课时作业43
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Going
out
guide
R&B：Melanie
Fiona
Known
for
such
songs
as
“It
Kills
Me”
and
“This
Time”，
R&B
singer
Melanie
Fiona
made
her
first
musical
album
(专辑)
in
2009
with
“The
Bridge”
and
followed
it
up
with
“The
MF
Life”
in
2012.
A
new
album,
“Next
Train”，
is
planned
to
drop.
8
pm,
Feb.13.
The
Howard
Theatre.202－803－2899.$30—$59.99.
Ballet：John
Cranko's
“Romeo
&
Juliet”
Celebrated
South
African
choreographer
(舞蹈指导)
John
Cranko
created
the
dance
inspired
by
Shakespeare's
lovers
with
a
score
by
Sergei
Prokofiev.
The
production
was
first
performed
in
the
United
States
in
1969
and
returns
to
the
Kennedy
Center
under
the
artistic
direction
of
Julie
Kent.
Feb.14—18.
Kennedy
Center.202－467－4600.$25—$160.
Exhibit
(展览)：“Brand
New：Art
and
Commodity
(商品)
in
the
1980s”
This
exhibit
shows
the
commodification
of
art
in
the
1980s,
when
trade,
art
and
entertainment
became
unclear.
The
exhibit
shows
works
by
some
of
today's
most
influential
artists,
including
Jeff
Koons,
Barbara
Kruger
and
Julia
Wachtel.
Feb.14
through
May
13.
Hirshhorn
Museum
and
Sculpture
Garden.202－633－1000.
Free.
R&B：Valentine's
Love
Jam
R&B
artists
are
known
for
some
of
our
most
beloved
(钟爱的)
love
songs,
and
the
performers
lined
up
for
this
show
are
no
exception.
Singer?songwriters
Tyrese
(“Sweet
Lady”)
and
Joe
(“I
Wanna
Know”)
join
forces
with
SWV
(“Weak”),
Dru
Hill
(“Beauty”)
and
Next
(“Wifey”)
for
this
show.
8
pm,
Feb.17.
EagleBank
Arena.703－493－4000.$59—$99.
本文是一篇应用文。推荐了四场值得去的展览或演出并做了一些简要介绍。
1．Which
number
should
you
call
if
you
are
interested
in
dance?
A．703－493－4000.
B．202－633－1000.
C．202－467－4600.
D．202－803－2899.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由Ballet：John
Cranko's
“Romeo
&
Juliet”部分中的“Celebrated
South
African
choreographer
(舞蹈指导)
John
Cranko
created
the
dance”可知，你如果对舞蹈感兴趣的话，可以看这个芭蕾舞演出，应该拨打电话202－467－4600。故选C项。
2．Where
can
people
enjoy
a
free
show?
A．Hirshhorn
Museum
and
Sculpture
Garden.
B．Kennedy
Center.
C．EagleBank
Arena.
D．The
Howard
Theatre.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词free，将答案定位到Exhibit
(展览)：“Brand
New：Art
and
Commodity
(商品)
in
the
1980s”部分的内容，该展览的举办地址为“Hirshhorn
Museum
and
Sculpture
Garden”。故选A项。
3．When
can
you
attend
a
love
song
concert?
A．Feb.18.
B．Feb.17.
C．Feb.14.
D．Feb.13.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的“love
song
concert”将答案定位至R&B：Valentine's
Love
Jam部分的内容，根据该部分中的“R&B
artists
are
known
for
some
of
our
most
beloved
(钟爱的)
love
songs”以及“8
pm,
Feb.17”可知，观众可以在2月17日观看该演唱会。故选B项。
B
When
I
was
a
very
little
child,
I
remember,
I
watched
TV
and
saw
other
children
suffer
in
other
parts
of
the
world.
I
would
talk
to
myself,
“When
I
grow
up,
and
when
I
can
become
rich,
I'll
save
kids
all
over
the
world.”
At
the
age
of
17,
I
began
my
career
here
in
America,
and
by
18,
I
started
my
first
charity
organization.
