初中中考英语真题完形填空系列2-人物传记故事类汇编 15（含答案和解析）

中考完形填空真题-人物传记故事
15
1.（2018·北京）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Real Solutions（解决方法） to Problems
??? Thirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young and eager to learn. The management decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problems
??? One day, the team was called for a 1 in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various 2 . As they entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flat balloons
??? The manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up. Then they were asked to write their names on their respective(各自的)balloons 3 so that the balloons wouldn't blow out. All tried, but not everyone was 4 . Five balloons blew out due to pressure（压力）.
??? Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were 5 ?out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloons carrying their names were 6 ?and then put into a room, here and there.
??? The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his or her name on. All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush. It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to 7 ?the right one. The second level of the game was over.
??? Then came the final level, the engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give it to person named on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes, all balloons 8 ?the hands of the respective engineers.
??? The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times in our life, sharing and helping others give us real solutions to problems.
1. A. game B. show C. concert D. patry
2. A. purposes B. suggestions C. thoughts D. plans
3. A. quietly B. carefully C. secretly D. clearly
4. A. honest B. ready C. patient D. succeesful
5. A. checked B. helped C. ruled D. cleaned
6. A. collected B. weighed C. tied D. cleaned
7. A. mark B. hide C. number D. find
8. A. freed B. reached C. lifted D. hit
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）D；（8）B；
【解析】文章大意：在一家公司里30名年轻的工程师是个团队，他们渴望学习。管理希望教给他们解决问题的正真办法，有一天就组织他们进行了一场游戏，通过游戏使他们明白相互帮助、分享才是解决问题的正真方法。
（1）句意：一天，这个团队被叫来在一个大厅做游戏。本题考查名词。根据后文第四段第一句Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were ? ? ?? out of the game. 。最后一词game。根据文章语境判断，可知是完成游戏，故选A。
（2）句意：他们十分吃惊，各自怀揣着不同的目的。A. purposes目的；B.suggestions建议；C thoughts想法；D plans计划。结合前面 “surprised” 一词得知他们并不清楚接下来做什么，可知应为各有各的想法，故选C。
（3）然后他们各自被要求把自己的名字小心地写在各自的气球上，以便于气球不会破。掉本题考查副词。A. quietly安静地；B. carefully小心地；C. secretly秘密地；D. clearly清晰地。结合文章语境判断，只有小心地写才不会让气球破掉，故选B。
（4）句意：每个人都尝试过了，但是不是每个人都_成功。本题考查形容词。A. honest诚实的；B. ready准备好的；C. patient耐心的；D. successful成功的。根据文章语境“but",每个人都尝试过了，但是不是每个人都成功了，并且紧接着下一段开头写“those who tailed”，译为“那些失败的人”，也能和本题呼应，故选D。
（5）句意：那些没有吧他们名字成功写在气球上的人被罚出游戏。本题考查动词。本句译为空后有out，因此本题考查动词+介词的固定搭配，A. checked out查明，结账； B. helped out帮助某人 走出......；C. ruled out把......排除在外；D. cleaned out 清除。根据文章语境判断，可知应为按照规则排除，故选C。
（6）句意：所有带着名字的气球被收集起来，然后放在一个房间里。本题考查动词。A. collected收集；B. weighed称重；C.tied系，拴；D. cleaned打扫。根据文 章语境判断，气球应当被收集起来，故选A。
（7）句意：快15分钟了，但是没有人能够找到正确的那个（气球）。本题考查动词。A. mark标记；B. hide躲藏；C. number数出、计算；D. find找到。前文All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush中的search for寻找，可知应为找到，故选D。
（8）句意：几分钟之内，所有的气球都到了各自的工程师手中。本题考查动词。A. freed解放；B. reached到达；C. lifted提升；D. hit击打。根据前二 句he engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give it to person named on the balloon工程师们被要求去捡起气并把它给到交到气球上写的名字一致的人手上。可知应为到了，故选B。
【总结】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
2.（2018·乐山）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
B
??? Once upon a time, there lived a kind king. But the king was also very 1 . He would not do anything other than eat and sleep. He became fatter and fatter, and finally found it difficult to move his 2 – even his feet.
??? The king invited doctors from different parts of his country to make him 3 . But no one could help the king lose weight.
??? One day, an old man visited the country. He heard about the king's 4 . He volunteered (自愿) to help the king lose some weight. The king decided to let him 5 .
