高一（上）英语必修一Unit4 Earthquakes
语法巩固（定语从句 1 关系代词）
一 用适当的关系词连接两个句子为定语从句。
1.They built the house in 1987. It stayed up in the earthquake.
____________________________________________________________________
2 The earthquake hit the city in 1906. It was the biggest in American history.
____________________________________________________________________
3 Luckily, none of the people were killed in the earthquake. I know them.
____________________________________________________________________
4 She was talking with a lady. Her son was ill.
____________________________________________________________________
5.You sent my sister a present. Thank you very much for it.
____________________________________________________________________
6 The clothes have been cleaned. I am wearing them.
____________________________________________________________________
7.He is sitting in a chair. It is broken.
____________________________________________________________________
8 She is a person. Everyone likes to make friends with her.
____________________________________________________________________
二 单项选择
1. I have read all the books________ you gave me.
A which B them C what D that
2 Do you know the actor_______ you saw playing Hamlet is coming to our city
A when B whom C whose D which
3 Tell us about the people and the places ________ are unfamiliar to us.
A that B who C which D whom
4 The longest walk________ I ever took was over 20 miles.
A which B whom C that D where
5 The man_______ I spoke to in the zoo yesterday is an engineer, a friend of my father’s
A which B who C whose D when
6 Mr zhou ,_______ native language was Chinese, could speak several foreign language.
A his B whose C which D that
7 Is this the museum______ you visited the other day
A that B where C in which D the one
8 Who is the person __________ is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower
A he B that C which D whom
9 This is the last time_________ I shall come here to help you.
A that B which C when D what
10 Many workers built shelters for survivors_______ home had been destroyed in the earthquake..
A who B whom C whose D which
三．翻译句子
1、昨天我们在街上看到的那个女孩是Tom的妹妹。
2.、他们种植一些不需要很多水的树。
3、今天早上我们买的那条鱼不够新鲜。
4、打破窗户的那个男孩叫Jim。
5、上个星期我去看了在地震中失去丈夫的那位老师。
6.、窗户朝南的那个房间是我的
四。单句改错。
1 My father often tells me the things and persons whom he met in the past.
He is the man from him I heard the news.
The building which rooms are big and clean is our teaching building.
There is not much which can be done.
This is the very film which I have long wished to see.
There is a boy student downstairs whom wants to seeyou.
Is this the new novel about that you have talked so much
He kept a record of everything what he saw there.
高一（上）英语必修一Unit4语法巩固（定语从句 1 关系代词）答案
一 用适当的关系词连接两个句子为定语从句。
1 The house which/ that they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
2 The earthquake which/that hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
3 Luckily none of the people whom I know were killed in the earthquake.
4 She was talking with a lady whose son was ill.
5 Thank you very much for the present which/that you sent to my sister.
6 I am wearing the clothes which/that have been cleaned.
7 He is sitting in a chair which/that is broken.
The chair which/that he is sitting in is broken.
8 She is a person with whom everyone likes to make friends.
二 单项选择
1—5 DBACB 6—10 BABAC
三．翻译句子
1 The girl whom we saw in the street yesterday was Tom’s sister.
2 They planted some trees which did not need much water.
3 The fish which we bought this morning were not fresh enough.
4 The boy who broke the window is called Jim.
5 Last week I went to see my teacher whose husband lost his life in the earthquake.
四。单句改错。
1 whom----that 2 him----whom 3 which---- whose 4 which---that 5 which---that 6 whom --- who 7 that--- which 8 what----that(共33张PPT)
Unit 4
3rd period
Hongling Middle School Liu Xiaohua
Learning about language
&
Grammar
1.A great part of the city was d________in the earthquake.
2.The e________should be cut off in the earthquake.
3.I felt everything s______during the earthquake.
4.The firemen r______ a baby from the burning house.
5.He was badly i______ in the accident.
6. She _______(蒙住) her face in her hands and cried.
7. There were a lot of fish in the _____(池)
8. She looked _____(清新的； 气色好的) whenever
I saw her.
