Unit 3 Travel Journal (Grammar)
——将来时的六种表达法
will/ shall do (will可用于第一、二、三人称，shall只用于第一人称)
(1) 这种将来意义常常夹杂着情态意义，即带有说话人的主观态度和看法。
e.g. You will fail the test if you don’t work hard.
(2) 有时既表示将来，也含有“意愿”或“意图”。
e.g. I will meet you at 6 o’clock.
(3) 在疑问句中will/ shall还可用来征询听话人的“意图”。
e.g. Will you be at home at seven this evening
--- Will you marry me --- Yes, I will.
be going to do
(1) 表示“意图”，即打算在将来做某事。
e.g. I’m going to play basketball after school.
They are going to marry next month.
I’m going to be a doctor.
(2) 表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明要发生某种情况。
e.g. The sky is so dark. It’s going to rain.
△ will/ shall do和be going to do
(1) 两者都可表示“意图”，有时两者可以互换使用。
e.g. I won’t tell him about it. = I’m not going to tell him about it.
(2) 表示“意图”时，be going to do表示的“意图”通常是事先经过考虑的，
而will/ shall do所表示的“意图”则是说话时临时想到的，因此在某些特
定的语境中，两者不可互换使用。
e.g. --- I’m going to play basketball after school.
--- Really I will go with you.
be doing
这一结构的主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于表示位置转移的动词，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等，也可用于其它动态动词。
e.g. The plane is taking off at 5:30.
How are you going there ------ by air or by train
△ be going to do和be doing
(1) be going to do和be doing都可表示决定要做某事，两者在某些语境中可以
互换使用。
e.g. We are having fish for supper. = We are going to have fish for supper.
We are leaving soon. = We are going to leave soon.
<1>
I’m taking my students to the park on next Sunday.
= I’m going to take my students to the park on next Sunday.
(2) 如果动词为come或go，在表示将来时，常用be doing结构。
e.g. We’re going to Shanghai next week. (to是介词)
be to do
(1) 表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常见于报纸和广播，用以宣布官方
的计划或决定。
e.g. The Queen is to visit Vietnam next month.
(2) 表示命令、禁止（否定式）等。
e.g. Since you’ve done something wrong, you are to stand here.
If you are late, you are to stand outside the door.
Tell her that she is not to be back late.
△ be doing和be to do都可以表示按计划、安排将要发生的事态，两者常常
可互换，但be to do较常用于正式语体。
be about to do
刚要做某事，正要做某事。表示非常近的将来，不与表将来的时间副词连用。
e.g. He is about to leave.
注意：不可以说He is about to leave tomorrow.
△ be about to do…when…：正要做……，这时……
e.g. He was about to start when it rained.
I was about to lock the door when the telephone rang.
一般现在时
(1) 用一般现在时表将来时间，常见于条件状语从句和时间状语从句中。
e.g. I’ll tell her about it if she comes.
I’ll give it to you after I return.
I’ll call you as soon as I arrive.
(2) 在主句中用一般现在时表示将来时间通常指按照时间表或既定日程一定
会发生的将来事态。
e.g. Tomorrow is Sunday.
She retires next year.
When do you take your next exam
△ 一般现在时表将来时间所暗示的计划比较客观，因而更具有不可变易性，
而且一般现在时表将来时间在口气上也比较正式。
<2>
1. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane_____. (2006全国高考题)
A. takes off B. is taking off
C. has taken off D. took off
2. —Are you still busy (2005年浙江卷)
—Yes, I______ my work, and it won’t take long.
A. just finish B. am just finishing
C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
3. －What would you do if it _____ tomorrow (2005全国高考题)
－We have to carry it on, since we’ve got everything ready.
A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining
4. --- Did you tell Julia about the result
---Oh, no, I forgot. I her now. (2005全国 III )
A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call
5. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn't stopped ringing. People ____to ask how I am going to spend the money. (2005湖南卷)
A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning
6. I will visit you if Father ______ me.
A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let
7. Look out! That tree _____ fall down.
A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would
8. My uncle _____ to see me. He'll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
9. " When ______ school begin "
" Next Monday. "
A. has B. does C. did D. is going to
10. Every time I _____ there, I will buy him something nice.
A. went B. will go C. go D. have gone
11. We won't go unless you ______ soon.
A. had come B. came C. will come D. come
12. The air liner from Beijing _____ at 3:00 p.m.
A. is about to arrive B. has arrived
C. arrives D. is going to arrive
13. I don't know when he ______, but when he ______, I'll let you know.
A. will come/comes B. comes/will come
C. comes/comes D. will come/will come
14. ---Did you write to Grace last summer
---No, but I'll ______ her over Christmas vacation.
A. be seen B. have seen C. be seeing D. to see
15. ---I’m going to the States
---How long ___ you___ in the States
A. are; stayed B. are; staying
C. have; stayed D. did; stay
16. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.
am taking B. have taken
C. take D. will have taken
<3>
17. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy take because technology ____ so rapidly.
will change B. has changed
C. will have changed D. is changing
18. --- You’ve left the light on.
---Oh, I have. ___ and turn it off.
I go B. I’ve gone
C. I’ll go D. I’m going
19. --- Is this raincoat yours .
---No, mine____ there behind the door.
is hanging B. has hung
C. hangs D. hung
20. --- What’s that terrible noise
---The neighbours____ for a party.
have prepared B. are preparing
C. prepare D. will prepare
21. Because the shop ____, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.
has closed down B. closed down
C. is closing down D. had closed down
22. --- Can I join the club, Dad
--- You can when you ___ a bit old.
get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got
23. I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.
is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
24. At this time tomorrow, ____ over the Atlantic.
we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll fly D. we’re to fly
25. ---Are you still busy
--- Yes, I my work, and it won’t take long.
just finish B. am just finishing
C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
26. ---Did you tell Julia about the result
--- Oh, no, I forgot. I ____ her now.
will be calling B. will call
C. call D. am to call
27. ---What are you going to do this afternoon
--- I’m going to the cinema with some friends. The film ___ quite early, so we ___ to the bookstore after that.
finished; are going B. finished; go
C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go
答案：1—5 BBBBD 6—10 BABBC 11—15 DCACB
16—20 ADCAB 21—27 CAABB BC
<4>Using language --- Reading and Speaking
Step 1. Greeting and Revision
Step 2. Fast reading
Time Autumn
Place On the Tibetan mountain (make camp)
People mentioned Four peopleWang Kun, Wang Wei, Dao Wei, Yu Hang
Main idea of the text One night in the Tibetan moutain during Wang Kun and Wang Wei’s journey
Step 3. Careful-reading
Finish Exercise 1 on P.22.
Step 4. Language points.
Step 5. Homework.
Language points:
Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycle
see sb. do 看到某人做某事，强调动作全过程；
see sb. doing 看到某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。
e.g. I saw him go into the classroom. 我看见他走进教室
I saw him going into the classroom. 我看见他正走进教室
类似用法的感官动词还有：
see, look at, hear, listen to, watch, notice, feel, have, make, let, help
△ 以上动词用于被动结构时： 不定式不能省略，只有HELP可留可省。
e.g. He was seen to go into the classroom.
Wang Wei was in front of me, as usual.
in front of 在……前面（范围外）
in the front of 在……前部（范围内）
at the front 在前线
as usual 像通常一样
e.g. He came early as usual. 他像通常一样来得早
To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hills was great fun.
不定式作主语，谓语用单数，也可以用形式主语IT,将其改为：
It was hard work to climb the mountain road but it was great fun to go down the mountain.
fun, 不可数名词，玩笑；乐事；有趣的人／事；前面一般不加冠词．
< 1 >
e.g. What fun we had! 我们玩得多开心啊！
It ‘s not much fun going to a party alone.
独自一个人去参加聚会没什么意思．
△ fun (un) 的常见搭配：
have fun = enjoy oneself
be full of fun好玩 make fun of 取笑
△ funny (adj.) 有趣的，可笑的
4. We had to change from our caps, coats, gloves and trousers into T-shirts and shorts.
change v. 更换；换衣；成为；改变
change (sth./ sb.) from…into… 把某人／物从……转变成……
change into 换上……衣服
e.g. Students have to change into their uniforms when they go to school.
We stop to make camp.
camp n. 野营；宿营
make camp 扎营；宿营
be in a camp 在露营中
go camping 去野营
put up
举起；安装；修建；贴出；留宿
e.g.① Put up your hands!
②We’ll have telephones put up in the students’ dormitory.
我们将在学生宿舍安装电话。
③The building was put up last year.
④He put up a photo on the wall.
⑤Tony just put up a friend for the night. TONY刚刚留宿一位朋友过夜。
stay awake
以a-开头的形容词,如asleep, afraid, awake, alone, aware, alive, alike等,一般只作表语.
e.g. He was so tired that he soon fell asleep.
这类形容词有时可放名词后作后置定语.
e.g. He is one of the persons alive after the flood. 他是洪水过后的幸存者之一。
8. We have already traveled so far.
so far
表距离, 那/这么远
e.g. They have gone so far in tow hours.
