(共34张PPT)
英语·选修8
(人教版)
第三学时 Using
Language：
Reading，Listening
and
Speaking
语篇理解
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语
篇
理
解
Task
1
快速阅读课文“The
Feast：18000
BC”，以约30词写出文章的段落大意。
温馨提示：本文是记叙文，
写摘要时，要紧扣人物Lala的心情变化、事件的发生经过和节日的庆祝方式以及男女的分工合作等要素。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The
feast
of
18000
years
BC，shows
at
that
time
the
family
cooperated
well
and
united.
Men
hunted,
fished
and
made
tools
while
women
usually
cooked,
cared
for
children
and
made
clothes.(32
words)
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篇
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Task
2
仔细阅读“The
feast：18000
BC”，根据课文内容选择正确答案。
1．Lala
had
collected
some
nuts
and
fruit
for________．
A．her
husband B．her
sister
C．a
feast
D．her
family
2．At
that
time,
people
made
it
a
rule
to________．
A．separate
and
then
gather
together
again
as
they
followed
the
animal
herds
across
the
grassland
C
A
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B．choose
someone
as
his
future
wife
or
her
future
husband
C．invite
their
friends
and
neighbours
to
have
a
dinner
with
them
D．to
live
in
the
cave
to
prevent
themselves
from
being
attacked
by
wild
animals
3．The
underlined
word
in
the
sentence
“Lala
accelerated
her
walk
up
the
path
to
the
cave
fearing
that
there
might
be
wild
animals”
means“________”．
A.
stopped
B.
slowed
down
C.
sped
up
D.
hesitated
C
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4.
From
the
passage
we
can
infer
that
man
living
in
the
18，000
BC
always________．
A.
made
and
repaired
tools,
fished
and
hunted
animals
B.
cut
down
trees
C.
choose
women
as
their
wives
D.
brought
fish
home
for
dinner
A
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5．Which
of
the
following
can
be
used
to
describe
Lala?
A．Impatient.
B．Caring,
patient,
skillful,
affectionate
and
cooperative.
C．Dangerous.
D．Unskillful.
B
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Part
A Role
Play
情景介绍：Lucy和Anna看了一部有关远古人类家宴的电影，
她们在谈论这部影片的内容。
角色：Lucy
and
Anna
任务：(1)
请根据中文提示提出问题。
(2)
请你的同学根据课文内容回答你的提问，然后你们互换角色进行口语练习。
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Q1:
拉拉往回走时担心什么？
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Q2:
那时的家族成员之间有什么习俗？
________________________________________________________________________
Q1：What
was
Lala
worried
about
when
she
was
turning
for
home?
A1：She
was
worried
about
the
preparations
for
a
feast.
Q2：What
was
the
custom
of
family
groups?
A2：It
was
a
custom
of
family
groups
to
separate
and
then
gather
again
at
different
sites
for
reunions
as
they
followed
the
animal
herds
across
the
grassland.
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Q3：在去年，她和大胡之间发生了什么？
她自豪吗？
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Q4:
她为什么加快了回家的脚步？
________________________________________________________________________
Q3：What
happened
to
her
and
Dahu
last
year?
Was
she
proud?
A3：Last
year
Dahu
chose
Lala
as
the
future
mother
of
his
children
and
Lala
felt
very
proud
of
it.
Q4：Why
did
she
accelerate
her
walk
up
the
path
to
the
cave?
A4：Fearing
there
might
be
wild
animals,
Lala
accelerated
her
walk
up
the
path
to
the
cave.
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Q5:
她看到谁在帮忙准备家宴？
________________________________________________________________________
Q6：大胡带回了什么东西？
________________________________________________________________________
Q5：Whom
did
she
see
helping
with
the
feast?
A5：Lala
saw
her
mother
and
her
aunts
helping
them
with
the
feast.
Q6：What
did
Dahu
carry
back
home?
A6：Dahu
came
back
with
some
fish.
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Part
B Retelling
口
语
训
练
请用自己的话复述课文，
你可以参照上述问题及其答案。
关键词：
worry custom
reunion prepare choose
proud
separate gather accelerate arrest feast
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As
the
feast
was
approaching,
Lala
was
worried
about
the
preparations
for
the
feast
when
she
was
turning
for
home,
for
it
was
a
custom
of
family
groups
to
separate
and
then
gather
again
at
different
sites
for
reunions
as
they
followed
the
animal
herds
across
the
grassland.
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Last
year
Dahu
chose
Lala
as
the
future
mother
of
his
children
and
Lala
felt
very
proud
of
it.
Fearing
there
might
be
wild
animals,
Lala
accelerated
her
walk
up
the
path
to
the
cave.Suddenly,
a
delicious
smell
arrested
her
progress
when
she
almost
reached
her
destination,
and
Lala
could
see
her
mother
and
her
aunts
helping
them
with
the
feast.
Later
on,
Dahu
came
back
with
some
fish.
So
the
whole
family
could
enjoy
a
good
feast
at
that
time.
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要
点
讲
与
练
1.
If
only
she
had
looked
ahead
and
planned
better
this
year.(p.43)
她要是早有预见、计划就好了！
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词语链接
要
点
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与
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look
ahead
计划未来
look
after
照顾，照看
look
for
寻找
look
forward
to
盼望，期待
look
into
调查
look
like
看起来好像
look
through
翻阅，浏览
look
up
查阅，检查
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要
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与
练
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)_____________，
we
must
consider
all
the
equipment
in
the
company.
(2)The
Spring
Festival
is
coming.
All
the
children
in
the
village
______________________it
when
they
can
play
fireworks.
(3)You
needn't
worry
about
the
little
boy,
for
he
_________________________in
the
kindergarten
well
by
the
nurses.
