专题16
动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标I卷）The
unmanned
Chang’e-4
probe
(探测器)—the
name
was
inspired
by
an
ancient
Chinese
moon
goddess
61．
(touch)
down
last
week
in
the
South
Pole-Aitken
basin.2.（2020·新课标I卷）＂This
really
excites
scientists,＂
Carle
Pieters,
a
scientist
at
Brown
University,
says,
＂because
it
67．
(mean)
we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
68．
(construct)
.＂3．（2020·新课标II卷）Actually,
I
start
to
learn
kung
fu
when
I
was
seven
years
old,
I
have
long
been
out
of
practice.
4．（2020·新课标III卷）The
artist
was
sure
he
would63．(choose),
but
when
he
presented
his
masterpiece
to
the
emperor’s
chief
minister,
the
old
nan
laughed.
5．（2020·新课标III卷）
65（When/As）
he
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary
(传奇的)
artist,
they
smiled
and
66．
(point)
down
the
river.6.（2020·浙江卷）And，as
more
children
were
born，more
food
59．(need).
7.（2020·浙江卷）By
about
6000
BC，people
61．
(discover)the
best
crops
to
grow
and
animals
to
raise.
8.（2020·浙江卷）New
methods
65．
(mean)that
fewer
people
worked
in
farming.
9.（2020·山东卷）The
80,000
objects
collected
by
Sir
Hans
Sloane,
for
example,
38．
(form)
the
core
collection
of
the
British
Museum
39（which/that）
opened
in
1759.10.（2020·山东卷）The
parts
of
a
museum
open
to
the
public
40．
(call)
galleries
or
rooms.
11．（2020·天津卷）—You
are
a
great
swimmer.
—Thanks.
It’s
because
I
______
a
lot
these
days.
A．have
been
practising
B．was
practising
C．would
practise
D．had
practised
12．（2020·天津卷）The
number
of
medical
schools
reached
18
in
the
early
1990s
and
______
around
that
level
since.
A．are
remaining
B．have
remained
C．is
remaining
D．has
remained
13.（2020·江苏卷）If
you
look
at
all
sides
of
the
situation,
you’ll
find
probably
a
solution
that
______
everyone.
A.
suit
B.
suited
C.
suits
D.
has
suited
14.（2020·江苏卷）Instead
of
getting
down
to
a
new
task
as
I
_____,
he
examined
the
previous
work
again.
A.
had
expected
B.
have
expected
C.
would
expect
D.
expect
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】
The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
___________
ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months.
A.
gives
B.
has
given
C.
have
given
D.
give
2.【2019·江苏卷】A
few
months
after
he
had
arrived
in
China,
Mr.
Smith
___________
in
love
with
the
people
and
culture
there.
A.
would
fall
B.
had
fallen
C.
has
fallen
D.
fell
3.【2019·江苏卷】They
are
trying
to
make
sure
that
5G
terminals_________
by
2022
for
the
Beijing
Winer
Olympics.
A.
will
install
B.
will
have
been
installed
C.
are
installed
D.
have
been
installed
4.【2019·天津卷】I
______
to
send
Peter
a
gift
to
congratulate
him
on
his
marriage，but
I
couldn't
manage
it.
A.
had
hoped
B.
am
hoping
C.
have
hoped
D.
would
hope
5.【2019·天津卷】Amy,
as
well
as
her
brothers,
____________
a
warm
welcome
when
returning
to
the
village
last
week.
A.
is
given
B.
are
given
C.
was
given
D.
were
given
6.【2019·新课标I卷】
Of
the
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
___70___
(be)
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
7.【2019·新课标II卷】Picking
up
her“Lifetime
Achievement”award，proud
Irene
___64___(declare)
she
had
no
plans
__to
retire__
(retire)
from
her
36-year-old
business.8.【2019·新课标II卷】I
don't
see
any
reason
to
give
up
work.
I
love
coming
here
and
seeing
my
family
and
all
the
friends
I
___66___(make)
over
the
years9.【2019·新课标II卷】And
the
other
is
that
I
wanted
to
help
people
in
need.
