初中英语中考情态动词考点及练习(无答案)

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名称 初中英语中考情态动词考点及练习(无答案)
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情态动词
【情态动词】
又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点:

它们必须与其他动词连用,即:情态动词+动词原形
表示说话人对所述动作的看法,如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。

绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即第三人称单数不加-s
(以be和have
开头的情态动词短语除外)。

在意义上,情态动词具有“多义性”。
例:can既可表示能力,又可表示可能、允许等意义。
【情态动词的基本用法】
1.
can的基本用法:

表示体力或智力上的能力,即“能够,会”,可与be
able
to转换。
例:He
can
speak
English.
=
He
is
able
to
speak
English.?
—Can
you
play
basketball??

No,
I
can’t.?
如果表示将来具备的能力,要用will
be
able
to。
例:If
I
have
a
good
sleep,
I
will
be
able
to
do
the
problem.?

表示许可,主要用于口语,书面语一般用may。
例:—Can
we
go
home
now,
please??

No,
you
can’t.?
You
can
only
smoke
in
this
room.?
You
can’t
keep
the
library
books
for
more
than
a
month.?

表示“可能”,与may同义,但一般用在疑问句中。
例:What
can
he
possibly
want?
在否定句中,否定形式can’t表示推测“不大可能”。
例:Anybody
can
make
mistakes.?
The
news
can’t
be
true.?
与第一、二人称连用时,还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里,也可用could使语气婉转。
例:Can
/
Could
we
meet
again
next
week??
下周我们可以再见面吗?
—What
shall
we
do??
我们怎么办呢?

We
can
/
could
try
asking
Lucy
for
help.?——我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。
You
can
/
could
help
me
with
the
cooking.?
你可以帮我做饭。
2.
may的基本用法:

表示“许可”,用can比较口语化。
例:You
may
/
can
come
if
you
wish.?
如果你想来,你就来。
You
may
not
pick
flowers
in
this
park.
?本公园内不许摘花。
(may
not表示按规定不许可,如果用mustn’t则表示说话人不许可。)
—May
I
smoke
here??
我可以在这里抽烟吗?
—No,
you
mustn’t.?不行。(mustn’t表示明确的禁止。)

肯定句中表示推测,“可能”。
例:It
may
rain
tomorrow.?
明天可能会下雨。
The
news
may
not
be
true.?
这个消息可能不会是真的。
注意:如果在疑问句中表示“可能”,通常用can。
例:Can
it
be
true??
那会是真的吗?
Who
can
he
be??
他究竟是谁呢?

【注意】:—May
I/we……?
—Yes,
you
may./—No,
you
mustn’t.?
3.
must的基本用法:

表示必须,强调说话人的主观意志。
例:I
must
go
now,
or
I’ll
be
late.?
You
must
be
here
by
ten
o’clock.?
【注意】:表示“必须“时,must的否定式为needn’t
,或don’t
have
to
,而不是mustn’t。
也就是:—Must
I/we
do
it
now?
—Yes,
you
must
.
—No,
you
needn’t
/don’t
have
to
.?
例:—Must
I
go
with
them??
—No,
you
.?

表示推测,一般只用于肯定陈述句,表示非常肯定。
例:She
didn’t
look
at
me.
She
must
be
angry.?
她不朝我看,一定是生气了。
He
is
good
at
English.
He
must
know
the
word.?
他英语好,准知道这个词。
You
must
be
Mr.
Jones.?
想必您就是琼斯先生吧。
4.
have
to的基本用法:
have
to可视为情态动词,但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化,而have
to却有人称和数的变化,要视主语的不同而变化。
例:I
/
You
/
We
/
They
have
to….
He
/
She
/
It
has
to….
You
don’t
have
to….
Does
she
have
to…?
have
to
=have
got
to,意思是“必须,不得不”。
和must不同之处:must强调主观需要
have
to强调客观需要。
例:Sorry,
I
have
to
leave
now.?
对不起,现在我得走了。
I’ve
got
to
go
to
a
meeting.?
我得去参加一个会议。
Will
he
have
to
work
deep
into
the
night??
他将不得不工作到深夜吗?
5.
need的基本用法:
need的基本词义是“需要”,它既可作情态动词,又可作实义动词。

need用作情态动词时,只用于否定句和疑问句。它只有一种形式,后接动词原形。
例:I
don’t
believe
you
need
worry.?
我相信你没有必要焦急。
—Need
we
go
so
soon??我们需要这么早就去吗?