< 2 >
表时间, 迄今为止 ( 常与完成时连用)
e.g. I have never been to Beijing so far.
9. We can hardly wait to see them! 我们迫不及待地想见到他们!
hardly 有否定意义 ( scarcely/ seldom ).
e.g. He can hardly understand it, did he
Language points of Reading and writing
for one thing…, for another…
一方面;另一方面(两方面一致)
e.g. She is fit for the job. For one thing, she can dance. For another, she is fond of singing.
类似结构: on the one hand, on the other hand (常用于指矛盾的两方面)
experience n.& v.
n. 经历( 可数N.); 经验( 不可数N.);
e.g. Please tell us your experiences in America.
V. 经历
record
记录;录音
e.g. He recorded some language points written on the blackboard.
记录;记载
record的相关搭配
break/beat/cut the (a) record 打破记录 set a record创记录
keep a record of 记下来
while conj.
虽然;尽管(表让步),相当于Although/ though
e.g. While I admire you, I don’t agree with what you said.
而;却( 表对比)
e.g. You like singing while your sister likes dancing.
当……的时候（表时间）
e.g. Please listen carefully while I explaining the text for you.
只要（表条件）
e.g. While there is water, there is life.
be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉（主语是物）
be familiar with sb./ sth.熟悉某人／物（主语是人）
e.g. The city is familiar to us.这城市为我们所熟悉。
We are familiar with the city, as we have lived here since our childhood.Unit 2 English around the World
Period 4 Learning about Language
1．Teaching aims
Ss will be able to use direct speech and indirect speech
2. Teaching important point
Summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.
3. Teaching difficult point
Learn about the special cases in which the tenses shouldn’t be changed.
4. Teaching methods
Discussing, summarizing and practicing.
5. Teaching procedures
Step 1.Discovering useful words and expressions
Work in pairs. Do exercises 1, 2, 3 and 4. Then check the answer you’re your classmates. The teacher helps the students discover the difference in prepositions.
2. Revise the phrases
be different from, pay a role(part) in, because of, in/on a team, the number of/a number of, than ever before, even if, comp up to, over time, communicate with, be based on, make use of, have one’s own identity, such as, Only time can tell, native speaker,
Step2.Direct and Indirect Speech
Revise the grammar of unit 1
Please change the direct speech into indirect speech
1. He said, “I’m going to Beijing tomorrow.
__________________________________________________________
2. “What a lovely girl!” they said.
__________________________________________________________
3. He asked, “Are you a teacher ”
__________________________________________________________
4. “This is the craziest thing I have heard of so far,” she thought.
__________________________________________________________
5. Mr Wang said, “I was born in China in September, 1972.”
__________________________________________________________
6. She said, “They had left when I arrived there.”
__________________________________________________________
7. She says, “Liu Fang is good at English.”
__________________________________________________________
8. He said, “The plane takes off at 6:30 am.”
__________________________________________________________
9. He said, “Where there is a will, the is a way.”
__________________________________________________________
10. “ How much do you think it will cost ” he said.
__________________________________________________________
Step3 Discovering useful structures
Ⅰ.Request and command
Open your books-------------command
Please open your books.------ request (polite)
Can you open your books please --------request (polite)
Could / would you please open you books --------request (polite)
1. Make clear the difference between commands and requests and finish the following exercises:
Go and collect the wood right now.
Could you go and get the shopping bags, please
Shut the door at once.
Go and get my coat.
Would you please get that book for me
2. Summary
commands requests
Close the door! Please ………..
Get me something to eat! Would you please…….
Speak louder………. Could you please……
3. Change the commands into requests.
Close the door! Speak louder! Keep silent! Get me something to drink
Ⅱ.Change a command into an Indirect Speech.
told sb (not) to do sth
“Open the window,”the teacher said to the students .
---------The teacher told the students to open the window.
“Don’t open the window,” the teacher said to the students.
----------The teacher told the students not to open the window.
Ⅲ.Change a request into an Indirect Speech
ask(ed) sb (not) to do sth
“Open the window, please,” the teacher said to the students.
--------The teacher asked the students to open the window.
“Don’t open the window ,please,” the teacher said to the students
--------The teacher asked the students not to open the window.
特别提醒 1.祈使句变为间接引语，主要使用动词不定式。
2.谓语动词要做一定变化。
表示命令，用tell，order，command等。表示请求，用ask，beg，request等。表示忠告，用 advise。
Step4 Practice
1.“Shut up,”she said to him.
__________________________________________________________
2.“Speak louder, please,” he said to her.
__________________________________________________________
“Can you speak louder ” he asked her
__________________________________________________________
3.“Try the lift,” she said to her.
__________________________________________________________
4.“Don’t wait for me,” he said to them.
__________________________________________________________
5.“Stop wasting the time,” she said to him.
__________________________________________________________
6.“Can you tell me a story ” the girl asked her father.
__________________________________________________________
7.“Follow his instructions,’ she said to me.
__________________________________________________________
8.“Please could you come to the reception desk ” she asked him.
__________________________________________________________
9.“Change your dirty uniform!” he said to the clerk.
__________________________________________________________
10.“Can you lend me five yuan ” he asked me.
__________________________________________________________
11.The English teacher said to us, “Don’t speak Chinese, speak English.”
__________________________________________________________
12.She said to him, “ Don’t play a trick on me again.”
__________________________________________________________
Step 5 Group work
1. In groups of four, think of at least three commands your teachers and parents usually give.
You may follow these steps.
Choose one who is to give the first command.
Ask another person in your group to tell somebody what you said.
The third person will change the request or command from direct into indirect speech.
Change role so that each person gets the chance to give commands and turn them into indirect speech.
Example: T: Please don’t talk in class.S1: What did our teacher tell us / What did our teacher say S2: He told/asked us not to talk in class. / She said not to talk in class.
高考资源网Period 4 Grammar
Step 1 Warming up
Warming up by discovering useful words and expressions
Step 2 Presentation
Boys act one cartoon figure and says something.
Teacher asks “What did he/she say ”
Girls act the other cartoon figure and answer the teacher’s question.
Then boys and girls exchange.
The shoes are too big for me.
What did he say
He said the shoes were too big for him
Step 3 Grammar
The students will learn the use of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (statements and questions). First try to make clear to the students what direct and indirect speech is, with the help of the practice in Step III. Then give them some ex amples. At last get them to summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (statements and questions).
T: In this part, we are to learn the use of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (statements and questions). When do we use Direct Speech and when do we use Indirect Speech
一、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化
1.陈述句
用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that
He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” → He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.
He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ”
→ He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.
解题步骤:
“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.
Sarah said to her friends that I don’t like computers .
she didn’t
Sarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
.2.一般疑问句
间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序
He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation ”
→He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.
He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you ”
→He asked whether I was interested in English.
解题步骤:
Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil
( They asked him ) “It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.”
They asked him if it is easy to improve the condition of the soil
was
They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.
3.特殊疑问句
原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序
He said to me，“What's your name ” → He asked me what my name was.
He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country ”
→He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.
解题步骤：
When do you harvest the wheat
( They asked him ) you harvest the wheat
They asked him When you harvest the wheat.
He harvested
They asked him when he harvested the wheat.
4.选择疑问句
用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…
He asked, “Do you speak English or French ”
→He asked me whether I spoke English or French.
I asked, “Will you take bus or take train ”
→I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.
二、在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化
1. 注意时态的变化 Direct indirect
Present past
Past past and past perfect
Present perfect past perfect
Past perfect past perfect
2. 注意人称变化。
3. 注意指示代词的变化this, these(that, those)
4. 注意时间的变化 now, today,this week ,yesterday,last week ,four days ago ,the day before yesterday ,tomorrow ,next month(then, that day,that week,the day before ,the week before,four days before ,two days before ,the next day,the next month)
5. 注意地点的变化 here( there)
6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化 come, bring (go, take)
三、谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：
1.直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变
The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”
The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变
The children said, “We love this game.”
They told us that they love that game.
3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。
She says, “I’ll never forget the days in the country.”
She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country.
从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况:
1. 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候
2. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时
3. 当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时
4. 当引语是谚语、格言时
5. 当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时
Step 4 Practice
For Ex 1, get the students to look at the sentences carefully in pairs in order to find out the difference between direct speech and indirect speech. Guide the students to find out the changes in pronoun forms, word order, adverbials and so on, especially the verb tenses, the underline parts. Ask the students to pay attention to the reporting clause.
For Ex 2, ask the students to do it by themselves, then check.
Exercises:
1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.”
_____________________________________________________________
2.He said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.”
_____________________________________________________________
3.Tom said “I will see you next week.”
_____________________________________________________________
4. “Why were you late again ” The teacher said to me.
_____________________________________________________________
5. “I don’t like swimming,” said Sarah.
_____________________________________________________________
6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.
_____________________________________________________________
7. “Have you been to Paris ” My classmate asked me.
