Unit 1 The Changing World Topic 3 The world has changed for the better知识点讲义+练习（有答案）

同步知识点讲义与练习
U1T3SA
1 How do you like (doing) sth.?=What do you think of ...?
你认为……怎么样
e.g. How do you like the weather in Beijing?
你认为北京的天气怎么样？
=What do you think of the weather in Beijing?
How do you like playing basketball now?
你认为现在打篮球怎么样？=
What do youthink of playing basketball now?
2 get used to (doing) sth.
习惯于做某事。可用于多种时态中。get可用be/become等来代替。
e.g. He will be (has been) used to getting up early.
他将会(已经)习惯早起。
used to do sth. 过去总是做某事（而现在不做了）。只用于一般过去时。
e.g. He used to be a quiet boy.
他过去是个不太爱说话的男孩。
be used to do sth.被用于做某事
e.g. Wood is used to make paper.
木材被用于造纸。
3 …..but the city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago.
……但是从我几年前来这里以来，这个城市改善了很多。
since引导的从句常用一般过去时，表示“自从……以来”，它前面的主句通常使用现在完成时。
e.g. It has been raining since I came here two days ago.
自从两天前我来到这里就一直下雨。
For + 时间段 有……的时间了
Since + 时间段+ ago 自从……前
+ 时间点 自从…以来
+从句 自从…….
4 a. as a matter of fact
实际上，相当于in fact。
e.g. I haven’t been here long. As a matterof fact, I just got off the plane yesterday morning.
我到这里没多久。实际上，我昨天早上刚下飞机。
b. 动词不定式to live在此作place的定语。动词不定式作定语时,与所修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系,如果该不定式是不及物动词,或者其本身有宾语,后面应有必要的介词。但当动词不定式所修饰的名词是place时，不定式后面通常没有介词。
eg. We were looking for a place to sit.
我们正找个坐的地方。
5 must是情态动词，在这里意为“一定”，常用于表达希望尽快做某事。
e.g. We must come over and try out your new car.
我们改天一定来试试你的新汽车。for在此是介词，表示目的。e.g. You must come for seeing me nextweek.
下周你一定要来看我。
6 millions of 用法：
在英语中hundred , thousand , million , billion等词，当其前面有数词时，它们不加 “s”使用，其后也不用介词of .直接跟可数名词的复数形式。 如：
five million people 五百万人
当表达不确定数字时，在它们后面加上 “s”再加介词of使用。后接可数名词的复数形式，表示 “数百” “数千” “数百万” “数十亿”。如：
millions of people 数百万人
hundreds of 成百上千的
thousands of 成千上万的
millions of 数以百万计的
billions of 数以十亿计的
U1T3SB
1 once conj.一旦……就……。引导时间状语从句。
e.g. Once you hear the song，you will never forget it.
一旦你听到这首歌，你会永远忘不了它。
2 in need 在困难时，在贫困之中。
e.g. The teacher is so kind-hearted that he often helps the students in need.
这位老师心地善良，他经常帮助贫困的学生。
3 decide on+名词/动名词= decide to do sth. 决定要做某事。e.g. They decided on a field trip for their holidays.
= They decided to have a field trip for their holidays.
他们决定假期春游。
4 provide v. 提供，供应。
e.g. That hotel provides good meals.
那家旅馆供应丰盛的膳食。
常用于下列结构: provide sb. with sth.（提供给某人某物）。
e.g. The managers provided us with a few computers.
经理们给我们提供了几台电脑。
provide sth. for sb.(为某人提供某物)。
e.g. They provided food for the poor.
他们给穷人们提供了食品。
5 so that在此引导目的状语从句，意为“为了……”，与in order that同义。
e.g. She spoke loudly so that everyone could hear her.
她大声讲话是为了让大家都能听见。
6 a. It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……。e.g. It is important for us to learn English well.
对于我们来说学好英语是重要的。
b. feel good感到愉快或有信心。
e.g. Feeling good about yourself is helpful to you.
有信心对你是有帮助的。
U1T3SC
1 purpose n.意为“意图，目的，目标”。
eg. What is the purpose of the meeting?
这次会议的目的是什么?
on purpose 意为“故意，有意地”。
eg. He went home late on purpose last night.
他昨晚故意很晚回家。
2 raise v.a. 抚养，养育（孩子），饲养（家畜），种植或生产（作物）。
eg. The Smiths raised three children.
史密斯夫妇养育了三个孩子。
b. 提起。
eg. She raised her hands to greet me.
她扬起手跟我打招呼。
c. 征收，招募，筹集。eg. raise money 募捐 raise an army招兵
3 support v. 意为“支持，资助，援助”，
常用句型：support sb. in sth.
eg. I’ll try my best to support you in the work.
