(共104张PPT)
UNIT
4
NATURAL
DISASTERS
Section
Ⅰ Listening
and
Speaking，
Reading
and
Thinking
课前自主预习
课内要点探究
随堂达标验收
夯基提能作业
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．重点单词
1．____________n.灾难；灾害
2．___________n.旱灾；久旱
3．_________vi.&
vt.(使)滑行；滑动
4．_________n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
→___________adj.洪水泛滥的
5．__________n.&
vt.营救；救援
6．__________vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
7．___________vt.摧毁；毁灭
disaster
drought
slide
flood
flooded
rescue
damage
destroy
8．_________n.死；死亡
9．__________vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
10．___________n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩藏 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
11．________n.&
vt.破坏；毁坏
12．___________n.百分之…… adj.&
adv.每一百中
→______________n.百分率；百分比
13．_________n.砖；砖块
death
affect
shelter
ruin
percent
percentage
brick
14．_________n.金属
→_________n.模特；模范；榜样
→_________n.奖章；勋章；纪念章
→_________n.新闻媒体；传媒
15．_________n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
→___________adj.感到震惊的
→____________adj.令人震惊的
metal
model
medal
media
shock
shocked
shocking
16．_______________n.电；电能
→____________adj.电动的，用电的
→______________adj.与(用)电有关的；电气科学的
→______________adj.电子的
17．________vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
18．________vt.埋葬；安葬
19．___________vi.&
vt.呼吸
→__________n.呼吸；气息
→______________adj.气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的
→________________adv.气喘吁吁地；上气不接下气地
electricity
electric
electrical
electronic
trap
bury
breathe
breath
breathless
breathlessly
20．__________n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
→______________adj.不需费力的
21．__________n.智慧；才智
→________adj.有智慧的；英明的；明智的
→__________adv.明智地；精明地
22．___________n.上下文；语境；背景
23．__________vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
→_____________n.疼痛；痛苦；苦难；折磨
effort
effortless
wisdom
wise
wisely
context
suffer
suffering
Ⅱ．重点短语
1．write
________写下；记下
2．refer
______指的是；参考
3．think
_________考虑
4．set
______搭起；建立
5．______
least至少
6．______
usual像往常一样
7．______
if似乎；好像；仿佛
down
to
about
up
at
as
as
8．come
to
______
end结束；终结
9．______
ruins严重受损；破败不堪
10．_______
number
of
……的数目
11．nothing
_______除……以外什么也不；只有；只不过
12．tens
______
thousands
of数以万计的
13．______
shock震惊；吃惊
14．dig
_______掘出；发现
15．look
______抬头看，查阅
16．suffer
________...患……疾病；受……之苦
an
in
the
but
of
in
out
up
from
Ⅲ．重点句型
1．Chickens
and
even
pigs
were
_______
nervous
______
eat，and
dogs
refused
to
go
inside
buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃食，狗也拒绝进入建筑物中。
2．It
seemed
________
the
world
were
_________________!
世界末日似乎到了！
too
to
as
if
coming
to
an
end
3．Thousands
of
children
____________
without
parents.
成千上万个孩子变成了孤儿。
4．_______________
people
_______
were
killed
or
badly
injured
in
the
quake
was
more
than
400,000.
地震中死亡和重伤的人数超过40万。
were
left
The
number
of
who
Ⅳ．课文预读
Read
the
text
(P50)
and
choose
the
best
answers.
1．All
the
following
unusual
things
happened
before
the
quake
EXCEPT
that
_____.
A．the
water
in
the
village
wells
rose
and
fell
B．the
chickens
and
even
the
pigs
were
too
nervous
to
eat
C．tens
of
thousands
of
cows
would
never
give
milk
again
D．fish
jumped
out
of
the
water
C
2．Before
the
earthquake,
people
were
asleep
as
usual
because
_____.
A．they
didn’t
notice
anything
strange
happening
B．they
knew
well
about
earthquakes
C．something
strange
happened
in
many
places
D．they
didn’t
realize
the
arrival
of
an
earthquake
D
3．The
second
and
third
paragraphs
are
mainly
about
_____.
A．the
great
loss
the
earthquake
brought
to
Tangshan
B．the
number
of
people
who
were
killed
or
injured
C．when
and
where
an
earthquake
happened
D．the
cause
of
the
big
earthquake
in
Tangshan
A
4．What
does
the
sentence
“Slowly,
the
city
began
to
breathe
again.”
mean？______
A．The
city
will
not
die.It
has
hope.And
it
can
recover
from
the
pain.
B．The
army
sent
150,000
soldiers
to
Tangshan
to
help
people.
C．Hundreds
of
thousands
of
people
were
helped.
D．Most
of
the
10,000
miners
were
rescued.
5．What
is
the
mood
(语气)
of
this
passage？______
A．Sad.
B．Serious.
C．Serious
and
sad.
D．Calm.
A
C
课内要点探究
We
had
given
up
the
hope
of
rescue.
我们那时已经放弃了营救的希望。
We
rescued
him
from
the
enemy’s
camp.
我们把他从敌营中救了出来。
重
点
单
词
1．rescue
n．&
vt.营救；救援
rescue
worker救援人员
come/go
to
sb’s
rescue前来/去营救(某人)
rescue...from...从……营救……
rescuer
n．救助者
单句语法填空
①She
seemed
to
be
waiting
for
someone
to
come
______
her
rescue.
②This
boy
______________(rescue)
from
the
running
river.
完成句子
③The
fireman
____________________
the
burning
house.
消防队员从失火的房子里救出一个婴儿。
to
was
rescued
rescued
a
baby
from
The
earthquake
damaged
several
buildings.
地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。
You
have
damaged
my
bicycle.You
won’t
have
it
again.
你把我的自行车弄坏了。你别想再用了。
Eating
too
much
meat
one
time
will
cause
damage
to
your
stomach.
一次吃太多肉会对你的胃造成损害。
2．damage
vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
cause/do
damage
to＝damage(v.)伤害；损伤
do＋n.＋to短语
do
harm
to
＝
be
harmful
to＝be
bad
for对……造成伤害/有害处
do
good
to
sb.＝do
sb.good＝
be
good
for
sb.对……有好处
do
wrong
to冤屈，冤枉
单句语法填空
①The
heavy
rain
didn’t
do
much
damage
______
the
crops.
②Her
heart
______________(damage)
as
a
result
of
the
disease.
完成句子
③For
them,
dieting
not
only
is
useless
but
also
might
______________
_______.
对他们来说，节食不仅是无用的，而且可能会损害他们的健康。
to
was
damaged
damage
their
health
A
fire
destroyed
the
house.
一场火毁坏了那座房屋。
The
school
was
completely
destroyed
by
fire.
学校被大火彻底烧毁了。
All
his
hopes
were
destroyed.
他所有的希望都破灭了。
3．destroy
vt.摧毁；毁灭
destruction
n.
[U]破坏；毁坏
destructive
adj.
破坏性的；造成破坏的
用destroy的适当形式填空
①The
strong
earthquake
left
death
and
_______________
behind
it.
②The
town
________________
in
the
war,
but
the
library
remained.
③It
is
the
most
_______________
storm
in
20
years.
④With
more
forests
__________________，huge
quantities
of
good
earth
are
being
washed
away
each
year.
destruction
was
destroyed
destructive
being
destroyed
He
was
much
affected
by
the
sad
news.
这个悲惨的消息使他非常难过。
The
advertising
campaign
didn’t
have
much
effect
on
sales.
这些广告攻势对销售额并没有起到多大作用。
4．affect
vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；使感染；深深打动；感动
be
affected
by...被……侵袭；被……感动
effect
n．影响
have
an
effect
/influence
on...对……有影响
in
effect实际上
take
effect开始实行；开始生效
bring/put
sth.into
effect使某物开始使用
come
into
effect
(尤指法律/规章制度)开始实施
单句语法填空
①One
of
her
lungs
______________(affect)
a
little
so
that
she
has
to
rest.
②I
think
the
____________(affect)
patient
needs
to
be
isolated(隔离)．
写出黑体部分的含义
③The
audience
was
deeply
affected
by
his
selfless
spirit.( 感动 )
④More
than
seven
million
people
have
been
affected
by
drought.(
影响
)
⑤This
disease
affects
millions
in
the
world
every
year.(
侵袭；感染
)
is
affected
affected
Many
of
the
children
in
the
shelter
are
orphans.
收容所里有好多孩子是孤儿。
Human
beings
need
clothing,
food
and
shelter.
人类有衣、食、住的需求。
She
was
accused
of
sheltering
a
murderer.
她因为庇护谋杀犯而被控告。
5．shelter
n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
give
shelter
to...给予……庇护的地方
under
the
shelter
of...在……的庇护下
单句语法填空
①Though
she
was
a
common
person,
she
________________(shelter)
by
the
USA．
②The
church
gave
shelter
______
people
on
winter
nights.
was
sheltered
to
The
storm
ruined
the
crops.
暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。
If
you
go
on
like
this,
you’ll
ruin
yourself.
