【备考2021】高考英语名词真题+模拟训练（含答案解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语名词真题.模拟训练：
（模拟）
1.(2020和平区线上模拟
The
harmful
effects
that
smog
can
have
on
people’s
health
are
one
of
the
top_____of
those
who
live
in
some
cities.
A.concerns
B.conflicts
C.characters
D.charges
2.(2016天津，10)The
weather
forecast
says
it
will
be
cloudy
with
a
slight____of
rain
later
tonight.
A.effect
B.sense
C.change
D.chance
3.(2019河北一模)It
came
as
a
great______to
the
parents
that
their
son
finally
came
back
safe
and
sound.
A.relief
B.sense
C.relaxation
D.favor
4.(2016和平一模)The
building
has
been
specially
designed
to
provide
easy_____for
people
in
wheelchairs.
A.road
B.means
C.way
D.access
5.(2016南开区一模)True
happiness
does
not
lie
in
the______of
money,but
the
joy
of
achievement.
A
.possession
B.profession
C.permission
D.persuasion
6.(2020河北区一模)Teachers
have
to
constantly
update
their
knowledge
in
order
to
maintain
their
professional________.
A.consequence
B.independence
C.competence
D.intelligence
7.(2016河东区一模)Male
nurses
are
difficult
to
hire
as
many
men
reject
this_______out
of
the
long-existing
discrimination.
A.concept
B.responsibility
C.identity
D.personality
8.(2016红桥区一模)The
purse
found
on
the
playground
matches
the______by
Mary,so
it
must
be
hers.
A.direction
B.expression
C.description
D.instruction
9.(2020河东区一模)The
study
of
a
modern
language
has
a
unique____to
make
to
the
development
of
cultural
awareness.
A.influence
B.connection
C.contribution
D.devotion
10.(2016十二区县一模)Our
class
held
a
fierce_______as
to
whether
to
reduce
the
amount
of
homework
or
not.
A.bargain
B.contest
C.debate
D.campaign
11.(2016天津一中三月考)It
takes
a
long
time
to
prepare
the
dish
but
the
results
are
so
good
that
it’s
worth
the______.
A.struggle
B.devotion
C.effort
D.trouble
12.(2016五校联考)When
a
group
of
firemen
rushed
to
the_____,the
old
couple
were
already
dead,but
fortunately,two
children
were
rescued
and
survived.
A.scene
B.sight
C.view
D.scenery
13.(2018一中三月考)The______of
severe
punishments
plays
a
major
role
in
the
growing
road
safety
problem.
A.absence
B.presence
C.existence
D.evidence
14.(2019河西一模)It’s
supposed
to
be
the
end
of
the
paperback
and
the____of
digital
media,but
some
bookstores
are
surviving
the
Internet
age
with
surprising
success.
A.deadline
B.dawn
C.dusk
D.departure
15.(2017和平一模)If
you
want
to
see
a
doctor,you
fix
a
date
with
him
ahead
of
time.That
is
a
common_____in
the
USA.
A.view
B.exercise
C.reality
D.practice
16.(2017和平一模)---Jim’s
car
crashed
yesterday.
---Yes,but
he
had
the
good_______to
escape
injury
when
it
happened.
A.memory
B.condition
C.impression
D.fortune
17.(2019红桥一模)---Fiona
never
fails
to
grasp
any
chance
of
promotion.
---She’s
a
woman
of_______.
A.ambition
B.attention
C.expectation
D.reputation
18.(2017河东区一模)In
recent
years,Chinese
arts
have
won
the_____of
a
lot
of
people
outside
China.
A.reputation
B.enjoyment
C.appreciation
D.entertainment
19.(2017南开区一模)I
bought
a
dress
for
only
10
dollars
in
a
sale；it
was
a
real_______.
A.exchange
B.bargain
C.trade
D.business
20.(2019南开区一模)We
most
prefer
to
say
yes
to
the______of
someone
we
know
and
like.
A.attempts
B.requests
C.doubts
D.promises
21.(2018河北区模拟)His_______to
become
a
pilot
was
held
back
by
his
poor
eyesight.
A.destination
B.inspiration
C.ambition
D.promotion
22.(2018红桥一模)---Some
people
believe
that
robots
will
take
the
place
of
the
humans
one
day.
----What
if
that
is
the________?
