高一（上）英语必修一Unit4 Earthquakes
基础词汇巩固
词性转换
1. nation .n ________ adj 2. dirt vt __________adj
3. extreme adj _________ adv 4. injure vt. __________ adj __________n
5. use vt __________adj ___________adj 6. electricity n. ___________adj.
7. frighten vt___________adj 8 express vt___________n __________adj
9 . judge vt. ____________ n 10 suffer vt____________ n
二单词填空
It is an area where natural __________（灾难）often happen.
The firemen ___________(营救) the boy from the burning house.
Teachers have ___________ (表达) concern about the emphasis on testing.
The hurricane left the whole city in __________(严重受损)
A great many houses were _________(破坏)in the earthquakes and many people became homeless.
The machine is driven by e_______________.
We b_______ into laughter when we heard the funny story.
Many men were b_______ underground when the accident at the mine happened.
The sun r_______ in the east every day.
When food goes bad, it becomes s___________.
Back from the cinema, the couple were s__________ on seeing their house broken in.
They o__________ the youths to form a group to protect the environment.
The soldiers t__________ their enemies and forced them to give in.
B________ are still a main kind of building material now.
When water is heated to 100℃, s________ comes out from it.
三 选择词组填空
right away, as if, in ruins, dig out , be buried in , suffer from, be proud of even if , a great number of , at an end , be trapped in , in the end
She was __________her son. He did well at university and now is a doctor.
The house began to shake , so all the students must leave the house __________.
In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay _____________.
He acted_________ he was a doctor.
Since she left, he is ____________ his work.
My father has _____________ his heart illness for about 20 years.
The year is ________________.
Such _______________people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.
The soldiers organized teams to ________ those persons who were__________ the danger.
四 单项选择
1 Weifang is well-known________ its beautiful kites of different kinds.
A as B for C to D in
2 ________ last term we had finished our experiments.
A At the end of B In the end C By the end of D At an end
3 He is in hospital now after he was _________in the accident.
A injured B hurt C wounded D harmed
4 We were ________ at their leaving without saying anything.
A injured B hurt C wounded D harmed
5 The level of the water in the river_________ after the heavy rain.
A raise B raised C rise D rose
6 Her head was ______ in the book she was reading.
A devoted B raised C buried D trapped
7 __ Our food will _______. Hurry to get help from the nearby village.
__ No need. It will last us for as long as two weeks.
A give out B give off C give away D give in
8 In that big fire all their houses were _________, so they had to build new ones.
A hurt B harmed C destroyed D fallen
9 Washington , D. C. , a state in the United States , was named __________ one of the greatest American presidents.
A in honour of B instead of C in favour of D by means of
10 _______ children whose parents had died in the earthquake ______ sent to live with families in other cities.
A A great number of, was B A great number of , were
C The great number of , was D The great number of , were
五 句子翻译
1 去年他们一直用蜡烛，没有用电。 ( instead of)
那位科学家对此事一无所知，因为他一直在做他的研究工作。( be buried in)
地震之后，那座城市成了废墟。(in ruins)
他在田里挖出了一箱的钱。 ( dig out)
她对她的孩子们的成功感到非常自豪。( be proud of)
必修一Unit4基础词汇巩固 答案
一
national , dirty, extremely, injured , injury, useful, useless, electric, frightened
expression, expressive, judgment, suffering
二
disasters, rescued, expressed, ruins, destroyed, electricity, burst, buried
rises, smelly, shocked, organized, trapped , Bricks, steam
三
proud of , right away, in ruins, as if, buried in, suffered from
at an end, a great number of , dig out , trapped in
四
1—5 BCABD 6—10 CACAB
五
1 last year they were using candles all the time instead of electricity.
2 That scientist knew nothing about the matter , because he was always buried in his study.
3 After the earthquake, the whole city lay/was in ruins.
4 He dug out a box of money in the field.
5 She was very proud of her children’ s success.(共20张PPT)
Unit 4 Earthquakes
languages points
1.It seemed that the world was at an end.
似乎世界末日来临
@at en end 结束;终结
at the end (of ) :在……末尾，指时间和空间
by the end of :到……末为止
in the end : 最后，最终，不与of 连用
Para 2
区分: at the end of;by the end of; in the end.
