语法专项突破 专题四 各具特色的句法 第2讲 定语及定语从句 含答案

语法专项突破
专题四
各具特色的句法
第2讲
定语及定语从句
解题指导
“缺什么，补什么”，准确选用关系词
1.如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少主语，限制性定语从句中用who/that；非限制性定语从句用who
2.如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少宾语，限制性定语从句中用who/that/whom；非限制性定语从句用whom
3.如果先行词指物，定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，限制性定语从句中用which/that；非限制性定语从句用which.
4.如果先行词指时间或地点，定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语，定语从句中用when/where；
如果从句中缺少的是主语或宾语，则用that/which。
5.不论先行词指人还是物，只要关系词在定语从句中作定语就用
whose
6.如果先行词指人，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whom，如果先行词指物，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用which
基础训练
一、单选题
1.Kae,
_________sister
I
shared
a
room
with
when
we
were
at
college,
has
gone
to
work
in
Australia.
A.?whom???????????????????????????????????B.?that???????????????????????????????????C.?whose???????????????????????????????????D.?her
2.The
little
problems
________
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives
may
be
inspirations
for
great
inventions.
A.?that????????????????????????????????????B.?as????????????????????????????????????C.?where????????????????????????????????????D.?when
3.The
number
of
smokers,
___________
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
A.?it??????????????????????????????????????B.?which??????????????????????????????????????C.?what??????????????????????????????????????D.?as
4.She
and
her
family
bicycle
to
work,
_________
helps
them
keep
fit.
A.?which?????????????????????????????????????B.?who?????????????????????????????????????C.?as?????????????????????????????????????D.?that
5.The
only
one
in
our
office
that
is
familiar
with
the
new
system
is
Jimmy,
in
_____
absence,
we
had
no
choice
but
to
wait.
?
A.?whom??????????????????????????????????B.?whose??????????????????????????????????C.?who??????????????????????????????????D.?that
6.Was
it
through
Mary
_____
was
working
at
a
high
school
_____
you
got
to
know
Tom?
?
A.?who;
whom???????????????????????B.?that;
which???????????????????????C.?who;
that???????????????????????D.?that;
who
7.Finding
a
time
______
suits
everyone
is
going
to
be
difficult.
A.?that???????????????????????????????????B.?when???????????????????????????????????C.?what???????????????????????????????????D.?where
8.The
anti-epidemic
fight
is
like
a
time-limited
race
_______
all
medical
care
personnel
make
every
effort
to
people's
lives.
A.?that??????????????????????????????????B.?when??????????????????????????????????C.?which??????????????????????????????????D.?where
9.George
Washington
was
born
in
1732
in
a
rich
family
in_____?is
now
the
state
of
Virginia.
A.?which??????????????????????????????????B.?where??????????????????????????????????C.?that??????????????????????????????????D.?what
10.We're
listed
some
of
the
most
famous
flowers??_____have
a
special
significance.
A.?what?????????????????????????????????????B.?that?????????????????????????????????????C.?where?????????????????????????????????????D.?/
11.Many
lessons
are
now
available
online,
from
_____
students
can
choose
for
free.
A.?whose?????????????????????????????????B.?which?????????????????????????????????C.?when?????????????????????????????????D.?whom
12.Dr.
Rowan,
______
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago,
has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.
A.?whose?????????????????????????????B.?of
whom?????????????????????????????C.?of
which?????????????????????????????D.?which
13.He
shouts
when
he
gets
angry,
_________
is
often
the
case.
A.?which????????????????????????????????????B.?that????????????????????????????????????C.?when????????????????????????????????????D.?as
14.I
am
looking
forward
to
the
day
________
my
daughter
can
read
this
book
and
know
my
feelings
for
her.
A.?as????????????????????????????????????B.?why????????????????????????????????????C.?when????????????????????????????????????D.?where
15.It
was
the
middle
of
the
night
?????????my
father
woke
me
up
and
told
me
to
watch
the
football
game.
A.?that????????????????????????????????????B.?as????????????????????????????????????C.?which????????????????????????????????????D.?when
16.Covid-19,
the
most
deadly
virus
in
recent
years,
began
to
attack
people
at
the
beginning
of
this
year,
from
________
effect
people
are
still
suffering.