A.future
B.result
C.end
D.case
23.(2017和平二模)Planning
so
far
ahead
makes
no______--so
many
things
will
have
changed
by
next
year.
A.sense
B.room
C.choice
D.effort
24.(2019和平一模)The
government
placed_____on
the
numbers
of
foreign
cars
that
could
be
imported.
A.limitations
B.administration
C.requirements
D.restrictions
25.(2019河东一模)I
broke
my
relationship
with
Peter
because
he
always
found_____with
me.
A.error
B.failure
C.mistake
D.fault
26.(2019河西二模)After
leaving
his
home
as
a
young
man
to
seek
his____in
western
mining,Millsaps
joined
the
Salvation
Army
in
1883.
A.recreation
B.fortune
C.expectation
D.reputation
27.(2019部分区一模)In
the
past
few
years,we’ve
seen
works
by
Chinese
sci-fi
writers
winning
international_____.
A.conclusion
B.standard
C.potential
D.recognition
28.(2016和平区第一次质量调查)I
listened
to
Dr.Wilson’s
lecture
about
the
protection
of
wild
animals,but
I
was
unable
to
grasp
its
key_______.
A.thoughts
B.points
C.notes
D.dots
29.(2019和平二模)Every
time
you
enter
the
subway
station,you
must
have
the_______of
your
bag
checked
to
make
sure
you
aren’t
carrying
any
illegal
things.
A.spots
B.contents
C.qualities
D.entrances
30.(2017河北一模)The
fear
of
failing
exams
can
cause
you
to
panic
and
stress
can
be
a(n)_______to
your
performance
at
school.
A.solution
B.invitation
C.block
D.access
31.(2019河东二模)---Why
not
buy
a
second-hand
car
first
if
you
don’t
have
enough
money
for
a
new
one?
----That’s
a
good_______.
A.saying
B.question
C.account
D.suggestion
32.(2016天津一中四月考)---Whenever
you
want
a
good
meal,come
to
my
restaurant
and
eat
for
free.
---Believe
me.That
is
an______I
will
not
refuse.
A.approach
B.offer
C.idea
D.instruction
33.(2016河西区二模)As
long
as
you
have
a
clear_____in
study
and
work
hard
for
it,you
will
achieve
it.
A.target
B.function
C.power
D.environment
34.(2016河北区二模)---He
says
that
my
new
car
is
a
_____of
money.
---Don’t
you
think
those
words
are
just
sour
grapes?
A.lack
B.load
C.question
D.waste
35.(2020南开区一模)---Are
you
still
willing
to
lend
money
to
your
roommate?
---Yes.I
have
always
held
the_____that
he
is
an
honest
fellow.
A.belief
B.truth
C.custom
D.fact
36.(2016红桥区二模)The
manager
of
the
factory
told
us
that
very
little____was
made
of
the
waste
material
in
the
past.
A.cost
B.value
C.use
D.matter
37.(2016十二区县二模)The
service
at
Blue
Moon
Restaurant
lived
up
to
its_____,for
we
were
well
served.
A.reputation
B.expression
C.impression
D.judgement
38.(2016南开中学第五次月考)There
is
no______in
trying
to
persuade
him.He
will
never
change
his
mind.
A.doubt
B.wonder
C.good
D.point
39.(2016和平区三模)As
the
world’s
population
continues
to
grow,the____of
food
becomes
more
and
more
of
a
concern.
A.worth
B.supply
C.package
D.list
40.(2016河西区三模)When
the
captain
found
the
ship
was
rapidly
sinking,he
ordered
his
men
to
send
out
a
_______for
help.
A.signal
B.sign
C.symbol
D.signature
41.(2016滨海新区五所重点学校联考)Nowadays,it
is
hard
to
imagine
life
without______to
electricity
in
some
remote
areas.
A.access
B.use
C.approach
D.way
42.(2018一中四月考)Some
experts
fear
that
too-early_____to
computers
will
have
harmful
consequences
for
children’s
development.
A.exposure
B.extension
C.exhibition
D.expansion
43.(2018南开区一模)One
day
while
shopping
in
a
small
town
in
southern
California,it
was
my______to
be
approached
by
a
clerk
whose
personality
conflicted
with
mine.
