_________________________________________________________________
1．“名词/代词/数词＋of＋which/whom
...”引导定语从句
Sometimes
I
wonder
how
relevant
chemistry
is
to
these
students,
most_of_whom
(他们中的大多数人)
will
be
going
back
to
their
villages
after
Year
8
anyway.(教材P29)
2．doubt
whether
...
“怀疑是否……”
To
be
honest,
I
doubt_whether
(怀疑是否)
I'm
making
any
difference
to
these
boys'
lives
at
all.(教材P29)
3．do/does/did＋动词原形，对句子的谓语进行强调
But
last
weekend
another
teacher,
Jenny,
and
I
did_visit
(确实拜访了)
a
village
which
is
the
home
of
one
of
the
boys,
Tombe.(教材P29)
4．“介词＋where”引导的定语从句
We
walked
for
two
and
a
half
hours
to
get
there—first
up
a
mountain
to
a
ridge
from_where
(从那里)
we
had
fantastic
views
and
then
down
a
steep
path
to
the
valley
below.(教材P29)
5．“adj.＋enough”
结构
There
were
no
windows
and
the
doorway
was
just
big__enough__to_get_through
(足够大以进入).
(教材P30)
6．what
if
“如果……将会怎样；如果……怎么办”
She
was
dying
to
see
him
again
but
what_if_he_didn't_want_to_see_her
(如果他不想见她怎么办)？(教材P32)
7．not
...
but
...
“不是……而是……”，连接并列成分
The
gift
you
give
is
not
(不是)
something
your
loved
one
keeps
but
(而是)
a
voluntary
contribution
towards
the
lives
of
people
who
really
need
it.(教材P34)
单句语法填空
1．Thanks
for
your
letter,
________
took
a
fortnight
to
arrive.
答案：which
2．I
know
you're
dying
________
(hear)
all
about
my
life
here.
答案：to
hear
3．The
other
day
I
was
showing
the
boys
the
weekly
chemistry
experiment
________，
before
I
knew
it,
the
mixture
was
bubbling
over
everywhere!
答案：when
4．The
boys
________
had
never
come
across
anything
like
this
before
started
jumping
out
of
the
windows.
答案：who
5．That's
________
(actual)
quite
difficult
as
I
don't
speak
much
of
the
local
English
dialect
yet.
答案：actually
6．There
were
no
windows
and
the
doorway
was
just
big
enough
to
get
________.
答案：through
7．Usually
Kiak
would
sleep
in
her
own
hut,
but
that
night
she
was
going
to
share
the
platform
________
us.
答案：with
8．He
then
covered
the
vegetables
________
banana
leaves
and
left
them
to
steam.
答案：with
9．We
ate
inside
the
hut
________
(sit)
round
the
fire.
答案：sitting
10．I
loved
listening
to
the
family
softly
talking
to
each
other
in
their
language,
even
though
I
could
not
participate
________
the
conversation.
答案：in
考点步步冲关
1
adjust vi.&
vt.调整；(使)适合
The
hut
was
dark
inside
so
it
took
time
for
our
eyes
to
adjust.(P30)
小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。
(1)adjust
...
to
...
调整……以适应……
adjust
to
sth./doing
sth.
适应(做)某事
adjust
oneself
to
使自己适应于
(2)adjustment
n.
调整；调节；适应
make
an
adjustment
作出调整
(3)adjustable
adj.
可调整的
即时练1
单句语法填空
①This
kind
of
desk
can
be
________
(adjust)
to
the
height
you
need.
Besides,
it's
not
expensive
at
all.
②We
have
made
an
________
(adjust)
to
our
price
and
give
you
a
special
discount
of
3
percent.
③When
a
child
is
studying
abroad,
he
must
learn
to
adjust
to
________
(live)
on
his
own.
答案：①adjusted ②adjustment ③living
一句多译
在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情。这让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。
④Mike's
mother
did
almost
everything
for
him
when
he
was
in
high
school,
____________________________________________.(定语从句)
⑤Mike's
mother
did
almost
everything
for
him
when
he
was
in
high
school,
________________________________________.(现在分词作结果状语)
答案：④which
made
it
difficult
for
him
to
adjust
to
the
first?year
college
life ⑤making
it
difficult
for
him
to
adjust
to
the
first?year
college
life
2
participate vi.参加；参与
I
loved
listening
to
the
family
softly
talking
to
each
other
in
their
language,
even
though
I
could
not
participate
in
the
conversation.
(P30)
我很喜欢听这家人轻声细语地谈话，尽管我不能参与到他们的谈话中。
(1)participate
in
(doing)
sth.参加(做)某事
participate
with
sb.
in
sth.
与某人分担某事；同某人一起参与某事
(2)participant
n.
参加者；参与者
participation
n.
参与；参加
即时练2
单句写作
①在老师的鼓励下，参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。他们的参与鼓励了班上其他人努力学习。
Encouraged
by
the
teacher,
the
________
actively
____________
the
English
speech
contest.
Their
________
inspired
the
rest
of
the
class
to
study
hard.
答案：participants;
participated
in;
participation
单句写作——词汇升级
②有那么多的学生参加比赛，你要保持你的冠军地位很难。
a．普通表达：
So
many
students
________________
the
competition,
so
it
is
difficult
for
you
to
hold
your
championship.
b．高级表达：
____________________________
the
competition,
it
is
difficult
for
you
to
hold
your
championship.(with复合结构)
答案：a.take
part
in b．With
so
many
students
participating
in
3
donate vt.捐赠；赠送
Would
you
like
to
donate
an
unusual
gift？(P34)
你愿意捐献一份不平常的礼物吗？(1)donate
...
to
...
把……捐赠给……
(2)donation
n.
捐赠；捐献
donation
of
...
……的捐赠
make
a
donation
to
向……捐赠
(3)donator
n.
