中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高一英语必修一上册(北师大新改版)
第一讲
Unit1
Life
Choices(1)
作业小测1(题目+答案)
单词拼写
______(以前的)
to
this
,
scientific
experiments
did
not
show
a
definite
link
between
mobile
phone
use
and
cancer.
________(质量)matters
more
than
quantity.
A
lot
of
young
people
and
even
many
graduates
_______(志愿)
to
work
in
Tibet.
Now
she
is
planning
a
practical
_________(日程表)
for
our
trip
to
Xinjiang.
A
________(自信的)
man
may
turn
the
trivial(
不重要的)
into
the
great
and
the
mean
into
the
magic.
课文语法填空
The
①______
world
is
a
big
part
of
my
life.
I
②______(use)
the
computer
since
I
was
a
kid.
I
do
a
wide
range
of
things
online.
Besides
③_______
(
do)
all
my
school
work,
I
do
various
things
for
pleasure.
It's
so
④_________
(
convenience)
to
buy
things
online.
My
parents
are
⑤________(
worry)
that
I
may
become
an
“Internet
addict”.
According
to
them,
there
is
a
⑥________(
dangerous)
that
I
may
not
be
able
to
tell
the
good
from
the
bad.
⑦_______
(actual)
,
I'm
a
go-getter.
At
the8
(begin)
of
the
term,
I
set
a
goal
for
every
subject,
I
am
attentive
in
all
classes.
I
like
reading
books
of
all
⑨_________
(
kind).
I
always
make
every
minute
⑩_______(count)
and
get
ahead.
答案：
单词拼写
1.
Previous
2.Quality
3.volunteer
4.
schedule
5.confident
课文语法填空
1.online
2.have
been
using
3.doing
4.convenient
5.worried
6.danger
7.Actually
8.beginning
9.kinds
10.count
阅读理解
My
husband
and
I
used
to
live
in
the
city.
But
we
often
faced
a
lot
of
problems
there.
There
was
a
lot
of
late-night
noise.
It
was
difficult
to
find
parking.
And
the
rent
of
the
apartment
was
high.
Finally,
my
husband
and
I
decided
to
move
to
the
suburb
outside
Boston.
We
started
looking
for
our
new
home.
It
turned
out
that
many
other
people
were
also
moving
to
the
suburbs
and
it
wasn’t
easy
to
find
a
nice
house
there.
Finally
we
went
to
see
a
small
and
dark
house.
It
needed
a
lot
of
work.
But
it
was
well
built
and
it
was
on
a
street
where
we
could
walk
to
Starbucks,
restaurants
and
bus
stops.
Well,
before
I
knew
it,
we
had
made
an
offer
and
the
house
became
ours.On
our
first
night
in
the
house
I
cried
for
five
hours.I
thought
we
had
made
the
wrong
decision
and
I
wanted
to
go
back
to
the
city—the
house
was
smelly
and
old.
And
many
families
and
old
people
lived
around
it.
But
after
thinking
of
the
problems
we
had
when
we
were
living
in
the
city,
I
calmed
down.Besides,
our
new
home
wasn’t
that
bad,
after
all.I
had
a
driveway
of
my
own.There
were
three
big
bedrooms
and
a
backyard
for
my
dog.
Oh,
how
lovely
the
sound
of
nothing
was.
I
changed
the
house
inch
by
inch
and
it
became
a
very
comfortable
home.
We
have
been
in
our
house
for
over
two
years
until
now
and
it’s
the
best
move
we
have
ever
made.
While
I’m
glad
I
can
drive
into
the
city
in
fifteen
minutes
and
enjoy
all
it
has
offered,
I’m
always
happy
to
return
home.
1.
Why
did
the
writer
and
her
husband
move
to
the
suburb?
(
)
A.
They
found
jobs
there.
B.
They
could
only
afford
a
small
house.
C.
They
dreamed
of
living
in
the
country.
D.
They
no
longer
liked
living
in
the
city.
2.
On
the
first
night
in
the
house，the
writer.
(
)
A.
was
too
excited
B.
felt
scared
living
there
C.
regretted
moving
there
at
first
D.
was
moved
to
tears
by
its
quietness
3.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
in
Paragraph
3
show
about
the
house?
(
)
A.
It
was
lovely.
B.
It
was
really
quiet.
C.
It
had
nothing
in
it.
D.
It
has
beautiful
sound.
答案：
阅读理解
1-3
DCB
七选五
Being
a
good
friend
isn’t
always
easy,
but
taking
the
time
to
develop
a
lasting
friendship
is
worth
the
effort.
As
the
years
pass,
you
will
realize
that
each
friendship
you
keep
is
priceless.
1
To
be
a
good
friend
and
deepen
a
friendship,
just
follow
these
steps.
Keep
your
promises.
Don’t
ever
make
a
promise
that
you
can’t
keep.
If
you
say
you’ll
hang
out
with
a
friend
and
an
unexpected
situation
arises,
explain
the
situation.Give
your
friend
a
gift
and
tell
him
or
her
you
are
sorry.Nobody
is
perfect,
and
it’s
okay
if
you
break
a
promise
once
in
a
blue
moon.
2
Apologize
when
you’ve
made
a
mistake.
3
Though
your
friend
won’t
be
happy
that
you
made
a
mistake,
he
or
she
will
be
very
pleased
that
you
admit
it
instead
of
just
pretending
that
nothing
is
wrong.
4
To
be
truly
supportive,
you
will
have
to
be
able
to
watch
out
for
your
friend
when
he/she
is
having
a
difficult
time.
If
you
sense
that
your
friend
is
getting
into
some
trouble,
help
him
or
her
away
from
the
situation
by
not
being
afraid
to
speak
up
about
it.
Give
your
friend
some
space
when
he
or
she
needs
it.
Part
of
being
supportive
means
supporting
the
fact
that
your
friend
won’t
always
want
to
spend
time
with
you.
Learn
to
step
back
and
give
your
friend
space.
5
Don’t
be
jealous
(嫉妒的)
if
your
friend
has
lots
of
other
friends.
However,
don’t
make
it
a
regular
thing.
Help
your
friend
deal
with
his
or
her
struggles.
Learn
to
forgive
your
friend
and
move
forward.
Of
course,
to
have
a
good
friend,
you
must
be
one.
If
you
want
your
friend
to
believe
in
you,
you
can’t
act
like
you’re
perfect.
Understand
if
your
friend
wants
to
be
alone
or
to
have
a
walk
with
other
people.
Take
the
time
to
truly
understand
your
friend
when
he
or
she
is
talking
to
you.
答案：
七选五
1-5
DAEBF
作业小测2(题目+答案)
单词拼写（首字母填空）
1.
There
are
v________
books
for
us
to
choose
from
,
like
history
books
,
science
books
,
literary
books
and
so
on.
2.
Thanks
for
your
attention
and
we
are
looking
forward
to
your
favorable
reply
at
your
most
c_________.
3.
Don't
put
much
p_________on
the
ball,or
it
may
break.
4.
It
is
a
c_________
job
for
me
to
cure
children
of
their
bad
habits.
5.
A
shark
can
smell
blood
at
a
d_________
of
half
a
kilometer.
单句语法填空
The
high
wind
passed
and
the
sea
was
(calm)
again.
(million)
of
people
will
be
affected
by
the
tax
change.
Taiwan,
(separate)
from
the
mainland
by
the
Taiwan
Strait,
is
not
a
separate
country
but
a
part
of
China.
The
plan
will
(explore)
in
more
detail.