??? The old man lived 6 . He said that the king had to come to him and asked the king to come for treatment the next day. But the king would have to 7 there, the old man added.
??? The king came the next day. 8 , the old man was not there. His son asked the king to come and meet his father the next day.
??? The king came every day for two weeks, but he never once saw the old man. But he did notice that he felt a lot 9 . He had lost some weight. He finally realized why the old man had asked him to walk so far.
1. A. lazy B. shy C. strict D. stupid
2. A. head B. eyes C. body D. hand
3. A. active B. happy C. strong D. healthy
4. A. story B. problem C. dream D. discovery
5. A. try B. start C. go D. pass
6. A. alone B. far away C. freely D. nearby
7. A. work B. move C. walk D. stay
8. A. Especially B. Suddenly C. Immediately D. Unluckily
9. A. lighter B. angrier C. happier D. busier
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）D；（4）B；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）A；
【解析】文章大意：这篇故事讲述了国王减肥的经历，告诉人们，坚持步行是保持健康的好方法。
（1）考查形容词辨析题。句意：但国王也很懒惰。根据下文He would not do anything other than eat and sleep.，可知他很懒惰，故选A。
（2）考查名词辨析题。句意：他变得越来越胖，最后发现很难移动他的身体——甚至他的脚。根据下文解释even his feet，可知他胖得难以移动身体，故选C。
（3）考查形容词辨析题。句意：国王邀请全国各地的医生来使他（保持）健康。A. active有活力的；B. happy高兴的；C. strong强壮的；D. healthy健康的。根据句意和上下文，可知healthy符合题意，故选D。
（4）考查名词辨析题。句意：他听说了国王的问题。A. story故事；B. problem问题；C. dream梦想；D. discovery发现。根据上文国王太胖，可知国王的健康是个大问题，故选B。
（5）考查动词辨析题。句意：国王决定让他试一试。A. try尝试；B. start开始；C. go去；D. pass通过。根据句意语境，可知try符合文意，故选A。
（6）考查介词短语辨析题。句意：老人住在很远的地方。根据下文He said that the king had to come to him，结合句意语境，可知老人住的很远，故选B。
（7）考查动词辨析题。句意：但国王必须步行去那里，老人补充道。根据最后He finally realized why the old man had asked him to walk so far. 可知老人让他走着去，故选C。
（8）考查副词辨析题。句意：不幸的是，老人不在那里。A. Especially尤其；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Immediately立刻地；D. Unluckily不幸的是。根据句意语境国王来了却见不到医生是不幸的事情，可知Unluckily符合句意，故选D。
（9）考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：但他注意到他感觉轻松多了。A. lighter更轻松的；B. angrier更生气的；C. happier更幸福的；D. busier更忙的。根据下文He had lost some weight.，结合句意语境，可知国王感觉更轻松了，故选A。
【总结】考查综合运用知识的能力。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据上下文，固定搭配，语法知识，常识和逻辑推理等斟酌字句，选出恰当的答案，确保文章通顺、完整。
3.（2018·山西）请阅读下列短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，故答案选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
??? I know a Catherine who is smart, educated and interesting. But I avoid her because she never 1 ?complaining(抱怨)! For years, I fought against my feelings, because I really like and admire her, but I've found I just can't be her friend. Her world is 2 ?“buts…”. The trip would have been nice, but the drive was too long. The food was good, but the light of the restaurant was too 3 . The hotel was too hot, the bed hurt her back and the room service was too slow. Her complaints were 4 ?changing me. Months ago, my best friend Daisy was listening to me complaining about Catherine 5 ?she just became really angry. “Either break up with her, or leave me alone.” She shouted at me, “I'm tired of listening to your complaining.” Her honesty surprised me, and I began to keep myself away from Catherine. Later, I did 6 ?her.
??? Now I try to remain happy and positive (积极的) about life, and find friends of the same. There's been scientific research lately. It shows that people who find 7 ?to be thankful for their lives are actually happier, and I believe that is true. Endless complaining seems to control your life if you let it come into your brain. And too much complaining will actually make your life 8 ?.
??? Some people take “gratitude (感激之情) walks” every day, where they 9 ?their lives in a positive way. By developing a grateful attitude, you can be turned away from what's troubling you, and 10 what makes you happy. Then you will have a beautiful life.