_____________________________________________________________
高考链接
1.Readers can ________ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
A. get over B. get in
C. get along D. get through
2.It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall
3.Father went to his doctor for _______ about his heart trouble.
A. an advice B. advice
C. advices D. the advices
4. I wonder how he ____ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare saying
C. not dare say D. dared say
Step6 Correcting mistakes
T analyses the common mistakes Ss have made during the practice.
T: Now let’s look at the screen and pay attention to these sentences. Choose the right sentence and tell me why the other one is wrong.Unit 5 vocabulary and useful expressions学案
Please underline the following phrases and sentences in the text and learn them by heart.
在课文中划出下列词组和句型，并加以背诵。
重点词组
1.devote…to sth/doing sth为…奉献 2.die for为…而献身
3. work as以…作为工作 4.believe in信任
5. be free from从…中解放 6. fight for为争取…而斗争
7.be in prison坐牢 8 .the first man to do做某事的第一人
9.land on 着陆 10. go for advice去问建议
11. offer guidance to提供指导 12. on their legal problem在法律问题上
13.be generous with 对…慷慨 14.be grateful 感激
15.be three kilometers away 三公里远 16. continue to 继续做
17.worry about 担忧 18 .become out of work失业
19.become more hopeful 变得更有希望 20 .Youth League青年团
21.reach a stage 到了一个平台 22 .be put into a position被置于一个位置
23.either…or 两者之中…或… 之一 24.attack the law攻击法律
25.break a law 破坏法律 26.as a matter of fact事实上
27.blow up 摧毁 28. be put in prison 被投入监狱
29.achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 30 .make ….equal使…平等
31.be willing to愿意做 32.turn to violence转向暴力
33.pay for money 付款
重点句型
1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
5.When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could..
6.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our right and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all .
7.…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.
8.…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
II Using language( P38-40)
重点词组
1.spend the hardest time 度过最艰难时期 2. begin a school开办学校
3. the lunch breaks午饭休息时间 4. be allowed to被允许做
5. stop from studying阻止学习 6. feel good about oneself某人自我感觉很好
e to power掌权 9.beg for sth. 乞求某事
9. take tourists around sth带旅游团参观 10 .be proud to do 做某事感到骄傲
11.show visitors over the prison给参观者介绍有关监狱情况
12.make people free 使人们自由 13.set up建立
14. be sentenced to被判刑 15.what do you think of…对于…你有怎样的想法 16. how do you feel about that 关于…你有怎样的感受
17.to one’s understanding 依某人的理解 18. I’m with you我认同你
重点句型
1. You can not imagine how the name of Robben Island made us afraid.
2.Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office.
3. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
III Reading task (P73)
重点词组和句型
1. for a long time过了很常一段时间 2. be good at擅长
3. be against sb反对某人 4. set up a company开办公司
5. make a lot of money赚很多钱 6. be (un) fair to sb.对…不公平
7.make sure that…确定 8.compete with sb.与某人竞争
9. work on doing sth.从事某事 10. by fair means通过公平的手段
11. around the world环球 12. be used widely被广泛使用
13 .stop from doing sth.阻止做
14. Everyone should be able to do what they can to make their company bigger.
15.You could not meet a better man than Bill Gates.
IV Complete the short passage with a proper word for each blank.
Nelson Mandela, born on July 18, 1918, is the first black president of South Africa. HE studied law _after he entered university. In 1944 he formed/ founded the ANC Youth League. Then in 1952 he set up a law office_ to help poor black people. Because of his fighting against_ the government and anti-black laws, he was sentenced_ to five yeas hard labour. Fighters from ANC began to blow_ up buildings in 1963 and he was put into prison again for life imprisonment(监禁) on Robben Island. Twenty-seven years later, he was freed__ at last by the white government. In 1993 he was made the first black president of South Africa. A lot of people in the world think Nelson Mandela is really a great person. What do you think of him？Unit 3 Travel journal
Period 1 warming-up
Step 1 Warming up
Show the photos of some beautiful places visited by my son,ask ss to guess where they are.
Show the photos of some beautiful places on the PowerPoint. （The Great Wall; Yuanming Yuan ; Budala Palace; Venice; The Liberty Statue in New York,America; Fujiyama.）Ask students whether they know where they are.
T: Do you like traveling
__________________________________________________________
T: Why do you like traveling
__________________________________________________________
T :How will you prepare for traveling __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
What do you have to consider before you decide which means of transportation you will use
__________________________________________________________
Step 2 practice
While you are discussing with your partner , ask each other the following questions:
When are you leaving Where are you going How are you going to…
__________________________________________________________
How long are you staying in… When are you arriving in/at… When are you coming back
__________________________________________________________
Step 3 discussion
Imagine you are going to an isolated island to do research work, make a list of the following things you are going to take.List from the most important to the least important,and state your reasons.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Step4 homework
Preview the textPeriod 6 reading & writing
Step 1 Appreciation
Read the following poem carefully and write down the pairs of words that rhyme and add more similar rhyming words.
Step 2. Pre-writing
How to make friends with others
Read a letter from a student called Xiaodong.
What’s his problem
_______________________________________________________
Suppose you were editor, please write your advice to Xiaodong.
_______________________________________________________
Discuss in groups of four. Collect your advice to Xiaodong and your attitude.
Useful expressions:
In my opinion, you should…
My advice is…
I think/ believe…
I’m afraid that…
I advise you to…
I don’t think…
Don’t worry…
I agree/ I don’t agree.
I think so./ I don’t think so.
Step 3 While-writing
This activity enables students to express their feelings and to help others．In other words, it gives students a better understanding of how to deal with this common situation．This is as much a role play as a writing activity, so it is important for students to discuss their ideas first．In this way they can collect their ideas, sort them out and prepare to write．
Ask the Ss to write a letter to Xiaodong as an editor and give him some advice.
Ss make a list about the important information that they need.
Ss begin to write the letter to Xiaodong.
Ss revise their letters by themselves.
Ss exchange their writing paper with their partners and correct the mistakes. (tense, spelling, letters, structures….)
Ss get back their own writing paper and write the letter again.
Writing tips
Contents (The letter should contain the following points)
1. Make an effort to change the situation.
2. Start talking to people about what you both like.
3. Join in people’s discussion.
4. Show your interest in their talk.
5. Try to make friends with one or two classmates.
Structure
Topic sentence (your point of view)
Body (your advice)
Conclusion (your wishes)
Tense: As it is a letter, Simple Present Tense will be applied to the writing.
Connectors:
Illustration (阐述) I think, I believe, I suggest, in my opinion…
Addition（递进） secondly, and then, besides, in addition…
Contrast（转折） but, however, on the other hand…
Summary(总结) in short, in a word, therefore, so…
Step 4. Post-writing
Choose some students’ writing paper and show in the class. Ask the Ss to correct the mistakes together and also learn from some good writings.
Sample writing:
Dear Xiaodong,
Some people like talking with others, but some people are shy．If you fall into the second group, it can be hard to make friends．But you can change the situation．
What are you interested in If you like basketball, for example, you could talk with some of your classmates who like basketball．The easiest way to start talking to people is to find something you have in common．
If you are standing beside a group of your classmates, join in their discussion if you know something about the subject they are discussing．But if you don't, you shouldn't feel afraid to say, for example,”That sounds interesting, what is it about Once you start talking to one person, it will get easier to talk to others．
Find one person you have something in common with, and once you become friends with him, his friends will start talking to you too．
Good luck!
Editor
Homework: write the compositionUnit 4 Earthquakes
Period 4 Listening
整体设计
从容说课
This is the fourth teaching period of this unit. As usual, the teacher will first get the students to review what they learned in the last period, and then lead in the new lesson.
The emphasis of this period should be placed on developing students’ listening ability. Listening on Page 62 in the Workbook provides many facts and describes cause and effect relationships. The teacher can lead in the topic by discussing some questions, such as “Why do earthquakes happen ”“Can we avoid or at least reduce the loss caused by earthquakes ”, and so on. First, let the students guess the listening text may be about. Play the tape for the first time for students to listen and decide whether their guessing is right. Second, ask them to listen for the second time to tell whether the sentences in Exercise 1 are true or false. Third, let them listen again to answer the questions and complete the table in Exercise 2. While they are listening, the teacher should pause and repeat the key sentences to help students understand. When checking the answers, explain some difficult listening points if necessary. In the end, show them the listening text and let them read and retell it. This step can help students understand and grasp the listening material far further.
As to the parts Listening task on Page 66 in the Workbook and Listening on Page 31 in the Textbook, the teaching procedure can be approximately the same as the above.
Perhaps some students will find it hard to listen and understand listening materials. Encourage them not to give up. The more they listen to English, the easier it becomes.
教学重点
1. Develop the students’ listening ability.
2. Let the students know the cause of earthquakes and ways of reducing losses earthquakes bring about.
教学难点
Get the students to listen and understand different listening materials.
