Unit 3 Our Hobbies Topic 3 What were you doing at this time yesterday知识点讲义+练习（附答案）

同步知识点讲义和练习
1、The telephone rings while Jane is practicing the violin.简在练习小提琴的时候，电话铃响了。
While在此意为“当...的时候，与...同时”，引导时间状语从句。从句中要用延续性动词。
辨析：我出门不在时，有人破门而入。
误：Somebody broke in while I went out.
正：Somebody broke in while I was out.
比较：when 和while的用法
联系：
when和while在句中充当连词，引导时间状语从句时，都译为“当......的时候”，两者都表示主句动作与从句动作同时发生。
区别：
①when是at or during the time that, 既可以表示一个时间点（when引导的从句中谓语动词用非延续性动词），也可以表示一段时间（when引导的从句中谓语动词用延续性动词）。
表示时间点时，从句用一般过去时或一般现在时；表示时间段时，从句用进行时态。
主从句所述动作、事情可同时发生，也可有先后。
我们到达那里时正在下雪。When we __________there,it was snowing.（同时） got
他做完工作就回家了。He went home _________ he _________ his work.(表示动作的先后）when finished
②while是during the time that，只指一段时间，即while引导的从句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词，也就是从句用进行时态。
主从句中两个延续性动作同时发生。
爸爸看电视的时候妈妈在做饭。Mother was cooking while father was watching TV.
因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
e.g.While/When I was having supper,someone knocked at the door.(was having supper为一个时间段，have为延续性动词)
When you leave the room,please turn off the lights.(leave为非延续性动词，因此从句不能用while引导)
2、What were you doing at this time yesterday?昨天这个时候你在干什么？
--What are you doing?--We are having classes.
--What were you doing at this time yesterday?--We were having classes.
过去进行时
定义
过去进行时：表示过去某一具体时刻或过去某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。
常与then，at this time yesterday,at that time,at nine o’clock yesterday,at that moment,that week（那周）,those days（那些天）,from seven to nine last night,all day yesterday等时间状语连用，或者用另一动作来表示过去的时间。
可以从两个方面来理解：
1?过去某一具体时刻正在发生或进行的动作。
e.g．?They?were?playing?football?at?ten?o’clock?yesterday?morning．??
My?mother?was?cooking?when?I?got?home．?
I?was?washing?my?clothes?at?this?time?yesterday．?
?2?过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作作
e.g. They were playing basketball from seven to nine yesterday morning.
It was raining all day yesterday.昨天下了一整天雨。
注意：yesterday与last night既可用于一般过去时也可用于过去进行时，要根据上下文情境进行判断。如：
He was reading books last night.昨晚他（一直）在读书。
He read books last night.昨晚他看书了。
构成
过去进行时由be动词的过去式was/were加动词现在分词构成，即“was/were +doing (现在分词）”。
基本句型结构
?肯定形式：主语?+ was/were + 动词的现在分词v.ing.+...
?否定形式：主语?+?was/were +?not + 动词现在分词?v.ing.?+...
?疑问形式：Was/Were?+ 主语 +动词现在分词?v.ing.?+...
肯定回答：Yes,主语(人称代词)+ Was/Were.
否定回答：No,主语(人称代词)+ Wasn’t/Weren’t.
e.g. Were you playing computer games?
Were you reading newspapers when I called you last night?
练习：1.Were they doing (do)their homework then?Yes,they were./No,they weren’t.
2.A: What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday ?
B: I was learning English（learn）.Were you playing (play)computer games?
A: Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
翻译：Weren’t you playing computer games?_______________________________________
They were playing basketball at four o’clock yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午4点他们在打篮球。
We were working from seven to eleven last night. 我们昨晚从七点工作到九点。
填空：
１．______ they______ （feed） the animals at 5：00 yesterday afternoon?
２．Mrs．Green _____　_____ （not wash） clothes at this time yesterday．
３．Grandpa ______　______ （mend） his clock when I reached home．
答案：1 were feeding　 2 wasn’t washing　　3 was mending　
现在分词的构成规则：
规律总结 例　词
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加-ing.
make→making
have→having
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，要双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing. swim→swimming
run→running
以-ie结尾的动词, 变ie为y, 再加-ing lie→lying
tie→tying
die→dying
大多数动词直接在词尾加-ing.
play→playing
sing→singing
注意：1、如果以e结尾的单词发音，则不能去掉e，直接在词尾加-ing,如：see-seeing;agree-agreeing
初中阶段常见的需要双写最后一个辅音字母变现在分词的动词有: shop, stop, drop, run, get, sit, dig, put, begin, swim, chat, prefer, hit,let,babysit。
练习：
carry catch drink enjoy hurry
carrying catching drinking enjoying hurrying
come chat stop ride write
coming chatting stopping riding writing
hit let put shop begin
hitting letting putting shopping beginning
（四）用法
　　?? 1、表示过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening等。
　e.g.We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。　　??????