如果你继续这样下去，你会毁了你自己。
6．ruin
n．&
vt.破坏；毁坏
in
ruins严重受损；破败不堪
be
reduced
to
ruins沦为废墟
come/fall
into
ruin严重受损；破败不堪；崩溃；垮掉
bring
sth.to
ruin使……失败；使……毁坏
ruin
oneself自取灭亡
ruin
one’s
health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉
The
city
laid
in
ruins
after
the
earthquake.
地震之后，这座城市变成了一片废墟。
damage，destroy，ruin
damage，destroy和ruin这三个单词均表示“破坏”“损坏”的意思，但各自的含义和用法不同。
damage
n.&
v．
通常是指部分性损坏，往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低，有时用于比喻用法中。用作名词时常用于do/cause
damage
to
sth.
destroy
v.
通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，往往暗示无法或很难修复，有时用于比喻用法中
ruin
n.&
v．
指彻底毁坏，破坏的原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，现多用于比喻用法，在表示真正具体摧毁或破坏某幢建筑物时，通常不用ruin
单句语法填空
①That
mistake
__________(ruin)
his
chance
of
getting
the
job.
②This
country
was
once
proud
of
its
education
system.Now
it
seems
to
be
______
ruins.
③The
Normans
built
the
castle
which
was
reduced
______
ruins.
选词填空(ruin/damage/destroy)
④The
car
was
only
slightly
___________
in
the
accident.
⑤They
totally
__________
my
life
after
that
conversation.
⑥Their
house
was
completely
_____________
in
the
hurricane.
ruined
in
to
damaged
ruined
destroyed
He
has
never
recovered
from
the
shock
of
his
father’s
death.
他一直没有从他爸爸去世的打击中恢复过来。
Yes,
we
are
still
in
shock,
but
we
came.
是的，我们仍然感到震惊，但我们来了。
I
was
shocked
by
the
way
he
treated
his
own
mother.
他对待自己母亲的方式令我震惊。
We
are
very
shocked
to
hear
that
the
goods
are
damaged.
得知货物损坏的消息，我们感到非常震惊。
7．shock
n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
in
shock震惊；吃惊
a
shock
to
sb.令某人震惊的事
to
one’s
shock令某人震惊的是
shocked
adj.感到震惊的
be
shocked
at/by...对……感到震惊
be
shocked
to
do
sth.震惊地做某事
shocking
adj.令人震惊的
单句语法填空
①Lincoln’s
death
was
a
piece
of
surprising
news.The
whole
nation
was
___________(shock)
at
the
sad
news.
②Logan’s
death
was
pointless—that
was
part
of
the
reason
we
were
______
shock.
③O.Henry’s
short
stories
always
gave
the
readers
____________(shock)
endings.
shocked
in
shocking
一句多译
听说他的病很严重，我吃了一惊。
④It
gave
me
quite
__________
to
be
told
he
was
seriously
ill.
⑤I
____________________
that
he
was
seriously
ill.
a
shock
was
shocked
to
hear
During
the
fire,
he
was
trapped
in
the
building.
火灾发生时，他被困在大楼里。
Some
people
like
to
trap
old
people
into
buying
some
useless
things.
有些人喜欢诱骗老年人买些无用的东西。
The
police
set
a
trap
to
catch
the
thief.
警察设下圈套来捉拿窃贼。
The
two
thieves
fell
into
a
trap
at
last.
那两个窃贼最终落入了圈套。
8．trap
vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
be
trapped
under/in...被困于……
trap
sb.into
doing
sth.诱骗某人干某事
set
a
trap设置陷阱/布下圈套
fall
into
a
trap落入圈套
单句语法填空
①They
were
trapped
______
the
burning
hotel.
②The
fox
and
the
dog
both
fell
into
_____
trap
set
by
the
farmer.
完成句子
③She
had
_______________
him
and
he
had
walked
straight
into
it.
她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。
④The
young
man
_______________________________
his
poor
quality
milk.
那个年轻人诱骗那位老太太买了他的劣质牛奶。
in
a
set
a
trap
for
trapped
the
old
lady
into
buying
Bury
the
old
world
and
build
a
new
one.
埋葬旧世界，建设新世界。
He
buried
his
face
in
his
hands.
他双手掩面。
His
body
was
buried
in
snow,
but
his
head
was
sticking
out.
他的身体被埋在雪里，但是头伸在外面。
Buried
in
his
study,
he
didn’t
know
that
the
others
had
left.
他埋头学习，不知道其他人已经离开了。
9．bury
vt.埋葬；安葬；使沉浸；使专心
单句语法填空
①His
head
was
buried
______
the
book
he
was
reading.
一句多译
他专心于学习，没有注意到我进来。
②He
___________________
study
and
didn’t
notice
me
come
in.
③He
_______________
study
and
didn’t
notice
me
come
in.
④____________
study,
he
didn’t
notice
me
come
in.
in
buried
himself
in
was
buried
in
Buried
in
The
air
was
so
cold
that
we
could
hardly
breathe.
空气非常寒冷，我们难以呼吸。
The
doctor
asked
me
to
breathe
in,
then
to
breathe
out
fully.
医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
10．breathe
vi.&
vt.呼吸
breathe
(sth.)
in吸气；吸入……
breathe
(sth.)
out呼气；呼出……
breath
n．呼吸
hold
one’s
breath屏住呼吸
out
of
breath气喘吁吁；上气不接下气
take
a
breath歇口气，歇会儿透口气
lose
one’s
breath气喘吁吁；上气不接下气
breathless
adj.喘不过气来的；无风的
单句语法填空
①After
climbing
that
long
flight
of
stairs
she
was
completely
out
______
breath.
②They
hold
_________(they)
breath
when
they
watched
the
match.
完成句子
③He
___________________，and
then
jumped
into
the
pool.
他深深吸了一口气，然后跳入池中。
④They
came
out
of
the
tunnel
and
happily
_______________________.
他们走出地道，愉快地呼吸着新鲜空气。
of
their
took
a
deep
breath
breathed
the
fresh
air
The
local
clubs
are
making
an
effort
to
attract
more
young
people.
地方俱乐部正在努力来吸引更多的年轻人。
They
spared
no
effort
to
improve
people’s
life.
他们不遗余力地改善人民的生活。
She
took
a
deep
breath
and
sat
up
slowly
with
great
effort.
她深吸一口气，费力地慢慢坐起身来。
11．effort
n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
effort表示一般性的努力(即表泛指意义)，通常是不可数名词。
It’s
a
waste
of
time
and
effort.
这是在浪费时间和精力。
若强调一次一次具体的努力，通常是可数名词，常与all,
these等修饰语连用。
All
his
efforts
were
of
no
avail.
他的努力都没有用。
单句语法填空
①The
prisoner
made
an
effort
____________(escape),
but
he
couldn’t
climb
the
prison
wall.
②______
an
effort
to
honor
our
relationship,
I
need
to
tell
you
the
truth.
to
escape
In
句型转换
③They
are
trying
their
best
to
prevent
the
river
from
being
polluted.
→They
are
_____________________
to
prevent
the
river
from
being
polluted.
→They
are
___________________
to
prevent
the
river
from
being
polluted.
making
every
effort
sparing
no
effort
Many
people
are
still
suffering
from
starvation.
很多人仍然在忍受饥饿之苦。
Japan
is
suffering
another
disaster
because
of
the
nuclear
leak.
日本因核泄漏正遭受另一场灾难。
12．suffer
vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
suffer
pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏
suffer
from...受……折磨；患……病
suffering
n．痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事
sufferer
n．患难者；患病者
suffer，suffer
from
(1)suffer后常加的名词多指抽象的损害、痛苦等，如suffer
pain/defeat/losses/
the
result/side
effects“遭受痛苦/失败/损失/(承受)结果/副作用”。
(2)suffer
from常加具体的不幸或痛苦的名词，表示遭受战争、自然灾害、疾病带来的痛苦。如suffer
from
hunger/flood/fever/cold/disease“遭受饥饿/洪水/发烧/感冒/患病”。
He
suffered
many
defeats
before
success.
成功前他失败了很多次。
The
child
suffers
from
measles.
这个小孩得了麻疹。
单句语法填空
①The
old
man
went
through
a
lot
of
______________(suffer)
in
the
old
days.
What’s
worse,
he
suffered
________
heart
attack
when
he
was
in
his
eighties.
②A
lot
of
money
has
been
collected
to
help
those
_____________(suffer)
from
the
floods.
③Relief
food
and
clothing
should
be
quickly
sent
to
the
_____________
(suffer)
from
the
great
fire.
sufferings
from
suffering
sufferers
选词填空(suffer/suffer
from)
④Unluckily,
he
________________
a
sudden
heart
failure
and
died.
⑤Within
a
few
days
she
became
seriously
ill
and
____________
great
pain.
suffered
from
suffered
They
set
up
a
special
committee
to
look
into
the
matter.
他们设立了一个专门的委员会来调查此事。
They
decided
to
set
up
a
new
school.
他们决定建一所新学校。
重
点
短
语
1．set
up设立；建立
set
off
出发；动身；开始
set
out
出发；动身
set
about
(doing
sth.)
开始(做某事)
单句语法填空
①—Have
great
changes
taken
place
in
your
village?
—Yes.A
new
school
was
set
______
in
the
village
last
year.