教学方法
1. Task-based listening
2. Cooperative learning
3. Discussing
教具准备
A tape recorder and other normal teaching tools
三维目标
Knowledge aims:
1. Get the students to learn some useful new words and expressions.
2. Get the students to know about the basic knowledge of earthquakes the listening materials refer to.
Ability aims:
1. Enable students to catch and understand the listening materials.
2. Develop the students’ ability to get special information and take notes while listening.
3. Get the students to learn how to make an earthquake plan.
Emotional aim:
Get the students to learn more about basic knowledge of earthquakes so as to know how to reduce losses of earthquakes and how to protect oneself and help others in earthquakes.
教学过程
设计方案（一）
→Step 1 Revision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Ask some students to make sentences with attributive clauses.
→Step 2 Warming up
Tell the students:As we all know, earthquakes are disasters to everyone. But why do earthquakes happen Can we avoid or at least reduce the loss caused by earthquakes Can we foretell earthquakes Now we will do some listening and the listening text will tell us the answers.
→Step 3 Listening(on Page 62 in the Workbook)
1. Look through the part Listening on Page 62 and guess what the listening material may be about. Then listen to the tape for the first time to see whether their guessing is right or not.
(This listening material is about the cause of earthquakes and how we can reduce losses from them. )
2. Read the following statements and listen to the tape for the second time. Then decide whether they are true or false.
1)It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.
2)The plates are always moving.
3)If the plates stop moving, there is an earthquake.
4)If the plates move, there is an earthquake.
5)Wherever you live, you are in an earthquake area.
6)China has two plates pushing on her and they make mountains and earthquakes.
Check the answers and try to correct the statements which are false.
3. Listen to the tape again and then answer the questions and complete the following sentences.
Part 1:
1)Why do earthquakes happen
2)Why do California, China and Japan have a lot of earthquakes
Part 2:
1)Do not built______________.
2)Make sure you build______________.
3)You must______________._____________ buildings will fall down and_____________ ones may______________.
A few minutes later, check the answers with the whole class.
4. Discuss this question in small groups: Why do some earthquakes kill more people than others
5. Reading and retelling
Show the students the listening text and let them read it. Then ask them to retell the cause of earthquakes and the ways of reducing losses from earthquakes.
LISTENING TEXT
Why do earthquakes happen Scientists explain that the outside of the earth is made of a number of different plates. At San Francisco, the Pacific plate which is moving towards the northwest meets the North American plate. The Pacific plate is moving very slowly—at 5. 3 centimeters a year. Sometimes these two plates stop and do not move for years. Then suddenly, they jump and an earthquake is felt. As a result of the movement of these plates, California has always had a lot of earthquakes. When the 1906 earthquake happened, the Pacific plate jumped 5-6 meters to the north.
China also has an unlucky place on the earth. The Pacific plate is also pushing on China from the east as the plate moves west. Likewise, the Indian plate is pushing on China from the southwest as that plate moves northeast. The same power that produced the great Himalayan Mountains now causes earthquakes in China.
We cannot stop earthquakes, but we can do things to make sure they do not destroy whole cities. First, it is not a good idea to build houses along the lines where two of the earth’s plates join together. Second, if you think there may be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rock than on sand. Third, you must make the houses as strong as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.
→Step 4 Listening task(on Page 66 in the Workbook)
Turn to Page 66. Look at the pictures and discuss what the might have learned.
1. In four let the students discuss what would be the best way to protect oneself if there was an earthquake.
2. Ask one member of the group to give their ideas to the class.
3. Let the class evaluate each group’s idea and see if they agree. If they do, write the idea on the board. Collect the ideas all the groups have contributed.
4. Ask the students to choose the three that they think are the most useful if an earthquake comes.
5. Listen to the tape for the first time and see if the ideas on the tape are the same. Discuss why the plans on the tape are different from the ones suggested by the class.
6. Now make the earthquake plan. Then listen to the tape for the second time to improve the earthquake plan.
My Earthquake Plan
1st thing I must do:I must drop to the floor and cover my head and neck with my arms.
2nd thing I must do:Make sure I hide under something like a table to protect myself from things falling on top of me.
3rd thing I must do:I must hold onto the furniture so it doesn’t move away from me during the earthquake.
7. Listen to the tape a third time and then write down any other advice that you think is useful.
My Earthquake Advice
If you are outside, you should keep away from power lines, trees, signs, cars and buildings.
If you are in the living room, you should make sure that the bookcases are fastened to the wall and the TV set is tied to a table so that they can’t move.
If you are in the house alone, you should ring a family friend to tell them where you are and collect your personal earthquake bag.
8. Read the listening text and make it more clear what to do during an earthquake.
LISTENING TEXT
PRACTICE AND PREPARE
Since the San Francisco earthquake, all children in California have been taught what to do during an earthquake.
Teacher:Now, students, do you remember what you have to do before the earthquake comes
S1:Yes. We must make an earthquake plan.
T:Good and what’s that
S2:It’s a list of things you should do if an earthquake comes. It should tell us what to do, where to be safe and who to contact.
T:Right. So what are these things
S1:What we must do when the earthquake comes is “drop, cover and hold”.
T:What does that mean
S2:We must drop to the floor and protect our head and neck with our arms. Then we must cover ourselves by hiding under some furniture like a table. That will protect us from things falling on top of us. Finally we must hold onto the furniture so it doesn’t move away from us during the earthquake.
T:Well done. That’s fine. You’ll be safe in the classroom but what if you’re outside
S1:To be safe, you must move to an open space. Keep away from power lines, trees, signs, cars and buildings.
T:Excellent. You’ve remembered well. Now where can you be safe if you’re in the living room where books and the television are kept
S2:If you are careful you’ll already have fastened the bookcases to the wall. You should also have tied the television to a table so it can’t move. Nobody wants to be killed by their own furniture.
T:Quite right. What must we remember to do if we’re in the house alone when the earthquake starts
S2:I know. We must ring a family friend to tell them where we are. We must also collect our personal earthquake bag and go to the emergency shelter if there is one near our house.
T:OK. So for your homework I want you to think about what you might put into the bag. We’ll discuss tomorrow.
→Step 5 Listening(on Page 31 in Using language)
1. Tell the students: We are going to listen to a story told by a man who was a survivor of the great San Francisco earthquake of 1906.
2. Go through the sentences in Exercise 2, then listen to the tape for the first time, and try to tell whether the statements are true or false.
The teacher plays the tape for the students to listen and finish the task. After listening, the teacher checks the answers with the class.
3. Go through the questions in Exercise 3, then listen to the tape for the second time and answer the questions.
After listening, the teacher asks some students to answer the questions and checks the answers with the whole class.
4. Tell the students: While listening to the tape, you should not only pay attention to the contents, but also the pronunciation and intonation. The sentences in Exercise 4 show us the sequence. I will play the tape again, and you should pay attention to liaison and incomplete explosion in these sentences. Then practice reading them aloud.
5. Reading and retelling
Show the students the listening text and let them read it. Then ask them to retell it.
LISTENING TEXT
I awoke as I was thrown from my bed. When I tried to walk, the floor shook so that I fell. I grabbed my clothing and hurried downstairs. Suddenly the lights went out, and everyone rushed for the door. Outside I saw things I never want to see again. It was daytime. The air was filled with falling rocks. People around me were getting buried under buildings that were crashing down. Other huge buildings were shaking. Every moment there were terrible sounds. I asked a man standing next to me what happened. Before he could answer, hundreds of bricks fell on him and he was killed. All around me were great fires. As I ran people everywhere were crying and calling for help. I thought the end of the world had come! Then I met a man who knew the way to a boat, and we ran in its direction. Men, women and children were trying to dig themselves out of the ruins. Thousands of people, crazy with worry, were running down the street and every minute someone was hit by falling bricks. In some places, the streets had cracked and opened. Huge holes were all around me. I saw many frightened cows rush up Market Street and drop into a great crack in the earth. How I reached the boat I cannot say. Some people even tore the clothes from the backs of others as they tried to get into the boat. Later, the survivors searched for water they could drink. People slept on the streets and hills away from the fires, which made the night bright as day. Soldiers kept water from the crowds to give to the rescue workers. The next day the soldiers found more water and some bread to give to those still alive.
→Step 6 Homework
1. Finish off the Workbook exercises.
2. Read the listening texts again and try to retell them.
板书设计
Unit 4 Earthquake
Listening
1. GuessingThe listening text may be about________________ and____________.2. True or false 1)It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a numbers of plates.2)The plates are always moving.3)If the plates stop moving, there is an earthquake.4)If the plates move, there is an earthquake.5)Wherever you live, you are in an earthquake area.6)China has two plates pushing on her and they make mountains and earthquakes.. . .
活动与探究
Poster-making
1. Divide the whole class into six small groups.
2. Ask each group to search for the ways to reduce losses from earthquakes. The students can go to the library or use the Internet to collect information. The following websites may be helpful.
http://earthquake. usgs. gov/, http://www. eqnet. org/, http://www. ceri. memphis. edu/
3. After search for the information, each group should make a poster, informing people how to reduce losses of an earthquake.
