考点08
动词和动词短语
动词和动词短语，历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大，主要测试考生在具体语境中对动词(短语)意义的理解和运用。主要考查词义辨析、动词的用法和搭配、一词多义以及在具体语境中正确使用动词短语。要特别注意一些最常用的词汇如get,
make,
have,
take以及与它们构成的动词短语等。
1.?动词词义辨析。包括常见动词用法辨析、近义词辨析、词形相近词辨析和用法相近词辨析。
2.高频动词短语意义辨析。?主要考点:?考查主要集中于高频的动词短语,?如break,
bring,
call,
come,
get,
go,
make,
take,
turn,
put,
pick,
hold,keep,
look,
carry,
set,
cut,
show,
pull等构成的短语。
动词辨析
动词辨析主要考察点在以下几个方面：考查动词词义辨析、考查近义动词辨析、考查动词与其宾语的固定搭配、考查同根动词短语的辨析，解答这些题时，必须明确各个动词的词义和用法，一定要在理解语境的基础上，从语义逻辑、固定搭配、前后关系等，然后根据题意需要确定答案。
【典例】
1.
Recently,
these
companies
have
_______
some
workers
because
of
the
drop
in
economy.
A.
hired
B.
dismissed C.
refused
D.
employed
【解析】四个选项都是及物动词，且都可以与worker构成动宾关系，但从题干中的the
drop
in
?economy可知，只有B项符合题意。
2.
When
his
brother
was
to
cross
the
street,
he
was
knocked
down
by
a
truck
and
badly
_______。
A.
injured
B
damaged
C.
harmed
D.
destroyed
【解析】
这四个动词都有“伤害，损害”之意，但具体用法不同。injure指在意外事故中“受伤”;damage主要指对于物体的不彻底的破坏，这种破坏或因自然灾害所致，或因人为造成，常含可以修复之意;harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安或不便;destroy表示毁坏十分彻底，常含无法修复再用之意。从题意来看，答案为A。
3.
With
modern
equipment,
many
mysteries
have
_______
to
light
in
recent
years.
A.
bought
B.
come
C.
thrown
D.
appeared
【解析】
题意为“由于有现代化的设备，近年来许多谜团被揭开”。“揭露，将……曝光”是come
to
light，故答案为B。
4．Last
December
China
________
100
Chinese
and
10
foreigners
for
their
outstanding
contributions
to
the
country’s
reform
and
opening?up.
A．distinguished
B．sponsored
C．acknowledged
D．evaluated
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：去年12月，中国对100名中国人和10名外国人为中国改革开放做出的杰出贡献表示感谢。acknowledge“感谢”，符合语境。distinguish“区分，辨别”；sponsor“赞助”；evaluate“评估，评价”。
5．The
Chang’e
4
lunar
probe’s
landing
on
the
moon’s
far
side
on
Jan.3,
2019
________
a
new
chapter
in
mankind’s
exploration
of
the
moon.
A．predicts
B．marks
C．approves
D．shapes
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：嫦娥四号月球探测器于2019年1月3日登陆月球背面，标志着人类探索月球的新篇章。mark“是……的迹象，成为……的征兆，表明”，符合语境。predict“预测”；approve“批准，认可”；shape“塑造，决定……的形成”。
高频动词短语意义辨析
1.
break
?break
away
from
脱离，背叛
break
up
结束；散开，解散
break
down
出故障，坏掉，垮掉，使分解
break
into
闯入，破门而入
break
(sth.)
off
(使某物)折断，中断break
out
(战争、火灾)突然发生，爆发
break
in
打断，打扰；强行进入
break
through
突破，战胜
2.
bring
?
bring
about?导致,?造成,?引起
bring
down?使倒下,?使降低
bring
in????引进;?带来;?赚得;?收获
?
bring
forward???提出;?提前
bring
out????出版;?生产;?使显现bring
up????抚养,?教育;?提出;?呕吐
3.
call
?
call
for
需要
call
in
请来，召集
call
off
取消
call
on/upon
号召
call
out
大声呼喊，叫喊
call
up
给……打电话，使想起
4.
come
?
come
about?发生
come
to??苏醒;?总计
come
across
??偶遇;?无意中发现
come
true?????实现,?成为现实(不及物)?
come
out????
?????出版;?结果是
come
up????
(建议、计划等)被提出
?come
up
with????
??提出(建议、计划等)
come
on?????
????
(催促)快点;
(鼓励)加油;
(不耐烦)得了,?算了吧!
5.
get
?get
away
from
逃脱，逃离
get
close
to
接近
get
down
on
one's
knees
跪下
get
down
to
(doing)
sth.
开始(做)某事
get
it
理解，懂得
get
through
接通(电话)，完成，通过
get...across
to
sb.
