(共32张PPT)
(I)规则动词的过去式变化规则
（1）一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如：worked played wanted acted
（2）以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如：lived moved decided hoped
（3）以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：studied tried copied just
（4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如：stopped dropped planned dotted dripped
Past simple tense
基本结构
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音：
1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。如：asked, helped, watched, stopped
2. 在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called
3. 在t / d后读作[id]。如：wanted, needed
Past simple tense
基本结构
(II)不规则动词的过去式
不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。
1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat
2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
Past simple tense
基本结构
4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew
5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt
6. 含有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。如：sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
Past simple tense
基本结构
(III)Be动词的过去式
（1）am---was
（2）are---were
（3）is---was
Past simple tense
基本结构
Past simple tense
基本句式
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语+实义动词过去式+…… He smoked many cigarettes a day
否定句 主语+didn’t+原形实义动词+…… I didn't know you were so busy.
一 般
疑问句 Did+主语+原形实义动词+…… Did you have a party the other day？
特 殊
疑问句 疑问词+did+主语+原形实义动词+…… When did you have your lunch
Past simple tense
基本句式
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语+was /were +…… I was late yesterday.
否定句 主语+wasn’t/ weren’t +…… We weren't late yesterday.
一 般
疑问句 Was/Were+主语+…… Were you ill yesterday
特 殊
疑问句 疑问词+was/were+主语+…… When were you born
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, 等。上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。
I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我们去了天龙山。
Past simple tense
基本用法
2.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与always，never等连用。
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.
彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。
（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。）
比较
Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.
彼得太太老是带着伞。
（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）
Past simple tense
基本用法
3 表示过去连续发生的一连串动作。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.
那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。
Past simple tense
基本用法
4.有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际内涵意思表明是过去发生的动作或存在的状态。（这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！）
I didn''t know you were in Paris.
我不知道你在巴黎。
I thought you were ill.
我以为你病了呢。
Past simple tense
基本用法
5. 在某些特殊句式或结构中，用一般过去时，并不都是表示“过去时”，它表示某种感彩。
It is time you went to bed. (你早该睡觉了)
I would rather you came tomorrow. (我宁愿你明天来。)
Could you lend me your bike (你能把自行车借我用一下吗？)
Past simple tense
基本用法
过去进行时是由“be动词的过去式was/were＋现在分词”构成。
Past continuous tense
基本结构
基本句式
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语+was/ were +现在分词…… I was helping my mother in the kitchen all day
否定句 主语+wasn’t/ weren’t +现在分词…… I wasn’t repairing the bike at that time.
一 般
疑问句 Was/Were+主语+现在分词…… Were you talking to the head teacher ？
特 殊
疑问句 疑问词+ was/ were +主语+现分词…… Who were you writing to
Past continuous tense
1.过去进行时表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如： I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。 They were expecting you yesterday.
他们昨天一直在等待。
基本用法
Past continuous tense
2. 过去进行时可与soon, the next moment, in minutes, minutes later等时间状语连用，表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。如： Soon the whole town was talking about it.
不久镇上的人就都谈论起这种事了。
基本用法
Past continuous tense
3过去进行时可用来为一个后一系列动作的发生提供背景。如： I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike.
我在骑车时把腿摔坏了。
基本用法
Past continuous tense
1.过去一般时表示的是过去经常发生的动作或状态。而过去进行时表示的是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。因此，它们在使用的时间词语上有着比较明显的区别。那就是，一般过去时所指的过去时间却比较笼统，而过去进行时所指的过去时间则比较具体，并含有“当时正在做某事”的意思。
She joined the League three years ago. Mary was cooking at this time yesterday.
比较
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
2.过去一般时表示的某个动作已经完成，而过去进行时则不一定完成。一般过去式常表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，强调的是动作的发生、结束或完成。过去进行时表示某一时刻或过去某一段时间正在进行的动作,强调的是动作的持续性。
I first met Lisa three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.
比较
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
3、过去进行时可用来描绘事情发生的背景。即：过去某时A动作正在进行，B动作在A动作进行的过程中发生了，A动作就是B动作发生的背景。如：
It was a dark night.The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily.A stranger came out from behind a street.
比较
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时： 1.表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。如： Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week.
汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。
比较
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
2.与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感彩时。如： John was always coming to school late.
约翰上学总是迟到。 Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people.