1. A. keeps B. stops C. enjoys
2. A. full of B. far from C. famous for
3. A. noisy B. strong C. dirty
4. A. hardly B. suddenly C. silently
5. A. until B. because C. unless
6. A. choose B. help C. forget
7. A. reasons B. excuses C. questions
8. A. busier B. longer C. worse
9. A. give away B. depend on C. think about
10. A. against B. toward C. through
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）B；（4）C；（5）A；（6）C；（7）A；（8）C；（9）C；（10）B；
【解析】这篇短文作者给我们介绍了自己从喜欢喝钦佩一个朋友直到最后疏远并忘记的事。因为这个朋友一直生活在抱怨之中，无形地在影响着我。
有科学研究表明，那些找到理由对生活感恩的人实际上更快乐，我相信这是真的。如果你让无休止的抱怨进入你的大脑，它似乎控制了你的生活。太多的抱怨会让你的生活更糟。有些人每天都会感恩，他们以一种积极的方式看待自己的生活。作者告诉我们通过培养一种感恩的态度，你可以从困扰你的事情中解脱出来，转向让你快乐的事情。那么你将拥有美丽的人生。
（1）考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：我认识一个聪明、受过教育、有趣的凯瑟琳。但我避开她,因为她从未停止抱怨!A. keeps 保持；B. stops 停止；C. enjoys 享受。根据上文的 “But I avoid her because she never” 得知，她 从来没有停止抱怨，故答案为B。
（2）考查固定搭配及语境理解。句意：我真的很喜欢她，也很钦佩她，但我发现我不能成为她的朋友。她的世界充满了“但是…”。A. full of 装满；B. far from 远离；C. famous for 闻名。根据后文中多个“but”可知，看她的话中是充满了“buts…”，故答案为A。
（3）考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：食物很好，但是餐厅的灯光太强了。A. noisy 嘈杂的；B. strong 强烈的；C. dirty 脏的。由句意结合语境可知餐厅的灯光是强烈的。故答案为B。
（4）考查副词辨析及语境理解。句意：她的抱怨在默默地改变着我。A. hardly 几乎不；B. suddenly 突然地；C. silently 静静地。根据前文得知起初我喜欢和羡慕Catherine，?而由于Catherine的抱怨，她的抱怨无声地改变了我。故答案为C。
（5）考查连词辨析及语境理解。句意：几个月前，我最好的朋友黛西听我抱怨凯瑟琳，直到她真的生气了。A. until 直到；B. because 因为；C. unless 除非。由句意可知我的好朋友Daisy在听着我抱怨关于Catherine， 直到她生气，故答案为A。
（6）考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：她的诚实使我吃惊，于是我开始疏远凯瑟琳。后来，我忘记了她。A. choose 选择；B. help 帮助；C. forget 忘记。由上文中的“break up with her”与她断绝关系，“I began to keep myself away from Catherine.”我开始让自己远离Catherine, 可知之后我确实忘记了她，故答案为C。
（7）考查名词辨析及语境理解。句意：它表明，那些找到理由对生活感恩的人实际上更快乐，我相信这是真的。A. reasons 理由；B. excuses 借口；C. questions 问题。由前文 “There's been scientific research lately.” 以 及本句句意可知是发现原因，故答案为A。
（8）考查形容词比较级及语境理解。句意：太多的抱怨会让你的生活更糟。A. busier 更忙碌的；B. longer 更长的；C. worse 更糟糕的。由前文的对比可知太多的抱怨真的会使你的生活更糟糕，故答案为C。
（9）考查动词词组及语境理解。句意：有些人每天都去“感恩散步”，以一种积极的方式看待自己的生活。A. give away 捐赠；B. depend on 取决于，依靠；C. think about 考虑。根据句意可知，他们以一种积极的方式考虑生活。故答案为C。
（10）考查介词及语境理解。句意：通过培养一种感恩的态度，你可以从困扰你的事情中解脱出来，转向让你快乐的事情。那么你将拥有美丽的人生。A. against 靠， 倚；B. toward 向，朝，接近；C. through 通过。由句意可知通过培养感激的态度，你能够远离烦恼，接近快乐。故答案为 B。
【总结】考查单词在语境中的运用。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，主语考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
4.（2017·深圳）阅读下列短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
??? An old man lived with his little grandson. Every day the old man got up early to read books.His grandson wanted to be just like him and tried to copy him every 1 ?he could.