　　 What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
　　 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。　
　　 It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
　　2、表示在过去某个时间点正在发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语或从句来表示。
e.g. What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)
　　When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when引导的从句表示时间点)
　　3、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时,连词常用while。
e.g. While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
　　　　他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)
　　　He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
　　　　他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
4、在英语中，当两个动作在过去某时间同时发生时，通常动作持续时间较长的动词用过去进行时，表示另一动作发生的背景；而另一动词则用一般过去时，表示动作发生的事实。
e.g. The teacher came in when we were talking aloud.
When I was watching TV this morning,the telephone rang.
练习：
【温馨提示】
(1)表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻同时进行, 不考虑动作的先后顺序, 主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时, 连词常用while。例如:
The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework.
学生们在看书, 而老师在批改他们的家庭作业。
(2)在含有时间状语从句的复合句中, 延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时, 另一个短暂性动作用一般过去时。例如:
My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park. 在公园散步的时候, 我的钢笔掉到地上了。
5、过去进行时和always，constantly(不断地),continually(频繁地),forever,all the time,repeatedly等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用时，蕴含较强的感彩，此时的进行时态已不强调动作正在进行。
翻译：She was always thinking of others.她老是想到别人。(表示赞扬)
He is forever going on line.他总是爱上网。(表示不满)
6、通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。
感官动词：hear,see,notice,feel,taste……
　　表示态度感情的动词：like,love,hate……
　　表心理状态：feel,want,prefer……
　　表占有：own,have,……
　　表存在状态和持续：look,owe,be……
　e.g.　误：I was knowing the answer.
　　　 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
判断正误：
　　　 误：I wasn't understanding him.
　　　 正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
(五）做题时常见错误如下：
1、易把be＋现在分词记成be＋过去分词
例：He was talked （talk） to his mum at that time．
答案：was talking
解析：过去进行时与现在进行时结构上的区别体现在be动词上。
2、丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词
例：（1）I watching （watch） TV when he came in．
　　（2）They were play （play） games at 5：00 p．m． yesterday．
答案：（1）was watching　 （2）were playing
解析：现在进行时中“be＋现在分词，缺一不可”的规律也可应用于过去进行时。
3、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing
例：We were flying kites at 5：00 p．m．yesterday． （对划线部分提问）
　　What were you at 5：00 p．m．yesterday?
答案：What were you doing at 5：00 p．m．yesterday?
解析：现在进行时中“What……doing……”?句式同样适用于过去进行时。
4、易与现在进行时弄混
例：My mother is cooking （cook）when I got home．
答案：was cooking
解析：这两种时态的共同点是都表示动作正在进行，但现在进行时前提是现在，而过去进行时前提是过去，由when I got home可看出前提是过去。
5、易与一般过去时弄混
例：昨晚我在读一本故事书。I read （read） a story book yesterday evening．
答案：was reading
解析：这两种时态的共同点是都用于表示过去发生的动作。但过去进行时强调动作正在进行，而一般过去时则表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，它表示的动作往往已经完成。“在”说明正在进行，而“I read a story book yesterday evening．”的意思是昨晚我读了一本故事书，言下之意已经读完了。故用过去进行时。
另外，在宾语从句中当主句为过去时，从句若是现在进行时，需变成过去进行时。
e．g． He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday．
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别：
1、过去进行时表示过去某时间正在进行或持续的动作，强调过程，不一定完成；
一般过去时往往表示过去某一动作已经完成。
e.g.The children were watching TV yesterday evening.昨天整晚孩子们都在看电视。(可能没看完)
The children watched TV yesterday evening.昨天晚上孩子们看电视了。(看完了)
　 I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信?(可能没打完)
　 I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信?(已经打完)
2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。
　e.g.The man jumped into the poor.那个人跳入了水池。
The man was jumping into the poor.那个人一直跳个不停。
3、当叙述过去发生的事，尤其是过程中发生的一系列动作时，就必须用一般过去时。
e.g. I woke up at six.Then I got up,and wash up.At seven I came downstairs for breakfast.
我6点醒来，然后起床洗漱，7点下楼吃早饭。
练习：
1、Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.　