②We
set
about
____________(paint)
the
whole
house
but
finished
only
the
front
part
that
day.
up
painting
The
meeting
has
come
to
an
end.
会议已经结束了。
Their
quarrel
came
to
an
end
finally.
他们的争吵终于结束了。
2．come
to
an
end结束；终止
come
to
an
end的主语是物，不用于被动语态。若表示“使……结束”，则用bring
sth.to
an
end。
He
managed
to
bring
the
terrible
situation
to
an
end.
他设法结束了这种糟糕的局面。
be
at
an
end结束
at
the
end
of...在……的尽头
by
the
end
of...到……末尾为止(常和完成时连用)
reach
the
end
of
the
line/road穷途末路
in
the
end最终；最后
make
ends
meet使收支相抵；勉强维持生计
单句语法填空
①Thankfully，I
managed
to
get
through
the
game
and
the
pain
was
worth
it
in
_______
end.
②The
summer
vacation
came
to
______
end
at
last.
用end的相关短语填空
③They
don’t
realize
their
school
life
will
_______________.
他们没有意识到他们的学校生活就要结束了。
the
an
come
to
an
end
④I
am
going
to
charge
a
new
dress,
and
pay
for
it
______________
the
month.
我要去买一件新衣服，并在月底付款。
⑤They
had
achieved
their
plan
______________
last
month.
截止到上个月底，他们已经完成了计划。
⑥He
failed
so
many
times
that
____________
he
gave
up
hope.
他失败的次数太多了，以至于他最终放弃了希望。
at
the
end
of
by
the
end
of
in
the
end
For
miles
and
miles
I
could
see
nothing
but
a
great
fire
and
lots
of
smoke.
一连好几英里，除了大火和浓烟我什么也看不见。
He
did
nothing
but
sleep
all
day
long.
他什么也不干，成天睡觉。
I
can
do
nothing
but
obey
it.
我只能服从。
3．nothing
but除……外什么也没有；只有；仅仅
anything
but绝不；根本不
I
was
anything
but
happy
about
going.
我一点也不愿意出去。
单句语法填空
Under
the
soil
there
is
nothing
_______
sand.
but
Tens
of
thousands
of
people
were
watching
the
game
in
the
stadium
when
it
began
to
rain.
数以万计的人正在体育馆看比赛，这时天突然下起雨来。
4．tens
of
thousands
of数以万计的
thousand,
hundred等前有具体数字时不用复数，后接名词时不用of；但如果是表示不确定的数目，即表示“概数”时，用复数形式，且后跟of。
two
hundred
students
两百名学生
hundreds/thousands
of...数以百计/千计的……
dozens
of许多；大量
scores
of许多；大量
hundreds
of数以百计的
thousands
of数以千计的
millions
of数以百万计的
hundreds
and
hundreds
of成百上千的
hundreds
of
thousands
of成千上万的
单句语法填空
Thousands
______
people
left
the
countryside
to
work
in
the
city.
of
They
dug
out
an
old
vase.
他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。
I
tried
to
dig
out
the
truth.
我设法探出真相。
5．dig
out掘出；发现
dig
into
挖掘；深入钻研
dig
up
找出；查明
单句语法填空
I
must
remember
to
dig
_______
that
book
for
you.
out
(1)这是由并列连词and连接的两个简单句。
(2)too...to...太……而不能
The
wires
are
too
high
for
children
to
reach.
线太高，孩子们够不着。
重
点
句
型
1．Chickens
and
even
pigs
were
too
nervous
to
eat，and
dogs
refused
to
go
inside
buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃食，狗也拒绝进入建筑物中。
He
was
too
ill
to
travel.
他病得太重了，不能远行。
It’s
too
hot
a
day
to
work.
天气太热了，无法工作。
too...to...句型在下列情况下表示肯定意义：
(1)与某些表示心情的或描述性的形容词连用时，too相当于very，意为“非常”。此类形容词常见的有happy,
glad,
easy,
ready,
willing,
nervous,
good,
kind,
surprised等。在该用法中，常在too前加上only,
but,
all,
simply或just，用来加强语气。
Tom
is
(only)
too
glad
to
help
you.
汤姆非常乐意帮助你。
They
are
(all)
too
willing
to
take
the
opinions
of
others.
他们都非常愿意接受别人的意见。
(2)too前有not,
never,
can’t等否定词修饰时构成双重否定，表示肯定意义，意为“并非太……；不会太……；再……也不过分”。
English
is
not
too
difficult
to
learn.
英语并不难学。
It’s
never
too
late
to
learn.
活到老，学到老。
You
can’t
be
too
careful
to
do
your
homework.
你做作业越仔细越好。
单句语法填空
①The
problem
is
too
difficult
for
the
students
__________
(work)
out.
翻译句子
②I
am
only
too
willing
to
have
someone
to
speak
to.
我能找到人聊聊天，______________。
③I
was
too
excited
to
fall
asleep
last
night.
我昨晚____________________。
④I
am
never
too
busy
to
answer
your
phone
call!
__________________________!
to
work
我太高兴了
太兴奋了没睡着觉
我不会忙得不接你的电话
as
if引导的从句在句中作表语，as
if
“仿佛；好像”。
It
seemed
as
if...意为“看起来好像……”。
The
child
talked
to
us
as
if
he
were
a
grown－up.
那孩子跟我们谈起话来，像个大人似的。
She
left
the
room
hurriedly
as
if
she
was
angry.
她匆忙离开了房间，好像很生气的样子。
It
looks
as
if
it
will
rain
before
long.
看起来一会儿就要下雨了。
2．It
seemed
as
if
the
world
were
coming
to
an
end!世界末日似乎到了！
as
if＝as
though仿佛；好像
even
if＝even
though即使
若as
if/as
though引导的从句可能是真实的事情或情况时，用陈述语气；若与事实相反或不符，通常用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时，be动词用were；表示与过去事实相反时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might＋动词原形。
(1)as
if/as
though
引导表语从句。
The
clouds
are
gathering.It
looks
as
if
it
is
going
to
rain.
乌云密布，天看起来像要下雨了。
It
looks
as
if
the
sky
were
falling
down.
天看起来好像要塌下来似的。
(2)as
if/as
though
引导方式状语从句。
He
talks
as
if
he
were
the
owner
of
the
world.(与现在事实相反，be动词用were)
他说起话来好像他主宰这个世界似的。
He
talks
as
if
he
had
been
to
the
moon.(与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时)
他说起话来好像他去过月球似的。
She
talks
and
talks
as
if
she
would
never
stop.(与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用would＋动词原形)
她说呀说呀，好像永远也说不完。
(3)as
if引导方式状语从句时可用省略形式，后面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语，也可跟分词或不定式。
He
talks
as
if
a
philosopher.
他说起话来就好像是一个哲学家似的。
The
lady
cried
and
laughed
as
if
mad.
这位女士哭了又笑，好像疯了。
Tom
dropped
his
head
and
didn’t
dare
say
a
word,
as
if
not
knowing
the
answer.
汤姆低垂着头不敢说话，好像不知道答案。
He
talks
as
if
drunk.
从他谈话的样子来看，他像是醉了。
Tom
opened
his
mouth
as
if
to
say
something.
汤姆张开嘴好像要说什么。
单句语法填空
①—What
a
noise!
I
can
hardly
stand
it.
—It
sounds
______
if
they
are
having
a
party
next
door.
②The
man
we
followed
suddenly
stopped
as
if
_________(see)
whether
he
was
going
in
the
right
direction.
as
to
see
③She
looks
as
if
she
________(be)
ten
years
younger.
④He
talked
about
London
as
if
he
___________(be)
there.
⑤He
opened
his
mouth
as
if
he
____________(say)
something.
完成句子
⑥It
seemed
______________
he
had
known
the
fact
already.
他好像早已知道事实了。
were
had
been
would
say
as
if/though
(1)Thousands
of
children
were
left
without
parents.是．..
left
thousands
of
children
without
parents的被动形式。without
parents
是介词短语，在句中作主语补足语，表示主语的状态。
(2)leave表示“使处于……状态”时，可构成“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构，其中宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、过去分词、现在分词、介词(短语)等充当。
3．Thousands
of
children
were
left
without
parents.成千上万个孩子变成了孤儿。
You
shouldn’t
have
left
all
the
windows
open
when
you
were
sleeping.
你睡觉时本不该开着所有的窗子的。(形容词作宾补)
She
ran
away，leaving
her
boyfriend
in
the
rain
alone.
她跑开了，留她的男友一个人在雨中。(介词短语作宾补)
It’s
impolite
of
you
to
leave
the
guest
standing
outside
for
half
an
hour.
你让客人在外面站了半个小时真是不礼貌。(现在分词作宾补)
The
guests
left
most
of
the
dishes
untouched，because
they
didn’t
taste
delicious.
大部分菜客人们都没有动，因为它们不可口。(过去分词作宾补)
单句语法填空
①We
should
not
leave
the
tap
water
___________(run)
or
waste
any
meterials
in
the
lab
class.
②I
left
the
door
____________(unlock)
when
I
went
out.