I
went
on
to
team
up
with
other
organizations
in
the
following
years,
and
I
met,
helped,
and
even
lost
some
of
the
most
beautiful
souls,
from
six?year?old
Jasmina
Anema
who
passed
away
in
2010
from
leukemia
(白血病)—her
story
inspired
thousands
to
volunteer
as
donors,
to
2012
when
my
grandmother
lost
her
battle
with
cancer,
which
is
the
very
reason
and
the
driving
force
behind
the
Clara
Lionel
Foundation
(CLF).
We're
all
humans.
And
we
all
just
want
a
chance:
a
chance
at
life,
a
chance
in
education,
a
chance
at
a
future,
really.
And
at
CLF,
our
mission
is
to
impact
as
many
lives
as
possible,
but
it
starts
with
just
one.
People
make
it
seem
too
hard
to
do
charity
work.
The
truth
is,
you
don't
have
to
be
rich
to
help
others.
You
don't
need
to
be
famous.
You
don't
even
have
to
be
college?educated.
But
it
starts
with
your
neighbor,
the
person
right
next
to
you,
the
person
sitting
next
to
you
in
class,
the
kid
down
the
block
in
your
neighborhood.
You
just
do
whatever
you
can
to
help
in
any
way
that
you
can.
And
today,
I
want
to
challenge
each
of
you
to
make
a
commitment
to
help
one
person,
one
organization
or
one
situation
that
touches
your
heart.
My
grandmother
always
used
to
say,
“If
you've
got
a
dollar,
there's
plenty
to
share.”
本文是一篇记叙文。作者年少时立志长大后帮助遭受苦难的孩子，长大后作者用行动兑现了自己的诺言。
4．What
did
the
author
want
to
do
at
a
young
age?
A．Watch
TV.
B．Grow
up
quickly.
C．Become
wealthy.
D．Help
other
children.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I
would
talk
to
myself,
‘When
I
grow
up,
and
when
I
can
become
rich,
I'll
save
kids
all
over
the
world’”可知，小时候作者想要帮助其他的孩子。故选D项。
5．Which
of
the
following
directly
caused
the
author
or
create
and
develop
the
CLF?
A．A
six?year?old
kid's
request.
B．Her
grandmother's
death
from
cancer.
C．Many
volunteers'
inspiration
for
it.
D．Other
organizations'
encouragement.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“to
2012
when
my
grandmother
lost
her
battle
with
cancer,
which
is
the
very
reason
and
the
driving
force
behind
the
Clara
Lionel
Foundation
(CLF)”可知，作者的祖母因癌症去世，这正是作者创办和发展CLF的原因和动力。故选B项。
6．What
does
the
underlined
word
“one”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A．A
chance.
B．A
life.
C．A
task.
D．An
organization.
答案：B
解析：代词指代题。根据画线词所在句“And
at
CLF,
our
mission
is
to
impact
as
many
lives
as
possible,
but
it
starts
with
just
one”可知，CLF的使命是影响尽可能多的生命，但这需要从影响一个生命开始。由此可知，one指代的是上文提到的“many
lives”中的一个。
7．What
does
the
author
suggest
people
do
in
the
last
paragraph?
A．Do
little
things
to
help
those
around
them.
B．Work
very
hard
to
get
a
college
education.
C．Challenge
their
friends
to
offer
help.
D．Do
charity
work
when
they
are
rich.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But
it
starts
with
your
neighbor...in
your
neighborhood”和“You
just
do
whatever
you
can
to
help
in
any
way
that
you
can.
And
today,
I
want
to
challenge
each
of
you
to
make
a
commitment
to
help
one
person,
one
organization
or
one
situation
that
touches
your
heart”可知，作者建议人们做力所能及的事来帮助周围的人。
Ⅱ.完形填空
When
our
restaurant
business
failed,
we
headed
north
in
a
camping
truck
to
Texas,
hoping
to
have
a
“fresh
start”．
At
the
__1__
of
Palo
Duro
Canyon
(峡谷)
State
Park,
I
__2__
a
job
advertisement
hiring
park
hosts.