There is a big bookstore _____ this road.
There is a pretty bird singing _____ the tree.
How many English words had you learned ____ __
____________ last term.
He will be a scientist _____.
My father will return home _____ ______ this year.
at the end of
at the end of
by the end of
in the end
at the end of
bring/put ….to an end 使终止
come to an end. 结束
end up with 以….而告终
其他词组：
2.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins
在可怕的十五秒钟内,一座大城市变为废墟.
@ruin n.废墟(c.n),毁灭(u.n) Vt. 使毁灭
in ruins 荒芜的,成为废墟,一般用作表语
战争给这个国家带来了毁灭
The war brought ruin to the country.
Our plan is in ruins
我们的计划泡汤了
暴风雨摧毁了农作物
The storm ruined the crops.
3.Two-thirds of the people died or were injured
during the earthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死
亡或受伤
injure vt.损害,受伤 adj. injured 受伤的,受委屈的
He can't play today because he's injured his knee.
因为伤了膝盖，他今天不能比赛。
Among the dead and injured,there were six children.
死伤的人中，有六名儿童。
辨析:hurt,injure,wound
hurt受伤的一般用语,常指心灵的伤害,也可指身体
的受伤或疼痛.
wound指战场上的刀伤或枪伤
damage 指对物体的破坏或损坏
injure 一般指由于意外或事故而受伤,也可以表示
“损害名誉,伤害感情等”
His words ______her feelings.
It ______the eyes to read in the sun.
More than 200 people were _________in the car
accident.
The soldiers were __________-in the battle.
hurt
hurts
injured
wounded
4. The number of people who were killed or injured
reached more than 400 000.
伤亡的人数达到400 000.
He sent his son to join the army as soon as he
reached 18.
Your letter of August 24 only reached me today.
We’ve got to reach an agreement about this
question.
The boy wasn’t tall enough to reach the branches.
The park reaches as far as the river.
达到(指某种数目)
抵达,传到
达成(协议)得出(结论)
伸手够到(某物)
vi.延伸
1. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was
destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看,哪里一切都几乎被
毁坏了.
everywhere=wherever =no matter where 在这里做连词用,引导状语从句.如:
无论他去哪，他的狗都跟着他。
Everywhere he goes,his dogs follows him.
Para 3
2.Tens of thousands of cows never give milk again
数以万计的奶牛再也不产奶了
@tens of thousands of 数以万计的
hundreds and hundreds of 成百上千的
hundreds of thousands 数以十万计的
thousands of 数千计的
millions of 数百万计的
scores of 许许多多的
dozens of 许多，大量
3. People were shocked. 人们感到震惊.
.
I was shocked at the news of her death.
He was shocked to know he had been cheated
Liu xiang shocked the whole world
(2)n. 打击,震惊,休克
The shock of the failure in the exam made her ill.
It gave me quite a shock to learn that he had married again.
The patient went into another shock.
@shock vt.&n.
(1)vt. Cause a shock to sb.使某人吃惊,使愤慨
4. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were
trapped under the ruins. 有些救援人员和医生被
困在废墟中
(1)rescue vt. 援救;营救 rescue sb from sb/sth
救出一孩子免于溺毙
rescue a child from drowning
解放军战士从即将倒塌的房子中救出了那位老太。
The PLA man rescued the old lady from the falling
house.
(2)n. 援救, 营救
a rescue team; a rescue mission.
救援队；营救任务
@trap (trapped,trapped) n.陷阱，圈套
vt. 使受限制(困)于;诱骗
The car was trapped in the deep snow.
5.people began to wonder how long the disaster
would last. 人们开始困惑这灾难要持续多久
@disaster (c.n.)灾难,灾祸,灾害
adj. disastrous
adv. disastrously
1. The army organized teams to dig out those who
are trapped and to bury the dead. 军队组成救援队
挖掘那些受困的人们并埋葬死者。
Para 4
bury vt. (1)place (a dead body) in the ground埋葬
eg: He was buried with his wife.
(2)hide 掩埋 隐藏,
Our dog buries its bones in the garden.
She buried her face in her hands and wept.
她双手掩面哭了起来.