捐赠者
即时练3
单句语法填空
①Besides,
we
have
made
a
________
(donate)
of
some
money,
expecting
that
it
can
help
you
go
through
the
difficulty.
②The
doctor
is
looking
for
a
________
(donate)
with
the
rare
blood
type.
③Yesterday,
our
school
held
a
charity
benefit,
and
many
people
made
donations
________
the
Green
Project
Hope.
答案：①donation ②donator ③to
单句写作——句式升级
④这位老人为学校捐献了很多钱，让学生们重返教室。
a．普通表达：
The
old
man
________________________
the
school.
It
enables
the
students
to
return
to
their
classrooms.
b．高级表达：
________________________________________________
________________________________________________(分词作状语)
答案：a.donated
a
lot
of
money
to b．The
old
man
donated
a
lot
of
money
to
the
school,
enabling
the
students
to
return
to
their
classrooms.
4
operate vi.工作；运转；动手术 vt.操作
This
gift
covers
the
cost
of
exercise
books
and
textbooks
for
community
primary
schools
that
operate
in
poor
or
remote
villages.(P35)
这份礼物包括贫穷或偏远村庄社区小学的练习本和课本的费用。
(1)operate
on
sb.
给某人做手术
(2)operation
n.
操作；手术；运转
in
operation
工作中；使用中；生效
perform
an
operation
做手术
put
sth.
into
operation
实施某事；使某物运转
come
into
operation
开始工作；开始生效
operating
system
(计算机)操作系统
即时练4
写出下列句中operate的含义
①People
were
trapped
between
floors
because
the
lift
didn't
operate
properly.________
②No
matter
which
machine
he
operates,
he
will
deal
with
it
carefully.________
③If
the
doctor
had
operated
on
him
earlier,
he
wouldn't
have
died.
________
④The
medicine
will
operate
in
ten
minutes.________
⑤The
people
operating
these
factories
are
deeply
concerned
about
the
environment.________
答案：①运转 ②操作 ③做手术 ④起作用 ⑤经营
单句语法填空
⑥For
most
people,
it's
almost
impossible
________
(operate)
a
computer
without
a
mouse,
let
alone
surf
the
Internet.
⑦With
an
increasing
number
of
students,
the
________
(operate)
of
the
system
does
involve
a
lot
of
activities.
⑧We're
all
ready
to
put
it
________
operation;
in
other
words,
we're
going
to
take
action
as
fast
as
possible.
答案：⑥to
operate ⑦operation ⑧into
1
(be)
dying
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事
教材原句
I
know
you're
dying
to
hear
all
about
my
life
here,
so
I've
included
some
photos
which
will
help
you
picture
the
places
I
talk
about.(P29)我知道你急于了解我在这里的生活情况，所以我在信中附有几张照片，会帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。
(1)
渴望得到某物
(2)
(3)die
of/from
死于
即时练1
单句语法填空
①We've
been
walking
for
an
hour,
I'm
dying
________
a
cold
drink.
②Mike
is
eager
________
(stay)
away
from
the
busy
city
life
for
a
while.
③The
animals
died
________
starvation
in
the
snow.
答案：①for ②to
stay ③of
一句多译
退休后，这位老人渴望回到家乡度过余生。
④The
old
man
____________________________
for
the
rest
of
his
life
after
his
retirement.
(dying)
⑤The
old
man
______________________________
for
the
rest
of
his
life
after
his
retirement.
(long)
答案：④is
dying
to
go
back
to
his
hometown ⑤is
longing
to
go
back
to
his
hometown
2
in
need
在困难中；在危急中
教材原句
...
bring
hope
for
a
better
future
to
a
community
in
need.(P34)……给急需帮助的社区带来改善未来的希望。
in
need
of
需要……
satisfy/meet
one's
needs
满足某人的需要
needn't
have
done
...
本来没必要做而做了……
There
is
no
need
(for
sb.)
to
do
...
(某人)没必要做……
即时练2
单句语法填空
①Thousands
of
people
donated
money
and
food
to
children
________
need.
②Your
project
is
intended
to
meet
their
________
(need),
so
you
must
consider
their
opinions.
③We
needn't
________
(pack)
our
thick
clothes.
The
weather
was
really
warm.
④There
is
no
need
________
(put)
the
meeting
ahead
because
we
still
have
three
weeks
before
the
end
of
the
term.
⑤As
he
was
in
need
________
money,
he
was
forced
to
sacrifice
the
furniture.
答案：①in ②needs ③have
packed ④to
put ⑤of
1
We
walked
for
two
and
a
half
hours
to
get
there—first
up
a
mountain
to
a
ridge
from_where
we
had
fantastic
views
and
then
down
a
steep
path
to
the
valley
below.(P29)
翻译
我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊，从那里我们看到了奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
句中from
where引导的定语从句修饰a
ridge，关系副词where前一般不加介词，但from
where却是个例外。此处from
where相当于and
from
there
(从那儿)，用于引导非限制性定语从句。如：
He
hid
himself
in
a
tree,
from
where
he
could
see
the
enemy
in
the
distance.
他躲在一棵树上，从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。
[名师点津] 在“介词＋关系词”型定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom，而关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，除了from
where外，还有since
when(相当于and
from
then)也属特例，需特别注意。
即时练1
单句语法填空
①His
head
soon
appeared
out
of
the
window,
from
________
he
saw
nothing
but
trees.
②I
have
bought
that
house,
and
from
________
I
can
enjoy
the
beautiful
scene
of
Yangpu
Bridge.
③My
cousin
graduated
from
Beijing
Normal
University
in
2008,
since
________
he
has
worked
as
a
teacher
in
a
middle
school.
答案：①where ②there ③when
一句多译
艾丽斯站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以观看同学们踢足球。
④Alice
stood
at
the
window,
and
____________________________
her
classmates
playing
football.
