牛津译林版九年级上册9AUnit2-3重要语法点-宾语从句精讲精练（含答案）

牛津译林版9A宾语从句精讲精练
一、宾语
1.宾语的定义
宾语(object)，也称受词，是指一个动作(动词)的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类，其中直接宾语指动作的直接对象，间接宾语说明动作的非直接，但受动作影响的对象。
一般而言，及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语，而该宾语通常为直接宾语，有些及物动词要求两个宾语，则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语，另一个为间接宾语，一般情况下，人为间接宾语，物为直接宾语。
I
love
you.
主语
谓语
宾语
The
boy
gives
a
slip
of
paper
to
the
girl.
主语
谓语
直接宾语
间接宾语
【提点】该句中，男孩是主语，他执行了后面的动作，即“给”这个动作，纸条是直接“给”这个动作的直接承受对象，纸条接受了这个动作，故为直接宾语，而女孩间接受了这个动作，只是受到“给”这个动作的通过纸条这个纽带造成的间接影响，故为间接宾语。
2.宾语的成分
1)名词作宾语
例：Show
your?passport,
please.
请出示护照。
2)代词作宾语
例：She
didn't
say?anything.
她什么也没说。(此处为不定代词)
3)数词作宾语
例：—How
many
do
you
want?
你要几个？
—
I
want?two.
我要两个。
—How
much
milk
do
you
want?
你要多少牛奶？
—
A?bottle.
一瓶。
4)名词化的形容词作宾语
例：They
sent
the?injured
to
the
hospital.他们把伤员送到医院。
5)不定式或-ing形式作宾语
例：I
decided
to
go
shopping.我决定去购物。
I
enjoy?working?with?you.
我和你们一道工作很愉快。
6)从句作宾语
例：Did
you
write
down
what
he
said?
你把他的话写下了没有？
二、从句
简单来说，一个句子中嵌套了另一个句子，叫做复合句，复合句中有主句和从句，而从句的具表现方式为一个完整的句子充当了另一个句子的某个成分，通常从句需要有特定的词来引导。
名词性从句
主语从句
What
he
said
is
true.
表语从句
He
has
become
what
he
wanted
to
be
10
years
ago.
宾语从句(9A
Unit
2-3)
I
think
that
he
is
a
student.
状语从句
时间状语从句(9A
Unit
4)
Close
the
windows
before
you
leave
the
room.
原因状语从句(9A
Unit
5)
I
didn’t
go
to
school
because
I
was
ill.
条件状语从句(9A
Unit
6)
You
will
get
good
grades
if
you
study
hard.
让步状语从句(9A
Unit
7)
Although
I
may
fail,
I
will
try
it.
结果状语从句(9A
Unit
7)
The
boy
is
so
young
that
he
can’t
go
to
school.
目的状语从句(9A
Unit
7)
Say
it
louder
so
that
everyone
can
hear
you.
地点状语从句
I
will
stand
where
I
can
see
the
parade
clearly.
方式状语从句
Always
do
to
the
others
as
you
would
be
done
by.
比较状语从句
She
looks
much
younger
than
she
is.
定语从句(9A
Unit
8)
The
dog
which
was
lost
has
been
found.
三、宾语从句
当从句充当宾语成分时，此时我们称其为宾语从句，可以做放在动词后，介词后和有动作意义的形容词后。宾语从句有三大要素：连接词，语序和时态。
例：I
think
that
you
are
right.
Please
write
down
what
he
is
saying.
I'm
afraid
that
I
can't
win.
1.宾语从句的连接词
(1)
that引导的宾语从句
陈述句(肯定或否定)作宾语从句，由连词that引导。因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
宾语从句常用于动词know,
think,
believe,
hope,
mean等后面，也可用于主句形容词certain,
sure,
glad等后面。
例：I?think?that?this?answer?is?correct.
He
thinks
that
you
can
handle
this
problem
by
yourself.
I’m?sure?that?Mary?will?come?here?on?time.
(2)
if或whether引导的宾语从句
由连词whether或if引导，从句部分相当于一个一般疑问句，因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略。
例：I?want?to?know?whether/if?you?will?come?soon.
我想知道你是否会尽快回来。
Tom
wonders
if/whether
his
grandpa
will
come
next
week.
宾语从句的语序一定要是陈述句语序！即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”
例：“Did
Mary
clean
the
classroom
yesterday?”the
teacher
is
asking.
→
注：后接if/whether的常见词有：want
to
know/wonder/doubt/I’m
not
sure
宾语从句的中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需要进行合理变化
例：She
wonders,
“Can
I
keep
that
book
for
one
more
week?”
→
“Can
you
help
me?”
she
asks.
→
★只能用whether不能用if的几种情况：
①宾语从句中有or?not时(意思为“或不是”，“或没有”)，则用whether…or?not；
例：I?am?not?sure?whether?it?will?be?fine?or?not?tomorrow.
