牛津译林版英语八年级上Unit 1 Friends Grammar：Comparative and superlative adjectives 课件（45张PPT无素材）

(共45张PPT)
8A Unit 1 Friends
Grammar
Alice
Alice is my good friend. She is 1.58 metres tall. She has ____ (big, small) eyes and _______ (long, short) hair.
Try to describe
Try to describe
I’m Lucy. This is me. I am 1.60 metres tall. I have _______ (big, small) eyes and ______ (long, short) hair.
Lucy
Name Height Eyes Hair
Alice 1.58m big long
Lucy 1.60m small short
Alice is shorter than Lucy.
Lucy is taller than Alice.
Alice’s eyes are bigger than Lucy’s.
Lucy’s eyes are smaller than Alice’s.
Alice’s hair is longer than Lucy’s.
Lucy’s hair is shorter than Alice’s.
Try to compare
is shorter than .
is taller than .
is bigger than .
is smaller than .
is longer than .
is shorter than .
Rules
☆ than
A
A
A
A
B
☆ two people or things
☆ adj.-er
B
B
B
B
B
A
A
We use comparatives + than to compare two people or things.
A adj.-er + than B
Try to work
out the rule
comparative
Try to compare
short long heavy slim light
happy big small nice cheap
These can help you
short-shorter long-longer light-lighter
small-smaller cheap-cheaper
nice-nicer
happy-happier heavy-heavier
big-bigger slim-slimmer
short adjectives
A adj.-er + than B
adjectives with one or two syllables
comparative
short-shorter long-longer light-lighter
small-smaller cheap-cheaper
nice-nicer
happy-happier heavy-heavier
big-bigger slim-slimmer
Try to find
Can you find the rules
short adjectives ending with e + -r
short adjectives ending with a
consonant+y + -ier
most short adjectives + -er
short adjectives
short adjectives ending with a vowel + a consonant
double the consonant + -er
comparative
Try to change
Adjective Comparative
big
sweet
happy
cute
fine
sad
slow
lazy
kind
slim
short adjectives
bigger
sweeter
happier
cuter
finer
sadder
slower
lazier
kinder
slimmer
comparative
Try to think
short adjectives
long adjectives
adjectives with one or two syllables
adjectives with three or more syllables
eg. interesting, expensive, beautiful …
Can you list other long adjectives
comparative
Try to conclude
long adjectives
My book is more interesting than his.
The red bag is more expensive than the yellow one.
Jim’s drawing is more beautiful than John’s.
more + long adjectives
comparative
Irregular adjectives
good —
bad —
many —
…
better
worse
more
…
replace the word
Let’s enjoy
Three Little Pigs
house of bricks
house of wood
house of hay
The first little pig
The second little pig
The third little pig
Try to compare
The house of wood is ________ than the house of hay.
The house of bricks is ________ than the house of wood.
The house of wood is _____________ than the house of hay.
The house of bricks is ________________ of the three houses.
stronger
stronger
The house of bricks is ___________ of the three houses.
the strongest
more beautiful
the most beautiful
The house of bricks is _____________ than the house of wood.
more beautiful
（strong）
(beautiful)
Try to compare
The house of wood is better than the house of hay.
The house of hay is good.
The house of bricks is __________ of all.
the best
Can you compare these things
50kg
100kg
200kg
50kg
200kg
400kg
The first box is______.
The second box is ______ than the first one.
The third box is ___________of all.
heavy
heavier
the heaviest
The first bag is very nice.
The second bag is _____than the first one.
The third bag is ________ of all.
nicer
the nicest
The first kite is good.
The second kite is __________ the first one.
The third kite is ___________ of the three.
better than
the best
Work out the rules
Comparing 2 things, we use comparatives, and we put ‘than’ _____ the comparatives.
Comparing 3or more than 3 things, we can use superlatives, and we can put ‘the’ _____ the superlatives.
before
after
e.g. Simon is taller than Kitty.
He is the tallest boy of the three.
Rules
☆ the + superlatives
☆ three or more people or things
☆ adj.-est/ most + adj./ replace the adj.
We use the + superlatives to compare three or more people or things.
Try to conclude
superlative
The house of bricks is the strongest of the three houses.
The house of bricks is the best of all.
This is the most expensive computer in the shop.
_______________ is the longest wall in the world.
___________ is the heaviest animal on land.
Yao Ming is ___________ basketball player in China.
Heilongjiang is ____________ province
in China in winter.
The Great Wall
The elephant
Try to guess
superlative
the tallest
the coldest
Summary
comparative
We use comparatives + than to compare two people or things.