使得……被某人理解
get/be
stuck
陷进去，被困住
get
along
(with)
(与某人)和睦相处，进步
get
on
进展，获得成功
6.
give
?
give
away??
??赠送;?泄露;?分发
give
back???
??归还
give
in
???屈服;?让步;?投降;?认输
?
give
out????分发;?发出;?公布;?用尽
give
up??????
???放弃
7.
go
?
go
against??
???违背;?不利于;?反对
go
ahead????
???开始(做某事);
(表同意)
?
go
around??
???参观;
(消息)传播go
by??
???????过去;?经过
go
down????
???下降;?下沉
?
go
on??
???????继续;?发生;?进行
go
over??????
???复习,?仔细检查
?
go
through??穿过;?经历;?仔细检查
go
with??????
???与……相配
go
without??没有……也行
8.
hold
?
hold
back???
?????犹豫;?隐瞒;?阻止
hold
on=hang
on别挂断;?等一会儿;?坚持
?
hold
out?????
?????坚持;?伸出
hold
up??????举起;?阻挡,?使耽搁
hold
on
to????紧紧抓住;?保留;?不放弃
9.
keep
??Keep
away
from??远离;?避开
keep
back??????留下;?隐瞒;?克制(感情)
keep
on????????继续;?坚持下去
?
keep
out
of????
?置身于……外;?避开
keep
up????????
?保持;?继续;?不低落keep
up
with?????跟上;?
keep
an
eye
out
for?密切注意;?留心;?警惕
keep
an
eye
on????照看;?密切注视
10.
leave
??
leave
alone???不打扰;?不理,?不管
leave
behind????
留下;?丢下,?丢弃
??
leave
out??
??遗漏,?忽略
11.
look
?
?look
ahead
向前看，展望未来
look
back
on
回顾，回忆
look
around
环顾四周
look
up
查找，查阅
look
into
往……里面看；调查，研究
look
(right)
into
sb.'s
eyes
直视
look
out
for
警惕，留心
look
down
on/upon
瞧不起，轻视
look
through
看透，仔细查看
look
up
to
敬仰，尊重?
look
on????
??旁观
12.
make
??make
out
理解，弄清楚
make
up
化妆，和解，编造，组成
make
up
for
弥补，补偿
make
a
commitment
承诺，保证
make
a
contribution
to
为……做出贡献
make
a
fool
of
sb.＝fool
sb.
愚弄某人
make
a/no
difference
(没)有关系/影响
make
it
(事业上)获得成功
make
comments
on/upon
(对……)发表评论
make
(both)
ends
meet
使收支相抵
make
sense
有意义，有道理，讲得通
make
sense
of
弄懂……的意思
13.
put
??
put
aside????撇开;?暂不考虑;?储蓄
put
away??
????????收拾,?整理;?储存
??
put
back?????????把……放回原处;?推迟?
put
forward?????
?????提出;?拨快
??
put
down??
?????记下,?写下,?镇压put
out?????????伸出;?扑灭;?生产;?出版
??
put
up??????????建造,?张贴;?提供住宿
put
up
with??????
????忍受;?容忍
??
put
on??????????穿上,?增加,?上演
14.
set
??
set
aside?????????划出;?留出;?拨出
set
about
doing
sth.??着手做某事
??
set
out???????
?出发,?动身
set
out
to
do
sth.?着手做某事
??
set
off???动身;?引起;?使爆炸
set
up???建立,?创立
15.
turn
??
turn
away???走开;?转过脸去turn
down?拒绝;?关小,?调低
??
turn
up?????
?????开大;?出现,?到场
turn
out????
????结果是,?证明是;?生产
??
turn
over???翻转;?翻阅,?仔细考虑turn
against??????反对;?背叛
??
turn
to????转向;?求助于
16.
take
??take
after
与……相像
take
in
吸收，理解，上当
take
for...
当作……，误以为是……
take
on
呈现
take
up
开始做，占用(时间或空间)
take
off
起飞，脱下，突然大受欢迎
take
over
接管，占上风
take
to
开始喜欢，养成……的习惯
take...by
surprise
对……突然袭击
take...for
example
以……为例
take
responsibility
for对……负起责任
take
turns
to
do
sth./in
doing
sth.
轮流做某事
take...into
consideration
顾及，考虑到
take
pride
in
对……感到自豪??
take
back?收回,?撤销
take
down?记下;?拆卸;?取下take
away?带走,?拿走,?剥夺
take
up?????
???从事;?占据(时间、空间);?着手处理;?接着做?
take
in????吸收;?接受;?理解,?欺骗
??
take
off????
???起飞;?脱下;?成功,
take
on?????
???呈现;?具有;?承担;?雇用
??
take
over??