After
the
long-distance
(fly),
I
felt
very
tired.
单句改错题
After
the
long
journey,
the
three
of
them
went
back
home,
hungrily.
The
secretary
worked
deep
into
the
night,
prepared
a
long
speech
for
the
president.
The
boy
stands
at
the
door
is
my
cousin.
We
have
dozen
of
things
to
do
now.
He
knew
she
was
crying
because
what
he
had
said.
作业小测2答案：
一、1.various
2.convenience
3.pressure
4.challenge
5.distance
二、1.calm
2.Millions
3.separated
4.be
explored
5.flight
三、1.
hungrily→hungry
prepared→preparing
stands→standing
dozen→dozens
because后加of
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高一英语必修一上册(北师大新版)
第一讲
Unit1
Life
Choices(1)
目标一
掌握：Unit
1
Topic
Talk
&
Lesson
1
&
Lesson
2
词汇词组及句子的辨析及使用
目标二
语法突破：Infinitives
不定式
【目标一
Unit
1
Topic
Talk&Lesson
1
&
Lesson
2
词汇/词组/句子的辨析和使用】
Topic
Talk
教材P6
previous
adj.
以前的；早先的(只用在名词前)
(1)previous
to...
在...之前(该短语多作状语，其中to为介词)
(2)拓展
previously
adv.
先前；以前
precious
adj.宝贵的，珍贵的
(3)完成句子
①There
were
no
women
in
the
committee
__________
_______（在...之前）
1976,
but
now
women
are
in
a
majority.
②老师常常告诫我们时间比金钱更宝贵。
Our
teachers
often
told
us
that
_______
_______
______
________than
money.
答案：①to
②time
is
more
precious
教材P6
confidence
n.
信心，自信
(1)常见搭配
lack
confidence
缺乏自信
have
confidence
in...
对......有信心
(2)拓展
confident
adj.
自信的；肯定的
confidently
adv.自信地，大胆地
常见搭配
be
confident
about...
对......有信心
be
confident
of
(doing)
sth.
对(做)某事有把握
be
confident
that...
确信......
(3)单句语法填空
①It’s
necessary
for
us
to
help
develop
the
__________
(confident)
of
the
disabled,
which
is
the
first
step
for
them
to
succeed.
②At
first
Robert
wouldn’t
let
his
daughter
go
diving,
but
eventually
he
gave
in
as
she
was
so
confident
_____
her
skills.
答案：①confidence
②about
Lesson
1
教材P8
various
adj.
各种各样的，不同的
(1)拓展
vary
v.
变化；相异
variety
n.
不同种类；变化；多样性
(2)常见搭配
a
variety
of
=
varieties
of
各种各样的
vary
from
...
to
...
由......到......不等
vary
with
随......变化
vary
in
在.......方面变化
(3)单句语法填空
①Many
people
were
absent
for
________(vary)
reasons.
②Opinions
on
this
matter
vary
_______
person
_______
person.
答案：①various
②from;
to
教材P8
convenient
adj.
便利的，方便的，就近的
(1)常见搭配
be
convenient
to...
对.......很方便
It
is
convenient
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
做某事对某人来说是方便的。
(2)拓展
convenience
n.
方便；省事
inconvenience
n.
不便；麻烦
inconvenience
adj.
不方便的
(3)完成句子
①They
abruptly
disappeared
into
a
________(就近的)
hole
in
the
wall.
②你方便的时候来看我。
Come
and
see
me
when
_______
________
________
__________
__________.
答案：①convenient
②it
is
convenient
for
you(不可填you
are
convenient)
教材P100
challenge
n.
挑战
vt.
向......挑战；对.......质疑
(1)常见搭配
accept/take
up
a
challenge
接受挑战
face/meet
a
challenge
面对挑战，应对挑战
a
challenge
to
(to为介词)
对......的挑战
(2)易错提示
challenge
作及物动词时，本身已含有“向......”“对......”之意，
因此其后不需要再加介词to。向某人挑战
challenge
to
sb.
(×)
challenge
sb.
(√)
(3)完成句子
①The
economy
of
this
country
______
_________
__________
___________.(正面临着另一个挑战)
②When
I
said
I
ran
faster
than
her,
she
__________
______
(向我挑战)
to
a
race.
答案：①is
facing
another
challenge
②challenged
me
教材P9
set
out
to
do
sth.
开始/着手去做某事
(1)set
out
sth.
阐明某事
set
out
for
someplace
出发去某地
(2)拓展
set
off
出发；动身；引爆
set
about
着手；开始做......
set
aside
留出；不顾；把......置于一边
set
down
记下；放下；登记
set
up
开办；建立；设立
set
sail
扬帆启航
set
foot
in
涉足
be
set
in
故事发生在；以......为背景
(3)完成句子
①You
will
be
anxious
if
you
set
______
for
a
dinner
late.
②You
can
set
______
a
timetable
for
the
remaining
weeks
before
the
race.
答案：①out/off
②up
教材P100
all
in
all
总而言之，一般来说
(1)拓展
in
all
总计，合计
at
all
根本，究竟
all
alone
独自
all
around
周围，到处
all
at
once
突然
all
through
一直
All
the
same
仍然，还是
all
along
自始至终
all
over浑身，到处
(2)完成句子
①You
shouldn’t
have
scolded
the
boy
_____
all,
who
is
only
a
child
_____
all.
______
all,
he
made
only
three
mistakes
____
all.
_____
______
______,
you
were
wrong.
答案：①at;
after;
Above;
in;
All
in
all
教材P9
I
am
always
attentive
in
all
classes
and
think
actively,
so
that
I
can
have
more
free
time
to
do
other
things
that
I’m
interested
in
after
school.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句so
that
(表示目的)为了/以便，引导目的状语从句。
例：为了能通过考试，人人都在努力学习。
Everyone
is
working
hard
so
that
they
can
pass
the
exam.
(表示目的)
另外，so
that还可以引导结果状语从句，表示“因此/所以”。
例：他说得很慢，这样我就听懂了。
He
spoke
slowly
so
that
I
understood
him.
(引出结果)
(2)辨析比较：so...
that/
such...
that(如此.......以至于......)引导的结果状语从句
so+
形容词或副词
+that
从句
注意：当so...
that/
such...
that结构中的so/such位于句首时，主句要倒装。例:
他说话声音很大，每个人都能听清楚。So
loudly
did
he
speak
that
everyone
could
hear
him
clearly.
形容词+a/an+可数名词单数
many/few
+可数名词复数
much/little+不可数名词
such+
a/an+形容词+可数名词单数
+that从句
形容词+可数名词复数
形容词+不可数名词
(3)完成句子
①John
has
______
little
money
______
he
can’t
buy
the
book.
②Mike
is
______
honest
a
man
______
we
all
believe
him.
=Mike
is
______
_______
_______
_______
_______
we
all
believe
him.
答案：①so;
that
②so;that
such
an
honest
man
that
教材P9
I
have
a
top
10
reading
list
and
I
try
to
keep
it
updated.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句keep
意为“使.......处于某种状态”，常用于“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
该结构常见形式：
Keep
+sb./sth.
+形容词/副词
Keep
+sb./sth.
+介宾短语
Keep
+sb./sth.
+现在分词(表示动作或状态的持续)
Keep
+sb./sth.
+过去分词(表示被动或状态的持续)
(2)单句语法填空
①I’m
so
sorry
to
have
kept
you
________
(wait)
for
half
an
hour.
②Please
keep
me
________
(inform)
of
the
latest
news
while
I’m
away.