(3)短语:bury oneself in the country 隐居乡间
bury oneself in sth 埋头于某事物,专心致志于某事
be buried in thoughts/memories of the past
沉思/回忆往事
@dig out 掘出;发现 eg:
他把狐狸从洞中掘出来了，
He dug out the fox from/dug the fox out of the hole.
to dig information out of books 从书本挖掘知识
to dig out truth 寻求真理
2.To the north of the city,most of the 10 000
miners were rescued from the coal mines.
在城市的北部,一万矿工中的大多数从矿井中被救
出。
@表方位介词in,to与on
in表示“在其中”,在境内;to表示“向”的意思,在境外
on 表示与境界相接.
Japan lies ____ the east of Asia.
Japan lies ____ the east of China.
Fujian lies ______the northeast of Guangdong.
in
to
on
3.Fresh water was taken to the city by train……
@fresh adj.新鲜的, 无经验的, 生的,(水)淡的
fresh water------------salt water
fresh fruit/air/vegetables
a fresh hand(新手,初学者)Unit4 Earthquakes-vocabulary&Expressions学案
I．Important words:
1、burst vi. 爆裂 ( burst , burst )
n. 突然爆裂，爆发
eg: Water-pipes often burst in cold weather .
水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。
﹝搭配﹞
① burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然···起来
burst into laughter = burst out laughing 放声大笑
burst into tears =burst out crying 放声大哭
② burst into \ break into the room 破门而入
﹝即学即练﹞
The police A the room and caught the murder.
A. burst into B. entered into
C. looked into D. shouted at
③ a burst of anger 一阵发怒
2、ruin
（1）n. 废墟，毁灭
eg: We saw the ruins of the church .
我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。
（2）vt. 毁灭，使破产
﹝搭配﹞
① be \lie in ruins 破败不堪
eg: The building is in ruins.
那座建筑物已成断壁残垣。
② fall into ruins 成为废墟
﹝辨析﹞ ruin \ destroy \ damage
ruin 指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，也可以指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
destroy 指彻底毁坏，不能修复。
damage 指局部损坏，但可以修复。
填空：
（1）The building was completely destroyed by fire.
（2）His car hit a tree by the roadside and was damaged . So he had to have it repaired.
（3）My new shoes get ruined in the mud.
3、injure vt. 损害，伤害
eg:① Smoking will injure your health.
吸烟会损害你的健康。
② He get injured in a traffic accident last year.
去年他在一次交通事故中受了伤。
﹝辨析﹞ injure, hurt, wound
injure 常指偶然事故对人造成的“损害”。
hurt v.受伤，伤害。常用于口语，主要指肉体或感情上所受到的伤害，也含有“疼痛（vi.）”的意思。
wound vt. 伤，伤害。& n.伤，伤口。指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中、战斗中受伤。
填空：
① He got wounded in the war.
② He didn’t want to hurt her feelings.
③ Yesterday my leg hurt .
④ Tom fell down from the tree and injured/hurt his legs.
4、shock v. (使)震惊，震动 U n. 休克，打击，震惊
C n. 令人震惊的事
﹝派生词﹞ shocked adj. 震惊的
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
﹝搭配﹞① be shocked at (doing) sth. 对（做）某事感到震惊
② be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事
eg: ① The child’s bad language shocked everyone （使大家都感到震惊）。
② He was shocked at her smoking.
他对她的抽烟感到震惊。
③ The news of his wife’s death was a great shock to him.（一个沉重的打击）
④ All of the people present felt shocked at the shocking news. 所有在场的人们对这个令人震惊的消息感到震惊。
5、judge n.裁判员，法官 vt. 断定，判断，判决
eg: You can’t judge a person by his appearance.
你不能以貌取人。
﹝搭配﹞ ① judge sb.\ sth. (to be) + n.\ adj. 判决···，判断···
② judging from 根据···来判断
eg: ① The court judged him guilty .
法庭判据他有罪。
② I judge it better to tell her.
我认为最好告诉他。
③ Judging from his looks, he is a kind man.
根据他的相貌来判断，他是一个好人。
Ⅱ、Important phrases:
1、as if = as though 好像，似乎
（1）如果as if 从句表示的事情可能是真实的，通常使用陈述语气。
eg: ① It looks as if it is going to rain.
