Unit 1 The Changing World Topic 1 Our country has developed rapidly 知识点讲义+练习（有答案）

同步知识点讲义与练习
U1T1SA
1 You have just come back from you hometown.
你刚从你的城镇回来。
现在完成时 ：之前已经发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。结构：
助动词have/has +动词的过去分词
I have finished that work. 我已经完成了那项工作。
2 have/has been to...去过……。
e.g. He has been to Hubei. 他去过湖北。（人已不在湖北，表示有此经历,曾经去过那里。）
I have been to Beijing several times. 我去过北京几次。
have/has gone to...已经去了，它强调主语此时不在说话地点。
e.g. She has gone to Shang-hai. 她已经去了上海。
3 so...that... 如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。
e.g. He ran so quickly that we couldn’t keep up with him.，他跑的太快以至于我们都赶不上。
so...that...引导的从句有时可以和too...to...句型互换。
e.g. He is so young that he can’t go to school.
= He is too young to go to school. 他太小了，还不能上学。
4 improve 意为“提高，(使)好转，，改善”。
可作及物动词。improve oneself自我提高。
e.g. He has improved his health. 他的健康状况得到了改善。
b.可作不及物动词。e.g. His health is improving. 他的健康状况正在好转。
另：improve on/upon sth.对……做出改进。
e.g. He has improved on the invention.他进一步完善了他的发明。
improvement n. 改进（处），增进，事物。
5 by the way 顺便问一问。
e.g. By the way, do you know him? 顺便问一问，你认识他吗？
6 There goes the bell.＝That’s the bell.＝The bell is ringing.铃响了。
此句是倒装语序。倒装分为局部倒装和完全倒装，主语是代词时一般用局部倒装，主语是名词时则用完全倒装。
e.g. There comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。Look! Here he comes. 看！他来了。Here you are. 给你。
8 Where have you been? 你去过哪里啦？
I have been to +地点。 我去过了……Where has she/he been? 她/他去过哪里啦？
She/He has been to +地点。 我去过了。。。。。。
U1T1SB
1 I haven’t seen you for a long time.我很长时间没看到你啦。
现在完成时的否定结构是haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词。
2 You took part in some volunteer activities during summer holidays, didn’t you?
你在暑假参加了一些志愿者活动，是吗？
此句为反义疑问句。例如：e.g. It’s a nice day, isn’t it?美好的一天，不是吗？
Ann didn’t use to live there, did she?Ann过去不常住那里，不是吗？
3 I’ve learnt a lot from it. 我从中 学到了很多东西。
learn ... from... 从……中学习（到）……。
e.g. We must learn from each other.我们必须互相学习。
4 Have you been to any other place?你有没有去过其它地方吗？
现在完成时的疑问句？
Have you cleaned the room?
回答： Yes, I have, /No , I haven’t .
5 Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy.
虽然我没有时间去旅行，但是我仍然觉得很开心。
A though conj. 尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句。注意：though不能与but连用。
e.g. Though it was late, he went on working.尽管天晚了，但他仍在工作。
B have (no) time to do sth. 意为“有(没有)时间做……”。e.g. I have time to see you. 我有时间去看你。
U1T1SC
1 more than 相当于over，意为“超过，多于”，后常跟数词。
more than/over ten men 十多个人。more ... than ... 意为“比……更……”，是比较级的一种用法。中间多接名词、多音节的形容词或副词原级。
e.g. I have more friends than you. 我的朋友比你的多。
2 see sth. oneself 意为“亲眼目睹”。
e.g. I saw him helping others myself. 我亲眼目睹他帮助别人。
3 have the chance to do sth. 意为“有机会做某事”。
e.g. I’ll have the chance to visit your factory next Sunday. 下星期天我将有机会去参观你们的工厂。
4 a.keep in touch with ... 意为“与……保持联系”。
e.g. He still keeps in touch with his old friends. 他仍和老朋友们保持联系。
b.far away遥远，常放在句末作后置定语。
e.g. They live in a village far away. 他们住在一个遥远的村子里。faraway adj. 遥远的
e.g. a faraway town 一个遥远的小镇far away from+某地，离……遥远。
5 develop v.发展，发达。developed adj. 发达的，developing adj. 发展中的，development n.发展。
e.g. China’s economy has developed a lot, but China is still a developing country while the U.S.A. is a developed country.
