(共54张PPT)
状语从句
时间状语从句
1.When 引导时间状语从句,意为“正在这时”,常用于以下句式:
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们刚要出发,突然下起雨来。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正开着会突然有人闯入。
He had just fallen asleep when the phone rang.
他刚刚睡着电话就响了。
注意: when 可表原因,意为“既然”。
(2007·山东卷)How can you expect to learn anything when you never listen.既然你什么也听不下去你怎么期望学东西呢?
2.as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)
这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,常译为“一……就……”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
The moment I heard the voice,I knew father was coming.
我一听到那个声音,我就知道父亲来了。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们刚到车站,火车就离站了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
My sister came directly she got my short message.
我姐姐一收到我的短信就来了。
3.on doing sth./on one’s +n.也可表示“一……就……”,引导时间状语。
On arriving at the station,the thief was caught.
贼一到车站就被抓了。
On his arrival in London,he called his father up.
他一到伦敦就给他父亲打了个电话。
4.before
(1)若表示“还未……就……;不到……就……;……才……;趁……;还没来得及……就……”时,需用连词before。
He rushed out of the room before I told him the news.
我还没来得及告诉他消息,他就冲出了房间。
Please write it down before you forget it.
趁你现在没忘把它记下来。
(2)It will be+一段时间+before...多久之后才……
It will be half a year before I come back.
还得呆半年我才能回来。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
没多长时间我们就会见面的。
1.(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Tom was about to close the window his attention was caught by a bird.
A.when B.if
C.and D.till
解析: 句意为:汤姆正要关上窗户,就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。在句式“...be about to do when...”中,when作并列连词,相当于and at that time,句中was about to do为标志词,故答案为A项。
答案: A
2.(2010·日照市调研考试)Jerry rushed home________he heard the news,only________that his house had been burnt down and all the furniture burnt out.
A.as soon as;finding B.immediately;to find
C.the moment;find D.when;found
解析: 考查状语从句和不定式。语意是:Jerry一听到消息就跑回家,结果却发现自己的房子被烧毁了,所有的家具都已化成灰烬。第一空表示“一……就……”,A、B、C三项都可以,但从第二空分析,只能用不定式,only to find“结果却发现”,表示出人意料的结果。
答案: B
3.(2010·陕西卷)John thinks it won’t be long________he is ready for his new job.
A.when B.after
C.before D.since
解析: 句意为:约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。本题考查句式It won’t be long before...,表示“过不了多久就……”。
答案: C
4.(2010·安徽卷)Just use this room for the time being,and we’ll offer you a larger one________it becomes available.
A.as soon as B.unless
C.as far as D.until
解析: 句意为:暂用这个房间吧,一有可能,我们就会马上给你提供一个大点的房子。本题考查连词。as soon as一……就……,引导时间状语从句。unless除非;as far as远到,至于;until直到。
答案: A
条件状语从句
1.通常由if,unless如果不,除非,as (so) long as只要,in case(that)“结 果,万一”等连词引导。
In case anything important happens,please call me up.
万一发生了什么重要事情,请打电话给我。
(2009·陕西卷)My parents don’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy.
我父母不在乎我从事什么样的工作,只要我高兴就好。
(2009·浙江卷)The medicine works more effectively if you drink some hot water after taking it.
这种药如果你热水送服,会更加有效。
2.由on condition(that);provided(that);providing (that)(假若;倘使);supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。
You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。
Supposing it rains tomorrow,what shall we do
假设明天下雨我们做什么?
1.(2010·上海卷)________our manager objects to Tom’s joining the club,we shall accept him as a member.
A.Until B.Unless
C.If D.After
解析: 句意为:我们愿意接收汤姆为我们的成员,除非经理反对他加入本俱乐部。选项中的四个词都可以连接从句。但是这里存在条件关系,故排除A(直到)和D(在……之后),而语境存在否定条件,故排除C(如果)。
答案: B
2.(2010·南通一模)—Shall we attend the concert this evening
—Great idea,________we can do some shopping first.
A.when B.where
C.since D.if
解析: 本题考查连词的用法。句意是:我们今晚去听音乐会,怎么样?要是我们先买些东西就更好了。根据句意,应选D。
答案: D
3.(2010·江西卷)—Our holiday cost a lot of money.
