形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 课件35张

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形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
大多数形容词有三个级。
1. 原级:
Structure : as ... as... 像..….一样
e.g. Tim is as tall as Tom.
2. 比较级 (用于两者之间的比较):
Structure：形容词比较级＋ than ...
e.g. This box is bigger than that one.
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
定向导学 目标引领
3. 最高级(用于三者或三者以上的比较):
Structure:
the + 形容词的最高级＋of / in ...
e.g. Tom is the heaviest in our class.
He is the most popular in our school.
规则变化
1) 一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词/副词比较级＋er， 最高级＋est。如:
clever — cleverer — cleverest
few — fewer — fewest
small — smaller — smallest 等。
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
规则变化和不规则变化
自主学习 合作探究
2) 以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st 即可。 如：
nice — nicer — nicest
cute — cuter — cutest
large — larger — largest
3) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est
如: easy — easier — easiest
happy — happier — happiest
再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy 也如此。
4) 重读闭音节，单辅音结尾的，双写这个辅音字母＋er 或 est的词：
① fat — fatter — fattest
② thin — thinner — thinnest
③ hot — hotter — hottest
④ red — redder — reddest
⑤ wet — wetter — wettest
⑥ big — bigger — biggest
5) 多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词
原级前＋more 构成比较级，＋the most 构
成最高级。如：
beautiful － more beautiful － the most beautiful
又如: delicious, popular, important, interesting, expensive, creative
双音节的词如:
careful － more careful － the most careful
useful － more useful － the most useful
少数单音节词也是这样，如：
pleased — more pleased — the most pleased
tired — more tired — the most tired
b) 不规则变化：
good — better — best
well — better — best
bad — worse — worst
many/much — more — most
far — farther —farthest (距离远)
far — further — furthest (程度深)
old — elder — eldest (长幼)
old — older — oldest (年龄)
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基本句型：主语+be动词+形容词的比较级+than+比较对象。前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。如：
I’m quieter and more serious than most kids.我比大多数的孩子更文静，更稳重。
比较级前可以用much, a little, a lot, even, far, still, a bit, any等此修饰，表示程度，不可用very, so, quite 等词修饰。如：
He works still harder than ever.他比以往更加努力学习了。
常用结构
1.比较级+and +比较级，表示越来越·······，其中连接同一个形容词的比较级。当形容词为多音节词或一些双音节词前，用more and more+原级形式。如：
It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。
比较级的用法
2.the+比较级,the+比较级意为“越……就越…。如
The harder you study,the better grades you will have.你学习越努力,成绩就越好。
3.表示“比……大(长、多、宽等)几倍”用“times+比较级+than.”结构。如:
Our classroom is two times larger than yours我们的教室比你们的大两倍。
4.表示“重几斤、高几厘米、大几岁”等,可用“表示数量的词+形容词的比较级+than”。如
Tom is six years older than you.汤姆比你大六岁。
5.“比较级+than any other单数可数名词”表示“比其他任何的……都……”,暗含的意思是“…是…… 之中最……的”,可以换成最高级形式。如:
Li Lei is cleverer than any other student in the class李磊比班里其他任何学生都聪明。
Li Lei is the cleverest student in the class李磊是班上最聪明的学生。
三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。例如：
Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.
He works (the) hardest in his class.
最高级的用法
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1.基本句型
(1)主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of,in短语.如:
She is the youngest of all.她是所有人中最年轻的。
(2)主语+谓语动词(+the)+最高级+of,in短语.如
Linda draws(the) most carefully in her class.琳达是她的班里画得最认真的。
2.常用结构
1）one of the+最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”。如
Lu Xun was one of the greatest writers in China.鲁迅是中国最伟大的作家之一。
2）“最高级+ of/in/among”意为“…之中最…”。如
I think Jack is the best of all the movie stars.在所有的电影明星中,我认为杰克是最好的。
3) This is/was+the+最高级+名词+that引导的定语从句如
This is the worst film that I have ever seer这是我看过的最差的一部电影。
4)当表达“…之一,第几大/小/高/矮…”时,往往用最高级,而不用比较级。基本结构是“the+序数词+最高级+名词单数+in+范围”表示“在……范围内……是第几的”。如:Hainan is the second largest island in China海南岛是中国的第二大岛。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词等修饰时,定冠词the要省略。如:My oldest daughter is6 years old我最大的女儿16岁.
