仁爱版英语九年级上册 重点句型Unit 2 Topic 2 All these problems are very serious.导学案（含答案）

初中英语 重点句型（Unit 2 Saving the Earth - Topic 2 All these problems are very serious.）
1. 学习句型，理解句型的含义；
2. 正确地运用句型，并能灵活地用于作文中；
3. 能区别并正确使用不定代词、副词。
重点：
1. Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
2. Worst of all, some of them are quite rude…
3. Some things we have done are very good for the earth while others are bad.
4. While nearly 3/4 of the earth is covered with water, we are still short of drinking water.
5. We should do everything we can to protect the environment.
难点：区别以及正确使用不定代词、副词。
考点精讲：
【课文朗读】
Section A
(Kangkang Maria and Jane are talking in a room. The wind outside is blowing strongly. )
Kangkang: What bad weather! The wind is so strong! And the sand really hurt my face. While I was walking down the street just now, I couldn’t see anything.
Maria: I’m sorry to hear that. What causes these sandstorms?
Jane: People have cut down too many trees. As a result, a lot of rich land has changed into desert.
Aria: That’s bad. How can that affect the weather?
Jane: Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
Kangkang: And a lot of water can be saved by forests.
Jane: They can also stop the water from washing the earth away.
Kangkang: Cutting down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and plants. Although we have built “The Green Great Wall”, we still need to do something to protect the environment.
Section B
Michael: Kangkang, read this article.
Kangkang: What’s it about?
Michael: It’s about air pollution in China. It says that China has become the world’s largest producer and user of coal. As a result, air pollution has become a serious problem.
Kangkang: Yeah. But the government is doing something useful to protect the environment.
Michael: That’s great. None of us likes pollution.
Kangkang: Yes. We shouldn’t leave rubbish here and there. Don’t spit anywhere in public. Don’t walk on grass or pick flowers. Everyone should care for wild animals and plant more trees.
Michael: That’s right. We should do everything we can to protect the environment.
Section C
The earth is 4.6 billion years old. We humans have lived on the earth for only 35 000 years, but during this period, we have changed our planet a lot in many ways. Some things we have done are very good for the earth while others are bad.
All over the world, people have cut down millions of trees. When it rains or when the wind blows, the earth is taken away. Forests have become deserts, so many kinds of animals and plants are disappearing.
In big cities, cars and buses have polluted the air. Now many people in cities have health problems.
Factories have also polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
Around the earth, there’s a special kind of oxygen called “ozone”(03). It is important to the earth. But now air pollution is destroying it and making a very big hole in the ozone layer. Too much harmful radiation from the sun passes through the hole and reaches the earth directly. This is very dangerous because this kind of radiation can cause cancer.
Carbon dioxide (C02) in the air has increased a lot. It mainly comes from burning oil, coal and wood. This has formed a blanket around the earth. The heat from the sun can’t escape so the temperature is rising. This is called “the greenhouse effect”. It causes the level of the oceans to rise and the climate of the earth to change.
All these problems are very serious, so we must do something now.
【句型精析】
1. Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. 树木可以防止风吹走尘土。
(1) blow away是动副词组，意为“吹走”，名词可以放在blow away的后面或中间，代词必须放在blow和away的中间。如：
A strong wind blew away Mr. Green’s sheep nearly. 一场大风险些把格林先生的羊吹走。
(2) stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”， 相当于keep / prevent … from doing sth. 如：
The trees can stop the wind from blowing away the earth. 树能阻止大风吹走泥土。
词组blow away和stop …from doing sth.的用法在中考中是常考点。
blow into意为“吹进”如：
Don’t blow into the plastic bag. 不要往塑料袋里吹气。
根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
刚才一股强风把吉姆的帽子吹走了。
A strong wind ________ ________ Jim’s hat just now.
答案：blew away
思路分析：blow away意为“吹走”，和just now连用，应该用一般过去时，因此填blew away。
We should _________ people _________ throwing litters about.
A. protect; from B. protect; for C. stop; for D. stop; from
答案：D
思路分析：本题考查词组stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，根据句意“我们应该阻止人们乱扔垃圾。”故选D。
2. Worst of all, some of them are quite rude…最糟糕的是，他们中有些人很粗鲁……
worst 意为“最差的，最糟的”，是bad的最高级，worst of all“最糟的是”，用来引出最坏的事情。
It was the worst winter for 50 years. 这是50年来最糟的一个冬天。
Worst of all，I lost my package. 最糟的是，我把包裹丢了。
形容词bad的最高级worst和词组worst of all的用法在中考中是常考点。
what’s worse 意为“更糟糕的是”，表示两种并列的坏的情况，且后面一个更严重。如：
It began to rain suddenly, what was worse, we _didn???t_ take any umbrella. 天突然开始下雨了，更糟糕的是，我们没有带雨伞。
Of all the students, Joan’s homework is the _________. Her teacher is very angry.
