高考英语复习定语从句(1) (含义; 结构; 引导词及习题) （共74张PPT）

(共74张PPT)
定语从句
the
attributive
clauses
The
Attributive
Clauses
定语从句是重点也是难点，考试中常见。
之前的学习中已经讲了英语句子分类中的简单句、并列句和复合句的区分，而定语从句是复合句的一种，在语法填空、完形填空、语篇阅读中常见，写作中如果能够准确运用，是考试得分点。
定语从句在本学科中的地位
1.
掌握定语从句的概念、结构、几个重点关系代词和关系副词的用法；
2.
能够辨别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句；
3.
学会“介词+关系代词“
引导的定语从句，并会实际操作；
4.
掌握关系代词as的用法。
5.
掌握way做先行词时引导词的用法
一、定语从句
复习：定语
定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。
例如：
美丽的公园
炎热的天气
会说法语的老师
the
teacher
who
can
speak
French
the
beautiful
park
the
hot
weather
复习：从句
英语中句子按照结构分类:
简单句
并列句
复合句
（主句+从句）
Tom
is
a
doctor.
一套主谓宾系统
Tom
is
a
doctor
and
Mary
is
a
teacher.
He
is
the
man
that
I
saw
yesterday.
两个分句并列,
即至少两套主谓宾系统，连词连接
定语从句
状语从句
名词性从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
英语中三大从句类型：
练习：说出从句类型
1.
She
suggested
that
he
do
it
at
once.
2.
I
live
where
there
is
a
big
tree.
3.
When
it
rains，I
usually
go
to
school
by
bus.
4.
That
the
earth
is
round
is
true．
5.
The
problem
is
not
who
will
go
but
who
will
stay.
6.
The
student
who
answered
the
question
was
John．
7.
Have
you
any
idea
how
soon
they're
coming？
宾从
主从
表从
定从
同从
时状从
表从
地状从
________________________
________________________
________________
______________
_____________________________
______________________________
___________________________
_____________
1.
定语从句的概念：句子中起定语作用的从句。
先行词：
引导词：
其他成分
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子。
2.
定语从句的构成
先行词+引导词+其他成分
主句
定语从句
先行词
引导词（关系代词）
引导定语从句的连词,
包括关系代词和关系副词
例：The
boy
who
is
handsome
is
Tom.
The
boy
who
关系代词
The
boy
is
Tom.
who
is
handsome.
观察下列句子:
Don’t
forget
the
things
that
once
you
owned.
Treasure
the
things
that
you
can’t
get.
Don't
give
up
the
things
that
belong
to
you
and
keep
those
lost
things
in
memory.
　　
曾经拥有的，不要忘记。
不能得到的，更要珍惜。
属于自己的，不要放弃。
已经失去的，留作回忆。
Underline
the
attributive
clauses:
1.
The
boy
______
composition
won
the
first
prize
is
the
youngest
in
the
group.
A.
who
B.
whose
C.
that
D.
which
2.
After
living
in
Paris
for
fifty
years
he
returned
to
the
small
town
_______
he
grew
up
as
a
child.
A.
which
B.
when
C.
that
D.
where
3.
The
person
______________________Mr.
Smith
gave
a
watch
as
the
birthday
present
is
my
daughter.
A.
who
B.
to
whom
C.
whom
D.
A/B/C
4.
The
girl
_________
I
have
bought
a
drink
is
from
America.
A.
which
B.
to
whom
C.
to
that
D.
for
whom
引导词即关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：
1.
连接作用
2.
指代作用
3.
担当成分作用
连接定语从句和主句
替代前面的先行词
在定语从句中一定要充当句子成分
He
prefers
the
cheese
that
/
which
comes
from
his
parents'
farm.
He
says
that
he
prefers
the
cheese
from
his
parents'
farm.
宾从，无先行词之说，在这仅起连接作用
定从，引导词做主语
指人
指物
主语
宾语
that
which
who
whom
关系代词的用法
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
×
×
×
×
关系代词在从句中可以：
何时可以省略？
做宾语时可以省略
Is
this
book
_____
you
want
to
borrow
from
the
library?