雷锋总是为人民做好事。
比较
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
3.用来描写故事发生的情景时。如： It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.
那是一个漆黑的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大，一个解放军战士突然出现在河岸上，他想过河去。
比较
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him.
我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain.
我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。
比较
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
5.go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如： I was leaving for Wuhan that day.
那天我正要去武汉。 She was coming later.
她随后就来。
比较
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
1. (07北京）
──It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.
──Oh, don’t mention it. I ___ past your house anyway.
was coming B. will come
C. had come D. have come
2. (06安徽) I _____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident
A．went; was occurring B．went; occurred
C．was going; occurred D．was going; had occurred
练习
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
3. (06北京) — Where did you put the car keys
── Oh, I ______ I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I ______ in.
A. remembered; come B. remembered; was coming
C. remember; come D. remember; was coming
4.(07四川) —Did you see a man in black pass by just now
──No, sir. I ____ a newspaper.
A. read B. was reading C. would read D. am reading
练习
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
5. (08安徽) -----Did you watch the basketball match yesterday
──Yes, I did. You know, my brother ________ in the match.
is playing B. was playing
C. has played D. had played
6. (08四川) The telephone _______, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.
had rung B. was ringing
C. rings D. has rung
练习
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
5. (08安徽) -----Did you watch the basketball match yesterday
──Yes, I did. You know, my brother ________ in the match.
is playing B. was playing
C. has played D. had played
6. (08四川) The telephone _______, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.
had rung B. was ringing
C. rings D. has rung
练习
Present simple tense & Past continuous tense
7. It is said that the early European playing-cards ____ for entertainment and education.
A. were being designed B. have designed
C. have been designed D. were designed
8. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ________ there several years ago.
are going B. had been
C. went D. have been
练习
Present simple tense & Past continuous tenseLesson1《Modern Heroes》
预习与检测
根据课文内容翻译以下短语：
1.第一架载人宇宙飞船_______（the first manned spaceship ）
2.发射，升空__________（lift off）
3.和……分离_______ （separate…from）
4.因为________ （because of ）
5.21小时的太空飞行______（the 21-hour space flight）
6.第六次________ （for the sixth time ）
7.做第七次环行________ （do the seventh circle）
8.回到地球大气层_____ （return into the earth's atmosphere）
9.安全着陆________ （ land safely ）
10.朝等待他的人群招手______ （wave to the crowds waiting for him）
知识探究
一.重点单词
1．separate vt．使分开，使脱离，使分裂，使隔离
Theory shouldn't be separated from practice.
理论不应该脱离实际。
England is separated from France by the English Channel.
英国和法国被英吉利海峡隔开。
vi.分开，分手，分离，脱离
We didn't separate till 8 o'clock.
我们到8点才分手。
adj．分开的，分离的，个别的，独立的
This is a separated group.
这是一个独立的团体。
We will go on separate holidays.
我们将分别去度假。
拓展：
(1)separate A from B 把A 和B 分离/分开
(2) A and B be separated by C A和B被C分开
separate和divide比较
divide是将一个整体分成若干部分；separate是把相互连接，相互混杂或相互靠近的事物分离开。
Let's divide you into three groups.
让我们你们分成三组。
Please separate the good apples from the bad ones.
请把好苹果和坏苹果分开。
运用：选择填空
(1) As we joined the crowed, I got ____from my parents.
A.spared B.lost C.separated D.missed
答案： C get/be separated from 意为“被分开”。
(2)Taiwan, _____ from the mainland by the Taiwan Strait, is not a ___ country but part of China.
A. separated; separate B. separate; separated
C. separated; separated D. separate; separate
答案： A get/be separated from 意为“被分开”。它作定语或状语用过去分词。后separate是形容词
2．complete v.
(1)完成
He completed his homework last night.
他在昨天晚上把家庭作业完成了。
(2)使完备，使完整
One more volume will complete my set of Lu Xun.
我只差一本书就可以有全套鲁迅作品。
拓展： complete adj．
(1)完全的，全部的，完整的
Is this a complete novel
这是一个完整的小说吗
Give me a complete set of Dickens' novels.
给我一套狄更斯全集。
(2)（作表语）完成的，结束的
When will the work be complete
这项工作什么时候完成
(3)（作定语）彻底的，完完全全的
That result was a complete surprise to me.