My earthquake plan1st thing I must do is______________.2nd thing I must do is______________.3rd thing I must do is______________ My earthquake adviceIf you are outside, you should______________.If you are in the living room, you should______________.If you are in the house alone, you should______________ .Unit4 Earthquakes-Grammar学案
the attributive clauses 定语从句
Sentences translation (English into Chinese)
But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. (Line 8)
It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. (Line 11)
A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. (Line 13)
The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. (Line 16)
Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. (Line 24)
The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. (Line 32)
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (Line 35)
The powerful earthquake of Tangshan happened in the city of Tangshan, Hebei Province on July 28th, 1976, which caused more than 240,000 deaths and the whole city was destroyed. (Best English P35)
However, they can warn people who live in these areas by prediction, in advance to take precautions against such disasters. (Best English P35)
Summary of the rules of the attributive clauses
1. 关系代词/副词
关系代词/副词 在从句中的成分 所指代的先行词 例 句
who /whom 主语/宾语（可省） 指人 He who laughs last laughs best.This is the boy (whom /who) you saw yesterday.
which 主语/宾语（可省） 指物/事 A thing which was bitter to endure may be sweet to remember.
that 主语/宾语（可省） 指物/事 The panda that is chosen Dragon Warrior is big and fat.
指人 They that know nothing fear nothing.
whose 定语（某…的） 指人 Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
指物/事 The book whose cover is blue is mine.
when 时间状语 时间 I’ll never forget the day when the earthquake happened.
where 地点状语 地点 This is the place where we first met.
why 原因状语 原因 The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus.
2．只用that不用which的情况
当先行词是
1）不定代词all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one等时
e.g. You can take any seat that is free.
We should do all that is useful to the people.
2）被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时；
e.g. It is the only thing that we can do.
3）是或被序数词the first /second /third…所修饰时；
e.g. This is the first place that I want to visit.
4）被形容词最高级所修饰时；
e.g. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
5）同时指人和事/物时；
e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.
6）主句以there be 开头时
e.g. There is the matter that I can do.
3．只用which不用that的情况
1）介词后
2）逗号后，即非限定性定语从句中
3）句中已经有that的时候
e.g. That which is evil is soon learnt. 学坏容易。
4．whose = the +名词+ of + which/whom 指“某人/物的”
when = at /in /on 等介词+which
where =at /in /on /from /to等介词+which
why =介词for + which
English proverbs
1. He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。
2. Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.
家居玻璃房，切忌乱扔石。（自己有弱点，勿揭他人短。）
3. When in Rome do as the Romans do.（入乡随俗）
4. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
5. He who has a lazy hand has an empty mouth.手懒饿肚皮。
6. He that loses his honesty has nothing失去诚实就失去了一切
7. God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。
8. He who does not advance loses ground. (=anyone who does not advance loses ground.)
逆水行舟，不进则退。
9. He who laughs on Friday will weep on Sunday. 乐极必生悲。
10. They who cannot do as they would must do as they can. 事不由己，也需努力。
Translation (Chinese into English)
我们这个单元学习的课文是关于地震的。地震前几天，会发生一些奇怪的现象，如变得反常的（abnormal）水井、动物、气候等。接着，一场突发其来却似乎使世界到了末日的大地震仅持续十几秒。这场大灾难使人们平静生活了多年的城市顷刻间成了一片废墟。幸好，救援人员及时赶到，挖出受困的人们，并为那些家园被毁的幸存者搭建避难所。慢慢地，这座城市又出现了生机。
定语从句练习
一、选择题
1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother
A. who B. which C. whose D. /
2. This is the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom
A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C
3. He was the only one ______ was saved in the earthquake.
A. who B. that C. which D. A and B
4. This is the only present _____ I like.
A. who B. that C. which D. B and C
5. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen.
A. which B. who C. where D. /
6. All _______ I can do is to give him some money.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
7. Is there anything else _____ you need
A. which B. that C. who D. what
8. The museum _____ we visited last week isn’t far from here.
A. where B. which C. what D. who
9. Where is the scientist _____ gave us the talk yesterday
A. which B. who C. what D. /
10. Most of the people ____ lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives.
A. when B. who C. how D. which
11. Do you think most students prefer tests ____ have easy questions
A. who B. where C. when D. that
12. My mum prefers music ____ quiet and gentle.
A. that are B. that is C. which has D. whose is
13. The boy ____ you saw just now is Tom’s brother.
A. which B. whose C. when D. /
14. The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman.
A. which B. that C. it D. whom
15. She was becoming fat, ______ bothered her very much.
A. which B. that C. it D. of whom
16. The Amazon(亚马逊河), ______ lies in the Andes(安第斯山脉) is the world’s longest river.
A. its source B. which source C. whose source D. the source of it
17. The reason ______ I can’t come is _______ I have to work late.
A. for, why B. why, because C. because, that D. why, that
18. Who is that man _____ is telling the children a story
A. who B. whom C. that D. whoever
19. She tells us that Lao Wang is a person _______ we can learn a lot.
A. whom B. that C. from whom D. about whom
20. Is this the factory _____ you worked five years ago
A. in which B. in where C. in that D. that
二、用适当的关系代词填空
1. Do you like the present _______ I bought you yesterday
2. The storybook _______ was written by his uncle is quite interesting.
3. The boy _______ computer doesn’t work well needs your help.
4. This is the best movie _______ we have seen this year.
5. The doctor _______ we met in the street is from America.
6. The passengers and the suitcases _______ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane.
7. Who is the girl _______ you want to make friends with
8. This is the last lesson _______ Mr. Smith taught us.
9. I, _____ am your friend, will help you out.
The building ___________ wall is white is my uncle’s house.
The boy _______ John spoke with is my brother.
Will you please lend me the very picture _________ you bought yesterday
The students ________ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.
The season _________ comes after spring is summer.
This is the first museum __________ we visited last Saturday.
The girl ________ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital.
I found some photos of interesting places _________ were not far away from our city.
There is a boy downstairs _________ want to see you.
The river ________ banks are covered with trees is very long.
I’m going to meet Tom ______ they say is a good boy.
Key:
一、1-5 ADDBD 6-10 ABBBB 11-15 DBDBA 16-20 CDCCA
二、1. that / which / 不填 2. that / which 3. whose 4. that / 不填 5. whom / who / that / 不填 6. that 7. that / 不填 8. that / 不填 9. who 10. whose 11. who/ whom 12. that /不填 13. who /whom /that/不填 14. that /which 15. that 16. whose 17. that / which 18. who / that 19. whose 20. who/ whom/ thatUnit 2 English around the World
Period 5 Using language
Teaching Aim: Ss will be able to know that there are a lot of different dialects in the same language.
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Warming up
Enjoy a clip of film.
T: What do you think of the film When watching the film, can you understand it well
_________________________________________________________
T: What made it difficult for you to fully understand the film
_________________________________________________________
T: How many local languages did you hear in this film
_________________________________________________________
T: In China, different areas have their different dialects. Can you tell me some of them
T: And people in different cities speak different dialects.
Can people from different cities recognize each other’s dialects
_________________________________________________________
T: How to solve this problem Is there standard Chinese in China What is it
Putonghua is regarded as standard Chinese. Although in daily life, local people speak their own dialects, in some occasions, they will have to use Putonghua to communicate with people from other areas.
(Give more hints to help the students.)
T: What kind of language is used in our class now
_________________________________________________________
T: English is another kind of language.
What you said is of course right, while what I said is also not wrong. Why Because what you said is British English while what I said is American English. Are British English and American English the same
No, there are some differences between British English and American English. Then what are the differences Do you know Now I’ll tell you. British English and American English are different in pronunciation, in spelling and in words and expressions. In fact, in each English-speaking country, English has its own identity. Even in the same country, people in different areas speak a little different dialects. Then for people who learn English as a second language, what kind of English should they learn American English, British English, Australian English or Canadian English Is there standard English Today, we’re going to learn a passage about standard English and dialects.
Step 2 Skimming
T: Read the passage quickly and find out the topic sentence for each paragraph.
Para.1: _________________________________________________________
Para.2: _________________________________________________________
Para.3: _________________________________________________________
Step 3 Scanning
T: Read the text again to locate particular information.
1. Do you know what standard English is from the text
_________________________________________________________
But believe it or not, in fact there is no standard English.
believe it or not 信不信由你
e.g Believe it or not, John cheated in the exams.
Believe it or not, the examination tomorrow is cancelled.
2. What is a dialect
_________________________________________________________
3. Why does American English have so many dialects
_________________________________________________________
Play a part/ a role (in) 在……中担任角色； 在……中起作用
e.g He will play the part of the doctor in my latest film.
The UN plays an important part in international relations.
Step 4 Post-reading
T: From the passage, we know the US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Then do you think people from different areas can understand each other Why
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Step 5 Summary
T: Language is rich and changing. As a learner, we should know about it as much as possible, keep up with its development and enjoy its beauty.