A. made　 B. is making　 C. was making　 D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。
2、As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read; was falling　B. was reading; fell　C. was reading; was falling　D. read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。
3、What __ she __ at nine o’clock yesterday?
A did;do B.was;doing C.is;doing D.were;doing B
4、When I __ him,he __ his room.
A.was seeing;decorated B.saw;was decorating C.saw;decorate D.saw;decorating B
【典型例题讲解】
( )1. I _______ a museum with my friends at this time yesterday.
A. am visiting B. was visiting C. visited D. will visit
( )2. He is _______ small _______ to school.
A. too; to go B. can’t; go C. too; go D. so; to go
( )3. Many people read newspapers on the train to _______ the time in Britain.
A. save B. waste C. pass D. take
( )4. It was raining hard _______ I got up this morning.
A. if B. when C. after D. until
( )5. —Look! The girl is playing with a snake.
—How _______ she is!
A. brave B. happy C. strong D. excited
( )6. The old man died _______ a cold snowy night.
A. in B. on C. at D. over
( )7. —You look very sad. What’s wrong?
—It’s OK. There is _______.
A. something serious B. serious something
C. nothing serious D. serious nothing
( )8. “Now I told you a secret,”he said to me _______ a low voice.
A. with B. at C. in D. use
( )9. —Which team _______ the match, Team One or Team Two?
—Team One _______ Team Two.
A. won; won B. beat; beat C. beat; won D. won; beat
( )10. I feel tired, but I don’t want to stop _______.
A. work B. to work C. works D. working
【随堂练习巩固】
Ⅱ. 情景交际。（5分）
在下列横线上填入适当的句子，补全对话。
(A new week returns. Lisa and Maria meet at school. )
—Hi, Maria. Glad to see you!
—Hi, Lisa! Glad to see you, too.
—It was weekend yesterday. 11. ______________
—I did my homework and then helped my mother do some housework.
—12. ______________
—From 8:00 a. m. to 9:00 a. m.? Oh, I was playing the piano.
—Wow, you work so hard! 13. ______________
—Yes. To be a musician like Langlang is my dream all the time.
—Wish you success! 14. ______________
—I’m going to the school library. 15. ______________
—Yes, I’d love to. Let’s go.
Ⅲ. 完形填空。（10分）
Last week, I had a wonderful summer camp with my classmates.
We 16 at the bus station early in the morning. After saying 17 to our parents, we got on the bus. We 18 two hours arriving at the campground.
When we got there, everyone got off the bus 19 , laughing and shouting. We jumped and ran around the campground. It was the 20 time for us to be away from parents. So some of us began to feel homesick (想家的). 21 , when the night party and dances began, the homesickness disappeared.
The next day, we had a 22 of climbing a mountain. At first, we climbed quickly. But on the half way, we were so 23 that we would like to give up. Our teacher 24 cheering us on. We believed that we could do better than others. Finally, we did well and my team won the match.
“ 25 is difficult in the world if you keep trying”, said our teacher. I also learnt a lot from the camp.
( )16. A. left B. saw C. met D. got
( )17. A. goodbye B. sorry C. yes D. hello
( )18. A. took B. spent C. paid D. cost
( )19. A. cheerfully B. bravely C. sadly D. warmly
( )20. A. one B. first C. last D. finally
( )21. A. And B. Or C. However D. So
( )22. A. interest B. idea C. chance D. match
( )23. A. tired B. excited C. happy D. active
( )24. A. stopped B. kept C. enjoyed D. preferred
( )25. A. Something B. Everything C. Nothing D. Anything
【课后强化练习】
Ⅳ. 阅读理解。（30分）
（A）
Mike and Dick work in the same office. They don’t like the cold weather. And one day they decided to take their holiday in Australia. Their plane arrived in Sydney at nine in the morning. They had a good rest in a hotel. The next morning they rented (租) a car in the city and began their travel. A few hours later, the sun was shining in the sky and there were no shade trees (遮阴树) beside the road. It was so hot that they could hardly go on driving. They had to stop to look around. Mike found a river about half a kilometer away from them. They were both very happy and drove the car quickly. Soon they got to the river. Before they jumped into the water, Dick saw a boy playing under a big tree. He asked,“Are there any sharks (鲨) in the river, boy?”“No, there aren’t,”answered the boy. So they began to swim in the river. After a while, Dick felt something hit against his leg. He told Mike about it. They were afraid and stopped swimming. Dick asked loudly,“Is it true that there aren’t any sharks in the river?”“Yes, sir,”said the boy,“There’re a lot of crocodiles (鳄鱼) in the water. All the sharks have swum away!”