The
position
offered
a
__3__，
permanent
campsite
in
the
park
and
__4__，
the
hosts
served
as
a
link
between
the
park's
guests
and
the
rangers
(护林人).
It
was
the
perfect
solution:
a
rent?free
place
to
reorganize
our
lives.
We
entered
the
park
and
I
made
an
__5__
for
the
following
day.
The
park
was
__6__，
so
it
took
us
some
time
to
find
an
available
site.
That
evening,
as
we
finished
our
dinner,
my
wife
saw
two
large
skunks
(臭鼬)
walking
toward
our
table.
We
__7__
climbed
onto
the
table
and,
for
the
next
four
hours,
waited
for
them
to
__8__
our
camp.
Having
survived
that
night,
we
were
__9__
that
everything
else
would
be
all
right.
The
next
day
we
met
with
the
people
who
ran
the
park.
They
explained
our
__10__
and
gave
us
a
beautiful
campsite.
That
evening,
__11__，
we
learned
about
the
canyon
__12__.
They
were
strong
and
cold,
rocking
our
little
camping
truck
violently,
and
we
lay
__13__
in
the
dark
until
the
winds
died
away.
__14__
the
weeks
that
followed,
we
learned
to
survive
in
our
truck.
And
we
managed
to
__15__
the
little
money
my
wife
__16__
by
substitute
teaching.
Building
a
successful
business
and
then
losing
it
had
left
very
little
time
for
building
a
successful
__17__.
For
a
time
after
our
business
__18__
I
thought
I
might
lose
my
family
as
well.
Living
in
the
tiny
__19__
with
no
television,
we
sat
close
together
reading
and
talking.
One
evening,
standing
under
a
jeweled
sky,
I
found
myself
__20__
for
all
the
hardships.
We
had
walked
the
trails
and
climbed
the
canyon
walls.
We
had
become
a
family!
餐馆生意失败后作者和妻子一起去了得克萨斯州。作者在帕罗杜洛峡谷州立公园的入口处，看到了招聘公园管理人员的广告。作者因为这个岗位能提供免费的野营地而去参加应聘。然后他与妻子一起在野营卡车里过了几周的艰苦生活，但是这样的生活使作者能够和妻子紧靠在一起阅读和谈话。最终，作者不仅对所经历的磨难充满感激，而且回归了家庭，并最终爱上峡谷公园的一切。
1．A.back
B．edge
C．centre
D．entrance
答案：D
解析：招聘广告一般都贴在入口处。edge“边缘”；entrance“入口”。
2．A.sponsored
B．published
C．noticed
D．answered
答案：C
解析：作者注意到一则招聘公园管理人员的广告。sponsor“赞助”；publish“出版”。
3．A.safe
B．free
C．convenient
D．beautiful
答案：B
解析：根据下文中的“a
rent?free
place”可知，这个岗位提供一个免费的、永久性的营地。
4．A.in
return
B．in
time
C．in
short
D．in
turn
答案：A
解析：根据空前表述这个岗位提供永久性的营地和空后的这个岗位的职责并结合选项可知，此处应是作为回报，这些被招聘来的管理人员在公园游客和护林人员之间起联系作用。in
return“作为回报”；in
time“及时”；in
short“总而言之”；in
turn“轮流，转而”。
5．A.attempt
B．agreement
C．appeal
D．appointment
答案：D
解析：根据第10空有一句“The
next
day
we
met
with
the
people
who
ran
the
park”可知，此处是作者与招聘人员约好第二天见面。agreement“同意，协议”；appeal“呼吁，吸引力”；appointment“预约，约会，约定”。
6．A.crowded