???接管,?接收
take
advantage
of????
??利用
??
Take
it
easy??????
??????放松,?别紧张
take
your
time?
??慢慢来,?别着急
??
take
measures
to
do
sth.??采取措施做某事take
action?采取行动
【典例】
1.
?(2018·江苏Developing
the
Yangtze
River
Economic
Belt
is
a
systematic
project
which
________(calls
for/calls
on/calls
off/calls
up)
a
clear
road
map
and
timetable.
【答案】calls
for
【解析】句意：发展长江经济带是一项系统工程，需要一个清晰的路线图和时间表。call
for意为“需要”，符合语境。call
on
拜访，号召；call
off取消；call
up给……打电话，使回忆起。
2.
(2018?天津)At
first
Robert
wouldn't
let
his
daughter
go
diving,
but
eventually
he
________(gave
in/dressed
up/broke
in/turned
up)
as
she
was
so
confident
about
her
skills.
【答案】gave
in
【解析】句意：起初，罗伯特不让他的女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对自己的技术很自信。give
in意为“屈服，让步”，符合语境。dress
up打扮，装饰；break
in破门而入，打断；turn
up出现，调高(音量等)。
3.
Working
with
the
medical
team
in
Africa
has
________(held
out/brought
out/picked
out/given
out)
the
best
in
her
as
a
doctor.
【答案】brought
out
【解析】句意：在非洲与医疗队的合作使她作为一名医生的最佳素质彰显了出来。bring
out意为“使显现，使表现出”，符合句意。hold
out伸出手(或胳膊)，维持，坚持；pick
out挑选出，辨认出；give
out分发。
4.
Parents
should
actively
urge
their
children
to
________(gain
admission
to/keep
track
of/
take
advantage
of
/give
rise
to)
the
opportunity
to
join
sports
teams.
【答案】take
advantage
of
【解析】句意：父母应该积极要求他们的孩子利用加入运动队的机会。take
advantage
of意为“利用”，符合语境。gain
admission
to获准……的许可；keep
track
of记录，与……保持联系；give
rise
to引起，导致。
动词的一词多义
很多动词在不同的语境中有不同的意义，因此要进行专门复习，常见的有：
1.
act
(v.
&
n.?行动)
e.g.
It
will
takeseveral
hours
before
the
drug
really
acts.
(
vi.?起作用)
2.
address
(n.?地址；vt.?写地址)
e.g.
President
Obama
wasscheduled
to
address
the
American
people
on
the
evening
of
May
7.
(vt.?向……做演说)
3.
appreciate
(vt.?欣赏，感激，感谢)
e.g.
They
soonappreciated
that
it
must
be
a
well-designed
trap.
(v.?意识到)
4.
attend
(vt.?参加，出席)
e.g.
With
severalpatients
to
attend
that
night,
the
nurse
felt
very
tired.
(vt.?照料，照顾)
With
three
kidsattending
high
school
in
the
town,
the
couple
had
to
work
day
and
night
to
earnmore
money.
(vt.上学)
5.
count
(n.
&
v.?计数，数)
e.g.
It
is
not
what
youare
thinking
but
what
you
are
doing
that
counts.
(v.?重要，有价值)
6.
escape
(vi.?逃跑，逃脱)
e.g.
I
saw
a
familiarface
in
the
crowd.
However,
his
name
escaped
me
for
the
moment.
(vt.?被忘掉)
The
harmful
gases
areescaping
from
the
pipe.
(vi.?泄漏，漏出)
7.
fail
(vi.?失败)
e.g.
Fresh
vegetablesused
to
fail
in
winter.
(vi.?不足，缺乏)
With
time
passing
by,his
memory
is
failing.
(vi.?衰退)
Try
as
the
family
might,they
failed
to
find
the
lost
child
in
the
town.
(vi.?未能)
8.
introduce
(vt.?介绍)
e.g.
When
tomatoes
werefirst
introduced
into
Europe,
they
didn’taccept
them
at
all.
(vt.引入)
9.
make
(vt.?制造)
e.g.
New
laws
have
beenmade
to
protect
the
interests
of
the
farmers.
(vt.?制定)
He
is
making
his
owntrouble
by
doing
this.
(vt.引起，导致，造成)
She
will
make
a
greatteacher.
(vt.成为，使形成)
10.
observe
(vt.?观察)
e.g.
Having
lived
abroadfor
many
years,
he
still
observed
the
old
traditions
and
customs.
(vt.?遵守)
Every
year,
we
willobserve
the
traditional
Spring
Festival
in
different
ways.
(vt.?庆祝)
11.
work
(v.
&
n.?工作)
e.g.
The
medicine
willsoon
work.
(vi.?起作用)
The
machine
works
verywell.