⑤Alice
stood
at
the
window,
____________________________
her
classmates
playing
football.
答案：④from
there
she
could
watch ⑤from
where
she
could
watch
2
The
gift
you
give
is
not
something
your
loved
one
keeps
but
a
voluntary
contribution
towards
the
lives
of
people
who
really
need
it.(P34)
翻译
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
not
...
but
...
“不是……而是……”，在句中连接两个表语。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语的单复数形式应同就近的主语保持一致。符合“就近一致”原则的连接词组还有：
(1)not
only
...
but
also
...
不但……，而且……
(2)neither
...
nor
...
既不……，也不……
(3)either
...
or
...
或者……，或者……
[名师点津] “not
only
...
but
also
...”连接两个分句且not
only位于句首时，前一分句用倒装结构，后一分句不用倒装。
即时练2
单句写作
①不是乘客而是司机应对这次事故负责。
Not
passengers
but
the
driver
________________
for
the
accident.
②老实说，有时候投票者感到恼怒不是因为他们讨厌投票，而是因为他们在情感和公平之间左右为难。
To
be
honest,
voters
sometimes
feel
annoyed,
______________，
but
because
they
are
divided
between
emotion
and
fairness.
③我们不仅可以展出我们俱乐部的作品，而且还可以让一位这一领域的著名艺术家为我们制作一套有价值的剪纸。
______________
our
club's
works
be
displayed,
but
we
also
will
have
a
valuable
set
of
paper?cuttings
created
by
a
famous
artist
of
this
field.
④真正重要的不是你将给我们多少钱，而是你会出席这个仪式。
Not
how
much
money
you
will
give
us
but
that
you
are
present
at
the
ceremony
really
________.
答案：①is
to
blame ②not
because
they
hate
voting ③Not
only
will ④matters
定语从句综述及限制性定语从句
定语从句基本概念
在主从复合句中作定语修饰名词或代词的句子，被称作定语从句。定语从句一般跟在先行词后面。
①The
exact
year
was
2008.
Angela
and
her
family
spent
the
year
together
in
China.
→The
exact
year
which/that
Angela
and
her
family
spent
together
in
China
was
2008.
Angela和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年确切来说是2008年。
定语从句常用关系词
关系代词：that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as
关系副词：when,
where,
why
1．that/which关系代词指代物，在从句中充当主语或宾语，在介词后只能用which。
②Maybe
you
have
a
habit.
The
habit
is
driving
your
family
crazy.
→Maybe
you
have
a
habit
which/that
is
driving
your
family
crazy.
或许你有一个使你家人抓狂的习惯。
2．that/who/whom
关系代词指代人，that/who在从句中充当主语或宾语；whom
在从句中充当宾语，在介词后只能使用whom。
③Have
you
sent
thank?you
notes
to
your
friends?
You
received
gifts
from
them.
→Have
you
sent
thank?you
notes
to
your
friends
from
whom
you
received
gifts?
你给那些你从他们那儿收到礼物的朋友们寄送感谢便条了吗？
3．whose
关系代词即可指人又可指物，在从句中作定语。
④A
company
whose
profits
from
home
markets
are
declining
may
seek
opportunities
abroad.
来自国内市场的利润正在下降的公司可能向国外寻求机会。
4．as关系代词引导限制性定语从句，先行词前有so,
as,
such,
the
same等词修饰，先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
⑤This
is
the
same
pen
as
I
bought
yesterday.
这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。
5．when引导定语从句，在从句中充当时间状语，相当于“in/at/on
which”。
⑥I'm
looking
forward
to
the
day.
My
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her
on
the
day.
→I'm
looking
forward
to
the
day
on
which/when
my
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her.
我一直期待着我女儿能读懂这本书并且知道我对她感情的那一天。
6．where
引导定语从句，在从句中充当地点状语，相当于“介词＋which”。
⑦Students
should
involve
themselves
in
community
activities.
In
the
activities
they
can
gain
experience
for
growth.
→Students
should
involve
themselves
in
community
activities
in
which/where
they
can
gain
experience
for
growth.
学生们应该参与到社区活动，从中他们能获得成长的经验。
7．why
引导定语从句，在从句中充当原因状语，相当于for
which。
⑧This
is
the
reason.
I'm
in
favor
of
the
plan
for
this
reason.
→This
is
the
reason
for
which/why
I'm
in
favor
of
the
plan.
这是我赞成这个计划的原因。
8．当先行词为the
way,
并且关系词在从句中作方式状语时，可以用that，也可以用in
which，还可以省略。
⑨What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
the
way
(that/in
which)
he
said
it.
令我吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。
即时练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．This
is
the
little
girl
________
parents
were
killed
in
the
earthquake.
答案：whose
2．Some
experts
think
reading
is
the
fundamental
skill
upon________
school
education
depends.
答案：which
3．As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time________
he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
答案：when
4．I
was
impressed
by
the
way
________
which
she
did
it.
答案：in
5．They
have
reached
the
point
________
they
have
to
separate
with
each
other.
答案：where
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Do
you
know
the
professor
whom
is
speaking
at
the
meeting?
________________________________________________
答案：whom→that/who
2．Where
is
the
book
which
I
bought
it
this
morning?
________________________________________________
答案：去掉it
3．You
are
the
only
one
of
the
family
whom
has
received
education.
________________________________________________
答案：whom→that/who
4．The
reason
which
I
didn't
finish
my
homework
was
that
I
had
a
terrible
headache.
________________________________________________
答案：which→why
5．The
first
place
where
they
visited
in
Guilin
was
Elephant
Trunk
Hill.
________________________________________________
答案：where→that
基础达标演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My
parents
had
trouble
adjusting
to
________
(live)
in
an
apartment.
答案：living
2．The
doctor
said
that
the
patient
had
to
be
operated
________
at
once,
which
made
us
all
worried.