A.
that
B.
which
C.
the
one
D.
/
关系代词的用法练习
1.
The
eggs
were
not
fresh.
I
bought
them
yesterday.
2.
The
friend
was
not
hungry.
He
came
to
supper
last
night.
The
eggs
(that/which)
I
bought
them
yesterday
were
not
fresh.
The
friend
who/
that
he
came
to
supper
last
night
was
not
hungry.
3.
The
teacher
praised
the
student.
His
English
is
the
best
in
our
class.
The
teacher
praised
the
student
whose
his
English
is
the
best
in
our
class.
whose
=the
student’s
难用的
whose
The
house
is
mine.
The
window
of
the
house
is
broken.
Join
the
following
pair
of
sentences.
The
house
whose
window
is
broken
is
mine.
whose=the
house’s
window
The
house
is
mine.
the
window
of
which
is
broken
of
which
the
window
is
broken
whose
window
is
broken
关系副词和先行词的关系
I
still
remember
the
day
when
I
came
here.
This
is
the
house
where
I
lived
last
year.
There
are
many
reasons
why
people
like
traveling.
I
don’t
like
the
way
that
you
speak.
on
the
day
=when
in
the
house=
where
for
the
reasons
=why
in
the
way
=that
关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词，从句中充当状语
1.
I’ll
never
forget
the
days__________________
we
worked
together.
2.
I’ll
never
forget
the
days
___________
we
spent
together.
3.
I
went
to
the
place
I
worked
ten
years
ago.
4.
I
went
to
the
place
__________
I
visited
ten
years
ago.
5.
This
is
the
reason
_____________________
he
was
late.
6.
This
is
the
reason
_____________________
he
gave.
when
/in
which
which
where/
in
which
which
why/
for
which
that/which
几种易混的情况
及物动词
及物动词
及物动词
二、定语从句分类
定语从句
The
Restrictive
Attributive
Clause
限制性定语从句
The
Non-Restrictive
Attributive
Clause
非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句的构成
The
old
lady
who
lives
next
to
us
sells
books.
You
should
do
all
that
I
said.
I
have
found
the
teather
whom
I
am
looking
for
.
I
visited
the
factory
where
my
father
works.
关系代词
关系副词
先行词
之后,用陈述式语序
“….的”
关系词
1.从句位置及语序:
2.翻译方法:
3.构成
非限制性定语从句
The
town
where
I
live
is
beautiful.
Kenli,
where
I
live,
is
beautiful.
Teachers
who
are
kind
are
popular
with
the
students.
Mr
Wang,
who
is
kind,
is
popular
with
the
students.
Please
compare:
形式
作用
能否省略
翻译
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
插入成分，有逗号
修饰限定，联系紧密
补充解释
不能
能
….的，先翻译从句，后翻译先行词
无逗号
先译先行词后翻译从句
非限制性定语从句和单句的比较
2.He
failed
in
the
exam._______
made
his
parents
angry.
3.He
failed
in
the
exam,
_______made
his
parents
angry.
4.He
has
two
sons.
Both
of
________
are
teachers.
5.He
has
two
sons,
both
of
________
are
teachers.
This
which
whom
them
×
that
1.I
am
reading
Harry
Porter,
_____is
an
interesting
book.
which
非限制性定语从句，可以指代前面从句或整个句子，不能用that做引导词
The
town
where
I
live
is
beautiful.
Kenli,
where
I
live,
is
beautiful.
分析两种定语从句省略后的结果
限制性定从,
省略后主语所指就不明确，去掉，句意大受影响，联系紧密。
非限制定从,
起补充作用，去掉，句意不受或少受影响。
但注意：在保留非限制定从时，引导词不可以省略
1.
I
was
born
in
Hangzhou,
a
city_______name
will
create
a
picture
of
beautiful
trees
and
green
grass
in
our
mind.
A.
which
???????????
B.
of
which
??????
C.
that
?????????
D.
whose
2.
My
friend
showed
me
round
the
town,
______was
very
kind
of
him.
??
A.
which????????
???
?B.
that????????
??????C.
where???????
???D.
it?
3.