B．dangerous
C．ideal
D．quiet
答案：A
解析：根据空后的“so
it
took
us
some
time
to
find
an
available
site”可知，作者花了一些时间才找到可用的位置，故可反推出：公园是十分拥挤的。crowded“拥挤的”；ideal“理想的”。
7．A.repeatedly
B．immediately
C．eventually
D．calmly
答案：B
解析：根据语境可知，看到两只臭鼬爬过来，作者和妻子立即爬到桌子上。repeatedly“反复地”。
8．A.attack
B．leave
C．pass
D．search
答案：B
解析：根据该句中的“waited
for
them”和语境可知，此处表示作者和妻子等着臭鼬离开。
9．A.satisfied
B．determined
C．confident
D．aware
答案：C
解析：根据空处前后的内容可知，那一夜他们有惊无险地度过了，所以此处作者很自信其他一切都会好起来的。satisfied“满意的”；determined“有决心的”；aware“知道的，意识到的”。
10．A.responsibilities
B．requirements
C．circumstances
D．conditions
答案：A
解析：根据空前一句可知，作者与招聘人员见了面，招聘人员肯定要向作者说明作者他们的工作职责。requirement“要求”；circumstance“情况，情形”。
11．A.moreover
B．therefore
C．meanwhile
D．however
答案：D
解析：根据第13空后的“winds”可知，此处表达的是，那天夜里他们遭遇到了峡谷狂风。与上文他们自信地认为一切都会好起来形成转折，故用however“但是，然而”。moreover“此外，而且”。
12．A.winds
B．snows
C．woods
D．trails
答案：A
解析：参见上题解析。
13．A.shaking
B．quarrelling
C．mourning
D．aching
答案：A
解析：根据空前一句“They
were
strong
and
cold,
rocking
our
little
camping
truck
violently”可知，狂风摇动着野营车，作者和妻子也随之摇动直到狂风渐息。shake“摇动”；quarrel“争吵”；mourn“哀悼，忧伤”；ache“疼痛”。
14．A.After
B．Between
C．During
D．Beyond
答案：C
解析：根据语境可知，在接下来的几周时间里，作者和妻子学会了在卡车中生存并设法依靠妻子临时代课挣来的少量的钱生活。
15．A.give
away
B．hand
out
C．live
on
D．put
aside
答案：C
解析：参见上题解析。give
away“赠送；泄露”；hand
out“分发”；live
on“依靠……生活”；put
aside“忽视；储存”。
16．A.borrowed
B．earned
C．posted
D．raised
答案：B
解析：参见第14题解析。post“邮寄，张贴”；raise“举起，筹集”。
17．A.business
B．career
C．family
D．image
答案：C
解析：根据下文中的“I
might
lose
my
family
as
well”可知，此处表达的是开了一个成功的店，然后又失去了它，(这一过程)使得作者很少有时间建立一个成功的家庭，故选C。
18．A.started
B．failed
C．expanded
D．declined
答案：B
解析：根据第一段第一句中的“When
our
restaurant
business
failed”可知，此处是生意失败后的一段时间内，作者认为自己连家也可能失去。fail“失败”；expand“扩大”；decline“下降，拒绝”。
19．A.truck
B．park
C．house
D．camp
答案：A
解析：根据上文中的“survive
in
our
truck”可知，此处表示作者夫妻俩生活在无电视的狭小的野营车内。
20．A.desperate
B．ready
C．suitable
D．thankful
答案：D
解析：根据本段最后一句“We
had
become
a
family”和空前的“a
jeweled
sky”可知，此处应是作者对过去的磨难充满了感激。desperate“绝望的”；suitable“适合的”；thankful“感激的”。(共125张PPT)
第一部分
回归教材
选修8
Unit
22 Environmental
Protection
课堂讲解02
基础回顾01
随堂练习03
课时作业
饼手册学子至愛(共39张PPT)
课时作业43
饼手册学子至愛(共32张PPT)
课时作业44
饼手册学子至愛课时作业44
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
For
the
past
two
years
I
have
been
travelling
and
living
abroad.
Home
has
become
more
of
a
feeling
than
a
place.
I
feel
at
home
when
I
am
with
my
family
in
London,
but
I
also
feel
at
home
in
Italy
with
friends
I
love.
