(共16张PPT)
第二部分 基础语法突破
时态种类
主动形式
被动形式
一般现在时
do/does
is/am/are
done
一般过去时
did
was/were
done
一般将来时
will/shall
do
will/shall
be
done
过去将来时
would
do
would
be
done
现在进行时
is/am/are
doing
is/am/are
being
done
过去进行时
was/were
doing
was/were
being
done
现在完成时
has/have
done
has/have
been
done
过去完成时
had
done
had
been
done
现在完成进行时
has/have
been
doing
has/have
been
being
done
将来进行时
will
be
doing
will
be
being
done
考点清单
KAODIAN
QINGDANⅠ.用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1．Hurry
up！Mark
and
Carol________(expect)us.
解析：考查时态。根据句意“快点！Mark
和Carol在等着我们”可知空格处用正在进行时，故填are
expecting。
答案：are
expecting
2．Jim________(watch)
a
late
night
film
at
home
when，right
in
the
middle
of
a
thrilling
scene，the
television
went
blank.
解析：考查时态。本句考查“be
doing
sth
when……结构”，句意：吉姆正在家看一部深夜电影，就在一场惊险的场面中，突然电视一片空白。故填was
watching。
答案：was
watching
3．—I
don't
understand
why
you
didn't
go
to
the
lecture
yesterday
afternoon.
—I'm
sorry.But
I________(do)my
home
work.
解析：考查时态。根据句意“我不明白你昨天下午为什么没有去听讲座”。“对不起，当时我在做家庭作业”可知空格处用过去进行时，故填was
doing。
答案：was
doing
4．This
was
the
first
time
I____________(experience)
sandstorms
and
I
don't
ever
want
to
be
in
one
again.
解析：考查时态。本句考查“this/that/it
was
the＋序数词＋that
sb.had
done”句式，意思为“某人第几次做某事”，故填had
experienced。句意为：这是我第一次经历沙尘暴，我再也不想经历第二次。
答案：had
experienced
5．Doctors
and
scientists__________(learn)
a
great
deal
about
sleep
in
the
last
thirty
years.
解析：考查时态。时间状语“in
the
last
thirty
years”要与现在完成时连用，故填have
learned。句意：在过去的三十年里，医生和科学家们学到了很多关于睡眠的知识。
答案：have
learned
6．—Tony，why
are
your
eyes
red?
—I________(cut)
up
peppers
for
the
last
five
minutes.
解析：考查时态。
for
the
last
five
minutes与延续性动词连用；又根据句意“托尼，你的眼睛怎么变红了？我在过去的五分钟里一直在剪辣椒。”可知空格处要用现在完成进行时，故填have
been
cutting。
答案：have
been
cutting
7．When
Alice
came
to
life，she
did
not
know
how
long
she______
(lie)
there.
解析：考查时态。根据句意“当爱丽丝醒来的时候，她不知道自己在那里躺多久了。”可知“躺”这个动作从过去延续到现在，刚刚结束，符合现在完成进行时的定义，故填has
been
lying。
答案：has
been
lying
8．This
medicine__________(taste)
terrible.I
hate
it.
解析：考查时态。根据句意“这药很难吃，我不喜欢”可知本句描述的是事物的客观特点，需用一般现在时，故填tastes。
答案：tastes
9．As
a
foreigner，I____________(absorb)
and
charmed
by
the
genuine
warmth
of
welcome
and
unique
culture
during
the
trip.
解析：考查时态和语态。根据句意“作为一个外国人，我被旅途中真正温暖的欢迎和独特的文化深深地吸引。”可知空格处应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was
absorbed。
答案：was
absorbed
10．John，as
well
as
the
other
children
who
have
no
parents
________(take)
good
care
of
in
the
city
now.
解析：考查时态和语态。空格处是谓语动词，单数形式与John保持一致；又根据句意“约翰和其他没有父母的孩子现在正在城里被很好地照顾着。”可知用现在进行时的被动语态，故填is
being
taken。
答案：is
being
taken
11．A
newborn
baby
would__________(dress)
in
a
gown
for
his
first
year
or
two.Then
he
was
breeched(穿裤礼)
and
wore
articles
of
clothing
like
shorts.The
usual
custom
is
that
a
boy
graduates
to
trousers
around
eight
years
old.
