(共46张PPT)
Unit
4
Do
it
yourself
Grammar
2020年秋牛津译林版英语八年级上册精品课件
学
习
目
标
学习本课时新单词及短语：cut,
sentence,
on
the
other
side
of
1
3
学会用should
和had
better来提出建议。
学会运用祈使句表达指令。
2
Grammar
A
Play
a
game
1.
Stand
up.
2.
Sit
down.
3.
Put
up
your
hands.
5.
Come
here.
7.
Go
back
to
your
seats
,
please.
Please
的作用:以使语气更加缓和或放在客气。
句前或句后均可以。
6.
Touch
your
nose.
4.
Jump
twice.
课
堂
导
入
Guessing
Game
Don’t
smoke!
No
smoking!
Don’t
play
football!
Turn
left.
Turn
right!
Don’t
park
your
car!
Don’t
eat!
Don’t
pick
the
flowers!
Be
quiet,
please.
Don’t
make
any
noise.
Go
upstairs!
Go
downstairs!
Read
and
observe(观察)
Turn
left.
Turn
right!
Please
go
upstairs!
Go
downstairs!
Be
quiet,please.
Don’t
smoke!
Don’t
play
football!
Don’t
park
your
car!
Please
don’t
eat!
Don’t
pick
the
flowers!
1.
祈使句的概念
祈使句表示请求、命令等。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词用动词原形。祈使句末用叹号或句号。
2.
祈使句的结构
1)
祈使句的肯定结构
①
Do型（以行为动词原形开头），例如：
Sit?down!坐下！?
Stand?up!起立！
②
Be型（以be开头），例如：
Be?quiet!安静！
Be?careful小心！
③
Let型（let
sb
do
sth），例如：
Let?me?try.
让我试试看。
Let’s?look?at?the?map.
让我们看看地图。
●
let’s是let?us的简略式。
2)
祈使句的否定结构：
①一般在肯定结构前加?Do?not?(Don’t)。例如：
Don’t?go?there,
please.
请别去那儿。
Don’t?be?late?for?class!
上课别迟到！
Don’t?let?him?in.?不要让他进来。
②
.
在公共场合的提示语中，常用的结构
“No＋名词
/
v.-ing”
，表示“禁止做某事”
No
smoking!
No
photos!
No
parking!
③.
Never
+
动词原形
+
其他
不要再那样做了。
Never
do
that
again.
表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上please,?构成句式：Please
…或
…,
please.?以使语气更加缓和或客气。例如：
Please?stand?up.
Stand?up,
please.
请站起来。
Please?have?a?rest.
Have?a?rest,
please.
请休息一下。
祈使句的回答
祈使句通常表示将来要发生的动作，所
以回答时，一般用will或won’t。
—
Don’t
forget
to
do
your
homework.
—
I
won’t.
—
Remember
to
turn
off
the
lights.
—
I
will.
口诀
祈使句,无主语,只用动词就可以.
表示请求或命令,加上please表客气。
如果变成否定句,Don’t开头是规律。
No
talking!是警示,祈使句用法要牢记。
Millie
is
teaching
her
classmates
how
to
make
cards
to
help
them
remember
things
better.
Look
at
the
pictures
and
help
Millie
complete
the
instructions.
How
to
make
cards
_____
out
pieces
of
card
with
a
pair
of
scissors.
Cut
cut
draw
give
keep
look
try
write
_____
some
words
or
a
sentence
on
each
card.
Write
cut
draw
give
keep
look
try
write
_____
a
picture
about
the
words
or
sentence
on
the
other
side
of
the
card.
Draw
cut
draw
give
keep
look
try
write
_____
at
the
picture
and
___
to
remember
what
is
on
the
other
side.
Look
try
cut
draw
give
keep
look
try
write
Please
_________
(not)
up.
____
trying,
and
you
will
find
you
can
remember
things
better.
don’t
give
Keep
cut
draw
give
keep
look
try
write
1.
Jim,
_____
me
a
hand.
A.
gives
B.
is
giving
C.
will
give
D.
give
2.
____
careful,
Jenny!
There
is
a
tree
in
front
of
you.
A.
Am
B.
/
C.
Be
D.
Was
3.
Let's
____
our
time.
A.
not
waste
B.
no
wasting
C.
not
to
waste
D.
no
waste
4.
—____
higher,
and
you
will
see
the
house.
—OK.
A.
If
you
stand
B.
To
stand
C.
When
you
stand
D.
Stand
语法训练
5.
Please
___
do
it.
A.
he
B.
let
him
C.
let
he
D.
him
6.
_____
let
anyone
open
the
door.
A.
Don't
B.
Will
C.
Not
D.
No
7.
—Don’t
be
late
again.
—Sorry,
______.
A.
I
may
B.
I
must
C.
I
will
D.
I
won’t
8.
—Call
me
when
you
get
home.
—OK,
____.
A.
I
must
B.
I
can
C.
I
will
D.
I
may
Grammar
B
e.g.
You
should
know
a
little
about
DIY.