中国的经济已经有了很大的发展，但中国仍是一个发展中国家，而美国是一个发达国家
6 satisfy v.使（某人）满意或满足。
e.g. It’s impossible to satisfy everyone.让所有的人满意是不可能的。
be satisfied with ...意为“对……感到满意、满足”，与be pleased with...同义。
e.g. He is satisfied with his new job.他对他的新工作感到满意。
7 not only...but also... 不但……而且……，用来连接两个相同的成分。连接主语时，谓语动词须和邻近的主语保持一致。
e.g. Not only he but also I have been to Canada. 不仅他去过加拿大，我也去过。
8 care n.照料、照顾、护理。medical care 医疗保健patient care 病人护理take care of (sb./sth.) 照料、照顾（某人/某物）v. care about sb./sth.关注、在意、担忧某人/某物
e.g. I don’t care about what she said.我不在意她所说的。
9 a. already adv. 意为“已经”，多用于现在完成时，常放在肯定句中间或句末。
e.g. I have already read this book. 我已经看过这本书了。
b. succeed in sth./doing sth.意为“成功地做某事”。
e.g. Tom succeeded in making a beautiful model plane.汤姆成功地做好了一个漂亮的飞机模型。
Success n. 成功。successful adj. 成功的。
10 I think it’s important to remember the past.我认为记住过去很重要。
a. it 是形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。
e.g. I find it is easy for us to learn English well. 我发现对我们来说学好英语是容易的。
dream about 梦想，展望，后接名词或动词-ing形式。
e.g. He dreams about a new house. 他梦想拥有一栋新房子。
We used to dream about living abroad. 过去我们常常梦想去国外生活。
U1T1SD
Leisure activities play an important part in people’s lives.
休闲活动在人们的生活中起着重要的作用。
play a/an… part = play a/an… role 扮演……角色；起……作用；有……影响
e.g. Computer plays an important part in our daily lives.
2. Watching operas and listening to the radio were the main activities in their spare time.
看戏和听广播是他们在空闲时间的主要活动。
watching operas and listening to the radio 是动名词短语，作这个句子的主语。
e.g. Reading books plays an important part in his life.
in one’s spare/free time 在某人的业余时间
e.g. She often goes shopping in her spare time.
3. They go to visit some places of interest, and some people even make a tour abroad to see the world.
他们去参观名胜古迹，有些人甚至去国外旅游。
make a tour abroad 去国外旅游
e.g. They plan to make a tour abroad next year.
时态：
现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc
基本结构：have/has + done
否定形式：have/has + not +done.
一般疑问句：have或has提前
例句：I＇ve written an article. It has been raining these days.
第二部分 基础知识运用（55分）
Ⅰ.单项选择。（10分）
( )1.—Where are Maria and Kangkang?
—They _____ England.
A. have been to B. are away C. have gone to D. had been in
( )2._____ the Great Green Wall, the land produces (生产出) more crops.
A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Thank to D. Thank for
( )3.I think that you have made so rapid _____ in math.
A. a progress B. progress C. progresses D. progressed
( )4.—How do you like Beijing, Miss Read?
—I’ve no idea. I _____ there.
A. have gone B. have been C. haven’t been D. haven’t gone
( )5.—What _____ to your village in recent years?
—Lots of roads, buildings, parks and so on.
A. takes place B. have happened C. has happened D. happened
( )6.—What did you do during your summer holiday?
—I spent my holiday _____ English in Summer Classes.
A. improving B. improves C. to improve D. improve
( )7. I have broken your glasses. I feel sorry _____ it.
A. to B. at C. with D. for
( )8.The family was _____ poor _____ they couldn’t buy a TV set.
A. so; that B. not; until C. not; but D. so; but
( )9.—_____ my daughter is only ten years old, she knows a lot.
—What a clever girl!
A. Because B. Whether C. Though D. So
( )10.—Have you seen my brother?
—Yes. I _____ him in the library five minutes ago.
A. met B. have met C. meet D. have been met
Ⅱ.情景交际。（5分）
A: Why doesn’t Kitty come with us to the park?
B: 11
A: Has she been to London before?
B: Yes. 12
A: Why has she been there so many times?
B: 13 She goes to visit them and spends her holiday there.
A: 14 I hope I can go to England someday. 15
B: She said that she would stay there for about three weeks.
A. What a wonderful experience! B. Did she tell you when she would be back?
C. She has gone to London.
D. What a pity!
E. She has been to London several times.
F. Because her grandparents live in London.
G. It’s really nice.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空。（10分）
A professor（教授）told his students to go into the city slums (贫民窟) to study the life of 200 boys. He asked them to 16 reports about each boy’s life and future. One of the students wrote,“They don’t have any hope.”
Twenty-five years 17 , another professor read about the earlier study. He told his students to 18 what had happened to the boys. They tried very hard and found that 176 of the boys had become successful 19 doctors, teachers and scientists.