To
look
ahead
are
looking
forward
to
is
being
looked
after
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(4)Many
people
enjoy
__________________the
windows
when
they
are
on
the
bus.
(5)While
coming
across
some
unknown
words,
you
may
________them
________in
the
dictionary.
(6)He
has
promised
__________the
matter
and
try
his
best
to
find
out
the
truth.
(7)
Considering
its
shape,
it
________a
round
basketball.
(8)The
young
men
are
still
in
the
forest____________
the
rare
plants.
looking
through
look
up
to
look
into
looks
like
looking
for
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2．She
had
felt
so
proud
as
the
group
shouted
loudly
to
applaud
his
choice.(p.43)
当族人为他的选择欢呼鼓掌时，拉拉感到很自豪。
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applause
n.
掌声
applaud
v.
鼓掌，称赞，赞成
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点
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与
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即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)
__________________(热烈的掌声)
showed
that
he
had
made
an
inspiring
speech.
(2)____________________(大家都鼓起掌来)
when
the
play
acted
by
Class
Twenty
ended.
(3)When
I
told
my
father
about
my
decision,
he
____________________________________________(赞同)
it
for
me.
The
loud
applause
Everyone
applauded
applauded
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3．She
had
almost
reached
her
destination
when
a
delicious
smell
arrested
her
progress
and
she
stopped.
(p.43)
快到目的地时，一阵香气扑鼻而来，
她不往前走了，停了下来。
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点
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与
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即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)After
two
hours，the
police
________________________________________________________________________(逮捕了凶手).
(2)The
moment
I
entered
the
house，a
picture
on
the
wall
immediately
________________________________________________________________________(引起了我的注意)．
arrested
the
murderer
arrested
my
attention
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(3)The
police
________________________________________________(逮捕了几个人)
the
day
before
yesterday.
(4)We
found
her
new
dress
________(引人注意)and
some
even
wanted
to
buy
the
same.
made
several
arrests/arrested
several
persons
arresting
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4．Lala
smiled
with
relief.(p.43)
拉拉宽慰地笑了。
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词语链接
relief
n.
(痛苦或忧虑)减轻或解除；
救济品；
减轻痛苦的事物
with
relief
宽慰地
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要
点
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与
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即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)The
doctor
told
him
the
medicine
would
_____________________________________________
(减轻他的一些痛苦)．
(2)The
government
immediately
sent
________(救济品)
to
the
people
in
the
disasterhit
area.
(3)It
is
really________(宽慰)
to
find
you
two
here.
give
him
some
relief
relief
a
relief
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(4)When
her
son
told
her
that
he
had
got
the
first
place
in
the
competition,
she
________________________________________________________________________(宽慰地笑了)．
smiled
with
relief
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5．exhausting
(p.44，Ex.3)
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exhausting
adj.
筋疲力尽的
exhaust
v.
使……筋疲力尽
exhausted
adj.
(感到)筋疲力尽的
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点
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与
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即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)Climbing
up
to
the
top
of
the
high
mountain
is
____________，
so
almost
everyone
was
________
when
reaching
the
top
of
it.
(2)I
________________(觉得筋疲力尽了)
after
spending
a
whole
day's
time
typing
the
articles.
(3)Both
the
man
and
his
little
son
_______________________________(感到筋疲力尽)
after
the
long
walk.
exhausting
exhausted
felt
exhausted
were
exhausted/worn
out/tired
out
语篇理解
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栏目链接(共35张PPT)
英语·选修8
(人教版)
第二学时 Learning
about
Language
要
点
讲与练
1．Can
you
think
of
the
alternatives
we
would
use
today?
(p.37)
你能想到我们今天也许用得上的替换物吗？
词语链接
要
点
讲与练
alternative
n.
替换物；选择的余地
alternatively
adv.
随便地，可选择地
program
alternative
方案抉择
have
no
alternative
but...
除……外别无选择；只有；只好
have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth.
除……外别无选择；只有；只好
即学即练
要
点
讲与练
完成下列句子。
(1)The
way
to
the
city
was
blocked,
so
we
had
to
go
there
_____________________(改道)．
(2)
If
you
want
to
be
admitted
to
a
key
university,
you
____________________________________________(别无选择，只能比以前更用功)．
by
an
alternative
road
will
have
no
alternative
but
to
work
much
harder
要
点
讲与练
2．You
must
be
aware
that
it's
here
that
we
found
evidence
of
some
of
the
earliest
people
who
lived
in
this
part
of
the
world.
(p.38)
想必你们知道，正是在这儿我们找到了居住在世界这个部分的最早人类的证据。
词语链接
要
点
讲与练
aware
adj.
意识到的；知道的
unaware
adj.
不知道的，
不清楚的
be/become
aware
of
sth.
知道；意识到
be
aware
that...
知道；意识到
即学即练
要
点
讲与练
完成下列句子。
(1)
Once
you
________________________________________________(意识到学习外语的重要性),
you
will
learn
it
more
actively.
(2)Though
most
smokers
______________________________________________
(知道吸烟的危害),
they
won't
give
it
up.
are
aware
of
the
importance
of
learning
a
foreign
language
are
aware
of
the
dangers
of
smoking
要
点
讲与练
3.
I'm
sorry
to
interrupt
you
but
how
could
they
live
here?
(p.38)
对不起，打断你的谈话。可是他们怎么能住在这种地方呢？
interrupt
v．打断；中断
The
First
World
War
interrupted
his
study
in
Germany.
要
点
讲与练
(His
study
in
Germany
was
interrupted
by
the
First
World
War.)
第一次世界大战中断了他在德国的学习。
The
loud
noise
from
her
neighbor's
interrupted
her
study.
