仁爱版英语九年级上册 重点句型 Unit 2 Topic 3 What can we do to protect the environment 导学案-（含答案）

初中英语 重点句型（Unit 2 Saving the earth - Topic 3 What can we do at home to protect the environment? ）
1. 学习句型，理解句型的含义；
2. 正确地运用句型，并能灵活地用于作文中；
3. 复习or，but，while，and连接的并列句。
重点：
1. First, you ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room.
2. It’s so easy to be a greener person.
3. They plant different types of trees so that birds and animals can live in the forests.
4. Some things we have done are good for the earth while some are bad.
难点：区分or，but，while，and连接的并列句。
考点精讲：
【课文朗读】
Section A
(A journalist is interviewing Jane about environmental protection.)
Journalist: Hi, Jane. Could I ask you a few questions?
Jane: Certainly.
Journalist: We all know that you’re working for an organization that protects the environment. Can you tell us what you are doing there?
Jane: Well, my main job is to help spread the message about protecting the environment. For example, the three R’s — reduce, reuse and recycle — are important.
Journalist: So what can we do at home to protect the environment?
Jane: We should reduce the waste we produce. For example, we should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic bags.
Journalist: What can students do at school?
Jane: Recycling can protect the environment, and it can save money, too. So we encourage students to collect waste paper and soft drink cans. Then we sort them so that they can be recycled.
Journalist: Wonderful ideas! Thank you!
Jane: It’s a pleasure.
Section B
Jane: Hi, Michael. Would you like to be a greener person?
Michael: Of course, I’d love to. But what should l do?
Jane: First, you ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room.
Michael: Oh, that’s easy. What’s next?
Jane: Second, you’d better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance.
Michael: That’s right. It will save energy and reduce air pollution.
Jane: Third, take a cloth bag when you go shopping. Don’t use plastic bags.
Michael: It’s so easy to be a greener person.
Jane: Easier said than done.
Michael: Well, actions speak louder than words.

Section C
In many countries, people produce power from coal, but it is very dirty and causes acid rain. Some countries use nuclear energy to produce power. However, nuclear power can be very dangerous. To solve the energy problem, people all over the world are looking for new ways to produce power.
China is one of the first countries in the world to use biogas technology. Farmers recycle straw, grass and animal waste to make biogas. This renewable energy is used in people’s everyday lives. Its key disadvantage is that the process requires a long time (up to 30 days) and the cost is high
Electric vehicles were developed in the 1990s. On April 11, 2010, a new kind of electric vehicle named “Yezi” was shown in the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. It produces electricity from the sun, the wind and C02. It can not only protect the environment but also save energy. It’s too small to hold many people, but larger models will be developed in the near future.
In China, the best-known maglev train is the German-built one in Shanghai. It takes people just 7 minutes to go to the airport 30 km away. The train can reach a top speed of 431 km per hour. It is quiet and quick. There is no wheel noise, because there are no wheels. Maglev trains are very energy-efficient and do not pollute the air. However, maglev guide paths are much more expensive than traditional steel railways.
【句型精析】
1. First, you ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room. 首先，你离开房间时应该关闭电源。
shut off（机器）停止工作，关掉（机器）；切断（水、煤气或电）。
How do I shut off this car alarm? 这个汽车警报器怎么关？
Go and shut the tap off. 去把水龙头关上。
turn on打开（设备、水、煤气或电）。如：
Turn on the light. It’s dark inside. 里面很黑，把灯打开。
turn off关上（设备、水、煤气或电）。如：
Turn off the light when you go out. 外出时把灯关掉。
_________ the electricity to save energy when nobody is in the room.
A. Shut off B. Take off C. Put away D. Turn on
答案：A
思路分析：shut off意为“切断（电源，水或煤气）”，故选A。
2. It’s so easy to be a greener person. 成为一名环保者真容易。
“It + be + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ 动词不定式”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”。句中it作形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语作真正的主语。若要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在动词不定式前加of或for引出逻辑主语，当表语是与事物的特征有关的形容词时，如easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary等，在不定式前加for引出逻辑主语。但如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, , polite, rude, clever, foolish, careful, careless等描述人的性格、品质的形容词时，则应在不定式前加of引出逻辑主语。
It’s very kind of you to do that. 你那样做真好。
It’s necessary for the students to do eye exercises twice a day.