A.pleasure
B.mercy
C.misfortune
D.technique
44.(2017十二区县二模)Although
war
still
exists
on
our
planet,I
do
believe
it’s
possible
for
different
ethnic
groups
to
live
together
in____.
A.agreement
B.harmony
C.connection
D.comparison
45.(2019红桥二模)--What
does
PM2.5
mean?
---It’s
a
professional______indicating
the
condition
of
air
pollution.
A.number
B.mark
C.term
D.item
46.(2017十二区县一模)Jane
realized
her_____to
become
the
first
woman
to
run
the
10,000
metres
within
30
minutes.
A.achievement
B.commitment
C.competition
D.ambition
47.(2016和平区期末质量调查)---The
dress
is
a
real_______at
such
a
low
price.
---True.Shall
each
of
us
buy
one?
A.bargain
B.prize
C.medal
D.income
48.(2018河北区一模)It
is
important
to
pay
your
electricity
bill
on
time,as
late
payment
may
affect
your________.
A.condition
B.income
C.credit
D.status
49.(2016南开中学高考模拟)Health
problems
are
closely
connected
with
bad
eating
habits
and
a_____of
exercise.
A.limit
B.lack
C.need
D.demand
50.(2015南开区高三总复习)Dogs
have
a
very
good_____of
smell
and
are
often
used
to
search
for
survivors
in
an
earthquake.
A.sense
B.view
C.means
D.idea
51.(2017南开中学第五次月考)Bill
was
doing
a
lot
of
physical
exercise
to
build
up
his_______.
A.ability
B.force
C.mind
D.strength
52.(2019十二区县二模)---What
did
he
do
in
return
for
free____and
food
offered
by
the
kind
couple?
---He
helped
their
son
with
his
lessons.
A.conservation
B.admission
C.accommodation
D.immigration
53.(2017河北区质量调查三)The
policeman
scolded
the
driver
for
turning
without
a_____.
A.symbol
B.mark
C.signal
D.chance
54.(2017和平区第二次质量调查)The
roof
is
at
the
edge
of
falling
down,so
it
does
need
a_____.
A.support
B.supply
C.control
D.defense
55.(2020南开中学第一次月考)---Could
you
tell
me
the______of
making
such
tasty
cakes?
---Well.I
just
follow
the
direction
in
the
cookbook.
A.trick
B.feature
C.technology
D.fashion
（真题）
1.(2018江苏，32)Try
to
understand
what’s
actually
happening
instead
of
acting
on
the______you’ve
made.
A..assignment
B.association
C.acquisition
D.assumption
2.(2017江苏，27)She
was
put
year
under
house
arrest
two
years
ago
but
remained
a
powerful_________in
last
year’s
election.
A.symbol
B.portrait
C.identity
D.statue
3.(2016福建，26)---Could
you
tell
me
the______of
making
such
tasty
cakes?
---Well,I
just
follow
the
directions
in
the
cookbook.
A.feature
B.plan
C.cost
D.trick
4.(2016江苏，24)---Can
you
tell
me
your______for
happiness
and
a
long
life?
----Living
every
day
to
the
full,definitely.
A.recipe
B.record
C.range
D.receipt
5.(2017浙江，15)One
of
the
most
effective
ways
to
reduce____is
to
talk
about
feelings
with
someone
you
trust.
A.production
B.stress
C.energy
D.power
6.(2020江苏，33）.The
health
security
systems
of
many
countries
are
undergoing
considerable
______.
A.
reservation
B.
transformation
C.
distinction
D.
submission
Key:
模拟：
A
句意：雾霾对人们健康的有害影响已经是一些城市居民最关心的问题之一。Concern关心
conflict冲突character角色charge费用。
2.
D
句意：天气预报说今晚晚些时候天气将转阴，降雨的可能性不大。Chance表示‘可能性’，符合语境。Effect影响sense感觉；意识change变化
3.
A
句意：他们的儿子最终安然无恙地回来，对父母来说是一个巨大的安慰。Relief安慰sense感觉relaxation放松favor偏爱
4.
D
句意：这栋大楼被专门设计过，以便让坐轮椅的人很容易通行。Access通路，（接近的）方法road道路
means方法way方式
5.
A
句意：真正的幸福不在于金钱的占有，而在于取得成就的喜悦。Possession占有
profession职业permission允许persuasion说服
6.
C
句意：为了保持专业能力，教师们应该不断地更新他们的知识。Consequence结果independence独立competence能力intelligence智慧。
7.