天似乎要下雨了。
② It sounds as if somebody is knocking at the door.
听起来好像有人在敲门。
（2）如果as if 从句表示的内容与事实相反或是一种假想，通常使用虚拟语气。
a.从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
b.从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done.
c.从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would\ could\ might + 动词原形。
eg:①(95年全国) When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it C .
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
② She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.
她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
③ She learns English so hard as if she would go to the U.S.A.
她学英语如此努力好像她要去美国似的。
（3）as if 后面可直接加doing\ to do\ adj.
eg:① She stood at the door as if waiting for someone.
她站在门口好像在等某人。
② He opened his mouth as if to say something.
他张开口，好像要说话似的。
③ She left the room as if angry.
她离开了房间，好像很生气。
2、at an end 结束，终结（常作表语）
eg: The war was finally at an end.
战争终于结束了。
﹝拓展﹞ at the end of 在···尽头，在···末尾
by the end of 到···为止
in the end 最后，终于
make ends meet 收支相抵
come to an end 结束
3、a (great) number of 许多，大量的 （后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数）
eg: A number of students were against the plan.
许多学生反对这个计划。
﹝拓展﹞① many, a great\ good many, hundreds of, thousands of, millions of, (quite) a few + 可数名词复数
② much, a great deal of, (quite) a little + 不可数名词
③ plenty of, a lot of, lots of + 可数名词复数\不可数名词
﹝巩固运用﹞ The number of people invited B 50, but a number of them .
absent.
A. was; was B. was; were
C. were; was D. were; wereUnit 4 Earthquakes
1.shake vi. & vt.
(1)My hands shook during the exam.
vi. 摇动，摇撼，颤抖
(2)The earthquake shook the lights.
vt.使摇动
(3)vt.使受震撼，使（信念等）动摇 be shaken by/with/at
辨析：
易混词 辨析 例句
tremble 指人因感情激动、寒冷、惧怕等引起的身体颤动。 The boy trembled with fear.
shake 作“颤抖”讲时与tremble同义。它还有“握手，摇头或捧腹大笑”的意思。 The earthquake shook the lights.
2.right away
“立刻，马上”的表达方式：right away, without delay, right now, straight away, at once, in no time, immediately
3.well
-- You don’t look very ____. Are you ill
-- No, I’m just a bit tired.
A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy
(1)adj.健康的
(2)n.井，水井；油井；气井
(3)adv.熟练地，有效地，令人满意地；很，非常 very/rather/fairly/quite/pretty well
4.too…to…
具有否定意义，常用not…enough to…和so…that…句型结构改写。
I am too old to understand the cartoon.
=I am not young enough to understand the cartoon.
=I am so old that I can’t understand the cartoon.
(1)e.g. I’m only too delighted to be here.
当too前有副词far, much, but, only等词修饰时，此结构没有否定意义，而表示肯定，意为“非常，十分……”，too后的形容词多是表示某种心情的，如happy, pleased, willing, thankful, anxious, eager, delighted等。
(2)e.g. It’s never too late to learn.
当too前有否定词时，此结构表示肯定。
(3)too+ adj. +for sb./sth. 表示“太……，不适合……”
5.burst
burst forth突然出现 burst into突然闯入 burst out冒出
burst upon突然展现 burst open突然开了
6.event
事件，大事；项目，赛事
all the events/in any event无论如何 in the event结果，到头来 after the event事后
in the event that/of…倘若，万一 in that event/in that case如果那样的话
辨析：
易混词 辨析 例句
accident 意外事故。 car accident
incident 附带的小事件，事端；政变。 July 7th incident
event 重大的事件。 What were the chief events of last year
7.directly
(1)adv.径直地；坦率地；直接地；立刻
e.g. The bus goes directly to HK.
(2)conj.一……就……引导时间状语从句
Directly he went out he was caught.
8.ruin
in ruins 严重受损 fall into ruins成为废墟
ruin＞destroy＞damage
9.extreme
(1)adj.极度的，严重的；极端的，偏激的；过分的
extreme weather conditions极端恶劣的天气状况 extreme sports极限运动
(2)n.[C]极端不同的感情（情况或行为方式）；完全相反的事物
[U]极端，极度，极限
extremes of cold, wind or rain严寒、狂风、骤雨 take sth. to extremes采取极端行为
10.injure受伤，伤害
辨析：
易混词 辨析 例句
hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体，也可指精神、感情 I don’t want to hurt you.
injure 健康、成就、容貌，强调功能的丧失 A bullet injured his left leg.
wound 枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，尤指战场上所受的伤 The soldier was wounded badly.
harm 伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等 Smoking seriously harmed his health.