Yesterday
she
sold
her
car
______
she
had
bought
a
month
ago.
A.
when????
?????????
B.
where?????
?
C.
that??????
????????D.
which
4.
The
Science
Museum
_______we
visited
during
a
recent
trip
to
Britain，is
one
of
London’s
tourist
attractions.
A.
which?????????????
B.
what?????????
?
C.
that?????????????????
D.
where
5.
His
movie
won
several
awards
at
the
film
festival,_______
was
beyond
his
wildest
dream.
A.
which???????????????B.
that?????????????
C.
where?????????????
D.
it
D
A
C/D
A/C
A
6.
I’m
going
to
spend
my
holiday
in
Beijing,
_____
my
old
parents
live
.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
where
D.
there
7.
I
shall
never
forget
the
years
_______
I
lived
in
the
country
with
the
farmers,
__________has
a
good
effect
on
my
life.
A.
that,
which
B.
when,
which
C.
which,
that
D.
when,
who
三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The
manager
whose
company
I
work
in
pays
much
attention
to
improving
our
working
conditions.
The
manager
in
whose
company
I
work
pays
much
attention
to
improving
our
working
conditions.
介词+关系代词的情况
1
The
man
whom
you
spoke
was
a
scientist.
The
city
which
she
lives
is
far
away.
to
in
介词+关系代词的情况
2
The
man
who/whom
you
spoke
was
a
scientist.
The
city
that/which
she
lives
is
far
away.
to
in
Are
these
two
sentences
right?
介词+关系代词的情况
3
The
man
who/whom
you
spoke
was
a
scientist.
The
city
that/which
she
lives
is
far
away.
to
in
×
×
Are
these
two
sentences
right?
可见,who、that
不能用与介词之后
1.
The
man
with
that
/
who
you
talked
just
now
is
my
neighbour.
2.
The
plane
in
which
we
flew
to
Canada
was
really
comfortable.
3.
The
plane
in
that
we
flew
to
Canada
was
really
comfortable.
×
√
×
判断句子正误
介词+关系代词的情况
4
Is
this
the
watch
that
you
are
looking
for?
The
old
man
whom
I
am
looking
after
is
better
.
在固定短语中介词不能提前
下面两句中的介词能提前吗?
“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,
any,
none,
all,
both,
neither,
many,
most,
each
,
few
等代词或者数词。
He
loves
his
parents
deeply,
both
of
whom
are
very
kind
to
him.
There
are
forty
students
in
our
class
in
all,
most
of
whom
are
from
big
cities.
介词+关系代词的情况
5
1.?
Do
you
like
the
book
she
spent
$10?
2.?
Do
you
like
the
book
she
paid
$10?
3.?
Do
you
like
the
book
she
learned
a
lot?
4.?
Do
you
like
the
book
she
often
talks?
5.?
He
built
a
telescope
he
could
study
the
skies.
介词+关系代词的情况
练习1
on
which
for
which
from
which
about
which
through
which
6.
There
is
a
tall
tree
outside,
stands
our
teacher.
7.?
China
has
a
lot
of
rivers,
the
second
longest
___________
is
the
Yellow
River.
8.
The
tower
______________people
can
have
a
good
view
is
on
the
hill.
9.
The
man
____________
I
spoke
on
the
phone
last
night
is
very
good
at
wrestling.
10.
He
paid
the
boy
$10
for
washing
ten
windows,
most
____________
hadn’t
been
cleaned
for
at
least
a
year.
under
which
of
which
from
which
to
whom
of
which
介词+关系代词的情况
练习2
1.
Do
you
know
who
lives
in
the
building
______
there
is
a
well?
A.
in
front
of
it
B.
in
front
of
whose
C.
in
front
of
which
D.
in
front
which
2.
I’ll
never
forget
the
day
____
I
joined
the
League.
A.
on
which
B.
in
which
C.
which
D.
at
which
3.
Jean
was
her
old
friend,
____
she
borrowed
a
necklace.
A.
from
who
B.
from
whom
C.
to
that
D.
to
whom
四、定语从句综合练习题
1.
This
is
the
store
______
we
visited
the
famous
shop
assistants.