邻居家传来的嘈杂声打扰了她的学习。
要
点
讲与练
4.
So
we
think
it
is
reasonable
to
assume
they
lived
in
these
caves，regardless
of
the
cold.
(p.38)
因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
词语链接
要
点
讲与练
assume
vt.
假设，设想，装作
assumption
n.
假定，假设
assumable
adj.假设的，可假定的
The
scientists
assume
that
there
are
living
things
on
the
Mars.
科学家们设想火星上有生物。
When
blamed
by
the
classmates,
she
assumed
a
look
of
innocence.
当同学们责备她时，她装出一副无辜的表情。
要
点
讲与练
regardless
of
不管；不顾
She
is
determined
to
go
to
study
abroad,
regardless
of
the
fact
that
her
family
is
not
rich.
尽管她家不富有，她还是决定到国外留学。
The
girl
decided
to
go
to
Africa
to
look
for
her
elder
sister，regardless
of
the
danger.
不管有多危险，这个女孩还是决定去非洲寻找她的姐姐。
要
点
讲与练
词语辨析：despite，in
spite
of
despite
虽然，尽管；不顾。语气较弱，多用于诗歌或正式的文体中。
Despite
the
fact
that
he
remained
weak
after
the
operation，Peter
went
to
Paris.
尽管手术后他还很虚弱，但彼德还是去了巴黎。
in
spite
of
虽然，尽管，不顾。多用于书面语，语气较重，表示不管遇到什么障碍、干扰和反对也坚持要干。
In
spite
of
all
his
efforts,
he
failed
in
his
college
entrance
examination.
尽管付出了努力，他高考还是失败了。
要
点
讲与练
温馨提示：
although,
though，as
也有“虽然，尽管；不顾”的意思，
但是它们后面一定要跟句子，不能跟短语。其中as
和though表“尽管”用于倒装句式中。in
spite
of,
regardless
of后只能接名词或短语。此外，although,
though不能和but连用。
Although
it
was
raining
heavily
outside,
the
woman
was
still
wandering
in
the
street,
looking
for
her
lost
son.
(＝Regardless
of
/In
spite
of/
Despite
the
heavy
rain,
the
woman
was
still
wandering
in
the
street,
searching
for
her
lost
son.)
Young
as/though
he
is,
he
knows
everything.
即学即练
要
点
讲与练
用regardless
of,
despite,
in
spite
of,
though,
although，as填空。
(1)____________
her
wealth
left
by
her
grandparents,
Mary
went
to
work
in
a
big
company.
(2)They
had
to
march
on
____________the
cold,
the
snow
and
the
strong
wind.
(3)_________________
he
has
tried
his
best,
he
failed
to
persuade
his
uncle
to
stop
smoking.
(4)Tired____________she
is,
she
still
goes
on
working
hard.
Regardless
of
in
spite
of
Although/Though
as/though
要
点
讲与练
5．That
would
have
kept
them
warm,
cooked
the
food
and
scared
wild
beasts
away
as
well.
(p.38)
他们用这火取暖、做饭，还能用火吓跑野兽。
would/might＋have
done想必，肯定是，表示假想的过去的动作或事情。
即学即练
要
点
讲与练
完成下列句子。
(1)John
___________________________________(可能知道真相)
but
refused
to
tell
us.
(2)The
animals
____________________________________________________(肯定可以过更好的生活)
if
people
had
paid
enough
attention
to
protecting
the
environment.
would/might
have
known
the
truth
would
have
lived
in
a
better
condition/may
have
lived
better
要
点
讲与练
6．It
seems
that
they
used
sharpened
stone
tools
to
cut
up
animals
and
remove
their
skin.(p.38)
看样子他们可能是用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮的。
要
点
讲与练
词语链接
cut
up切碎；
使……受苦，使……悲伤
cut
down缩短；改小；缩小；砍伐
cut
in
插嘴；打断；超车抢道
cut
off切断，阻断；使分离，使隔绝
cut
short中断，打断
cut
through穿过，挤进
要
点
讲与练
即学即练A
选用上述词语完成下列句子。
(1)
He
________
the
meat.
(2)
I
recommended
that
you
should
________
the
cost.
(3)
As
we
were
talking,
she
________
with
a
question.
(4)
He
_____________
a
forest
to
get
home.
cut
up
cut
down
cut
in
cut
through
要
点
讲与练
构词知识
“形容词
＋
en”构成动词。
sharp(尖的)
—sharpen(削尖)
soft
(软的)—soften(变软，软化)
short
(短的)—shorten(缩短，删减)
wide(宽的)
—widen(加宽，拓宽)
ripe(熟的)—ripen
(成熟)
sick(生病的)—sicken(生病)
weak(弱的)—weaken(削弱)
要
点
讲与练
即学即练B
完成下列句子。
(1)
We
plan
to
__________________(扩路)．
(2)
Please
________________________________________________________________________(将作文删短些).
It's
too
long.
(3)
They
picked
fruit
when
it
________(成熟)．
widen
the
road
shorten
your
composition
ripened
要
点
讲与练
7．After
that
they
would
rub
an
ample
amount
of
salt
into
the
skin
to
make
it
soft.(p.38)
然后，他们可能在兽皮上擦上大量的盐，使之变软。
要
点
讲与练
词语链接
ample
adj.
充裕的，
足够的
amply
adv.
充裕地，充足地
ampleness
n.
