2011中考复习名词用法总结（171张幻灯片）

(共171张PPT)
表示人、事物、地方、现象
或抽象概念等的名称的词叫
名词
名词
一.名词的种类
二.名词的数
三.名词的所有格
一.名词的种类
名词的种类
专有名词
普通名词
专有名词指人、地方、
团体、机构的特有名称。
它的第一个字母必须大写。
但是前面一般不加冠词。
一.人名、国名、地名
专有
名词
二.星期、 月份、节日
三.由普通名词构成的
专有名词
Bill China Paris
Monday June
Children’s Day
三.由普通名词构成的专有名词
the Great Wall 长城
the Forbidden City紫禁城
the White House 白宫
the要小写
中国以瓷器文明。
China is famous for
China.
china.
教师节就要来了。
Teachers’ day is coming.
Day
二.名词的数
名词的数
可数名词
不可数名词
Can you
recognize
meat
park
orange
month
boy
monkey
woman
water
tea
可数名词
的复数
规则变化
不规则变化
规则变化
1.词尾加S。
pen –pens
park –parks
girl – girls
2.s,x,ch,sh结尾加s
bus –buses
watch –watches
box – boxes
dish –dishes
3.f,fe结尾把f,fe变ves
wife –wives
shelf –shelves
half – halves
thief –thieves
3.f结尾直接s
roof–roofs
belief–beliefs
4.元加y加s
boy –boys
key –keys
toy – toys
5.辅加y，y变ies
city –cities
family –families
country – countries
party –parties
6.以o结尾，两人两菜加es
hero –heroes
potato –potatoes
Negro – Negroes
tomato –tomatoes
其余加s
其余加s
zoo–zoos
photo–photos
radio–radios
规则变化读音
six books/ s /
one/a book
a car
two cars/ z /
a bus
buses/ z /
one boat
boats/ s /
ts/ ts/
five birds/ z /
ds/ dz/
a bird /one bird
规则变化读音
轻读[s]
元音结尾还读[z]；
浊读[z],
-ds[dz]。
-ts[ts],
potato
knife
mouse
sheep
watch
potatoes
knives
mice
sheep
watches
woman
knife
leaf
Japanese
tomato
women
knives
leaves
Japanese
tomatoes
deer
people
man
tooth
child
deer
people
men
teeth
children
goose
goat
foot
American
child
geese
goats
feet
Americans
children
规则变化
1.单复数相同。
sheep –sheep
Chinese –Chinese
deer– deer
Japanese –Japanese
Chinese
Japanese
Chinese
Japanese
Englishman
Frenchman
Englishmen
Frenchmen
German
American
Russian
Indian
Germans
Americans
Russians
Indians
German
American
Russian
Indian
2.变内部元音字母。
foot –feet
man –men
tooth – teeth
mouse –mice
3.词尾加en/ren。
child –children
ox – oxen
1.变主体名词
sister-in-law
sisters-in-law
boy-classmate
boy-classmates
2.两个都变，man,woman
woman teacher
women teachers
man doctor
men doctors
is--- are
this---these
that---those
she / he / it ---they
What ____ _____
What is that
are those
They’re some very tall buildings.
It’s a very tall building.
He often has lunch at school.
They often have lunch at school.
不可数名词的数量表达
不可数名词本身不可数，但可借助单位量词表示一定的数量
a piece of bread
一片面包
a piece of news
一条新闻
a piece of paper
一张纸
a cup of tea
一杯茶
a cup of coffee
一杯咖啡
不可数名词的数量表达
还可用much，little，
a little，some，any，
no，lots of，plenty of
much money
许多钱
some milk
一些牛奶
a little French
一点法语
不可数名词
前不加a/an
后不加s
be动词用is.
a lot of
lots of
plenty of
many
much
____ ____ _____ ___ ____ have
I have some friends.
How many friends
do you
How many bottles of water are there on the table
There are 3 bottles of water on the table.
How much bread is there on the plate
There is much bread on the plate.