根据短文内容，回答问题。
26 . When did they arrive in Sydney?
___________________________________________________________________________
27. What was the weather like the next day?
___________________________________________________________________________ 28. What did they do in the river?
___________________________________________________________________________
29. A shark hit Dick’s leg, didn’t it?
___________________________________________________________________________
30. Why weren’t there any sharks in the river?
___________________________________________________________________________
（B）
When Abraham Lincoln was just a boy, he had to help his father to look after their farm. It was hard work and there wasn’t anything interesting for him. Abraham wanted to go to school, but there was no school there. He was sad most of the time.
Mrs. Lincoln loved the boy very much. She tried her best to make Abraham happy. One morning she got up early and went to the town. It was a long way, so it took her a long time to get there. She bought something there and went back. It was late in the evening when she got home.
The next morning Mrs. Lincoln said to Abraham,“Today is your birthday, so we’re going to have a party.”She put some food on the table, and then brought out a present.
“A book!”Abraham cried. It was an old book, but he liked it. A smile came on his face. He looked up at Mrs. Lincoln and said,“Thank you, Mom.”
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
( )31. Abraham Lincoln’s father was a _______.
A. farmer B. soldier C. worker D. teacher
( )32. Abraham Lincoln couldn’t go to school because _______.
A. his family had no money B. his mother wanted to teach him herself
C. he didn’t like school D. there was no school near his home
( )33. On the farm most of the time little Lincoln was _______.
A. happy B. unhappy C. worried D. angry
( )34. It took Mrs. Lincoln _______ to make a trip to the town.
A. a whole day B. a quarter of a day
C. three hours D. two days
( )35. What was the present for Abraham’s birthday?
A. A mooncake. B. A new book.
C. An old book. D. A school bag.
（C）
Beijing Opera is our national play. You can learn the music, dance and art when you enjoy Beijing Opera. It has a long history and is very famous around the world.
In order to make Beijing Opera wider and make the middle school students love and develop (发展) our Chinese culture, our country makes a project. That is to take Beijing Opera into students’ music classes. Now many students can enjoy Beijing Opera in class.
However, only a few people think it’s important and useful for middle school students. Most people think that students are very busy with their lessons and it’s a waste of time to learn Beijing Opera. Most people are afraid that some music teachers know little about Beijing Opera and its history. Most parents always ask “Is it useful for children’s future to learn Beijing Opera?”
We need a long way to go to make Beijing Opera come into classes.
根据短文内容，完成任务。
任务一：判断正误。
( )36. Many people agree with the country’s project.
( )37. Most people think students are too busy to learn Beijing Opera.
任务二：将画线句子译成中文。
38. ___________________________________
任务三：选择正确答案。
( )39. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Learning Beijing Opera can make students learn about Chinese culture.
B. Some people think Beijing Opera can help students little.
C. Beijing Opera has a long history in China.
D. Both A, B and C.
任务四：回答问题。
40. Do you think it’s helpful for middle school students to learn Beijing Opera? why?
__________________________________________________________________
第三部分 写作（25分）
Ⅰ. 词汇。（10分）
(A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
1. I feel h_______ and I want to eat something.
2. I like listening to Yang Kun’s songs because his v_______ sounds beautiful.
3. Every morning the clock makes me w_______ up.
4. I want to be a u_______ person for the society when I grow up.
5. Beijing roast d_______ is famous all over the world.
(B)根据句意及汉语提示填空。
6. The woman _______ (出售) out the vegetables in a short time.
7. It was _______ (黑暗的), but the farmers were still working hard on the farm.
8. My little son likes to collect _______ (火柴) boxes.
9. I visited the National _______ (博物馆) of China with my classmates last Sunday.
10. I wanted to play computer games after finishing my homework, but my mother didn’t
_______ (同意).
Ⅱ. 句型转换。（5分）
11. I was making model planes when my mother came back. （对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ _______ _______ when your mother came back?
12. I think classical music is boring. （改为否定句）
I _______ _______ classical music is boring.
13. My mother was doing the dishes at that time. （同义句转换）
My mother was _______ at that time.
14. He read a story-book last night. （改为过去进行时）
He _______ _______ a story-book at eight o’clock last night.
15. He wasn’t old enough to go to school. (同义句转换)
He was _______ young _______ go to school.