充足，充裕
ample
evidence
充分的证据
an
ample
reward
优厚的报酬
词语辨析：ample,
enough
两者都表示充足的、充裕的，
意思是“很多，
超过所需求的数量”，
但是后者比较常用。enough作定语时可以前置或后置，但是如果修饰形容词或副词时，
enough必须后置。
要
点
讲与练
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)We
have
________________________________________________________________________(充足的旅费).
(2)There
was
________________________________________________________________________(足够的时间)
to
get
to
the
airport.
ample/enough
money
for
the
journey
ample/enough
time
要
点
讲与练
(3)We
need
not
go
and
buy
food
today.
There
is
still
________
vegetables,
meat
and
drinks
in
the
refrigerator.
(4)He
has
money
________
to
buy
a
bigger
house
now.
(5)The
poor
old
man
was
not
strong
________
to
lift
such
a
heavy
box.
(6)He
spoke
slowly
________
but
I
still
could
not
catch
him.
enough
enough
enough
enough
要
点
讲与练
8．Yes
and
so
well
preserved.
(p.39)
是的，还保存得很好呢。
要
点
讲与练
词语链接
preserve
v.
保存，保护，收藏；
保持，维持
preservation
n.
保护；保存；维持
the
preservation
of
sth.
……的保护
preserve
sb.
from...
保护某人以免……
要
点
讲与练
即学即练
完成下列句子。
(1)People
used
to
________________________________________________________________________(保存肉和鱼)
in
salt.
(2)One
of
their
duties
is
________________________________________________________________________(维持公共秩序)．
preserve
meat
or
fish
to
preserve
public
order
要
点
讲与练
(3)The
association
was
set
up
to
________
endangered
animals
_____________extinction.
(4)The
focus
of
today
was
the
_____________
of
jobs.
preserve
preservation
from
要
点
讲与练
要
点
讲与练
即学即练
翻译下列句子，并分析其结构。
(1)
你必须记住，
当我们身处困境时，
是你的家长和老师给予我们勇气、信心和最大的帮助。
_________________________________
要
点
讲与练
(2)
那个男生在教室外一直读了两个小时的书，这当然会引起周围师生的关注。
___________________________(共21张PPT)
英语·选修8
(人教版)
第五学时 Writing
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
句
型累
积
1.
You
must
be
aware
that
it's
here
that
we
found
evidence
of
some
of
the
earliest
people
who
lived
in
this
part
of
the
world.
你们想必都清楚，正是在这个地方，我们找到了在世界上这个部分最早人类的证据。
It's
here
that...
正是在这儿……(强调句)
It's
here
that
I
first
met
Peter,
now
my
husband.
正是在这儿我遇见了彼得，我现在的丈夫。
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
句
型累
积
即学即练
将下列句子译成英语。
正是在这儿我们度过了五年快乐的时光。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It's
here
that
we
spent
five
years
happily
together.
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
句
型累
积
2.
It
seems
that
they
used
sharpened
stone
tools
to
cut
up
animals
and
remove
their
skin.
看样子他们是用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮。
It
seems
that...
看来……，
似乎……
It
seems
that
the
poor
young
man
can
do
nothing
but
wait.
看来这可怜的年轻人没有别的办法，只能等待。
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
句
型累
积
即学即练
将下列句子译成英语。
(1)看来他已经灰心了。
________________________________________________________________________.
(2)看来经理很了解她的员工。
________________________________________________________________________.
It
seems
that
he
has
lost
heart.
It
seems
that
the
manager
knows
all
her
clerks
well.
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
句
型累
积
3.
That's
why
they
are
called
hunters
and
gatherers.
这就是他们被称为猎人和采摘者的缘故。
That's
why...那就是……的原因
That's
why
he
decided
to
stay
in
London
and
refused
to
meet
Sue
again.
那就是他决定待在伦敦，不愿再见到Sue的原因。
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
句
型累
积
即学即练
将下列句子译成英语。
那就是他英语测试失败的缘故。
________________________________________________________________________
That's
why
he
failed
in
the
English
exam.
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
句
型累
积
4.
If
only
it
could
be
just
like
last
year.
要是能像去年那样就好了！
If
only...但愿……；要是……就好了(其后一般用虚拟语气)
If
only
sb.
did
sth.表示目前比较难实现的愿望
If
only
sb.had
done
sth.表示过去比较难实现的愿望
If
only
I
were
10
years
younger.
要是我年轻10岁就好了！
If
only
you
had
been
here
five
minutes
earlier.
要是你早到5分钟就好了！
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
句
型累
积
即学即练
将下列句子译成英语。
(1)但愿世界人民都摆脱饥饿、疾病的痛苦，过着宁静的生活。
________________________________________________________________________
(2)要是我能像鸟儿一样飞该多好啊！
________________________________________________________________________
If
only
people
all
over
the
world
could
avoid
suffering
from
hunger
and
diseases
and
lived
a
peaceful
life.
If
only
I
could
fly
like
a
bird!
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写
作
指
导
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写
作
指
导
描写考古发现
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写作指导
写
作
指
导
描写考古发现属于说明文的一种文体。描写考古发现的说明文除了具备一般说明文(事物的特征、外表形态、结构及用途)外，还要介绍考古发现的时间、地点、证据及形成的历史年代。一般可分为以下三部分：
1．介绍考古发现的时间、地点、证据及形成的历史年代。
2．重点描述考古发现的主要特点。
3．考古发现的意义。
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
即学即练
写
作
指
导
假如你是某博物馆的讲解员，请你根据下面所给信息用英语向外宾简单介绍“南海一号古沉船”的相关信息。
主要看点：南海一号古沉船(Nanhai
No.1
Sunken
Vessel)
存放地：广东省阳江市博物馆
沉船信息：
1．长30.4米，宽9.8米，是迄今世界上发现的最早，最大的古沉船。
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写
作
指
导
2．该船沉没于南宋时期。
3．于2009年8月开始挖掘，发现大量古文物。
意义：虽然很多细节问题尚不清楚，但该船为研究南宋文化提供了宝贵的资料。
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写
作
指
导
词汇铺路
把下列在写作中可能用到的短语翻译成英语。
1．迄今________
2．南宋________
3．挖掘________
4．大量古文物________
5．宝贵的资料________
6．长度________
7．宽度________
8．证实，确认________
9．为……人提供________
so
far/by
now/till
today
the
Southern
Song
Dynasty
excavation
a
lot
of
relics
some
important
and
valuable
materials
in
length
in
width
identify
provide
sb.
with
sth./provide
sth.
for
sb.