答案：on
3．It
was
________
privilege
to
perform
on
the
same
stage
with
such
a
superstar.
答案：a
4．The
application
WeChat
provides
a
networking
platform
________
communication
is
faster
and
easier.
答案：where
5．If
this
product
does
not
give
you
complete
satisfaction,
please
return
it
to
the
manufacturer,
stating
when
it
________
(purchase)．
答案：is
purchased
6．During
the
last
three
decades,
the
number
of
people
________
(participate)
in
physical
fitness
programmes
has
increased
sharply.
答案：participating
7．After
Yang
Liwei
succeeded
in
circling
the
earth,
Chinese
astronauts
are
________
(die)
to
walk
in
space.
答案：dying
8．A
local
woman
has
given
her
nine?month
baby
a
second
life
by
________
(donate)
part
of
her
liver
on
Sunday.
答案：donating
9．The
typhoon
swept
the
________
(roof)
of
many
houses,
causing
great
damage
to
the
local
people.
答案：roofs
10．Not
the
way
he
did
it
________
his
words
were
criticized
by
the
people
present.
答案：but
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Yesterday
there
was
a
sports
meeting
in
our
school
with
hundreds
of
students
participating.
________________________________________________
答案：participating后加in
2．It
is
no
need
for
us
to
wish
for
the
things
that
don't
belong
to
us.
________________________________________________
答案：It→There
3．The
little
girl
was
finally
found
hidden
behind
the
door,
from
there
she
could
hear
what
her
parents
said.
________________________________________________
答案：there→where
4．Being
abroad
for
so
many
years,
I
always
look
forward
to
hear
from
my
family.
________________________________________________
答案：hear→hearing
5．According
to
today's
news
report,
so
far
a
large
sum
of
money
has
donated
to
the
disaster?stricken
area
to
help
the
homeless
people
get
through
the
hardship.
________________________________________________
答案：has后加been
Ⅲ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．两周前，一个偏远的村庄不幸遭遇了洪灾。(remote)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：A
fortnight
ago,
a
remote
village
was
struck
by
floods
unfortunately.
2．据报道，很多人积极为困境中的人们捐款。(in
need)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：It's
reported
that
a
great
number
of
people
donated
money
to
the
people
who
were
in
need.
3．此外，还有些人为幸存者买了很多必需品。(purchase;
necessity)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：In
addition,
others
purchased
necessities
for
the
survivors.
4．令我们非常高兴的是，很多志愿者也参与到了救援工作中。(participate
in)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：Much
to
our
delight,
a
great
many
volunteers
also
participated
in
the
rescue
work.
5．事实上，大家都渴望为他们做点什么。(be
dying
to)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：Actually,
everyone
was
dying
to
do
something
for
them.
6．在大家的共同努力下，这个村庄很快得到了重建。(rebuild)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：It
was
with
the
joint
efforts
that
the
village
was
rebuilt
soon.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：A
fortnight
ago,
a
remote
village
was
struck
by
floods
unfortunately.
It's
reported
that
a
great
number
of
people
donated
money
to
the
people
who
were
in
need.
In
addition,
others
purchased
necessities
for
the
survivors.
Much
to
our
delight,
a
great
many
volunteers
also
participated
in
the
rescue
work.
Actually,
everyone
was
dying
to
do
something
for
them.
It
was
with
the
joint
efforts
that
the
village
was
rebuilt
soon.
PAGE
-
2
-Unit
5
Travelling
abroad
基础自主检测
阅读识记
Ⅰ.英译汉1.visa
n.
签证2.tutor
n.
导师；助教；家庭教师3.numb
adj.
麻木的；失去知觉的4.enterprise
n.
事业；事业心5.seminar
n.
(专题)研讨会6.battery
n.
电池(组)；电瓶；炮台7.drill
vi.&
vt.
钻(孔)n.
钻；钻机
Ⅱ.汉译英1.autonomous
adj.
自主的；自治的；独立的2.bachelor
n.
获学士学位的人；未婚男子3.cage
n.
鸟笼；兽槛4.parallel
adj.
平行的；相同的；类似的5.inn
n.
客栈
高频应用
1.queue
n.
队列；行列 vi.
排队 2.idiom
n.
习语；成语3.academic
adj.
学校的；学术的
4.essay
n.
文章；散文5.draft
n.
草稿；草案 vt.
草拟；起草6.routine
n.
常规；日常事务 adj.
通常的；例行的7.optional
adj.
可选择的；随意的
8.destination
n.
目的地
拓展变形
1.lecture
(n.
&
vi.)
演讲；讲课→lecturer
(n.)
演讲者；(大学)讲师2.qualification
(n.)
资格；资历→quality
(n.)
品质；质量→qualify
(vt.)
取得资格；使合格→qualified
(adj.)
有资格的；胜任的3.preparation
(n.)
准备；预备→prepare
(vt.)
准备4.recommend
(vt.)
推荐；建议→recommendation
(n.)
推荐；介绍；建议5.comfort
(n.)
舒适；安慰
(vt.)
安慰→comfortable
(adj.)
舒适的；安逸的；宽裕的→uncomfortable
(反义词)
(adj.)
不舒适的；不自在的→comfortably
(adv.)
舒适地6.substitute
(n.)
代用品；代替者
(vt.)
用……代替……→substitution
(n.)
代替的人(物)7.requirement
(n.)
需要；需求→require
(vt.)
需要；需求→required
(adj.)
必修的；必须的8.acknowledge
(vt.)
承认；确认；答谢→acknowledgement
(n.)
承认9.contradict
(vt.)
反驳；驳斥→contradictory
(adj.)
相矛盾的→contradiction
(n.)
驳斥；矛盾10.occupy
(vt.)
占用；占领；占据→occupation
(n.)
居住；占用；职业→occupational
(adj.)
职业的11.apology
(n.)