③Qi
Baishi’s
style
of
painting
often
leaves
the
audience
____________
(guess)
and
makes
them
use
their
imagination.
running
unlocked
guessing
④He
didn’t
feel
excited
at
the
news
that
our
team
won
the
game,
leaving
me
____________(confuse)．
⑤Firefighters
put
out
the
fire,
which
left
the
kitchen
___________
(damage)
and
the
oven
completely
_____________(destroy)．
confused
damaged
destroyed
(1)这是一个主从复合句。句中who
were
killed
or
badly
injured
in
the
quake是who引导的定语从句，先行词是people，who是关系代词，代替先行词并在从句中作主语。
4．The
number
of
people
who
were
killed
or
badly
injured
in
the
quake
was
more
than
400,000.
地震中死亡和受伤的人数超过40万。
(2)the
number
of意为“……的数目”，后接可数名词复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Today
the
number
of
people
learning
English
in
China
is
increasing
rapidly.
目前在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增加。
a
number
of等同于many，意为“许多的”，修饰可数名词复数形式，当其所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Quite
a
number
of
young
people
believe
that
money
is
a
passport
to
happiness.
相当一部分年轻人认为金钱是获得幸福的通行证。
单句语法填空
①A
number
of
teachers
_______(be)
present
today；the
number
of
them
______(be)
300.
②A
number
of
students
________(be)
absent
from
the
meeting
yesterday.
are
is
were (共32张PPT)
UNIT
4
NATURAL
DISASTERS
Section
Ⅱ Discovering
Useful
Structures
单元语法精析
夯基提能作业
单元语法精析
语法点拨
一、定语从句的概述
在复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语、句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的成分叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有两种：关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that,
which,
who(宾格为whom，所有格为whose)等，关系副词包括where,
when,
why等。关系代词和关系副词有三个作用：①引导从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中作成分。
关系代词引导的定语从句
The
people
whom
you
met
on
the
campus
yesterday
are
from
England.
你昨天在大学校园里见到的那些人来自英国。
He
is
reading
a
book
which
is
written
by
Lu
Xun.
他正在读一本鲁迅写的书。
二、关系代词的用法
1．关系代词有who,
whom,
whose,
which,
that等。它们的具体使用情况如下表所示：
关系词
先行词
在从句中充当的成分
备注
关
系
代
词
who
人
主语、宾语
whom,
which和that在从句中作宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面的关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that和who
whom
人
宾语
which
物
主语、宾语
that
人或物
主语、宾语、表语
whose
人或物
定语
whose＋n.＝the＋n.＋of
which/whom＝of
which/whom＋the＋n.(先行词指人时用whom，指物时用which)
2．在定语从句中，使用关系代词时我们应该考虑两点：一是先行词是“人”还是“物”；二是关系代词在定语从句中充当什么成分。
He
is
a
man
who/that
means
what
he
says.
他是一个说话算话的人。(先行词指人，关系代词who/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语)
Is
there
anyone
in
your
class
whose
father
is
a
teacher?
你们班有谁的父亲是老师？(先行词指人，关系代词whose引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语)
To
be
frank,
I
don’t
like
the
movie
(which/that)
you
recommended
to
me
yesterday.
坦率地讲，我不喜欢你昨天推荐给我的那部影片。(先行词指物，关系代词which/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略)
关系代词在从句中作主语时，根据先行词的单复数确定从句谓语动词的单复数。
He
is
the
only
one
of
the
students
who
knows
French
in
our
class.
他是我们班里唯一懂法语的学生。(the
only
one为先行词)
He
is
one
of
the
students
who
know
French
in
our
class.
他是我们班里懂法语的学生之一。(students为先行词)
whose还是which
关系代词在定语从句中作定语时，无论指人还是指物，都要用whose，而不能用which。
That’s
the
new
machine
whose
parts
are
too
small
to
be
seen.
那是一台零件小到看不见的新机器。
Have
you
seen
the
film
Titanic,
whose
leading
actor
is
world－famous?
你看过《泰坦尼克号》这部电影吗？它的男主角是世界著名的。
关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。
that可作主宾表，指人指物它都行。
which专来指物用，主语、宾语它也能。
who和whom来指人，whom仅作宾语用。
whose一词作定语，指人指物都管用。
用定语从句合并句子
①I
live
next
door
to
a
couple.Their
children
often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
__________________________________________________________
②The
man
is
from
Peking
University.I
talked
about
the
man
at
the
meeting.
_______________________________________________________________________
I
live
next
door
to
a
couple
whose
children
often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
The
man
(who/whom/that)
I
talked
about
at
the
meeting
is
from
Peking
University.
③The
boy
is
sitting
on
the
chair.The
boy
is
my
brother.
_______________________________________________
④The
city
is
near
the
sea.The
city
is
very
beautiful.
_______________________________________________
The
boy
who/that
is
sitting
on
the
chair
is
my
brother.
The
city
which/that
is
near
the
sea
is
very
beautiful.
三、关系代词that与which的用法辨析
1．关系代词用that而不用which的情况
(1)当先行词是all,
much,
anything,
nothing,
everything，little,
none等不定代词时或先行词被all，much，any，no，every，some，little等不定代词修饰时
She
told
me
everything
that
she
knew.
她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。
(2)先行词既有人又有物时
I
can
remember
well
the
persons
and
some
pictures
that
I
saw
in
the
room.
我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
(3)先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时
The
first
place
that
they
visited
in
Guilin
was
Elephant
Trunk
Hill.
在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
(4)先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时
This
is
the
best
film
that
I
have
ever
seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
(5)先行词为the
last,
the
only,
the
very,
the
same等或被这些词修饰时
Mr.
Smith
is
the
only
foreigner
that
he
knows.
史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。
This
is
the
very
room
that
I
slept
in
that
evening.
这正是我那天晚上睡觉的房间。
the
same...as与the
same...that的区别
一般情况下，the
same...as指的是与先行词同类的事物/人，而the
same...that与先行词指的是同一个事物/人。
This
is
the
same
pen
as
I
bought
yesterday.
这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。(同一类，表相似)
This
is
the
same
pen
that
I
borrowed
from
Mr
Li.
这就是我从李老师那里借的钢笔。(同一物，表同一)
(6)主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时
Which
is
the
true
story
that
he
told
us?
他给我们讲的哪一个故事是真实的？
2．关系代词用which而不用that的情况
(1)先行词为that时
—What’s
that
which
is
under
the
desk?
桌子底下的那个东西是什么？
—It’s
a
football.
那是一个足球。
(2)关系代词前有介词时
This
is
the
room
in
which
he
lives.
这是他住的房间。
(3)引导非限制性定语从句时
Tom
came
back,
which
made
us
happy.
汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
强调句与定语从句的区别
It
was
the
student
that/who
asked
the
silly
question.
就是这个学生问了这么一个愚蠢的问题。(强调句)
He
was
the
student
who
asked
the
silly
question.
他就是那个问了愚蠢问题的学生。(定语从句)
选词填空(that/which)
①Finally,
the
thief
handed
everything
________
he
had
stolen
to
the
police.
②Have
you
any
books
________
are
worth
reading?
③This
is
the
best
film
________
I
have
ever
seen.
④I’m
going
to
talk
about
the
countries
and
people
________
I
have
visited.
⑤Bamboo
is
hollow,
_________
makes
it
very
light.
that
that
that
that
which
专项练习
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The
old
town
has
narrow
streets
and
small
houses
_____________
are
built
close
to
each
other.
2．She
has
a
gift
for
creating
an
atmosphere
for
her
students
_____________
allows
them
to
communicate
freely
with
each
other.
3．The
prize
will
go
to
the
writer
_________
story
shows
the
most
imagination.
4．I’ve
become
good
friends
with
several
of
the
students
in
my
school
_______________
I
met
in
the
English
speech
contest
last
year.
that/which
which/that
whose
who/whom/that
5．—Do
you
have
anything
to
say
for
yourselves?
—Yes,
there’s
one
point
_____________
we
must
insist
on.
6．I
refuse
to
accept
the
blame
for
something
________
was
someone
else’s
fault.
7．Jack
is
the
most
intelligent
man
_______________
I’ve
ever
met.
8．As
a
child,
Jack
studied
in
a
village
school,
_________
is
named
after
his
grandfather.
9．Barbara
is
easy
to
recognize
as
she’s
the
only
one
of
the
women
who
_________
(wear)
evening
dress.
10．I
have
the
same
magazine
______
you
bought
just
now.
that/which
that
that/who/whom
which
wears
as
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．This
is
the
magazine
__________________________.
这就是我最喜欢的那本杂志。
2．The
girl
____________________
is
one
of
my
classmates.
正在唱歌的女孩是我的一个同学。
3．We’re
talking
about
the
piano
and
the
pianist
_______________
___________.
我们正在讨论昨晚见到的钢琴和钢琴家。
(that/which)
I
like
best
who/that
is
singing
(that)
we
saw
last
night
4．Everything
____________________
has
been
done.
应当做的事情已经做了。
5．This
afternoon
we’ll
go
to
see
the
photo
show
_____________
__________________.
今天下午我们要去看你们参观过的照片展。
6．I’ll
tell
you
_______________________________.
我要告诉你他上周告诉我的一切。
7．That
tree
___________________________
looks
very
beautiful.