答案：①waiting
②informed
10.
教材P9
On
the
plus
side,
I
get
to
travel
a
lot
to
different
countries
for
matches
and
of
course,
hearing
people
cheer
you
on
is
great
!
(1)句子考点剖析
本句
hearing
people
cheer
you
on
在句中作主语，cheer
you
on
在此结构中作宾语补足语。
①一般来说，v.-ing
作主语表示一般性的、抽象的动作或状态。单个的v.-ing
作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
②结构：感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语，在该结构中，宾语补足语的形式除了do以外，还有doing和done，其中do表示主动动作且指动作发生的全过程(在被动语态中，不带to的宾补变为主语补足语时，要还原不定式符号to)；doing表示主动且动作正在进行；done表示被动且动作已经完成。
(2)完成句子
①_______(travel)
along
the
old
Silk
Road
is
an
interesting
and
rewarding
experience.
②My
father
noticed
me
_______
(stay)
indoors
all
the
week
and
he
suggested
I
get
close
to
nature.
答案：①Traveling/Travelling
②stay
Lesson
2
11.
教材P12
suffer
vi.
(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受折磨
vt.
遭受；经历(其后常跟抽象名词)
(1)常见搭配
suffer
from
受......之苦，患......病
suffer
from
a
bad
cold
患重感冒
suffer
from
the
loss
of
memory
患失忆症
suffer
from
a
headache
/toothache
头疼/牙疼
suffer=experience
经历
suffer
pain/hardship
经历痛苦/困难
suffer
a
defeat/
a
loss/
punishment
遭受失败/损失/惩罚
(2)拓展
sufferer
n.
受苦者；患病者
suffering
n.
折磨；苦难；痛苦
(3)单句语法填空
①Japan
________
(suffer)
serious
damage
caused
by
the
terrible
earthquake.
②Though
______________
(suffer)the
flood,
the
villagers
did
what
they
could
to
fight
it.
答案：①suffered
②suffering
from
12.
教材P12
stress
n.
压力；重音；强调；紧张；重要性
vt.
强调；使紧张；加压力于
(1)常见搭配
under
stress
在压力之下
lay/place/put
stress
on
强调......
(2)拓展
stressful
adj.
焦虑不安的
stressed
adj.
有压力的；紧张的
(3)语法填空
①After
a
________(stress)
week
of
work,
all
the
employees
were
extremely
__________(stress)
and
tired.
They
complained
that
few
could
work
efficiently
__________
stress.
答案：①stressful;
stressed;
under
13.
教材P12
reduce
vt.
缩小；减少；降低
(1)常见搭配
reduce
to
减少到(具体数目)
reduce
by
减少了(净减百分比)
reduce
sb.
to
tears/silence
使某人流泪/沉默
reduce
sb.
to
doing
sth.
使某人沦落到做某事
(2)拓展
reduction
n.
减少；缩小；减价；折扣
(3)语法填空
①I
will
place
an
order
for
your
products
if
you
reduce
the
price
_______
50%.
That
is
to
say,
you
must
reduce
it
______
10
yuan
for
every
one.
②There
has
been
slight
________(reduce)
in
unemployment
so
far.
答案：①by;
to
②reduction
14.
教材P101
remove
vt.
移动；搬开
vi.
迁居；搬家
(1)常见搭配
remove
sth.
from
sp.
把某物从某地搬走(移开)
remove
sb.
from
sth.
把某人从某机构中开除
remove
from
...
to
...
从......搬到......
remove
sb.
from
school.
勒令某人退学
remove
one’s
doubt/trouble
消除某人的疑虑/烦恼
(2)辨析：remove
&
move
remove
除去；搬走
remove
the
dictionary
from
the
desk
从课桌上拿走词典
move
移动
move
the
desk
移动桌子
(3)写出下列句子中remove的含义
①He
removed
his
jacket
when
he
arrived
home.
___________
②If
a
nest
has
four
eggs
and
you
remove
one,
the
bird
will
not
notice.
___________
③He
was
severely
criticized
and
removed
from
his
post.
___________
答案：①脱下
②拿走
③开除
15.
教材P101
seek
vt.
&vi.
(
seek-sought-sought)
寻找；探索
(1)常见搭配
seek
after/for
寻找；追求
seek
to
do
sth.
试图/设法做某事
seek
one’s
advice/help
寻求某人的建议/帮助
seek
out.
挑选出；物色
seek
sth.
from
sb.
向某人寻求某事
seek
one’s
fortune/fame
追求财富/名誉
(2)单句语法填空
①_____________(seek)
for
a
solution
to
the
problem
for
several
days,
they
finally
found
one.
②The
couple
have
sought
help
______
their
marriage
go-betweens.
答案：①Having
sought
②from
16.
教材P101
Well,
shy
people
can
find
social
situations
very
stressful-going
to
parties,
for
example.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句
find
social
situations
very
stressful
是“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，其中的宾语补足语可以使现在分词(短语)、形容词、副词、名词、动词不定式(to
be可省略)和介词短语。
例如：I
found
it
a
boring
film.
(名词短语作宾语补足语)
我发现这部电影很乏味。
(3)语法填空
①When
I
entered
the
office,
I
found
the
computer
________
(stole).
②He
was
fired(解雇)
because
he
was
found
________
(smoke)
in
the
kitchen.
答案：①stolen
②smoking
17.
教材P101
Ah...there’s
another
thing-
in
French
lessons
I
can’t
stand
talking
in
front
of
the
class...
(1)句子考点剖析
stand
后接动词时，要用动词的v.-ing形式。
常见后跟v.-ing形式的及物动词有：
避免
延期
错过
avoid
miss
put
off/postpone
建议
完成
练习
suggest
finish
practice
喜欢
想象
禁不住
enjoy
imagine
can’t
help
承认
否定
嫉妒
admit
deny
envy
逃避
冒险
原谅
escape
risk
excuse
忍受
保持
介意
stand
keep
mind
(2)语法填空
①I
don’t
mind
_______
(meet)
people
in
small
groups.
②He
can
finish
_______
(read)
the
novel
today.
答案：①meeting
②reading
【目标二
语法突破：Infinitives
不定式】
动词不定式的形式
基本形式：“to+动原”
否定形式：“to”
前加“not”
疑问形式：“疑问词+to+动原”
被动形式：“to
be?+过去分词”
完成形式：“to
have?+过去分词”
动词不定式的时态和语态
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
to
write
to
be
written
完成式
to
write
to
have
been
written
进行式
to
be
writing
完成进行式
to
have
been
writing
动词不定式的句法功能
（一）动词不定式作主语
1.不定式短语在句首作主语
To
know
oneself
is
difficult.人贵有自知之明。
2.用it作形式主语
?It's
rude
to
turn
your
back
to
your
teacher
and
refuse
to
answer.
背对着老师，拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。
【注意】当主语和表语都是不定式时，不能用形式主语代替动词不定式。??
To
respect
others
is
to
be
respected.尊重别人就是尊重自己。
动词不定式作表语
??His
wish
is
to
become
an
astronaut.他的愿望是成为一名宇航员。
【注意】有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。
??
She
is
to
blame.她应该受到责备。
动词不定式作宾语
1.作动词的宾语
??
（1）不定式可以充当部分及物动词的宾语。
??