道歉；谢罪→apologize
(vi.)
道歉12.agent
(n.)
代理人；经纪人→agency
(n.)
代理处；中介处13.abundant
(adj.)
丰富的；充裕的→abundance
(n.)
丰富14.govern
(vt.
&
vi.)
统治；支配；管理→government
(n.)
政府；统治
“建议”高频词
①recommend
vt.
建议；推荐
②recommendation
n.
推荐；建议
③suggest
vt.
建议；提议
④suggestion
n.
建议
⑤propose
vt.
建议
⑥proposal
n.
提议；建议
⑦advise
vt.
建议；忠告
⑧advice
n.
建议
一
动词＋介/副词
1.adjust
to
适应；调节
2.keep
it
up
保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
3.fit
in
相适应；相融合
4.apply
for
申请
5.take
up
占用时间；占据空间；继续；开始从事
6.refer
to
参考；涉及
7.settle
in
(迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来
二
be＋形容词＋介词
8.get/be
used
to
对……适应；习惯
9.be
occupied
with
忙着做……；忙于某事物
三
其他
10.as
far
as
one
is
concerned
就……而言
11.day
in
and
day
out
日复一日
12.out_of
the
question
不可能的；不值得讨论的
13.in
the
company
of
在……陪伴下
1.“有无the，意不同”短语
①out
of
question
毫无疑问
out
of
the
question
不可能的
②in
prison
蹲监狱
in
the
prison
在监狱里
③in
charge
of
负责……
in
the
charge
of
由……负责
④in
church
做礼拜
in
the
church
在教堂里
⑤at
table
在吃饭
at
the
table
在饭桌旁
⑥in
possession
of
拥有
in
the
possession
of
被……占有
2.“be＋v.?ed分词＋with”短语
①be
occupied
with
忙着做……；忙于做某事
②be
bored
with
对……厌烦
③be
connected
with
与……有联系
④be
disappointed
with
对……失望
⑤be
faced
with
面临
⑥be
furnished
with
安装有；配备有
⑦be
associated
with
与……相关
________________________________________________________________
1.It/This
was
the
first
time
that
...
“这是第一次……”
It_was_the_first_time
(这是第一次)
she
had
ever
left
her
motherland.(教材P38)
2.“after＋doing”结构是动词的?ing形式作介词的宾语
After_getting_my_visa
(拿到签证后)
I
was
very
excited
because
I
had
dreamed
of
this
day
for
so
long.(教材P38)
3.what
to
do结构在句中作宾语
But
I
was
also
very
nervous
as
I
didn't
know
what_to_expect(期待什么)．(教材P38)
4.“get
＋
过去分词”用作系表结构
When
I
got_lost
(迷路)
and
had
to
ask
a
passer?by
for
directions,
I
didn't
always
understand.(教材P38)
5.as
far
as
...
is/was
concerned
“在……看来；就……而言”在句中作插入语
Besides,
as_far_as_he_was_concerned
(就他而言),
what
other
people
thought
was
not
the
most
important
thing.(教材P38)
单句语法填空
1.Six
months
ago
Xie
Lei
said
goodbye
to
her
family
and
friends
in
China
and
________
(board)
a
plane
for
London.
答案：boarded
2.She
is
halfway
through
the
preparation
year,
________
most
foreign
students
complete
before
applying
________
a
degree
course.
答案：which;
for
3.The
preparation
course
is
most
________
(benefit).
答案：beneficial
4.You
have
to
get
used
________
a
whole
new
way
of
life,
which
can
take
________
all
your
concentration
in
the
beginning.
答案：to;
up
5.“They
don't
talk
like
they
do
on
our
listening
tapes，”
she
said,
________
(laugh).
答案：laughing
6.Xie
Lei
lives
with
a
host
family
________
give
her
lots
of
good
advice.
答案：who
7.I
couldn't
write
what
other
people
had
said
without
________
(acknowledge)
them.
答案：acknowledging
8.I
should
give
my
own
opinion
and
explain
it
by
referring
________
other
authors.
答案：to
9.Xie
Lei
told
me
________
she
feels
much
more
________
home
in
England
now.
答案：that;
at
10.I
have
been
so
occupied
with
work
________
I
haven't
had
time
for
social
activities.
答案：that
考点步步冲关
1
recommend vt.推荐；介绍；劝告，建议
Xie
Lei
highly
recommends
it.(P38)
谢蕾极力推荐它(预科课程)。
(1)recommend
sth.
to
sb.向某人推荐/介绍某物
recommend
sb.
as推荐某人为……
recommend
sth.
for推荐某物做某种用途
(2)recommend
doing
建议做……
recommend
that
...
建议……(从句中用should＋do,
should可省略)
(3)recommendation
n.
建议；推荐；介绍(其后的表语从句或同位语从句用虚拟语气，即should＋do,
should可省略)
即时练1
单句语法填空
①It
is
strongly
recommended
that
the
machine
________
(check)
every
year.
②I
recommend
you
________
(think)
very
carefully
before
you
do
anything
foolish.
③The
doctor
strongly
recommended
________
(limit)
the
amount
of
fat
in
my
diet.
④The
old
man
should
listen
to
the
doctor's
recommendation
that
he
________
(stay)
in
bed
for
a
good
rest.
答案：①(should)
be
checked ②(should)
think ③limiting ④(should)
stay
单句写作——句式升级
⑤他们已经到达了目的地，在一个由旅行社推荐的旅馆安顿下来。
a．普通表达：
They
have
reached
their
destination
and
______________
an
inn.
The
inn
______________
the
travel
agent.
b．高级表达：
________________________________________________
________________________________________________(现在分词作状语；分词作定语)
答案：a.settled
in;
was
recommended
by b．Having
reached
their
destination,
they
settled
in
an
inn
recommended
by
the
travel
agent.
2
comfort n.