(vi.?运转)考点08
动词和动词短语
动词辨析
1．Students
will
have
their
temperatures
measured
at
school
gates
and
must
show
a
"green"
health
code
on
a
special
app
that
a
person's
infection
risk.
A．celebrates
B．cancels
C．calculates
D．combines
2．Whenever
I
feel
lonely
or
upset,
I
always
do
some
reading,
which
______
me
well.
A．serves
B．equips
C．prepares
D．informs
3．When
dealing
with
people
from
different
cultures,
we
should
seek
common
ground
and
______
differences.
A．register
B．reserve
C．request
D．restore
4．Studying
is
the
action
of
________
to
acquire
knowledge,
either
by
directly
observing
phenomena
of
interest,
or
by
reading
the
writings
of
others
about
these
phenomena.
A．proceeding
B．attempting
C．tending
D．managing
5．The
customs
officer
asked,
“Do
you
have
anything
to
_______?”
“Nothing.”
I
answered.
A．delete
B．declare
C．decline
D．deliver
6．If
you
have
any
doubts
about
your
health,
you’d
better______
your
doctor
at
once.
A．convince
B．consult
C．avoid
D．affect
7．Don’t
worry
if
you
don’t
understand
everything,
the
teacher
will
______
the
main
points
at
the
end.
A．recover
B．review
C．require
D．remember
8．The
fact
that
she
never
apologized
____a
lot
about
what
kind
of
person
she
is.
A．says
B．talks
C．appears
D．declares
9．Clinical
evidence
began
to________，
suggesting
that
the
new
drugs
had
a
wider
range
of
useful
activities
than
had
been
predicted
from
experiments
in
animals.
A．operate
B．strengthen
C．approve
D．accumulate
10．The
university
started
some
new
language
programs
to
_________
the
country’s
Silk
Road
Economic
Belt.
A．apply
to
B．cater
for
C．appeal
to
D．hunt
for
高频动词短语意义辨析
11．Developing?the?Yangtze?River?Economic?Belt?is?a?systematic?project?which?_______
a
clear
road
map
and
timetable.
A．calls?for
B．calls?on
C．calls?off
D．calls?up
12．Mr.
and
Mrs.
Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
___________,
get
married,
and
have
kids.
A．settle
down
B．keep
off
C．get
up
D．cut
in
13．Mary
is
really
good
at
taking
notes
in
class.
She
can
________
almost
every
word
her
teacher
says.
A．put
out
B．put
down
C．put
away
D．put
together
14．She_______
an
old
friend
of
hers
yesterday
while
she
was
shopping
at
the
department
store.
A．turned
down
B．came
across
C．took
after
D．dealt
with
15．When
people
want
to
expand
their
knowledge,
they
usually
______
books
that
offer
useful
information.
A．point
to
B．turn
to
C．attend
to
D．belong
to
16．It’s
easy
to
get
lost
when
you
drive
in
a
new
city,
so
it’s
important
to
______
a
good
map
before
you
set
out.
A．study
B．display
C．deliver
D．publish
17．Little
Johnny
felt
the
bag,
curious
to
know
what
it
____.
A．collected
B．contained
C．loaded
D．saved
18．If
she
doesn’t
want
to
go,
nothing
you
can
say
will
________
her.
A．persuade
B．promise
C．invite
D．support
19．—Didn’t
you
have
a
good
time
at
the
party?
—Of
course
I
did.As
a
matter
of
fact,I
had
such
fun
that
time
seemed
to_____so
quickly.
A．go
by
B．go
away
C．go
out
D．go
over
20．Mum___to
us,“Be
quiet!Your
little
sister’s
sleeping.”
A．whispered
B．shouted
C．explained
D．replied
1.【2020·全国新课标II改错】
I’m
glad
to
know
that
you’ve
come
China
to
learn
kung
fu
in
a
school
in
my
hometown.
2.【2020·全国新课标III改错】I
tell
my
mom
that
if
we’re
forced
eat
things,
we
may
become
ill.
3．（2019·江苏省高考真题）More
wind
power
stations
will
________
to
meet
the
demand
for
clean
energy.
A．take
up
B．clear
up
C．hold
up
D．spring
up
4．（2020·江苏省高考真题）There
will
still
be
lots
of
challenges
if
we
are
to
_____
garbage
in
a
short
time.
A．clarify
B．justify
C．satisfy
D．classify
5．（2020·天津高考真题）We
can’t
______
buying
a
new
printer
for
our
company.
The
one
we
have
doesn’t
work.
A．take
up
B．carry
out
C．keep
on
D．put
off
6．（2020·天津高考真题）We
offered
to
give
Sharon
a
ride
home,
but
she
______,
saying
that
she
felt
like
walking.