A comparatives + than B
We use the + superlatives to compare three or more people or things.
A is the superlatives + in …
*
long adjectives
Irregular adjectives
short adjectives
replace the word
more/most + long adjectives
most adjectives + -er/-est
ending with -e + -r/-st
ending with a consonant + -y -ier/-iest
ending with a vowel + a consonant
double the consonant + -er/-est
原级 比较级 最高级
good,well better best
bad,ill worse worst
many,much more most
little less least
old elder,older eldest,oldest
far farther,further farthest,furthest
记忆口诀：合二为一共三对，“坏”“病”“两多”并“两好”。
一分为二有两个，一是“远”来二是“老”。
还有一词含双义，只记“少”来不记“小”。
Try to change
Adjective Comparative Superlative Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
clean thin
short sad
cute difficult
happy interesting
lazy good
big bad
We can add -er, -est or more, most to the following adjectives with two syllables.
clever handsome polite simple stupid
Tip
cleaner
shorter
cleanest
thinner
thinnest
shortest
cuter
happier
lazier
cutest
happiest
laziest
sadder
saddest
more ~
most ~
more ~
most ~
better
best
bigger
biggest
worst
worse
A class profile
Height (cm) 157 170 160 173 171
Weight (kg) 45 50 44 55 53
50m swimming (sec.) 40 38 30 34 35
Drawing competition 9/10 10/10 9/10 5/10 8/10
English test 10/10 8/10 9/10 6/10 7/10
1. Simon is __________ (tall) Sandy.
2. Peter is ___________ (tall) of the six students.
3. Sandy is ___________ (heavy) Millie.
4. Peter is ____________ (heavy) of the six students.
5. Among the six students, Millie is _________ (slow) swimmer.
6. Amy is _____________ (fast) swimmer of the six students.
taller than
heavier than
the tallest
the heaviest
the slowest
the fastest
A class profile
Height (cm) 157 170 160 173 171
Weight (kg) 45 50 44 55 53
50m swimming (sec.) 40 38 30 34 35
Drawing competition 9/10 10/10 9/10 5/10 8/10
English test 10/10 8/10 9/10 6/10 7/10
7. Millie’s drawing is _________________ (beautiful) Peter’s.
8. Sandy’s drawing is _______________ (beautiful) in her class.
9. Millie’s English is ______________ (good) Simon’s. Millie’s
English is _____________ (good) in her class.
more beautiful than
the most beautiful
better than
the best
adj.比较级用法　
1. 表一方超过另一方用“比较级 + than…”
2. 表一方随另一方变化而变化(越……, 越……):
“the +比较级 (+主 +谓),the+比较级 (+主 +谓)”
eg. 1) 越高越坏。
2) 越晚越危险。
The higher, the worse.
The later, the more dangerous.
adj.比较级用法　
3. 表本身程度变化(越来越……):
比较级+and +比较级
eg. 1) 他的鞋子越来越脏。
2) 衣服越来越贵。
3) 她们跳得越来越美。
His shoes are dirtier and dirtier.
more +and more+原级
只用于以“more”构成比较级的词　
Clothes are more and more expensive.
They dance more and more beautifully.
adj.比较级用法　
4. “the + 比较级 + of 两者” 　
　　　　　　　　表示“在两者中较…”
eg. Lily is ___________ (short) of the
two girls.
the shorter
5. 为免重复，在than后常用one(s), that, those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
eg. The weather there is better than _____ in Nanjing.
A. one B. it C. that D. those
adj.比较级用法　
6. 在比较级前可用much,even,still,far, a little, a lot,no,any等来修饰
eg. Now the air in our hometown is _______ than it was before.
A. much better B. more worse
C. more better D. much worst
eg. He ran even ____________ (happy ) at that time.
more happily
adj.比较级用法　
7. 同义句：
　比较级+than any other +单数名词
=比较级+than the other +复数名词
=最高级+范围
eg. Spring is the best season of the year.
=Spring is better ______ ______ _______ season of the year.
=Spring is better ______ _____ _______ seasons of the year.
than
any
other
than
the
other
最高级/比较级/同级比较的相互转换：
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
=Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
=Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.
Lucy is the most interesting student in our class.
=Lucy is more interesting than any other student in our class.
=Lucy is more interesting than the other students in our class.
adj.最高级用法　
1.三者或以上相比, 表示最高程度用 “the + 最高级”
adv.最高级可省略the
**最高级后常有介词短语(of/among/in …) 来表示范围。
adj.最高级也可用one’s替代the
adj.最高级用法　
2. one of +the +最高级+复数名词
表示“最…之一”
eg. The hair clip is one of _______________ (pretty) among those ones.