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写
作
指
导
句型搭桥
把下列在写作中可能用到的句子翻译成英语。
1．南海一号古沉船长30.4米，宽9.8米，是迄今世界上发现的最早，最大的古沉船。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nanhai
No.1
sunken
vessel
is
identified
to
be
30.4
meters
in
length
and
9.8
meters
in
width,
which
claims
to
be
the
earliest
and
the
biggest
ancient
shipwrecks
so
far
in
the
world.
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写
作
指
导
2．该船于2009年8月开始挖掘，发现大量文物。
_______________________________________________________________________
3．该船为研究南宋文化提供了宝贵的资料。
________________________________________________________________________
The
excavation
was
carried
out
in
August
2009
and
a
lot
of
relics
were
discovered
on
it.
The
vessel
provides
us
with
some
important
and
valuable
materials
which
can
be
used
to
study
the
culture
of
the
Southern
Song
Dynasty.
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写
作
指
导
连句成篇
请你根据词汇铺路和句型搭桥中的词汇和句子写出5句话的短文。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nanhai
No.1
sunken
vessel
is
laid
in
the
museum
of
Yangjiang
City,
Guangdong
Province.
Dating
back
to
the
Southern
Song
Dynasty,
it
is
the
major
focus
of
the
museum.And
the
vessel
is
identified
to
be
30.4
meters
in
length
and
9.8
meters
in
width,
which
claims
to
be
the
earliest
and
the
biggest
ancient
shipwreck
so
far
in
the
world
.
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接
写
作
指
导
It's
reported
that
the
excavation
about
it
was
carried
out
in
August
2009
and
a
lot
of
relics
were
discovered
on
it.
Although
the
details
of
the
whole
vessel
are
not
so
clear,
it
provides
us
with
some
important
and
valuable
materials
which
can
be
used
to
study
the
culture
of
the
Southern
Song
Dynasty.
句
型
积
累
语
篇
写
作
栏目链接(共11张PPT)
英语·选修8
(人教版)
第一学时 Reading
and
Comprehension
Task
1
语
篇
理
解
快速阅读课文“A
Visit
to
the
Zhoukoudian
Caves”，以约30词写出文章的段落大意。
温馨提示：本文属于记叙文文体，人物对话。写文本的summary时，要紧扣文章开头的背景介绍，以及英国学生在考古学家的指导下来周口店参观的目的、所感所获等要素。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Guided
by
an
archaeologist,
students
coming
from
England
with
curiosity
visited
the
Zhoukoudian
caves，from
where
they
knew
about
how
the
ancestors
made
a
living
and
what
they
wore.(29
words)
Task
2
语
篇
理
解
仔细阅读课文
“A
Visit
to
the
Zhoukoudian
Caves”，
根据课文内容选择正确答案。
1．Archaeologist
guess
there
were
people
living
in
the
Zhoukoudian
caves
because________．
A．they
have
found
the
bones
of
tigers
and
bears
there
B．they
have
discovered
a
needle
in
the
cave
C．they
have
found
human
and
animals
bones
in
those
caves
high
up
the
hill
as
well
as
tools
and
ornaments
C
语
篇
理
解
D．They
have
found
the
primitive
necklace
2．The
fireplaces
in
the
center
of
the
cave
suggests
that________．
A．Peking
Man
knew
how
to
make
fire
to
keep
them
warm,
cook
food
and
scare
animals
away,
too
B．Peking
Man
knew
how
to
make
fire
C．Peking
Man
was
very
clever
D．Peking
Man
used
something
to
make
fire
A
语
篇
理
解
3．The
needle
found
in
the
cave
indicates
that
Peking
Man________．
A．was
able
to
make
tool
at
that
time
B．was
able
to
repair
things
C．was
able
to
make
clothes
using
animals'skins
D．All
are
correct
4．The
primitive
necklace
suggests
that________．
A．early
people
exchanged
things
with
one
another
B．early
people
were
clever
enough
to
exchange
things
D
C
语
篇
理
解
C．there
was
trade
between
peoples
D．early
people
always
traded
their
things
with
others
5．The
main
idea
of
the
whole
passage
is
________．
A．an
archaeologist
showed
some
objects
to
the
students
from
France
B．an
archaeologist
showed
some
students
around
the
Zhoukoudian
Caves
C．evidence
of
some
of
the
earliest
people
living
in
the
cave
D．trade
between
early
peoples
B
Task
3
语
篇
理
解
再次阅读课文“A
Visit
to
the
Zhoukoudian
Caves”，完成下列表格。
Homes
Peking
man
lived
in
Zhoukoudian
Caves
made
of
1.________________，perhaps
with
2._______________to
keep
out
the
cold.
Tools
They
used
3.________that
were
made
of
4.________，sharpened
stone
tools
and
scraper
made
by
stones.
Dress
They
wore
clothes
from
animal
skins
and
they
also
wore
necklace
made
from
5.________or
animal
tooth.
rocks
and
trees
animal
skins
needles
bones
seashells
Task
4
语
篇
理
解
根据课文“A
Visit
to
the
Zhoukoudian
Caves”，在下文空格中填上恰当的词语，使文章连贯完整。
A
group
of
students
from
England
has
come
to
the
Zhoukoudian
Caves
for
a
visit.