问多少？
How many问多少
后加名词的复数
How much问多少
后加不可数名词
三.名词的所有格
Lily的鸟
Lily’s bird
爸爸的车
father’s car
小狗的尾巴
dog’s tail
Lily’s bird
father’s car
dog’s tail
’s
’s
’s
有生命加’S
老师们的办公室
男孩们的球
boys’ ball
母亲节
Mothers’ Day
teachers’ office
boys’ ball
Mothers’ Day
teachers’ office
s
s
s
’
’
’
S结尾只加’
you
名词所有格
有生命加’s
s结尾只加’
我爸爸的车
my father’s car
女孩们的娃娃
the girls’ dolls
哥哥们的朋友
brothers’ friend
Tom的书包
Tom’s bag
母亲节
Mothers’ Day
男孩们的玩具
the boys’ toys
名词所有格
有生命加’s
s结尾只加’
the door of the classroom
the leg of the desk
the colour of the wall
用of，
无生命的
英语表达_____说
反着
of
of
of
Linda’s dress
girls’ boxes
the door of the classroom
名词所有格，
有3种形式。
有生命加’s，
s结尾只加’。
英语表达反着说。
无生命的用of，
中国的地图
a map of China
Billy的外套
Billy’s coat(s)
我的父母亲的卧室
my parents’ bedroom
我爸爸的朋友
my father’s friend(s)
教室的窗户
the window of
the classroom
Helen的爸爸
Helen’s father
女孩们的娃娃
girls’ dolls
墙的颜色
the colour of the wall
Tom的书包
Tom’s bag
我姐姐的老师
my sister’s
teacher
男孩们的玩具
boys’ toys
我女儿的一本书
a book of my daughter’s
Bob的儿子的一个朋友
a friend of Bob’s son’s
双重所有格
you
of加上’s
重要考点
Mary and Jane’s cat
俩人共有的猫
Mary’s and Jane’s cat
俩人各自的猫
几人共有，
最后一人加S。
各自所有，
每人加S。
Ⅰ.辨别单词。
1. U C C
7. C C C
4. U U C
Ⅱ.变复数。
1.families
5.keys
3.boys
7.boxes
9.knives
2.stories
6.buses
4.brushes
8.watches
10.days
Ⅲ.翻译句子。
1.Mary’s pen
3.a map of China
2.my brother’s car
4.一双鞋
5.some water
Ⅳ.用所给词适当形式填空。。
1.an apple
5.shoes
4.eggs
7.orange
9.T-shirt
3.the pencil
6.Tom’s
2.oranges
8.knives
10.fishes
Ⅴ选择
1. C B D A A
6. C A D B C
1. How much would you
2. How many apples are there
Ⅵ.划线部分提问。
3. How much is it
Review
可数名词
的复数
规则变化
不规则变化
规则变化
1.词尾加S。
2.s,x,ch,sh结尾加s
3.f,fe结尾把f,fe变ves
f结尾直接s
4.元加y加s
5.辅加y，y变ies
6.以o结尾，两人两菜加es
其余加s
规则变化
1.单复数相同。
2.变内部元音字母。
1.变主体名词
2.两个都变，man,woman
不可数名词
前不加a/an
后不加s
be动词用is.
问多少？
How many问多少
后加名词的复数
How much问多少
后加不可数名词
有生命加’s，
s结尾只加’。
英语表达反着说。
无生命的用of，
名词所有格，
有3种形式。
双重所有格
you
of加上’s
几人共有，
最后一人加S。
各自所有，
每人加S。
当堂检测（10小题）
1. ---What’s your favorite Chinese traditional festival
---It’s _____.
A. April Fool’s Day
B. Father’s Day
C. Christmas Day
D. the Spring Festival
2. In the coming summer holidays, my family _____ going to take a one-week trip to Qingdao.
A. is B. are
C. was D. were
3. ---There ____ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick
---All right, Mum.
A. is B. are
C. was D. were
4. ---Can you get a piano for me, dear
---But there isn’t enough _____ for it in our house.