那个结果对我来说是完全意外
complete和finish比较
complete比较正式，强调“结构或布局的完整性”，常常指工程或事业方面。
finish 普通用语，强调“过程或步骤的完整性”，常常指工作或事务方面。
finish后可接动名词作“结束”解，而complete则不能。
finish往往指消极性的“完成”，complete则指积极性的“完成”。
运用：选择填空
(1)I need one more novel before my collection of Dicken's novels_____.
A.is completed B.has completed C.completes D.had completed
答案： A 考查“主将从现”和被动语态。
(2)When ____, the place will be open to the public next year.
A. to be completed B. being completed C. completed D. complete
答案： C 完整的句子是 When it is completed,考查“主将从现”和状语从句的省略。
状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致且含有 be 动词，可以将从句的主语和 be 动词省略，自然构成分词作状语。
3．wave vi．（挥手）示意，致意；波动，飘动；(头发等)呈波形;卷曲
She waved at him. 她对他挥手。
Her hair waves naturally. 她的头发自然鬈曲。
I waved to him from the window.
我在窗口向他挥手致意。
The weeping willow is waving in the breeze.
垂柳在微风中摇曳。
拓展：wave n.
1)波，波浪 2)(手之)挥动,挥手示意 3)浪潮;(情绪的)高涨;(活动等的)高潮[(+of)] 如：
He gave me a wave.他对我挥手。
A wave of anger swept over him. 他心头涌起一股怒潮。
wave sb goodbye =wave goodbye to sb.向某人挥手道别
运用：翻译句子
（1）她从窗户向我们挥手告别。
答案：She waved us goodbye from the window.
（2）旗帜在风中飘扬。
答案：The flags were waving in the wind.
（3） 她的头发自然鬈曲。
答案：Her hair waves naturally.
4. successful adj. 成功的 He is very successful.他非常成功。
拓展：success n. 成功; succeed v.成功; fail v.失败; failure n.失败; succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事; fail to do sth.未能做成某事
success 与 failure 是不可数名词，但表示“成功的人/事”，“失败的人/事”时是可数名词。
运用：完成下列句子
（1）He succeeded________(finish)the task on time.
答案： in finishing
(2)She is ________ (success) as a teacher.
答案: a success
(3) He ______ (fail) pass the exam.
答案：failed to
5. explore vt. 探测;探勘;在...探险
They explored this desert region in 1923.
他们于一九二三年在这荒漠地区探险。
拓展：explore vt. 探究,探索
The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.
大会探讨了在贸易上进一步加强联系的可能性。
vi.探索;考察;探勘;探险
exploration n. (+of) 勘查; 探测; 探索; 探究; 调查; 研究
His father is working on the exploration of cancer.
他的父亲在从事癌症的研究。
运用：翻译
（1）他们那时已经开始了对新世界的探索。
答案： They have begun the exploration of the New Word.
（2)对各种可能性的探索促进了社会的发展。
答案：A full exploration of all the possibilities led to the social development.
6. afterwards adv.以后,后来，然后
He came back afterwards. 她然后就回来了。
拓展：
afterward ,afterwards与then的区别
英国人只用afterwards,美国人...afterwards和afterward通用。
then 有个固定搭配and then“Then”也可用于介词之后，例：
From then on he refused to talk about it.
从那以后他就不再谈这件事了。
afterwards 一般用于句尾，
运用：翻译下列句子
（1)让我们以后再谈。
答案：Let’s talk afterwards
（2)咱们先去看戏，然后再吃吧。
答案：Let's go to the theatre first and eat afterwards.
二.重点词组
1．because of prep．因为，由于
He missed the first bus because of getting up late in the morning.
因为早晨他起来迟了，所以他没有赶上第一班车。
拓展：because of 是介词短语，后跟名词，代词，动名词或 what引导的宾语从句， 在句中作表语或状语。
I've chosen them because of their colors.
因为它们的颜色我选择了它们。
He failed the exam because of his carelessness.
他因为粗心没有通过考试。
because 是连词，引导从句。试比较：
He cried because of the bad news that his father died last night.
他哭了，那是因为那个他父亲昨晚去世的坏消息。
I've chosen them because they are beautiful.