A. better B. best C. worse D. worst
答案：D
思路分析：三者及以上比较应用最高级。由“她的老师很生气”可知“琼的作业是最差的”。故选D。
3. Some things we have done are very good for the earth while others are bad.我们所做的事情一些对地球有益，然而另一些却对地球有负面影响。
while这里用作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对照关系。
Her sister likes reading while she likes singing. 她妹妹喜欢看书，而她喜欢唱歌。
They all went out while she stayed at home. 他们都出去了，她却留在家里。
while作并列连词和从属连词的用法在中考中是常考点。
(1) while还可用作从属连词，意为“在……时”，常用来引导含有延续性动词的时间状语从句，表示一个动作在进行的同时，另一个动作也在发生。如：
While l was doing my homework，my mother was cooking. 我做作业时，妈妈正在做饭。
(2) while还可用作名词，意为“一会儿，一段时间”。如：
We are going away for a while. 我们将离开一会儿。
Tom is very good at science _________ his brother Jimmy knows nothing about it.
A. if B. when C. while D. because
答案：C
思路分析：此处while用作连词表示对比，意为“然而”，故选C。
4. While nearly 3/4 of the earth is covered with water, we are still short of drinking water.
虽然地球表面近四分之三被水覆盖，我们仍旧缺乏饮用水。
(1) nearly 是副词，意为“几乎，将近”。如：
The bus was nearly full. 公交车几乎满座了。
It took nearly two hours to get there. 花了近两个小时才到那里。
(2) be covered with被……覆盖。如：
The ground is covered with snow. 地面上覆盖着积雪。
词组be covered with在中考中是常考点。
(1) cover…with… 用……覆盖…… 如：
They covered the boy with a blanket. 他们给男孩盖上一条毛毯。
(2) from cover to cover 从头到尾 如：
He always reads newspaper from cover to cover. 他总是把报纸从头到尾阅读一遍。
After a heavy snow, the whole mountain _________white snow.
A. is short of B. is full of C. is covered with D. is filled with
答案：C
思路分析：be covered with意为“被……覆盖”，符合语境，故选C。
5. We should do everything we can to protect the environment.我们应该尽一切努力保护环境。
(1) everything是不定代词，意为“每件事物，一切”，不特指哪一件事物。everything作主语时，谓语用单数。如：
Everything goes well. 一切安好。／一切顺利。
(2) 修饰 everything的定语从句we can后省略了谓语动词do。
不指明替代任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。大多数不定代词在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。
(1) 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Something is wrong with the computer. 电脑坏了。
(2) 形容词修饰不定代词时应该放在不定代词之后。如：
There is something delicious on the table. 桌子上有好吃的。
(3) some-/any-复合不定代词的用法与some/any用法基本一致。肯定句以及期待对方肯定回答的疑问句中通常用some-；否定句和疑问句中通常用any-。如：
Would you like something to eat? 你要点儿吃的东西吗？
I don’t know anything about it. 我什么也不知道。
I heard somebody singing in the classroom. 我听见教室里有人在唱歌。
some, any, no和every还可以与where连用，构成表示地点的副词，即：somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere。其用法与some/any用法基本一致。如：
I’ve seen him somewhere before. 我以前在哪儿见过他。
There was nowhere for me to sit．我无处可坐。
—Mum, I’ve got __________ important to tell you.
—What’s up?
A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything
答案：C
思路分析：考查不定代词辨析。everything意为“所有事物，一切”；nothing意为“没有什么”；anything意为“任何事物”，通常用于疑问句和否定句；something意为“一些事物”，通常用于肯定句。句意为：妈妈，我有些重要的事情要告诉你，故选C。
同步练习：

（答题时间：20分钟）
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1.—Would you like to have ___________?
—No, thank you. I’ve had enough.
A. anything more B. something more
C. more anything D. more something
2. The Green Great Wall can stop the wind _________ blowing the earth away.
A. to B. from C. of D. with
3. This washing machine is very difficult to use. _________ can learn to use it in a very short time.
A. Somebody B. Anyone C. Nobody D. Everyone
4. —Hi, Bob! I can’t find my story book. Have you seen it?
—Sorry, I haven’t. Why not ask Jim? Perhaps he’s seen it ___________.
A. anywhere B. everywhere C. nowhere D. somewhere
5. —Which of the two subjects do you like, art or music?
—_________, they are really interesting.
A. Neither B. Both C. None D. All
6. —What happened to the students?
—The heavy rain ________ them _______ getting to school on time.
A. stopped; from B. protected; from C. kept; from D. both A and C
7. —What can you see if I _________ your eyes with hands?