对学生来说一天做两次眼保健操是有必要的。
在中考中，重点考查动词不定式作主语的常用句型。
（1）It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“某人花费多少时间做某事”或“做某事花费某人多少时间”。如：
It takes him half an hour to do his homework every day.
他每天花费半个小时做他的家庭作业。
（2）It + be + 名词+动词不定式。如：
It was great fun to have a party there. 在那里举行聚会很有意思。
It was a great pleasure to work with you. 和你们一起工作非常愉快。
—I often have hamburgers for lunch.
—You’d better not. It’s bad for you _________ too much junk food.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate
答案：B
思路分析：本题考查句型“It + be + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ 动词不定式”，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”。句中it作形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语作真正的主语，故选B。
3. They plant different types of trees so that birds and animals can live in the forests. 他们种植了不同种类的树，为的是小鸟和动物们能够居住在森林里。
so that意为“以便，为的是”，引导目的状语从句，同义词组有：in order to 和in order that。
I got up very early this morning so that I could catch the early bus.
我今天早上起得非常早，以便能赶上早班车。
在中考中，重点考查so that引导目的状语从句时的用法，以及与in order to和in order that用法的不同。
so that, in order that后跟目的状语从句，两者可以相互替换； in order to后跟动词原形。如：
I often eat many vegetables and a little meat so that / in order that I will be more healthy.
我常常多吃蔬菜少吃肉，以便我能更健康。
I’ll keep the box in the room in order that / so that the sun doesn’t burn the plants.
我将把箱子放在房间里，以免太阳晒坏幼苗。
She arrived early in order to get a good seat.
她早早到场，以便找个好座位。
The boy would like a bike __________ he can go to school by bike.
A. because B. so that C. when D. if
答案：B
思路分析：本题重点考查so that引导目的状语从句，根据句意“那个男孩子想要一辆自行车以便他能骑自行车去上学。
4. Some things we have done are good for the earth while some are bad. 我们所做的一些事情对地球有益，然而一些有害。
含有两个或者两个以上独立的简单句的句子，叫做并列句。通常由and，but，while，or，so等连词来连接。如果表示并列关系、动作先后关系，常用and连接。
After lunch my aunt came in and she looked worried.
午饭后我姑姑进来了，她看起来很着急。（表并列关系）
I finished my homework and I went to bed.
我写完作业，就上床睡觉了。（表示动作的先后顺序）
在中考中，and，but，while，or，so等连词的用法和区别是常见考点。
(1) 表示转折关系，常用连词but，while等。如：
He is very old but he is in good health.
虽然他年纪很大了，但他身体很好。
Tom was rich while his brother was very poor.
汤姆非常富有，然而他的哥哥非常穷。
(2) 表示选择关系，常用连词or , either...or..等。
He came by bus, or he came by taxi. 他乘汽车来的，或者他乘出租车来的。
Either you tell the truth, or you say nothing. 你要么说实话，要么什么也别说。
(3) 表示因果关系，常用so，for连接。如：
The coat was very expensive, so I didn’t buy it． 那件上衣很贵，所以我没买。
It is very cold today, for it snows. 今天很冷，因为下雪了。
Sam is a waiter, _________ he really wants to be a singer.
A. or B. if C. but D. because
答案：C
思路分析：考查连词的用法。句意为：Sam是一个服务生，但是他真的想成为一名歌手。根据句意可知，两句是转折关系，应用连词but，故选C。
同步练习：

（答题时间：20分钟）
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( ) 1. —What _______ I to say to him?
—Tell him to save water.
A. shall B. will C. should D. ought
( ) 2. He is tall, _______ his son is short.
A. when B. or C. while D. and
( ) 3. In our life, we may fail many times, but we should never_______.
A. shut off B. give up C. take away D. run out
( ) 4. She bought a skate board online _______ she saved a lot of time.
A. so that B. as soon as C. such that D. no matter
( ) 5. Every student is _________ to obey the school rules.
A. suppose B. supposed C. should D. ought
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
At present, too much carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) makes the earth warmer and warmer and causes terrible effect to human beings. To save our planet, to save ourselves, a new lifestyle called low-carbon life(低碳生活) becomes popular. Low carbon means low energy and no waste. It is necessary for everybody to learn to live a low-carbon life.
To live a low-carbon life, we’d better save energy as possible. Turn off the lights and TV whenever they are not needed. If possible, use cold water to wash clothes or dishes. Take a short shower and try to take a cold one when the weather gets warm. Don’t do the cooking with electricity.