An
archaeologist
1.____________(show)
them
around.
The
archaeologists
have
been
excavating
here
for
many
years.2.________finding
human
and
animal
bones
3.________those
caves
higher
up
the
hill
as
well
as
tools
and
ornaments,
they
think
it
reasonable
4.________
(assume)they
lived
in
these
caves,
is
showing
After
in
to
assume
语
篇
理
解
5.______________the
cold.
They
discovered
fireplaces
in
the
center
of
the
caves
6.________they
constructed
fires.
Some
evidence
suggests
that
7.________
ancestors
did
wear
clothes
8.________(make)
from
animal
skins.
The
archaeologist
also
shows
the
students
a
primitive
necklace
9.________
quite
well.
Indeed,
as
the
botanical
analysis
has
been
specially
showing
us,
all
the
fields
around
here
used
to
be
part
of
a
large
shallow
lake.
Perhaps
10.________was
trade
between
early
peoples
or
they
traveled
to
the
seaside
on
their
journeys.
regardless
of
where
our
made
preserved
there(共48张PPT)
英语·选修8
(人教版)
第四学时 Grammar
语
法
精
讲
动词的时态和语态
一、一般现在时的用法
语
法
精
讲
1．表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语有：
always，often，never，sometimes，every，per,
on
Sunday等。
I
leave
home
for
school
at
7
every
morning.
She
always
watches
TV
on
Sunday
evenings.
2．表示客观真理，客观存在、科学的事实。
The
earth
moves
around
the
sun.
Shanghai
lies
in
the
east
of
China.
语
法
精
讲
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语时态要用一般现在时。
Columbus
proved
that
the
earth
is
round.
3．表示格言或警句。
Pride
goes
before
a
fall.骄者必败。
Practice
makes
perfect.熟能生巧。
Hard
work
leads
to
success/Sussess
lies
in
hard
work.
4．现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I
don't
want
so
much.
语
法
精
讲
Mr.
Wang
writes
good
English
but
does
not
speak
well.
5．“be＋介词＋名词”结构，表示现在的状态，相当于现在进行时。
We
are
at
table.＝
We're
having
a
dinner.
二、一般过去时的用法
语
法
精
讲
1．一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday，last
week，an
hour
ago，the
other
day，in
1982
等。
Where
did
you
go
just
now?
2．表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
When
I
was
a
child，I
often
played
football
in
the
street.
语
法
精
讲
3．wish，wonder，think，hope
等用过去时，表试探性的询问、请求、建议等。
I
thought
you
might
have
some.
我以为你可能有一些。
比较：一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
Mr.Green
used
to
smoke.(格林先生以前抽烟)
Christine
was
an
invalid(虚弱)
all
her
life.
(她已不在人间)
语
法
精
讲
Christine
has
been
an
invalid
all
her
life.(她现在还活着)
Mrs.Darby
lived
in
Kentucky
for
seven
years.
(达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州)
Mrs.Darby
has
lived
in
Kentucky
for
seven
years.
(现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)
语
法
精
讲
三、一般将来时的用法
1．shall用于第一人称，
will
在陈述句中用于各人称。
Which
paragraph
shall
I
read
first?
Will
you
be
at
home
at
seven
this
evening?
2．“be
going＋不定式”，表示将来。
(1)主语的意图，即将做某事。
What
are
you
going
to
do
tomorrow?
(2)计划，安排要发生的事。
The
play
is
going
to
be
produced
next
month.
语
法
精
讲
(3)有迹象要发生的事。
Look
at
the
dark
clouds，there
is
going
to
be
a
storm.
3．“be＋不定式”表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
We
are
to
discuss
the
report
next
Saturday.
4．“be
about
＋不定式”，意为“马上做某事”。
He
is
about
to
leave
for
Beijing.
注意：be
about
to
不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用。
语
法
精
讲
be
going
to/will
用于条件句时，be
going
to表将来，
will表意愿。
If
you
are
going
to
make
a
journey，you'd
better
get
ready
for
it
as
soon
as
possible.
如果你要去旅游的话，最好尽快做准备。
Now
if
you
will
take
off
your
clothes，we
will
fit
the
new
clothes
on
you.
如果你愿意脱下衣服的话，我们将给你试穿新衣服。
语
法
精
讲
be
to/be
going
to：
be
to
表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。
be
going
to
表示主观的打算或计划。
I
am
to
play
football
tomorrow
afternoon.
(客观安排)
I'm
going
to
play
football
tomorrow
afternoon.(主观安排)
5．现在时表将来，常见的动词有want,
hope,
wish等
I
hope
to
be
admitted
to
a
key
university
in
2016.
Tomorrow
is
Friday.
语
法
精
讲
注意：(1)一般现在时表将来的用法。
①下列短暂性动词：come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return
的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
The
train
leaves
at
six
tomorrow
morning.
—When
does
the
bus
start?
—It
starts
in
ten
minutes.
②在时间或条件从句中。
When
Bill
comes，ask
him
to
wait
for
me.
I'll
write
to
you
as
soon
as
I
arrive
there.
语
法
精
讲
③在hope，take
care
that，make
sure
that等后。
I
hope
they
have
a
nice
time
next
week.
Make
sure
that
the
windows
are
closed
before
you
leave
the
room.
(2)用现在进行时表示将来，意为“意图”“打算”“安排”，常用于人。常用动词为come，go，start，arrive，leave，stay，die等。
I'm
leaving
tomorrow.
We're
flying
to
New
York
next
month.