Yes,
we
must.
/
No,
we
needn’t.??是的,必须。/不,不必。
So
I
needn’t
tell
him,
need
I??
所以我不需要告诉他,对吧?
请比较以下两句话的不同意思:
You
needn’t
buy
the
coat.?
你没有必要买那件外衣。(你还没买)
You
needn’t
have
bought
the
coat.?
你没有必要买这件外衣的。(而你却买了)
【注意】:—Need
I/we……?
—Yes,you
must
./—No,
you
needn’t
/
don’t
have
to
.

need用作实义动词时,有时态、人称和数的变化。
如果人作主语,一般后接带to的动词不定式。即need
to
do
sth;
如果物作主语,一般后用need
to
be
done
或need
doing
sth。
例如:I
need
to
look
up
this
word
in
the
dictionary.?
My
watch
needs
mending/to
be
mended.?
我的手表需要修理了。
We
don’t
need
to
work
today.?
(=
We
needn’t
work
today.)?
Does
he
need
to
go
right
now??
(=
Need
he
go
right
now?)?
6.
had
better的基本用法:
had
better常略作’d
better。现代语法认为它是一个助动词,因为它后接不带to的动词不定式。
had
better
do
sth意思是“最好做某事;还是做某事比较好”。
例:You’d
better
get
some
sleep.?
你最好睡一会儿。
You’d
better
not
do
that
again.?
你最好别再做那件事。
What
had
we
better
do
now??
我们现在怎么做才好呢?
Hadn’t
we
better
tell
her
the
truth??
我们是否最好不告诉她真相?
【注意】:You’d
better….表示劝告或委婉的命令,对长辈不宜使用。
7.?could,
should,
would,
might表示推测:
①.
must多用于肯定句中表示把握性极大的推测,意思为“一定、肯定”。
如:
You
have
worked
hard
all
day.
You
must
be
tired.
你已辛苦工作一整天了,一定累了。
The
book
must
be
his.
His
name
is
on
the
cover.
这本书一定是他的,封面上写着他的名字。
【注意】
must不表推测时,在肯定句中意思为“必须(强调内在的职责)”,在否定句中意思为“不许、禁止”,以它开头的疑问句否定回答常用needn’t或don’t
(doesn’t)
have
to。
如:We
must
obey
the
traffic
rules.
我们必须遵守交通规则。
Cars
mustn’t
be
parked
here.
此处严禁停车。
—Must
we
hand
in
the
papers
this
week?
我们必须本星期交论文吗?
—No,
you
needn’t.
不,你们不必(本星期交)。
②.
can
/
could多用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中表示推测、怀疑,两者在时间上没有差别。用can时不相信的程度更强一些,
can’t常常译为“不可能”。
如:The
man
under
the
tree
can’t
be
Tom.
He’s
gone
to
England.
这个人不可能是Tom,他已经去英国了。
Can
it
be
true
that
he
was
fooled
by
a
five-year-old
boy?
他被一个五岁的孩子愚弄了,这能是真的吗?
Could
this
be
an
excuse?
这会不会是个借口?
How
can
you
be
so
careless!
你怎么这样粗心!
③.may
/
might多用来表示把握性不大的推测,意思为“也许、可能”,
might比may的把握性更小一些。
may
not在否定句中常常译为“可能不”。(注意区分“不可能”与“可能不”在把握性大小上的差异。)
如:Mr.
Wang
may
know
Professor
Li’s
telephone
number.王先生也许知道李教授的电话号码。
This
might
be
the
key
Tom
has
been
looking
for.这可能就是汤姆一直在找的钥匙。
She
may
not
be
there
today.
今天她可能不在那儿。
1、
典型例题
【中考链接】

)1.—Who
is
the
man
over
there?
Is
it
Mr.
Li??

No,
it
______
be
him.
Mr.
Li
is
much
taller.
A.
mustn’t
?B.
may
no
C.
can’t
?
D.
needn’t

)2.—Must
I
go
with
them
tomorrow?

No,you
______.
A.
mustn't?
?
B.
shouldn't?
?
C.
needn't?
?
D.
can't

)3.—______
I
take
some
photos
in
the
hall??