形容词最高级常与由介词in或of引起的表示范围的短语连用。
当介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一事物时,则用of短语;
当只说明是在某一空间,时间或范围内的比较时,则用in短语。
如:This apple is the biggest of all.所有的苹果中,这个苹果最大。
He is the youngest in his class他在他的班里年龄最小。
比较级考点
① 比较级修饰问题
a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。
e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim.
This book is much more interesting than that one.
考点链接 质疑解疑
② 同级比较
e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xi’an.
Our school is bigger than yours.
③ the + 比较级
e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls.
④ “a/an + 比较级” 表示“又一，再一”
e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wants a bigger one.
⑤ 隐性比较（没有than的情况）
e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily
You’d better come earlier next time.
He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term.
⑥ 越来越......
比较级 + and + 比较级
b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子
e.g. It’s getting colder and colder.
The more you exercise, the better you are.
2. 最高级考点
说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the；副词的最高级前省略the。
① 范围问题
e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class.
Spring is the best season of the year.
② “......之一”问题
e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
③ “the + 序数词 + 最高级”
e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.
3. 比较级和最高级的转换
e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class.
= Tom is taller than any other student in the class.
= Tom is taller than all the other students in the class.
= No other students are taller than Tom.
总结：① any other + 名词单数
the other + 名词复数
② 否定 + 比较级 = 最高级
比较级 + 极限 = 最高级
同级比较
① as + adj./adv. + as
e.g. She is as thin as Lily.
He writes as carefully as Linda.
② not + as/so + adj./adv. + as
e.g. Tony didn’t run so fast as Carter.
1. Our family has bought a car so we can travel _____ than before.
most easily B. less easily
C. easily D. more easily
2. My father told me a story last night. It is ____ one I’ve ever heard.
the funniest B. funniest
C. funnier D. the funnier
达标测评 总结评价
D
A
3. The _____ friends you have, the ____ you will be.
A. more, happy B. many, happy
C. more, happier D. many, happier
4. When he heard a cry for help, he ran out as _______ as he could.
hardly B. quickly
C. finally D. slowly
C
B
5. This place is not big enough for Lucy’s birthday party. We should find a _____ one.
big B. small
C. bigger D. smaller
C
6. My brother is _____ more outgoing than me.
A. many B. little C. much
7. October 12th was one of ______ days in 2005. Shenzhou-VI was launched（发射）successfully.
8. exciting B. more exciting
C. the most exciting
9. Which city is _____, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou
A. beautiful B. the most beautiful
C. more beautiful
C
C
B
10. _____ children there are in a family, _____ their life will be.
A. The less, the better B. Fewer, richer
C. The fewer, the better
11. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are ______ than before.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheapest
12. In our city, it’s _____ in July, but it’s even ___ in August.
A. hotter, hottest B. hot, hot C. hot, hotter
A
B
C
13. Jack’s handwriting is as ____ as Mike’s.
good B. better C. best
14. We can do the work better with ____
money and ______ people.
A. little, few B. less, fewer C. fewer, less
15. Jim is the tallest student in our class and
Tom is the second ______ one.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest
A
B
C
用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
1. Jim is very ______. Li Lei is _______ than Jim. (hungry)
2. Kate’s mooncakes are _______ of all. (nice)
3. Your box is ______ than mine. But his is _______ of the three. (heavy)
4. Unit 2 is quite _____. Unit 3 is _____ than Unit 2. It’s __________ in Module 1. (hard)
5. This TV play is _____ than that one. (good)
hungry
hungrier
nicer
heavier
heaviest
hard
harder
the hardest
better
6. My mother is very ______. She is _______ in my family. (busy)
7. Lingling gets to school ______ than the others. (early)
8. She speaks English _____ in our class. (well)
9. Lucy jumped quite _____. (far)
10. I think English is as _________ as Chinese. (important)
11. This picture is _______________ of the four. (beautiful)
12. Lucy did _____ than Lily. (bad)
busy
busiest
earlier
best
far
important
the most beautiful
worse
Thank you for listening !