解析：考查语态。根据句意“刚出生的婴儿会在头一两年穿长袍。然后他进行‘穿裤礼’并穿着短裤之类的衣服。通常的习惯是，一个男孩在八岁时就可以完全穿裤子了。”可知空格处用被动语态，故填be
dressed。
答案：be
dressed
12．Last
month
I
went
to
the
UK
for
a
holiday，I
first__________
(stay)
in
London
for
a
week
then
I
went
to
Edinburgh
and
other
cities.
解析：考查时态。本句中两个“went”和“stay”都是发生在“Last
month”的动作，都用一般过去式。故填stayed。句意：上个月我去英国度假，我先在伦敦待了一个星期，然后去了爱丁堡和其他城市。
答案：stayed
13．Where
have
you
been?
We
__________(look
)for
you
everywhere.
解析：考查时态。根据句意“你去哪儿了？我们一直在找你”可知“look
for”是说话之前刚刚结束的动作，符合现在完成进行时“表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。”的定义，故填have
been
looking。
答案：have
been
looking
14．This
is
the
only
one
of
the
oldest
customs
that________(keep)
up
in
this
district
up
to
now.
解析：考查时态和语态。时间状语“up
to
now”要与现在完成时连用，又根据句意“到目前为止，这是这个地区唯一的被保存到现在的最古老的习俗之一。”可知空格处应该用被动语态，故填has
been
kept。
答案：has
been
kept
15．Bob
called
to
tell
his
mother
that
he
couldn't
enter
the
house，for
he__________(leave)
his
key
at
school.
解析：考查时态。根据句意“鲍勃打电话告诉妈妈，他不能进家了，因为他把他的钥匙落在学校了。”可知“leave”发生在“called”之前，故用过去完成时，填had
left。
答案：had
left
16．By
the
time
you
have
finished
reading
this
book，your
meal________(get)
cold.
解析：考查时态。本句是含有时间状语从句的主从复合句，需遵循“主将从现”原则，故填will
get。句意：等你读完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
答案：will
get
17．You'd
better
not
telephone
me
between
9
and
11
a．m.tomorrow
unless
you
have
something
emergent.I
__________
(hold)
an
important
interview
with
Mr.Smith
then.
解析：考查时态。根据句意“你最好不要在上午9点到11点给我打电话。除非你有紧急情况。那时我正在对史密斯先生进行一次重要的采访。”可知应该用将来进行式，故填will
be
holding。
答案：will
be
holding
18．Motorists
________(require)
to
switch
off
their
mobile
phones
while
driving
nowadays.
解析：考查时态和语态。时间状语“nowadays”与一般现在时连用，又根据句意“现在开车的人都被要求在开车时关掉手机。”可知空格处还要用被动语态，故填are
required。
答案：are
required
19．The
water
supply
has
been
cut
off
temporarily
because
the
workers________(repair)
one
of
the
main
pipes.
解析：考查时态。根据句意“供水被暂时切断，因为工人正在维修其中一个主管道。”可知空格处填正在进行时are
repairing。
答案：are
repairing
20．It
is
reported
that
a
space
station__________(build)
on
the
moon
in
years
to
come.
解析：考查时态和语态。根据句意“据报道，未来几年一个空间站将在月球上被建造。”可知空格处用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will
be
built。
答案：will
be
built
21．When
I
first
met
Bryan，I
didn't
like
him,
but
I
________
(change)
my
mind.
解析：根据前句话可知，谈论的是过去的事情。met，didn't
like,
but为关键词，也就是过去不喜欢但现在已经改变主意了，故用现在完成时。
答案：have
changed
22．To
our
great
relief,
Jack's
illness
proved
not
to
be
as
serious
as
we
________
(fear)．
解析：句意：让我们大为欣慰的是，杰克的病证实没有我们想得那么严重。fear的动作发生在proved之前，故应用过去完成时。
答案：had
feared
23．—Do
you
know
if
Terry
will
go
camping
this
weekend?
—Terry?
Never!
He
________
(hate)
tents
and
fresh
air!
解析：由语境可知，此处表示特丽的一种好恶，故用一般现在时。
答案：hates
24．The
girl
has
a
great
interest
in
sport
and
________
(take)
badminton
classes
twice
a
week
over
the
last
three
years.