我不能肯定明天天气是好还是不好。
Can
you
tell
tell
me
whether
or
not
the
train
has
left.
Can
you
tell
tell
me
whether
the
train
has
left
or
not.
你能告诉我火车是否已经离开了吗？
②所引导的从句作介词的宾语时；
例：It
depends
on
whether
it
is
going
to
rain.
I
worry
about
whether
I
hurt
his
feelings.
③whether
后可接动词不定式；
例：She
doesn’t
know
whether
to
get
married
now
or
wait.
I
don’t
know
whether
to
attend
the
meeting
today.
④引导宾语从句，从句置于句首表示强调时，只能用whether
例；Whether
it
is
true,
I
can’t
tell.
⑤用if会产生歧义时，用whether(if还有如果的意思)
⑥当用在动词discuss、doubt等候，一般用whether
(3)
连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
我们可以用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句，此时从句部分相当于一个特殊疑问句。
连接代词：what,
who,
whom,
whose,
which
连接副词：when,
where,
how,
why
连接代词或连接副词有词义，且在句子中充当成分，从句部分用陈述句语序。
例：We
don’t
know
whose
pencil
this
is.
Nobody
knows
when
the
train
will
arrive.
She
wants
to
know
why
that
little
is
crying.
I
am
not
sure
who
is
playing
the
piano
next
door.
含有宾语从句的复合句的标点由主句决定
例：Can
you
tell
us
what
they
are
doing
over
there?
Can
you
guess
whom/who
my
father
is
talking
with?
Can
you
tell
me
which
bus
I
should
take?
2.宾语从句的时态
1)
如果主句是现在时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等)，从句的时态根据实际情况而定。
例：She
knows
that
her
parents
will
arrive
in
Nanjing
tomorrow.
I
know
that
he
lived
here
five
years
ago.
I
don’t
think(that)
you
are
right.
Please
tell
us
what
he
was
doing
at
that
moment.
Can
you
tell
me
how
I
can
to
the
railway
station?
2)
如果主句是过去时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时等)，那么从句要用相应的过去时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)。
例：I
didn’t
know
that
he
would
come.
Miss
Li
tells
us
that
she
have
seen
the
film.
→Miss
Li
told
us
that
I
am
not
sure
who
is
playing
the
piano
next
door.
→I
was
not
sure
He
asked
what
time
it
was.
He
told
me
that
he
was
preparing
for
the
sports
meeting.
He
said
that
he
would
go
back
to
the
U.S.
soon.
He
asked
if
you
had
written
to
Peter.
【注意】如果主句中出现could
you/would
you,
这些不是过去时，而只是表示委婉语气，用法视为一般现在时，所以从句依具体时态而定。
3)
当从句是客观真理、定义、公理或定理时，不论主句是何种时态，从句都用一般现在时。
例：The
teacher
told
us
that
the
earth
travels
around
the
sun.
Our
teacher
said
that
January
is
the
first
month
of
the
year.
We
were
told
that
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun
when
we
were
young.
3.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即主语在前谓语在后，即使宾语从句本身是疑问句，也要将其变成陈述句语序。
例：I
heard
(that)
he
won
a
prize.
【注意】当从句的原句为what,who,which作主语的疑问句时，语序不变
例：What’s
the
matter?/What’s
wrong?
I
don’t
know
what’s
the
matter.
Who
is
waiting
there?
Can
you
tell
me
who
is
waiting
there?
Which
is
the
way
to...?
Would
you
please
show
me
which
is
the
way
to...?
四、巩固练习
【句型转换】
1.
Does
Mr.
Brown
enjoy
living
in
China?
Could
you
tell
us?(变为复合句
(?http:?/??/?www.baidu.com?/?s?wd=%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E5%8F%A5&hl_tag=textlink&tn=SE_hldp01350_v6v6zkg6"
\t
"_blank?))
Could
you
tell
us
_________
Mr.
Brown
__________
living
in
China?
2."Does
the
girl
need
any
help?”
he
asked
me.(变为复合句
(?http:?/??/?www.baidu.com?/?s?wd=%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E5%8F%A5&hl_tag=textlink&tn=SE_hldp01350_v6v6zkg6"
\t
"_blank?))
He
asked
me
_________
the
girl
_________
some
help．
3.
When
does
the
train
leave?
I
want
to
know.(改为含宾语从句的复合句
(?http:?/??/?www.baidu.com?/?s?wd=%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E5%8F%A5&hl_tag=textlink&tn=SE_hldp01350_v6v6zkg6"
\t
"_blank?))
I
want
to
know
_________
the
train
_________.
4.Did
Peter
come
here
yesterday?
Li
Lei
wants
to
know.