那棵开着淡红色的花的树看起来很漂亮。
that
should
be
done
(that/which)
you
have
visited
all
(that)
he
told
me
last
week
whose
flowers
are
light
red
8．The
girl
______________________________________
is
Tom’s
sister.
他们正在谈论的女孩是汤姆的妹妹。
9．Can
you
lend
me
the
book
_________________________________?
你能借给我你昨天买的那本书吗？
10．Is
this
the
factory
_______________________
the
other
day?
这是你那天参观过的那家工厂吗？
(who/whom/that)
they
are
talking
about
(that/which)
you
bought
yesterday
that/which
you
visited
Ⅲ．使用定语从句简要介绍你的家人和你。
1．我父亲在本市非常著名的一家医院工作。( which/that )
2．我的母亲就在我上学的那所学校教数学。( that )
3．她喜欢看著名演员主演的电视剧。( whose )
4．我是一个热爱篮球的男孩。( who )
5．我有几个经常一起打篮球的好朋友。( whom )
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
My
father
works
in
a
hospital
which
is
very
famous
in
our
city.
My
mother
teaches
maths
in
the
school
that
I
study
in.
She
likes
watching
TV
plays
whose
leading
actors
are
famous.
I
am
a
boy
who
likes
playing
basketball.
I
have
several
good
friends
whom
I
often
play
basketball
with.(共89张PPT)
UNIT
1
UNIT
4 NATURAL
DISASTERS
Section
Ⅲ Listening
and
Talking，
Reading
for
Writing
课前自主预习
课内要点探究
随堂达标验收
夯基提能作业
课前自主预习
Ⅰ．重点单词
1．_________vi.&
vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出
→____________
n．爆发；喷出
2．__________n.
供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
→____________
n．供应商
3．___________vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
→____________n.幸存者
→____________n.幸存；残存；残存物
erupt
eruption
supply
supplier
survive
survivor
survival
4．_________n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
→____________adj.强大的；猛烈的；有势力的
5．_______vi.&
vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
6．________n.管子；管道
7．_____________n.突发事件；紧急情况
8．________adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
→__________adv.镇静地；沉着地
9．_______n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.&
vt.(formal)帮助；援助
power
powerful
tap
pipe
emergency
calm
calmly
aid
10．_______n.成套工具；成套设备
11．_________vt.&
vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞
12．_________vt.&
vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫
13．________n.海浪；波浪 vi.&
vt.挥手；招手
14．__________vt.&
vi.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
→___________n.罢工者；前锋；射手
kit
crash
sweep
wave
strike
striker
15．___________vt.&
vi.递送；传达 vt.发表
→____________n.发表；递送
16．___________n.总结；概括；概要
17．__________n.影响；结果；效果
→_____________
adj.有效的；实际的
18．__________n.长；长度
→________
adj.长的；长久的
deliver
delivery
summary
effect
effective
length
long
Ⅱ．重点短语
1．wake
______唤醒；叫醒
2．put
______搭起；张贴
3．______
the
open
air露天；在户外
4．______
hand现有(尤指帮助)；临近；在手边
5．more
________超过；多于
up
up
in
on
than
6．sweep
________消灭；彻底消除
7．stand
______达到特定水平(或数量、高度等)
8．as
many
______多达；……之多
9．pay
attention
______注意
10．carry
_______执行；实施
away
at
as
to
out
Ⅲ．重点句型
1．The
most
powerful
earthquake
in
the
past
40
years
caused
a
tsunami
that
crashed
into
coastlines
across
Asia
yesterday，___________more
than
6,500
people
in
Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and
at
least
four
other
countries.
昨天，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少四个其他国家6
500多人死亡。
killing
2．Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and
cars
were
swept
away
by
huge
waves
__________
by
the
strong
earthquake
________
reached
a
magnitude
of
9.0.
渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被这场达到9.0级的强震引发的巨浪卷走了。
3．I
_____________
breakfast
with
my
three
children
________
water
started
filling
my
home.
我正和我的三个孩子吃早饭，突然海水冲入了我家。
caused
that
was
having
when
Ⅳ．课文预读
Read
the
text
on
Page
54
and
then
choose
the
best
answers.
1．What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
passage？______
A．Something
about
the
most
powerful
tsunami
in
Asia.
B．The
cause
of
the
most
powerful
tsunami
in
Asia.
C．The
loss
of
the
most
powerful
tsunami
in
Asia.
D．How
to
rescue
ourselves
in
times
of
disaster.
A
2．What
caused
the
tsunami？______
A．The
hurricane.
B．The
typhoon.
C．The
flood.
D．The
earthquake.
3．What
is
the
magnitude
of
the
earthquake
that
happened
on
December
27,2004？______
A．7.0.
B．9.0.
C．7.5.
D．6.
D
B
4．Why
were
food
and
supplies
hard
to
deliver？______
A．Because
there
were
not
enough
food
and
supplies.
B．Because
rescue
teams
dared
not
go.
C．Because
conditions
were
hard
and
roads
were
destroyed.
D．Because
governments
didn’t
organize
rescue
teams.
C
课内要点探究
The
village
tribe
is
friendly
and
they
share
their
water
supply
with
you.
村里的部落很友善，他们会和你一起分享水源。
We
will
supply
you
with
the
crop
you
require.
我们会向你们提供所需的农作物。
重
点
单
词
1．supply
n.
供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
There
is
a
good
supply
of
books
in
the
cupboard.
橱柜里有许多书。
Now
we
supply
power
to
nine－tenths
of
the
city’s
homes.
现在我们向这个城市十分之九的家庭提供电力。
不同的“提供”，不同的介词
supply
supply
sb.with
sth./supply
sth.to
sb.
provide
provide
sb.with
sth./provide
sth.for
sb.
offer
offer
sb.sth./offer
sth.to
sb.
单句语法填空
①The
company
supplied
us
________
money
for
the
project.
②I
have
_____
good
supply
of
books
for
the
journey.
句型转换
We
should
provide
some
help
for
them.
→③We
should
_______________
some
help
______
them.
→④We
should
_________________
them
________
some
help.
→⑤We
should
_________
them
some
help.
with
a
supply/offer
to
supply/provide
with
offer
She
survived
her
husband
by
twenty
years.
她丈夫去世后她又活了二十年。
Only
two
passengers
survived
the
air
crash.
这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于难。
Many
strange
customs
have
survived
from
earlier
times.
有许多奇怪的习俗是从早年留存下来的。
2．survive
vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难渡过；比某人长寿
survive
sth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
A
survive
B
(by...)A比B活得长……
survive
on依靠……生存下来
survive
from...从……存活下来；流传下来
survivor
n．幸存者
survival
n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
单句语法填空
①The
old
lady
has
survived
all
her
sisters
and
brothers
______
ten
years.
②I
don’t
know
how
you
all
manage
to
survive
______
such
little
money.
③After
he
____________
the
earthquake,
the
old
man
became
one
of
the
few
_____________
of
the
family.(survive)
by
on
survived
survivors
The
power
of
the
governments
has
increased
greatly
over
the
past
century.
近一个世纪以来，政府的权力大大增强了。
He
turned
on
the
power
and
the
machine
worked.
他打开电源，机器就工作了。
It
was
a
storm
that
cut
off
power
to
the
whole
region.
一场暴雨切断了整个地区的电力供应。
3．power
n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
have
the
power
to
do
sth.有能力/权力做某事
beyond
one’s
power超出能力；无能为力
within/in
one’s
power在某人的控制下
come
into/to
power开始执政
in
power在任
powerful
adj.强有力的；强大的；有权的；强健的
powerless
adj.无力的；无权的；无效能的
power，strength，force
这三个名词都有“力量”的意思，但使用范围不完全相同。
power“力量”，含义最广，指政治力量或能力；
strength
指某人或某物所具有的内在力量，可指体力、力气；
force
也可指物质或精神力量。多指为做成某事而使用的力量，也可指武力。
Knowledge
is
power.
知识就是力量。
The
boy
gathered
his
strength
to
get
up.
那个男孩聚集力量站了起来。
The
release
of
hostages
could
not
be
achieved
without
the
use
of
force.
不使用武力不可能解救人质。
单句语法填空
①You’re
a
____________(power)
man—people
will
listen
to
you.
②I
have
to
admit
that
I’m
_____________(power)
to
cure
this
terrible
disease.
③Now
I’ve
got
him
______
my
power,
and
I
can
make
him
do
anything
I
want.
④They
have
been
given
special
powers
__________(deal)
with
such
a
situation.
⑤A
new
political
party
has
come
________
power.
powerful
powerless
in
to
deal
into
I
took
a
deep
breath
to
calm
myself
down.
我深吸一口气使自己平静下来。
After
the
storm,
it
became
calm
again.
暴风雨过后，天气又恢复了平静。
4．calm
adj.镇静的；平静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
calm
(...)
down
(使……)平静下来；(使……)镇定下来
keep/stay/be
calm
保持镇静
calmly
adv.平静地
calm，silent,
quiet,
still
calm
“平静的；沉着的”，指无风浪或人的心情不激动
silent
“寂静的；沉默的；不出声的”，指没有声音或不讲话
quiet
“宁静的；安静的”，指无声、不吵闹或心里无烦恼
still
“静止的；不动的”，指没有动作或运动的状态
When
facing
danger,
one
should
keep
calm;
when
taken
photos
of,
one
should
keep
still;
when
someone
else
is
asleep,
one
should
keep
quiet;
in
class,
one
shouldn’t
keep
silent
about
the
teacher’s
questions.