10.【2019·新课标III卷】Our
hosts
shared
many
of
their
experiences
and___65___(recommend)wonderful
places
to
eat，shop，and
visit.
For
breakfast，we
were
able
to
eat
papaya(木瓜)and
other
fruits
from
their
trees
in
the
backyard.
11.【2019·新课标III卷】On
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay，we
69
(invite)to
attend
a
private
concert
on
a
beautiful
farm
on
the
North
Shore
under
the
stars【2018年】
1.【2018·北京】—Hi,
I’m
Peter.
Are
you
new
here?
I
haven’t
seen
you
around?
—Hello,
Peter.
I’m
Bob.
I
just
_________
on
Monday.
A.
start
B.
have
started
C.
started
D.
had
started2.【2018·北京】
Susan
had
quit
her
well-paid
job
and
_________
as
a
volunteer
in
the
neighborhood
when
I
visited
her
last
year.
A.
is
working
B.
was
working
C.
has
worked
D.
had
worked3.【2018·北京】China’s
high-speed
railways
________
from
9,000
to
25,000
kilometers
in
the
past
few
years.
A.
are
growing
B.
have
grown
C.
will
grow
D.
had
grown4.【2018·北京】A
rescue
worker
risked
his
life
saving
two
tourists
who
_________
in
the
mountains
for
two
days.
A.
are
trapping
B.
have
been
trapped
C.
were
trapping
D.
had
been
trapped5.【2018·天津】My
washing
machine
___________this
week,
so
I
have
to
wash
my
clothes
by
hand.
A.
was
repaired
B.
is
repaired
C.
is
being
repaired
D.
has
been
repaired6.【2018·江苏】
Hopefully?in?2025?we?will?no?longer?be?e-mailing?each?other,
for?we
_______
more
convenient
electronic
communication?tools?by?then.
A.
have
developed
B.
had?developed
C.
will?have?developed
D.
developed7.【2018·江苏】I?was?sent?to?the?village?last?month?to?see?how?the?development?plan?_______
in?the?past
two
years.
A.
had?been?carried?out
B.
would
be
carried
out
C.
is?being?carried?out
D.
has
been
carried
out8.【2018·新课标卷I】While
running
regularly
can’t
make
you
live
forever,
the
review
says
it
64
(be)
more
effective
at
lengthening
life
65
walking,
cycling
or
swimming.
9.【2018·新课标卷I】During
my
last
winter
holiday,
I
went
to
the
countryside
with
my
father
to
visit
my
grandparents.
I
find
a
big
change
there.
9.【2018·新课标卷II】Diets
have
changed
in
China
—
and
so
too
has
its
top
crop.
Since
2011,the
country
___61___（grow）more
corn
than
rice.10.【2018·新课标卷II】The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005—when
the
government
___68___
(start)
a
soil-testing
program
that/which
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers
-
and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.
11.【2018·新课标卷II】True
to
a
gorilla's
unaggressive
nature,
the
huge
animal
____69____(mean)me
no
real
harm.
【2017年】
1.【2017·天津卷】I
________down
to
London
when
I
suddenly
found
that
I
was
on
the
wrong
road.
A.
was
driving
B.
have
driven
C.
would
drive
D.
drove
2.【2017·江苏卷】He
hurried
home,
never
once
looking
back
to
see
if
he
_______.
A.
was
being
followed
B.
was
following
C.
had
been
followed
D.
followed
3.【2017·江苏卷】He’s
been
informed
that
he
_______
for
the
scholarship
because
of
his
academic
background.
A.
hasn’t
qualified
B.
hadn’t
qualified
C.
doesn’t
qualify
D.
wasn’t
qualifying
4.【2017·北京卷】
People______
better
access
to
health
care
than
they
used
to,
and
they’re
living
longer
as
a
result.
