(共45张PPT)
First aid
Unit 5
aid
temporary
injury
bleed
ankle
choke
cupboard
n. & vt. 帮助; 援助
adj. 暂时的; 临时的
n. 损害; 伤害
vi. & vt. 流血
n. 踝 (关节)
vi. & vt. (使) 噎住;
(使) 窒息
n. 橱柜; 衣柜
Words preview
What is first aid
First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.
First aid is the emergency treatment for an injured or sick person before professional medical care.
What words can you think of when you talk about accidents and first aid
Accident
First aid
drown
bleed
choke
burn/catch fire
cut
a bloody nose
a snake bite
a sprained ankle
a broken arm
Brainstorming
What has happened to them
What can you do to help these people
Nowadays there are a lot of accidents in our daily life. What would you do in such situations
The best way to treat a hurt ankle is to
__________.
A. put an ice pack on your ankle
B. put a heating pad(垫子)around your
ankle
C. keep on walking and jumping
2. If you get a nosebleed, gently let your
head back to stop the bleeding.
A. True.
B. False.
It may lead the blood into the throat and easily cause choking.
3. To treat a burn, you should _______.
A. rub(擦)some butter on it
B. hold the burnt part under cold
running water
C. put salt on the burnt part
4. You should wait at least five minutes
before touching somebody who has
been struck by lightning, or you might
get a shock (打击).
A. True.
B. False.
5. Your friend has an asthma (哮喘) attack,
but she doesn’t have her medicine. You’d
better _________.
A. get a paper bag for her to breathe into
B. get her a cup of coffee
C. take her outside for fresh air
Caffeine (咖啡因) can help to dilate (扩大)
the windpipe (气管).
6. To treat a choke, you should make
him/her spit by patting him/her on
the back.
A. True.
B. False.
7. If someone is having a heart attack,
you should first:
A. Call 120.
B. Perform CPR (心肺复苏).
Assessment of results
All correct: Congratulations! You have a good knowledge of first aid. You may become a first aid expert in the near future.
4～7: You have some knowledge of first aid, but you should work harder and learn more about it.
0～3: It seems that you are not interested in first aid. If an emergency happens to the people around you, you will have some trouble in helping them.
What happened in the picture
What kind of first aid should you give
a snake bite
The person bitten must get a doctor
or go to hospital at once.
Speed is very important.
It will help the doctor greatly if
you can tell him what kind of snake
it was, or describe the situation.
first aid for a snake bite
What happened in the picture
What kind of first aid should you give
bleeding
Try to stop the bleeding.
Press a handkerchief onto the
bleeding point and hold it there.
Hold up the part of body which is
bleeding if possible.
first aid for bleeding
What happened in the picture
What kind of first aid should you give
a sprained ankle
Tied with medical bandage.
It is better to avoid walking with the injured ankle.
It is correct to use ice bag for removing pain and bleeding, and it won’t influence our own body healing.
first aid for a sprained ankle
What happened in the picture
What kind of first aid should you give
choking
Make him / her spit by patting him / her on the back.
To avoid choking, we shouldn’t talk or laugh when eating.
first aid for choking
What happened in the picture
What kind of first aid should you give
a broken arm
Do not move the patient.
Support the broken arm in the most comfortable position.
Get medical help immediately.
first aid for a broken arm
What happened in the picture
What kind of first aid should you give
a nosebleed
Breathe through the mouth, not the nose.
Sit up and bend the head slightly
forward.
Pinch (捏) both nostrils (鼻孔) shut
using a thumb and forefinger.
Spit out any blood that collects in the
mouth.
first aid for a nosebleed
What would you do in the following situations
What could we do to prevent these accidents
Learn how to swim.
Swim with a life-buoy (救生圈/衣).
Never swim alone.
Don’t swim in dangerous waters.
Follow the traffic rules and be careful.
Use crosswalks and look at both sides
when crossing the street.
Never use a cellphone while driving,
riding a bike or walking on a busy
street.
Keep calm and find your way
out quickly, using the escape
route exit.
Try to sound the fire alarm.
Don’t open the door if the door
is hot or if you see smoke coming
under the door.
Stand in front of an open window
and shout for help. Try to cover
your mouth with a wet towel.
Never play with knives or
other sharp objects.
Always be careful with
your tools, especially knives.
Don’t eat too fast and don’t
forget to chew your food.
Don’t talk or laugh while
having food in the mouth.