A.?that??????????????????????????????????B.?those??????????????????????????????????C.?whose??????????????????????????????????D.?what
17.Detectives
are
investigating
the
company,
three
of
________
senior
executives
have
already
been
under
arrest.
A.?its???????????????????????????????????B.?which???????????????????????????????????C.?those???????????????????????????????????D.?whose
18.Henry
hopes
to
find
a
job
upon
graduation
____his
management
skills
can
be
put
to
good
use.
A.?that??????????????????????????????????B.?Which??????????????????????????????????C.?how??????????????????????????????????D.?where
19.On
the
top
of
the
hill?_____,_____the
old
man
once
lived.
A.?a
temple
stands
there,
in
which??????????????????????B.?stands
a
temple,
where
C.?a
temple
standing,
on
which???????????????????????????D.?does
a
temple
stand,
where
20.Some
great
people
said
it
was
their
primary
school
teachers
and
their
lessons_____they
were
fond
of_____?influenced
their
whole
lives.
A.?which;
that?????????????????????B.?that;
which?????????????????????C.?which;
which?????????????????????D.?that;
that
21.It
is
in
the
hall_____can
house
10,
000
people?_____the
opening
ceremony
of
the
Global
5G
Technology
Summit
will
be
held.
A.?which;
that????????????????????B.?where;
that????????????????????C.?which;
who????????????????????D.?where;
whom.
22.—
Why
does
she
always
ask
you
for
help?
—
There
is
no
one
else
_______,
is
there?
A.?who
to
turn
to????????????B.?for
her
to
turn????????????C.?for
whom
to
turn????????????D.?she
can
turn
to
23.—When
did
you
meet
him?
—It
was
on
the
day
_________
his
house
was
broken
into.
A.?that?????????????????????????????????B.?which?????????????????????????????????C.?in
which?????????????????????????????????D.?when
24.When
they
went
into
the
shop
and
asked
to
look
at
the
engagement
rings,
the
shop
assistant
brought
out
a
cheap
one,
________
she
has
arranged
with
James.
A.?which
was
that??????????????B.?what
was
that??????????????C.?which
was
what??????????????D.?that
was
that
25.It
was
in
that
small
house
________
was
built
with
stones
by
his
father
________
he
spent
his
childhood.
A.?that;
where????????????????????B.?which;
that????????????????????C.?which;
which????????????????????D.?that;
which
26.I
suspect_____
Facebook
has
done
to
invade
our
privacy
is
only
the
beginning,
_____
is
why
I
am
considering
cancelling
my
account.
A.?that,
which?????????????????B.?that
whatever,
which?????????????????C.?that
what,
that?????????????????D.?/,
that
27.Ms
Meng,
CFO
of
Huawei,
got
arrested
for
no
good
reason
in
Canada,
________
caused
great
anger
of
the
whole
nation
of
China.
A.?that?????????????????????????????????????B.?as?????????????????????????????????????C.?which?????????????????????????????????????D.?what
28.Alexander
Fleming
noted
that
it
was
a
dish_____he
was
trying
to
grow
bacteria
for
an
experiment
____looked
abnormal.
A.?where;
which???????????????????B.?which;
which???????????????????C.?that;
that???????????????????D.?in
which;
that
29.I
don't
like????
you
speak
to
her.
A.?the
way????????????????B.?the
way
in
that????????????????C.?the
way
which????????????????D.?the
way
of
which
30.The
man
took
out
a
knife
and
made
a
mark
____
his
sword
was
dropped,
confusing
the
passengers
on
board.
A.?from
where????????????????????????????B.?what????????????????????????????C.?on
which????????????????????????????D.?where
一、单句语法填空
1.People
who
seldom
do
sports
or
________
diet
is
high
in
fat
will
put
on
weight
quickly.
2.Soon
the
children
in
the
camp
had
many
new
friends,
with
________
they
shared
food
a
stories.
3.One
of
her
jobs
is
to
visit
the
countries
________
the
UN
operates
programmes.
4.This
is
the
best
novel
________?I
have
ever
read.
5.Below
is
the
only
idea
________
can
help
you
out.
6.As
a
teacher,
I
never
give
my
students
so
difficult
a
problem
________they
can't
solve.
7.She
studied
at
Peking
University,
after
________
she
went
on
to
have
her
further
study
abroad.
8.The
film
was
________
great
success,
________
received
several
awards
at
home
and
abroad.