Father
likes
to
listen
to
music
in
silence.父亲喜欢静静地听音乐。
【必背】可接不定式作宾语的动词有：
口诀助记：
三个希望两答应
hope
wish
want
agree
promise
两个要求莫拒绝
demand
ask
refuse
设法学会做决定
manage
learn
decide
不要假装在选择
pretend
choose
在feel,
find,
make,
think,consider等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语时，人们常
用it作形式宾语，而把真实宾语放在宾语补足语之后。
??
I
found
it
possible
to
work
out
the
problem
without
a
computer.
我发现有可能不用计算机而解出这道题目。
（3）在表示“希望、打算”等动词（如hope,expect,
intend,
mean,
want等）的过去式后，
可接动词不定式的完成式来表示没有实现的动作。
??
I
intended
to
have
called
on
you,
but
was
prevented
from
doing
so.
我原想来拜访你的，但没来成。
【提示】表示“原打算、原以为”还可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达。
??
I
had
expected
to
meet
him
here
last
night.我原以为昨天晚上能在这里见到他的。
2.作介词的宾语
??不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语。
The
teacher
made
no
comments
except
to
tell
him
to
work
hard.老师除了叫他努力学习外，未做任何评价。
3.作形容词的宾语
??不定式作形容词的宾语有两种句型，一个是句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语，另一个是句子的主语是不定式的
逻辑宾语。
??
（1）句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语。这类形容词有able,afraid,
angry,
anxious,
careful,
clever,
content,
cruel,
determined,disappointed,
eager,
foolish,
fortunate,
frightened,
happy,
impatient,
glad,lucky,
naughty,
prepared,
proud,
ready,
slow,
shocked,
sorry,
surprised,willing等。
??I
am
sorry
to
say
that
he
is
going
from
bad
to
worse.??很遗憾，他的情况每况愈下。
（2）句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。
这类形容词有easy,hard,
cheap,expensive,
dangerous,
difficult,
funny,
fit,
impossible,interesting,
nice,
pleasant,
simple,
strange,
useful等。
??This
problem
is
easy
to
solve.这个问题很容易解决。
?【注意】在这种结构中，如果不定式是不及物动词，则必须加上结构或含义所需的介词。
??The
river
is
dangerous
to
swim
in.在这条河里游泳很危险。
（四）动词不定式作宾语补足语
1.在表示感觉的动词后作宾语补足语，并且不定式都不带to。这类动词有：see,hear,
feel,
watch,
notice,
observe,
look
at,
listen
to等。
??I
heard
them
sing
yesterday.昨天我听见他们唱歌了。
【注意】转为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。notice和watch没有被动语态。
??We
saw
the
car
stop.→The
car
was
seen
to
stop.
我们看见这辆车停了下来。
???
2.在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。
??这类动词有：make,let,
have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式（have没有被动语态）。
??有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。
一感：feel
??二听：hear,listen
to
?三让：let,have,make
?四观看：observe,see,watch,look
at
??She
made
him
give
up
smoking.
她让他戒了烟。
3.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：consider,think,
believe,
discover,
find,
imagine,
judge,
suppose,
prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是“to
be+形容词或名词”结构，think,
consider,
find后的tobe常可省略。??We
consider
him
(to
be)
a
good
teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：love,like,
prefer,
hate,
want,
wish,
expect等。
?
?I'd
prefer
you
to
leave
him
alone.我希望你不要打扰他。
5.动词advise,allow,
ask,
beg,
command,
tell,
invite,
force,
oblige,
get,
help,
encourage,persuade,
permit,
remind,request,
order,
warn,
cause等后面，多接不定式短语作宾语补足语。
We
don't
allow
such
things
to
happen
again.????我们不容许这种事情再发生。
【注意】hope,demand,
suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
【必背】这些带介词的短语动词有：
call
on
号召
arrange
for
安排
long
for
盼望
wait
for
等待
depend
on
依靠
rely
on
指望
（五）动词不定式作定语
1.主谓关系
??The
future
to
greet
us
will
be
bright.
我们的未来会十分美好的。
2.动宾关系
??On
Sundays,
he
always
has
a
lot
of
letters
to
write.
星期天，他总是有许多信要写。
【注意】由于动词不定式与其修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系，因此，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。She
has
a
child
to
take
care
of.她有一个孩子要照看。
3.同位关系
??He
broke
his
promise
to
write
to
his
parents
regularly.
他没有遵守诺言定期给他父母亲写信。
4.修饰关系
??Now
it
is
time
to
begin
our
class.
现在是上课的时间了。
动词不定式作状语
1.表示目的
??I'm
saving
up
to
buy
a
computer.我在存钱买电脑。
【注意】有时为了强调或突出这种目的，也可以用in
order
(not)
to
do,和so
as
(not)
to
do结构（so
as
to
do不可以置于句首）。He
shouted
and
waved
in
order
to
be
noticed.为了吸引注意，他又嚷嚷又挥手。
2.表示结果
??He
got
to
the
station
only
to
find
the
train
had
gone.他赶到车站，发现火车已经开走了。
【必背】不定式表示结果常见于下列句型。
（1）so...
as
to
do
??Would
you
be
so
kind
as
to
lend
me
your
bicycle？把你的自行车借给我好吗？
?（2）such...
as
to
do
??We
are
not
such
fools
as
to
believe
him.我们还没蠢到竟会相信他。
（3）enough
to
do
??He
didn't
run
fast
enough
to
catch
the
train.?他跑得不够快,没赶上火车。
?（4）only
to
do
??He
lifted
a
rock
only
to
drop
it
on
his
own
feet.他搬起石头砸自己的脚。
（5）too...
to
do
??His
eyesight
is
too
poor
to
read
such
small
letters.她的视力太差了，不能看这么小的字。
??
【注意】too...to...结构中的形容词如果是eager,pleased,
happy,
ready等，动词不定式不表示结果，也没有否定的意思。The
boy
was
too
eager
to
get
a
geography
book.那个男孩非常急切地想要得到一本地理书。
3.表示原因
??I
was
a
fool
not
to
listen
to
you
at
that
time.??我当时不听你的话，真是傻瓜。
4.表示条件
??A
man
would
be
blind
not
to
see
that.一个人如果看不到这点，那他就是瞎子。
四、动词不定式的几种常见结构
（一）不定式的复合结构
be+不定式结构
疑问词+不定式结构
with/without+名词+不定式结构
It
is
+形容词+
for/of
sb
+
to
do结构
分裂不定式?动词不定式to
do通常是不拆开的，但偶尔也可在不定式符号to和动词原形之间插
入一个副词，构成分裂不定式。
用作独立成分的不定式
【必背】用作独立成分的不定式：
to
tell
you
the
truth说老实话
to
be
frank?
坦率地说
to
begin
with首先
to
be
brief简言之
to
make
a
long
story
short长话短说
to
be
exact精确地说
to
say
nothing
of姑且不说
to
conclude总而言之
to
be
sure诚然，固然
to
do
him
justice说句对他公道的话
so
to
speak可以这么说
用主动式表示被动含义的不定式
表示虚拟语气的不定式完成式
用于感叹句
五、不定式巩固练习
1.Skilled
workers
also
combine
various
hardwoods
and
metal
_______
?(create)
special
designs.
【答案】
to
create
2.Anxiously,
she
took
the
dress
out
of
the
package
and
tried
it
on,
only??_______??(find)
it
didn't
fit.
【答案】
?to
find
3.I
was
really
annoyed
_______??(learn)
that
they
started
out
without
me.
【答案】
?to
learn
4.For
25
days,
she
never
left
her
baby,
not
even
to
find
something
_______?(eat)!
【答案】
?to
eat。
5.It
took
years
of
work
_______?(reduce)
the
industrial
pollution
and
clean
the
water.