—Did it?Well,that doesn’t matter________you enjoyed yourselves.
A.as long as B.unless
C.as soon as D.though
解析: 句意为:——我们这次度假花了很多钱。——是吗?没关系,只要你们玩得高兴就行。本题考查连词的用法。as long as只要;unless除非;as soon as一……就;though 尽管,虽然。
答案: A
条件状语从句
1.通常由连词where和wherever 引导,从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。
(2009·山东卷)The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.
那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她母亲。
Keep in touch with your family members wherever you are in the world.不管你在世界上的什么地方,都要跟家人保持联系。
2.地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
Where there’s a will,there’s a way.
有志者事竟成。
Where(ver) there’s plenty of sun and rain,the fields are green.
哪里阳光雨水充足,哪里的田野就绿油油。
1.(2010·重庆卷)Today,we will begin________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
A.when B.where
C.how D.what
解析: 句意为:今天,我们将从昨天停下的地方开始讲解,目的是为了不漏掉要点。考查地点状语从句。首先排除what,what不能引导状语从句;when 引导时间状语从句;how 引导方式状语从句。只有where 引导地点状语从句。
答案: B
2.(2011·龙岩检测)My mother likes everything in order,and she always reminds us to put things back________we get them from.
A.so that B.in which
C.once D.where
解析: 考查状语从句。where we get them from是地点状语从句。
答案: D
1.由although,though,as 引导的状语从句although 和though 同义,用法基本相同。前者较正式,多置于句首;后者较通俗、口语化。
(2009·湖南卷)Although the police thought he was the most likely one,since they had no exact proof about it,they would not arrest him.尽管警察认为他是最有可能的一个,由于没有确凿的证据,他们就不能拘留他。
让步状语从句
注意: as 引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语,语序要倒装。
Difficult as the task was,they managed to finish it in time.
虽然这项任务很难,他们还是设法及时完成了。
Child as he is,he knows a lot.
尽管他是个孩子,但是他知道得很多。
2.even if,even though表示“即使,纵然”,有退一步设想的意味,多用于书面语中。
I’ll do it,even if it takes me all the afternoon.
我要做这件事,即使它将花去我整个下午的时间。
Even if he did say so,we could not be sure that he was telling the truth.即使他这样说,我们也不能确定他是否说了真话。
3.whether(...or)引导让步状语从句,提供两个或两个以上假设。
Whether I go alone or he goes with me,the result will be the same.
我自己走还是他跟我一起走结果都是相同的。
4.由wh-词+ever引导让步状语从句。
Keep calm,whatever happens.
不管发生什么都保持冷静。
Whenever you call on me,you are always welcome.
不管何时你来看我,我都欢迎。
1.(2011·海南五校联考)Mother’s love is true love!She’s never stopped loving you ________you become or you do.
A.whichever B.however
C.whatever D.whoever
解析: 考查状语从句的引导词。whatever 引导状语从句并在从句中作宾语。语意为:母爱是真正的爱。无论你做什么,变成什么样,她都会一如既往地爱你。
答案: C
2.(2010·湖南卷)Tim is in good shape physically________he doesn’t get much exercise.
A.if B.even though
C.unless D.as long as
解析: 句意为:尽管Tim进行的锻炼不多,但他的体型很好。本题考查状语从句。if如果,引导条件状语从句;even though =even if即使,引导让步状语从句;unless如果不,引导条件状语从句;as long as只要,引导条件状语从句。根据句意可知答案为B项。
答案: B
3.(2011·烟台四校联考)________published fifty years ago,his work still attracts much attention at present.
A.In spite B.Though
C.Apart from D.Despite
解析: 考查状语从句。句意为:尽管他的作品是在50年前出版的,但现在依然受到广泛关注。此处为省略的状语从句,其主语是his work,还原完整为:Though his work was published fifty years ago,his work still attracts much attention at present.C、D两项为介词,后面应跟名词或者名词短语,A项常用于in spite of 短语。
答案: B
1.(2010·辽宁卷)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ________he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A.although B.unless
C.because D.if
解析: 句意为:那位老人请Lucy换坐另一个椅子,因为他想挨着他妻子 坐。本题考查状语从句引导词。由句意分析前后为因果关系,所以选because。A.尽管;B.除非;C.因为;D.如果。
答案: C
2.(2010·上海卷)________you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A.However a serious problem B.What a serious problem
C.However serious a problem D.What serious a problem
解析: 句意为:不论你的问题有多严重,你都应该鼓起勇气,接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句,what不能用来引导状语从句,所以排除B、D两项;however+adj.+a/an+单数名词=whatever+a/an+adj.+单数名词,故C项正确。
答案: C
3.(2010·四川卷)Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break________she got to her office.