(改为含宾语从句的复合句
(?http:?/??/?www.baidu.com?/?s?wd=%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E5%8F%A5&hl_tag=textlink&tn=SE_hldp01350_v6v6zkg6"
\t
"_blank?))
Li
Lei
wants
to
know
_________
Peter
_________
here
yesterday.
5.Do
you
love
me?He
asked
his
mother.
?
He
asked
his
mother
_________
_________
__________
_________
6.
How
can
we
get
to
the
plane?
I
don’t
know.
?
I
don’t
know
__________
__________
__________
get
to
the
plane.
7.Where
did
you
find
the
book?
Could
you
tell
me?
?
Could
you
tell
me
_________
_________
_________
the
book?
8.Who
has
left
for
Haikou?
Nobody
knows.
?
Nobody
knows
__________
__________
__________
__________
Haikou.
9.Will
they
go
there
tomorrow
?
They
are
talking
about.
?
They
are
talking
about_________
they
_________
_________
there
tomorrow.
答案：1.
whether
enjoys
2.whether
needed
3.
when
leaves4.
whether
came
5.
whether
she
loved
6.
how
we
can7.
where
you
found
8.
who
has
left
for
9.
whether
will
go
【适当形式填空】
1.She
says
she______________(contact)
us
as
soon
as
she
arrives
in
Paris.
2.She
said
we_____________(begin)
the
meeting
as
soon
as
the
headmaster
came,but
he
didn’t
come.
3.The
radio
says
that
the
rain________________(last)
for
half
a
day.
What
can
we
do?
4.People
were
told
that
the
plane________________(not
take)
off
until
the
rain
stopped.
5.It
is
said
that
the
number
of
bloggers
in
our
country______________(reach)
18
million
so
far.
6.The
twins
planned
that
they______________(join)
the
Trail
walker
as
soon
as
they
reached
18.
7.The
local
government
promised
that
they______________(stop)
farmers
from
taking
more
land.
8.Miss
Gao
said
that
World
Vision_________________(set)
up
in
1950.
9.I’m
sure
you_________________(feel)
better
after
taking
enough
rest
at
home.
10.Where
is
Jonny?
I’m
afraid
he_________________(forget)
the
visit
to
the
museum.
11.I
think
he
_______________
(come)
back
soon.
12.He
told
me
his
father
________________
(read)
the
newspaper
this
time
yesterday.
13.I
want
to
know
if
he
_______________
(go)
fishing
with
me.
14.I
didn’t
know
who
________________
(break)
the
window.
15.He
told
me
his
father
________________
(fly)
to
Beijing
the
next
day.
16.The
teacher
told
us
that
light
_______________
(travel)
much
faster
than
sound.
17.He
asked
if
the
girl
_________________
(find)
her
lost
bike.
18.He
said
he
________________
(go)
to
Beijing
three
years
ago.
19.He
asked
who
the
girl
_________________
(look)
for.
20.I
asked
him
whether
it
________________
(snow)in
winter
in
Australia.
答案：1.
will
contact
2.
would
begin
3.
will
last
4.
wouldn’t
take
5.
has
reached6.
would
join
7.
would
stop
8.
was
set
9.
will
feel
10.
forgot
11.
will
come12.
was
reading
13.
will
go
14.
broke
15.
would
fly
16.
travels
17.
had
found
18.
went
19.
was
looking
20.
would
snow
【单项选择】
1.In
the
UK,
a
woman
usually
doesn’t
like
to
be
asked________
A.whether
she
had
been
married
B.what
is
her
age
C.how
much
she
weighs
D.where
she
comes
from
2.—Excuse
me,
could
you
tell
me_____________?
—Sorry,
I
don’t
know.
I’m
new
here,
too.
A.when
the
museum
opens
B.where
is
the
Olympics
Village
C.how
do
you
celebrate
Easter
Day
D.how
long
the
old
lady
had
lived
here
3.—Would
you
please
tell
us
what_______________on
this
subject?
—Yes,
I’d
like
to.
A.you
will
say
B.will
you
say
C.you
will
speak
D.will
you
speak
4.—Do
you
know____________?
—Perhaps
she
failed
the
exam.
A.what
is
the
matter
with
her
B.what
was
the
matter
with
her
C.what
the
matter
is
with
her
D.what
the
matter
was
with
her
5.—How
soon
will
you
start
you
journey?
—I
haven’t
decided_______________.
A.when
shall
I
ask
the
boss
for
leave
B.where
I
will
go
to
spend
the
holiday
C.whether
I
would
go
by
train
or
by
plane
D.who
could
invite
me
to
go
6.No
one
can
be
sure______
in
a
million
year.
A.what
man
will
look
like
B.what
will
man
look
like
C.how
man
will
look
like
D.how
will
man
look
like
7.—I
wonder_______________.