The professor was very 20 and decided to study it further. Luckily, all of them were living near the place and he was able to ask each one,“What made you 21 ?”Each one answered,“It was a teacher.”
The teacher was 22 living there, so the professor found her and asked the old woman
23 she had done to pull those boys out of the slums, and change them 24 successful people.
The teacher’s 25 began to shine and said with a sweet smile,“It’s really very easy. I love those boys.”
( )16. A. read B. study C. write D. take
( )17. A. later B. after C. ago D. before
( )18. A. search B. find out C. look after D. see
( )19. A. for B. with C. as D. like
( )20. A. glad B. angry C. surprised D. worried
( )21. A. wonderful B. successful C. rich D. popular
( )22. A. already B. too C. even D. still
( )23. A. what B. who C. which D. When
( )24. A. on B. of C. from D. into
( )25. A. face B. eyes C. hair D. mouth
Ⅳ.阅读理解。（30分）
(A)
When Mencius(孟子) was a little boy, his father died. Mencius and his mother were quite poor. One day Mencius returned home from school and found his mother making some cloth. It was very beautiful and expensive.
“How much of the book have you read today?” Mencius’ mother asked him. “I haven’t read any of it yet.” Mencius replied, “I played with some friends of mine in the fields.”
When his mother heard this, she picked up a pair of scissors and cut the cloth.
“Why have you cut your cloth?” Mencius asked, “It was so beautiful but now you’ve wasted (浪费) it.” “You have wasted your time,” his mother said, “now I have wasted mine. Look at the terrible things we have done.”
Mencius learnt a lot from this lesson. After that, he always studied hard.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
( )26. When did this story happen?
A. Not long before liberation(解放). B. More than 2000 years ago.
C. About 400 years ago. D. In the 18th century.
( )27. What was Mencius doing while his mother was cutting the cloth?
A. He was reading his book. B. He was playing in the fields.
C.He was trying to help her. D. He was watching strangely.
( )28. The mother cut the cloth because _____.
A. she thought making cloth was wasting time
B. she wanted to give her son a lesson
C. she wanted to use more beautiful and expensive cloth
D. she wanted her son to do his lessons at once
29.Mencius and his mother were quite poor because ______________________.
30.When the mother knew Mencius had not read any books, she felt s_____.
(B)
How much pocket money do you get from your parents every month—200 yuan? Some may need more to buy birthday presents, fast food lunches, ice cream or cartoon (动画) books.
But for Zhou Li, 30 yuan a month is enough. The only thing she buys is lunch—1.5 yuan each day. “My favorite is fried potato slices and rice,” said Zhou, “meat is too expensive for me.”
Zhou, 14, is a Junior 1 student at Hongzhi Experimental School in Beijing. Her parents are migrant workers (外来务工人员). They came to Beijing from a village in Luohe of Henan two years ago. Her father now works as a cleaner and earns 500 yuan every month. Her mother has no job.
Every day, Zhou gets up at 5: 30 a.m. and rides 20 minutes to school. She studies hard, and even reads books during breaktime. Her favorite subject is computer.“I’m learning typing now. I hope to be the fastest in my class.”said Zhou. Like many teens, Zhou has a lot of homework. It usually takes her at least one hour to do it every day. But that is not all her work. She helps her mom cook. On weekends, she helps wash clothes.“I could cook when I was eight. Father said sometimes I cooked better than mom!”
Zhou said she wanted to be a doctor when she grew up.“I watched TV and found that there were many people with AIDS in Henan. Some are kids. They need help.”said Zhou. But she is afraid of having to leave school.“I hope I will always be in school,” said Zhou. “Dad works hard to make money. I promise him I will study hard to be a good student at present and a good doctor in the future.”
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
( )31. Zhou Li came to Beijing from _____.
A. Hunan B. Liaoning C. Henan D. Hongzhi
( )32. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The girl’s parents are both cleaners.
B. Her parents gave her 30 yuan to buy books.
C. She goes to school by bike.
D. Now she types fastest in her class.
( )33.Zhou Li spends _____ on her homework every day.
A. 20 minutes B. at least one hour C. half an hour D. two hours
( )34.Her wish is to be a doctor because _____.
A. she wants to help the people with SARS
B. he wants to help the people with AIDS
C. he wants to make her parents healthier
D. she wants to help the poor kids
( )35. The best title of the passage should be “_____”.