【答案】
?to
reduce
6.The
driver
failed??________?(see)
the
other
car
in
time.
【答案】
to
see
7.My
job
is
_________?(clean)
the
room
three
times
a
week.
【答案】
?to
lean
8.She
used
to
holding
me
on
her
knees
and
sing
old
songs.
(改错题)
【答案】
?holding
改为hold
9.If
the
answer
to
all
those
questions
is
yes,
you
had
better
_______??(control)
your
stress,
as
you
probably
are
under
more
stress
than
is
good
for
you.?
【答案】
?control
10.She
feels
relaxed
_______?(finish)
writing
her
thesis
before
the
deadline.
【答案】
?to
have
finished
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高一英语必修一上册(北师大新版)
第一讲
Unit1
Life
Choices(1)
目标一
掌握：Unit
1
Topic
Talk
&
Lesson
1
&
Lesson
2
词汇词组及句子的辨析及使用
目标二
语法突破：Infinitives
不定式
【目标一
Unit
1
Topic
Talk&Lesson
1
&
Lesson
2
词汇/词组/句子的辨析和使用】
Topic
Talk
教材P6
previous
adj.
以前的；早先的(只用在名词前)
(1)previous
to...
在...之前(该短语多作状语，其中to为介词)
(2)拓展
previously
adv.
先前；以前
precious
adj.宝贵的，珍贵的
(3)完成句子
①There
were
no
women
in
the
committee
__________
_______（在...之前）
1976,
but
now
women
are
in
a
majority.
②老师常常告诫我们时间比金钱更宝贵。
Our
teachers
often
told
us
that
_______
_______
______
________than
money.
教材P6
confidence
n.
信心，自信
(1)常见搭配
lack
confidence
缺乏自信
have
confidence
in...
对......有信心
(2)拓展
confident
adj.
自信的；肯定的
confidently
adv.自信地，大胆地
常见搭配
be
confident
about...
对......有信心
be
confident
of
(doing)
sth.
对(做)某事有把握
be
confident
that...
确信......
(3)单句语法填空
①It’s
necessary
for
us
to
help
develop
the
__________
(confident)
of
the
disabled,
which
is
the
first
step
for
them
to
succeed.
②At
first
Robert
wouldn’t
let
his
daughter
go
diving,
but
eventually
he
gave
in
as
she
was
so
confident
_____
her
skills.
Lesson
1
教材P8
various
adj.
各种各样的，不同的
(1)拓展
vary
v.
变化；相异
variety
n.
不同种类；变化；多样性
(2)常见搭配
a
variety
of
=
varieties
of
各种各样的
vary
from
...
to
...
由......到......不等
vary
with
随......变化
vary
in
在.......方面变化
(3)单句语法填空
①Many
people
were
absent
for
________(vary)
reasons.
②Opinions
on
this
matter
vary
_______
person
_______
person.
教材P8
convenient
adj.
便利的，方便的，就近的
(1)常见搭配
be
convenient
to...
对.......很方便
It
is
convenient
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
做某事对某人来说是方便的。
(2)拓展
convenience
n.
方便；省事
inconvenience
n.
不便；麻烦
inconvenience
adj.
不方便的
(3)完成句子
①They
abruptly
disappeared
into
a
________(就近的)
hole
in
the
wall.
②你方便的时候来看我。
Come
and
see
me
when
_______
________
________
__________
__________.
教材P100
challenge
n.
挑战
vt.
向......挑战；对.......质疑
(1)常见搭配
accept/take
up
a
challenge
接受挑战
face/meet
a
challenge
面对挑战，应对挑战
a
challenge
to
(to为介词)
对......的挑战
(2)易错提示
challenge
作及物动词时，本身已含有“向......”“对......”之意，
因此其后不需要再加介词to。向某人挑战
challenge
to
sb.
(×)
challenge
sb.
(√)
(3)完成句子
①The
economy
of
this
country
______
_________
__________
___________.(正面临着另一个挑战)
②When
I
said
I
ran
faster
than
her,
she
__________
______
(向我挑战)
to
a
race.
教材P9
set
out
to
do
sth.
开始/着手去做某事
(1)set
out
sth.
阐明某事
set
out
for
someplace
出发去某地
(2)拓展
set
off
出发；动身；引爆
set
about
着手；开始做......
set
aside
留出；不顾；把......置于一边
set
down
记下；放下；登记
set
up
开办；建立；设立
set
sail
扬帆启航
set
foot
in
涉足
be
set
in
故事发生在；以......为背景
(3)完成句子
①You
will
be
anxious
if
you
set
______
for
a
dinner
late.
②You
can
set
______
a
timetable
for
the
remaining
weeks
before
the
race.
教材P100
all
in
all
总而言之，一般来说
(1)拓展
in
all
总计，合计
at
all
根本，究竟
all
alone
独自
all
around
周围，到处
all
at
once
突然
all
through
一直
All
the
same
仍然，还是
all
along
自始至终
all
over浑身，到处
(2)完成句子
①You
shouldn’t
have
scolded
the
boy
_____
all,
who
is
only
a
child
_____
all.
______
all,
he
made
only
three
mistakes
____
all.
_____
______
______,
you
were
wrong.
教材P9
I
am
always
attentive
in
all
classes
and
think
actively,
so
that
I
can
have
more
free
time
to
do
other
things
that
I’m
interested
in
after
school.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句so
that
(表示目的)为了/以便，引导目的状语从句。
例：为了能通过考试，人人都在努力学习。
Everyone
is
working
hard
so
that
they
can
pass
the
exam.
(表示目的)
另外，so
that还可以引导结果状语从句，表示“因此/所以”。
例：他说得很慢，这样我就听懂了。
He
spoke
slowly
so
that
I
understood
him.
(引出结果)
(2)辨析比较：so...
that/
such...
that(如此.......以至于......)引导的结果状语从句
so+
形容词或副词
+that
从句
注意：当so...
that/
such...
that结构中的so/such位于句首时，主句要倒装。例:
他说话声音很大，每个人都能听清楚。So
loudly
did
he
speak
that
everyone
could
hear
him
clearly.
形容词+a/an+可数名词单数
many/few
+可数名词复数
much/little+不可数名词
such+
a/an+形容词+可数名词单数
+that从句
形容词+可数名词复数
形容词+不可数名词
(3)完成句子
①John
has
______
little
money
______
he
can’t
buy
the
book.
②Mike
is
______
honest
a
man
______
we
all
believe
him.
=Mike
is
______
_______
_______
_______
_______
we
all
believe
him.
教材P9
I
have
a
top
10
reading
list
and
I
try
to
keep
it
updated.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句keep
意为“使.......处于某种状态”，常用于“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
该结构常见形式：
Keep
+sb./sth.
+形容词/副词
Keep
+sb./sth.
+介宾短语
Keep
+sb./sth.
+现在分词(表示动作或状态的持续)
Keep
+sb./sth.
+过去分词(表示被动或状态的持续)
(2)单句语法填空
①I’m
so
sorry
to
have
kept
you
________
(wait)
for
half
an
hour.
②Please
keep
me
________
(inform)
of
the
latest
news
while
I’m
away.
10.
教材P9
On
the
plus
side,
I
get
to
travel
a
lot
to
different
countries
for
matches
and
of
course,
hearing
people
cheer
you
on
is
great
!