Home
is
no
longer
a
picture
of
a
house
with
a
front
door
and
some
windows.
It
is
more
complicated
than
that.
This
is
one
of
the
reasons
that
celebrating
the
new
year
has
become
very
important
for
me.
I
don
not
care
about
“New
Year's
resolutions
(新年计划)”—living
abroad
has
made
me
constantly
reconsider
what
kind
of
person
I
want
to
be
and
how
I
will
live
my
life,
so
I
don't
feel
the
need
to
plan
for
change：I
live
for
change.
New
Year's
Eve
has
become
my
time
to
reconnect
with
the
friends,
which
makes
me
feel
at
home.
Every
year
we
try
to
reunite
wherever
we
are,
and
remember
the
time
when
we
knew
each
other
so
well
that
we
felt
like
a
family.
It
is
a
moment
to
reconnect
and
get
to
know
each
other
again.
Last
year,
we
travelled
to
a
cottage
in
Ireland
where
we
had
no
Internet
and
no
neighbours.
In
the
middle
of
the
countryside,
away
from
our
constantly
changing
lives,
we
were
able
to
become
like
a
little
family
again.
This
year,
we
went
to
Barcelona.
It
was
a
very
big
change.
We
were
surrounded
by
culture
and
life
and
joy.
There
were
bars
and
parties.
It
was
different,
but
one
thing
stayed
very
much
the
same—I
felt
at
home
again
and
we
felt
like
a
family
again.
A
lot
of
people
feel
that
New
Year's
Eve
cannot
live
up
to
expectations.
Ideas
such
as
the
“New
Year's
kiss”
and
“resolutions”
create
a
lot
of
pressure
for
people
to
have
a
night
to
remember,
a
night
that
will
change
their
lives
and
perhaps
make
the
next
year
worth
living.
I
think
those
people
are
missing
the
point.
Why
can't
New
Year
be
about
friends?
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。过去两年作者在国外旅游、生活，作者认为家不只是一个地方，而是一种感觉；新年是和家人、朋友团聚的时刻，作者经常通过和朋友们一起旅游来庆祝新年。
1．What
does
the
underlined
word
“It”
in
Paragraph
1
refer
to?
A．Family.
B．Living
abroad.
C．Home.
D．Staying
with
friends.
答案：C
解析：代词指代题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Home
is
no
longer
a
picture
of
a
house
with
a
front
door
and
some
windows”可知，家不再是一幅有前门和一些窗户的房子的图画；结合画线词所在句“It
is
more
complicated
than
that”可知，该句的主语It指代前一句中的“Home”。故C项正确。
2．Why
doesn't
the
author
care
about
“New
Year's
resolutions”？
A．New
Year's
resolutions
cannot
be
reached.
B．His
lifestyle
makes
him
always
ready
for
change.
C．It's
meaningless
to
make
any
big
changes
in
life.
D．Making
New
Year's
resolutions
creates
much
pressure.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“I
do
not
care
about
‘New
Year's
resolutions
(新年计划)’—living
abroad
has
made
me
constantly
reconsider
what
kind
of
person
I
want
to
be
and
how
I
will
live
my
life,
so
I
don't
feel
the
need
to
plan
for
change：I
live
for
change”可知，作者的生活不断变化，所以他认为没有必要在意新年计划，故B项正确。
3．What
does
the
author
try
to
convey
through
his
experiences
in
Ireland
and
Barcelona?
A．Life
is
peaceful
and
enjoyable.
B．Living
abroad
is
a
happy
experience.
C．Staying
with
friends
makes
one
feel
at
home.
D．Travelling
abroad
enriches
one's
life
experience.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“In
the
middle
of
the
countryside,
away
from
our
constantly
changing
lives,
we
were
able
to
become
like
a
little
family
again”可知，和朋友待在乡村的中心，远离不断变化的生活，作者找到了家的感觉；根据第四段尾句“It
was
different,
but
one
thing
stayed
very
much
the
same—I
felt
at
home
again
and
we
felt
like
a
family
again”可知，作者和朋友们在一起，感觉又回到了家，感觉又像一家人了。据此可知，文章中提及作者和朋友在爱尔兰和巴塞罗那的经历旨在说明和朋友待在一起能让人找到家的感觉。故C项正确。
4．Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．New
Year's
Celebration：How?