舒适；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事
vt.安慰
Also,
when
I
miss
my
family,
it's
a
great
comfort
to
have
a
substitute
family
to
be
with.
(P38)
还有，当我想家时，房东家就是我家的替身，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。
(1)comfort
sb.
with
sth.
用某事物来安慰某人/使某人舒适
comfort
sb.
for
sth.
因某事安慰某人
(2)give
comfort
to
安慰(某人)
in
comfort＝comfortably
舒适地；放松地
be
a
comfort
to
对……是安慰
take
comfort
in
...
从……中得到安慰
(3)comfortable
adj.
舒适的；使人舒服的
uncomfortable
adj.
不舒适的；不舒服的
comfortably
adv.
舒适地
comforting
adj.
宽慰的，令人欣慰的
[名师点津] comfort作“舒适(感)；满足(感)；安慰”讲为不可数名词，作“令人舒服/值得安慰的事”或“令人安慰的人/事”讲是可数名词。这种现象被称做“抽象名词具体化”，即：
抽象名词可数名词
高中阶段学过的类似名词还有：danger,
success,
failure,
disappointment,
shock,
surprise,
beauty,
pleasure,
honor等。
即时练2
单句语法填空
①He
comforted
himself
________
the
thought
that
she
had
died
in
the
most
beautiful
part
of
the
country.
②One
thing
I've
noticed
is
that
when
people
have
to
wait,
they
become
impatient
or
________
(comfort)．
③Now
sit
down
and
make
yourself
________
(comfort).
You
must
be
very
tired.
④The
doctor
said
some
________
(comfort)
words
to
me
and
told
me
not
to
worry
about
the
child's
illness.
答案：①with ②uncomfortable ③comfortable ④comforting
单句改错
⑤It's
comfort
to
know
that
she
is
safe.
________________________________________________
答案：comfort前加a
3
requirement n．要求；必要条件；需要
Xie
Lei's
preparation
course
is
helping
her
to
get
used
to
the
academic
requirements
of
a
Western
university.
(P38)
谢蕾的预科课程还帮助她熟悉了在西方大学里学术方面的要求。
(1)meet/satisfy
a
requirement
符合/满足要求
(2)require
vt.
需要；要求
sth.
requires
doing/to
be
done
某事需要被做
require
sb.
to
do
sth.
要求某人做某事
require
that
...
(should)
do
sth.
要求……
require
sth.
of
sb.
向某人提出某要求
[名师点津] (1)require表示“需要”，且句子主语为表示事物的名词时，接含有被动意义的非谓语动词，不定式用被动结构，而动名词用主动结构，即require
to
be
done或require
doing。
(2)require接that从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即(should＋)do的形式；其名词requirement后的表语从句或同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气。
即时练3
单句写作
①首先，我坚信我有能力满足你们的要求。
Firstly,
I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
I
am
competent
to
__________________.
②这些树太小了，它们需要细心照料。
These
trees
are
so
young
that
they
______________________
carefully.
③要求所有成员都出席这次会议。
All
the
members
________________________
the
meeting.
④当时的情况需要我们立刻作出决定。
The
situation
required
that
we
______________
an
immediate
decision.
⑤你让她等到下周的要求是合乎情理的。
Your
requirement
that
she
________________
till
next
week
is
reasonable.
答案：①meet/satisfy
your
requirements ②require
looking
after/to
be
looked
after ③are
required
to
attend ④(should)
make ⑤(should)
wait
4
occupy vt.占用；占领；占据
I
have
been
so
occupied
with
work
that
I
haven't
had
time
for
social
activities.(P39)
我一直忙于学习，以至于我没有时间参与社会活动。(1)occupy
sb./oneself
with
sth.
忙于某事
occupy
sb./oneself
in
doing
sth.
忙于做某事
occupy
one's
mind/thoughts/attention占据某人的头脑/思想/注意力
(2)be
occupied
(in)
doing
sth.
忙于做某事
keep
sb.
occupied
使某人忙碌
be
occupied
with
(doing)
sth.
忙于做某事
(3)occupation
n.
占领；职业；工作
(4)“忙于……的”其他表达
be
busy
doing
sth./with
sth.
be
engaged
in
doing
sth.
be
buried
in
sth.
be
employed
in
sth.
即时练4
单句语法填空
①He
would
have
attended
your
birthday
party
but
he
had
occupied
himself
________
a
very
important
experiment.
②It
was
a
very
small
room,
with
a
big
bed
________
(occupy)
most
of
the
space.
③He
returned
from
Paris
and
found
his
office
was
under
someone
else's
________
(occupy)．
④I
noticed
Mother
looking
at
a
nearby
table
________
(occupy)
by
an
elderly
woman
and
a
young
couple.
答案：①with ②occupying ③occupation ④occupied
一句多译
该教授忙于办公室工作，很少有时间搞家务。
⑤The
professor
______________________________
he
has
little
time
for
the
housework.
(so
...
that
...)
⑥________________________________
he
has
little
time
for
the
housework.
(倒装句)
答案：⑤is
so
occupied
with
his
office
work
that ⑥So
occupied
with
his
office
work
is
the
professor
that
1
keep
it
up
保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
教材原句
KEEP
IT
UP,
XIE
LEI(P38)谢蕾，再接再厉
keep
up
坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)
keep
up
(with)赶上；不落在后面
keep
in
touch
with与……保持联系
keep
...
out
of
不使……入内；不惹事
keep
away
from
远离……；避开
记住……
keep
back阻止；隐瞒
keep
down
抵制；控制
keep
(on)
doing继续做……
即时练1
用keep相关短语的适当形式填空
①I
need
a
cellphone
to
________________
my
friends
and
family.
②The
modern
world
has
been
developing
very
fast.
Every
country
must
______________
the
time.
③Old
people
are
still
____________
old
traditions,
to
which
they
have
been
accustomed.