A. ground B. floor
C. place D. room
5. A few _____ are
playing under the tree.
A. boy B. boys
C. chids D. child
6. Look! The kites in the sky are in different _____, some are big and some are small.
A. sizes B. colors
C. prices D. names
7. It’s a beautiful, sunny day! There _____ many people here on vacation.
A. be B. am
C. is D. are
8. Look! Two _____ are talking happily under the apple tree.
A. man teacher
B. man teachers
C. men teachers
D. men teacher
9. ---What’s in the ____
---There are some _____ and _____ in them.
A. photoes; potatos; radios
B. photos; potatoes; radios
C. photoes; potatoes; radios
D. photos; potatoes; radioes
10. All the _____ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday.
A. man B. men
C. woman D. women
中考考什么？
（2008年重庆）1. Yao Ming did
a good job in the basketball match yesterday. He is my favorite ____.
A. worker B. teacher
C. dancer D. player
D
(辽宁大连中考题)The TV on Channel Five are about sports__________.
A.experiences B.performances C.programs D.problems
C
( ) . _____ are going to England for a holiday.
A. The Wang B. Wang’s
C. The Wang’s D. The Wangs
D
(2008年广东省汕头市)_____mothers both work in the same hospital．
A.Tim and Peter’s
B.Tim’s and Peter
C.Tim’s and Peter’s
D.Tim and Peter
C
Try it out
--- Is it the best one of ____
in your family
--- Yes, it is.
photoes B. photos
C. photo D. photos’
B
---When did these ______ come to visit our village
Try it out
---When did these ____ come to
visit our village
-- Last October.
Americans B. American
C. Americen D. Americas
A
Try it out
--- What did Jack do yesterday
--- He went to a _____ to buy
a pair of new _____.
shoes’ shop ; shoe
B. shoe shop ; shoe
shoes shop; shoes
shoe shop; shoes
D
( ) 6. Please give me ______ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7. This table is made of_______. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass ( ) 8.Bill runs fast. He won the _____ 800 metre race yesterday.
A．boys B．boys’ C．boy D．boy‘s . ( ) 9. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 10. In the picture there are many______ and two_______. A. sheeps; foxes B. sheeps; foxes
C. sheep; foxes D. sheep;foxs
D
D
B
A
C
( ) 11. This is not my cap, but my _______.
A. brothers B. brother’s C. brothers’ D. brother
( )12.They write most of their_______ in English.
A. business letter B. business letters
C. businesses D. businesses letters
( ) 13. _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife, used B. Knives, using
C. Knife, using D. Knives, used
(　 ) 14. John bought_____for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes
( ) 15.Excuse me, where is the______ A. men's room B. mens' room
C. men's rooms D. men rooms
B
B
D
A
A
Ⅰ.变复数。
1.potatoes
5.milk
3.thieves
7.Janpanese Englishmen
2.watches
6.Germans
4.teeth
Ⅰ.变复数。
8.Lucy and Lily’s
9.photos
10.women teachers
11.two halves
12.children
13.Tomatoes meat
Ⅱ选择
1. B D A A C
6. C B D A
中考题
1. D A D A A
6. C C B C D
11. D C C C A
Thank you!
Review
根据所给单词的正确形式填空：
1. Different people may have different _____. (idea)
2. I often go to work on . (foot)
3. I know one of the . (boy)
4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of . (glass)
5. Please give them their . (photo)
6. Are there any in the box (watch)
7. There are twelve in a year. (month)
8. Would you like some (tomato)
9. Look at those in the boats! (people)
10. Look! The are singing. (woman)
11. September 10th is Day. (teacher)
12. Jim has some . (knife)
13. How much are these (vegetable)
14. My school is twenty ________ walk from here. (minute)
15. The girl under the tree is a friend of________. (Lucy)
ideas
foot
boys
glasses
photos
watches
months
tomatoes
people
women
Teachers’
knives
vegetables
minutes’
Lucy’s