A.
where
B.
there
C.
that
D.
which
2.—why
does
she
always
ask
you
for
help?
—There
is
no
one
else
______,
is
there?
A.
who
to
turn
to
B.
she
can
turn
to
C.
for
whom
to
turn
D.
for
her
to
turn
3.
The
gentleman
_______
you
told
me
yesterday
proved
to
be
a
thief.
A.
who
B.
about
whom
C.
whom
D.
with
whom
4.
The
Second
World
War
_____
millions
of
people
were
killed
in
1945.
A.
during
which
B.
in
that
C.
where
D.
on
which
5.
His
glasses,
_____
he
was
like
a
blind
man,
fell
to
the
ground
and
broke
its
leg.
A.
which
B.
with
which
C.
without
which
D.
that
6.
Do
you
know
the
reason
____
he
was
late?
that
B.
which
C.
for
what
D.
for
which
7.
I
have
bought
two
ballpens,
____
writes
well.
A.
none
of
which
B.
neither
of
which
C.
none
of
them
D.
neither
of
them
8.
I
don't
like
the
way_____you
speak
to
her.
A.
/
B.
that
C.
in
which
D.
All
A,
B,
and
C
9.The
place
_______
the
bridge
is
supposed
to
be
built
should
be
______
the
cross-river
traffic
is
the
heaviest.
A.
which;
where
B.
at
which;
which
C.
at
which;
where
D.
which;
in
which
1.
足球是一项培养孩子跟别人合作的团队活动。
2.
你想见的那个人住进了这家宾馆。
3.
这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。
4.
我昨天收到的那封信是我的一个朋友寄来的。
7.
他常常回忆起童年在乡下跟爷爷去河边钓鱼的日子。
翻译习题
Football
is
a
team
work
that
trains
children
to
work
with
others.
The
man
whom
you
want
to
see
checked
in
this
hotel.
This
is
the
factory
(which/that
)
we
visited
yesterday.
The
letter
(which/that)
I
received
yesterday
was
from
a
friend
of
mine.
He
often
recalls
the
days
of
his
childhood
when
he
and
his
grandfather
went
fishing
by
the
river.
6.
这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
7.
我们不知道他没有来的原因。
8.
中国政府正在大力发展农业，农业的重要性现在已是人人皆知。
This
is
the
house
where
Lu
Xun
once
lived.
This
is
the
house
in
which
Lu
Xun
once
lived.
This
is
the
house
which
Lu
Xun
once
lived
in.
We
don’t
know
the
reason
why
he
didn’t
show
up.
We
don’t
know
the
reason
that
he
didn’t
show
up.
(×)
Chinese
government
is
trying
to
develop
agriculture
with
great
efforts,
the
importance
of
which
is
now
known
to
everybody.
四、关系代词
as
的用法
☆
the
same
…
as
表示同一类人或物；
the
same
…
that
指同一个人或物
1.
直接引导定语从句:
作用相当于which
He
was
late,
as
/
which
is
often
the
case.
2.
与such
连用,
引起定语从句
There
are
no
such
writers
as
you
mention.
It
gave
him
such
a
shock
that
his
face
turned
white.
3.
与same
连用,
引起定语从句
如此
……
以至于
This
is
the
same
pen
______I
lost
yesterday.
A.
as
B.
that
C.
the
one
D.
A&B
D
...the
same
pen
as
I
lost.
...
the
same
pen
that
I
lost.
表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是
则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支
Eg:
比较：
4.
as
与
which
的区别
★as
在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如
be
known，
be
said，be
reported
等
★如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。
1)
She
has
been
late
again,
______
was
expected.
2)
Tom
has
made
great
progress,
_______
made
us
happy.
as
which
1.
______
was
natural,
he
married
Jenny.
A.
Which
B.
That
C.
This
D.
As
2.
Such
signs
_____
we
use
in
the
experiment
______Greek
letters.
A.
as,
are
B.
as,
is
C.
that,
are
D.
that,
is
Exercise
五、
way
后面的定语从句
way
后面的定语从句的引导词有
in
which
或
that
或
不填，如：
I
recognized
he’s
from
Australia
from
the
way
_________________________
he
speaks.
in
which
(
that
/
不填)
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1.The
way
_____________________he
explained
the
sentence
to
us
was
not
difficult
to
understand.