我将在工作中全力支持你
。n. give support to sb. 给某人提供帮助
eg. Her family and friends have given her lots of support.
家人和朋友给了她许帮助。
4 think of ... as ... 意为“把……视为……，把……看成……”，与regard ... as ...同义。
eg. I think of her as my best friend.
我把她看作是最好的朋友。
U1T3SD
1. Project Hope has made important contributions to both the education and the health of children.希望工程为儿童的教育和健康都做出了重大贡献。
make a contribution to+名词/代词/doing sth. 为……作贡献
2. For more than 20 years, Project Hope has encouraged the moral development and modern thinking of students. 20多年来，希望工程鼓励了孩子的道德发展和现代意识。
Ⅰ.单项选择。（10分）
( )1.She has _____ this car for nearly ten years.
A.buy B.bought C.have D.had
( )2.You can’t trust what he said, you should go and _____ for yourself.
A.look B.see C.find D.study
( )3.—Is it interesting to play computer games?
—Yes, _____ you are interested in playing computer games, you’ll have trouble giving it up.
A.once B.twice C.as D.as soon as
( )4.The supermarket provides customers _____ plastic bags for free.
A.on B.with C.of D.in
( )5.I think it’s good _____ us _____ eat healthy food.
A.for; to B.for; for C.to; for D.to; to
( )6.We should do our best to help homeless people live a _____ life.
A.happily B.bad C.normal D.terrible
( )7.The traffic in the city _____ be terrible, but now it has improved a lot. I think you will _____ it soon.
A.use to; use to B.get used to; used to
C.used to; get used to D.get used to; use to
( )8.His father has worked in this factory _____ he came here in 1980.
A.since B.for C.when D.how long
( )9.Project Hope is _____ to help the poor children go to school.
A.aim B.aiming C.purpose D.wanting
( )10.She _____ great progress in the past 2 years.
A.made B.had made C.has made D.make
Ⅱ.情景交际。（5分）
A: Do you like living in the city or the countryside?
B: 11
A: But I think the countryside is much better than the city for living.
B: 12
A: Because there is terrible traffic and too much noise in the city.
B: 13 I think the city is a wonderful place to live in, because we can go to parties, concerts and operas every day if we like. 14
A: 15 But I like living in a quiet and safe place.
A.I don’t think so. B.Maybe you are right.
C.I like living in the city.
D.Why do you think so?
E.We can also have better education in the city than in the countryside.
F.What about you?
G.It’s very quiet in the village.
1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____
Ⅲ.完形填空。（10分）
Life in the 21st century will be different from that in the 20th century, because many changes
16 in the new century, 17 what will the changes be?
First, the population is growing very fast. There 18 more and more people in the world and most of them will live longer than before. Computers will be 19 smaller and more useful, and there will be 20 one in every home. And computer studies will be one of the most important 21 in schools.
Second, people will work fewer hours than they did in the 20th century, and they’ll have more free time for sports, 22 TV and traveling. Traveling will be even cheaper and easier. And more people will go to 23 countries for holidays.
Third, there will be changes in our food, too. People will use more land 24 new towns and houses. Then there will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive. Maybe no one will eat it every day, instead, they will eat more vegetables and fruit. Maybe people will be healthier.
Last, work in the future will be 25 , too. Robots will do the dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people won’t have enough work to do. This will be a problem.
( )16.A.take place B.take the place C.will happen D.have taken place
( )17.A.but B.and C.so D.or
( )18.A.will be B.will have C.are D.have
( )19.A.very B.quite C.much D.too
( )20.A.at most B.at least C.more than D.less than
( )21.A.classes B.lessons C.topics D.subjects
( )22.A.watch B.watching C.see D.seeing
( )23.A.another B.the other C.other D.others
( )24.A.build B.builds C.for build D.to build
( )25.A.dangerous B.difficult C.different D.the same
Ⅳ.阅读理解。（30分）
(A)
Each nation has many people who help to take care of others. For example, some high school and college students in the U.S.A. often spend many hours as volunteers in the hospitals, orphanages (孤儿院) or rest homes. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems.
Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up or repair their houses, do their shopping or mow (割，修剪) their lawns. For boys who no longer have fathers, there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and some other men take these boys to baseball games or fishing trips and help them get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers.
Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games. Some of these clubs show films or organize short trips to the mountains or some places of interest. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to know the problems and needs of young boys and girls.
Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.
根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。
( )26.In America, it takes most of high school and college students little time to be volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or rest homes.
( )27.Some young volunteers can go and play in the homes of people who are sick or old.