9. The fish is a bit______(味道). We can’t eat it.
10. They are planning to build a _____ (运河) through
the desert.
destroyed
electricity
shaking
rescued
injured
buried
pond
fresh
smelly
canal
destroy , rescue, strange, much, earthquake,
shake, bury, fall, team, trap
Several days before July 28, 1976, many s______ things
happed in Tanshan. They were signs for the e_________.
But people in the city of Tangshan didn’t think m____ of
these. At 3: 42 am that day, the earth began to s_____,
which d________ the city. Many people, including workers
and doctors, came to r_____ those t______ under the ruins.
Later that afternoon, another big earthquake struck
Tangshan. More people were killed or injured and more
building f____down. Soldiers were called in to help the
rescue workers. T______ were organized to dig out the
trapped and b ___ the dead.
strange
earthquake
much
shake
destroyed
rescue
trapped
fell
Teams
bury
Restrictive Attributive Clause &
Non- restrictive Attributive Clauses
1. But the one million people of the city, who thought
little of these events, went to bed as usual that nigh.
2. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred
kilometers away.
3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and
thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.
4. The number of people who were killed or injured
reached more than 400,000.
5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were
trapped and to bury the dead.
6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes
had been destroyed.
Restrictive Attributive Clause
Look at the following sentences
and try to understand the meaning of them.
1.The man who robbed him has been arrested.
2.The girl whom I saw told me to come back again
today.
3.That’s the best hotel ( that ) I know.
4.These are the books ( which ) you ordered.
5.The friend with whom I was traveling spoke French.
6.At the time when I saw him, he was quite strong.
7. This is the village where I was born.
8. These are the reason why we do it.
9. Have you got the postcard (which) I sent you
10. These are the things (that) you need.
11. Anything I can do for you
12. All you have to do is to fill out this form.
13. That’s the only thing we can do now.
14. You can take any room you like.
Is there anything that I can do for you
Non- restrictive Attributive Clauses
Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested
stopping at the next town.
2. This house, for which he paid $ 150,000, is now
worth $ 300,000
3. They went to the theatre, where they saw Hero.
4. Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to
work.
5. His house, whose windows were all broken,
was a depressing sight
6. It was an island, whose name I have forgotten..
the handsome
the tall
the strong
the clever
the naughty
boy
The boy is Tom.
The boy who is handsome is Tom.
The boy who is tall is Tom.
The boy who is strong is Tom
The boy who is clever is Tom
The boy who is naughty is Tom.
The woman got the job.
The woman can speak Russian.
The woman who can speak Russian
got the job.
The teacher will give us a talk.
The teacher is famous.
The teacher who is famous will
give us a talk.
The lady stepped on his foot.
He was dancing with the lady.
The lady (whom) he was dancing with
stepped on his foot.
Do you know the man
You will visit him today.
Do you know the man (whom )you will
visit today
The lady with whom he was dancing
stepped on his foot.
关系代词:
1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,
如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.
apple
the red
the green
the small
the big
The apple which is red is mine.
The apple which is green is yours.
The apple which is red is small.
The apple which is green is big.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat.
The goat is eating her flowers.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which
is eating her flowers.
Can you lend me the book
You talked about it last night.
Can you lend me the book (which) you
talked about last night.
Can you lend me the book about which
you talked last night
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略,
如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted
last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is
made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from
Is this the library from which you borrow
books
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly.
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
注意：介词提前时只能用which 而不能用that 。
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine that can fly.
Is this the library from which you borrow books
from that
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
(5) 先行词是who或who引导的主句。
Who is the girl that drove the car Who that broke the window will be punished.
(6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing.
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world.
We met her yesterday.
The scientist we met yesterday is very famous
who in the world.
whom
that
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
(3) He is the kind person.
I have ever worked with him.
(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
He is the kind person that I have ever worked with.
who
whom
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用which而不用that。
(1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）
Those are many trees under (which) they can have a rest.