You
should
not
put
so
many
books
on
the
shelf.
Your
watch
is
broken.
You
had
better
buy
a
new
one.
You
had
better
not
be
late
for
school.
当我们给他人提建议时，可以用had
better和should，表示“最好”或“应该”做某事，
had
better的语气比should强一些。
You
had
better
turn
off
the
lights
before
leaving
the
classroom.
离开教室前你最好先把灯关了。
You
should
exercise
more.
你应该多锻炼。
had
better
(常简略为’d
better)，是固定词组，后面必须跟动词原形。构成：had
better
do
sth.
。
You’d
better
go
to
hospital
at
once.
你最好立即去医院看病。
Tom,
you’d
better
go
there
today.
汤姆，你最好今天去那儿。
had
better
的否定式是将not直接放在had
better的后面
(had
better
not
do
sth.)。
You
had
better
not
miss
the
last
bus.
你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。
should
后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。
You
should
stop
smoking.
你应该戒烟。
should
的否定式是should
not/shouldn’t。
You
shouldn’t
drink
and
drive.
你不应该喝酒后开车。
DIY
advice
Suzy
is
giving
DIY
advice
to
her
classmates.
Read
the
advice
below.
Help
Suzy
make
sentences
with
should
(not)
or
had
better
(not).
a
begin
your
work
without
reading
them
b
join
a
DIY
club
to
learn
more
about
it
c
be
patient
d
buy
some
to
learn
more
about
it
e
play
with
them
when
you
do
DIY
jobs
1.
There
are
many
useful
books
about
DIY.
You
should
/
had
better
buy
some
to
learn
more
about
it.
2.
DIY
is
not
easy.
You
should/
had
better
join
a
DIY
club
to
learn
more
about
it.
You
shouldn’t
/
had
better
not
begin
your
work
without
reading
them.
3.
Instructions
are
important.
You
should
/
had
better
be
careful
when
you
use
them.
4.
Scissors
can
be
dangerous.
You
should/
had
better
be
patient.
5.
Sometimes
it’ll
take
time
to
do
a
DIY
job.
Part
A:
learn
how
to
give
instructions
Please
do
/
Do
sth.
Please
don’t
do
/
Don’t
do
sth.
Part
B:
learn
how
to
give
advice
肯定：
should
/had
better
+V原形
否定：
should
not/had
better
not
+
V原形
肯定：
否定：
Summary
完成句子
1.
你应该在南京换火车。
_________________
change
trains
at
Nanjing.
2.
你最好在下雨前回家。
__________________________
before
the
rain
starts.
3.
现在你最好别打棒球了。
__________________________
baseball
now.
4.
不要把金鱼放在阳光下。
_____________
the
goldfish
in
the
sun.
You
should
You'd
better
go
home
You
had
better
not
play
Don’t
put
语法训练
1.
Try
to
give
instructions.
2.
Try
to
use
should
(not)
and
had
better
(not)
to
give
advice.
3.Finish
the
exercises
.
Homework
Thank
you
!
谢谢
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Unit
4
Do
it
yourself
Grammar
设计说明
A部分首先通过让学生按照老师发出指令做动作的游戏导入新课，然后学会运用祈使句表达指令，并了解祈使句的概念、结构以及肯定句和否定句的用法。B部分通过DIY方面的建议来导入hadbetter和should的用法，进而给出had
better和should
的详细用法，最后通过一系列的练习来巩固所学知识点。
教学目标
通过本单元的教学，让学生达成以下目标：
1.知识目标
掌握词汇：cut,
sentence,
on
the
other
side
of
2.能力目标
(1)学会运用祈使句表达指令。
(2)学会用should和had
better来提出建议。
3.情感目标
学会在具体情境下沟通并给出建议。
重点难点
重点：运用祈使句表达指令，用should
和had
better来提出建议
难点：祈使句的否定形式及常用答语
教学准备
PPT课件；相关图片
授课时数
1课时
教学过程
Step
1Lead-in
1.
Play
a
game
with
students
first.
Do
as
what
the
teacher
says.
For
example:
Stand
up.Sit
down.Put
up
your
hands.Come
here.Go
back
to
your
seat,
please.Jump
twice.Touch
your
nose.
2.
Play
a
guessing
game.
Show
students
some
pictures
about
some
public
signs
and
let
them
guess
the
meanings
of
these
pictures
one
by
one.
For
example:
Don’t
smoke!
No
smoking!
Don’t
play
football!
Turn
left.
Turn
right.
Don’t
park
your
car!
Don’t
eat!
Don’t
pick
the
flowers!
Be
quiet,
please.
Go
upstairs!
Go
downstairs!
Step
2
Grammar
1.
Read
and
observe.Show
them
some
sentences
above
and
ask
them
toobserve
what
characters
these
sentences
have.
2.
Analysis.
(1)
Analyze
the
concept
of
imperative
sentence.
祈使句表示请求、命令等。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形。祈使句末用感叹号或句号。
(2)
Analyze
the
structure
of
imperative
sentence.