一个人面对危险时，应该保持镇静；照相时，应该保持不动；他人睡觉时，应保持安静；在课堂上，对老师的问题不应保持沉默。
单句语法填空
①We
tried
to
calm
him
________，but
he
kept
shouting.
②“I
can
quite
understand
that，”
he
said__________(calm)．
选词填空(calm/quiet/silent/still)
③Please
keep
_________
while
others
are
studying.
④He
couldn’t
speak
English
and
was
completely
__________
during
the
visit.
⑤He
remained
________
throughout
the
earthquake.
⑥Standing
_________
for
hours
would
be
very
difficult.
down
calmly
quiet
silent
calm
still
A
man
immediately
rushed
to
the
girl
to
give
her
first
aid
without
hesitation.
一位男士毫不犹豫地冲过去对那女孩进行急救。
I
couldn’t
speak
any
French,
but
a
nice
man
came
to
my
aid
and
told
me
how
to
go.
我不会说法语，但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。
5．aid
n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.&
vt.(formal)帮助；援助
We
may
travel
with
the
aid
of
a
good
map.
我们可以靠着好的地图旅行。
He
was
determined
to
aid
the
poor
boy
in
continuing
his
study.
他决定要帮助这个可怜的男孩继续他的学业。
Her
mother
aided
her
to
dress.
她母亲帮她穿衣服。
give
sb.first
aid对某人进行急救
perform
first
aid施行急救
come/go
to
one’s
aid帮助某人
with
the
aid
of...在……的帮助下
aid
sb.in
(doing)
sth.在(做)某事方面帮助某人
aid
sb.with
sth.以某事/帮助某人
aid
sb.to
do
sth.帮助某人做某事
单句语法填空
①________
the
aid
of
our
English
teacher,
we
have
made
great
progress
this
term.
②Tom’s
uncle
aided
him
______
getting
a
new
job.
③A
dictionary
can
aid
him
___________(learn)
English
well.
④They
aided
the
poor
________
food
and
clothes.
With
in
to
learn
with
A
truck
went
out
of
control
and
crashed
into
the
back
of
a
bus.
货车失控撞到了一辆公共汽车的尾部。
She
stormed
out
of
the
room
and
crashed
the
door
shut
behind
her.
她愤怒地冲出房间并随手把门砰的一声关上。
Six
people
were
killed
yesterday
in
the
car
crash.
昨天的车祸中6人死亡。
6．crash
vt.&
vi.碰撞；撞击；坠毁 n．撞车；碰撞
crash
(...)
into...(把……)与……相撞；撞上……
crash
down倒下；撞毁；坠毁；崩溃
car
crash撞车
plane
crash飞机失事
完成句子
①His
car
_______________
a
tree
while
he
was
driving
in
the
snowstorm.
当他在暴风雪中开车时，他的车撞到了树上。
②An
aircraft
_______________
yesterday
on
the
mountains
near
the
city.
昨天一架飞机在城市附近的山上坠毁了。
crashed
into
crashed
down
They
asked
the
little
boy
to
sweep
the
room
clean.
他们叫那个小男孩把房间打扫干净。
Heavy
floods
swept
away
houses
and
took
away
the
lives
of
many.
猛烈的洪水冲走了房屋并带走了许多人的生命。
The
poor
women
of
the
area
were
employed
to
sweep
up
after
office
hours.
该地区的贫苦妇女们被雇来每天下班后打扫卫生。
7．sweep
vt.&
vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫
sweep
away消灭；彻底消除
sweep
over涌上心头；扫视
sweep
up清扫
单句语法填空
①We
would
like
to
be
able
to
sweep
________
those
harmful
rumors
(谣言)．
②Let’s
pile
up
the
fallen
leaves
in
the
corner
and
sweep
______
the
floor.
③His
eyes
swept
________
the
fields
and
saw
a
dam
in
the
distance.
away
up
over
The
third
wave
was
so
strong
that
it
knocked
me
backwards.
第三次波浪太大了，把我打了回去。
The
mother
waved
to
her
son
till
the
bus
was
out
of
sight.
那位妈妈一直向她儿子挥手，直到看不到公共汽车为止。
They
waved
to
us
to
stay
where
we
were.
他们向我们挥手，要我们留在原地。
My
mother
was
crying
as
I
waved
goodbye
to
her.
当我挥手跟母亲说再见时，她哭了。
8．wave
n．海浪；波浪 vi.&
vt.挥手；招手
radio
waves无线电波
give
sb.a
wave向某人挥手
a
wave
of...一阵……
wave
to/at...向……招手
wave
(to)
sb.to
do
sth.挥手示意某人做某事
wave
sb.goodbye＝wave
goodbye
to
sb.向某人挥手告别
单句语法填空
①They
looked
very
happy
when
she
waved
________
them.
②_____
wave
of
happiness
flooded
me.
③I
waved
to
him
__________(keep)
away,
but
he
continued
to
advance.
④I
waved
goodbye
______
him,
but
he
ignored.
to/at
A
to
keep
to
The
workers
were
striking
/
on
strike
because
they
wanted
more
money.
工人们在罢工，因为他们要求涨工资。
When
the
clock
struck
five，the
strike
started.
当钟敲响了五点，罢工开始了。
9．strike
vt.&
vi.(struck,
struck
/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；罢工
n．罢工；罢课；袭击
It
strikes
me
that
none
of
them
trusts
each
other.
使我震惊的是他们当中没有一个人信赖对方。
Great
damage
has
been
caused
by
the
tornado
which
struck
the
area
last
week.
上周侵袭这一地区的龙卷风造成了巨大的损失。
It
strikes/struck
sb.that...(某人)突然想到……
be
struck
by...被……打动/迷住了
strike...into
one’s
heart使……刻骨铭心
strike
sb.＋介词in/on＋the＋身体部位
打某人的某处
be
on
strike在罢工
go
on
strike举行罢工
striker
n．罢工者；前锋；射手
单句语法填空
①The
coal
miners
decided
to
go
______
strike
for
better
working
conditions.
②It
struck
me
________
everyone
was
unusually
silent.
③I
was
stricken
______
his
inspiring
words.
④An
apple
fell
off
the
tree
and
struck
him
on
_______
head.
⑤Suddenly,
a
good
idea
__________(strike)
me
last
night.
on
that
by
the
struck
完成句子
⑥__________________________
you
had
known
all
the
time.
我突然想到你早就知道了。
It
suddenly
struck
me
that
Would
you
deliver
my
message
to
your
mother?
你可以帮我传口信给你母亲吗？
He
delivered
an
important
report
at
the
meeting.
他在会上做了重要报告。
10．deliver
vt.&
vi.递送；传达；助产；接生
vt.发表；生产；给……接生
deliver
sth.(to
sb.)投递/传送某物(给某人)
deliver
a
speech发表演说
deliver
a
baby接生
deliver
sb./sth.over
to
sb.把某人/物移交给某人
delivery
n．传递；
交付；递送；分娩；演讲
拒绝双宾语的deliver
deliver后不接双宾语，即不能说deliver
sb.sth.，只能说deliver
sth.to
sb.。
单句语法填空
①He
delivered
my
message
______
his
brother.
写出黑体部分的含义
②She
had
gone
to
a
neighbouring
village
to
deliver
a
baby.________
③John
was
asked
to
deliver
a
speech
at
the
meeting.________
④The
morning
mail
has
already
been
delivered.________
to
接生
发表
递送
The
rain
has
had
a
very
bad
effect
on
the
crops.
这场雨极其严重地影响了庄稼的生长。
The
new
system
will
soon
be
put
into
effect.
新系统即将启用。
11．effect
n．影响；结果；效果
The
traffic
laws
won’t
take
effect
until
the
end
of
the
year.
交通法要到年底才生效。
Do
you
know
if
the
sleeping
pill
has
its
side
effect?
你知道安眠药是否有副作用吗？
have
an/no
effect
on...对……有/没有影响
put...into
effect使……生效
come
into
effect开始生效
take
effect生效
in
effect实际上
side
effect副作用
effective
adj.有效的
单句语法填空
①The
new
law
will
come
________
effect
next
month.
②What
you
say
or
do
will
have
an
effect
______
others.
③That
sounds
rather
easy,
but
______
effect
it’s
very
difficult.
④The
clothes
are
_____________(effect)
in
keeping
cool
in
warm
weather.
into
on
in
effective
完成句子
⑤The
new
law
has
___________________________________
and
it
will
surely
______________________
the
daily
life
of
the
people.
新法律已经生效，它一定会对人们的日常生活产生很大的影响。
come
into
effect/been
put
into
effect
have
a
great
effect
on
Our
team
of
experts
will
be
on
hand
to
offer
help
and
advice
between
12
noon
and
7
p．m.
daily.
每天中午12点到下午7点，我们的专家小组将随时提供帮助和建议。
There
was
simply
no
cash
on
hand
to
meet
the
cost
of
food.