A.since B.that
C.when D.until
解析: 句意为:因为路上堵车,她到办公室时已经是吃午饭的时间了。本题考查状语从句。只有C项符合句意。
答案: C
4.(2010·安徽卷)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,________they have the interest.
A.wherever B.whenever
C.even if D.as if
解析: 句意为:工程师们如此忙碌,以至于没时间做户外活动,即使他们对做户外活动很感兴趣。本题考查连词。even if 即使,引导让步状语从句。wherever 无论什么地方;whenever 无论什么时候;as if 好像。
答案: C
5.(2010·北京卷)________they decide which college to go to,students should research the admission procedures.
A.As B.While
C.Until D.Once
解析: 句意为:一旦学生们决定了要上哪所大学,他们就应该研究申请 此大学的程序了。本题考查状语从句。as当……时,由于;while 当……时, 尽管;until直到;once一旦。根据句意选择D项。
答案: D
6.(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The little boy won’t go to sleep________his mother tells him a story.
A.or B.unless
C.but D.whether
解析: 句意为:除非妈妈给他讲故事,否则小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。or或者,否则;unless除非;but但,除……之外;whether 是否。根据语境可知,这里用unless表示“除非……否则……”。
答案: B
7.(2010·山东卷)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,________accompanied by an adult.
A.once B.when
C.if D.unless
解析: 句意为:学校制度规定:在白天,除非有大人陪同,否则不允许孩子走出校园。考查状语从句。A.一旦;B.当……的时候;C.如果;D.除非。
答案: D
8.(2010·福建卷)The girl had hardly rung the bell________the door was opened suddenly,and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A.before B.until
C.as D.since
解析: 句意为:这个女孩刚一按门铃,门就突然打开了,她的朋友冲出来迎接她。本题考查固定句型hardly...when/before...,意为“一……就……”。
答案: A
9.(2009·江苏卷)________unemployment and crime are high,it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
A.Before B.Where
C.Unless D.Until
解析: 句意为:在失业率和犯罪率高的地方,可以想像得到,后者是由前者引起的。Before 在……之前;Where 在……地方;Unless 除非;Until 直到。
答案: B
10.(2009·福建卷)She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
A.when B.while
C.after D.since
解析: 句意为:昨天她刚做完作业,她妈妈就让她练钢琴。when在本句 中作并列连词,意为:and at that time。while作并列连词,表示“对比转 折”;after为从属连词或介词,意为“在……之后”;since自从……时候, 既然……。
答案: A
1.(2011·济南模拟)Never believe anything________any other person has believed it.Use your own head.
A.that B.unless
C.because D.once
解析: 考查状语从句。句意为:不要因为他人相信什么事情,你就相信。动动你的脑子。此题学生会理解为定语从句,但注意any other person has believed it 是完整的句子,不缺少主语和宾语。
答案: C
2.(2011·潍坊第一次模拟)It will be some time ________ we know the full results.
A.if B.since
C.when D.before
解析: 考查状语从句。句意为:还要过一段时间我们才能知道全部结果。It will be some time before表示“做某事要一段时间,过段时间才……”。
答案: D
3.(2011·潍坊质量监测)I don’t think she’ll be sad but I’ll go and comfort her ________ she is.
A.in case B.as if
C.even though D.unless
解析: 考查状语从句。句意为“我认为她不会难过的,但是为防万一我还是去安慰一下她”。据此判断选择in case“以防;万一”。其他三项不符合语意。
答案: A
4.(2010·4月济南模拟)________ the news,so far,has been good,there may be bad days ahead.