To live a low-carbon life, we should eat less meat. Everybody knows eating too much meat makes people fat and easy to have heart disease, but maybe you don’t know keeping animals for food produces even more carbon dioxide than all the cars in the world, and being a vegetarian can help reduce one and a half tons of carbon dioxide a year. Maybe it is a little difficult, but it’s really necessary.
To live a low-carbon life, we are supposed to do less shopping. When we go shopping, we may drive a car or take other transportations. On the one hand, these machines pollute the air and waste energy. On the other hand, most of us always buy some useless things because of some advertisements. It is not only a waste of money but also causes trouble to the earth, because as you know, making everything will produce carbon dioxide more or less.
There are many other ways to live low-carbon life, such as recycling things, planting trees and reusing textbooks. If we can keep it a habit in our daily life, the earth will become a safer planet for us to live on.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
( ) 1. ________ makes the weather on the earth get warmer.
A. Little rubbish B. A waste of money
C. Too much carbon dioxide D. A waste of water
( ) 2. We can _________ to save energy in our daily life.
A. use less electricity B. go to sleep with lights on
C. wash clothes with hot water D. drive car to work
( ) 3. The underlined word “it” in the third paragraph means _________.
A. eating less meat B. having heart disease
C. keeping animals for food D. eating less vegetables
( ) 4.We should do less shopping because _________.
A. wasting money causes trouble to people
B. the advertisements are sometimes misleading
C. the less you shop, the less carbon dioxide will be produced
D. some of the things you bought are useless
( ) 5. If everybody lives a low-carbon life, _________.
A. we will waste more energy
B. there will be less carbon dioxide
C. the earth will become a dangerous place to live on
D. there will be more carbon dioxide
Ⅲ. 书面表达
目前，环境污染越来越严重，请你根据以下要点以“How to Protect Our Environment”为题写一篇短文。
内容要点：
1. 环境污染日趋严重，白色污染随处可见。
2. 最近几年来在中国许多地区出现了雾霾天气(hazy weather)。
3. 建议大家尽量不要自己开车，而是坐公交车或地铁外出。阻止工厂把废弃物排入河中，减少水污染。
4. 我们不应该使用一次性（disposable）盘子，碗。
5. 我们应该……
注意：
1. 文章必须包括所给内容要点，要求语句通顺，意思连贯。
2. 第五要点需用2到3句话做适当发挥。
3. 词数80左右。
How to Protect Our Environment
答案：
Ⅰ.
1. D 解析：考查情态动词ought to，意为“应该，应当”，无人称、数和时态变化，后接动词原形。ought to的疑问句形式是把ought提前，故选D。
2. C 解析：考查并列句，本句表示转折关系，while有“而”的意思，故选C。
3. B 解析：shut off意为“关掉”；give up意为“放弃”；take away意为“拿走”；run out意为“用尽”。根据句意可知，应用give up，故选B。
4. A 解析：so that 引导目的状语从句，故选A。
5. B be supposed to意为“应该，理应”，同should同义，但形式不同。ought to是情态动词, 后接动词原形，故选B。
Ⅱ.
1. C 解析：由第一段第一句：At present, too much carbon dioxide makes the earth warmer and warmer and causes terrible effect to human beings.可知，太多的二氧化碳让地球变暖，故选C。
2. A 解析：由第二段可知，在我们的日常生活中节约能源的方式有许多种，A项是少用电，符合题意，故选A。
3. A 解析：由第三段可知，it指代eating less meat意为“少吃肉”，故选A。
4. C 解析：由第四段可知，我们应该少购物，因为我们去购物就要乘坐交通工具。另外，少购物还能节约钱，故选C。
5. B 解析：如果人人都能低碳生活，二氧化碳的排放量就会减少，就有利于环保，故选B。
Ⅲ.
One possible version:
How to Protect Our Environment
The environment pollution is becoming more and more serious. We can see white pollution everywhere. There has been hazy weather in many parts of China in recent years. I suggest that we should try to take a bus or an underground instead of driving by ourselves. We should prevent factories from dumping the waste into rivers to reduce water pollution. We shouldn’t use disposable plates, bowls and so on. We should plant more trees and grow grass to prevent it. We should also prevent people from cutting down too many trees. If we try our best, the environment will be better and better.