因为它们美丽我选择了它们。
表示“因为”含义的短语还有 thanks to ,due to, owing to ,as a result of ,
for the sake of,on account of 等。其中due to 表原因时，不置于句首。
运用：选择填空
(1)Li Hua came very late not ______the train but____ she was too tired.
A. because of; because B. because; because of
C. for; for D. because; for
答案：A because of 是介词短语，后跟名词，代词，动名词或 what引导的宾语从句 。
而 because 是连词，引导从句 。
(2) It was _____her advice that we finish the task on time.
A. because of B. thank to C. because D. on account for
答案： A 参照单词6解释。D 是on account of 不是on account for。
2.China's first manned spaceship lifted off…
中国第一艘载人宇宙飞船升空了……
lift off： (指火箭或飞行器）发射，升空，起飞；揭开
They are watching spaceship lift off quietly.
他们在静静地看着飞船升入太空。
拓展：
launch 也是“发射”的意思，但是及物动词。 含有lift的常见短语还有：
(1) lift up 举起，提起；使振奋，使受到鼓舞
(2) lift up one's voice 提高嗓音
(3) give sb.a lift 让某人搭便车
(4) lift down 拿下来
(5)lift from 从...升起
运用：选择填空
(1)When I turned on TV, I happened to see the rocket ______.
A. launching B. lifting off C. sending up D. putting up
答案：B 根据句意，宾补应该是不及物动词 且动作正在进行。
(2) Can you give _____ My car is broken.
A. me a lift B. me lift C. lift D. my lift
答案：A give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车
3.work out （计）算出；理解；事情的进展情况；锻炼； 制定 。如：
I couldn't work out what he said.
我不理解他讲的。
I can't work out the problem.
我解决不了这个问题。
You are fat, so you must work out regularly.
你太胖了，应该定期锻炼。
拓展：
与work 连用的常见动词短语还有
(1)work at从事于（跟学科名词）
(2)work on 奏效；从事于
(3) work for为...而工作
(4)in work 有工作
(5) out of work 失业
(6) at work在工作
运用 ：翻译下列句子
（1）他有工作。
答案 ：He is in work./He has a job.
（2） 他们失业已经有三年了 。
答案： They have been out of work for two years.
（3）她在工作。
答案：She is at work.
（4）事情的结果对我们很不错。
答案 ：The things worked out quite well for us .
（5）他正在写一本新的小说。
答案：He is working on a new novel.
4.let out 释放，；发出（叫声等）；泄露（秘密）；（把衣服等）加宽
The air in the tire was let out by the naughty boy.
轮胎的气被那个淘气的男孩给放了。
Mom let my shirt out.
我母亲把我的衬衣加宽了。
Don't let out the secret.
不要泄露了这个秘密。
拓展：
与let 连用的常见动词短语还有：
(1)let alone 更不用说；不管
(2)let go 放开，释放
(3) let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
(4) let sb. down 使某人失望
(5)let through 让通过，放过
(6) let the cat out of the bag.漏底，泄露天机
运用：选择填空
He ____ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn't been home for a couple of weeks.
A. let out b. took care C. made sure D. made out
（2005年湖南省高考题）
答案： A let out 为“ 泄露”的意思
5.at ．．． speed 与 with ．．.speed
拓展：
at the speed of或者at ．．． speed，意为“以……的速度”。而当speed被all, lightning,
great等修饰时，介词应用with。 可用一句口诀来帮助记忆：都（all）以闪电般（lightning）大（great）的速度。
运用：翻译
（1）我们的车在公路上飞快行驶。
答案： Our car was running with great speed on the road.
（2）The Long March No．2 Rocket sent up the satellite into space at the speed of 11．2
kilometers per second．
答案： 长征二号火箭以每秒钟11．2公里的速度将卫星发射到太空。
三.重要句型
1．The spaceship，called Shengzhou Ⅴ，was carrying…Yang Liwei…
called…过去分词作非限制性定语
拓展：
过去分词和现在分词短语都可作定语。区别是如果分词短语与前面的逻辑主语是主谓关系用现在分词短语，是动宾关系的用过去分词短语。如：
The man, talking with my father there, is a football player.
那的男的是足球运动员，他正在和我父亲在那里讲话。
This project，completed in July，brought water to the dry areas.
这项工程于七月份完工，它给干旱地区带来了水。
运用：翻译下列句子
(1)那本小说非常好，是李雷买的。
答案：The novel, bought by Li Lei, is very good.