C
句意：男护士很难雇佣，因为很多男士都在长期的歧视中拒绝这一身份。Concept概念responsibility责任identity身份personality个性
8.
C
句意：在操场上发现的钱包与玛丽的描述相符，因此它一定是她的。Direction方向expression表达description描述instruction指导
9.
C
句意：现代语言的研究对于文化意识的提升有着独一无二的贡献。Influence
影响connection联系contribution贡献devotion奉献。
10.
C
句意：我们班对是否减少作业数量进行了激烈的辩论。Debate辩论bargain讨价还价contest竞赛campaign战役；活动
11.
C句意：花了很长时间准备饭菜，但是结果如此好，所以努力是值得的。
12.
A
句意：当一批消防员赶到现场时，那对老夫妇已经死亡，但是幸运的是，两个孩子得救了。由句意可知，选scene,现场
13.
A
absence缺少，presence存在existence存在
evidence证据.句意：严厉惩罚措施的缺失在导致日益严重的道路安全问题中扮演者主要角色。
14.
B
句意：网路时代应该是纸质媒介的结束和数字媒体的开端，但是一些书店居然在这一时代成功的幸存下来。Dealine截止日期dawn黎明；开端dusk黄昏departure出发
15.
D
view观点，风景exercise锻炼reality现实practice练习。根据语义和常识判断，提前预约医生在美国是‘习惯做法’故选D
16.
D
memory记忆
condition条件impression印象fortune幸运。根据句意和to
escape
injury
可知他有幸没有受伤。
17.
A
句意：Fiona总是能抓住任何晋升的机会。她是一个有雄心抱负的女子。Ambition抱负
attention注意expectation期待reputation名声
18.
C
reputation名声enjoyment喜欢
appreciation欣赏entertainment娱乐。根据句意‘中国艺术赢得了别国人民的欣赏，赞誉’
19.
B
exchange交流，bargain便宜货trade贸易business生意.根据语境B
句意：我们大多倾向于对那些认识的人的要求说好。Attempt尝试request要求doubt疑问promise承诺
20.
B
句意：我们大多倾向于对那些认识的人的要求说好。Attempt尝试request要求doubt疑问promise承诺
21.
C
句意：他想当飞行员的梦想由于视力太差了而受阻。Destination目的地inspiration灵感ambition
雄心promotion提升
22.
D
future
将来result结果end结尾case情况.根据下文表达的意思‘即使是这种情况又怎样？’可知应选D
23.
A
sense意义
room空间
choice选择
effort努力
根据句意：计划这么长远没有意义，很多事情到明年就会改变了。
24.
D
句意：政府限制了进口外国车辆的数量。Limitation限制administration管理requirement要求restriction限制。Limitation指数量上的限制。Restriction指的是法律上的限制。
25.
D
句意：我和peter的关系已经破裂了，因为他总是找我的茬。Error错误failure失败mistake错误fault过错，毛病
26.
B
句意：年少离家去西部煤矿寻求财富后，Millsaps在1883年加入了救世军。Recreation娱乐fortune财富expectation
期待reputation名望
27.
D
句意：在过去的几年间，我们已经看到了很多中国科幻小说作家的作品赢得了国际认可。Conclusion结论standard标准potential潜在性recognition认可
28.
B
句意：我听了威尔逊博士的有关野生动物保护的报告，但是却没领悟其核心要点。由句意可知，选point。Key
points关键；要点
29.
B
句意：每次你进入地铁站，你必须使你包里的东西被检查以保住你没有携带非法物品。Spot地点content内容quality质量entrance入口。此处指包里的东西，内容物。用content
30.
C
solution解决方法invitation邀请block障碍access接近；入口.根据句意：压力‘阻碍’一个人在学校的表现，故选C
31.
D
句意：如果你没有足够的钱买一辆新车，你为什么不先买一辆二手的呢？这是一个好建议。Saying说法question问题account账户suggestion建议
32.
B
approach
步骤
offer提议
idea想法instruction命令。句意：无论何时你想要吃好吃的，来我的餐馆，免费吃。
---一定的，相信我，这是我绝对不会拒绝的提议。
33.A
句意：如果你在学校上有明确的目标，并为之努力，你将会实现你的目标。Target目标function作用power力量environment环境
34.