A. A Girl from a Village B.A Hard but Hopeful Life
C. How to Spend Pocket Money D.A Girl’s School Life
(C)
Every four years, the greatest athletes from all over the world get together in one city to take part in the world sports meeting—the Olympic Games. The holy flame (圣火) is carried from one place to the next. In 2008, the holy flame was carried to Beijing, the capital of China.
When Beijing was chosen as the host city to hold the Olympic Games in 2008, all the Chinese people were very happy, excited and proud. They showed their excitement in different ways when they heard the news. Some people cheered, jumped and shouted.
In Beijing we built a new Olympic village with hotels for athletes and stadiums for matches.
“One World, One Dream” is our slogan for the 29th Olympics. It expresses the wishes of 1.3 billion Chinese people for a peaceful and better world tomorrow.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
( )36. The Olympic Games is held every _____ years.
A. five B. two C. three D. four
( )37.Beijing hosted the 29th Olympics in _____.
A. 2007 B. 2008 C.2012 D.2010
( )38. _____ was built for the 29th Olympics in Beijing.
A. Hotels B. Stadiums C. Olympic village D. Villages
( )39.When Chinese people heard the news that Beijing would hold the 29th Olympics, they _____.
A. cheered B. excited C. shouted D. all the above
( )40.The slogan for the 29th Olympics is _____.
A. “Good, better, best” B. “Faster, higher, stronger”
C. “One World, One Dream” D. “World, Dream”
第三部分 写作（25分）
Ⅰ.词汇。（10分）
(A) 根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
1.I’ve ________ (已经) read the book twice.
2.In the past, my grandparents couldn’t afford an ________(教育) for my father.
3.________ (尽管) life is hard for her, she is still happy.
4.They are ________ (考虑) buying a new house.
5.China has ________ (发展) rapidly in recent years.
(B) 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
6. Don’t worry. I have made much p_____ in learning English.
7.—Has she made r_____ progress in her study?
—Yes, she has.
8. I’m sure you’ll s_____ if you work hard.
9. Miss Wang asked the students to write a 400-word c_____ about Autumn.
10. Can you d_____ it in detail?
Ⅱ.英汉互译。（5分）
11.我一直与大学时代的朋友保持联系。
I _____ _____ _____ _____ my friends from college all the time.
12.我哥哥去游泳了。
My brother has _____ _____.
13.在过去的十年我们国家取得了巨大进步。
Our country has _____ great _____ in the past ten years.
14.我虽然没时间去旅游,但是仍然觉得这个假期很愉快。
_____ I had no time _____ travel, I still felt very happy this holiday.
15.为了养家糊口，她不得不放弃了学业。
_____ _____ _____ support her family, she has to drop school.
Ⅲ.书面表达。（10分）
请根据下列表格的提示, 写一篇题为Changes in Our Hometown的英语短文。（80词左右）
内容要点:
过去 现在
1.旧房 1.高楼
2.河水肮脏 2.河水清澈
3.步行、骑自行车上班 3.乘公交车、小汽车上班
4.道路狭窄 4.环形路宽阔
5.居住条件差 5.居住环境舒适
听 力 材 料
Unit 1 Topic 1
Ⅰ.听句子，选择正确图片。每个句子读一遍。
1.We have learnt a lot about the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens.
2.Today is Tree Planting Day.
3.Ann used to go to school on foot, but now she goes to school by bike.
4.Rita often searches the Internet for some information.
5.Jane has gone abroad.
Ⅱ.听句子，选择正确答语。每个句子读一遍。
6.Have you ever fed the disabled granny?
7.Could you please tell me something about China?
8.Why not go to Mount Tai for the summer holiday?
9.Would you like to help the disabled children?
10.Where have you been?
Ⅲ.听对话及问题，选择正确答语。每段对话和问题读两遍。
11.W: Maria helped her classmate study English last Sunday.
M: Wow, she is helpful.
Q: What did Maria do last Sunday?
12.W: By the way, where is Rita? Is she at home?
M: Oh, no. She has gone to Beijing with her father.
Q: Where is Rita now?
13.W: Though I wanted to travel to America, I helped the disabled granny the whole holiday.
M: What a wonderful experience!
Q: What did the girl want to do in the holiday?
14.M: Hurry up, Kate. The film will begin in ten minutes.
W: OK, I’m coming.
Q: What are they going to do?
15.W: Jiangxi’s roads were narrow and dirty fifteen years ago.
M: Yes, I know. But they’re wide and clean now.
Q: What were the roads like in Jiangxi fifteen years ago?
Ⅳ.听短文，完成下面表格。短文读三遍。
Sally has changed a lot. At school she used to be lazy, but now she works very hard. She is one of the top students in our class. She used to hate English, but now she is very good at it. She used to have long hair, but now her hair is short.
