专题13
动词和动词短语
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷）There
will
still
be
lots
of
challenges
if
we
are
to
_____
garbage
in
a
short
time.
A.
clarify
B.
justify
C.
satisfy
D.
classify
2.
（2020·江苏卷）The
speed
of
6G
will
exceed
125
GB/s,
______
a
new
generation
of
virtual
reality.
A.
allowing
for
B.
accounting
for
C.
calling
for
D.
compensating
for
3．（2020·天津卷）I
never
worried
about
my
son
while
I
was
away
because
my
mother
______
him.
A．drank
a
toast
to
B．played
a
joke
on
C．kept
an
eye
on
D．made
an
apology
to
4．（2020·天津卷）We
offered
to
give
Sharon
a
ride
home,
but
she
______,
saying
that
she
felt
like
walking.
A．understood
B．accepted
C．compromised
D．declined
5．（2020·天津卷）We
can’t
______
buying
a
new
printer
for
our
company.
The
one
we
have
doesn’t
work.
A．take
up
B．carry
out
C．keep
on
D．put
off
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】A
city
is
the
product
of
the
human
hand
and
mind,
__________
man's
intelligence
and
creativity.
A.
resembling
B.
reflecting
C.
reviewing
D.
restoring
2.【2019·天津卷】Kate
heard
a
man's
voice
in
the
background,
but
she
couldn't
___________
what
he
was
saying.
A.
set
aside
B.
take
back
C.
make
out
D.
keep
off
【2018年】
1.【2018·天津】It
took
him
a
long
time
to___________
the
skills
he
needed
to
become
a
good
dancer.
A.
display
B.
acquire
C.
teach
D.
test2.【2018·天津】At
first
Robert
wouldn't
let
his
daughter
go
diving,
but
eventually
he___________
as
she
was
so
confidence
about
her
skills.
A.
gave
in
B.
dressed
up
C.
broke
in
D.
turned
up3.【2018·江苏】Developing?the?Yangtze?River?Economic?Belt?is?a?systematic?project?which?_______
a
clear
road
map
and
timetable.
A.
calls?for
B.
calls?on
C.
calls?off
D.
calls?up4.【2018·江苏】Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______
the?things?they
see.
A.
indicate
B.
investigate
C.
imitate
D.
innovate【2017年】
1.
【2017·天津卷】Mr.
and
Mrs.
Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
_____,
get
married,
and
have
kids.
A.
settled
down
B.
keep
off
C.
get
up
D.
cut
in
2.【2017·江苏卷】A
quick
review
of
successes
and
failures
at
the
end
of
year
will
help
_______
your
year
ahead.
A.
shape
B.
switch
C.
stretch
D.
sharpen
3.【2017·
江苏】Working
with
the
medical
team
in
Africa
has
_______
the
best
in
her
as
a
doctor.
A.
held
out
B.
brought
out
C.
picked
out
D.
given
out
【2016年】
1.【2016·江苏】He
did
not
easily,
but
was
willing
to
accept
any
constructive
advice
for
a
worthy
cause.
A.
approach
B.
wrestle
C.
compromise
D.
communicate
2.【2016·江苏】Many
businesses
started
up
by
college
students
have________thanks
to
the
comfortable
climate
for
business
creation.
A.
fallen
off
B.
taken
off
C.
turned
off
D.
left
off
3.【2016·江苏】Parents
should
actively
urge
their
children
to______the
opportunity
to
join
sports
teams.
A.
gain
admission
to
B.
keep
track
of
C.
take
advantage
of
D.
give
rise
to
4.【2016·天津】Mary
was
silent
during
the
early
part
of
the
discussion
but
finally
she
____
her
opinion
on
the
subject.
A.
gave
voice
to
B.
kept
an
eye
on
C.
turned
a
deaf
ear
of
D.
set
foot
on
5.【2016·天津】I’m
going
to
_____
advantage
of
this
tour
to
explore
the
history
of
the
castle.
A.
put
B.
make
C.
take
D.
give
6.【2016·天津】I
hate
it
when
she
calls
me
at
work—I’m
always
too
busy
to
_____
a
conversation
with
her.
A.
carry
on
B.
break
into
C.
turn
down
D.
cut
off
7.【2016·浙江】We
can
achieve
a
lot
when
we
learn
to
let
our
differences
unite
,
rather
than
_______
us.