D
lack缺乏load负担question问题waste浪费。根据句意：尤其是答语中的sour
grapes可推知，对方说我买新车是浪费金钱。
35.
A
句意：你还愿意借钱给你的室友吗？---我愿意。我总是相信他是一个诚实可靠的人。Belief信念
truth真相custom习俗fact事实。
36.
C
句意：工厂的经理告诉我们，过去很少废物利用。Cost话费value价值use用途matter事情。本句是make
use
of的被动语态形式。原句为：we
made
very
little
use
of
the
waste
material
in
the
past.
37.
A
句意：蓝月亮餐馆的服务名副其实，我们在那里受到了很好的服务。Live
up
to
one’s
reputation名副其实。
38.
D
There
is
no
doubt
that
...毫无疑问；It’s
no
wonder
that难怪It’s
no
good
in
doing
sth.做某事没有好处。There
is
no
point
in
doing
sth.做某事毫无意义。
39.
B
句意：随着全球人口的增加，人们越来越担心食物的供应。由句意可知，选B。Supply供应。
40.
A
句意：当船长发现船在快速下沉时，他命令手下发出求救信号。由句意可知，选A.signal信号sign标记symbol象征signature签名
41.
A
句意：如今很难想象那些在边远地区没有电的生活。Access机会；方法。Use使用approach靠近way方法；道路
42.
A
exposure接触extension扩大exhibition陈列expansion扩张。句意：一些专家担心过早接触电脑会对儿童的发展产生有害影响。
43.
C
A.高兴的事
B.仁慈
C.不幸
D.技巧。此处指遇上一个与我的性格矛盾的职员，应该是我的不幸。所以C选项符合句意。
44.
B
agreement同意
harmony
和谐
connection联系comparison对比。根据语境是和谐地生活在一起。故选B
45.
C
句意：PM2.5是什么意思？--它是一个专业术语，表明空气污染的状况。Number数字mark标记term术语item物品
46.
D
A.成就
B
保证
C
竞赛
D
雄心。成为第一个在30分钟内跑完10000米的女子，这应该是她的雄心，所以D
选项符合句意。
47.
A
句意：这件衣服价格这么低，真是便宜。---对啊。我们每人买一件吧？Bargain便宜货
prize奖品
medal
奖章
income收入
48.
C
condition状态income收入
credit信誉
status
地位。不按时交费会影响‘信誉’
49.
B
句意：健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。Lack缺乏limit限制need需要demand要求
50.
A
句意：狗有好的嗅觉，它们经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。Sense感觉view视野
means方法idea观点
51.
D
A.能力
B。武力
C.头脑
D.体力。句意：Bill做大量的身体锻炼来增加他的体力。
52.
C
句意：他做了些什么来回报这对善良的夫妇提供他的免费的住宿和食物？---他辅导他们儿子的功能。Conservation保护admission许可accommodation住处immigration移民
53.
C
句意：警察责备那个司机没发出任何信号就转弯。Symbol象征mark标记signal信号chance机会
54.
A
句意：屋顶快要倒塌了，因此它需要一个支撑。Support支撑supply供应control控制defense捍卫
55.
A
句意：你可以告诉我做出这么美味的蛋糕的诀窍吗？--按照烹饪书上的说明进行就好了。Trick诡计，诀窍feature特点technology技术fashion时尚。
真题
D
句意：要努力弄懂事实上正在发生的事情而不是把你的行为建立在假设之上。Assignment任务association协会acquisition获得assumption假设
A
句意：她两年前被软禁，但在去年的大选中仍然是一个有力的象征。Symbol象征,符合题意，所以选A.portrait肖像
identity身份statue雕像，皆不符合题意。
D
feature特点plan
计划cost费用trick技巧。根据语境的follow
the
direction‘按照说明’可知，说话人想知道做这种蛋糕的技巧。
4.
A
本题谈论的是幸福和长寿的秘诀，因此选择recipe.recipe除了可以表示‘食谱’还可以表示‘秘诀’
5.B
根据句意可知，减少压力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人说出你的感受。Production生产
energy能量
power力量.都不能符合题意。
6.B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。A.
reservation预订；B.
transformation改革，变革；C.
distinction区别；D.
submission提交。根据前文The
health
security
systems可知，此处指“卫生安全系统的变革”。故选B。
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