A.
will
have
B.
have
C.
had
D.
had
had
5.【2017·北京卷】
In
the
1950s
in
the
USA,
most
families
had
just
one
phone
at
home,
and
wireless
phones
_______
yet.
A.
haven’t
invented
B.
haven’t
been
invented
C.
hadn’t
invented
D.
hadn’t
been
invented
6.【2017·北京卷】—______
that
company
to
see
how
they
think
of
our
product
yesterday?
—Yes.
They
are
happy
with
it.
A.
Did
you
call
B.
Have
you
called
C.
Will
you
call
D.
Were
you
calling
7.【2017·
江苏】The
publication
of
Great
Expectations,
which
_______
both
widely
reviewed
and
highly
praised,
strengthened
Dickens’
status
as
a
leading
novelist.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
was
D.
were
8.【2017·天津卷】
Nowadays,
cycling,
along
with
jogging
and
swimming,
_______
as
one
of
the
best
all-round
forms
of
exercise.
A.
regard
B.
is
regarded
C.
are
regarded
D.
regards
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】Jack
________
in
the
lab
when
the
power
cut
occurred.
A.
works
B.
has
worked
C.
was
working
D.
would
work
2.【2016·北京】—Excuse
me,
which
movie
are
you
waiting
for?
—The
new
Star
Wars.
We
________
here
for
more
than
two
hours.
A.
waited
B.
wait
C.
would
be
waiting
D.
have
been
waiting
3.【2016·北京】
I
________
half
of
the
English
novel,
and
I’ll
try
to
finish
it
at
the
weekend.
A.
read
B.
have
read
C.
am
reading
D.
will
read
4.【2016·北京】The
students
have
been
working
hard
on
their
lessons
and
their
efforts
________
with
success
in
the
end.
A.
rewarded
B.
were
rewarded
C.
will
reward
D.
will
be
rewarded
5.【2016·江苏】More
efforts,
as
reported,
______in
the
years
ahead
to
accelerate
the
supply-side
structural
reform.
A.
are
made
B.
will
be
made
C.
are
being
made
D.
have
been
made
6.【2016·江苏】Dashan,
who_________crosstalk,
the
Chinese
comedic
tradition,
for
decades,
wants
to
mix
it
upwith
the
Western
stand-up
tradition.
A.will
be
learning
B.
is
learning
C.
had
been
learning
D.
has
been
learning
7.【2016·天津】When
walking
down
the
street,
I
came
across
David,
when
I
_____
for
years.
A.
didn’t
see
B.
haven’t
seen
C.
hadn’t
seen
D.
wouldn’t
see
8.【2016·浙江】Silk
______
one
of
the
primary
goods
traded
along
the
Silk
Road
by
about
100
BC.
A.
had
become
B.
was
becoming
C.
has
become
D.is
becoming专题16
动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
【2020年】
1.（2020·新课标I卷）The
unmanned
Chang’e-4
probe
(探测器)—the
name
was
inspired
by
an
ancient
Chinese
moon
goddess
61．
(touch)
down
last
week
in
the
South
Pole-Aitken
basin.
【答案】touched
【解析】考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last
week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
2.（2020·新课标I卷）＂This
really
excites
scientists,＂
Carle
Pieters,
a
scientist
at
Brown
University,
says,
＂because
it
67．
(mean)
we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
68．
(construct)
.＂
67.【答案】means
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle
Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This
really
excites
scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
68．【答案】is
constructed
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the
moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the
moon是单数，故填is
constructed。
3．（2020·新课标II卷）Actually,
I
start
to
learn
kung
fu
when
I
was
seven
years
old,
I
have
long
been
out
of
practice.
【答案】start→started
【解析】考查时态。句意：事实上，我七岁时就开始学功夫了。分析句子，此处动词start讲述的是7岁的时候，动词应该用过去时。故将start改为started。
4．（2020·新课标III卷）The
artist
was
sure
he
would63．(choose),
but
when
he
presented
his
masterpiece
to
the
emperor’s
chief
minister,
the
old
nan
laughed.