A．understood
B．accepted
C．compromised
D．declined
7．（2020·天津高考真题）I
never
worried
about
my
son
while
I
was
away
because
my
mother
______
him.
A．drank
a
toast
to
B．played
a
joke
on
C．kept
an
eye
on
D．made
an
apology
to
8．（2020·天津高考真题）The
company
is
willing
to
______________
the
new
technology
if
it
can
be
shown
to
reduce
production
costs.
A．look
over
B．bring
in
C．put
aside
D．knock
out
1．（2020·天津高三三模）Students
will
have
their
temperatures
measured
at
school
gates
and
must
show
a
"green"
health
code
on
a
special
app
that
a
person's
infection
risk.
A．celebrates
B．cancels
C．calculates
D．combines
2．（2020·天津高三三模）In
order
to
lose
weight,
the
young
lady
prefers
to
______
regularly
rather
than
take
expensive
weight-losing
pills.
A．hang
out
B．leave
out
C．work
out
D．figure
out
3．（2020·天津高三三模）To
______
the
turkey,
people
often
prepare
other
things,
such
as
cornbread,
mashed
potatoes
(土豆泥),
and
pumpkin
or
apple
pie.
A．come
across
B．go
with
C．search
for
D．figure
out
4．（2020·天津高三三模）Whenever
I
feel
lonely
or
upset,
I
always
do
some
reading,
which
______
me
well.
A．serves
B．equips
C．prepares
D．informs
5．（2020·江苏省高三三模）When
dealing
with
people
from
different
cultures,
we
should
seek
common
ground
and
______
differences.
A．register
B．reserve
C．request
D．restore
6．（2020·江苏省高三三模）The
manager
has
______
several
principles
that
he
hopes
will
guide
his
employees
in
their
work.
A．set
in
B．set
off
C．set
out
D．set
aside
7．（2020·江西省南昌二中高一月考）While
working
in
the
field,
the
two
farmers
______
some
old
coins,
which
proved
to
be
from
an
ancient
tomb
underground.
A．came
about
B．came
around
C．came
across
D．came
out
8．（2020·江西省南昌二中高二月考）As
we
joined
the
big
crowd,
I
got
from
my
friend.
A．separated
B．spared
C．lost
D．missed
9．（2020·吉林省实验高一期中）Once
fighting
_________
between
the
two
villages
and
many
people
were
killed.
A．broke
out
B．was
broken
out
C．had
broken
out
D．had
been
broken
out
10．（2020·吉林省实验高一期中）If
you
cheat
in
the
exam,
you’ll
never
__________
it.
A．get
in
with
B．get
along
with
C．get
away
with
D．get
through
11．（2020·江苏省高三月考）What
____
an
excellent
player
from
an
average
one
is
that
the
former
learns
from
his
errors,
while
the
latter
repeats
them.
A．defines
B．describes
C．differentiates
D．discourages
12．（2020·黑龙江省大庆实验中学高一月考）She
was
suddenly
______
a
crowd
of
excited
fans.
A．threatened
with
B．replaced
with
C．provided
with
D．surrounded
with
13．（2020·黑龙江省大庆实验中学高一月考）It
is
a
headache
trying
to
______
in
a
strange
new
town.
I
will
just
take
a
taxi
and
avoid
all
the
trouble.
A．get
over
B．get
on
with
C．get
around
D．get
out
of
14．（2020·天津耀华中学高一月考）Blaming
yourself
for
what
happened
doesn’t
make
much
sense.
It’s
time
for
you
to
____.
A．turn
out
B．pick
up
C．put
down
D．move
on
15．（2020·江苏省高三三模）Dr.
Coates,
a
famous
architect
from
Italy,
and
his
team
_____
the
design
of
the
city’s
landmark.
A．committed
B．overcame
C．undertook
D．spoiled
16．（2020·江苏省高三三模）Some
students
even
don’t
know
that
by
helping
a
partner
cheat
in
a
test
they
may
_____
with
the
same
punishment.
A．come
up
B．end
up
C．put
up
D．catch
up
17．（2020·江苏省扬州中学高三月考）—How
could
she
have
let
something
so
important
________
her
mind?
—She’s
fully
applied
to
work
recently
and
gets
burnt
out.
A．occupy
B．cross
C．slide
D．slip
18．（2020·江苏省扬州中学高三月考）Our
high-tech
zone
has__________guidelines
for
sustainable
development
in
the
next
five
years.
A．fallen
for
B．got
over
C．broken
down
D．laid
out
19．（2020·江苏省镇江中学高一期中）Some
people
believe
that
increasing
TV
violence
is
____the
minds
of
young
people.