I
hear
old
Brown
is
dying
soon.
语
法
精
讲
四、过去将来时的用法
过去将来时用来表示间接引用某人过去的话和想法，也表示过去某个习惯性的动作；在虚拟条件句中，表示非真实的动作或状态。有时还表示客气的请求或者说话者的某种愿望。
He
warned
us
that
the
trip
would
be
adventurous.(间接引语)
At
dusk，these
old
men
would
sit
in
rocking
chairs
and
chat
freely
and
happily.(过去的习惯动作)
语
法
精
讲
If
I
were
you，I
would
not
lose
this
good
chance.(虚拟语气)
Would
you
mind
helping
me
to
fetch
some
chalk
from
the
office?
I
would
like
a
cup
of
coffee，please.(客气的请求)
语
法
精
讲
五、现在完成时的用法
1．现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。
My
father
has
worked
in
this
university
for
twenty
years.
(＝My
father
began
to
work
in
this
university
twenty
years
ago，and
he
is
still
working
here.)
语
法
精
讲
2．用于现在完成时的句型。
(1)It
is
the
first/second
time...that...，结构中的从句部分的谓语用完成时。
It
is
the
first
time
that
I
have
visited
the
city.
It
was
the
third
time
that
the
boy
had
been
late.
(2)This
is
the...that...结构，that
从句要用现在完成时。
This
is
the
best
film
that
I've
(ever)
seen.
语
法
精
讲
3．比较since和for
:
since
用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间的长度。
I
have
lived
here
for
more
than
twenty
years.
I
have
lived
here
since
I
was
born.
I
have
known
Xiao
Li
since
she
was
a
little
girl.
My
brother
has
been
in
the
Youth
League
for
two
years.
4．since
的四种用法。
(1)since＋过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点，如1980，last
month，half
past
six)。
语
法
精
讲
I
have
been
here
since
1989.
(2)since＋一段时间＋
ago。
I
have
been
here
since
five
months
ago.
(3)since＋从句。
Great
changes
have
taken
place
since
you
left.
(4)It
is＋一段时间＋
since从句。
It
is
two
years
since
I
became
a
student
here.
It
is
five
weeks
since
he
was
married
to
her.
语
法
精
讲
现在完成时常用的信息词：so
far,
by
now,
over
time，since＋过去时间，since＋一段时间＋ago,
recently,
lately,
till
now,
in
the
past/last/recent＋时间名词，by
the
end
of＋现在时间。
语
法
精
讲
六、过去完成时的用法
1．概念：表示过去的过去，其构成是
“had＋过去分词”。
2．用法。
(1)在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句中。
She
said
(that)
she
had
never
been
to
Paris.
(2)在过去不同时间内发生的两个动作中，其中发生在先的动作用过去完成时；发生在后的，用一般过去时。
语
法
精
讲
Before/When
the
police
arrived，the
thieves
had
run
away.
(3)表示意向的动词，如hope，wish，expect，think，intend，mean，suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。
We
had
hoped
that
you
would
come，but
you
didn't.
3．过去完成时的时间状语：before，by，until，when，after，once，as
soon
as。
He
said
that
he
had
learned
some
English
before.
语
法
精
讲
By
the
time
he
was
twelve，Edison
had
begun
to
make
a
living
by
himself.
Tom
was
disappointed
that
most
of
the
guests
had
left
when
he
arrived
at
the
party.
The
students
were
writing
busily
when
Miss
Brown
went
to
get
a
book
she
had
left
in
the
office.
注意：用一般过去时代替完成时的用法：
(1)叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。
语
法
精
讲
Our
teacher
told
us
that
Columbus
discovered
America
in
1492.
(2)句中有
before，after时用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
He
(had)
studied
maths
from
his
brother
before
he
went
to
school.
After
he
(had)
finished
his
work，old
Tom
went
to
sleep.
语
法
精
讲
七、将来完成时的用法
1．构成：will
have
done
sth.。
2．概念。
(1)状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某时为止一直具有的状态。
(2)动作完成：表示将来某时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。
They
will
have
been
married
for
20
years
by
2013.
You
will
have
reached
Shanghai
by
this
time
tomorrow.
语
法
精
讲
八、现在进行时的用法
1．概念。
(1)表示现在正在进行的动作。
The
police
are
searching
the
forest
for
the
murderer.
(2)表示渐变，动词有get，grow，become，turn，run，go，begin等。
The
leaves
are
turning
red.
It's
getting
warmer
and
warmer.
语
法
精
讲
(3)与always，constantly，forever
等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
You
are
always
changing
your
mind.
2．注意以下动词不用进行时。
(1)事实状态的动词：have，belong，possess，cost，owe，exist，include，contain，matter，weigh，measure，continue。
I
have
two
brothers.
语
法
精
讲
This
house
belongs
to
my
sister.
(2)心理状态的动词：know，realize，think，see，believe，suppose，imagine，agree，recognize，remember，want，need，forget，perfect，mean，understand，love，hate。
I
need
your
help.
He
loves
her
very
much.
(3)瞬间动词：accept，receive，complete，finish，give，allow，decide，refuse。
语
法
精
讲
I
accept
your
advice.
(4)系动词：seem，remain，lie，see，hear，smell，feel，taste，get，become，turn。
You
seem
a
little
tired.
语
法
精
讲
九、过去进行时的用法
1．概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2．过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个动作发生的时候，另一个动作正在发生。
3．常用的时间状语：this
morning，the
whole
morning，all
day
yesterday，from
nine
to
ten
yesterday
evening，when，while。
It
was
raining
when
they
left
the
station.
When
I
got
to
the
top
of
the
mountain，the
sun
was
shining.