【答案】be
chosen
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be
chosen。
5．（2020·新课标III卷）
65（When/As）
he
asked
the
villagers
on
the
banks
of
the
river
where
he
could
find
the
legendary
(传奇的)
artist,
they
smiled
and
66．
(point)
down
the
river.
【答案】pointed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they
smiled
and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
6.（2020·浙江卷）And，as
more
children
were
born，more
food
59．(need).
【答案】was
needed
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was
needed。
7.（2020·浙江卷）By
about
6000
BC，people
61．
(discover)the
best
crops
to
grow
and
animals
to
raise.
【答案】had
discovered
【解析】考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by
+
过去时间
译为“到……为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had
discovered.
8.（2020·浙江卷）New
methods
65．
(mean)that
fewer
people
worked
in
farming.
【答案】meant
【解析】考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。
9.（2020·山东卷）The
80,000
objects
collected
by
Sir
Hans
Sloane,
for
example,
38．
(form)
the
core
collection
of
the
British
Museum
39（which/that）
opened
in
1759.
【答案】formed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯?斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
10.（2020·山东卷）The
parts
of
a
museum
open
to
the
public
40．
(call)
galleries
or
rooms.
【答案】are
called
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are
called。
11．（2020·天津卷）—You
are
a
great
swimmer.
—Thanks.
It’s
because
I
______
a
lot
these
days.
A．have
been
practising
B．was
practising
C．would
practise
D．had
practised
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：——你游泳很棒。——谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these
days(这些天)可知，“练习游泳”从数天前开始，一直持续到现在，因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。
12．（2020·天津卷）The
number
of
medical
schools
reached
18
in
the
early
1990s
and
______
around
that
level
since.
A．are
remaining
B．have
remained
C．is
remaining
D．has
remained
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever
since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the
number
of
medical
schools，the
number
of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选D。
13.（2020·江苏卷）If
you
look
at
all
sides
of
the
situation,
you’ll
find
probably
a
solution
that
______
everyone.
A.
suit
B.
suited
C.
suits
D.
has
suited
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a
solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
14.（2020·江苏卷）Instead
of
getting
down
to
a
new
task
as
I
_____,
he
examined
the
previous
work
again.
A.
had
expected
B.
have
expected
C.
would
expect
D.
expect
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此处描述的动作发生在examined之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。故选A。
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】
The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
___________
ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months.
A.
gives
B.
has
given
C.
have
given
D.
give
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in
the
last
three
months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the
musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along
with
his
band
members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
2.【2019·江苏卷】A
few
months
after
he
had
arrived
in
China,
Mr.
Smith
___________
in
love
with
the
people
and
culture
there.
A.
would
fall
B.
had
fallen
C.
has
fallen
D.
fell
【答案D
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had
arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。
3.【2019·江苏卷】They
are
trying
to
make
sure
that
5G
terminals_________
by
2022
for
the
Beijing
Winer
Olympics.
A.
will
install
B.
will
have
been
installed
C.
are
installed
D.
have
been
installed
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
4.【2019·天津卷】I
______
to
send
Peter
a
gift
to
congratulate
him
on
his
marriage，but
I
couldn't
manage
it.
A.
had
hoped
B.
am
hoping
C.
have
hoped
D.
would
hope
【答案】A
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：我本来计划在Peter结婚时送他一个礼物的，可是我没有做到。第二个分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时，它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。
5.【2019·天津卷】Amy,
as
well
as
her
brothers,
____________
a
warm
welcome
when
returning
to
the
village
last
week.
A.
is
given
B.
are
given
C.
was
given
D.
were
given
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和他的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last
week可知应用过去时，排除选项A和B。as
well
as连接并列主语，谓语动词就前原则。这句话真正的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。
6.【2019·新课标I卷】
Of
the
nineteen
recognized
polar
bear
subpopulations,
three
are
declining,
six
___70___
(be)
stable,
one
is
increasing,
and
nine
lack
enough
data.