④The
teacher
always
asks
his
students
to
__________________
that
sometimes
the
rough
road
is
the
only
access
to
the
peak.
⑤You're
doing
great.
You
just
______________！
答案：①keep
in
touch
with ②keep
up
with ③keeping
up ④keep
it
in
mind ⑤keep
it
up
2
fit
in
相适应；相融合
教材原句
Chinese
student
fitting
in
well
(P38)中国学生适应能力强
(1)fit
sb.
(大小)适合某人
fit
in
(with
sb./sth.)适应(某人/某事)；与(某人/某事)合得来；相处得来
(2)be
fit
to
do
sth.
适合做某事
be
fit
for
胜任；适合……
keep
fit
保持健康
即时练2
用fit相关短语的适当形式填空
①He
has
never
done
this
type
of
work
before;
I'm
not
sure
whether
he'll
______________.
②She
seldom
communicates
with
others
so
she
doesn't
________________
the
class.
③She
is
not
________________
look
after
children.
④Sports
can
help
you
______________
and
get
in
touch
with
nature.
答案：①fit
in ②fit
in
with ③fit
to ④keep
fit
1
Besides,
as_far_as_he_was_concerned,_what
other
people
thought
was
not
the
most
important
thing.(P38)
翻译
此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。
as
far
as
sb./sth.
is
concerned
在某人看来；就某人或某事而言
so/as
far
as
I
can
see
依我看来
so/as
far
as
I
know
就我所知
as
far
as
the
eye
can
see
就视线所及
so/as
far
as
I
can
remember
据我所记得的
as
...
as
possible＝as
...
as
sb.
can/could
尽可能……/尽某人所能……
so/as
long
as
只要；像……一样长
as
soon
as
一……就……
as
much/many
as
与……一样多；多达……
as
far
as
远到；就……而言；至于
即时练1
单句写作
①在我看来，当你发现环境不可改变时，就改变你的态度。
__________________，
change
your
attitude
when
you
find
the
environment
unchangeable.
②依我看，那是极不可能的。
________________，
that's
very
unlikely.
③我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。
I
love
my
motherland
________________
you
love
yours.
④在那种情况下，尽快请求面谈并道歉。
In
that
case,
ask
to
speak
in
person
____________________
and
say
sorry.
⑤只要你按时上床睡觉，应该在几天后就自然适应早起30分钟了。
______________
you
go
to
bed
on
time,
getting
up
30
minutes
earlier
should
seem
natural
after
just
a
few
days.
答案：①As
far
as
I'm
concerned ②As/So
far
as
I
can
see ③as
much
as ④as
soon
as
possible ⑤As/So
long
as
2
More
importantly,
I
am
now
a_more_autonomous_learner.(P39)
翻译
更重要的是，我现在是一个更加主动的学习者。
(1)“a＋比较级＋名词”句式若用于肯定句中，意为“一个更为……的……”，含强调意味。
(2)表两者之中“较……”，用“the＋比较级＋of＋the
two”。
(3)表“越来越……”，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more
and
more＋原级”。
(4)表“越……就越……”，用“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”。
(5)否定词加比较级表示最高级。
即时练2
单句写作
①我们要成为一支更加团结的队伍。
We
need
to
become
__________________.
②你越努力，进步就越快。
The
harder
you
work,
____________________________.
③由于冬天临近，天气越来越冷了。
As
the
winter
is
drawing
near,
it's
getting
__________________.
④我完全同意你。(再同意不过了。)
I
________________________.
答案：①a
more
united
team ②the
more
progress
you
will
make ③colder
and
colder ④can't
agree
with
you
more
非限制性定语从句
概念：非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分进行进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后，其他部分仍可成立。
①Yesterday
I
met
Li
Lei,
and
he
seemed
to
be
very
busy.
(用非限制性定语从句改写)
→Yesterday
I
met
Li
Lei,
who
seemed
to
be
very
busy.
昨天我遇到了李磊，他似乎非常忙。
先行词：在非限制性定语从句中，先行词既可以是一个词，也可以是一个句子，这时关系词用which。
②In
the
presence
of
so
many
people,
he
was
a
little
tense
and
that
was
understandable.(用定语从句改写)
→In
the
presence
of
so
many
people,
he
was
a
little
tense,
which
was
understandable.
如此多的人在场，他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。
非限制性定语从句的关系词
1．which代替物，在从句中作主语或宾语，且不可省略，也不能用that代替。
③I
borrowed
the
book
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week.
My
classmates
recommended
it
to
me.(用定语从句合并)
→I
borrowed
the
book
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week,
which
my
classmates
recommended
to
me.
我上周从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯》这本书，这是我同学向我推荐的。
2．指人时，主格用who,
宾格用whom。
④After
the
flooding,
people
were
suffering
in
that
area.
They
urgently
needed
clean
water,
medicine
and
shelter
to
survive.(用定语从句合并)
→After
the
flooding,
people
were
suffering
in
that
area,
who
urgently
needed
clean
water,
medicine
and
shelter
to
survive.
洪灾之后，那个地区的人们正在遭受痛苦，为了生存，他们急需干净的水、药品和住处。
3．表示所属用whose。
⑤Li
Ming
is
absent
from
school
today.
His
mother
has
been
ill
for
2
days.(用定语从句合并)
→Li
Ming,
whose
mother
has
been
ill
for
2
days,
is
absent
from
school
today.
李明今天没来上学，他妈妈病了两天了。
4．关系副词when,
where引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作状语，why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
⑥Last
Sunday,
he
reached
Nanjing
and
a
conference
was
to
be
held
there.(用定语从句改写)
→Last
Sunday,
he
reached
Nanjing,
where
a
conference
was
to
be
held.