A.
divide
B.
reject
C.
control
D.
abandon
8.【2016·浙江】When
their
children
lived
far
away
from
them
,
these
old
people
felt
______from
the
world.
A.
carried
away
B.
broken
down
C.
cut
off
D.
brought
up
9.【2016·浙江】When
the
time
came
to
make
the
final
decision
for
a
course
,
I
decided
to
apply
for
the
one
that
______my
interest.
A.
limited
B.
reserved
C.
reflected
D.
spoiled专题13
动词和动词短语
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷）There
will
still
be
lots
of
challenges
if
we
are
to
_____
garbage
in
a
short
time.
A.
clarify
B.
justify
C.
satisfy
D.
classify
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A.
clarify澄清；B.
justify证明；C.
satisfy
满足；D.
classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。
2.
（2020·江苏卷）The
speed
of
6G
will
exceed
125
GB/s,
______
a
new
generation
of
virtual
reality.
A.
allowing
for
B.
accounting
for
C.
calling
for
D.
compensating
for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G的速度将超过125
GB/s，使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A.
allowing
for使……成为可能，促进……的发生；B.
accounting
for解释；C.
calling
for需要，要求；呼吁；D.
compensating
for补偿。根据空前The
speed
of
6G
will
exceed
125
GB/s可知，125
GB/s
的6G速度将使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。
3．（2020·天津卷）I
never
worried
about
my
son
while
I
was
away
because
my
mother
______
him.
A．drank
a
toast
to
B．played
a
joke
on
C．kept
an
eye
on
D．made
an
apology
to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A.
drank
a
toast
to为……干杯；B.
played
a
joke
on开……的玩笑；C.
kept
an
eye
on照看，留意，密切注视；D.
made
an
apology
to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。
4．（2020·天津卷）We
offered
to
give
Sharon
a
ride
home,
but
she
______,
saying
that
she
felt
like
walking.
A．understood
B．accepted
C．compromised
D．declined
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A.
understood
理解；B.
accepted接受；C.
compromised妥协；D.
declined谢绝。根据“saying
that
she
felt
like
walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
5．（2020·天津卷）We
can’t
______
buying
a
new
printer
for
our
company.
The
one
we
have
doesn’t
work.
A．take
up
B．carry
out
C．keep
on
D．put
off
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A.
take
up占据；B.
carry
out实施；C.
keep
on
继续；D.
put
off推迟。根据“the
one
we
have
doesn’t
work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】A
city
is
the
product
of
the
human
hand
and
mind,
__________
man's
intelligence
and
creativity.
A.
resembling
B.
reflecting
C.
reviewing
D.
restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像；reflecting反映；reviewing回顾；restoring恢复，根据题意，故选B。
2.【2019·天津卷】Kate
heard
a
man's
voice
in
the
background,
but
she
couldn't
___________
what
he
was
saying.
A.
set
aside
B.
take
back
C.
make
out
D.
keep
off
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：
凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。set
aside“存储，留出”；
take
back“收回，拿回”；make
out“辨认出，理解，了解”；
keep
off“（使）避开”。故选C。
【2018年】
1.【2018·天津】It
took
him
a
long
time
to___________
the
skills
he
needed
to
become
a
good
dancer.
A.
display
B.
acquire
C.
teach
D.
test
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A
display显示；B.
acquire获得；C.
teach教；D.
test测试。故选B。
2.【2018·天津】At
first
Robert
wouldn't
let
his
daughter
go
diving,
but
eventually
he___________
as
she
was
so
confidence
about
her
skills.
A.
gave
in
B.
dressed
up
C.
broke
in
D.
turned
up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：起初，罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A.
gave
in屈服，让步；B.
dressed
up打扮；C.
broke
in闯入；打断；D.
turned
up出现。根据转折词but及原因as
she
was
so
confident
about
her
skills.可知，最终他让步了。故选A。
3.【2018·江苏】Developing?the?Yangtze?River?Economic?Belt?is?a?systematic?project?which?_______
a
clear
road
map
and
timetable.
A.
calls?for
B.
calls?on
C.
calls?off
D.
calls?up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A.
calls
for需要；B.
calls
on号召；C.
calls
off取消；D.
calls
up使想起。故选A。
4.【2018·江苏】Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______
the?things?they
see.