Step 6 Homework
Do the exercises in ENGLISH WEEKLY
2. Keep an eye on dialects in our life.
高考资源网高一英语UNITS 3 Travel Journal ---Words and Expressions 学案
Part one :词汇扩展 journal---__________(记者)
1．Ⅰ determine
﹙1﹚vt.决定 /确定 某事（＝decide ）
eg. 我不知道他们是否确定了他们的婚期。
﹙2﹚vi. determine on /upon 确定，决定
eg. We determined on an early start.
﹙3﹚determine to do sth .决定做某事
eg .无论发生什么事，她都已经决定说实话。
(4)determine sb .to do sth .
eg.那场事故使她决定成为护士。
（5）determine +从句
eg.我们必须决定下一步做什么。
我决定加倍努力学习。
Ⅱ(1) determined –adj.决意的，已决定的，坚定的，坚决的
eg. 他脸上有个坚定的表情。
His mother is a determined woman who always gets what she wants .
(2) be determined to do sth .决定做某事
eg.尽管他不知道是否能够成功，但是他决定再试一次。
Ⅲ determination ---n.「U」决定，决心
eg.We should carry out the plan with great determination .
He is a man of great determination .
选择：The doctor`s lecture _____me not to drink and smoke any more .
A.decided B.determined C.made D.attracted
总结所有结构：
2．persuade
(1)persuade sb. to do sth .=persuade sb.into doing sth .说服某人做某事
最后，我说服了弟弟接受我的建议。
我劝服了他戒烟。
（2）persuade sb. not to do sth .=persuade sb. out of doing sth .说服某人停止做某事 劝服某人不做某事
我劝服了父亲不要在舞会上喝太多的酒。
（3）persuade sb .+that /persuade sb .of sth .使某人相信
我将使他相信他是错的。
玛丽使我相信了其中的真理。
总结：
辨析 ：persuade /advise
Jack tried to persuade Tom to go , but failed at last .(=advised )
选择：① It was hard to _____you that we couldn`t afford a new car .
A.persuade B.suggest C.convince D.advise
② I ______him not to smoke ,but he didn`t think it necessary .
persuaded B .advised C.hoped D.suggested
3.insist v.坚持，坚决主张，坚持认为
（1）insist on /upon doing sth .坚决做某事，坚持做某事，坚持认为
他坚持让我和他一起去看电影/
I insisted on /upon an early reply .
(2)insist that 主语＋（should ）+do sth .
主席坚决要求会议被取消。
（3）表达“坚持一种看法，说法或事实”时，宾语从句使用陈述语序和相应的时态。
①那个小孩坚持说自己没有偷东西并坚持认为自己应该被释放。
②部分学生坚持主张学生不应该去网吧但其他人坚持说学生可以偶尔去。
选择：①The man insisted ______a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby .A.find B.to find C.on finding D.in finding
②The old worker insisted that he ______old ,and _____back to the working post again .A.wasn`t ,be sent B.wasn`t ,was sent C.be not ,send D.isn`t ,sent
4.change one`s mind /make up one`s mind to do sth ./read one`s mind
eg.一旦他下定决心，没有什么能使他改变主意。
我很难读出他的心思。
She gave me a ______look – the kind that said she wouldn`t ______.
determined ,make up her mind B.absent minded ,change her mind
C. determined ,change her mind D.broad minded ,make up her mind
Part two :1.What`s your attitude ______that problem
towards B.in C.with D.at
2.Your face seems _____.I`ve probably met you here in the old days .
A.familiar B.known C.similar D.alike
3.The plane is flyig ____an altitude of 10000 feet .A.at B.on C.in D.withUnit 1 Friendship
-- Vocabulary and Useful Expressions ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. ignore / neglect / overlook
【解释】ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空We could not afford to _________ such a serious offence.2). He utterly ________ my warnings and met with an accident.3). Don’t ________ paying him a visit now and then.答案: 1). overlooked 2). ignored 3). neglect
2. cheat / fool
【解释】cheat 主要指盈利的买卖中或游戏竞赛中欺骗人，骗取人的钱等。fool “愚弄”，指利用人缺乏常识，心理脆弱来欺骗人。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). You may get _________ in that shop.2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time.答案: 1). cheated 2). fool
3. calm / quiet / silent / still
【解释】calm 天气、水、水面（表风平浪静）；（指人时）表示镇定自如。quiet 表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和，文静。silent 表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语。still “不动的”，指人时侧重一动不动，；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.2). Why do you keep __________ 3). Everything was ___________.4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy.答案: 1). still 2). silent 3). quiet 4). calm
4. join / join in / take part in / attend
【解释】join 表示参加组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等join in 表示参加游戏、活动等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事take part in表示参与、参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等attend 主要指出席、参加会议、婚礼；听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等；上学、教堂
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Can I ___________ the game 2). Did you ____________ the fighting 3). He __________ the army last year.4). A lot of people __________ her wedding.答案: 1). join in 2). take part in 3). joined 4）attended Ⅱ.词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. ignore vt. 忽视 ignorance n. 无知 ignorant adj.无知的
2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚 dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的
3. add v. 添加; 增加 addition n. 加, 附加 additional adj. 添加的;附加的
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) I can't __________ his rudeness any longer. (ignore)2) To say you were ________ of the rules is no excuse. ( ignore)3） We are in complete ___________ of your plans. (ignore)4） There is ____________ light inside the cave. (dusk) 5） The street lights come on at ____________ and go off at dawn. (dusk )6） Many words have been ____________ to this edition of the dictionary. (add)7) They've just had an ____________ to the family. (add)8) There are _____________ charges. (add)答案: 1) ignore 2)ignorant 3) ignorance 4) dusky 5) dusk 6) added 7) addition 8) additional
Ⅲ.重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的 vt. (upset, upset)
[典例]
1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。
2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要难过--并没有造成伤害。
3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他为她的病而忧心忡忡。
4). The students really upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。
[重点用法]
be upset by… 被…… 打乱
upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼
[练习] 用upset的适当形式填空
1). Is it ______ you, dear
2). She felt rather ______ on hearing the news.
3). Is it an ______ message
4). Don’t be ______. It will be OK.
答案: 1). upsetting 2). upset 3). upsetting 4).upset
2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系
[典例]
1). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。
2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。
3). That's no concern of mine. 那不关我的事。
[重点用法]
as / so far as … be concerned 关于；至于；就……而言
be concerned about 关心
be concerned at / over sth. 为某事忧虑
be concerned in sth. 牵涉到，与……有关，参与
[练习] 用concern的适当形式填空
1). There is an article that _______ the rise of the prices.
2). The children are rather _____ about their mother’s health.
3). Officials should ______ themselves _______ public affairs.
答案: 1). concerns 2). concerned 3). concern … with
3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留
vt. 使定居，安家；解决
[典例]
1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。
2). The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大。
3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。
[重点用法]
settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在…定居
[练习] 中译英
1). 都十一点了，她安不下心来工作。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 题目这么难，谁能解决？
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). It’s eleven o’clock now, but she cannot settle to work.
2). Since it is so difficult, who can settle this problem
4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历
[典例]
1). Do you suffer from headaches 你常头痛吗
2). She's suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。
[重点用法]
suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛﹑ 不适﹑ 悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头:
[练习] 中译英
1).我们在金融危机中损失惨重。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2).他的脚痛得不得了。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
2). He suffers terribly with his feet.
5. disagree vt. 不同意
[典例]
1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有时意见不一。
2). We disagreed on future plans. 我们对未来的计划产生了分歧。
[重点用法]
disagree with sb/what sb says/sb's decision 不同意某人的观点[某人的话/某人的决定]
[练习] 中译英
1). 罗马的报道与米兰的不符。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 他不同意让我早些回家。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Key: 1). The reports from Rome disagree with those from Milan.
2). He disagreed to let me go home early.
Ⅳ.重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. add up 加起来
[典例]
1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.
把你的得分加起来，看看你能得几分。
2). Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to
汤姆，10，20和5加起来是多少？
[短语归纳]
add (…) to …. （把什么）加入…中
add up to … 加起来是
[练习] 用add的适当形式或构成的词组填空
1). Will you _____ some more students to this project
2). Small numbers _____ a large one.
3). 50 _______ 50 equals 100.
答案: 1). add 2). add up to 3). added
2. go through 经历；经受
[典例]
1). The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。
2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。
[短语归纳]
go after追求，追赶 go ahead前进；请说（做）吧
go by走过，（时间）过去 go along with向前，（与……）一起去
go in for爱好，从事 go out外出；（灯，火）熄灭
go over越过；复习 go up爬上，（价格等）上升
[练习] 用go 构成的词组填空
1). It is wise not to ____ with this plan.
2). Prices ______ a little now. People are happy.
3). Anyway, don’t always_______ at night by yourself.
4). I am tired. I want to _____ now.
答案: 1). go on with 2). go up 3). go home 4). go to bed
3.on purpose 故意，有目的地
[典例]
The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.
那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。
[短语归纳]
do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企图、有目的地
[练习]用 purpose的相关词汇填空
1). He didn’t do it ______.