【答案】are
【解析】时态和考查主谓一致。根据three
are
declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar
bear
subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。
7.【2019·新课标II卷】Picking
up
her“Lifetime
Achievement”award，proud
Irene
___64___(declare)
she
had
no
plans
__to
retire__
(retire)
from
her
36-year-old
business.
【答案】B
【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had
以及said
可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
8.【2019·新课标II卷】I
don't
see
any
reason
to
give
up
work.
I
love
coming
here
and
seeing
my
family
and
all
the
friends
I
___66___(make)
over
the
years
【答案】are
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over
the
years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have
made。
9.【2019·新课标II卷】And
the
other
is
that
I
wanted
to
help
people
in
need.
【答案】And
the
other
that
I
wanted
to
help
people
in
need.
【解析】考查一般过去时。本篇文章使用的全是一般过去时，且与最后一句并列的“one
was
that…”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。讲述当时做决定时的原因。故将is改为was。
10.【2019·新课标III卷】Our
hosts
shared
many
of
their
experiences
and___65___(recommend)wonderful
places
to
eat，shop，and
visit.
For
breakfast，we
were
able
to
eat
papaya(木瓜)and
other
fruits
from
their
trees
in
the
backyard.
【答案】recommended。
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。
11.【2019·新课标III卷】On
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay，we
69
(invite)to
attend
a
private
concert
on
a
beautiful
farm
on
the
North
Shore
under
the
stars
【答案】were
invited
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由“on
the
last
day
of
our
week-long
stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were
invited。
【2018年】
1.【2018·北京】—Hi,
I’m
Peter.
Are
you
new
here?
I
haven’t
seen
you
around?
—Hello,
Peter.
I’m
Bob.
I
just
_________
on
Monday.
A.
start
B.
have
started
C.
started
D.
had
started
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：——嗨，我是彼得。你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。——你好，彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C选项正确。
2.【2018·北京】
Susan
had
quit
her
well-paid
job
and
_________
as
a
volunteer
in
the
neighborhood
when
I
visited
her
last
year.
A.
is
working
B.
was
working
C.
has
worked
D.
had
worked
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：Susan已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候，她正在一个社区里做志愿者。Susan辞职发生在她当志愿者之前，had
quit是过去完成时态，过去完成时态通俗的说就是“过去的过去”，且结合时间状语when
I
visited
her
last
year可知，Susan做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情况，故该空应用过去进行时态。B选项正确。
3.【2018·北京】China’s
high-speed
railways
________
from
9,000
to
25,000
kilometers
in
the
past
few
years.
A.
are
growing
B.
have
grown
C.
will
grow
D.
had
grown
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时间状语为in
the
past
few
years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该句应用现在完成时态。B选项正确。
4.【2018·北京】A
rescue
worker
risked
his
life
saving
two
tourists
who
_________
in
the
mountains
for
two
days.
A.
are
trapping
B.
have
been
trapped
C.
were
trapping
D.
had
been
trapped
【答案】D
【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who
___
in
the
mountains
for
two
days”是定语从句，修饰two
tourists，two
tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。
5.【2018·天津】My
washing
machine
___________this
week,
so
I
have
to
wash
my
clothes
by
hand.
A.
was
repaired
B.
is
repaired
C.
is
being
repaired
D.
has
been
repaired
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so
I
have
to
wash
my
clothes
by
hand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。
6.【2018·江苏】
Hopefully?in?2025?we?will?no?longer?be?e-mailing?each?other,
for?we
_______
more
convenient
electronic
communication?tools?by?then.
A.
have
developed
B.
had?developed
C.
will?have?developed
D.
developed
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：希望在2025年，我们不再互相发电子邮件，因为到那时候我们将开发更方便的电子通信工具。根据时间状语in
2025，可知用将来时；再根据时间状语by
then到那时，可知用完成时。结合两者可知用将来完成时。故选C。
7.【2018·江苏】I?was?sent?to?the?village?last?month?to?see?how?the?development?plan?_______
in?the?past
two
years.