(2)那个人是我们的老师，他站在树前。
答案： The man, standing in front of the tree, is our teacher.
2. As Yang Liwei returned into..., ready to collect him.
ready to collect him为形容词短语作状语。
拓展：
形容词或形容词短语作状语，主要是表示主语的性质，状态或特征。如：
He came back, cold and hungry.
他回来了，又冷又饿。
She cried, full of happiness.
她哭了，充满了幸福。
运用：翻译下列句子
(1)他躺在那里，一点不能动。
答案： He lay there, unable to move.
(2)那孩子站在那里，充满了恐惧。
答案：The boy stood there, full of fear.
3. Pat was in the bathroom...when she heard a crash.
when=at that time suddenly 这时，在那时，表示动作的突然性。如：
I was doing my homework when there was a knock on the door.
我正在做作业这是有人敲门。
拓展：在下列结构中也是此意：
was/were doing sth...when....正在做某事这时...
had done sth....when.... 刚刚做完某事这时...
was/were about to do sth....when.....= was/were on the point of doing sth.
正要做某事这时...
运用：选择填空
(1)Kate was holidaying with her friends in the open air_____ she was bitten on the leg by a snake.
A. when B.while C. since D. until
答案： A while后要跟延续性动词而bite不是。 when 为“这时”。
(2) I was about to leave ______the telephone rang.
A. when B. while C. since D. as
答案： A was/were about to do sth....when..... 正要做某事这时...
4.too...to...太... 而不能...
The question is too difficult to answer.
这个问题太难了以至于我回答不了。
The box is too heavy for him to carry.
那个箱子对他来说太重了，他搬不动。
拓展：
too后接形容词或副词 , to 后接动词
此句型有时可以与enough to do 互换使用。如上一句可改为：
The question is difficult enough to answer .
too…to…结构在以下几种情况下表示肯定：
(1) 当too后的形容词是表示心情的形容词，如：glad, pleased, surprised, happy, eager, anxious, thankful 等时，too此时相当于very 或very much。
He was too anxious to leave then.他那时非常急于离开。
(2) 如果在 too 前面加上 only, but. all, simply时，这个结构表示肯定。too带有赞赏的感彩。如：
She will be only too pleased to help you.她极高兴帮你。
too … to与 never, not 连用时也表示肯定。如：
It’s never too late to learn.学习永不为迟。
运用： 句型转换
He is too young to join the army.
he isn't______ ______ to join the army.
答案： old; enough
翻译下列句子
（1）她非常吃惊地看到安如此生气。
答案：She was too surprised to see how angry Ann was.
（2）英语并非难学。
答案：English is not too difficult to learn.U2 Heroes
Lesson 1 Modern Heroes
Teaching aims:
To practise extensive reading in order to understand the main idea of each paragraph and guess the meaning of new words from the context.
To use time linkers, especially adverbs and conjunctions
To revise the use of Past Simple and Past Continuous
To practise oral English
Teaching difficulties:
To use time linkers, especially adverbs and conjunctions
To revise the use of Past Simple and Past Continuous
Teaching Aids: computer and cassette
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ. Warming up
T: Who can explain hero’s meaning in English Have a try.
S:
T: A person, especially a man, who is admired by many people for doing something brave or good.
Now think about who is hero in your mind
S: possible ansewers (Wen tianxiang, Yue Fei, Lin Zexu, Song Zhongshan, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlain and so on)
T: Yes. They are great heroes. They names have been recorded in history books. What character do you think heroes should have
S:
T: brave, selfless, calm, honest, generous, intelligent, warm-hearted, romantic…
Today we talk about Modern Heroes who do you think can be called modern heroes
S:
T: teacher can show students some pictures. Finally picture is Yang Liwei. Have you heard of Yang Liwei How do you feel about him
S:
T: show a slide about information Yang Liwei (Born: June 21, 1965, Liao Ning Height:168cm; Weight: 65kg; Training : 1998-2003; Crowned: Space Hero.
and say Yang Liwei is the first man to stand for Chinese to fly into space. He has become a spokesman of space industry. We can say he is national hero
Show some pictures about Shenzhou V
How did you feel about China’s first manned space flight
S:
T: The launch of Shenzhou V shows China is becoming stronger and stronger. As Chinese, we are proud of being Chinese.