2). What was your ____
答案: 1). on purpose 2). purpose
4. get along with 与某人相处；(工作的) 进展
[典例]
1). He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him 他不是个随和的人，很难相处。
2). How are you getting along with your work 工作进展如何？
[短语归纳]
get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与……相处得好/不好，……进展顺利/不顺利
get away离开，逃离 get down下来；写下，取下
get down to (doing)开始认真干…… get over克服，摆脱
get through通过，做完 get together聚集
[练习] 中译英
1). 你现在和同事相处得好不好
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 她已重新获得从前那份工作。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). Are you getting along well with your colleagues
2). She's got her old job back.
in order to… 为了……（可置于句首或句中）
[典例]
1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 图的是得个好座位。
2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建议是为了不让她伤心。
[短语归纳]
in order that… 以便……（后跟句子） so that…以便……（后跟句子）
so as to为了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）
[练习] 中译英
他早早动身好按时到达。
她拼命干以便能到6点时把一切都准备好。
答案: 1．He left early in order to/so as to/in order that/so that he should/would/might arrive on time.
2. In order to get everything ready by 6 o'clock, she worked hard.
Ⅴ.重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on.
妈妈问她穿那么多衣服是不是很热。
[解释] with复合结构：
with + 宾语+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases
由“介词with+宾语+宾语补足语” 构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等，另外，该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况：
1) 如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的，构成主谓关系，该分词用现在分词形式。
2) 如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系，该分词用过去分词形式。
3) 宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语，形容词或副词来充当。
[典例]
1.with + 宾语 + 副词，如：
The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on).
With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty.
2.with + 宾语 + 介词短语，如：
The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand).
The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes).
3.with + 宾语 + 现在分词，如：
With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.
With the teacher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside)，she felt a bit uneasy.
4.with + 宾语 + 过去分词，如：
With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved.
With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger.
5.with + 宾语 + 不定式，如：
With her to go with us (= As she will go with us), we're sure to have a pleasant journey.
With Mr Smith to teach them English next term（= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.
[练习] 中译英：
1. 那房子昨晚发生火灾，结果里面的东西都烧光了。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会大有提高。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 随着冬天的到来，天气越来越冷。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：1. The house caught a big fire last night , with nothing left in it.
2. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.
3. With winter corning, the weather is becoming colder and colder.
2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐……
[解释] as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为“像大多数人那么做”。
as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：
1). 引导状语从句，强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语的同时性
As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.
随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。
2). 引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然，即使”（从句需倒装）
Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 尽管天气冷，我哥只穿了一件衬衫。
3). 引导方式状语从句，表示“以……方式”。
Why didn’t you take the medicine as I told you to 为什么你没有按我说的服这药？
4). 引导原因状语从句 (=since; because)，“由于，因为”。
As you were not there, I left a message. 因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。
5) 引导比较状语从句。
She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高。
[练习] 中译英
1. 随着年龄的增长我越来越对科学感兴趣。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 由于雨下得很大，你最好穿上雨衣。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 他学习很努力，但考试还是没及格。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案： 1. As l get older l get more interested in science．
2. As it is raining hard，you'd better put on your raincoat．
3. Hard as he worked，he failed in the exam．
3. It is/was the…time that… ……第几次……
[解释] that从句中的谓语动词一般用完成时态。
1). It is the first time that he has heard this song.
[练习] 中译英
这是他第二次来中国。
2．这是我第一次举办画展。
——————————————————————————————————————————————
答案： 1. It is the second time that he has come to China.
2. It was the first time that I had held an art exhibition.Learning Plan for Unit Five—Nelson Mandela-a modern hero
Period Four Grammar
教学目标：1. 复习定语从句的基础知识；
2. 区分关系代词和关系副词，并掌握关系副词引导定语从句的用法；
3. 掌握“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。
教学内容
Step1. Revision
I. 用who,that, which, whom, whose填空
1. Is he the man ___________ wants to see you
2. He is the man ___________ I saw yesterday.
3. They rushed over to help the man ___________ car had broken down.
4. The package ___________ you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
II. 从课文中找出下列句子，并填上所缺的词。
1. The time _______ you first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of your life.
2. The school ________ I studied only two years was three kilometers away.
3. The day _______ Nelson Mandela told me what to do and helped me was one of the
happiest days of my life.
4. Until today we have reached a stage _______ we have almost no rights at all.
5. Mandela was the black lawyer ____ _______ I went for advice.
6. The parts of the town ____ _______ they had to live were decided by white people.
7. We were put into a position ____ _______ we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.
Step 2 Expanantion
对比上面两组句子中所填词的区别，总结关系副词和“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。
一．关系副词
1. 关系副词包括when, where, why.
2. 关系副词的用法：
条件一：先行词时表示时间、地点或原因的词；
条件二：从句部分缺少状语。
The time when【you first met Nelson Mandela】 was a very difficult period of your life.
先行词 主 + 谓+ 宾（缺少状语）
（表时间）
分析并完成下列句子,体会关系副词的用法：
1. Mary Brown moved to a place _______she was close to the sea, so she could go swimming every day.
2. That was the reason _______I had to go to hospital.
3. Harvard is a world-famous university where/from which Wang An got his doctor’s degree.
4. In 1951 Dr Wang founded his own company where/ in which computers were made.
5. Dr Wang died in 1990 when IT was developing rapidly all over the world.
二．“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。
【关键点】关系代词whom, which前介词的选择由先行词的习惯搭配或后半句动词的搭配而决定。
1. The speed at which light travels is 300000km per second.(由先行词的习惯搭配决定)
（at the speed of）
2. This is the teacher from whom I borrow the book. (borrow from)（动词词组）
3. Don’t bring the children to see the animals of which they are afraid. (be afraid of)
【拓展】关系副词引导定语从句可以换成“介词+which”结构。
1. This was a time when you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg．
This was a time at which you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg．
2. Wang An spent 3years in Harvard University where he studied applied physics.
Wang An spent 3years in Harvard University in which he studied applied physics.
3. That was the reason why I had to go to hospital.
That was the reason for which I had to go to hospital.
【随堂练习】
1. 找出下列各句中定语从句的引导词，并指出其功能
1）I still remember the days when we studied in middle school. (状语)
2）I still remember the days which we spent in the island in our holidays (宾语).
3）The factory where my father works is very big.(_________)
4）The factory which is near my home is very big.(__________)
5）The factory which we visited is very big. (___________)
6）The factory whose name is HD is very big.(__________)
2.用合适的关系代词或关系副词填空 ：
1 This is the town ___________ I spent my childhood.
2 I will never forget the day __________ New China was founded.
3 The school ___________ he studies was built last year.
4 The reason __________ he didn’t come to class is that he was ill.
5 I don’t like the way ___________ he talks.
6 This was a time __________ you had got to have a passbook to live in the city.
7 The story happened on a day __________ was wet and cold.
8 The story happened on a day ___________ the weather was wet and cold.
9 The place __________ interests the children most is Disneyland.
10 The place _________ you stayed for 3 years is now turned to be a park.
11 This is one of the best novels _________ (were / was ) published last year.
12 This is the only one of the best novels _________(were / was) published last year.
13 The doctor did all _________ he could to save the patient.
14 This is the factory _________ they worked ten years ago.
15 Those are the labs _________ we visited last years.
16 It is on a Sunday afternoon _______ I met Linda.
17 He talked of the things and persons ________ he had seen abroad.
18 It was at eight o’clock ________ I got everything ready.
19 It was eight o’clock ________ I got everything ready.
20 It was in the factory ________ we saw all kinds of TV sets.
21 The hospital where he stayed for 3 days is in the center of the city.
The hospital _____ ________ he stayed for 3 days is in the centre of the city.
22 The day when I met him in Beijing was sunny.
The day ______ _________ I met him in Beijing was sunny.
参考答案
状语；主语；宾语；定语。
1 where 2 when 3 where 4 why 5 that / in which 6 when 7 which 8 when 9 which / that 10 where 11 that were 12 that was 13 that 14 where 15 that / which 16 that 17 that 18 that 19 when 20 that 21 in which 22 on whichUnit 2 English around the world
Teaching aims and demands:
Topic:
English language and its development; different kinds of English
Vocabulary:
include, role, international, native, elevator, flat, apartment, rubber, petrol, gad, modern, however, culture, actually, present(adj.), rule(v.), vocabulary, usage, government, rapidly, candy, lorry, command, polite, request, boss, standard, Midwestern, southern, eastern, southeastern, northwestern, Spanish, recognize, accent, lightning, direction, ma’ma, block
Useful expressions:
play a role in, because of, come up, such as, give a command, play a part
Function: language difficulties in communication
Pardon
I beg your pardon I don’t understand.
Could you say that again, please
Sorry, I can’t follow you.
Could you repeat that, please
Can you speak more slowly, please
Grammar: imperative sentences and its indirect speech
Open the door.
Please open the door.
Would you please open the door
He told me to open the door.
Period 1 Warming up
Teaching Aim:
1. Ss will be able to know some differences between British English and American English.
2. Ss will be able to master some usages of the words and phrases.
Step 1 Lead-in (Start with a free chat with Ss about learning English.)