A.
had?been?carried?out
B.
would
be
carried
out
C.
is?being?carried?out
D.
has
been
carried
out
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中时间状语last
month和in
the
past
two
years可知用过去完成时。故选A。
8.【2018·新课标卷I】While
running
regularly
can’t
make
you
live
forever,
the
review
says
it
64
(be)
more
effective
at
lengthening
life
65
walking,
cycling
or
swimming.
【答案】is
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是it，要用第三人称单数。故填is。
9.【2018·新课标卷I】During
my
last
winter
holiday,
I
went
to
the
countryside
with
my
father
to
visit
my
grandparents.
I
find
a
big
change
there.
【答案】find改成found
【解析】考查动词时态。根据文章中的During
my
last
winter
holiday可知，事件发生在过去，故用一个过去时。故将find改成found。
9.【2018·新课标卷II】Diets
have
changed
in
China
—
and
so
too
has
its
top
crop.
Since
2011,the
country
___61___（grow）more
corn
than
rice.
【答案】has
grown
【解析】考查时态。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has
grown。
10.【2018·新课标卷II】The
Chinese
Ministry
of
Agriculture
finds
that
between
2005—when
the
government
___68___
(start)
a
soil-testing
program
that/which
gives
specific
fertilizer
recommendations
to
farmers
-
and
2011,
fertilizer
use
dropped
by
7.7
million
tons.
【答案】started
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。
11.【2018·新课标卷II】True
to
a
gorilla's
unaggressive
nature,
the
huge
animal
____69____(mean)me
no
real
harm.
【答案】meant
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。
【2017年】
1.【2017·天津卷】I
________down
to
London
when
I
suddenly
found
that
I
was
on
the
wrong
road.
A.
was
driving
B.
have
driven
C.
would
drive
D.
drove
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我正开车去伦敦这时我突然发现走错路了。根据固定句型：was/
were
doing
sth.
+
when…(正在做某事，就在这时突然)可知选A。
2.【2017·江苏卷】He
hurried
home,
never
once
looking
back
to
see
if
he
_______.
A.
was
being
followed
B.
was
following
C.
had
been
followed
D.
followed
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。he和follow是动宾关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B/D；根据句意“在
匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否被跟踪”，用过去进行时最合适，故选A。句意：他匆匆忙忙往家
赶，就是不回头看一看是否有人跟踪自己。
3.【2017·江苏卷】He’s
been
informed
that
he
_______
for
the
scholarship
because
of
his
academic
background.
A.
hasn’t
qualified
B.
hadn’t
qualified
C.
doesn’t
qualify
D.
wasn’t
qualifying
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他已经被告知由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得奖学金。qualify
for
sth达标，获得参赛资格；由于条件不满足而没有资格做某事，是客观事实，用一般现在时。故选C。
4.【2017·北京卷】
People______
better
access
to
health
care
than
they
used
to,
and
they’re
living
longer
as
a
result.
A.
will
have
B.
have
C.
had
D.
had
had
【答案】B
【解析】句意：人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险，结果他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在，所以than前一句话是用现在的时间，而且后一句用的就是现在时态，所以前面也用现在时态，故选B。
5.【2017·北京卷】
In
the
1950s
in
the
USA,
most
families
had
just
one
phone
at
home,
and
wireless
phones
_______
yet.
A.
haven’t
invented
B.
haven’t
been
invented
C.
hadn’t
invented
D.
hadn’t
been
invented
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除AC，事情发生在过去，与现在无关，不用现在完成时，排除B，故选D，过去完成时的被动语态。
6.【2017·北京卷】—______
that
company
to
see
how
they
think
of
our
product
yesterday?
—Yes.
They
are
happy
with
it.
A.
Did
you
call
B.
Have
you
called
C.
Will
you
call
D.