A．complaining
B．poisoning
C．exploding
D．ignoring
20．（2020·江苏省镇江中学高一期中）After
studying
in
a
medical
college
for
five
years,
Jane
her
job
as
a
doctor
in
the
countryside.
A．set
out
B．took
over
C．took
up
D．set
up
考点练
1．C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生将在校门口测量温度，并且必须展示特殊的应用程序上的“绿色”健康代码，这个应用程序可计算出人的感染风险。A.
celebrates
庆祝；B.
cancels
取消；C.
calculates计算；D.
combines结合。根据句意，这里要表达的是该应用程序可以计算一个人的感染风险，故选C项。
2．A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：每当我感到孤独或沮丧时，我总是读些书，这对我很有好处。A.
serves对某人有用；B.
suits适合；C.
favors
支持；D.
motivates
激励。serve
sb为固定搭配，意为“对某人有用”，这里指读书有用。故选A项。
3．B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们和来自不同文化的人打交道的时候，我们要求同存异。A.
register登记，注册；B.
reserve
预订，保留，拥有，保持；C.
request请求，要求；D.
restore恢复，修复。根据people
from
different
cultures及常识可知，此处指“寻求共同点和保留差异”，即求同存异。故选B。
4．B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学习是尝试习得知识的行为，既可以通过直接观察有趣的现象学习，也可以通过阅读他人关于这些现象所写的东西学习。A.proceeding前进;
B.attempting尝试;C.tending倾向于;D.managing设法。分析句子可知，学习是一种尝试获取知识的行为，proceeding
to
do
开始着手做某事；attempting
to
do尝试做某事
；
tending
to
do
倾向于做某事；managing
to
do
设法做成某事。故选B项。
【点睛】
Manage
to
do
和
try
to
do
的区别
1.try
to
do
sth表示“试图做某事”，可是不知道此事能否做成。
2.
manage
to
do
sth表示“（设法）做成某事”，它含有“成功；办成”的意思。
本题中学习是一种尝试习得知识的行为，并不一定取得成功，故不能选D，只能选B
attempting
to
do尝试做某事。
5．B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海关官员问：“你有什么要申报的吗？”“没什么。”我回答。A.
delete删除；B.
declare宣布，申报，声明；C.
decline拒绝，下降；D.
deliver投递。根据句意和语境可知，对话发生在海关，因此海关官员询问对方有没有需要申报以通关。故选B。
6．B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A.
convince
说服；B.
consult咨询；
C.
avoid
避免；D.
affect影响。健康有问题应该咨询医生。故选B。
7．B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。
句意：如果你什么都不懂，不用担心，老师会在最后复习要点。A.
recover恢复；
C.
review回顾，总结;
C.
require需要，要求；D.
remember记得。根据“he
main
points
at
the
end”可知，review符合句意。故选B。
8．A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她永远不会道歉很大程度上说明了她是一个什么样的人”。A
.
say说明，表达，显示;
B.
talks谈论;C
.appear出现，显得;
D.
declare宣布，声明。根据“she
never
apologized”可知，她永远不会道歉很大程度上说明了她是一个什么样的人。故选A项。
9．D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：临床证据开始积累，表明这种新药比在动物身上的实验所预计的有更广范围的使用。A.
operate
操作，运转；B.
strengthen加强；C.
approve批准，赞成；D.
accumulate积累。根据句意选D。
10．B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，为国家丝绸之路经济带提供服务。A
.apply
to向……申请，适用于……；B
.cater
for迎合，满足……的需要，为……提供服务；C
.appeal
to对……有吸引力，呼吁；D.
hunt
for
猎取，寻找。根据句意。故选B项。
11．A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A.
calls
for需要；B.
calls
on号召；C.
calls
off取消；D.
calls
up使想起。故选A。
点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。分析全句句意，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。
12．A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A.
settle
down安顿下来；B.
keep
off远离；C.
get
up起床；D.
cut
in插嘴。根据后文get
married,
and
have
kids可推知，是安顿下来，故选A。
13．B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：玛丽的确擅长在课堂上记笔记，她几乎能记下老师说的每句话。A. put
out熄灭；B.
put
down写下，记下；C.
put
away放好，储存；D.
put
together组合，放在一起。由“Mary
is
really
good
at
taking
notes
in
class.”可知，put
down“写下，记下”符合句意。故选B项。
14．B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她昨天去购物的时候偶然碰见了她的一个老朋友。A.
turned
down拒绝；
B.
came
across偶遇；偶然碰到；
C.
took
after与……相像；
D.
dealt
with处理。根据句意可知，此处指“偶然遇到”，故选B。
15．B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当人们想要扩展他们的知识时，他们通常求助于提供有用信息的书籍。A.
point
to指向；B.
turn
to求助于；C.
attend
to照顾；D.