T: How many years have you learnt English
________________________________________________________________
How many languages do we speak
________________________________________________________________
What do you find difficult in learning English ________________________________________________________________
Do you think it necessary for us Ss to master such a foreign language
________________________________________________________________
In which countries is English used as the native language
________________________________________________________________
Do you think the Englishes spoken all around the world are all the same Enjoy BBC and VOA
________________________________________________________________
Step 2 discussion
Activity 1. Ss discuss in groups about the differences between British English and American English, and give some examples.
Activity 2. Ss guess which of the following words is British English and which is American English:
apartment/flat bathroom/toilet can/tin candy/sweet
check/banknote (cheque) elevator/lift fall/autumn game/match line/queue penal /pen friend mad/angry mail/ post
mom/mum movie(film)/film pants /trousers repair/mend
sick/ill cookie/biscuit crazy/mad drugstore/chemist’s gas/petrol
Step 3 warming up
T: Now let’s enjoy a dialogue between two foreigners.
T: Which language do they speak
________________________________________________________________
Why do they misunderstand each other
________________________________________________________________
Step 4 discussion
Do we need to learn both British and American English
________________________________________________________________
What kind of English would you like to learn
________________________________________________________________
Why
________________________________________________________________
Step 5 appreciation
Appreciate the dialogue between Bush and Blair
Step6 Homework
1. Preview reading
2. English weekly
3. p11 ex1,2.Period 2 Reading “Anne’s Best Friend”
1. Teaching objectives:
1) To develop the students’ reading ability, learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on;
2). To get the students to realize the importance of friends and friendship, and to tell true friends from false friends;
3). To grasp some useful words and expressions in this passage, such as on purpose, be crazy about etc.;
4). To learn the writing style of this passage.
Step 1.Pre-reading
1. Please enjoy three pieces of music and find out what they are about.
2. Does a friend always have to be a person What else can be your friend
________________________________________________________
3. What do you know about the World War II
4. Background introduction
Step 2 fast reading
1. Who is Anne
________________________________________________________
Who/What was Anne’s best friend
________________________________________________________
When and where did the story happen
________________________________________________________
2. fill in the form below.
The time of the story
The place of the story
The heroine of the story
Anne’s best friend
The length of time they hid away
The date of the diary
Step 3. Careful Reading
1. Answer the following questions:
Why did Anne made her diary her best friend
________________________________________________________
What is an ordinary diary like according to Anne What about her diary
________________________________________________________
Why was she so crazy about things to do with nature
________________________________________________________
Why did she stay awake on purpose until very late one evening
________________________________________________________
Why didn’t she dare open the window when the moon was too bright
________________________________________________________
How do you understand the expressions “spellbound” and “held me entirely in their powder”
________________________________________________________
2. Reading to summarise the main idea of each paragraph.
Skim the text and summarise the main idea of each paragraph in one sentence.
Para. One:.
Para. Two:
Para. Three: .
Step 4 Post-reading
1. Comprehending exercises (on paper)
Time Nature Feeling
Before hiding
After hiding
2. Discuss what kind of feelings of Anne the following words from the letter imply.
words Anne’s feeling
nature
outdoors
crazy
didn’t dare
thundering, entirely, power
Step5. Activity
Four students a group to discuss the situation:
Suppose you four have to hide yourselves for 3 months. During the three months, you will be offered the basic food, water and clothes. Your group can take 5 things with you.
What will you take Why
How will you spend the 3 months
How will you treat each other and make friends
Step 6. Homework
Review the important words, phrases and difficult sentences in the text and make sentences using the words given by the teacher.
Finish Ex.1-3 on p4.Unit4 Earthquakes-vocabulary&Expressions学案
I．Important words:
1、burst vi. 爆裂 ( burst , burst )
n. 突然爆裂，爆发
eg: Water-pipes often burst in cold weather .
水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。
﹝搭配﹞
① burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然···起来
burst into laughter = burst out laughing 放声大笑
burst into tears =burst out crying 放声大哭
② burst into \ break into the room 破门而入
﹝即学即练﹞
The police A the room and caught the murder.
A. burst into B. entered into
C. looked into D. shouted at
③ a burst of anger 一阵发怒
2、ruin
（1）n. 废墟，毁灭
eg: We saw the ruins of the church .
我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。
（2）vt. 毁灭，使破产
﹝搭配﹞
① be \lie in ruins 破败不堪
eg: The building is in ruins.
那座建筑物已成断壁残垣。
② fall into ruins 成为废墟
﹝辨析﹞ ruin \ destroy \ damage
ruin 指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，也可以指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
destroy 指彻底毁坏，不能修复。
damage 指局部损坏，但可以修复。
填空：
（1）The building was completely destroyed by fire.
（2）His car hit a tree by the roadside and was damaged . So he had to have it repaired.
（3）My new shoes get ruined in the mud.
3、injure vt. 损害，伤害
eg:① Smoking will injure your health.
吸烟会损害你的健康。
② He get injured in a traffic accident last year.
去年他在一次交通事故中受了伤。
﹝辨析﹞ injure, hurt, wound
injure 常指偶然事故对人造成的“损害”。
hurt v.受伤，伤害。常用于口语，主要指肉体或感情上所受到的伤害，也含有“疼痛（vi.）”的意思。
wound vt. 伤，伤害。& n.伤，伤口。指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中、战斗中受伤。
填空：
① He got wounded in the war.
② He didn’t want to hurt her feelings.
③ Yesterday my leg hurt .
④ Tom fell down from the tree and injured/hurt his legs.
4、shock v. (使)震惊，震动 U n. 休克，打击，震惊
C n. 令人震惊的事
﹝派生词﹞ shocked adj. 震惊的
shocking adj. 令人震惊的
﹝搭配﹞① be shocked at (doing) sth. 对（做）某事感到震惊
② be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事
eg: ① The child’s bad language shocked everyone （使大家都感到震惊）。
② He was shocked at her smoking.
他对她的抽烟感到震惊。
③ The news of his wife’s death was a great shock to him.（一个沉重的打击）
④ All of the people present felt shocked at the shocking news. 所有在场的人们对这个令人震惊的消息感到震惊。
5、judge n.裁判员，法官 vt. 断定，判断，判决
eg: You can’t judge a person by his appearance.
你不能以貌取人。
﹝搭配﹞ ① judge sb.\ sth. (to be) + n.\ adj. 判决···，判断···
② judging from 根据···来判断
eg: ① The court judged him guilty .
法庭判据他有罪。
② I judge it better to tell her.
我认为最好告诉他。
③ Judging from his looks, he is a kind man.
根据他的相貌来判断，他是一个好人。
Ⅱ、Important phrases:
1、as if = as though 好像，似乎
（1）如果as if 从句表示的事情可能是真实的，通常使用陈述语气。
eg: ① It looks as if it is going to rain.
天似乎要下雨了。
② It sounds as if somebody is knocking at the door.
听起来好像有人在敲门。
（2）如果as if 从句表示的内容与事实相反或是一种假想，通常使用虚拟语气。
a.从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
b.从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done.
c.从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would\ could\ might + 动词原形。
eg:①(95年全国) When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it C .
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
② She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.
她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
③ She learns English so hard as if she would go to the U.S.A.
她学英语如此努力好像她要去美国似的。
（3）as if 后面可直接加doing\ to do\ adj.
eg:① She stood at the door as if waiting for someone.
她站在门口好像在等某人。
② He opened his mouth as if to say something.
他张开口，好像要说话似的。
③ She left the room as if angry.
她离开了房间，好像很生气。
2、at an end 结束，终结（常作表语）
eg: The war was finally at an end.
战争终于结束了。
﹝拓展﹞ at the end of 在···尽头，在···末尾
by the end of 到···为止
in the end 最后，终于
make ends meet 收支相抵
come to an end 结束
3、a (great) number of 许多，大量的 （后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数）
eg: A number of students were against the plan.
许多学生反对这个计划。
﹝拓展﹞① many, a great\ good many, hundreds of, thousands of, millions of, (quite) a few + 可数名词复数
② much, a great deal of, (quite) a little + 不可数名词
③ plenty of, a lot of, lots of + 可数名词复数\不可数名词
﹝巩固运用﹞ The number of people invited B 50, but a number of them .
absent.
A. was; was B. was; were
C. were; was D. were; werePeriod 3 Language points
Step 1 language points
1.because of / because
2.even if
3. come up to my flat
4. over time
5.communicate with sb.
6. actually
7. be based on
8. in the 1600’s / in the 1600s
9. such as / for example
10. a number of \ the number of
Step 2 practice
不仅仅
在……中担任角色
因为
尽管、即使
走近，上来
与某人交流
以……为基础
现在
利用，使用
10、例如
11、一些,若干
12、在十七世纪
13、在一段时间里
14、与……不同
Step 3 correction：
He got very angry because what you said.
Foreigners should follow these habits when they are visiting those countries.
I’ve recognized him for three years.
A dictionary helps one to recognize correct and incorrect uses.
I can say a little English now.
The road of modern English.
高考资源网