Important Numbers
120
119
110
Emergency medical service
Fire department
Police department
Choose the best answer.
1. Which person would you help first
A. Li Yan, who has cut her foot on glass.
B. Xue Jin, whose nose is bleeding.
C. GaoYuan, who is on the ground not
breathing.
D. Wang Feng, who has broken her arm.
2. What should the first step be when you
carry out rescue breathing
A. Clear the airway.
B. Check the pulse.
C. Blow into the victim’s mouth.
D. Check for breathing.
3. How would you stop severe bleeding
A. Cover the wound with plastic.
B. Wash the wound.
C. Do nothing as the bleeding will stop by
itself.
D. Put a bandage over the wound and
then press on it.
4. A friend is choking on a piece of food
and is coughing badly. What should
you do
A. Do nothing.
B. Carry out rescue breathing.
C. Have him/her lie down and rest.
D. Slap him/her four or five times on
the back.
First aid is the science of giving medical care to a person before a doctor can be found. Anyone with the knowledge can give first aid; you don’t have to be a doctor. First aid, if quickly and correctly given, can save a person’s life.
Summary
Questions for the picture below:
What is on the cupboard
What has happened to the little girl
2. What kind of first aid would you perform
in this situation
Cool the area of skin; wash it under the cold running water.
Cover the wound with bandage/clean cloth.
See a doctor if necessary.
first aid for burn
Homework
Look up the new words
and expressions of the
reading in the dictionary.
2. Preview the reading:
FIRST AID FOR BURNS(共38张PPT)
Unit 5
First
aid
skin
organ
barrier
poison
ray
complex
variety
liquid
n. 皮; 皮肤
n. 器官
n. 屏障; 障碍 (物)
n. 毒药; 毒害
vt.毒害; 使中毒
n. 光线; 射线
adj. 复杂的
n. 变化; 多样 (化)
n. 液体
Words preview
radiation
mild
mildly
pan
stove
tissue
swell
n. 辐射; 射线
adj. 轻微的; 温和的
adv.轻微地; 温和地
n. 平底锅; 盘子
n. 炉子; 火炉
n. 组织; 手巾纸
vt. & vi. (使) 膨胀; 隆起
Words preview
swollen
scissors
unbearable
basin
squeeze
bandage
vital
adj. 肿胀的
n. 剪刀
adj. 难以忍受的
n. 盆; 盆地
vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨
n. 绷带
adj. 至关重要的；
生死攸关的
Words preview
electric shock
squeeze … out
over and over again
触电; 电休克
榨出; 挤出
反复; 多次
Expressions preview
FIRST AID FOR BURNS
Reading
Skimming
to get
general ideas
The largest organ of our body is ______.
A. heart B. liver (肝脏)
C. skin D. stomach
2. There are ______ types of burns.
A. two B. three
C. four D. five
Skimming
Reading Comprehension I
In which order are these topics covered
in the text Number them from 1 to 5.
the three types of burns
what to do if someone gets burned
the functions of the skin
the symptoms of burns
how we get burns
3
5
1
4
2
Skimming
Reading Comprehension II
Careful reading
to solve
difficult points
1. aid vt. 帮助; 援助
1) He aided me in business.
2) I aided her to continue her study.
3) At Christmas, many organizations
aid the poor.
aid n. 帮助; 援助 (不可数)
They’ve made an urgent request for international aid.
他们紧急请求国际援助。
She choked with emotion.
她激动得说不出话来。
The smoke almost choked me.
烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。
2. choke vi. & vt. 窒息; 阻塞
3. swell vi. & vt. 膨胀; 隆起
The doctor examined the swelling on
my back.
The sprain made my ankle swell up.
我的脚踝扭伤肿了起来。
swollen adj. 肿胀的
His eyelid is swollen.
他眼皮肿了。
4. squeeze 挤；压；塞
I squeezed myself onto the crowded
train.
He squeezed everything into a suitcase.
squeeze out vt. 榨出 (榨取)
The lemon looks dry to me, but you may be able to squeeze out a few drops.
那个柠檬看来已经干了，但也许你还能挤出几滴汁来。
Scanning
to get
detail information
1. Our skin has three layers.
2. We will never get burned by the sun.
3. Burns are divided into three degrees according to the degree of pain.
4. Third degree burns are the most serious and painful.
Reading Comprehension III
True or False
Scanning
5. Put cold water on any burns to cool them.
6. Don’t rub the burns.
7. It’s better that you put some butter or oil on burns.
8. If burns are on the face, the victim should sit up.
Answer the questions.