Ⅱ Reading
Do you want to know about Yang Liwei Now let’s read the text and do the exercise to see how much you understand,
1. When the spaceship separated from the rocket, Yang could feel the high gravity.
2. Yang Liwei spoke with the ground control when the spaceship was circling the earth the sixth time.
3. Shenahou Ⅴcan change red because of the earth’s atmosphere.
4. When Yang Liwei was doing its sixth circle, he showed the flags of China and the US, expressing he wishes …
5. Yang Liwei felt the ship was shaking when Shenzhou V landed.
6. When he came back from space, he felt very excited.
Answers: 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.T
After reading the text the teacher ask “Can you say some words about space flight ”
Answers: capsule, spacesuit, spaceman (astronaut), spaceship, parachute, rocket, helicopter, launch.
In order to consolidate these words to show pictures and ask student to use these words to describe them.
Ⅲ Further reading
Do the exercise 3and the exercise 4
Read the article and you describe the course of ShenzhouⅤ
Picture1. The spaceship was lifting off, I could really feel the high gravity.
Picture2 The spaceship separated from the rocket I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky
Picture3 The Shenzhou V circled the earth.
Picture 4 Yang Liwei was speaking with his wife and 8-year-old son
Picture 5 Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations.
Picture6 Shenzhou V released its parachute.
Picture7 Millions of people all over China were watching TV when the spaceship touched down safely.
Do the exercise 5
Read through the questions with the class so that students know what information to look out when reading the text.
Students then read the text and answer the questions.
Ⅳ Free talk:
Why do you think Yang Liwei is a hero What can we learn from him
Ⅴ vocabulary
Do the exercise 5 and 6.
Ⅵ Grammar
Guide student to study Grammar Summary 3, on page 92
Do the exercise excise 8
Students look at the sentences and work out the differences( Past Continuous , Past Simple)
Do the exercise 9and 10
Ⅶ Language in use
Students prepare the questions for the interview in pairs. They may need to go back to the text and get more information. They may also use other information which they can collect from newspapers and the internet
Students roleplay an interview between Yang Liwei and a reporter with the reporter asking what happened, what Yang Liwei did and how he felt.
Ⅷ Homework
Read the article space heroes on page 32Unit2 Heros
Lesson 1 Modern heros同步辅导与测试
一般过去时
1) 用法：
A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
例：1991年6月四级第43题
I decided to go to the library as soon as I _______.
A) finish what I did B) finished what I did
C) would finish what I was doing D) finished what I was doing
结合四个选项来看，全句的意思是：“我决定一做完手头的工作就去图书馆”。本题首先要判断的是as soon as（一……就）引出的时间状语从句中谓语动词的时态。从句中的动作“做完手头的工作”是预计将要发生的动作，而去句的谓语动词用的是过去时（decided）。在这种场合，从句中通常用一般过去时，而不用过去将来时。所以选项A和C不可能是答案。句子指的是“完成正在做的工作”，do要用进行式。因此选项D才是答案。
B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去时。
例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。）
He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。）
C) 有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。
例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car （我想向您借车用一用，可以吗？）
Would you mind my sitting here （您介意我坐在这里吗？）
2) 注意事项：
A) 注意时间状语的搭配。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，绝对不可与recently, in the past 10 years, this month等连用，因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。
B) used to do的否定形式和疑问形式很特别：你怎么写都正确。以否定形式为例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都对。
Used to do经常与 be used to doing sth/ sth结构进行对比。前者表示"过去常常或过去曾经"，要求加动词原形；后者表示"习惯于"，要求加名词或动名词。
过去完成时(had done)
1) 用法：表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的：表示"过去的过去的动作或状态"。
例：1997年1月四级第21题
Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.
A) didn't hear C) hasn't heard B) hasn't been hearing D) hadn't heard
全句的意思是：“到那时为止，他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出，谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时。答案是D)。其它选项中：A) didn't hear，因为一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态，所以不能与时间状语for six months连用。B) hasn't been hearing，现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作，与题意不符。C) hasn't heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。
2) 注意事项：“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。
例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.（刚才有人在我们的房间里，因为我们打开前门进来时，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃烧的香烟。）
分析：虽然时间状语是just now，似乎应该使用一般过去时，但是“在房间里”这个状态是在"开门"和"注意"这两个过去的动作之前就存在的，所以应该用过去完成时。
一般过去时与过去进行时的区别
一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,往往表示动作已完成或结束;而过去进行时则表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作,表示动作的未完成性。例如:
He read a novel that evening.那天晚上他读了一本小说。(读完了整本小说)
He was reading a novel that evening.那天晚上他在读一本小说。(小说不一定读完)
单项选择
1. – If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.