(2) 在非限制性定语从句中
Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.
1 . whose 既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导
非限制性定语从句。
My uncle whose office we have just passed , is a lawyer .
Once there was a wise king whose name was Alfred .
2. whose 代指“……的”，既可以指人，也可以指物。
Look at the building , whose roof is white .
The girl lives in the house , whose windows face south .
whose 在定语从句中的用法
1.He made another wonderful discovery, ____
was more than we could expect.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is
C. which I think it D. I think which is
2. --- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
--Is that the reason ____ you had a few days off
A. why B. when C. what D. where
3. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single
person____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
4. All of the flowers now raised here have
developed from those ____ in the forest.
A. once the grew B. they grew once
C. that once grew D. once grew.
5. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that
C. the way which D. the way of which
6. the weather turned out to be very good, ____
was more than we expected.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
7. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten window;
most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for ten years.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
Fill in the banks with who, whose, which and that.
1. The girls ____ served in the shop were the owner’s
daughter.
2. The man ___ I saw told me to come back today.
3. The girl ___ spoke is my best friend.
4. The man with ___ I was traveling didn’t speak English.
5. The man ____ I saw told me to wait.
6. The girl ____ I spoke to was a student.
7. The man to ____ I spoke was a foreigner.
8. The man from ___ I bought it told me to read the
instructions.
9.I know a boy ____ father is an acrobat.( 杂技演员 )
10. He saw a house ___ windows were all broken.
11. All the apples ____ fall are eaten by wild boars.
12. Can you think of anyone ____ could look after him
13. This is the best hotel ____ I know.
14. He showed a machine ____ parts are too small to be
seen.
15. You can take any room ____ you like.
Homework
1. Finish the Summing up and
Learning Tip on Page 32.
2. Finish the exercises 1 and 2
on page 64.Unit4 Earthquakes-Grammar教案
1．Teaching objectives
Learn to use direct speech and indirect speech
2. Teaching important point
Summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.
3. Teaching difficult point
Learn about the special cases in which the tenses shouldn’t be changed.
4. Teaching methods
Discussing, summarizing and practicing.
5. Teaching procedures
Step1 Lead in
T: In the last lesson, we learned Anne Frank’s story. She is telling her stories to two of her friends—you and Tom. Tom has something wrong with his ears, so you have to repeat Anne’s sentences, using indirect speech. Sometimes you explain Tom’s sentences to Anne.
“I have to stay in the hiding place.” said Anne. →
Anne said she had to stay in the hiding place.
“Do you feel sad when you are not able to go outdoors ” Tom asked Anne. →
Tom asked Anne if/whether she felt sad when she was not able to go outdoors.
“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne.→
Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.
“What do you call your diary ” Tom asked. →
Tom asked what she called her diary.
Ss go on this topic by themselves.
Step2 Grammar
T: Now let’s look at these sentences again. If we want to change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech, what should be changed
Ss discuss by themselves.
Ss: sentence structures, tenses, pronouns, adverbials of time and place and verbs should be changed.
T: Quite right. Look at the form on the screen. These are the rules.
直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that 引导。例如：
She said, "I am very happy to help you."→
She said that she was very happy to help you.
2. 直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if 引导。例如：
He asked me, "Do you like playing football "→
He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.
注意：大多数情况下，if和whether 可以互换，但后有or not,或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。例如：
She asked me whether he could do it or not.
3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。例如：
My sister asked me, "How do you like the film "→
My sister asked me how I liked the film.
4. 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。例如：
The captain ordered, "Be quiet."→
The captain ordered us to be quiet.
注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。
My teacher asked me, "Don't laugh."→
My teacher asked me not to laugh.
5. 一些注意事项
(1)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：
He asked Lucy, "Where did you go "→
He asked Lucy where she went.
Tom said, "What do you want, Ann "→
Tom asked Ann what she wanted.