2.The
way
____________________he
explained
to
us
was
quite
simple.
that/
which/不填
that/in
which/不填
缺状语
缺宾语
缺少主语或宾语:
引导词用that
/
which
/
不填(缺宾语时)
主语宾语都不缺:
引导词用that
/
in
which
/
不填
1.
复习了：定语从句的概念、结构、几个重点关系代词和关系副词的用法；
2.
复习了定从分类：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句；
3.
复习了“介词+关系代词“
引导的定语从句；
4.
学习了关系代词as的用法；
5.
学习了way做先行词时，引导词的用法；
6.
做了相关习题。
课程反馈和学生作业
1.
背诵课本单词
2.
完成课后练习题
综合练习题
1.
The
place
_______interested
me
most
was
the
Children's
Palace.
A.
which
B.
where
C.
what
D.
in
which
2.
Do
you
know
the
man
_______?
A.
whom
I
spoke
B.
to
who
spoke
C.
I
spoke
to
D.
that
I
spoke
3.
This
is
the
hotel
_______last
month.
A.
which
they
stayed
B.
at
that
they
stayed
C.
where
they
stayed
at
D
.
where
they
stayed
4.
Do
you
know
the
year
______the
Chinese
Communist
Party
was
founded?
A.
which
B.
that
C.
when
D.
on
which
5.
That
is
the
day
______I'll
never
forget.
A.
which
B.
on
which
C.
in
which
D.
when
6.
The
factory
______we'll
visit
next
week
is
not
far
from
here.
A.
where
B.
to
which
C.
which
D.
in
which
7.
Great
changes
have
taken
place
since
then
in
the
factory
_______we
are
working.
A.
where
B.
that
C.
which
D.
there
8.
This
is
one
of
the
best
films
_______.
A.
that
have
been
shown
this
year
B.
that
have
shown
C.
that
has
been
shown
this
year
D.
that
you
talked
9.
Can
you
lend
me
the
book
______the
other
day?
A.
about
which
you
talked
B.
which
you
talked
C.
about
that
you
talked
D.
that
you
talked
10.
The
pen
______he
is
writing
is
mine.
A.
with
which
B.
in
which
C.
on
which
D.
by
which
11.
They
arrived
at
a
farmhouse,
in
front
of
______sat
a
small
boy.
A.
whom
B.
who
C.
which
D.
that
12.
The
engineer
______my
father
works
is
about
50
years
old.
A.
to
whom
B.
on
whom
C.
with
which
D.
with
whom
13.
It
there
anyone
in
your
class
______family
is
in
the
country?
A.
who
B.
who's
C.
which
D.
whose
14.
I'm
interested
in
______you
have
said.
A.
all
that
B.
all
what
C.
that
D.
which
15.
I
want
to
use
the
same
dictionary
______was
used
yesterday.
A.
which
B.
who
C.
what
D.
as
16.
He
isn't
such
a
man
______he
used
to
be.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
that
D.
as
17.
He
is
good
at
English,
______we
all
know.
A.
that
B.
as
C.
whom
D.
what
18.
Li
Ming,
______to
the
concert
enjoyed
it
very
much.
A.
I
went
with
B.
with
whom
I
went
C.
with
who
I
went
D.
I
went
with
him
19.
I
don't
like
______
as
you
read.
A.
the
novels
B.
the
such
novels
C.
such
novels
D.
same
novels
20.
He
talked
a
lot
about
things
and
persons
_______
they
remembered
in
the
school.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
whom
D.
what
21.
The
letter
is
from
my
sister,
______
is
working
in
Beijing.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
whom
D.
who
22.
In
our
factory
there
are
2,000
workers,
two
thirds
of
____
are
women.
A.
them
B.
which
C.
whom
D.
who
23.
You're
the
only
person
______I've
ever
met
______
could
do
it.
A.
who;/
B./;
whom
C.
whom;/
D./;
who
24.
I
lost
a
book,
______I
can't
remember
now.