手头实在没有现金可以购买食品。
We
have
nobody
on
hand
to
repair
your
car.
我们现在没有人能修你的车。
重
点
短
语
1．on
hand现有(尤指帮助)；临近；在手边
by
hand用手；靠人工
hand
in
hand手拉手；连在一起地
on
the
one
hand...on
the
other
hand一方面……另一方面
give
sb.
a
hand帮某人一个忙
单句语法填空
①When
I
was
in
trouble
they
gave
me
_____
hand.
②Shoes
were
once
made
______
hand,
but
now
they
are
made
on
machines.
③The
little
boy
walks
hand
______
hand
with
his
mother.
④He
has
too
much
work
______
hand
to
go
picnicking
with
us.
⑤On
_______
other
hand,
students
should
correct
their
mistakes.
a
by
in
on
the
She
paid
much
attention
to
her
appearance.
她很注重外表。
Everyone
should
pay
attention
to
keeping
healthy.
每个人都应注意保持健康。
2．pay
attention
to注意
draw
one’s
attention
to...吸引某人注意……
fix
one’s
attention
to注意
concentrate
on...集中注意力于……
以上短语中的
to、on都是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。
单句语法填空
①A
great
deal
of
attention
has
been
paid
________________(protect)
the
environment.
②We
should
pay
more
attention
to
_____________(improve)
our
written
and
spoken
English.
to
protecting
improving
The
school
is
carrying
out
a
new
plan.
学校正在执行一项新的计划。
She
needed
a
clear
head
to
carry
out
her
instructions.
她需要头脑清醒才能执行自己的指令。
3．carry
out执行；实施；实现；完成
All
of
us
have
certain
duties
and
jobs
to
carry
out.
我们所有的人都要完成一定的职责和工作。
We
should
carry
out
the
decisions
and
check
up
on
the
results.
我们应执行决议并检查执行结果。
carry
off夺走
carry
on继续
carry
through把……进行到底
单句语法填空
①Some
policies
(政策)
can’t
_____________(carry)
out
because
of
some
reasons.
②The
team
hopes
to
carry
_______
that
study
this
year.
be
carried
out
重
点
句
型
1．The
most
powerful
earthquake
in
the
past
40
years
caused
a
tsunami
that
crashed
into
coastlines
across
Asia
yesterday，killing
more
than
6,500
people
in
Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and
at
least
four
other
countries.
昨天，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少四个其他国家6
500多人死亡。
(1)这是一个主从复合句。主句是The
most
powerful
earthquake
in
the
past
40
years
caused
a
tsunami；that
crashed
into
coastlines
across
Asia
yesterday是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词a
tsunami，关系代词that在定语从句中作主语；killing
more
than...four
other
countries是现在分词短语在句中作结果状语。
(2)现在分词短语作结果状语时表示自然而然的结果，它常常位于句末，可以扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。
His
father
died，leaving
him
a
lot
of
money(＝and
left
him
a
lot
of
money)．
他的爸爸去世了，留给他很多钱。
Their
car
was
caught
in
a
traffic
jam，thus
causing
the
delay(＝and
thus
it
caused
the
delay)．
他们的车困在了交通阻塞中，因而耽误了。
现在分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语应保持一致。
听到这个消息，他脸红了。
(正)Hearing
the
news，he
turned
red.
(误)Hearing
the
news，his
face
turned
red.(his
face不能发出hearing这个动作)
不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，且其前可加only表示强调。
We
hurried
to
the
station，only
to
find
that
the
train
had
left.
我们匆匆忙忙地赶去车站，结果发现火车已经走了。
单句语法填空
①He
lifted
the
rock
only
__________(drop)
it
on
his
own
feet.
②He
cut
off
the
electricity
in
time,
______________(prevent)
an
accident.
③He
did
his
homework
carelessly,
__________(make)
a
lot
of
mistakes.
④They
reached
the
company
out
of
breath
only
____________(tell)
they
were
fired.
⑤European
football
is
played
in
more
than
80
countries，__________
(make)
it
the
most
popular
sport.
to
drop
preventing
making
to
be
told
making
(1)这是一个主从复合句。主句是Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and
cars
were
swept
away
by
huge
waves；caused
by
the
strong
earthquake是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词huge
waves，相当于定语从句that/which
were
caused
by
the
strong
earthquake；that
reached
a
magnitude
of
9.0是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词earthquake，关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。
2．Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and
cars
were
swept
away
by
huge
waves
caused
by
the
strong
earthquake
that
reached
a
magnitude
of
9.0.渔民、游客、旅馆、住宅和汽车都被这场达到9.0级的强震引发的巨浪卷走了。
单句语法填空
①You
cannot
accept
an
opinion
___________(offer)
to
you
unless
it
is
based
on
facts.
②The
boy
__________(call)
Tom
is
my
brother.
③The
book，___________(write)
in
1957，tells
the
struggle
of
the
miners.
offered
called
written
句中
when
用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”，相当于
and
then
或
and
just
at
that
time。
3．I
was
having
breakfast
with
my
three
children
when
water
started
filling
my
home.
我正和我的三个孩子吃早饭，突然海水冲入了我家。
We
were
discussing
the
maths
problem
when
the
headmaster
came
in.
我们正在讨论数学问题，这时校长进来了。
The
other
day
I
was
showing
the
boys
the
weekly
chemistry
experiment
when,
before
I
knew
it,
the
mixture
was
bubbling
over
everywhere!
几天前，我正给孩子们演示每周一次的化学实验，这时，还没等我反应过来混合剂就冒得到处都是！
when
作并列连词时，通常不能位于句首；句型中的
be
通常为
was/were；when后句子中谓语动词通常用一般过去时。
She
was
cooking
when
someone
knocked
at
the
door.
她正在做饭，这时有人敲门。
I
was
about
to
start
when
it
began
to
rain.
我正要动身，这时下雨了。
They
were
on
the
point
of
leaving
when
the
power
was
cut
off.
他们正要离开，这时突然停电了。
I
had
just
finished
reading
the
novel
when
my
father
came
in.
我刚读完这本小说，这时父亲进来了。
单句语法填空
①The
girl
was
walking
along
the
beach
________
a
beautiful
bird
caught
her
eye.
②I
had
just
finished
my
work
________
she
came
in.
③I
_______________(watch)
the
football
match
when
he
came
in.
when
when
was
watching
完成句子
④He
___________________________
I
stopped
him.
他刚要说，我把他给拦住了。
⑤I
________________________________
someone
called
me
from
behind.
我正沿着街道走，忽然后面有人喊我。
was
just
about
to
speak
when
was
walking
along
the
street
when (共28张PPT)
UNIT
4
NATURAL
DISASTERS
Sectiom
Ⅳ 写作指导
写作方法指导
夯基提能作业
写作方法指导
写作储备
阅读教材P55
Summary，提炼概要写作的写作方法。
Ⅰ．文体特点
概要写作具备说明重点和简短这两个特点。要求考生能够抓住原文的关键信息，抓住文章的主旨大意，并用简短凝练的语言将其概括表达出来。
概要写作
Ⅱ．写作四部曲
1．确定体裁，明确主题及结构
体裁
结构
记叙文
人物＋时间＋地点＋事件(起因＋发展＋结果)
说明文
事物的性质功能：对象＋性质功能＋利好
问题的解决方法或措施：问题＋解决方法
现象类：现象＋原因＋结果
议论文
主题＋补充论据＋(结论)
2．确定主题句，找关键信息
划出每一段的主题句，抓住关键信息，忽略次要信息。
3．改写关键信息，得出要点
使用意义相同或相近的单词、短语或句式，或使用不同的句子结构表达同一意思，如改变语态、肯定变否定等，避免抄袭原文句子。
4．添加连接词，使行文连贯
要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词去连贯全文。常用的关联词有：however，besides，in
addition，therefore，instead等。
典例剖析
(2018·11月浙江高考)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It’s
a
really
good
idea
to
visit
colleges
before
you
apply
because
their
websites
can
all
start
to
look
and
sound
the
same.Nothing
will
give
you
the
sense
of
what
it
will
actually
be
like
to
live
on
a
college
campus
(校园)
like
visiting
and
seeing
for
yourself
the
dorms,
classrooms
and
athletic
equipment
and,
of
course,
the
students.
It
seems
a
little
crazy
once
senior
year
hits
to
find
the
time
to
visit
college
campuses,
and
it
can
also
be
pricey
if
the
schools
you
are
applying
to
happen
to
be
more
than
a
car
ride
away.But
keep
in
mind
that
you
are
making
a
decision
about
the
next
four
years
of
your
life,
and
do
all
the
research
you
can
to
make
sure
you
are
making
the
right
one.
There’s
no
excuse
not
to
visit
the
schools
in
your
local
area.In
fact,
a
lot
of
college
applications
even
ask
if
you
have
visited
campus,
and
obviously,
if
you
live
across
the
country
that
won’t
be
as
much
of
a
possibility,
but
if
you
live
nearby,
go
check
it
out!