-- What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you.
A. is B. was C. would be D. has been
2. The hero’s story _____ differently in the newspapers.
A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported
3. They _____ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _____ on it as no god results have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working
4. Father _____ for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him.
A. has left B. left C. was leaving D. had left
5. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she _____.
A. has done B. had done C. was doing D. is doing
6. More than a dozen students in that school _____ abroad to study medicine last year.
A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent
7. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ____ down to eat our picnic lunch.
A. sitting B. having sat C. to sit D. sat
8. –What’s wrong with your coat
-- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ____ on it.
A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting
9. – Thank goodness, you’re here! What _____ you
-- Traffic jam.
A. keeps B. is keeping C. had kept D. kept
10. She _____ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.
A. would change B. has changed C. changed D. was changing
11. It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847-1931) _____ the world leading inventor for sixty years.
A. would be B. has been C. had been D. was
12. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ____ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.
A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun
13. My mind wasn’t on what e was saying so I’, afraid I _____ half of it.
A. was missing B. had missed C. will D. missed
14. The discussion ____ alive when an interesting topic was bought in.
A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came
15. – You were out when I dropped in at your house.
-- Oh, I _____ for a friend from England at the airport.
A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited
16. – I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
-- Oh, how nice! Do you know when she _____
A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left
17. – Has Sam finished his homework today
-- I have no idea. He ____ it this morning.
A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
18. I _____ you not to move my dictionary now I can’t find it.
A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked
19. – What were you doing when Ton phoned you
-- I had just finished my work and ____ to take a shower.
A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting
20. – Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.
-- Where was I
-- You ____ you didn’t like your father’s job.
A. had said B. said
C. were saying D. had been saying
21. I ______ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time.
A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep
C. fell asleep D. fall asleep
22. All morning as she waited for he medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _____.
A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown
23. The news came as no surprise to me. I ___ for some time that the factory was going to shut down.
A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know
24. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ____ it.
A. doesn’t mention B. hadn’t mentioned
C. didn’t mention D. hasn’t mentioned
25. The silence of the library ____ only by the sound of pages being turned over.
A. has been broken B. breaks C. broke D. was broken
Keys:
1-5 BAABC 6-10 BDDDC 11-15 DBDDA 16-20 DCADC 21-25 CCACD
阅读理解
一
When tea and coffee were first introduced to Europe in the 18th century, people had different idea about their uses. Some said that tea and coffee were harmful to people and they would cause people to die. In Sweden the man who was once a king decided to find out whether this was true or not. It happened that there were two twins who were almost exactly alike in every way. They had both been sentenced to death. The king decided to let them live if one of them agreed to drink several cups of tea each day and the other several cups of coffee. They did as they were ordered. Sure enough, the brothers lived for many years without problems of kind.
At last the brother who had to drink tea every day died at the age of 83, and the other died a few years later. Because of this, Sweden is today one of the countries where a lot of tea and coffee are drunk.
1、Tea and coffee were first introduced to Europe in _________.
A、19th century
B、18th century
C、in 1801
D、1921
2、The twins did the things that _________.
A、the king ordered
B、their father ordered
C、their mother told
D、people told
3、Sweden is today one of the countries where _______ are drunk.
A、a lot of tea and coffee
B、a lot of milk
C、a lot of coffee
D、a lot of tea
4、Tea and coffee are not ________.
A、harmful
B、useful
C、important
D、helpful
5、The twins _______ to drink several cups of tea and coffee.
A、agreed
B、disagreed
C、were glad
D、were angry
答案：B A A A A
二(A)
Miss Gogers taught physics in a New York school.Last month she explained to one of her classes about sound, and she decided to test them to see how successful she had been in her explanation. She said to them,“Now I have a brother in Los Angeles.If I was calling him on the phone and at the same time you were 75 feet away, listening to me from across the street, which of you would hear what I said earlier, my brother or you and for what reason ”
Tom at once answered,“Your brother. Because electricity travels faster than sound waves.”“That's every good,”Miss Gogers answered; but then one of the girls raised her hand, and Miss Gogers said.“Yes, Kate.”