belong
to属于。由“When
people
want
to
expand
their
knowledge,
offer
useful
information.”可知，turn
to“求助于”符合句意。故选B项。
16．A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在一个陌生的城市开车时很容易迷路，所以在出发前仔细看一张好地图是很重要的。A.
study
细看；B.
display展示；C.
deliver
投递；D.
publish出版。由“It’s
easy
to
get
lost
when
you
drive
in
a
new
city，before
you
set
out”可知，study“细看”符合句意。故选A项。
17．B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小强尼摸了摸那口袋，很想知道包里面装的是什么。A.
collect收集；B.
contain包含，容纳；C.
load装载；D.
save节约，节省。由“Little
Johnny
felt
the
bag,
curious
to
know
”可知，小强尼想知道包里面装的是什么，所以contained“
包含，容纳”符合句意。故选B项。
18．A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果她不想去，你说什么也说服不了她。A.
persuade说服；B.
promise答应；C.
invite邀请；D.
support支持。根据if引导条件状语从句，If
she
doesn't
want
to
go如果她不想去，可知，这里用persuade，表示“说服，劝服”之意。故选A。
19．A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：---你在聚会上玩得开心吗?---当然。事实上，我玩得很开心，时间过得飞快。A.
go
by(时间)过去；B.
go
away走开;
C.go
out出去,熄灭。D.
go
over转变,仔细检查。根据I
had
such
fun
that
time...可判断出“我过得那么高兴以至于时间飞快地过去了”故选A项。
20．A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈小声地对我们说，你的小妹妹正在睡觉。A．whispered低语;B．shouted呼喊；C.explained
解释；D.replied
回复。根据所提供的情景“Be
quiet!
Your
little
sister’s
sleeping.”可判断出表示“妈妈小声地对我们说”。故选A项。
拓展练
1.come后加to
考查固定搭配。句意：我很高兴知道你来中国在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫。分析句子，此处come为不及物动词，后接宾语是需加相应介词。come
to
译为“来到”是故定短语。故在come
和China之间加to。
2.
forced?后面加to
考查固定句型。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be
forced
to
do
sth.被迫做某事，所以forced?后面加to。
3．．D
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：为了满足对清洁能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A.
take
up开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）；B.
clear
up整理，收拾，解决（问题）；C.
hold
up（论点、理论等）站得住脚，阻挡，举起；D.
spring
up出现，涌现。故选D。
4．D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。A.
clarify澄清；B.
justify证明；C.
satisfy
满足；D.
classify分类。根据空后garbage可知，此处指“对垃圾进行分类”。故选D。
5．D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A.
take
up占据；
B.
carry
out实施；C.
keep
on
继续；D.
put
off推迟。根据“the
one
we
have
doesn’t
work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
6．D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A.
understood
理解；B.
accepted接受；C.
compromised妥协；D.
declined谢绝。根据“saying
that
she
felt
like
walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
7．C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A.
drank
a
toast
to为……干杯；B.
played
a
joke
on开……的玩笑；C.
kept
an
eye
on照看，留意，密切注视；D.
made
an
apology
to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。
8．B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果能够证明新技术能降低生产成本，公司愿意引进。A.
look
over检查，察看；B.
bring?in引进；C.
put
aside把……放在一边，暂不考虑；D.
knock
out击倒，打破。根据“if
it
can
be
shown
to
reduce
production
costs.”可知，此处指公司引进新技术，故选B。
模拟练
1．C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生将在校门口测量温度，并且必须展示特殊的应用程序上的“绿色”健康代码，这个应用程序可计算出人的感染风险。A.
celebrates
庆祝；B.
cancels
取消；C.
calculates计算；D.
combines结合。根据句意，这里要表达的是该应用程序可以计算一个人的感染风险，故选C项。
2．C
【解析】试题分析：考查固定短语。句意：为了减肥，年轻女性更倾向于规律性地做运动而不是去吃昂贵的减肥药。hang
out闲逛;
leave
out遗漏;
work
out锻炼；解决;
figure
out解决，想出;根据句意，故选C。
考点：考查固定短语
3．B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了配着火鸡一起吃，人们经常准备其他的东西，如玉米面包、土豆泥和南瓜或苹果派。A.
come
across偶然遇见；B.
go
with和……相配；C.
search
for搜索；D.
figure
out计算出。分析句意可知，人们经常准备其他的东西是为了配着火鸡一起吃，go
with意为“和……相配”符合此处语境。故选B项。
4．A
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：每当我感到孤独或沮丧时，我总是读些书，这对我很有好处。A.
serves对某人有用；B.
suits适合；C.
favors
支持；D.
motivates
激励。serve
sb为固定搭配，意为“对某人有用”，这里指读书有用。故选A项。
5．B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们和来自不同文化的人打交道的时候，我们要求同存异。A.