解析：句意：这个女孩对体育很感兴趣，在过去三年里，她每周上两次羽毛球课。根据时间状语over
the
last
three
years可知，应使用现在完成进行时。
答案：has
been
taking
25．We
are
confident
that
the
environment
________
(improve)
by
our
further
efforts
to
reduce
pollution.
解析：句意：我们相信，通过我们进一步减少污染的努力，环境会有所改善。题干中的are表明语境是现在时，空格处的动作是将来发生的，且environment与improve之间为被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。
答案：will
be
improved
26．The
boss
along
with
all
the
employees
________
(encourage)
to
use
e?mails
within
the
company
to
reduce
the
use
of
paper.
解析：句意：公司鼓励老板和所有的员工在公司都用电子邮件，以减少纸的使用。当主语后跟along
with时，谓语动词的单复数与最前面的主语保持一致，故此处谓语动词用单数。此处是一般性的叙述，故用一般现在时；而The
boss
along
with
all
the
employees
与encourage之间是动宾关系，所以应该用一般现在时的被动语态。
答案：is
encouraged
27．—Linda,
the
phone
in
your
office
can't
be
connected
all
the
time.Why?
—Oh,
sorry,
Miss
Miles.The
service
________
(stop)
since
last
Wednesday.
解析：句意：——琳达，你办公室的电话一直打不通，怎么回事？——哦，不好意思，麦尔斯小姐。自上个星期三开始，办公室的电话服务就停了。根据since的提示可知，句子应用现在完成时，且service和stop之间构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。
答案：has
been
stopped
28．If
we
________
(act)
now
to
protect
the
environment,
we
will
live
to
regret
it.
解析：句意：如果我们现在不行动起来保护环境，我们将会后悔的。主句用一般将来时，条件从句应用一般现在时，表将来，故填don't
act。
答案：don't
act
29．She
is
looking
forward
to
her
daughter's
birthday
party
and
________
(prepare)
for
months.
解析：句意：她很期待她女儿的生日派对，已经准备几个月了。此处用现在完成进行时(have/has
been
doing
sth.)，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并且还有可能继续下去。
答案：has
been
preparing
30．I'm
calling
about
the
apartment
you
________
(advertise)
the
other
day.Could
you
tell
me
more
about
it?
解析：句意：我打电话想问问你前些日子登广告的公寓。你能详细地给我说说吗？从时间状语the
other
day可知，定语从句中用一般过去时。
答案：advertised
Ⅱ.语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dad
quit
drinking
exactly
one
year
before
I
was
born.
He
joined
a
group
of
other
people.
He
said
they
1.________
(stop)
drinking,
too.
I
loved
my
dad
2.________
I
hated
the
way
his
weekly
meetings
took
him
away
from
me.
It
seemed
that
they
were
more
important
to
him
than
I
was.
But
with
my
birthday
coming
up
I
thought
Dad
3.________
(make)
an
exception.
I
begged
him
not
to
miss
it
but
4.________
(refuse).
He
said,
“I
am
chairing
the
meeting
this
Saturday.
We
5.________
(have)
your
party
on
Sunday.
Why
not
come
with
me
together
tonight?
It's
an
open
meeting.
All
6.________
(be)
welcome.”
I
agreed.
Maybe
I
needed
to
see
why
something
Dad
did
every
week
mattered
so
much.
After
we
arrived,
Dad
announced
7.________
theme
of
the
meeting
was
going
to
be
gratitude.
He
told
his
story
about
giving
up
smoking.
8.________
(late),
a
man
called
Dave
also
told
his
story.
Only
then
did
I
know
it
was
Dad
that
saved
his
life
9.________
drinking.
Showing
up
week
after
week
and
meeting
with
people,
Dad
10.________
(change)
lives.
Shame
washed
over
me.
答案：1.had
stopped 2.but 3.would
make
4．was
refused 5.will
have 6.are
7．the 8.Later 9.from 10.was
changing
Ⅲ.改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)
1．It's
not
the
people
you
came
across
in
your
daily
life
who
will
stand
by
you
in
time
of
need.