He was one of _______________(fast) _____________(swim) of all.
the prettiest
the fastest
swimmers
eg. Huanghe is shorter than Changjiang, but longer than the other rivers in China.
=Huanghe is ______ _______ ________ river in China.
adj.最高级用法　
3. the second/third/fourth…+最高级
表示“第几……”
eg. Millie is the third _________(tall) in her class.
tallest
the
second
longest
adj.最高级用法　
4. 下列情形中形容词最高级前不用加定冠词the
a. 形容词最高级作表语，无一定范围或只用来与自身比较。e.g:
The rver is deepest at this point. 这条河此处最深。
b. 形容词最高级用来加强语气，意为“非常，极其”时，有时可用不定冠词。
e.g:He is a most learned man. 他是一个学识非常渊博的人。
c. 形容词最高级前可用物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等作定语。
e.g:Amy's greatest wish is to be a singer. 艾米最大的愿望是当一名歌手。
d. 当两个形容词最高级同时修饰一个名词时，后一个形容词最高级前要省略
the。
e.g:John is the youngest but tallest boy in our class.
1. 最高级用于三者及三者以上。
2. 形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the。
3. in+范围、of/ among+同范畴的词
in my school ,in the world,
of the three. among all the boys
He is the tallest in the class.
She is the best of all the students.
1. 修饰原级：
very, quite, so, such, much too, too
2. 修饰比较级：
much, far, even, too much, a little, a bit
3. 易混淆的两个句型：
He is the tallest (tall) of the 3 students.
He is the taller (tall) of the 2 students.
4. 重要的句型转换：
He is the tallest in our class.
He is taller than anyone else in our class.
any other student in our class.
(all) the other students in our class.
No one else is taller than him in our class.
5. 易混淆的：
● Wuhan is bigger than ________ city in China.
● Wuhan is bigger than _____ city in Jiangsu.
A. all the other B. any C. other D. any other
6. one of + the + 最高级 + 名词复数形式
● Changjiang is one of the longest rivers in China.
any other
any
写出下列词的比较级和最高级并朗读：
slim
tired
young
ill
little
pretty
slimmer slimmest
more tired most tired
younger youngest
worse worst
less least
prettier prettiest
1.The sun is __________ (big) than the earth.
2.Which one is ________ (heavy) ,this box or that one
3.Who is ________ (tall), Pingping or Yangyang
4.The moon looks __________ (bright) and __________ (round) than usual on Mid-autumn Day.
5. In our class, Pingping is the ________ (tall).
6.Helen’s coat is the _________ (nice) of the three coats.
7. Lily is the _______ (old ) of the three.
bigger
heavier
taller
brighter
rounder
tallest
nicest
oldest
8.Computers are very popular now
and they are much _________ (cheap) than before.
9.The ____________ (careful) we are,
the ________ (few) mistakes we will make.
10 He feels even _________ (ill) today.
11.What’s the _______(high) of the mountain
It looks so high.
cheaper
more careful
fewer
worse
height
( ) 1. My mother is _______ in our family.
A. busiest B. the busiest C. busier D. busy
( ) 2. This apple is _______ of all.
A. redder B. the redest C. the reddest D. reddest
( ) 3.Which pen is _______ , this one or that one
A. dear B. dearest C. the dearest D. dearer
( ) 4. Kate is ______ than all the other girls. She is _______ of all.
A. taller , tallest B. taller , the tallest
C. the tallest , tallest D. tallest , the tallest
( ) 5. _______ of the two men is my uncle.
A. The older B. Old C. The oldest D. Oldest
B
C
D
B
A
Multiple Choice
格林先生是这四个人当中最高最胖的。
Mr. Green is ________ and ______________.
2. 小香蕉往往比大香蕉好。
Small bananas are often _________________.
3. 我的画是绘画比赛中最美的。
My drawing is ______________________.
the tallest
fattest of the four
better than big ones
the most beautiful in the drawing competition
Translation
My drawing is more beautiful than any other drawing in the drawing competition.
My drawing is more beautiful than all the other drawings in the drawing competition.
Group work
1. Four students are in a group. Fill in the table.
2. Make a report about your group.
Name
Age
Height (cm)
Weight (kg)
…
Hello, my dear classmates. This is our group.
A：I’m xxx. I am … than xxx.
B: I’m xxx. I’m the … in our group.
C: xxx is my friend. He …
D: …
superlative
comparative
Homework
Read the words on P11 and remember the rules of
comparative and superlative adjectives.
2. Write a short passage to introduce your family.
(Please use some comparative and superlative
adjectives.)
comparative
superlative