A.When B.While
C.If D.Since
解析: 考查状语从句。句意为:虽然到目前为止都是好消息,但坏日子 可能还在后头。这里只有while表示“虽然”,故选B项。when表示“当……时 候”;if表示“如果……”;since表示“由于,因为”。
答案: B
5.(2011·济宁第二次联考)The house was greatly damaged by the truck.We’d better leave things ________ they are until the police arrive.
A.since B.as
C.though D.unless
解析: 考查状语从句。句意为:卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。as引导方式状语从句,意为“照……方式”。leave things as they are意为“任其自然”。
答案: B
6.(2011·陕西宝鸡检测)At the bad news,she was so sad I had to stay here keeping her ________.
A.that;companion B.then;companies
C.that;company D.and;accompany
解析: 考查结果状语从句及固定搭配。句意为:听到那个不好的消息, 她如此悲伤以至于我得留下来陪她。此句采用了so...that...结构,that引导 结果状语从句;keep pany为固定表达,意思为“陪伴某人”或“给某人作伴”。
答案: C
7.(2011·陕西教学质量检测)I’m going to France for further study of art.Therefore,________ difficult it is,I’ll try my best to make greater improvement.
A.whatever B.however
C.whenever D.wherever
解析: 考查状语从句。因为difficult是形容词,故由however修饰,表示“无论它多困难……”,故选B项。
答案: B
8.(2011·黑龙江检测)How the loans are paid should be of little concern to the bank ________ they are paid on time.
A.as well as B.as soon as
C.as long as D.as far as
解析: 考查词组辨析。句意为:对银行而言,只要贷款准时还,至于如何还倒不重要。这里用as long as“只要……”,引导条件状语从句;as well as表示“也,同……一样”;as soon as表示“一……就”;as far as则表示“远达……就……而言”。根据语意选C项。
答案: C
9.(2011·日照市调研考试)—Won’t you go shopping with your mother
—No.________ she promises to buy me a new sweater.
A.Now that B.If only
C.As though D.Unless
解析: 考查连词。此句是承前省略的状语从句,省略了主句。句意为:除非她答应给我买一件新毛衣,否则我不去。unless表示“除非”。
答案: D
10.(2010·南京第三次模拟)—I think this accident happened for many reasons.
—Richard is partly to blame,________ way you look at it.
A.what B.which
C.whatever D.whichever
解析: 根据句意可知逗号之后是一个让步状语从句,whatever后面跟名词时,常用whatever+the+名词的结构,whichever可直接修饰名词。语意为:无论从哪一个方面看,Richard都应该承担部分责任。
答案: D
11.(2011·东北三省四市联考)—We should recycle everything we can.
—Absolutely.These may seem little things,but they’re not ________ it comes to saving the environment.
A.since B.when
C.while D.as
解析: 考查连词。when it comes to...是固定用法,意思是“当提到……当涉及……”。其他几项不合题意。
答案: B
12.(2011·厦门市质量检查)The UN officials say it could be many weeks and even months ________ a deal is reached.
A.before B.after
C.when D.as
解析: 考查时间状语从句。在协议达成之前还需要许多星期甚至几个月。before在本句中可以理解为“还要过(多久)才会……”。
答案: A
13.(2010·南京第三次模拟)You can’t complain of being lonely ________ you don’t make an effort to meet people and make friends with them.
A.while B.when
C.whenever D.though
解析: 本题考查状语从句。when在本题中的含义是“considering that...”,即“考虑到,既然”。
答案: B
14.(2010·陕西教学质量检测)—What does the notice say
—It says the basketball matches will go on ________ it rains.
A.if B.as though
C.unless D.when
解析: 考查状语从句。语意表示“除非下雨,要不然篮球赛将会继续 举行”。这里unless引导条件状语从句,表示“除非,如果不……”,符合 语意。if表示“如果……”;as though表示“似乎”;when则表示“当……的时候”。
答案: C
15.(2010·苏州一模)—Some Chinese students find it difficult to understand native speakers when in London.
—Exactly,________ they’ve learned a lot about grammar and known many words.
A.if only B.now that
C.as if D.even if
解析: 本题考查连词辨析。if only要是……多好;now that既然;as if好像;even if即使。句意为:一些中国学生发现在伦敦要理解当地人很难,即使他们学了很多语法而且认识许多单词。
答案: D
练规范、练技能、练速度