“I disagree,”Kate said.“Your brother would hear you earlier because when it's 11 o'clock here it's only 8 o'clock in Los Angeles.”
1.Miss Gogers was teaching her class_________.
A.how to telephone B.about electricity C.about time zone(时区) D.about sound
2.Miss Gogers raised this question because she wanted to know whether______.
A.it was easy to phone to Los Angeles
B.her student could hear her from 75 feet away
C.her students had grasped her lesson
D.sound waves were slower than electricity
3.Tom thought that electricity was _________.
A.slower than sound waves
B.faster than sound waves
C.not so fast as sound waves
D.as fast as sound waves
4.Kate thought Tom was wrong because _______.
A.clocks in Los Angeles showed a different time from those in New York B.electricity was slower than sound waves
C.Tom was not good at physics at all
D.Tom's answer had nothing to do with sound waves
5.Whose answer do you think is correct according to the law of physics
A.Tom's B.Kate's C.Bath A and B D.Neither A nor B
(B)
It was Monday. Mrs Smith's dog was hungry, but there was not any meat in the house.
Considering that there was no better way. Mrs Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on it:“Give my dog half a pound of meat.”Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently:“Take this to the butcher(*person whose job is selling meat). and he's going to give you your lunch today.”
Holding the piece of paper in its mouth, the dog ran to the butcher's. It gave the paper to the butcher. The butcher read it carefully, recognized that it was really the lady's handwriting and soon did it as he was asked to. The dog was very happy, and ate the meat up at once.
At noon, the dog came to the shop again. It gave the butcher a piece of paper again. After reading it. he gave it half a pound of meat once more.
The next day, the dog came again exactly at noon. And as usual, it brought a piece of paper in the mouth. This time, the butcher did not take a look at paper, and gave the dog its meat, for he had regarded the dog as one of his customers (*people who buy sth. from a shop).
But, the dog came again at four o'clock. And the same thing happened once again. To the butcher's more surprise, it came for the third time at six o'clock, and brought with it a third piece of paper. The butcher felt a bit puzzled. He said to himself,“This is a small dog. Why does Mrs Smith give it so much meat to eat today ”
Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were not any words on it!
6.Mrs Smith treated her little dog quite_________.
A.cruelly B.fairly C.kindly D.friendly
7.It seemed that the dog knew well that the paper Mrs Smith gave it_______.
A.might do it much harm
B.could do it much good
C.would help the butcher
D.was worth many pounds
8.The butcher did not give any meat to the dog __________.
A.before he felt sure that the words were really written by Mrs Smith
B.when he found that the words on the paper were not clear
C.because he had sold out all the meat in his shop
D.until he was paid enough by Mrs Smith
9.From its experience, the dog found that ________.
A.only the paper with Mrs Smith's words in it could bring it meat
B.the butcher would give the meat to it whenever he saw it
C.Mrs Smith would pay for the meat it got from the butcher
D.a piece of paper could bring it half a pound of meat
10.At the end of the story, you'll find that _______.
A.the dog was clever enough to write on the paper
B.the dog dared not go to the butcher's any more
C.the butcher was told not to give any meat to the dog
D.the butcher found himself cheated(*act in a way that is not honest)by the clever animal
(C)
Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale,Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.
In the early years, these school were much.alike(*similar).Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects,and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated(*毕业),most of them became ministers or teachers.
In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training(*训练)in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.
As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.
Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with(涉及)special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one kind of school can't offer it all.
11.The oldest university in the US is _________.
A.Yale B.Harvard C.Princeton D.Columbia
12.From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years,______.
A.those colleges and universities were the same
B.people, young or old, might study in the colleges
C.students studied only some languages and science
D.when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers
13.Modern languages the Harvard taught in 1825 were ________.
A.Latin and Greek
B.Latin, Green, French and German
C.American history and German
D.French and German
14.As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_______.
A.everything that was known
B.law and something about medicine
C.many new subjects
D.the subjects that interested students
15.On the whole, the passage is about___________.
A.how to start a university
B.the world-famous colleges in America
C.how colleges have changed
D.what kind of lesson each college teaches
答案： 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.D 11.B 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.C
