(共38张PPT)
Unit
6
Birdwatching
Grammar
2020年秋牛津译林版英语八年级上册精品课件
学
习
目
标
掌握“动词+宾语+动词不定式to
do”的结构。
1
学习用动词不定式to
do
和in
order
to
表示目的。
2
People
build
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve
________________
to
protect
wildlife.
Why
do
people
build
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve?
课
堂
导
入
Every
year
many
tourists
go
to
Zhalong
________________
.
to
watch
the
birds
Why
do
many
tourists
go
to
Zhalong
every
year?
The
members
of
the
Birdwatching
Society
go
there
___________________
to
study
the
birds.
Why
do
the
members
of
the
Birdwatching
Society
go
to
Zhalong?
The
Chinese
government
has
made
laws
___________
all
these
things
in
Zhalong.
to
prevent
Why
has
the
Chinese
government
made
laws?
build
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve
to
protect
wildlife
go
to
Zhalong
to
watch
the
birds
go
to
Zhalong
to
study
the
birds
make
laws
to
prevent
all
these
things
A
Using
to-
infinitives
for
purpose
We
can
use
to-infinitives
to
express...
A.
reason
原因
B.purpose目的
Grammar
课
堂
学
习
Task
1:Describe
the
pictures
play
football
/
keep
fit
The
boy
plays
football
every
day
to
keep
fit.
drink
milk
/
sleep
better
The
baby
drinks
milk
to
sleep
better.
go
to
the
supermarket
/
buy
food
and
drinks
go
to
the
library
/
read
books
They
go
to
the
supermarket
to
buy
food
and
drinks.
They
go
to
the
library
to
read
books.
We
can
also
use
in
order
to
to
express
purpose.
go
to
Zhalong
to
watch
the
birds
go
there
to
study
the
birds
make
laws
to
protect
the
birds
take
a
camera
to
take
photos
of
the
birds
go
to
Zhalong
in
order
to
watch
the
birds
go
there
in
order
to
study
the
birds
make
laws
in
order
to
protect
the
birds
take
a
camera
in
order
to
take
photos
of
the
birds
注意：
由in
order
to引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。
e.g.
They
started
early
in
order
to
get
there
in
time.
In
order
to
get
there
in
time,
they
started
early.
为了及时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。
The
girl
puts
on
the
coat
in
order
to
keep
warm.
put
on
the
coat
/
not
catch
a
cold
The
girl
put
on
the
coat
in
order
not
to
catch
a
cold.
put
on
the
coat
/
keep
warm
Task
2:Describe
the
pictures
get
up
early
/
not
be
late
for
school
listen
carefully
in
class
/
not
miss
anything
important
She
gets
up
early
in
order
not
to
be
late
for
school.
They
listen
carefully
in
class
in
order
not
to
miss
anything
important.
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve
What
people
do
in
Zhalong
1
People
go
to
Zhalong
__
a
to
take
photos
of
the
birds.
2
They
should
read
about
__
b
to
study
the
the
birds
first
birds
in
the
wetlands.
3
Most
People
take
a
__
c
to
watch
the
camera
birds.
4
The
Birdwtching
__
d
to
learn
more
Society
goes
about
them.
a
d
b
c
动词不定式作目的状语
Task
3
Exercises
“Dear
classmates,
we
are
now
inviting
you
to
help
us.
At
present
we
need
more
people
to
count
and
describe
the
birds.
If
you
have
time,
please
join
us.
And
we
also
ask
people
not
to
catch
birds
for
any
reason.
Please
tell
your
friends
and
parents.”
verb+
sb.
+(not)
to-infinitives
What
the
members
of
Birdwatching
Society
said:
We
are
now
inviting
you
to
help
us.
We
need
more
people
to
count
and
describe
the
birds.
动词不定式用于说明宾语的情况，在句子中作宾语补足语,简称宾补。
verb+
sb.