B．True
Friendship：What?
C．Living
Abroad：Comfortable
or
Complicated?
D．Change：Plan
It
or
Make
It?
答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者由于常年旅居在国外，对于庆祝新年和新年计划有着不同的思考：有朋友的地方就有家的感觉，变化着的生活不需要新年计划，故A项最适合作文章标题。
B
Trees,
some
of
the
tallest
in
the
world,
towered
above
Hannah
Griffiths
and
her
colleagues
each
morning
as
they
walked
deep
into
the
rainforest
in
the
Maliau
Basin
in
Borneo,
where
they
had
set
up
a
set
of
experiments
to
look
at
the
ecological
effects
of
small
creatures:
termites
(白蚁)．
Termites
get
a_bum_rap.
They
make
headlines
for
chewing
up
billions
of
dollars
of
property
each
year
in
the
US.
And
they
are
responsible
for
something
like
two
percent
of
global
carbon
emissions,
simply
as
a
result
of
their
huge
populations
and
preference
for
chewing
through
carbon?rich
materials.
A
whole
industry
is
aiming
at
killing
them.
But
they
play
a
key
role
in
many
natural
ecosystems.
Scientists
have
known
for
years
that
in
tropical
(热带的)
forests,
termites
chew
up
fallen
leaves
and
dead
wood,
keeping
the
fallen
material
under
control
and
letting
nutrients
from
the
dead
material
back
into
the
system
to
be
used
by
other
plants,
insects,
and
animals.
But
they
didn't
know
exactly
how
important
the
insects
were
in
keeping
the
forest
healthy
and
functional,
so
they
removed
termites
from
a
particular
spot
in
the
forest
and
saw
how
it
responded.
As
luck
would
have
it,
Hannah
Griffiths
and
her
colleagues
started
their
experiment
when
the
forest
was
hit
by
an
extreme
drought.
During
the
non?drought
years,
they
saw
there
wasn't
much
difference
between
the
normal
plots
and
the
ones
where
they'd
removed
the
termites.
But
during
the
drought,
the
effects
were
marked.
What
they
found
was
unexpected:
in
the
termite?rich
areas,
the
soil
stayed
slightly
wet,
more
tree
seedlings
sprouted
(抽芽),
and
the
system
was
full
of
activity
despite
the
long,
hard
dry
spell.
For
Griffiths,
it
was
only
because
they
happened
to
study
the
drought
that
they
could
pick
out
the
real
importance
of
termites
to
the
system,
she
points
out.
“And
that
rings
alarm
bells
in
my
head，”
she
says,
“because
it
makes
me
think,
well,
what
else
don't
we
know?
If
we
start
damaging
biological
communities,
we
don't
know
what
that
will
do.”
本文是一篇说明文。白蚁因每年在美国吞噬数十亿美元的房产而登上新闻头条，它们的碳排放量约占全球的2%。人们想要杀死它们。但是科学家做试验表明，白蚁对自然生态系统的作用是不可估量的。
5．Which
of
the
following
best
explains
“a
bum
rap”
underlined
in
Paragraph
2?
A．Unfair
blame.
B．Wide
popularity.
C．Public
attention.
D．Special
preference.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句和第三段第一句“But
they
play
a
key
role
in
many
natural
ecosystems”可知，白蚁因每年在美国吞噬数十亿美元的房产而登上新闻头条，人们想杀死它们，但它们在许多自然生态系统中发挥关键的作用，由此可推知，画线词所在句表示白蚁受到了不公平的责备。
6．What
have
scientists
learned
about
termites?
A．They
do
serious
harm
to
tropical
rainforests.
B．They
contribute
a
lot
to
the
ecosystem
they
live
in.