(1)句子考点剖析
本句
hearing
people
cheer
you
on
在句中作主语，cheer
you
on
在此结构中作宾语补足语。
①一般来说，v.-ing
作主语表示一般性的、抽象的动作或状态。单个的v.-ing
作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
②结构：感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语，在该结构中，宾语补足语的形式除了do以外，还有doing和done，其中do表示主动动作且指动作发生的全过程(在被动语态中，不带to的宾补变为主语补足语时，要还原不定式符号to)；doing表示主动且动作正在进行；done表示被动且动作已经完成。
(2)完成句子
①_______(travel)
along
the
old
Silk
Road
is
an
interesting
and
rewarding
experience.
②My
father
noticed
me
_______
(stay)
indoors
all
the
week
and
he
suggested
I
get
close
to
nature.
Lesson
2
11.
教材P12
suffer
vi.
(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受折磨
vt.
遭受；经历(其后常跟抽象名词)
(1)常见搭配
suffer
from
受......之苦，患......病
suffer
from
a
bad
cold
患重感冒
suffer
from
the
loss
of
memory
患失忆症
suffer
from
a
headache
/toothache
头疼/牙疼
suffer=experience
经历
suffer
pain/hardship
经历痛苦/困难
suffer
a
defeat/
a
loss/
punishment
遭受失败/损失/惩罚
(2)拓展
sufferer
n.
受苦者；患病者
suffering
n.
折磨；苦难；痛苦
(3)单句语法填空
①Japan
________
(suffer)
serious
damage
caused
by
the
terrible
earthquake.
②Though
______________
(suffer)the
flood,
the
villagers
did
what
they
could
to
fight
it.
12.
教材P12
stress
n.
压力；重音；强调；紧张；重要性
vt.
强调；使紧张；加压力于
(1)常见搭配
under
stress
在压力之下
lay/place/put
stress
on
强调......
(2)拓展
stressful
adj.
焦虑不安的
stressed
adj.
有压力的；紧张的
(3)语法填空
①After
a
________(stress)
week
of
work,
all
the
employees
were
extremely
__________(stress)
and
tired.
They
complained
that
few
could
work
efficiently
__________
stress.
13.
教材P12
reduce
vt.
缩小；减少；降低
(1)常见搭配
reduce
to
减少到(具体数目)
reduce
by
减少了(净减百分比)
reduce
sb.
to
tears/silence
使某人流泪/沉默
reduce
sb.
to
doing
sth.
使某人沦落到做某事
(2)拓展
reduction
n.
减少；缩小；减价；折扣
(3)语法填空
①I
will
place
an
order
for
your
products
if
you
reduce
the
price
_______
50%.
That
is
to
say,
you
must
reduce
it
______
10
yuan
for
every
one.
②There
has
been
slight
________(reduce)
in
unemployment
so
far.
14.
教材P101
remove
vt.
移动；搬开
vi.
迁居；搬家
(1)常见搭配
remove
sth.
from
sp.
把某物从某地搬走(移开)
remove
sb.
from
sth.
把某人从某机构中开除
remove
from
...
to
...
从......搬到......
remove
sb.
from
school.
勒令某人退学
remove
one’s
doubt/trouble
消除某人的疑虑/烦恼
(2)辨析：remove
&
move
remove
除去；搬走
remove
the
dictionary
from
the
desk
从课桌上拿走词典
move
移动
move
the
desk
移动桌子
(3)写出下列句子中remove的含义
①He
removed
his
jacket
when
he
arrived
home.
___________
②If
a
nest
has
four
eggs
and
you
remove
one,
the
bird
will
not
notice.
___________
③He
was
severely
criticized
and
removed
from
his
post.
___________
15.
教材P101
seek
vt.
&vi.
(
seek-sought-sought)
寻找；探索
(1)常见搭配
seek
after/for
寻找；追求
seek
to
do
sth.
试图/设法做某事
seek
one’s
advice/help
寻求某人的建议/帮助
seek
out.
挑选出；物色
seek
sth.
from
sb.
向某人寻求某事
seek
one’s
fortune/fame
追求财富/名誉
(2)单句语法填空
①_____________(seek)
for
a
solution
to
the
problem
for
several
days,
they
finally
found
one.
②The
couple
have
sought
help
______
their
marriage
go-betweens.
16.
教材P101
Well,
shy
people
can
find
social
situations
very
stressful-going
to
parties,
for
example.
(1)句子考点剖析
本句
find
social
situations
very
stressful
是“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，其中的宾语补足语可以使现在分词(短语)、形容词、副词、名词、动词不定式(to
be可省略)和介词短语。
例如：I
found
it
a
boring
film.
(名词短语作宾语补足语)
我发现这部电影很乏味。
(3)语法填空
①When
I
entered
the
office,
I
found
the
computer
________
(stole).
②He
was
fired(解雇)
because
he
was
found
________
(smoke)
in
the
kitchen.
17.
教材P101
Ah...there’s
another
thing-
in
French
lessons
I
can’t
stand
talking
in
front
of
the
class...
(1)句子考点剖析
stand
后接动词时，要用动词的v.-ing形式。
常见后跟v.-ing形式的及物动词有：
避免
延期
错过
avoid
miss
put
off/postpone
建议
完成
练习
suggest
finish
practice
喜欢
想象
禁不住
enjoy
imagine
can’t
help
承认
否定
嫉妒
admit
deny
envy
逃避
冒险
原谅
escape
risk
excuse
忍受
保持
介意
stand
keep
mind
(2)语法填空
①I
don’t
mind
_______
(meet)
people
in
small
groups.
②He
can
finish
_______
(read)
the
novel
today.
【目标二
语法突破：Infinitives
不定式】
动词不定式的形式
基本形式：“to+动原”
否定形式：“to”
前加“not”
疑问形式：“疑问词+to+动原”
被动形式：“to
be?+过去分词”
完成形式：“to
have?+过去分词”
动词不定式的时态和语态
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
to
write
to
be
written
完成式
to
write
to
have
been
written
进行式
to
be
writing
完成进行式
to
have
been
writing
动词不定式的句法功能
（一）动词不定式作主语
1.不定式短语在句首作主语
To
know
oneself
is
difficult.人贵有自知之明。
2.用it作形式主语
?It's
rude
to
turn
your
back
to
your
teacher
and
refuse
to
answer.
背对着老师，拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。
【注意】当主语和表语都是不定式时，不能用形式主语代替动词不定式。??
To
respect
others
is
to
be
respected.尊重别人就是尊重自己。
动词不定式作表语
??His
wish
is
to
become
an
astronaut.他的愿望是成为一名宇航员。
【注意】有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。
??
She
is
to
blame.她应该受到责备。
动词不定式作宾语
1.作动词的宾语
??
（1）不定式可以充当部分及物动词的宾语。
??
Father
likes
to
listen
to
music
in
silence.父亲喜欢静静地听音乐。
【必背】可接不定式作宾语的动词有：
口诀助记：
三个希望两答应
hope
wish
want
agree
promise
两个要求莫拒绝
demand
ask
refuse
设法学会做决定
manage
learn
decide
不要假装在选择
pretend
choose
在feel,
find,
make,
think,consider等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语时，人们常
用it作形式宾语，而把真实宾语放在宾语补足语之后。
??
I
found
it
possible
to
work
out
the
problem
without
a
computer.
我发现有可能不用计算机而解出这道题目。
（3）在表示“希望、打算”等动词（如hope,expect,
intend,
mean,
want等）的过去式后，
可接动词不定式的完成式来表示没有实现的动作。
??
I
intended
to
have
called
on
you,
but
was
prevented
from
doing
so.