+(not)
to-infinitives
动词不定式作宾语补足语，有带to和不带to两种形式。
The
teacher
told
me
to
clean
the
blackboard.
I
want
you
to
give
me
some
help.
invite,
advise,
tell,
allow,
ask,
teach,
get,
wish,
like,
love,
hate,
order,
want,
warn（警告）encourage（鼓励）---
+
sb.
to
do
sth.
引导不定式作宾补（带to）的动词：
Our
teacher
advised
us
not
to
go
to
bed
late
.
The
government
has
made
laws
to
warn（警告）
the
people
not
to
hurt
the
wild
animals
We
add
not
before
to-infinitives
to
express
a
negative（否定的）
meaning.
In
order
to
protect
the
wildlife,
we
should
ask
people
not
to
cut
down
the
trees
and
forests.
Our
teacher
told
us
not
to
spend
much
time
playing
computer
games.
We
birds
for
any
reason.
(我们要求人们不要为任何理由去捕获鸟）
ask
people
not
to
catch
1.
tell
sb.
not
to
do
sth
2.
advise
sb.
not
to
do
sth
3.
order
sb.
not
to
do
sth
4.
ask
sb.
not
to
do
sth
5.
warn
（警告）sb.
not
to
do
sth
verb+
sb.
+
not
to-infinitives
Some
animal
shows
I
watched
a
monkey
ride
a
bike.
We
saw
an
elephant
play
football.
The
zookeeper
let
dolphins
play
some
tricks.
We
saw
a
tiger
jump
through
rings.
I
heard
many
people
shout
excitedly.
Task
4
Watch
and
say
make
or
let
+
object
+
infinitive
without
to
e.g.
Max
tells
funny
jokes
and
often
makes
me
laugh.
Mr
Wu
agreed
to
let
me
join
their
school
trip.
常跟不带to的动词不定式的动词
e.g.
She
saw
a
baby
panda
drink
her
mother’s
milk.
Millie
and
Amy
heard
someone
sing
in
the
park.
see
or
hear
+
object
+
infinitive
without
to
notice
listen
to
hear
watch
五看
see
look
at
observe
三使
let
make
have
二听
一感觉:
feel
+
sb.
do
sth.
（不带to）
help
+
object
+
infinitive
with
to
or
without
to
e.g.
This
will
help
people
(to)
understand
importance
of
the
wetlands.
She
often
helps
me
(to)
do
the
housework.
动词help后面的动词不定式可带to,
也可不带to。
The
Class
1,
Grade
8
students
went
to
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve.
Sandy
is
writing
about
their
trip.
Help
her
complete
the
sentences
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
verbs
in
brackets.
Going
birdwatching
Task
5
Exercises
1.
Mr
Wu
_____
us
________
a
pair
of
comfortable
shoes
because
we
would
have
to
walk
a
long
way.
(ask/wear)
2.
We
______
some
birds
_____
in
the
trees.
(hear/sing)
3.
Mr
Wu
_____
us
_________
the
birds
carefully.
(tell/watch)
4.
He
also
__________
us
__________
the
birds.
(want/describe)
asked
to
wear
heard
sing
told
to
watch
wanted
to
describe
5.
He
_______
us
__________
in
the
wetlands.
(advise/not
shout)
6.
The
cold
weather
some
birds
______
south
for
the
winter.
(make/fly)
7.
The
trip
_______
us
_________
more
about
wildlife.
(help/learn)
made/makes
helped
(to)
learn
fly
advised
not
to
shout
1.
He
went
to
the
library
because
he
wanted
to
borrow
some
books.(改为同义句)
He
went
to
the
library
some
books.
2.
She
often
goes
to
Shanghai
to
see
her
parents.
(对划线部分提问)
__________________________________
Why
does
she
often
go
to
Shanghai?
in
order
to
borrow
一、句型转换
课
堂
达
标
1.
Father
often
tells
me
____
too
much
time
on
computer
games.