??? One day the grandson asked, “Grandpa, I want to read books as you do. But I don't understand it, and I always forget 2 ?I close the book. What good does 3 ?do?”
??? The grandfather quietly turned from putting 4 ?in the stove and replied, “Take this coal basket down to the river and bring me back a basket of water.”
??? The boy did as his grandpa said, but all the water leaked（漏）out before he got back home.
?? ?The grandfather laughed and said, “You'll have to walk faster next time.”
The next time the boy ran faster, but the basket was still empty before he 5 home. The boy said, “see, Grandpa, it's 6 ?to finish this task!”
??? ?“Is it no use?” the old man said. “ 7 ?the basket.”
??? The boy looked at the basket and for the first time realized that the basket was 8 . Instead of a dirty old coal basket, it was 9 ?inside and out.
??? ?“My child, that's what happens when you read the book. You might not understand or remember everything, but the 10 ?will change you inside and out. That is the work of reading in our lives.”
1. A. way B. book C. table
2. A. until B. when C. since
3. A. reading the book B. getting up early C. sitting at the desk
4. A. water B. book C. coal
5. A. returned B. read C. bought
6. A. difficult B. different C. impossible
7. A. Look for B. Look at C. Look after
8. A. new B. different C. wonderful
9. A. broken B. clean C. complete
10. A. words B. water C. wood
【答案】 （1）A；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）A；（6）C；（7）B；（8）B；（9）B；（10）A；
【解析】短文大意：一个老人和他的小孙子生活在一起，老人每天都早起读书，他的孙子一心想要像他一样，尽力地模仿他。有一天孙子问他：“爷爷，我想想你一样读书，但是我读不懂，当我合上书的时候总是就忘了，读书有什么用呢？”爷爷让孙子把装煤炭的篮子拿到河边去打水，每次水都漏了，但是篮子变干净了，通过这件事让孙子明白了读书的作用。
（1）way 方式，方法，book 书，table书桌，根据句意“他孙子一心想要想要像他那样，尽力在各方面模仿他”可知选项A符合句意。
（2）until 直到……时候，when 当……的时候，since 自从，根据句意“当我合上书本时我总是会忘记”可知用连词 when，故选B。
（3）根据上下文可知本句意思是“读书有什么好处”，故选A。
（4）water 水，book 书，coal 煤炭，根据句子后半部分的 in the glove 可知是“往炉子里放煤炭”，故选C。
（5）returned 返回，read 读，bought 买，根据句意“但是在他回到家之前篮子仍然是空的”可知选A。
（6）difficult 困难的，different 不同的，impossible 不可能的，根据句意“看看吧，爷爷，完成这个任务是不可能的”可知选C。
（7）look for 寻找，look at 看，look after 照顾，根据句意：“没有用吗？”老人说。“看看篮子。”可知选B。
（8）new 新的，different 不同的，wonderful 精彩的，根据句意“这个男孩看了看篮子，第一次意识到篮子是不一样的”可知选B。
（9）broken 坏的，破的，clean 干净的，complete 完全的，根据句意“不再是一个又脏又旧的煤炭篮子，相反，里里外外都是干净的”可知选B。
（10）根据爷爷说的话：“我的孩子，这就当你读书的时候会产生的后果，你也许不明白也记不住所有的东西，但是书上的文字会里里外外地改变你，这就是我们生活中读书的作用。”根据句意可知选A。
【总结】这篇短文内容比较简单，理解不难。各小题与上下文联系比较紧密，答题中一定要注意联系上下文。答完后多读几遍，看看是否符合逻辑，适当修改。个别小题可以当作单独的词义辨析题来做，先区分词义，结合语境选出最能使语句通顺的答案。
5.（2017·阜康）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D选项中，选出最佳选项.
??? Do right things at the proper time，or it's too late to regret for what has passed.
??? A grasshopper （蚱蜢）was playing the violin when he saw some ants busy 1 ?food."Why are you working on such a beautiful day？"he asked.
??? "We must collect food now，"said the queen of the ants."If we don't，what will we do when 2 comes？"
??? "Oh，winter is a long way off，"said the grasshopper."You take life much too 3 ."
??? "But you must 4 today if you want to eat tomorrow，"said the little ant."You can play your violin after you've finished your work."
??? The grasshopper didn't want to follow her 5 .He went away，singing.