9.The
driverless
cars
will
help
reduce
traffic
accidents
________?are
caused
by
human
drivers'
mistakes.
10.It
is
no
longer
the
place
________it
used
to
be.
11.He
lives
in
a
house,
in
front
of
________stands
a
tall
tree.
12.The
reason
________
he
is
always
making
the
same
mistake
is
that
he
never
follows
others'
advice.
13.The
United
Kingdom
has
a
long
and
interesting
history
to
explore,
________
can
help
you
understand
much
more
about
the
country
and
its
traditions.
14.Tom
is
the
boy________
mother
is
our
maths
teacher.
15.There
was
a
time
________I
hated
to
go
to
school.
16.He
wrote
a
letter________
he
explained
what
had
happened
in
the
accident.
17.Tell
us
the
day
________
you
are
coming,
and
we'll
prepare
your
room.
18.The
German
Football
Team
left
the
World
Cup
halfway,
________
made
its
fans
heartbroken.
19.________?is
reported,
the
activity
is
very
successful.
20.I
bought
a
book
________
I
think
could
help
me
with
my
grammar.
21.I'm
looking
for
a
store
________
organic
vegetables
are
sold.
22.I
borrowed
the
book
Sherlock
Holmes
from
the
library
last
week,
________?my
classmates
recommended
to
me.
23.My
parents
always
have
a
lot
of
farm
work
to
do.
They
usually
get
up
at
five
o'clock
________it's
still
dark.
24.This
is
the
pilot
with
________
my
brother
has
worked
for
ten
years.
25.The
tourist
wanted
to
book
a
room________
window
faces
south.
26.This
is
the
best
way________
has
been
used
against
pollution.
27.The
reason________
I
got
a
job
was
that
I
worked
hard.
28.Victims
thank
those
________
helped
them
rebuild
after
an
earthquake
in
2013.
29.Jim
passed
the
driving
test,
________
surprised
everybody
in
the
office.
30.The
reason
________
you
explained
at
the
meeting
was
not
sound.
31.The
little
girl
wrote
a
thank-you
letter
to
the
firefighter
by
________
she
was
rescued.
32.English
is
a
language
shared
by
several
cultures,
each
of
________
sees
it
differently.
33.Workers
built
shelters
for
survivors
________
homes
had
been
destroyed.
34.You
should
pay
more
attention
to
the
rainforest
________
I
live
and
appreciate
how
the
animals
live
together.
35.They
offered
to
send
me
to
the
airport,
________
I
was
very
grateful
for.
36.I
should
say
thanks
to
my
dear
friends,
without
________help
I
wouldn't
have
achieved
such
great
success.
37.Life
is
like
a
race
________
we
all
compete
with
ourselves
against
time.
38.The
musicians
were
to
play
jokes
on
each
other
as
well
as
play
music，most
of
________
was
based
loosely
on
the
Beatles.
39.Watch
out!
Don't
get
close
to
the
building
________
walls
are
being
painted.
40.The
boss
of
the
company
is
trying
to
create
an
easy
atmosphere________his
employees
enjoy
their
work.
41.He
was
chosen
to
attend
the
ceremony,
________made
us
proud
of
him.
42.The
woman,
________was
attending
the
children,
offered
us
a
good
meal.
43.His
theory
is
the
basis
on
________many
theories
about
education
are
built.
44.He
has
two
sons,
both
of
________
are
staying
abroad.
45.________
the
Chinese
saying
goes,
good
is
rewarded
with
good,
and
evil
with
evil.
46.The
person
________
the
girl
turned
to
for
help
worked
as
a
senior
school
teacher.
47.The
old
lady
was
visited
by
four
lovely
kids,
________
laughter
made
the
empty
big
house
come
to
life
immediately.
48.I
live
next
door
to
a
couple
________
children
often
make
a
lot
of
noise.
49.
Gone
are
the
days
________?surgery
meant
cutting
a
patient
open.
Modern
medicine
offers
doctors
less
invasive
tools
to
operate
on
disease?stricken
bodies.
50.语法填空
???
Xiao
Lei
flew
to
London
six
months
ago
to
study
for
a
business
qualification
and
it
was
the
first
time
that
she________?(leave)
her
motherland.
Her
preparation
course
is
helping
her
to
get
used
________?the
academic
________(require)
of
a
Western
university.