祈使句的肯定结构
①Do型（以行为动词原形开头）
Sit?down!?坐下！
Stand?up!?起立！
②Be型（以be开头）
Be?quiet!?安静！
Be
quickly!
快点！
③Let型（let
sb.
do
sth.）
Let’s?look?at?the?map.
让我们看看地图。
祈使句的否定结构
①一般在肯定结构前加?Do?not?(Don’t)。
Don’t?go?there,
please.
请别去那儿。
②公共场合的提示语中，常用的结构“No＋名词/
v.-ing”，表示“禁止做某事”。
No
smoking!禁止吸烟！
③Never＋动词原形＋其他.
Never
be
late
for
school.
上学绝不可迟到。
3.
Summary.
Give
a
summary
about
the
usage
of
imperative
sentence.
Let
the
students
read
the
following
rules.
祈使句无主语,
只用动词就可以；
表示请求或命令,
加上please表客气；
如果变成否定句,
Don’t,
Not,
No来开头。
Step
3
Practice
1.
Ask
the
students
to
make
sentences
using
imperative
sentences.
2.
Deal
with
some
exercises
on
page47.
Choose
the
words
to
fill
in
the
blanks.
Give
students
several
minutes
to
fill
in
the
blanks.
Then
check
answers
with
them.
Answers:1.
Cut
2.Write3.
Draw
4.
Look
5.try
6.
don’t
give
7.
Keep
Step
4
Practice
Ask
students
to
choose
the
best
answer.
1.
Jim,
_______
me
a
hand.
A.
gives
B.
is
giving
C.
will
give
D.
give
2.
______
careful,
Jenny!
There
is
a
tree
in
front
of
you.
A.
Am
B.
/
C.
Be
D.
Was
3.
Let’s
______
our
time.
A.
not
waste
B.
no
wasting
C.
not
to
waste
D.
no
waste
4.
—_______
higher,
and
you
will
see
the
house.
—OK.
A.
If
you
stand
B.
To
stand
C.
When
you
stand
D.
Stand
5.
Please
_______
do
it.
A.
he
B.
let
him
C.
let
he
D.
him
6.
_______
let
anyone
open
the
door.
A.
Don’t
B.
Will
C.
Not
D.
No
7.
—Don’t
be
late
again.
—Sorry,
________.
A.
I
may
B.
I
must
C.
I
will
D.
I
won’t
8.
—Call
me
when
you
get
home.
—OK,
________.
A.
I
must
B.
I
can
C.
I
will
D.
I
may
Answers:
1.D
2.
C
3.
A
4.
D
5.
B
6.
A
7.
D
8.
C
Step
5
Grammar
1.
Show
the
students
some
sentences:
You
should
know
a
little
about
DIY.
You
should
not
put
so
many
books
on
the
shelf.
Your
watch
is
broken.
You
had
better
buy
a
new
one.
You
had
better
not
be
late
for
school.
2.
Analyze
the
usage
of
“had
better”
and
“should”.
(1)had
better
(常简略为’d
better)，是一固定词组，后面必须跟动词原形,构成“had
better
do
sth.”句型。
You’d
better
go
to
hospital
at
once.
你最好立即去医院看病。
(2)had
better的否定式是将not放在had
better的后面
(had
better
not
do
sth.)。should后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。
You
had
better
not
miss
the
last
bus.
你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。
You
should
stop
smoking.
你应该戒烟。
注意：should的否定式是should
not/shouldn’t。
You
shouldn’t
drive
after
drinking.
你不应该喝酒后开车。
Step
6
Practice
Deal
with
the
exercises
on
page
48.
Give
students
one
minute
to
read
the
sentences
from
a
to
e.
Then
give
them
2
minutes
to
complete
the
sentences
using
“had
better”
and
“should”.
Then
ask
them
to
share
their
answers.
After
that,
check
answers
with
them
using
PPT.
Answers：
1?You?should/had?better?buy?some?to?learn?more?about?it.
2?You?should/had?better?join?a?DIY?club?to?learn?more?about?it.
3?You?should?not/had?better?not?begin?your?work?without?reading?them.
4?You?should?not/had?better?not?play?with?them?when?you?do?DIY?jobs.
5?You?should/had?better?be?patient.
Step
7Homework
1.
Try
to
give
instructions.
2.
Try
to
use“should
(not)
and
had
better
(not)”
to
give
advice.
3.Finish
the
exercises.
当堂达标
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.
你应该在南京站换火车。
__________________________
change
trains
at
Nanjing
Railway
Station.
2.
你最好在下雨前回家。
__________________________
before
the
rain
starts.
3.
现在你最好别打棒球了。
__________________________
baseball
now.
4.
不要把金鱼放在阳光下。
_________________________
the
goldfish
in
the
sun.
Answers：
1.
You
should2.You’d
better
go
home3.
You
had
better
not
play
4.
Don’t
put
板书设计
Unit
4
Do
it
yourself
Grammar
cut
sentence
on
the
other
side
of
Don’t
had
better
do
sth.
had
better
not
do
sth.
should
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