??? Spring soon passed and the warm summer came.All day long the grasshopper played the 6 .Soon summer was over.And then autumn passed，too.One morning，the grasshopper woke up and was 7 to find that snow had fallen during the night."Why？Had the long winter come？"he said to himself.
??? The grasshopper wandered around looking for a place to keep 8 but there was no such place."How 9 I was not to listen to the ants.While I am dying of cold and 10 they are sitting in their warm nest with plenty to eat."
??? The grasshopper was soon frozen stiff （冻僵的）.The ants picked him up and carried him to their nest.The grasshopper learned a lesson he would never forget.
1. A. planting B. collecting C. making D. producing
2. A. Spring B. Summer C. Autumn D. Winter
3. A. granted B. slow C. easy D. seriously
4. A. sleep B. play C. work D. relax
5. A. steps B. Advice C. pattern D. request
6. A. violin B. drums C. chess D. guitar
7. A. glad B. surprised C. Anxious D. shame
8. A. quiet B. clean C. silent D. warm
9. A. silly B. clever C. helpless D. useful
10. A. influence B. pride C. regret D. hunger
【答案】 （1）B；（2）D；（3）D；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）D；
【解析】这篇短文讲述蚂蚁忙着存食物过冬而蚱蜢却悠闲地拉小提琴，蚂蚁建议蚱蜢早点存食物，但他却不听蚂蚁的建议，于是冬天到了，蚱蜢没有吃的，也没有取暖的地方，在冻僵之时蚂蚁救了他．通过这个故事告诉我们在适合的时间要做正确的事情，不要到了来不及时再后悔不已．
（1） 考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：一只蚱蜢正在拉小提琴，这个时候他看到了一些蚂蚁在忙着收集食物。A.plant种植；B.collecting收集；C.making使，做；D.producing生产．由句子We must collect food now可知此处表示当他看见一些蚂蚁忙着收集食物时，故答案为B．
（2） 考查对语境的理解。句意：如果我们不这样做，冬天来的时候我们该做什么呢由winter is a long way off可知此处是指冬天，故答案为D．
（3）考查副词辨析及语境理解。句意：你们对生活太认真了。分析句子可知空格处修饰动词take，要用副词来修饰，D选项是副词，表示认真地，其他选项都是形容词．take sth seriously表示认真对待某事物，故答案为D．
（4）考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：你必须得完成今天的工作，如果你想要明天有吃的话A.sleep 睡觉；B.play 玩；C.work工作；D.relax放松．由You can play your violin after you've finished your work可知此处表示但你必须得完成今天的工作，如果你想要明天有吃的话，故答案为C．
（5）考查名词辨析及语境理解。句意：这个蚱蜢不想听她的建议A.step步骤；B.advice建议；C.pattern模型；D.request要求．由句子He went away，singing可知此处表示这个蚱蜢不想听她的建议，故答案为B．
（6）考查名词辨析及语境理解。句意：蚱蜢整天在拉小提琴。A.violin小提琴；B.drums鼓；C.chess棋；D.guitar吉他．由句子A grasshopper （蚱蜢）was playing the violin可知此处表示一天到晚蚱蜢就拉小提琴，故答案为A．
（7） 考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：蚱蜢醒来吃惊地发现晚上下雪了。A.glad开心的；B.surprised吃惊的；C.anxious紧张的；D.shame羞耻的．由j句子Why？Had the long winter come可知此处表示吃惊地发现晚上下雪了，故答案为B．
（8） 考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：蚱蜢四处找地方暖和一下但找不到这样的地方。A.qulte安静的；B.clean干净的；C.silent沉默的；D.warm温暖的．由句子While I am dying of cold 可知此处表示寻找一个地方来取暖，故答案为D．
（9）考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：我怎么这么愚蠢不听蚂蚁的建议呢。A.silly愚蠢的；B.clever聪明的；C.helpless无助的；D.useful有用的．结合语境可知此处表示没有听蚂蚁的建议我真傻呀，故答案为A．
（10）考查名词辨析及语境理解。句意：当我要死于寒冷和饥饿时，他们坐在有大量吃的温暖的巢里。A.influence影响；B.pride自豪；C.regret遗憾；D.hunger饥饿．由with plenty to eat可知此处表示的是当我要死于寒冷和饥饿时，故答案为D．
【总结】考查单词在语境中的运用。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其答语，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，主语考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。