???
Her
tutor
told
her
not
to
write
________other
people
had
said
without
acknowledging
them
and
that
she
should
read________(difference)
texts
that
contain
various
opinions
and
give
her
own.
She
had
to
learn
how
to
use
the
phone,
how
to
pay
bus
fare
and
how
to
ask
________?shopkeeper
for
things
she
didn't
know
the
English
for.
???
________?(live)
with
a
host
family________she
says,
gives
her
chances
to
adjust
to
the
new
environment
quickly.
Besides,
she
has
learnt
a
bit
________?(much)
to
balance
her
study
and
life.
We
wish
her
all
the
best
and
seek
for
a
job
________?(success)
after
graduation.
强化训练
易错积累
一、单句语法填空
1.Kate,
__________sister
I
shared
a
room
with
when
we
were
at
college,
has
gone
to
work
in
Australia.
2.Self-driving
is
an
area__________China
and
the
rest
of
the
world
are
on
the
same
starting
line.
3.
As
the
smallest
child
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
time________he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
4.China
Today
attracts
worldwide
readership________shows
that
more
and
more
people
all
over
the
world
want
to
learn
about
China.
5.
The
number
of
smokers,
________is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
6.
I
have
made
a
habit
of
saying
"Thank
you"
to
those
________offer
their
seats
to
the
fellow
passengers
on
public
transport.
7.
At
Pets
Corner,
we
have
always
tried
to
apply
an
honest
and
moral
approach
to
everything
________we
do.
8.
Get
yourself
familiar
with
local
laws
and
customs
of
the
countries
to
________you
are
traveling.
9.
It
was
a
time________my
family
was
going
through
financial
difficulties.
10.
This
is
such
a
place________all
the
people
across
the
world
are
dreaming
of
visiting.
真题演练
一、单句语法填空
1.
Two
of
the
authors
of
the
review
also
made
a
study
published
in
2014
__________showed
a
mere
five
to
10
minutes
a
day
of
running
reduced
the
risk
of
heart
disease
and
early
deaths
from
all
causes.
2.
Many
westerners
__________come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
it
can
be
to
eat
out.
3.
But
Sarah,
__________
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
to
prove
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
4.
Pahlsson
and
her
husband
now
think
the
ring
probably
got
swept
into
pile
of
kitchen
rubbish
and
was
spread
over
the
garden,
__________it
remained
until
the
carrot's
leafy
top
accidentally
sprouted(生长)
through
it.
For
Pahlsson,
its
return
was
a
wonder.
5.
But
my
connection
with
pandas
goes
back
to
my
days
on
TV
show
in
the
mid-1980s,
__________I
was
the
first
Western
TV
reporter
permitted
to
film
a
special
unit
caring
for
pandas
rescued
from
starvation
in
the
wild.
6.
Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
__________lived
from
roughly
551
to
479B.C.,
influenced
the
development
of
chopsticks.
模拟冲关
一、单句语法填空
1.
In
the
following
years,
there
were
fewer
drop-outs
and
more
college
graduates
in
my
village,
__________
I
am
proud
of
even
today.
2.
Being
in
a
big,
busy
building
in
a
country
_________I
could
not
speak
the
language
made
me
nervous,
but
as
I
found
my
way,
I
gained
confidence.
3.
The
report
has
also
drawn
criticism,
with
some
scientists
arguing
that
the
data
on
_________it
is
based
is
not
wide
and
representative
enough
to
generate
a
single
number
for
the
decline
of
wildlife
worldwide.
4.
After
some
time,
when
both
of
you
have
renewed
your
confidence
in
each
other,
go
back
to
the
time___________you
nearly
fell
apart
5.
Badaling
is
the
most
famous
of
the
five
sections
__________lie
near
Beijing
and
can
be
accessed
easily.
6.
Beijing
Opera
has
a
history
of
200
years,
____________origin
can
be
seen
as
old
local
operas,
especially
Anhui
Opera.
7.
The
teen,__________is
black
and
only
speaks
some
basic
Chinese,
has
been
praised
by
teachers
since
he
picked
up
the
music
as
kindergartener.
8.
In
addition,
due
to
people's
awful
impression
of
the
smoking
people,
the
habit
will
limit
our
social
network,
________will
finally
lead
to
loneliness.