我原想来拜访你的，但没来成。
【提示】表示“原打算、原以为”还可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达。
??
I
had
expected
to
meet
him
here
last
night.我原以为昨天晚上能在这里见到他的。
2.作介词的宾语
??不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语。
The
teacher
made
no
comments
except
to
tell
him
to
work
hard.老师除了叫他努力学习外，未做任何评价。
3.作形容词的宾语
??不定式作形容词的宾语有两种句型，一个是句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语，另一个是句子的主语是不定式的
逻辑宾语。
??
（1）句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语。这类形容词有able,afraid,
angry,
anxious,
careful,
clever,
content,
cruel,
determined,disappointed,
eager,
foolish,
fortunate,
frightened,
happy,
impatient,
glad,lucky,
naughty,
prepared,
proud,
ready,
slow,
shocked,
sorry,
surprised,willing等。
??I
am
sorry
to
say
that
he
is
going
from
bad
to
worse.??很遗憾，他的情况每况愈下。
（2）句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。
这类形容词有easy,hard,
cheap,expensive,
dangerous,
difficult,
funny,
fit,
impossible,interesting,
nice,
pleasant,
simple,
strange,
useful等。
??This
problem
is
easy
to
solve.这个问题很容易解决。
?【注意】在这种结构中，如果不定式是不及物动词，则必须加上结构或含义所需的介词。
??The
river
is
dangerous
to
swim
in.在这条河里游泳很危险。
（四）动词不定式作宾语补足语
1.在表示感觉的动词后作宾语补足语，并且不定式都不带to。这类动词有：see,hear,
feel,
watch,
notice,
observe,
look
at,
listen
to等。
??I
heard
them
sing
yesterday.昨天我听见他们唱歌了。
【注意】转为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。notice和watch没有被动语态。
??We
saw
the
car
stop.→The
car
was
seen
to
stop.
我们看见这辆车停了下来。
???
2.在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。
??这类动词有：make,let,
have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式（have没有被动语态）。
??有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。
一感：feel
??二听：hear,listen
to
?三让：let,have,make
?四观看：observe,see,watch,look
at
??She
made
him
give
up
smoking.
她让他戒了烟。
3.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：consider,think,
believe,
discover,
find,
imagine,
judge,
suppose,
prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是“to
be+形容词或名词”结构，think,
consider,
find后的tobe常可省略。??We
consider
him
(to
be)
a
good
teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：love,like,
prefer,
hate,
want,
wish,
expect等。
?
?I'd
prefer
you
to
leave
him
alone.我希望你不要打扰他。
5.动词advise,allow,
ask,
beg,
command,
tell,
invite,
force,
oblige,
get,
help,
encourage,persuade,
permit,
remind,request,
order,
warn,
cause等后面，多接不定式短语作宾语补足语。
We
don't
allow
such
things
to
happen
again.????我们不容许这种事情再发生。
【注意】hope,demand,
suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
【必背】这些带介词的短语动词有：
call
on
号召
arrange
for
安排
long
for
盼望
wait
for
等待
depend
on
依靠
rely
on
指望
（五）动词不定式作定语
1.主谓关系
??The
future
to
greet
us
will
be
bright.
我们的未来会十分美好的。
2.动宾关系
??On
Sundays,
he
always
has
a
lot
of
letters
to
write.
星期天，他总是有许多信要写。
【注意】由于动词不定式与其修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系，因此，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。She
has
a
child
to
take
care
of.她有一个孩子要照看。
3.同位关系
??He
broke
his
promise
to
write
to
his
parents
regularly.
他没有遵守诺言定期给他父母亲写信。
4.修饰关系
??Now
it
is
time
to
begin
our
class.
现在是上课的时间了。
动词不定式作状语
1.表示目的
??I'm
saving
up
to
buy
a
computer.我在存钱买电脑。
【注意】有时为了强调或突出这种目的，也可以用in
order
(not)
to
do,和so
as
(not)
to
do结构（so
as
to
do不可以置于句首）。He
shouted
and
waved
in
order
to
be
noticed.为了吸引注意，他又嚷嚷又挥手。
2.表示结果
??He
got
to
the
station
only
to
find
the
train
had
gone.他赶到车站，发现火车已经开走了。
【必背】不定式表示结果常见于下列句型。
（1）so...
as
to
do
??Would
you
be
so
kind
as
to
lend
me
your
bicycle？把你的自行车借给我好吗？
?（2）such...
as
to
do
??We
are
not
such
fools
as
to
believe
him.我们还没蠢到竟会相信他。
（3）enough
to
do
??He
didn't
run
fast
enough
to
catch
the
train.?他跑得不够快,没赶上火车。
?（4）only
to
do
??He
lifted
a
rock
only
to
drop
it
on
his
own
feet.他搬起石头砸自己的脚。
（5）too...
to
do
??His
eyesight
is
too
poor
to
read
such
small
letters.她的视力太差了，不能看这么小的字。
??【注意】too...to...结构中的形容词如果是eager,pleased,
happy,
ready等，动词不定式不表示结果，也没有否定的意思。The
boy
was
too
eager
to
get
a
geography
book.那个男孩非常急切地想要得到一本地理书。
3.表示原因
??I
was
a
fool
not
to
listen
to
you
at
that
time.??我当时不听你的话，真是傻瓜。
4.表示条件
??A
man
would
be
blind
not
to
see
that.一个人如果看不到这点，那他就是瞎子。
四、动词不定式的几种常见结构
（一）不定式的复合结构
（二）be+不定式结构
（三）疑问词+不定式结构
（四）with/without+名词+不定式结构
（五）It
is
+形容词+
for/of
sb
+
to
do结构
（六）分裂不定式?动词不定式to
do通常是不拆开的，但偶尔也可在不定式符号to和动词原形之间插入一个副词，构成分裂不定式。
??
用作独立成分的不定式
【必背】用作独立成分的不定式：
to
tell
you
the
truth说老实话
to
be
frank?
坦率地说
to
begin
with首先
to
be
brief简言之
to
make
a
long
story
short长话短说
to
be
exact精确地说
to
say
nothing
of姑且不说
to
conclude总而言之
to
be
sure诚然，固然
to
do
him
justice说句对他公道的话
so
to
speak可以这么说
（八）用主动式表示被动含义的不定式
（九）表示虚拟语气的不定式完成式
（十）用于感叹句
五、不定式巩固练习
1.Skilled
workers
also
combine
various
hardwoods
and
metal
_______
?(create)
special
designs.
2.Anxiously,
she
took
the
dress
out
of
the
package
and
tried
it
on,
only??_______??(find)
it
didn't
fit.
3.I
was
really
annoyed
_______??(learn)
that
they
started
out
without
me.
4.For
25
days,
she
never
left
her
baby,
not
even
to
find
something
_______?(eat)!
5.It
took
years
of
work
_______?(reduce)
the
industrial
pollution
and
clean
the
water.
6.The
driver
failed??________?(see)
the
other
car
in
time.
7.My
job
is
_________?(clean)
the
room
three
times
a
week.
8.She
used
to
holding
me
on
her
knees
and
sing
old
songs.
(改错题)
9.If
the
answer
to
all
those
questions
is
yes,
you
had
better
_______??(control)
your
stress,
as
you
probably
are
under
more
stress
than
is
good
for
you.?
10.She
feels
relaxed
_______?(finish)
writing
her
thesis
before
the
deadline.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高一英语必修一上册(北师大新改版)
第一讲
Unit1
Life
Choices(1)
作业小测1
单词拼写
______(以前的)
to
this
,
scientific
experiments
did
not
show
a
definite
link
between
mobile
phone
use
and
cancer.