上周日他到了南京，在那里将有一个会议要举行。
5．“介词＋关系代词”可以引导非限制性定语从句。
⑦I
finished
my
work
ahead
of
time
and
after
that
I
went
home.(用定语从句改写)
→I
finished
my
work
ahead
of
time,
after
which
I
went
home.
我提前完成了我的工作，然后我回家了。
6．“名词/数词/代词＋of
which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句。
⑧The
buses
were
surrounded
by
old
men.
Most
of
the
buses
were
already
full.(用定语从句合并)
→The
buses,
most
of
which
were
already
full,
were
surrounded
by
old
men.
这些公交车大部分已经满了，它们被老人们围住了。
即时练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Previous
studies
have
also
indicated
that
milk
can
be
excellent
for
helping
sleep
because
of
the
calcium
content,
________
helps
people
to
relax.
答案：which
2．The
children,
all
of
________
had
played
the
whole
day
long,
were
worn
out.
答案：whom
3．They
went
to
London,
________
they
lived
for
six
months.
答案：where
4．There,
lying
in
the
muddy
river
bed
was
a
little
dog
about
two
months
old,
________
front
legs
were
tightly
tied
with
ropes.
答案：whose
5．Hangzhou,
________
we
spent
last
spring,
is
one
of
the
most
beautiful
cities
in
China.
答案：where
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Jamie,
which
parents
lived
in
a
remote
village,
hated
the
idea.
________________________________________________
答案：which→whose
2．I
didn't
become
a
serious
climber
until
the
fifth
grade,
where
I
went
up
to
rescue
a
kite
that
was
stuck
in
the
branches
of
a
tree.
________________________________________________
答案：where→when
3．Until
now,
we
have
raised
50,000
pounds
for
the
poor
children,
what
is
quite
unexpected.
________________________________________________
答案：what→which
4．I
have
an
American
friend,
Marianne,
she
lives
alone
but
has
a
pet
dog,
Sparky.
________________________________________________
答案：she→who
5．These
new
neighbors,
whom
I
was
introduced
yesterday,
come
from
Beijing.
________________________________________________
答案：whom前加to
基础达标演练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
think
it
is
the
first
time
that
I
________
(work)
hard
since
I
entered
Senior
Three.
答案：have
worked
2．Every
time
he
had
a
chance,
he
would
talk
about
the
great
difficulty
he
had
________
(settle)
in
the
new
country.
答案：settling
3．On
the
highest
plateau
in
the
world
________
(lie)
the
Potala
Palace,
one
of
the
famous
ancient
Chinese
buildings.
答案：lies
4．Having
lived
in
the
city
for
a
long
time,
I
found
I
could
fit
in
________
the
life
of
the
countryside
more.
答案：with
5．It
is
________
(acknowledge)
that
wealth
doesn't
necessarily
mean
happiness.
答案：acknowledged
6．It
is
required
that
the
new
employees
________
(provide)
with
safety
training
before
they
start
to
work.
答案：(should)
be
provided
7．There
were
a
lot
of
people
at
the
party,
many
of
________
I
had
known
for
years.
答案：whom
8．Walking
alone
in
the
dark,
the
boy
whistled
to
keep
________
his
courage.
答案：up
9．________
(occupy)
myself
with
routine
office
tasks,
I
had
no
time
to
care
for
my
children.
答案：Occupying
10．It
is
recommended
that
you
________
(make)
friends
to
adjust
to
the
new
environment.
答案：(should)
make
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It
is
such
a
great
hotel
that
I
would
recommend
it
any
friend
of
mine
who
is
going
to
Beijing.
________________________________________________
答案：第二个it后加to
2．Doctors
strongly
recommended
that
my
father
must
take
more
exercise
regularly.
________________________________________________
答案：must→should或去掉must
3．Being
able
to
afford
a
drink
would
be
comfort
in
those
tough
times.
________________________________________________
答案：comfort前加a
4．I
was
feeling
a
bit
nervous
because
it
was
the
first
time
that
I
left
my
village
to
a
big
city.
________________________________________________
答案：left前加had
5．He
has
got
used
to
live
in
the
remote
mountainous
village
without
any
modern
conveniences.
________________________________________________
答案：live→living
Ⅲ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．一年前我离开父母来到美国深造。(head
for)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：A
year
ago,
leaving
my
parents,
I
headed
for
America
for
further
study.
2．刚开始我不适应这儿的生活，但渐渐地，我融入了新的班级中。(adjust
to;
fit
in)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：At
the
beginning
I
couldn't
adjust
to
the
life
here,
but
gradually,
I
was
able
to
fit
in
with
the
new
class.
3．在老师的帮助下，我的成绩一直保持得很好。(keep
up)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：With
the
help
of
the
teachers,
I
have
kept
up
my
grades
till
now.
4．令我惊讶的是，现在导师要推荐我到哈佛大学。(recommend)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：To
my
surprise,
my
tutor
recommends
me
to
Harvard
University.
5．除了全身心地投入学习外，我不知道如何去感谢他的支持。(occupy
oneself
with)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：I
don't
know
how
to
acknowledge
his
help
except
that
I
occupy
myself
with
learning.
6．毫无疑问，没有他的帮助，这些成绩是不可能的。(out
of
the
question)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：There
is
no
doubt
that
without
his
help,
these
achievements
are
out
of
the
question.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：A
year
ago,
leaving
my
parents,
I
headed
for
America
for
further
study.
At
the
beginning
I
couldn't
adjust
to
the
life
here,
but
gradually,
I
was
able
to
fit
in
with
the
new
class.
Fortunately,
with
the
help
of
the
teachers,
I
have
kept
up
my
grades
till
now.
To
my
surprise,
my
tutor
recommends
me
to
Harvard
University.
I
don't
know
how
to
acknowledge
his
help
except
that
I
occupy
myself
with
learning.
There
is
no
doubt
that
without
his
help,
these
achievements
are
out
of
the
question.
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