—Ha! Ha! I can’t see anything.
A. open B. turn C. point D. cover
8. At present, children mean __________ to most parents in China.
A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something．
9. The park is full of people on Sunday. You can find ________ to have a rest.
A. somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere
10. —Is there ________ in today’s newspaper?
—Nothing at all.
A. anything interesting B. interesting anything
C. something important D. important something
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
·Plant flowers, grass or trees.
·Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.
·Turn off the lights and TV sets when you leave the room. This can save a lot of electricity.
·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
·Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in.
·Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.
·Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
·Use both sides of paper.
·Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.
·Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth.
You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
1. From the above, we know that this is ___________.
A. a sign B. a proposal (倡议书)
C. an advertisement D. a notice
2. The writer tells us ___________.
A. to throw rubbish into a dustbin
B. to pour dirty water into the rivers
C. to save water by not letting it run while brushing our teeth
D. that we can’t do all these things until Earth Day
3. We can ___________ to save paper.
A. use a paper cup
B. use both sides of paper
C. give old books to a library
D. pick up waste paper at a school
4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the writer?
A. Turn off the lights when you leave the room.
B. Close the doors and windows in winter.
C. Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth.
D. Give your old clothes to the poor children.
5. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Protect the Earth B. Save Water and Electricity
C. Make Better Use of Old Things D. Save Money
Ⅲ. 书面表达
为了生活得更舒适、便捷，人类在不断开发利用资源，研发高科技产品。与此同时，我们的生存环境也会受到影响。为了建设资源节约型、环境友好型城市，政府提出了Creating beautiful environment, building pleasant homes的理念。请以此为题，根据自己的亲身感受或所见所闻，表达自己的看法。词数80左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Creating Beautiful Environment, Building Pleasant Homes
With the help of high technology，life is getting more and more comfortable and convenient.
答案：
Ⅰ. 1. B 解析：考查不定代词。不定代词的定语要后置，本句是用来表达邀请的，所以不定代词用something, 而不用anything，故选B。
2. B 解析：考查固定短语stop...from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”，故选B。
3. C 解析：anyone表示“任何人”；somebody意为“某个人”；nobody意为“没有人”；everyone意为“每个人”。故选C项。
4. D 解析：somewhere表示“在某处”；anywhere表示“在任何一个地方，在某处”；everywhere用于陈述句中表示“各处，到处”；nowhere表示“无处，任何地方都不”。故选D。
5. B 解析：neither意为“两者都不”，谓语动词用单数；both意为“两者都”谓语动词用复数；all意为“三者以上都”，谓语动词用复数；none意为“三者以上任何一个都不”，谓语动词用单数，根据问句中的two可知指两者，又根据答句中的后半句可知表肯定，故选B。
6. D 解析：本题考查词组stop / keep sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，故选D。
7. D 解析：本题重点考查词组cover…with… 用……覆盖……，句意“如果我用手盖住你的眼睛，你能看到什么？”故选D。
8. A 解析：考查不定代词辨析。everything意为“所有事物，一切”；nothing意为“没有什么”anything意为“任何事物”；something意为“一些事物”。句意为：目前在中国，孩子对于大多数父母来说意味着一切，故选A。
9. D 解析：根据同意“星期天公园里有很多人”可知后一句指没有地方休息。nowhere意为“没有地方”, 故选D。
10. A 解析：形容词须放在不定代词后面；疑问句、否定句中用anything，故选A。
Ⅱ. 1. B 解析：本文介绍了几种生活中常见的保护环境的方法。倡议如何保护环境，故选B。sign标记；advertisement 广告；notice 通知。
2. A 解析：短文告诉我们“Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.” B项错误；由“You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things.”可知D项错误，C项文中没有提及。由文中第四行可知，作者叫我们把垃圾扔到垃圾箱内，故选A。
3. B 解析：我们能通过怎样的方式来节约用纸，A项与短文第五段不符；C、D本身没错，但并不是节约用纸的办法，故选B。
4. C 解析：由短文第五段可知C项是错误的，故选C。
5. A 解析：综观全文，短文主要讲如何保护环境和地球，故选A。
Ⅲ.
One possible version:
Creating Beautiful Environment, Building Pleasant Homes
With the help of high technology，life is getting more and more comfortable and convenient. Most families have refrigerators, computers, mobile phones, cars and so on. We can eat all kinds of fresh fruit and vegetables all year round.
However, at the same time, green land has become less and more pollution has been caused.
As students, we really need to do something, such as going to school on foot, by bicycle or by bus instead of by car. We should save water and energy at anytime and anywhere. We should urge more people to recycle waste paper, bottles，batteries and many other things.
If everyone does a bit, our homes will become more pleasant and beautiful.