语
法
精
讲
十、现在完成进行时
1．概念：表示一个动作从过去开始，到现在仍在进行中。
2．结构：have/has
been
doing。
I
have_been_working
for
two
hours,
that's
why
I'm
so
exhausted.
语
法
精
讲
十一、时态注意事项
1．一般现在时代替将来时(见一般现在时的用法)。
2．一般现在时代替过去时。
(1)“书上说”“报纸上说”等。
The
newspaper
says
that
it's
going
to
be
cold
tomorrow.
报纸上说明天会很冷的。
(2)叙述往事，使其生动。
Napoleon's
army
now
advances
and
the
great
battle
begins.
3.
现在进行时代替将来时(见现在进行时的用法)。
语
法
精
讲
十二、动词的语态
1．主动语态与被动语态。
(1)当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式叫主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语用被动语态。被动语态由助动词“be＋过去分词”构成，时态通过be表现出来。
Everyone
is_required
to
be
quiet
in
the
reading－room.
After
the
storm，all
the
crops
were_destroyed
in
my
home
country.
语
法
精
讲
The
problem
will_be_discussed
at
the
meeting
tomorrow.
A
new
highway
is_being_built
in
Guangzhou.
The
new
tool
was_being_made
in
the
town
at
that
time.
The
floor
has_been_washed．
They
told
me
that
the
project
had_been_completed．
The
boss
said
that
more
good
products
would_be_produced
in
his
factory.
语
法
精
讲
(2)情态动词的被动结构：情态动词(情态动词词组)＋be＋过去分词。常见的情态动词的被动结构有：have/has/had
to
be
done，ought
to
be
done，be
supposed
to
be
done。
Such
accidents
must_be_prevented
from
happening
again.
Measures
should_be_taken
to
stop
people
smoking
in
public
places.
语
法
精
讲
(3)带不定式的被动结构：to
be
done。
Babies
need_to_be_taken
good
care
of.
The
exam
paper
is_going_to_be_corrected．
(4)短语动词的被动结构。
A
new
law
has_been_carried
out
to
protect
the
wild
animals
and
plants
here.
The
sports
meeting
was_put_off
until
next
week.
语
法
精
讲
注意：用于这类被动结构的短语动词要把它们作为整体看待，即要把它们看作一个及物动词。这类动词常用的有：
①agree
to，ask
for，call
for，laugh
at，listen
to，look
after，operate
on，send
for，talk
about，think
of.
②bring
about，carry
out，find
out，give
up，hand
in，make
out，pass
on，point
out，put
away，put
off，take
up，think
over，turn
down，turn
on，wipe
out，work
out.
语
法
精
讲
③do
away
with，face
up
to，give
in
to，look
down
upon，make
up
for，put
up
with.
④catch
sight
of，keep
an
eye
on，make
use
of，make
a
fool
of，pay
attention
to，put
an
end
to，set
fire
to，take
care
of，take
hold
of，take
notice
of.
However，she
was_turned_down
by
them.
Patients
will_be_looked_after
well
here.
Attention
should_be_paid_to
your
pronunciation.
Time
should_be_made_good_use
of
by
each
student.
语
法
精
讲
2．主动形式表被动意义。
(1)当某物充当主语时，有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意思。常用的动词有sell，read，feel，write，wear，wash，open，clean，cook，keep，cut，fill，blow，measure，lock,
run，record，begin，shut等。
All
the
machines
run
well.
Class
begins
at
eight
in
the
morning.
Your
composition
reads
well.
This
pen
writes
smoothly.
语
法
精
讲
This
coat
wears
well.
As
we
all
know，her
books
doesn't
sell
well
at
present.
(2)表示状态特征的连系动词，
如：look，smell，taste，sound，feel，prove，appear，seem等的主动形式表被动意思。
What
he
said
proved
to
be
correct.
Cotton
feels
soft.
The
roses
smell
sweet.
Good
medicine
tastes
bitter.
语
法
精
讲
His
sentence
doesn't
sound
right.
The
lecture
seemed
endless.
(3)在“be＋介词＋名词”结构中，常用主动形式表达被动含义。
The
road
is
under
repair.(＝The
road
is
being
repaired.)
The
question
is
under
discussion.(＝The
question
is
being
discussed.)
(4)某些动词以物作主语时，其进行时也可表示被动意义。
语
法
精
讲
The
dinner
is
cooking.
The
book
is
printing.
The
house
is
still
building.
Preparations
are
making.
(5)不定式的主动意思表被动的含义。
①不定式作定语用时。
I
can't
go
to
the
theatre
with
you，for
I
have
too
much
homework
to
do.
I
will
give
her
something
to
read.
语
法
精
讲
②在形容词后作状语的不定式说明句中在哪个方面存在形容词所表示的情况，且与句中主语构成动宾关系时，可用主动形式表被动意义。常见的形容词：easy，difficult，comfortable，dangerous，hard，heavy，impossible。
The
question
he
asked
is
hard
to
answer.
The
chair
is
comfortable
to
sit
on.
It
is
dangerous
to
go
out
alone
at
night.
His
telephone
number
is
easy
to
remember.
The
man
was
once
very
difficult
to
deal
with.
语
法
精
讲
③在There
be句型中，两种形式都可以用。
There
are
many
questions
to
discuss/to
be
discussed.
There
is
nothing
to
do/to
be
done.
(6)need，want，require，deserve，be
worth＋doing用主动形式表示被动意义。
The
watch
needs
repairing.(to
be
repaired)
The
floor
wants
washing.
The
book
is
worth
reading
a
second
time.
语
法
精
讲
(7)“be
to
blame”表示主动。
No
one
is
to
blame
for
the
accident.