As for sport, she used to play ping-pong, but now she is on the soccer team.
As for her hobby, she used to like collecting stamps, but now she likes to collect coins.
参 考 答 案 及 解 析
Ⅰ. 1.C 本题考查have gone to和have been to的区别。前者意为“去了某地”，说话时人还
没回来；而后者意为“到过某地”，说话时人已经回来了。Maria和Kangkang不在说话地，故选C。
2.B 本题考查thanks to固定搭配。其意为“幸亏，由于”，后接名词或名词短语；而thank
you for+n./doing用于向对方表示感谢。
3.B progress为不可数名词。故选B。
4.C 本题考查have been to的用法。根据答语可知她没有去过北京。故选C。
5.C 本题考查happen的完成时态。因句中有短语in recent years，谓语动词用完成时态，又因what作主语，谓语动词要用单数，故选C。
6.A 本题考查spend … (in) doing sth.词组的用法，故选A。
7.D 本题考查feel sorry for sth. 意为“对……表示遗憾”。
8.A 本题考查so ... that ... 的用法。not ... until表示“直到……”；not ... but表示“不
是……而是……”；so … that … 表示“太……以至于”。太穷了而不能买电视机，
故选A。
9.C 从句意“尽管我女儿只有十岁，却知道很多。”可知应选though。故选C。
10.A 本题主要考查现在完成时与一般过去式的用法。五分钟前见过，应用过去式，故
选A。
Ⅱ.11.C 12.E 13.F 14.G 15.B
Ⅲ.16.C 根据下句One of the students wrote …得知。
17.A 表示多长时间之后用时间接later, after后接时间。
18.B search查询；find out指经过访问、调查等途径努力去弄明白；look after照看、照
顾；see作动词，有“看到，理解”的意思，但与本文语境不符。
19.C 作为医生、老师或科学家而成功，在职业前用as。
20.C be glad高兴；be angry生气；be surprised惊讶；be worried担心、焦虑。根据情境
应选C。
21.B make sb. + adj. 根据短文语境应选B。
22.D already用于完成时态，too用于句末时表示也，even用于加强语气，still表示客观仍存在。根据上下文，老师仍然住在这里。应选D。
23.A 从句what she had done to … 在句中作间接宾语，指她（这位老师）过去对孩子们曾
做过什么来把他们带出贫民窟的。应选A。
24.D change sb. into … 意思是“把某人改变成为……”，应选D。
25.B 从began to shine and said with a sweet smile中，可知眼睛放光。应选B。
Ⅳ.（A）
26.B 由常识可知孟子生活于2000多年前。
27.D 从下文母子对话得知，孟母是在用实际行动教育孟子，所以此时孟子应是惊讶地
看着母亲剪掉了布。
28.B “子不学，断机杼。”是教训孟子。
29.his father died when Mencius was a child
30.sad 根据故事可以看出，孟母感到很难过。
（B）
31.C 由They came to Beijing from a village in Luohe of Henan two years ago. 可知选C。
32.C 由Every day ... and rides 20 minutes to school. 可知选C。
33.B 由It usually takes her at least one hour to do it every day. 可知选B。
34.B 本文没有提到SARS和让她父母更健康，她想帮助患AIDS的孩子们而不
是贫困的孩子们。由Zhou said she wanted to be a doctor ... They need my help. 可知选B。
35.B A、B两选项中B项与本文内容最符合，C、D两选项与本文关系不大。
（C）
36.D 由Every four years ... 可知选D。
37.B 文章中第二段可以看出，北京是在2008年举办的奥运会。
38.C 由In Beijing we built a new Olympic village with … 可知选C。
39.D 由Some people laughed, jumped and shouted. 可知选D。
40.C 由“One World, One Dream”is our slogan for the 29th Olympics. 可知选C。
第三部分 写作
Ⅰ.（A）1.already 2.education 3.Though/Although 4.considering 5.developed
（B）6.progress 7.rapid 8.succeed 9.composition 10.describe
Ⅱ.11.keep in touch with 12.gone swimming 13.made, progress 14.Though/Although, to
15.In order to
Ⅲ.参考范文:
Changes in Our Hometown
In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in our hometown. In the past, there used to be old houses. The river was very dirty. The roads were narrow and the living conditions were hard. People went to work on foot or by bike. But now, there are many tall buildings in my hometown. The river is clean and the water is clear. There are many ring roads and the living conditions are comfortable. People usually go to work by bus or by car.
I am glad to see these great changes in my hometown. But I think it’s still important to remember the past. It tells that we should cherish the present life.