1. Why should you put cold water on a
burn
2. Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt
3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery
near burns should be removed
4. If someone has a third degree burn,
why might you see tissue
Reading Comprehension IV
Scanning
Why should you put cold water on a
burn
2. Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt
Because the cold water stops the
burning process, stops the pain and
reduces the swelling.
Because in the third degree burn the
nerves have been damaged. If there
are no nerves, there is no pain.
3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery
near burns should be removed
4. If someone has a third degree burn,
why might you see tissue
Because bacteria from the clothes and
jewellery could infect the burns.
Because all the layers of the skin have
been burnt showing the tissue
underneath.
The functions of the skin:
Protect you against _______, _______
and ____________________;
2) Keep you _______ or _____;
3) Prevent your body from __________
___________;
4) Give you _____________.
losing too
sense of touch
warm
cool
diseases
poisons
the sun’s harmful rays
Part 1
Detailed Reading
much water
steam
fire
the sun
electricity
chemicals
hot liquids
radiation
Part 2
Causes of burns
Types of burns
Part 3
second degree burns
first degree burns
third degree burns
the top layer of the skin
the top and the second layer of the skin
all three layers of the skin
Which layer of the skin does the different
types of burns affect
C
rough, red and
swollen with
blisters…
dry, red and
mildly swollen…
black and white and charred…
second degree burns
first degree burns
third degree burns
Characteristics of burns
Part 4
B
A
Characteristics
________ clothing and jewelry near the burns.
______ the burns with cool but not icy water.
______ cool, clean wet cloths on the burns.
_____ the burned area gently.
Take off
Cool
Place
Dry
Dos
First aid treatment
Part 5
5. ______ the burned area with a dry
clean bandage.
6. ______ the burned area ______ than
the heart, if possible.
7. _____ the victim ___ the doctor or
hospital, if the injuries are second or
third degree burns.
Cover
Keep
higher
Get
Dos
to
Don'ts
Do not _______ the clothing that is
stuck to the burns.
2. Do not cool the burns with _____ water.
3. Do not put cool water on _____ degree burns.
4. Do not ____ butter, oil, ointment on burns.
5. Do not ____ the burns, it will break the blisters.
remove
icy
third
put
rub
http://www.healthy.net/clinic/firstaid/
If you want more tips about first aid and ways to deal with common injuries, refer to the following websites.
http://kidshealth.org/parent/firstaid_safe/
http://mi./firstaid_rfrg.htm
Quiz
Types of burns
There are ______ types of burns depending on which _______ are burned.
________________ affect only the
_____ layer and should feel better within ____________.
Second degree burns affect both the
____ and the _______ layer. These burns are _______ and take a few weeks to heal.
Quiz I
_________________ affect all ______ layers and any ______ and ______ under the skin. They are very _______ injuries and the victim must get to ________ at
once.
There are ______ types of burns depending on which _______ are burned.
________________ affect only the
_____ layer and should feel better within ____________.
Second degree burns affect both the
____ and the _______ layer. These burns are _______ and take a few weeks to heal.
three
layers
First degree burns
top
a day or two
top
second
serious
Answer
_________________ affect all ______ layers and any ______ and ______ under the skin. They are very _______ injuries and the victim must get to ________ at
once.
Third degree burns
three
tissue
organs
severe
hospital
Translation
Quiz II
Burns are called first, second or third degree burns, ___________________
________________________ (根据皮肤烧伤的层次).
2. These affect both ___________________
______________ (皮肤的最上层和第二层).
3. If burns are on arms or legs, _________
___________________(把他们抬高到高于心脏的位置), if possible.
depending on which
higher than the heart
the top and the second
layers of the skin are burned
layer of the skin
keep them
1. —What fruit is in season now
—Pears and apples, ______.
(2008 全国卷I)
A. I know B. I think
C. I see D. I feel
Quiz III
2. — Have you got any particular
plans for the coming holiday
— Yes, _____, I’m going to visit
some homes for the old in the
city. (2008 安徽卷)
A. if ever B. if busy
C. if anything D. if possible
Discuss the four situations given
on Pages 35 and 36.
Surf the Internet and try to get
more about first aid for choking,
bleeding, rescue breathing, bites,
sprains, etc.
Homework