11.cover
(1)盖，覆盖，掩盖
e.g. I covered the novel with my English book.
The novel was covered with my English book.
cover sth. with sth.用某物盖某物（表动作） be covered with被……盖着（表状态）
(2)占有（多少面积）；包含，包括
Our orchards cover an area of 1000 mu.
(3)报道
CCTV covered the whole game.
(4)走完（一段路程）
The Red Army covered 25,000 li during the Long March.
(5)掩护
12.trap vt. & n.
be trapped in困在……中，陷在……中 trap sb. into doing sth.陷害（诱骗）某人做某事
13.wonder
(1)对（某事）感到惊讶，不能相信
wonder +about/at/to do/that-clause
e.g. Sometimes I wonder about their behavior.
(2)对（某事）感到疑惑；想要知道
wonder +if/whether/wh- + to do/wh- 从句
(3)惊叹，惊奇，诧异
I am filled with wonder.
(4)奇观，奇才
The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders in the world.
14.dig
dig out挖出，翻找出 dig up翻挖；找出，查明 dig into深入钻研；挖掘
dig at钻研；挖苦（嘲笑） dig through挖通
15.bury
e.g. I bury myself in puzzling games.
bury oneself in= be buried in埋头于……，专心于……
16.shelter
(1)庇护所，避难所；遮蔽物
(2)庇护，遮蔽，掩蔽
e.g. Their immediate need is for food, clothing and shelter.
(3)提供庇护（所）
e.g. The wooden house sheltered us from the wind.
take shelter from躲避…… run for shelter找躲避处
shelter sb./sth. from庇护某人、某物以免……
under the shelter of在……庇护下，受……的保护
17.breathe 呼吸；低声说
e.g. “I’m here,” she breathed.
18.while conj.
(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”“在……期间”
(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“与……同时”
e.g. You may go singing while I am doing my homework.
(3)引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”“尽管”
____ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
A. If B. While C. Because D. As
(4)用作并列连词，表示前后两个分居之间的对比，意为“然而”
辨析：
易混词 辨析 例句
while 作“当……时候”讲时，只能与延续性动词连用。 While he was reading, he fell asleep.
when 作“当……时候”讲时，既可与延续性动词连用也可与瞬间动词连用。 When mom came in, I was reading the novel.When I was sleeping, a thief broke in.
as 强调主从据谓语动词表示的动作同时进行，意为“一边……一边……”。它还有“随着……”的意思。 I looked behind from time to time as I walked.As time went by, I became more and more nervous.
19.title
(1)n.[C]标题，题目
(2)n.[C]职位名称；职称
(3)vt.加标题，订题目
e.g. My book was titled “Windy’s fantasy world”.
20.give
give out发布；用光；精疲力竭；发出；散发 give away送掉；捐赠；表露
give in让步；屈服，投降；交上 give back返还，归还；恢复
give off发出（气味、光、热、声等） give up放弃；戒掉；交出，让出
21.congratulation
(1)congratulation作“贺词”讲或单独使用时常用复数形式
(2)表示因某事向某人祝贺时常用（offer one’s）congratulations to sb. on sth.
(3)congratulation用于成功、结婚、毕业等个人性的祝贺，不用于节日致词，还可用作抽象意义但不用复数形式。
I received many letters of congratulation.
congratulate sb. on sth. congratulate oneself on/that暗自庆幸
辨析：
易混词 辨析 例句
congratulate 意为“祝贺”，为个人间行为，常用于congratulate sb. on sth.中其名词形式为congratulation,常用复数形式。 We congratulated him on his passing the exam.
celebrate 意为“庆祝”，后面常接生日、胜利、纪念日之类的名词，通常以多人参加的某种形式进行。其名词形式是celebration，意为“庆祝，庆祝会”，可数名词。 Thousands of people attended the celebration of National Day in Tian’anmen Square.