A.
whose
title
B.
its
title
C.
the
title
of
it
D.
the
title
of
先行词person的两个定语从句
25.
Last
summer
we
visited
the
West
Lake,
______
Hangzhou
is
famous
in
the
world.
A.
for
which
B.
for
that
C.
in
which
D.
what
26.
I
have
bought
such
a
watch
_______
was
advertised
on
TV.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
as
D.
it
27.
I
can
never
forget
the
day
_____
we
worked
together
and
the
day
____
we
spent
together.
A.
when;
which
B.
which;
when
C.
what;
that
D.
on
which;
when
28.The
way
______he
looks
at
problems
is
wrong.
A.
which
B.
whose
C.
what
D./
29.This
machine,
______for
many
years,
is
still
working
perfectly.
A.
after
which
I
have
looked
B.
which
I
have
looked
after
C.
that
I
have
looked
after
D.
I
have
looked
after
非限制性定从的引导词任何时候都不能省略。
30.
This
is
the
reason
______he
didn't
come
to
the
meeting.
A.
in
which
B.
with
which
C.
that
D.
for
which
31.
The
reason
______he
didn't
come
was
______he
was
ill.
A.
why;
that
B.
that;
why
C.
for
that;
that
D.
for
which;
what
32.
He
is
working
hard,
______will
make
him
pass
the
final
exam.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
for
which
D.
who
33.
That
is
not
the
way
______I
do
it.
A.
/
B.
which
C.
for
which
D.
with
which
34.
I
have
two
grammars,
______are
of
great
use.
A.
all
of
which
B.
either
of
which
C.
both
of
that
D.
both
of
which
35.
I
want
to
use
the
same
tools
_______used
in
your
factory
a
few
days
ago.
A.
as
was
B.
which
was
C.
as
were
D.
which
36.
My
neighbors
used
to
give
me
a
hand
in
time
of
trouble,
_______
was
very
kind
of
them.
A.
who
B.
which
C.
that
D.
it
37.
This
is
the
magazine
_______
I
copied
the
paragraph.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
from
that
D.
from
which
38.
He
is
not
such
a
man
_______
would
leave
his
work
half
done.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
who
D.
as
39.
You
can
depend
on
whatever
promise
_______
he
makes.
A.
/
B.
why
C.
when
D.
whose
40.
Smoking,
_______
is
a
bad
habit,
is,
however,
popular.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
it
D.
though
41.
---
Did
you
ask
the
guard
_______
happened?
---
Yes,
he
told
me
all
_______
he
knew.
A.
what;
that
B.
what;
what
C.
which;
which
D.
that;
that
42.
I
shall
never
forget
those
years
_______
I
lived
on
the
farm
with
the
farmers,
_______
has
a
great
effect
on
my
life.
A.
when;
who
B.
that;
which
C.
which;
that
D.
when;
which
43.
The
number
of
the
people
who
_______
cars
_______
increasing.
A.
owns;
are
B.
owns;
is
C.
own;
is
D.
own;
are
44.
During
the
days
________,
he
worked
as
a
servant
at
the
Browns.
A.
followed
B.
following
C.
to
follow
D.
that
followed
45.
Is
oxygen
the
only
gas
_______
helps
fire
burn?
A.
that
B.
/
C.
which
D.
it
46.
The
clever
boy
made
a
hole
in
the
wall,
____
he
could
see
_____
was
going
on
inside
house.
A.
which;
what
B.
through
which;
what
C.
through
that;
what
D.
what;
that
47.
Is
_______
some
German
friends
visited
last
week?
A.
this
school
B.
this
the
school
C.
this
school
one
D.
this
school
where
48.
John
got
beaten
in
the
game,
_______
had
been
expected.
A.
as
B.
that
C.
what
D.
who
49.
I
have
bought
two
ballpens,
_______
writes
well.
A.
none
of
them
B.
neither
of
them
C.
neither
of
which
D.
none
of
which
50.
All
that
can
be
eaten
_______
eaten
up.
A.
are
being
B.
has
been
C.
had
been
D.
have
been
主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数
Bye
bye!
Bye
bye!