C．They
act
as
food
for
other
plants,
insects
and
animals.
D．They
speed
up
the
loss
of
nutrition
in
the
rainforest.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解，尤其是第二句中的“termites
chew
up
fallen
leaves
and
dead
wood,
keeping
the
fallen
material
under
control
and
letting
nutrients
from
the
dead
material
back
into
the
system
to
be
used
by
other
plants,
insects,
and
animals”可知，白蚁会啃食落叶和枯木，并让枯木中的营养物质重新进入生态系统，供其他植物、昆虫和动物使用。由此可知，科学家们已经知道白蚁对它们居住的生态系统贡献很大。
7．What
can
we
infer
from
the
finding
of
Griffiths'
experiment?
A．Termites
help
rainforests
survive
climate
change.
B．Termites
prefer
drought
years
to
non?drought
ones.
C．Termites
benefit
more
from
the
forest
during
the
drought.
D．Termites
enjoy
eating
tree
seedlings
during
the
drought.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“What
they
found
was...hard
dry
spell”可知，在白蚁密集的地区，土壤保持湿润，更多的树苗抽芽，生态系统在漫长干旱的时期充满活力。由此可推知，白蚁帮助雨林渡过气候变化。
8．What
does
Griffiths
tell
us
in
the
last
paragraph?
A．Termites
are
now
in
danger
of
extinction.
B．Termites
damage
biological
communities.
C．We
should
think
twice
before
damaging
a
species.
D．We
should
study
the
drought
to
improve
the
system.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段，尤其是“If
we
start
damaging
biological
communities,
we
don't
know
what
that
will
do”可知，如果我们开始破坏生物群落，我们不知道会发生什么，由此可推知，Griffiths在最后一段告诉我们在破坏一个物种之前，我们应该三思而后行。
Ⅱ.七选五
People
have
always
wanted
to
know
what
the
future
will
look
like.
Then,
how
can
we?
__1__
The
world
has
changed
a
lot
in
the
last
150
years,
but
we
humans
are
driven
by
the
same
basic
needs
as
we
were
150
years
ago,
such
as
food,
sleep,
the
feeling
of
being
appreciated
and
loved.
__2__
No.
In
addition,
generally
speaking,
the
inventions
for
the
last
150
years
have
been
a
human
effort
for
freedom
and
communication,
to
be
able
to
get
in
control
of
the
time
and
world.
Since
there
is
still
much
to
do
in
this
area,
this
will
be
the
focus
at
least
for
the
next
150
years.
But
why
do
we
need
to
predict
the
future?
Predicting
the
future
is
important
for
two
reasons:
First,
we
need
to
start
to
think
about
what
kind
of
future
we
would
like
for
ourselves
and
to
pass
on
to
the
next
generation.
__3__
How
about
the
virtual
worlds?
It
might
be
possible
in
the
future
to
experience
the
sand
between
your
toes,
and
hear
the
waves,
just
lying
in
your
bed
at
home.
__4__
So,
even
if
a
great
invention
is
there
for
an
affordable
price,
it'll
never
take
the
place
of
the
common
experience
if
it
is
not
real.
__5__
What
we'll
see
in
the
next
50
years
is
the
transition
(过渡)
from
an
oil?dependent
society
to
a
new
society.
Here
there'll
be
new
medicine,
continued
exploration
of
space,
challenges
in
the
climate
change,
and
new
inventions
that
make
life
a
little
easier.
A．Will
this
change
in
the
next
150
years?
B．So
what
will
the
future
look
like
then?
C．Predicting
the
future
can
help
us
in
many
ways.
D．Well,
to
understand
the
future,
you
must
know
the
past.
E．However,
you'll
never
get
the
feeling
of
being
there.
F．However,
no
matter
how
real
the
experience
will
feel,
it
doesn't
happen
for
real.
G．Then
we
need
to
know
what
decisions
we
need
to
make
today
that
will
give
the
best
result
in
the
future.