(2)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如：
They told their son, "The earth goes round the sun."→
They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
(3)直接引语变间接引语时， 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。例如：
He said, "I haven't seen her today."→
He said that he hadn't seen her that day.
注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Present past
Past past and past perfect
Present perfect past perfect
Past perfect past perfect
Present continuous past continuous
Step3 practice
T: Turn to Page 5. Please change the following direct speech into indirect speech and indirect into direct.
“I’m going to hide from the Germans,” Anne said.
“I don’t know the address of my new home,” said Anne.
“I cannot ask my father because it is not safe to know,” she said.
“I had to pack up my things very quickly,” the girl said.
“Why did you choose your diary and old letters ” Dad asked her.
Mum asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.
Margot asked her what else she had got.
Anne asked her father when they would go back home.
Anne asked her sister how she could see her friends.
Mother asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before.
Step4 Correcting mistakes
T analyses the common mistakes Ss have made during the practice.
T: Now let’s look at the screen and pay attention to these sentences. Choose the right sentence and tell me why the other one is wrong.
Step5 A game
Play a guessing game “who is my secret friend ” One student comes to the front with his partner.
The rest students ask him questions while his partner changes them into indirect speech. In the end, the person who has guessed the right answer can come to the front to take the place of the first student .So the game goes on.
Suggested sentences:
Can your friend speak
What does he/she wear today
Is he/she tall or short
What do you and your friend do in your free time
Do you quarrel with each other ...
Step6 Homework
Do Exercise1 on Page 42. Here is another page of Anne’s diary. Read it through and then use indirect speech to retell the story.Unit4 Earthquakes-Grammar学案
the attributive clauses 定语从句
Sentences translation (English into Chinese)
But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. (Line 8)
It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. (Line 11)
A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. (Line 13)
The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. (Line 16)
Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. (Line 24)
The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. (Line 32)
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (Line 35)
The powerful earthquake of Tangshan happened in the city of Tangshan, Hebei Province on July 28th, 1976, which caused more than 240,000 deaths and the whole city was destroyed. (Best English P35)
However, they can warn people who live in these areas by prediction, in advance to take precautions against such disasters. (Best English P35)
Summary of the rules of the attributive clauses
1. 关系代词/副词
关系代词/副词 在从句中的成分 所指代的先行词 例 句
who /whom 主语/宾语（可省） 指人 He who laughs last laughs best.This is the boy (whom /who) you saw yesterday.
which 主语/宾语（可省） 指物/事 A thing which was bitter to endure may be sweet to remember.
that 主语/宾语（可省） 指物/事 The panda that is chosen Dragon Warrior is big and fat.
指人 They that know nothing fear nothing.
whose 定语（某…的） 指人 Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
指物/事 The book whose cover is blue is mine.
when 时间状语 时间 I’ll never forget the day when the earthquake happened.
where 地点状语 地点 This is the place where we first met.
why 原因状语 原因 The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus.
2．只用that不用which的情况
当先行词是
1）不定代词all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one等时
e.g. You can take any seat that is free.
We should do all that is useful to the people.
2）被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时；
e.g. It is the only thing that we can do.
3）是或被序数词the first /second /third…所修饰时；
e.g. This is the first place that I want to visit.
4）被形容词最高级所修饰时；
e.g. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
5）同时指人和事/物时；
e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.
6）主句以there be 开头时
e.g. There is the matter that I can do.
3．只用which不用that的情况
1）介词后
2）逗号后，即非限定性定语从句中
3）句中已经有that的时候
e.g. That which is evil is soon learnt. 学坏容易。
4．whose = the +名词+ of + which/whom 指“某人/物的”
when = at /in /on 等介词+which
where =at /in /on /from /to等介词+which
why =介词for + which
English proverbs
1. He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。
2. Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.