9.___________is
widely
accepted,
in
the
Middle
East
Arabs
greet
each
other
by
touching
noses,
but
this
is
not
a
polite
way
of
greeting
in
other
cultures.
10.
The
products,
several
of
_________have
been
recently
introduced,
seem
to
be
well
accepted.
语法填空
A
bridge
is
structure
built
1._________(cross)
river,
road,
valley
and
so
on.
Designs
of
bridges
differ
depending
2.__________
the
function
of
the
bridge
and
the
nature
of
the
land
where
the
bridge
is
constructed.
The
first
bridges
3.___________(make)
of
wooden
logs.
Most
of
these
early
bridges
were
poorly
built
and
could
rarely
support
heavy
weights.
It
was
this
inadequacy
that
4.___________(lead)
to
the
development
of
better
bridges.
The
arch
was
first
used
for
bridges
by
the
Roman
Empire,
some
of
5.___________still
stand
today.
The
oldest
surviving
arch
stone
bridge
in
China
is
the
Zhaozhou
Bridge,
6.___________(date)
back
to
the
Sui
Dynasty.
The
great
bridge
expert
Mao
Yisheng
once
said
that
1,300
years
was
enough
to
prove
the
completeness
of
its
entire
structure.
The
bridge
is
complex
yet
elegantly
constructed.
Taking
in
the
whole
view,
you
will
find
it
a
single-arch
bridge.
However,
it
is
actually
a
vertical
combination
of
twenty-eight
7.___________(arch).
The
two
smaller
spans(桥拱)
in
the
shoulders
of
the
bridge
is
a
8.___________(create)
invention
in
the
history
of
the
bridge
construction,
giving
the
stone
bridge
a
9.___________(fair)
pretty
design.
This
bridge
will
continue
to
stand
there
not
only
as
a
tourist
attraction
10.___________a
treasure
for
everyone
to
enjoy.
基础训练答案
一、单选题
1.【答案】
C
2.【答案】
A
3.【答案】
D
4.【答案】
A
5.【答案】
B
6.【答案】
C
7.【答案】
A
8.【答案】
D
9.【答案】
D
10.【答案】
B
11.【答案】
B
12.【答案】
A
13.【答案】
D
14.【答案】
C
15.【答案】
D
16.【答案】
C
17.【答案】
D
18.【答案】
D
19.【答案】
B
20.【答案】
D
21.【答案】
A
22.【答案】
D
23.【答案】
D
24.【答案】
C
25.【答案】
B
26.【答案】
B
27.【答案】
C
28.【答案】
D
29.【答案】
A
30.【答案】
D
一、语法填空
1.【答案】
whose
2.【答案】
whom
3.【答案】
where
4.【答案】that
5.【答案】that
6.【答案】as
7.【答案】
which
8.【答案】a；which
9.【答案】
which/
that
10.【答案】
that
11.【答案】
which
12.【答案】
why
13.【答案】
which
14.【答案】
whose
15.【答案】
when
16.【答案】
where
17.【答案】
when
18.【答案】
which
19.【答案】
As
20.【答案】
which/that
21.【答案】
where
22.【答案】
which
23.【答案】
when
24.【答案】
whom
25.【答案】
whose
26.【答案】
that
27.【答案】
why
28.【答案】
who
29.【答案】
which
30.【答案】
that/which
31.【答案】
whom
32.【答案】
which
33.【答案】
whose
34.【答案】
where
35.【答案】
which
36.【答案】
whose
37.【答案】
where
38.【答案】
which
39.【答案】
whose
40.【答案】
where
41.【答案】
which
42.【答案】
who
43.【答案】
which
44.【答案】
whom
45.【答案】
As
46.【答案】
whom
47.【答案】
whose
48.【答案】
whose
49.【答案】
when
50.【答案】had
left；to；requirement；what；different；a；Living；as；more；successfully
强化训练答案
易错积累：1.whose
2.where
3.when
4.which
5.as
6.who
7.that
8.which
9.when
10.as
真题演练：1.that/which
2.who/that
3.who
4.where
5.when
6.
who
模拟冲关：1.which
2.where
3.which
4.when
5.which/that
6.whose
7.who
8.which
9.As
10.which
语法填空：1.to
cross
2.on/upon
3.were
made
4.led
5.which
6.dating
7.arches
8.creative
9.fairly
10.but