Were
you
calling
【答案】A
【解析】句意：--你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？--打了，他们此刻正用得很开心。空格所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去式，故选A。
7.【2017·
江苏】The
publication
of
Great
Expectations,
which
_______
both
widely
reviewed
and
highly
praised,
strengthened
Dickens’
status
as
a
leading
novelist.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
was
D.
were
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致。先行词是Great
Expectations，“Great
Expectations”是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据“strengthened”可知，说的是过去，故选C。句意：《远大前程》的出版获得了广泛的认可和高度的赞扬，这坐实了狄更斯作为前沿小说家的地位。
8.【2017·天津卷】
Nowadays,
cycling,
along
with
jogging
and
swimming,
_______
as
one
of
the
best
all-round
forms
of
exercise.
A.
regard
B.
is
regarded
C.
are
regarded
D.
regards
【答案】B
【解析】句意：现在骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard...as…
(把……看做……)和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D；由介词短语along
with连接的三个名词作主语，谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C。故选B。
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】Jack
________
in
the
lab
when
the
power
cut
occurred.
A.
works
B.
has
worked
C.
was
working
D.
would
work
【答案】C
【解析】题目考查时态。句意：突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。根据occurred可知，这里指过去某时刻正在发生的事情，断电时，杰克正在工作，综合用过去进行时，故选C。
2.【2016·北京】—Excuse
me,
which
movie
are
you
waiting
for?
—The
new
Star
Wars.
We
________
here
for
more
than
two
hours.
A.
waited
B.
wait
C.
would
be
waiting
D.
have
been
waiting
【答案】D
【解析】题目考查时态。句意：——打扰了，你们在等哪一部电影？——《星球大战》，我们已经在这儿等了两个多小时了。“for+时间段”与完成时连用，根据语境可知，说话的时候仍然在等，因此用现在完成进行时，故选D。
3.【2016·北京】
I
________
half
of
the
English
novel,
and
I’ll
try
to
finish
it
at
the
weekend.
A.
read
B.
have
read
C.
am
reading
D.
will
read
【答案】B
【解析】题目考查时态。句意：我已经看完了这本英文小说的一半，周末会尽力把另一半看完。发生在过去的动作对现在产生影响，用现在完成时。＂看小说＂这一动作发生在过去，到目前为止看了一半，故用完成时，故选B。
4.【2016·北京】The
students
have
been
working
hard
on
their
lessons
and
their
efforts
________
with
success
in
the
end.
A.
rewarded
B.
were
rewarded
C.
will
reward
D.
will
be
rewarded
【答案】D
【解析】题目考查时态和语态。句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力(将来)一定会得到回报。根据句意可知，回报是将来要发生的事情，应该用将来时；efforts和reward是被动关系，应该使用被动语态，故选D。
5.【2016·江苏】More
efforts,
as
reported,
______in
the
years
ahead
to
accelerate
the
supply-side
structural
reform.
A.
are
made
B.
will
be
made
C.
are
being
made
D.
have
been
made
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和语态。本句的时间状语in
the
years
ahead＂在将来的几年＂和一般将来时连用，且efforts与动词make构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式，故B项正确。
6.【2016·江苏】Dashan,
who_________crosstalk,
the
Chinese
comedic
tradition,
for
decades,
wants
to
mix
it
upwith
the
Western
stand-up
tradition.
A.will
be
learning
B.
is
learning
C.
had
been
learning
D.
has
been
learning
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国传统的相声和西方的脱口秀结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D项正确。
7.【2016·天津】When
walking
down
the
street,
I
came
across
David,
when
I
_____
for
years.
A.
didn’t
see
B.
haven’t
seen
C.
hadn’t
seen
D.
wouldn’t
see
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当沿着街道散步的时候，我遇见了多年未见的David。根据语境，“not
see”这个动作发生在come
across之前，是过去的过去发生的动作，用过去完成时。故选C。
8.【2016·浙江】Silk
______
one
of
the
primary
goods
traded
along
the
Silk
Road
by
about
100
BC.
A.
had
become
B.
was
becoming
C.
has
become
D.is
becoming
【答案】A
【解析】句意：到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。时间状语是by+过去时间，谓语用过去完成时。故选A。