No,
you
______.
A.
Can,
needn’t?
B.
Must,
mustn’t
C.
Could,
won’t
D.
May,
mustn’t

)4.—Dad,
must
I
finish
my
homework
today?
—No,
you
________.
You
may
do
it
tomorrow.
A.
needn’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
don’t
D.
won’t

)5.—The
lake
is
said
to
be
dry.
Is
that
true?
—It
_______.Look,
some
kids
are
swimming
in
it.
A.
must
be
true
B.
can’t
be
true
C.
may
not
be
true

)6.—What
is
your
mother
going
to
do
this
Saturday?
—I’m
not
sure.
She
_____
go
to
see
my
grandmother.
A.
can
B.
must
C.
may

)7.—Susan
has
bought
a
large
house
with
a
swimming
pool.
—It
______
be
very
expensive.
I
never
even
dream
about
it.
A.
must
B.
might
C.
can’t
D.
shouldn’t

)8.—Listen!
Is
Professor
Johnson
giving
a
report
in
the
hall?
—No,
it
be
him.
He
has
gone
to
Japan.
A.
needn’t
B.
may
not
C.
mustn’t
D.
can’t

)9.—Let’s
go
to
the
West
Hill
Park
by
taxi.
—Oh,
it
is
not
far
away
from
here.
We
_______take
a
taxi.
A.
couldn’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
needn’t
D.
can’t

)10.—Can
you
play
the
piano?
—Yes,
I
_______.
I
often
practice
it
on
weekends.
A.
needn’t
B.
need
C.
can’t
D.
can
三、课后练习
一、用can,
may,
must,
need,
have
to,
had
better的适当形式填空:
1.?
You
________________
return
the
library
book
on
time.
2.?
I
______________
(not)
find
the
way
to
the
hospital.
_______________
you
show
me
the
way?
3.???
—________________
I
finish
the
work
right
now?

No,
you
________________
(not).
You
____________
do
it
later.
4.??
He
said
he
________________
(not)
come
tonight.
5.?
Her
mother
was
ill.
She
________________
stay
at
home
and
look
after
her.
6.???
It’s
time
for
class.
You
________________
stop
playing
football
or
you
__________be
late
for
class.
7.??
We
________________
start
right
now,
or
they
would
get
there
first.
8.??
The
cloud
is
lifting,
so
it
________________
(not)
be
a
rainy
day
tomorrow.
二、选择填空

)1.—Do
we
have
to
finish
our
homework
this
afternoon?
—Yes,
you
________.
A.
must
B.
can
C.
may
D.
need

)2.
—Must
I
be
in
hospital
for
a
week,
Doctor??
?
—No,
you
?????.
You
can
go
back
home
tomorrow.?
A.
mustn’t???????
B.
needn’t???
C.
must?

)3.
The
desk
is
not
dirty.
You
_______clean
it.
A.
mustn’t
B.
shouldn’t
C.
needn’t
C.
can’t

)4.
—May
I
watch
TV
for
a
while?
—No,
you
_______.
You
have
to
finish
your
homework
first.
A.
shouldn’t
B.
needn’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
won’t

)5.—Is
Jessica
giving
us
a
speech
this
evening?
—No,
it
________be
her.
She________
to
Japan.
A.
mustn’t;
has
gone
B.
mustn’t
;has
been
C.
can’t
;has
gone
D.
can’t
;has
been

)6.
It’s
the
library!
So
you________
know
shouting
is
not
allowed
here.
A.
can
B.
must
C.
need
D.
may

)7.
Boys
and
girls,
don’t
forget
your
report
.
It
______
today.
A.
can’t
finish
B.
can’t
be
finished
C.
should
finish
D.
should
be
finished

)8.—Mr
Smith
must
have
been
to
your
home
this
morning.
—No,
he
______
,because
he
didn’t
know
my
address.
A.
couldn’t
B.
can’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
may
not

)9.
—Must
I
mop
up
the
window
now?
—No,
you________.
A.
needn’t
B.
can’t
C.
shouldn’t
D.
mustn’t

)10.
—Is
Lucy
knocking
at
the
door?
—No.
It
________
be
Lucy.
She
is
in
Japan
now.
A.
needn’t
B.
must
C.
can’t

)11.
—Another
cup
of
coffee?
—No,
thanks.
I
_____
be
off.
Mary
is
waiting
for
me.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
might

)12.
—I’m
a
little
tired.
Let’s
go
to
the
zoo
by
taxi.
—We
take
a
taxi.
It’s
not
far
from
here.
A.
can’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
couldn’t
D.
needn’t

)13.
If
the
traffic
light
is
red,
you
________
cross
the
road.
It’s
very
dangerous.
A.
don’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
needn’t
D.
wouldn’t

)14.
—Must
I
finish
watering
the
flowers
now?
—No,
you________.
A.
must
B.
won’t
C.
needn’t
D.
can’t

)15.
—I
can’t
give
up
smoking,
doctor.
—For
your
health,
I’m
afraid
you
________.
A.
may
B.
can
C.
have
to
D.
must
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