A.
indicate
B.
investigate
C.
imitate
D.
innovate
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A.
indicate指示；B.
investigate调查；C.
imitate模仿；D.
innovate改革。故选C。
【2017年】
1.
【2017·天津卷】Mr.
and
Mrs.
Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
_____,
get
married,
and
have
kids.
A.
settled
down
B.
keep
off
C.
get
up
D.
cut
in
【答案】A
【解析】句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A.
安顿下来；B.
远离；C.起床；D.
插嘴。根据句意，故选A。
2.【2017·江苏卷】A
quick
review
of
successes
and
failures
at
the
end
of
year
will
help
_______
your
year
ahead.
A.
shape
B.
switch
C.
stretch
D.
sharpen
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词的辨析。A.
shape塑造，决定……的形成，影响……的发展；B.
switch转变，交换，
调班；C.
stretch拉长，拉紧，伸展，伸长，延伸消耗；D.
sharpen提高，使尖锐，变得清晰。句意：快速
回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。
3.【2017·
江苏】Working
with
the
medical
team
in
Africa
has
_______
the
best
in
her
as
a
doctor.
A.
held
out
B.
brought
out
C.
picked
out
D.
given
out
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。held
out坚持；提供机会；伸出手；B.
brought
out使显现，阐明，出版；
C.picked
out使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D.
given
out用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句
意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意，故选B。
【2016年】
1.【2016·江苏】He
did
not
easily,
but
was
willing
to
accept
any
constructive
advice
for
a
worthy
cause.
A.
approach
B.
wrestle
C.
compromise
D.
communicate
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；句意：他并容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知C项正确。
2.【2016·江苏】Many
businesses
started
up
by
college
students
have________thanks
to
the
comfortable
climate
for
business
creation.
A.
fallen
off
B.
taken
off
C.
turned
off
D.
left
off
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。fall
off跌落，下降；take
off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn
off关闭；leave
off停止，中断；根据句意可知B项正确。
3.【2016·江苏】Parents
should
actively
urge
their
children
to______the
opportunity
to
join
sports
teams.
A.
gain
admission
to
B.
keep
track
of
C.
take
advantage
of
D.
give
rise
to
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语辨析。动词短语gain
admission
to
获准进入；keep
track
of记录；take
advantage
of利用；give
rise
to引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。
4.【2016·天津】Mary
was
silent
during
the
early
part
of
the
discussion
but
finally
she
____
her
opinion
on
the
subject.
A.
gave
voice
to
B.
kept
an
eye
on
C.
turned
a
deaf
ear
of
D.
set
foot
on
【答案】A
【解析】句意：玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的，但是最后她说出自己对这个话题的观点。A.
将……说出，透露，表明；B.
注意，照看；C.对......充耳不闻；D.踏上。根据语境，故选A。
5.【2016·天津】I’m
going
to
_____
advantage
of
this
tour
to
explore
the
history
of
the
castle.
A.
put
B.
make
C.
take
D.
give
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我要利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。短语take
advantage
of意为“利用”，其他选项不能和advantage
of搭配。故选C。
6.【2016·天津】I
hate
it
when
she
calls
me
at
work—I’m
always
too
busy
to
_____
a
conversation
with
her.
A.
carry
on
B.
break
into
C.
turn
down
D.
cut
off
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。A.进行；B.破门而入；C.拒绝，声音调低；D.切断。故选A。
7.【2016·浙江】We
can
achieve
a
lot
when
we
learn
to
let
our
differences
unite
,
rather
than
_______
us.
A.
divide
B.
reject
C.
control
D.
abandon
【答案】A
【解析】句意：当我们学会让我们的差异联合起来而不是将我们分开的时候，我们就会获得很多。A.
将……分开；B.
拒绝，拒收；C.控制；D.放弃。根据语境，故选A。
8.【2016·浙江】When
their
children
lived
far
away
from
them
,
these
old
people
felt
______from
the
world.
A.
carried
away
B.
broken
down
C.
cut
off
D.
brought
up
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。Carry
away带走，夺走；break
down崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut
off切断；bring
up养育，培养。故选C。
9.【2016·浙江】When
the
time
came
to
make
the
final
decision
for
a
course
,
I
decided
to
apply
for
the
one
that
______my
interest.
A.
limited
B.
reserved
C.
reflected
D.
spoiled
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当最后决定课程的时候到了，我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。A.限制；B.保留；C.反映，反射；D.宠坏。故选C。