register登记，注册；B.
reserve
预订，保留，拥有，保持；C.
request请求，要求；D.
restore恢复，修复。根据people
from
different
cultures及常识可知，此处指“寻求共同点和保留差异”，即求同存异。故选B。
6．C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经理制定了几条准则，希望能在工作中指导他的员工们。A.
set
in开始，发生，到来；B.
set
off出发，使爆炸，燃放，引起(某种情绪)；C.
set
out着手做，安排，制定；D.
set
aside留出，抛弃。根据several
principles可知，此处用“安排/制定”符合语境，故选C项。
7．C
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：在田里劳作时，两位农民偶然发现了一些陈旧的钱币，（后来）被证实它们来自一个位于地下的古墓。A.
came
about发生，产生；B.
came
around来访，如期而至；C.
came
across偶然发现，偶然遇见；D.
came
out原来是，上市（售卖）。结合句意，田里劳作的农民是偶然之中发现了这些来自古代的钱币，故选C。
8．A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们汇入人群的时候，我和我的朋友分开了。A.
separated
分离；B.
spared
留出；C.
lost
丢失；D.
missed想念。
be
separated
from与……分开，为固定短语。符合句意。故A正确。
9．A
【解析】考查时态。句意：一旦两个村庄之间爆发恶斗，许多人会丧生。根据“were
killed”可知，本句为一般过去时，且break
out为不及物动词短语，无被动形式。故选A项。
10．C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你在考试中作弊，你将不会侥幸逃脱惩罚。A.
get
in
with参加；B.
get
along
with和……相处；C.
get
away
with侥幸逃脱惩罚;D.
get
through通过。根据句意，故选C。
11．C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：一个优秀的球员和一个普通的球员的区别在于前者从他的错误中学习，而后者则重复它们。A.
defines规定；使明确；B.
describes描述；C.
differentiates区分；区别；D.
discourages使气馁。
根据an
excellent
player
from
an
average
one以及下文the
former和the
latter可推断，此处表示优秀球员和普通球员的区别。故选C。
12．D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她突然被一群兴奋的粉丝包围了。A.
threatened
with用……威胁；B.
replaced
with被……替换；C.
provided
with用……提供；D.
surrounded
with被……包围。由句意可知，此处指被一群兴奋的粉丝包围，be
surrounded
with（被……包围）。故选D项。
13．C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个陌生的新城市里到处转悠是件令人头疼的事。我会坐出租车，避免一切麻烦。A.
get
over克服；B.
get
on
with继续做、与……相处；C.
get
around到处转；D.
get
out
of离开。由句意可知，在一个陌生的城市到处转会令人头疼，坐出租车可避免一切麻烦。故选C项。
14．D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为发生的事情责备自己没有什么意义。你是时候继续前进了。A.
turn
out结果是；B.
pick
up捡起，学会；C.
put
down
放下；D.
move
on前进。结合上文Blaming
yourself
for
what
happened
doesn’t
make
much
sense.可知为发生的事情责备自己没有什么意义，那么本句是在强调应该“继续前进”了。故选D。
15．C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科茨博士，一位来自意大利的著名建筑师，和他的团队一起从事这个城市地标的设计。A.
committed
犯罪；B.
overcame
克服；C.
undertook
从事，承担；D.
spoiled
毁坏，破坏。根据句意可知，科茨博士和他的团队是从事城市地标设计工作。故选C项。
16．B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些学生甚至不知道帮助一个搭档作弊，他们最终可能会受到同样的惩罚。A.
come
up提出；B.
end
up以……告终；C.
put
up拖延；D.
catch
up追上。根据“by
helping
a
partner
cheat
in
a
test
”可知，他们将以受到同样惩罚告终。故选B项。
17．D
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：——她怎么能把这么重要的事情忘记了呢？——她最近完全投入工作并且筋疲力尽。A.
occupy占据；B.
cross穿过；C.
slide滑倒；D.
slip滑脱。词组：slip
one’s
mind忘记。故选D。
18．D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的高新区已经为未来五年的可持续发展制定了指导方针。A.
fallen
for听信；爱上；B.
got
over
克服；C.
broken
down抛锚；D.
laid
out制定。根据空后guidelines
for
sustainable
development
in
the
next
five
years可知，此处指“制定了指导方针”。故选D。
19．B
20．C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在医学院学习了五年之后，Jane在农村开始了医生的工作。A.
set
out出发，开始；B.
took
over
接管；C.
took
up
开始从事；D.
set
up建立。结合后文her
job
as
a
doctor
in
the
countryside可知指“开始从事”医生的工作应用短语take
up，时态为一般过去时。故选C。