—Zebras
A.what
do
they
call
these
animals
B.how
do
they
call
these
animals
C.what
they
call
these
animals
D.how
they
call
these
animals
8.Somebody
rang
the
doorbell
just
now,
but
I
don’t
know_____________.
A.
who
was
it
B.who
were
they
C.who
they
were
D.who
it
was
9.—Excuse
me,
could
you
tell
me__________?
—Sorry,
sir.
I
wasn’t
there
at
that
time.
A.how
did
the
accidents
happen
B.
how
the
accident
happened
C.how
does
the
accident
happen
D.how
the
accident
happens
10.—Can
you
tell
me_______?
—By
doing
more
speaking.
A,how
I
can
improve
my
English
B.which
way
can
I
choose
C.how
do
I
deal
with
my
English
D.what’s
wrong
with
my
English
11.Our
English
teacher
told
us
the
sun_____in
the
east.
A.rise
B.rose
C.rising
D.rises
12.—Do
you
think___
a
concert
in
our
school
hall
this
weekend?
—Yes,there
will.
A
there
will
have
B.there
will
be
C.will
there
be
D.will
there
have
13.
—I
wonder________without
water.
—About
a
week.
A.how
long
man
can
live
C.how
long
can
man
live
C.when
man
can
live
D.when
can
man
live
14.Could
you
tell
me______to
travel
from
Earth
to
Mars
by
spaceship?
A.when
will
it
start
B.where
it
hold
C.if
it
will
begin
D.how
long
it
will
last
15.He
never
told
us_______.
A.where
he
lived
B.who
he
lives
with
C.how
could
he
live
D.how
far
did
he
live
from
here
16.?The
teacher
asked
the
students
________.
A.
if
they
were
interested
in
dinosaurs?????
B.
when
was
Albert
Einstein
born
C.
what
they
will
do
with
the
computers???
D.
how
many
trees
they
have
planted
17.?Could
you
tell
me
_______
?
A.?what
the
matter
is
with
you???
B.
what
was
the
matter
with
you
C.
what's
the
matter
with
you????
D.
what's
the
wrong
with
you
.
18.He
asked
me
_______
I
could
sing
the
song
"My
Heart
will
Go
On."
A.
if????
B.
weather??
C.what?????
D.
that
19.
I
am
sure
_______
you
said
is
true.
A.
what???
B.
that???
C.
which????
D.
who?
20.
---Do
you
know
when
the
World
Cup
________
next
week?
---Next
Friday.
When
it?
________,
I
will
ring
you.
A.
begins,
begins???
B.
begins,
will
begin???
C.
will
begin,
will
begin??
D.
will
begin,
begins
21.
---Today
or
tomorrow?
---What
are
you
talking
about?
---We
are
talking
about
_______
we
can
give
a
talk
on
WTO.
A.
how???????
B.
where????????
C.
when????????
D.
what
22.
---Are
you?sure
you
have
to
do
that?
It's
been
very
late.
---I
don't
know
_____
I
can
do
it
if
not
now.
A.
where??????
B.
why?????????
C.
when??????????
D.
how
23.
---Would
you
please
tell
me
_________??
---In
a
small
village
near
Niingbo.
A.
where
was
your
mother
born???????????
B.
where
your
mother
was
born
C.
when
was
your
mother
born????????????
D.
when
your
mother
was
born
24.
The
photograph
will
show
you
________.
A.
what
does
our
village
look
like??????????
B.
what
our
village
looks
like
C.
how
does
our
village
look
like??????????
D.
how
our
village
looks
like
25.
---Can
you
guess
if
they
_______
to
play
basketball
with
us?
---I
think
they'll
come
if
they
_________
free.
A.will
come,
will
be?????
B.
will
come,
are?????????
C.
come,
are????
D.
come,
will
be
26.
---Where
does
he
come
from
?
---Pardon?
---I
asked
where_________.
A
did
he
come
from????????
B.
he
came
from?????????C.
he
comes
from????????????
D.
does
he
come
from
27.
She
wondered
__________.
A.
how
much
he
cost
the
computer??????????????
B.
how
much
he
paid
for
the
computer
C.
how
much
the
computer
will
cost
him?????????
D.
how
much
did
he
spend
on
the
computer
28.Have
you
decided
________
for
Australia?
A.
when
will
you
leave
B.
when
do
you
leave
C.
you
will
leave
when
D.
when
you
will
leave
29.Can
you
tell
me
_________
?
A.
where
does
Tom
live
B.
where
Tom
lived
C.
Tom
lives
where
D.
where
Tom
lives
30.The
old
man
asked
me
________
.
A.
where
was
the
cinema
B.
where
is
the
cinema
C.
where
the
cinema
was
D.
where
was
the
way
to
the
cinema
答案：1-5
CAAAB
6-10
ACDBA
11-15
DBADA
16-20
ACAAD
21-25
CCBBB
26-30
BBDDC