人们总想知道未来会是什么样子的，其实要想展望未来，必须了解过去。不管世界如何变化，人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和爱的感觉等不会改变，未来的虚拟世界也不会代替真实的世界。但是可以预知，未来五十年里，世界将从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会，人们的生活会更好。
1．D 解析：根据空处下文可知，在过去的150年里，世界发生了巨大的变化；结合空前一句可推知，空处承上启下，说明我们想要展望未来，就要了解过去，故D项符合语境。
2．A 解析：根据空前一句可知，在过去的150年里，人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和爱的感觉没有变化，结合空后的“No”可知，空处应是一个疑问句，并与空前一句讲人的基本需求相呼应，故A项与此处匹配。
3．G 解析：根据该段第二句可知，该段主要讲的是预知未来的两个原因，空前一句讲的是第一个原因，即需要思考自己想要的并传递给下一代的未来是什么样的；据此可知，空处陈述第二个原因，即需要知道做出怎样的决定才能给未来带来最好的结果，故G项正确。其中G项中的“Then
we
need
to”与空前一句中的“First,
we
need
to”相呼应。
4．F 解析：根据空后一句可知，即使一项重大发明的价格我们可以承受，但是虚拟体验绝不会代替真实体验，结合空处上文可推知，F项符合语境，衔接上下文。
5．B 解析：根据空处下文可知，该段介绍了对未来五十年的展望；从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会；未来的生活更好。故B项与此处匹配。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Many
athletes
have
been
told
that
smiling
while
__1__
(sweat)
will
make
their
efforts
feel
easier.
A
marathon
runner
smiled
widely
through
the
final
miles
of
his
fastest?ever
marathon;
afterward,
he
said
what
he
had
hoped
__2__
(be)
that
the
smiling
would
relax
him
to
the
finish
line.
But
there
has
been
little
solid
scientific
evidence
to
support
this
idea.
In
recent
years
several
studies
__3__
(examine)
whether
deliberately
smiling
can
make
changes
to
how
people
feel
psychologically
during
races.
__4__
few
have
looked
at
the
physical
effect
__5__
sports
performance.
Researchers
decided
__6__
(gather)
a
group
of
experienced
recreational
runners
and
have
them
alternately
smile
broadly
as
they
ran.
Many
of
the
runners
found
it
difficult
to
smile
throughout
the
whole
session,
though.
Their
smiles
became
__7__
(increase)
fixed
and
unnatural.
Such
false
smiles
make
__8__
(few)
facial
muscles
(肌肉)
start
working
than
the
sincere
version
and
most
likely
result
in
less
__9__
(relax)
and
performance
improvement.
So
the
key
to
using
a
happy
smile
to
make
you
__10__
better
runner
may
be
to
smile
sincerely
and
often
near
a
race's
end,
but
in
30?second
bursts,
rather
than
constantly.
文章主要介绍了运动时微笑的作用以及如何微笑效果更好。
1．sweating
解析：考查动名词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处与smiling为同时发生的动作，表示出着汗微笑着，故填sweating。
2．was
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，其主语为“what
he
had
hoped”，故谓语动词应用单数形式；且根据该句中的“said”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填was。
3．have_examined
解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语In
recent
years可知，应该用现在完成时，且主语“several
studies”为复数，故填have
examined。
4．But
解析：考查连词。根据空后的“few”可知，此处和前一句构成转折关系，故填But。
5．on
解析：考查介词。此处考查固定搭配effect
on
sth.“对……的影响”。
6．to_gather
解析：考查动词不定式。此处考查固定用法decide
to
do
sth.“决定做某事”，所以用to
gather。
7．increasingly
解析：考查副词。副词修饰形容词，故用副词increasingly修饰其后的“fixed
and
unnatural”。
8．fewer
解析：考查比较级。根据该句中的“than”可知，此处表示比较的含义，故用比较级fewer。
9．relaxation
解析：考查词形转换。由该空后的“and”可知，空处与名词词组performance
improvement并列，故填名词relaxation。
10．a
解析：考查冠词。此处表示使你成为一个更好的赛跑运动员，且better的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