( )28.If a boy has no father, he can get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers in an organization called Big Brothers.
( )29.Most of the clubs don’t like to use the high school and college students as volunteers because they’re too young to remember anything.
( )30.If you bring happiness to others, you will feel happy too.
(B)
It is said that as the population of a city grows, so do its problems. Pollution, too many cars, and crowded streets are just a few of the problems. One way to deal with these problems is city trains. Traveling to different parts of a city by train means fewer cars and buses on our roads, cleaner air and more open streets. In recent years, cities such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Shanghai have all built city train lines.
The first city train line in China was built in Beijing. The oldest part of the train line, from Beijing Zhan to Ping Guo Yuan was opened in 1969. Its length was 23.6 kilometers. With the development of the city after 1980, more trains are needed. A new train line was built to help move people around the city center. The 16-kilometer-long “circle line” was finished in 1987. Since that time even more train stations have been built and today the train lines in the city are over 50 kilometers long.
For the 2008 Olympic Games, the trains of Beijing was very important. Most of the people who went to watch the different sports games during the Olympic Games traveled by train.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
( )31.This passage tells us about _____.
A.the problems in big cities B.city trains
C.the history of Beijing D.2008 Olympic Games
( )32.How long was the first train line in Beijing?
A.About 16 kms. B.About 23 kms.
C.About 33 kms. D.About 50 kms.
( )33.In 1977, which of the following places in Beijing could you go to by train?
A.Chao Yang Men. B.An Ding Men.
C.Che Gong Zhuang. D.He Ping Men.
( )34.When was the 16-kilometer-long “circle line” finished in Beijing?
A.In 1969. B.In 1980. C.In 1987. D.In 2008.
( )35.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.In 2008, the Beijing train line was nearly 40 years old.
B.The larger population a city has, the fewer problems it faces.
C.More and more cities are building underground train lines for the 2008 Olympic Games.
D.There are 30 stations on the “circle line” in Beijing.
(C)
In Europe many people died during World WarⅡ. As a result, at the end of the war there were many orphans (孤儿) there. A man called Hermann Gmeiner wanted to help these children. His idea was simple. He wanted the orphans to have a home, and to have the care and kindness of parents. Gmeiner asked people to raise some money. With the money he built the first SOS Children’s Village at Imst, in Australia. It opened in 1949. This is how the SOS Children’s Village started. The letters SOS stand for“Save Our Souls (灵魂)”. This means “please help us!” The SOS Children’s Village gives help to orphans.
Hermann Gmeiner’s idea of helping orphans soon spread all over the world. By 1983, there were 170 SOS Children’s Villages in the world. People in many countries give money to help the villages. Today the children from the first children’s village have grown up. Now some of them work in other SOS Children’s Villages. In SOS Villages orphans live in family groups. There are several houses in each village. The biggest villages have 40 or 50 houses! From seven to ten children live in a house. A woman lives with each group of children and looks after them. She gives the children a lot of love and kindness. She cooks for them and makes a comfortable and happy home for them.
Of course, the children don’t spend all their time in the village. They go to school, go out with their friends and also go to town. But the village gives them a home—for the first time in their lives.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
36.What do we call a child who has no parents?
________________________________________________
37.What do the letters “SOS” stand for?
________________________________________________
38.How many SOS Children’s Villages in the world were there by 1983?
________________________________________________
39.Can the woman who lives with the orphans do some cooking for the children?
________________________________________________
40.The children don’t spend all their time in the village, do they?
________________________________________________
第三部分 写作（25分）
Ⅰ.词汇。（10分）
(A) 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
1.The government p_____ homeless people with nice homes.
2.Do you know what the p_____ of this passage is?
3.Project Hope is a s_____ service program to help poor students.
4.Some i_____ have changed our life. They make the world become better.
5.As a m_____ of fact, she didn’t know the thing at all.
(B) 根据句意，用所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。
mention, homeless, at home and abroad, get used to, in need
6.It’s reported that there is a wonderful program to help ________ people return to work.
7.He tried to find out the problems ________ in the article.
8.Project Hope has raised much money from people ________.
9.Sooner or later I think you will ________ working here.
10.A friend ________ is a friend in deed.
Ⅱ.英汉互译。（5分）
11.As a matter of fact, it is a program that helps homeless people.
___________________________________________________________
12.You shouldn’t leave. You’d better see it for yourself.