Ⅲ. 书面表达。（10分）
以“How did you spend last Sunday? Did you have a good time? What were you doing at different times last Sunday?”为内容，写一篇80词左右的短文。
提示：watch a movie, climb mountains, play basketball, visit friends, play computer games, do housework . . ., happy, excited, sad . . .






1. B 由at this time yesterday 时间状语可知, 动作或事件是持续地发生在过去的某一个
确切时间内。此类情况要用过去进行时态来表示。故选B。
2. A 考查固定搭配too … to … “太……而不能……”。故选A。
3. C 根据句意“英国人习惯在火车上看报纸来打发时间”，而pass the time有“排遣、
打发时间”的意思，故选C。
4. B 根据题意 “一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行” 可知when为正确答案。其他答
案不能表示主句在进行的状态。故选B。
5. A 根据句意“一个女孩在玩蛇”可知“她是一个大胆的人”，故选A。
6. B 特指某一天的上午、下午或晚上常用on，故选B。
7. C 由It’s OK可反推 “病情不是很严重” , 而且修饰不定代词的形容词必须后置,
可排除A、B和D。
8. C 根据短语in a low voice是“低声说（秘密）”可知，故选C。
9. D 根据短语“win+赛事（活动）”和“beat+比赛主体”可知，故选D。
10. D stop to do sth. 指的是“停下来, 去做另一件事情”, stop doing sth. 是指“把正在做
的事情停下来”, 根据句意不能选B，A、C均不能与stop搭配，故选D。
Ⅱ. 11. What did you do?
12. What were you doing from 8:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. yesterday?
13. Are you going to be a musician when you grow up?
14. Where are you going now?
15. Would you like to join me?
Ⅲ. 16. C 根据句意“同学们早晨在车站集合见面”可知，故选C。
17. A 根据句意“同学们上车之前向父母道别”可知，故选A。
18. B 根据短语spend some time (in) doing sth. 可知，故选B。
19. A 根据空格后单词“唱、跳、跑”等单词可推测同学们下车后是“欢呼雀跃”的场面，
故选A。
20. B 根据后句“一些孩子开始想家”可知“这是他们第一次离开父母”，故选B。
21. C 根据前句和后句意思“孩子们开始想家。然而晚会一开始这种情绪就消失了”可知
前后句形成转折关系，故选C。
22. D 根据本段末句“我们队最后在比赛中获胜”可知是“我们进行一场登山比赛”，故选D。
23. A 根据后半句“我们想放弃”可知“我们太累了”，故选A。
24. B 根据句意“老师不断地给我们加油打气”可知，故选B。
25. C 根据句意“只要不停地努力，世界上就没有难事”可知，故选C。
Ⅳ. (A)
26. At nine in the morning.
27. It was sunny and hot.
28. They swam in the river.
29. No, it didn’t.
30. Because there were a lot of crocodiles, and all the sharks had swum away.
(B)
31. A 从 . . . he had to help his father look after their farm. 可知他爸爸是一个农夫
(farmer)。
32. D 虽然他家确实没有很多钱, 但他不能上学的主要原因是他家附近没有学校。
33. B 从He was sad most of the time. 可知, 因为sad的意思是unhappy。
34. A 他妈妈很早起床到镇上去给他买东西, 回家已是当天晚上。
35. C 因为他妈妈知道他最喜欢的礼物是书, 而不是其他物品, 根据本文是An old book
一本旧书。
(C)
36. F
37. T
38. 但是只有少数人认为它对中学生是重要和有用的。
39. D
40. （开放性答案）Yes, I think so. Because it can help students to learn about China’s
culture. / No, I don’t think so. Because it’s a waste of time and it’s useless for them to
find a job in the future.
第三部分 写作
Ⅰ. (A) 1. hungry 2. voice 3. wake 4. useful 5. duck
(B) 6. sold 7. dark 8. match 9. Museum 10. agree
Ⅱ. 11. What were you doing
12. don’t think
13. cooking
14. was reading
15. too; to
Ⅲ. 参考范文:
A Happy Sunday
I had a happy day last Sunday. From 6: 30 to 7: 00, I was running along the road. At 8: 00 a. m. I was doing cleaning at home, because my parents were out. At 9: 50, I was watching a movie with my friend, Han Xingxing. The film was very interesting, and it made us excited. From 2: 20 to 4: 30, I was playing basketball with my classmates on our school playground. At 6: 00 p. m. my grandparents, my parents and I were having a big dinner together in a restaurant. We all felt very happy and enjoyed it.
I was watching TV from 7: 30 to 9: 30 at home in the evening, then I went to bed.