If
campus
visits
aren’t
going
to
happen
before
you
apply,
at
the
very
least
you
should
find
some
time
between
applying
and
getting
your
acceptance
letters
to
visit
the
schools
you’d
like
to
attend.It
can
save
you
a
lot
of
heartache
if
you
rule
out
now
the
things
that
you
don’t
like
about
certain
campuses,
things
that
you
wouldn’t
know
unless
you
actually
visit.
Now,
if
time
and
money
are
making
it
impossible,
then
check
out
the
online
college
fairs
at
CollegeWeekLive.It’s
a
chance
to
chat
online
with
admissions
officers,
students,
and
college
counselors
(顾问)，and
it
won’t
cost
you
a
penny!
You
can
register
for
its
online
college
fair
at
CollegeWeekLive.
com.
While
visiting
an
online
college
fair
can’t
take
the
place
of
an
actual
campus
visit，it
can
be
a
very
useful
tool
that
along
with
all
your
other
research
will
help
you
make
an
informed
decision
about
which
colleges
or
universities
you’d
like
to
attend.
审题谋篇
Ⅰ．定框架
→好的开始，成功的一半
体裁
议论文
主题
探访申请大学
框架
主题＋补充论据1、2、3
Ⅱ．划主题句，找关键信息
→打造一篇要点全面、用词准确的极优作文
Para
1.
主题句：___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
关键信息：_________________________________________________
Para
2.
主题句：___________________________________________________
关键信息：__________________________________
It’s
a
really
good
idea
to
visit
colleges
before
you
apply
because
their
websites
can
all
start
to
look
and
sound
the
same.
a
really
good
idea
to
visit
colleges
before
you
apply
There’s
no
excuse
not
to
visit
the
schools
in
your
local
area.
visit
the
schools
in
your
local
area.
Para
3.
主题句：__________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
关键信息：_________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
If
campus
visits
aren’t
going
to
happen
before
you
apply,
at
the
very
least
you
should
find
some
time
between
applying
and
getting
your
acceptance
letters
to
visit
the
schools
you’d
like
to
attend.
at
the
very
least
you
should
find
some
time
between
applying
and
getting
your
acceptance
letters
to
visit
the
schools
you’d
like
to
attend.
Para
4.
主题句：_________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
关键信息：__________________________________
Now,
if
time
and
money
are
making
it
impossible,
then
check
out
the
online
college
fairs
at
CollegeWeekLive.
check
out
the
online
college
fairs
Ⅲ．词汇、句式升级
→创造极优作文的倩词靓句
Para
1.
1．写出下列词语的同义词
①good
idea
→_______________
②visit→_______________
2．改写关键信息：
_________________________________________________________________________________
worthwhile
pay
a
visit
to
It’s
really
worthwhile
to
pay
a
visit
to
your
desired
colleges
personally
before
applying.
Para
2.
1．将后置定语改为前置定语
the
schools
in
your
local
area
→_____________colleges
2．改写关键信息：
________________________________________________
your
local
Undoubtedly,
you
should
visit
your
local
colleges.
Para
3.
1．写出下列词语的同义表达
①at
the
very
least→____________
②would
like
to
attend→____________
2．改写关键信息：
_________________________________________________
at
least
want
to
go
At
least,
you
should
visit
the
school
you
want
to
go
to.
Para
4.
1．同义转换
①if
time
and
money
are
making
it
impossible...
→if
you
______________
time
and
money
②check
out
the
online
college
fairs
→_________
the
online
college
fairs
2．改写关键信息：
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
are
short
of
visit
If
you
are
short
of
time
and
money,
visiting
the
online
college
fairs
is
a
good
alternative
to
help
you
better
understand
schools.
Ⅳ．添加连接词，组建极优作文→水到渠成的成就感：动力的源泉
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
It’s
really
worthwhile
to
pay
a
visit
to
your
desired
colleges
personally
before
applying.
Undoubtedly,
you
should
visit
your
local
colleges.
At
least,
you
should
visit
the
school
you
want
to
go
to
and
know
its
real
conditions
in
advance.
If
you
are
short
of
time
and
money,
visiting
the
online
college
fairs
is
a
good
alternative
to
help
you
better
understand
schools.
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We
shouldn’t
judge
a
person
by
his
appearance
but
we
do.
In
fact,
the
experts
say
that
when
we
meet
someone
for
the
first
time
we
make
a
decision
about
what
that
person
is
like
in
three
seconds.But
what
do
we
look
at?
One
of
the
most
important
things
is
clothes,
but
it
isn’t
the
brand
of
clothes
that
people
wear
that
is
important.
The
important
thing
is
to
wear
the
right
clothes
for
the
occasion.
Schools
have
always
understood
this
and
a
lot
of
them
ask
their
students
to
wear
a
uniform.Why?
A
lot
of
teachers
think
a
uniform
makes
students
feel
that
they
are
part
of
their
school
and
that
their
uniform
helps
them
to
be
serious
about
their
studies.Teachers
say
that
uniforms
can
help
in
other
ways
too.
If
all
the
students
wear
uniforms,
they
can’t
judge
each
other
because
of
their
clothes.It
also
avoids
arguments
about
who
or
what
is
fashionable.
However,
it
is
not
only
schools
that
want
people
to
dress
in
a
certain
way.
We
all
have
fixed
ideas
about
what
the
people
in
a
certain
profession
should
wear.If
we
visit
a
doctor,
we
expect
to
see
respectable
clothes
under
the
doctor’s
white
coat.When
we
go
into
a
bank
we
expect
the
staff
to
wear
suits
or
dresses.
Police
officers
wear
uniforms
to
deter
crime
by
establishing
a
visible
presence
while
on
patrol,
to
make
themselves
easily
identifiable
to
non－police
officers
or
their
colleagues
who
require
assistance,
and
to
quickly
identify
each
other
at
crime
scenes
for
ease
of
coordination.In
fact,
a
lot
of
companies
have
dress
codes
for
their
staff
because
they
know
that
the
customers
expect
to
see
them
dressed
in
certain
types
of
clothes.
But
can
our
clothes
really
tell
people
what
we
are
like?
Maybe
not,
but
they
can
show
our
attitude
to
what
we
are
doing
at
the
moment.When
people
see
us
in
the
right
clothes,
they
think
we
are
serious
about
what
we
are
doing.Furthermore,
if
we
are
clean,
smart
and
polite,
people
will
have
confidence
in
us.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Wearing
proper
clothes
is
important
for
first
impressions.
(要点1)
For
example,
schools
ask
students
to
wear
a
uniform
because
it
benefits
them
in
various
ways,
such
as
being
serious
about
their
study.
(要点2)
Besides
schools,
other
places,
like
hospitals,
banks,
police
stations
and
some
companies
also
want
their
staff
to
dress
in
uniforms
because
of
convenience.
(要点3)
In
conclusion,
our
clothes
can
show
our
attitude
and
win
trust
from
others.
(要点4)(67
words)(共10张PPT)
UNIT
4
NATURAL
DISASTERS
单元核心素养
单元话题导读
单元核心素养
单元话题导读
5·12汶川地震，发生于2008年5月12日(星期一)14时28分04秒，根据中华人民共和国地震局的数据，此次震级达8.0级，地震波及大半个中国及亚洲多个国家和地区。
截至2008年9月18日12时，5·12汶川地震共造成69227人死亡，374643人受伤，17923人失踪，是中华人民共和国成立以来破坏力最大的地震，也是唐山大地震后伤亡最严重的一次地震。
A
powerful
earthquake
in
China
is
feared
to
have
killed
thousands
of
people
in
the
southwestern
province
of
Sichuan.The
official
news
agency
Xinhua
says
nearly
ten
thousand
people
may
have
died,
with
many
more
buried
and
injured.In
one
county,
most
of
the
buildings
are
reported
to
have
collapsed
(倒塌)．Michael
Bristow
sent
this
report
from
western
China.
BBC
News
about
Wenchuan
Earthquake
“This
is
the
biggest
earthquake
to
hit
China
in
more
than
30
years.
Thousands
are
already
confirmed
(证实)
dead.Chinese
state
media
are
reporting
that
900
middle
school
children
were
buried
when
their
school
collapsed.At
least
50
are
known
to
have
died.80%
of
the
buildings
in
one
county
alone
have
collapsed,
and
up
to
5000
people
there
are
feared
dead.The
earthquake
struck
just
before
2∶30
this
afternoon.The
epicenter
(震中)
was
in
the
mountainous
Wenchuan
County
in
Sichuan
province.”
And
today
marks
the
11th
anniversary
of
the
terrible
earthquake
that
struck
Wenchuan
County
in
southwest
China’s
Sichuan
province.The
earthquake
was
the
strongest
to
hit
China
since
1950.At
least
87,000
people
were
killed
or
declared
missing
in
the
disaster.The
earthquake
left
more
people
homeless
than
any
other
tremor
(微震)
in
recorded
history.At
least
4,800,000
people
required
shelter
after
their
homes
were
destroyed.However,
the
impact
(影响)
of
the
Sichuan
quake
was
not
only
felt
through
the
death
toll
(伤亡人数)—it
also
resulted
in
significant
economic
loss.But
Wenchuan
has
begun
huge
reconstruction
since
2008.It
is
estimated
(估算)about
885
billion
RMB,
or
137
billion
US
dollars
have
been
spent
on
rebuilding
the
affected
area.