___________________________________________________________
13.她来北京3年了。（用for）
___________________________________________________________
14.他们力争让流浪儿童重新过上正常的生活。
___________________________________________________________
15.大多数人因气候寒冷而生病。
___________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.书面表达。（10分）
根据下面提示写一篇80词左右的日记。
1.5月1日，星期六，天气晴朗；
2.上午9点，我和同学们一起去农村参观，沿途看到许多稻田、树林、工厂、商店和学校；
3.10点到12点我们参观了10户农家，了解到不少农民因种菜和养蚕而致富，有的还买了彩电，生活比以前好多了。据说有几位美国朋友还要来参观呢！
4.祝愿他们的生活越来越好。
参考词汇: 养蚕raise silkworms
第二部分 基础知识运用
Ⅰ. 1.D buy (bought) 是非延续性动词，不能用表示时间段的完成时，它要换成相应的延续性动词。
2.B see for your self 意为“亲自看，亲自了解”。故选B。
3.A 本题主要考查once的用法。表示“一旦……就……”，故选A。
4.B 本题考查词组provide sb. with sth. 提供某人某物。故选B。
5.A 本题考查强调句型结构It is +adj.+ for sb. + to do sth. 和词组be good for sb. to do sth.
的运用。故选A。
6.C 根据句意及句型结构可知，此处需要的是形容词。A是副词，B、D词意不符。
7.C used to be“过去常常是”，get used to“习惯于……”。
8.A since“自从……以来”，主句是现在完成时态，从句是since引导的时间状语从句。
9.B aim to do sth. 意为“目的是，力求达到”，又因前有be动词，因此用-ing形式。故选B。
10.C in the past 2 years 为介词短语做时间状语，通常与现在完成时连用，故选C。
Ⅱ. 11.C 12.D 13.A 14.E 15.B
Ⅲ. 16.C 表示将要发生的变化，用将来时，故选C。
17.B 此句用and表示顺承。故选B。
18.A 根据本句的并列句and most of them will live longer than before推断本句也是将来
时态，there be的将来表现为“there will be”形式。故选A。
19.C 在比较级前常用much, even, a lot等来加强语气，此句是用much来加强比较级语
气的。表示“计算机将会小得多而且更有用”。故选C。
20.B 本题考查at least这个短语，表示“至少”。故选B。
21.D 计算机的学习是一门学科的学习，而不是话题或是课程的学习，subject 指学科， classes和lessons 指课程。故选D。
22.B 介词for后加动名词短语，watching TV构成介词短语在本句中作目的状语。故选
B。
23.C another限定修饰单数名词, the other用于one … the other句式中，表示“一个……
另一个……”，others相当于other countries而本句中空后有countries。故选C。
24.D 本题用不定式来作目的状语。故选D。
25.C 根据题意: 未来的工作也将是不同的。故选C。
Ⅳ.（A）
26.F 由文章第一段 … some high school and college students … or rest homes. 可知此句
话错误。
27.F 由Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people... mow their lawns. 可
知此句话错误。
28.T 由For boys who no longer … from their fathers. 可知此句话正确。
29.F 由Most of these clubs use a lot of high school ... young boys and girls. 可知此句话错
误。
30.T 由文章最后一句话可知此句话正确。
（B）
31.B 由全文内容来看，讲述的都是有关城市中火车的话题。
32.B 由Its length was 23.6 kilometers. 可知选B。
33.D 由The oldest part of the train line, from Beijing Zhan to Ping Guo Yuan was opened in
1969. 以及文中的图表可知选D。
34.C 由The 16-kilometer-long“circle line”was finished in 1987. 可知选C。
35.A 用排除法可知B项与文中内容It is said that as the population of a city grows, so do
its problems. 可知B项错误。文中只是讲述北京市内火车的情况，因此可排除C
项。从图示中可查出北京环线内的具体站数应为19，故D项排除。
（C）
36.We call him an orphan.
37.They stand for “Save Our Souls”.
38.There were 170.
39.Yes, she can.
40.No, they don’t.
第三部分 写作
Ⅰ.（A）1.provides 2.purpose 3.social 4.inventions 5.matter
（B）6.homeless 7.mentioned 8.at home and abroad 9.get used to 10.in need
Ⅱ.11.实际上，它是一个帮助无家可归的人的组织。
12.你不该离开，最好亲自看看。
13.She has been in Beijing for three years.
14.They aim to make homeless children return to a normal life.
15.Most people are sick because of the cold weather.
Ⅲ.参考范文:
May 1st, Saturday Sunny
At nine in the morning, I went to the countryside with my classmates. On the way we saw many rice fields and woods on both sides of the road. Farmers have built factories, shops and schools in many villages. Between ten and twelve we visited ten families. Many farmers who grew vegetables and raised silkworms became rich. Some families have bought color TV. Their life is much better than before. It’s said that some American friends would come to visit their village, too. I hope the farmers’ life will be better and better.