________(质量)matters
more
than
quantity.
A
lot
of
young
people
and
even
many
graduates
_______(志愿)
to
work
in
Tibet.
Now
she
is
planning
a
practical
_________(日程表)
for
our
trip
to
Xinjiang.
A
________(自信的)
man
may
turn
the
trivial(
不重要的)
into
the
great
and
the
mean
into
the
magic.
课文语法填空
The
①______
world
is
a
big
part
of
my
life.
I
②______(use)
the
computer
since
I
was
a
kid.
I
do
a
wide
range
of
things
online.
Besides
③_______
(
do)
all
my
school
work,
I
do
various
things
for
pleasure.
It's
so
④_________
(
convenience)
to
buy
things
online.
My
parents
are
⑤________(
worry)
that
I
may
become
an
“Internet
addict”.
According
to
them,
there
is
a
⑥________(
dangerous)
that
I
may
not
be
able
to
tell
the
good
from
the
bad.
⑦_______
(actual)
,
I'm
a
go-getter.
At
the8
(begin)
of
the
term,
I
set
a
goal
for
every
subject,
I
am
attentive
in
all
classes.
I
like
reading
books
of
all
⑨_________
(
kind).
I
always
make
every
minute
⑩_______(count)
and
get
ahead.
①_______
②_______
③_______
④_______
⑤_______
⑥_______
⑦_______
⑧_______
⑨_______
⑩______
阅读理解
My
husband
and
I
used
to
live
in
the
city.
But
we
often
faced
a
lot
of
problems
there.
There
was
a
lot
of
late-night
noise.
It
was
difficult
to
find
parking.
And
the
rent
of
the
apartment
was
high.
Finally,
my
husband
and
I
decided
to
move
to
the
suburb
outside
Boston.
We
started
looking
for
our
new
home.
It
turned
out
that
many
other
people
were
also
moving
to
the
suburbs
and
it
wasn’t
easy
to
find
a
nice
house
there.
Finally
we
went
to
see
a
small
and
dark
house.
It
needed
a
lot
of
work.
But
it
was
well
built
and
it
was
on
a
street
where
we
could
walk
to
Starbucks,
restaurants
and
bus
stops.
Well,
before
I
knew
it,
we
had
made
an
offer
and
the
house
became
ours.On
our
first
night
in
the
house
I
cried
for
five
hours.I
thought
we
had
made
the
wrong
decision
and
I
wanted
to
go
back
to
the
city—the
house
was
smelly
and
old.
And
many
families
and
old
people
lived
around
it.
But
after
thinking
of
the
problems
we
had
when
we
were
living
in
the
city,
I
calmed
down.Besides,
our
new
home
wasn’t
that
bad,
after
all.I
had
a
driveway
of
my
own.There
were
three
big
bedrooms
and
a
backyard
for
my
dog.
Oh,
how
lovely
the
sound
of
nothing
was.
I
changed
the
house
inch
by
inch
and
it
became
a
very
comfortable
home.
We
have
been
in
our
house
for
over
two
years
until
now
and
it’s
the
best
move
we
have
ever
made.
While
I’m
glad
I
can
drive
into
the
city
in
fifteen
minutes
and
enjoy
all
it
has
offered,
I’m
always
happy
to
return
home.
1.
Why
did
the
writer
and
her
husband
move
to
the
suburb?
(
)
A.
They
found
jobs
there.
B.
They
could
only
afford
a
small
house.
C.
They
dreamed
of
living
in
the
country.
D.
They
no
longer
liked
living
in
the
city.
2.
On
the
first
night
in
the
house，the
writer.
(
)
A.
was
too
excited
B.
felt
scared
living
there
C.
regretted
moving
there
at
first
D.
was
moved
to
tears
by
its
quietness
3.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
in
Paragraph
3
show
about
the
house?
(
)
A.
It
was
lovely.
B.
It
was
really
quiet.
C.
It
had
nothing
in
it.
D.
It
has
beautiful
sound.
七选五
Being
a
good
friend
isn’t
always
easy,
but
taking
the
time
to
develop
a
lasting
friendship
is
worth
the
effort.
As
the
years
pass,
you
will
realize
that
each
friendship
you
keep
is
priceless.
1
To
be
a
good
friend
and
deepen
a
friendship,
just
follow
these
steps.
Keep
your
promises.
Don’t
ever
make
a
promise
that
you
can’t
keep.
If
you
say
you’ll
hang
out
with
a
friend
and
an
unexpected
situation
arises,
explain
the
situation.Give
your
friend
a
gift
and
tell
him
or
her
you
are
sorry.Nobody
is
perfect,
and
it’s
okay
if
you
break
a
promise
once
in
a
blue
moon.
2
Apologize
when
you’ve
made
a
mistake.
3
Though
your
friend
won’t
be
happy
that
you
made
a
mistake,
he
or
she
will
be
very
pleased
that
you
admit
it
instead
of
just
pretending
that
nothing
is
wrong.
4
To
be
truly
supportive,
you
will
have
to
be
able
to
watch
out
for
your
friend
when
he/she
is
having
a
difficult
time.
If
you
sense
that
your
friend
is
getting
into
some
trouble,
help
him
or
her
away
from
the
situation
by
not
being
afraid
to
speak
up
about
it.
Give
your
friend
some
space
when
he
or
she
needs
it.
Part
of
being
supportive
means
supporting
the
fact
that
your
friend
won’t
always
want
to
spend
time
with
you.
Learn
to
step
back
and
give
your
friend
space.
5
Don’t
be
jealous
(嫉妒的)
if
your
friend
has
lots
of
other
friends.
However,
don’t
make
it
a
regular
thing.
Help
your
friend
deal
with
his
or
her
struggles.
Learn
to
forgive
your
friend
and
move
forward.
Of
course,
to
have
a
good
friend,
you
must
be
one.
If
you
want
your
friend
to
believe
in
you,
you
can’t
act
like
you’re
perfect.
Understand
if
your
friend
wants
to
be
alone
or
to
have
a
walk
with
other
people.
Take
the
time
to
truly
understand
your
friend
when
he
or
she
is
talking
to
you.
作业小测2
单词拼写（首字母填空）
1.
There
are
v________
books
for
us
to
choose
from
,
like
history
books
,
science
books
,
literary
books
and
so
on.
2.
Thanks
for
your
attention
and
we
are
looking
forward
to
your
favorable
reply
at
your
most
c_________.
3.
Don't
put
much
p_________on
the
ball,or
it
may
break.
4.
It
is
a
c_________
job
for
me
to
cure
children
of
their
bad
habits.
5.
A
shark
can
smell
blood
at
a
d_________
of
half
a
kilometer.
单句语法填空
The
high
wind
passed
and
the
sea
was
(calm)
again.
(million)
of
people
will
be
affected
by
the
tax
change.
Taiwan,
(separate)
from
the
mainland
by
the
Taiwan
Strait,
is
not
a
separate
country
but
a
part
of
China.
The
plan
will
(explore)
in
more
detail.
After
the
long-distance
(fly),
I
felt
very
tired.
单句改错题
After
the
long
journey,
the
three
of
them
went
back
home,
hungrily.
The
secretary
worked
deep
into
the
night,
prepared
a
long
speech
for
the
president.
The
boy
stands
at
the
door
is
my
cousin.
We
have
dozen
of
things
to
do
now.
He
knew
she
was
crying
because
what
he
had
said.
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