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查时态。根据句意“不是你在日常生活中遇到的人会在你需要的时候支持你。”可知“you
came
across”该用一般现在时，故把came改为come。
答案：came改为come
2．When
I
get
home，I
said
to
my
parents，“Everything
was
great
about
the
camping.I
want
to
be
a
teacher
like
Anna
in
the
future.”
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查时态。本句是一个主从复合句，根据主句“I
said
to
my
parents”时态是一般过去时可知从句该用过去的某种时态，故把get改为got。
答案：get改为got
3．It
has
been
a
long
time
since
we
meet
in
China
last
time.
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查时态。last
time是要与一般过去时连用的时间状语，故把meet改为met。
答案：meet改为met
4．Tired
of
sleeping
on
the
floor，a
young
man
in
Teheran
bought
a
real
bed.It
was
the
first
time
that
he
have
become
the
proud
owner
of
a
bed.
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查时态。He是第三人称单数又由“bought”“was”，可知把have改为had。句意：德黑兰的一个年轻人厌倦了睡在地板上，买了一张真正的床，这是他第一次成为一张床的骄傲主人。
答案：have改为had
5．This
morning，I
got
an
e?mail
from
the
library.It
said
the
book
I
reserved
was
ready
to
be
picking
up.
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查语态。根据句意“今天早上，我从图书馆收到一封电子邮件。上面说我预订的那本书已经准备好了。”可知“pick
up”该用被动语态，故把picking改为picked。
答案：picking改为picked
6．The
man
was
fired
because
he
promised
to
be
punctual
but
was
late
again
this
morning.
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查时态。根据句意“那个人被解雇了，因为他答应准时，但今天早上又迟到了。”可知“promised”发生在“was
late”之前，是过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，故把promised改为had
promised。
答案：promised改为had
promised
7．I'm
afraid
by
the
time
you
arrive
this
afternoon
I
will
be
have
a
lesson
then.
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查时态。根据句意“恐怕你今天下午到的时候我正在上课。”可知该把have改为having，构成将来进行时。
答案：have改为having
8．To
my
delight，I
was
choosing
from
hundreds
applicants
to
attend
the
opening
ceremony.
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查语态。根据句意“令我高兴的是，我从数百名申请人中被挑选出来参加开幕式。”可知本句该用被动语态，故把choosing改为chosen。
答案：choosing改为chosen
9．He
would
ask
who
we
are
and
pretend
not
to
know
us.
_______________________________________________________
解析：考查时态。本句是主从复合句，主句过去将来时，从句应该是过去时，是故把are改为were。
答案：are改为were
10．By
the
time
he
realizes
he
walked
into
a
trap,
it'll
be
too
late
for
him
to
do
anything
about
it.
_______________________________________________________
解析：句意：在他意识到自己已经走进圈套时，一切都太晚了。walk的动作发生在过去某个时间，并且持续到realize时，故用现在完成时。
答案：walked前加has
11．Ashley
still
remembers
the
excitement
when
she
is
chosen
for
a
trip
to
Canada.
_______________________________________________________
解析：句意：艾希莉还记得她被选中去加拿大旅行的时候她的那股兴奋劲儿。这里when引导的时间状语从句叙述的是过去的事，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。
答案：is→was
12．Neither
the
old
lady
nor
her
cats
stepped
out
of
the
house
since
her
husband
passed
away
last
month.
_______________________________________________________
解析：句意：自从上个月那个老妇人的丈夫去世后，她和她的猫就没有出过屋子。根据就近原则，本句谓语动词应与her
cats保持一致，用复数形式。由后面的since从句可知，主句应用现在完成时。
答案：stepped前加have
13．Sometimes,
we
talked
to
each
other
very
well
in
class,
but
after
class
we
become
strangers
immediately.
_______________________________________________________
解析：由sometimes及后面的become可知，全句应用一般现在时。
答案：talked→talk
14．Whether
the
football
games
might
put
off
depends
on
the
weather.
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解析：主语football
games与谓语put
off之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，put前有情态动词might，故用be
put。
答案：put前加be
15．When
I
was
at
college
I
spoke
three
foreign
languages,
but
I
had
forgotten
all
except
a
few
words
of
each.
_______________________________________________________
解析：后半句是指到现在每门外语除了几个单词之外，别的几乎全忘了。故应用现在完成时。
答案：had→have