家居玻璃房，切忌乱扔石。（自己有弱点，勿揭他人短。）
3. When in Rome do as the Romans do.（入乡随俗）
4. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
5. He who has a lazy hand has an empty mouth.手懒饿肚皮。
6. He that loses his honesty has nothing失去诚实就失去了一切
7. God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。
8. He who does not advance loses ground. (=anyone who does not advance loses ground.)
逆水行舟，不进则退。
9. He who laughs on Friday will weep on Sunday. 乐极必生悲。
10. They who cannot do as they would must do as they can. 事不由己，也需努力。
Translation (Chinese into English)
我们这个单元学习的课文是关于地震的。地震前几天，会发生一些奇怪的现象，如变得反常的（abnormal）水井、动物、气候等。接着，一场突发其来却似乎使世界到了末日的大地震仅持续十几秒。这场大灾难使人们平静生活了多年的城市顷刻间成了一片废墟。幸好，救援人员及时赶到，挖出受困的人们，并为那些家园被毁的幸存者搭建避难所。慢慢地，这座城市又出现了生机。
定语从句练习
一、选择题
1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother
A. who B. which C. whose D. /
2. This is the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom
A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C
3. He was the only one ______ was saved in the earthquake.
A. who B. that C. which D. A and B
4. This is the only present _____ I like.
A. who B. that C. which D. B and C
5. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen.
A. which B. who C. where D. /
6. All _______ I can do is to give him some money.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
7. Is there anything else _____ you need
A. which B. that C. who D. what
8. The museum _____ we visited last week isn’t far from here.
A. where B. which C. what D. who
9. Where is the scientist _____ gave us the talk yesterday
A. which B. who C. what D. /
10. Most of the people ____ lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives.
A. when B. who C. how D. which
11. Do you think most students prefer tests ____ have easy questions
A. who B. where C. when D. that
12. My mum prefers music ____ quiet and gentle.
A. that are B. that is C. which has D. whose is
13. The boy ____ you saw just now is Tom’s brother.
A. which B. whose C. when D. /
14. The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman.
A. which B. that C. it D. whom
15. She was becoming fat, ______ bothered her very much.
A. which B. that C. it D. of whom
16. The Amazon(亚马逊河), ______ lies in the Andes(安第斯山脉) is the world’s longest river.
A. its source B. which source C. whose source D. the source of it
17. The reason ______ I can’t come is _______ I have to work late.
A. for, why B. why, because C. because, that D. why, that
18. Who is that man _____ is telling the children a story
A. who B. whom C. that D. whoever
19. She tells us that Lao Wang is a person _______ we can learn a lot.
A. whom B. that C. from whom D. about whom
20. Is this the factory _____ you worked five years ago
A. in which B. in where C. in that D. that
二、用适当的关系代词填空
1. Do you like the present _______ I bought you yesterday
2. The storybook _______ was written by his uncle is quite interesting.
3. The boy _______ computer doesn’t work well needs your help.
4. This is the best movie _______ we have seen this year.
5. The doctor _______ we met in the street is from America.
6. The passengers and the suitcases _______ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane.
7. Who is the girl _______ you want to make friends with
8. This is the last lesson _______ Mr. Smith taught us.
9. I, _____ am your friend, will help you out.
The building ___________ wall is white is my uncle’s house.
The boy _______ John spoke with is my brother.
Will you please lend me the very picture _________ you bought yesterday
The students ________ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.
The season _________ comes after spring is summer.
This is the first museum __________ we visited last Saturday.
The girl ________ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital.
I found some photos of interesting places _________ were not far away from our city.
There is a boy downstairs _________ want to see you.
The river ________ banks are covered with trees is very long.
I’m going to meet Tom ______ they say is a good boy.
Key:
一、1-5 ADDBD 6-10 ABBBB 11-15 DBDBA 16-20 CDCCA
二、1. that / which / 不填 2. that / which 3. whose 4. that / 不填 5. whom / who / that / 不填 6. that 7. that / 不填 8. that / 不填 9. who 10. whose 11. who/ whom 12. that /不填 13. who /whom /that/不填 14. that /which 15. that 16. whose 17. that / which 18. who / that 19. whose 20. who/ whom/ that