A.
don’t
spend
B.
not
spend
C.
not
to
spend
D.
not
spending
2.
—
Why
are
you
so
excited?
—
Peter
invited
me
______
on
a
trip
to
Yuntai
Mountain.
A.
to
go
B.
go
C.
going
D.
went
二、单项选择
1.
当小鹤足够大的时候，她的妈妈会让她独自去觅食。
When
the
young
crane
is
old
enough,
her
mother
will
make
.
2.
为了飞去南方，天鹅必须要刻苦练习飞翔。
____________,
swans
must
practice
flying
hard.
her
look
for
food
alone
To
fly
to
the
south
三.完成句子
Review
the
Grammar
and
make
some
sentences
with
“to-infinitives
for
purpose”
and
“verbs
+
objects
+
to-infinitives”.
Homework
Thank
you
!
谢谢
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Unit
6
Birdwatching
Grammar
设计说明
首先通过一些课文原句的复习导入到本课时语法——动词不定式作目的状语的用法和“动词+宾语+动词不定式to
do”结构。通过图片描述进一步了解动词不定式作目的状语的用法和“动词+宾语+动词不定式to
do”的结构，并通过对应练习检验所学语法知识。
教学目标
通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：
1.知识目标
掌握词汇：write
down
2.能力目标
(1)掌握“动词+宾语+动词不定式to
do”结构。
(2)学习用动词不定式to
do
和in
order
to
表示目的。
3.情感目标
让学生感受语言的趣味性，同时培养他们学习英语的兴趣。
重点难点
重点：(1)掌握“动词+宾语+动词不定式to
do”结构；
(2)学习用动词不定式to
do
和in
order
to表示目的。
难点：(1)掌握“动词+宾语+动词不定式to
do”结构；
(2)学习用动词不定式to
do
和in
order
to表示目的。
教学准备
PPT
课件。
授课时数
1课时
教学过程
Step
1
Lead-in
Ask
the
students
to
answer
the
following
questions
to
link
up
Grammar.
1.
Why
do
people
build
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve?
2.
Why
do
many
tourists
go
to
Zhalong
every
year?
3.
Why
do
the
members
of
the
Birdwatching
Society
go
to
Zhalong
once
a
year?
4.
Why
has
the
Chinese
government
made
laws?
Answers：
1.
People
build
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve
to
protect
wildlife.
2.
Every
year
many
tourists
go
to
Zhalong
to
watch
the
birds.
3.
They
go
there
to
study
the
birds.
4.
The
Chinese
government
has
made
laws
to
preventall
these
things
in
Zhalong.
Step
2Grammar
动词不定式作目的状语
1.动词不定式作目的状语
(1)动词不定式作目的状语,主要用来修饰动词,表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时,还可以在前面加?in?order,即in?order?to?do?sth.。
He?gets?up?very?early?every?day?to?get?to?school?ontime.
他每天很早起床以便按时到校。
He?eats?more?fruit?and?vegetables?in?order?to?keephealthy.
为了保持健康,他吃更多的水果和蔬菜。
(2)in?order?to引导目的状语,既可以置于句中,也可以置于句首;它的否定形式为in?order
not?to。
They?started?early?in?order?to?get?there?in?time.
=In?order?to?get?there?in?time,they?started?early.
为了及时赶到那里,他们很早就出发了。
I?wrote?it?down?in?order?not?to?forget.为了不忘记,我把它写下来了。
2.动词不定式的复合结构作目的状语。当动词不定式有自己的执行者时,要用动词不定式的复合结构（在动词不定式之前加“for+名词/宾格代词”）作状语。
He?opened?the?door?for?the?children?to?come?in.他打开门让孩子们进来。
3.目的状语从句与动词不定式的转换。在英语中,目的状语从句还可以转换为动词不定式作状语,从而使句子在结构上得以简化。
(1)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时,可以直接简化为动词不定式作状语。
We’ll?start?early?in?order?that/so?that?we?may?arrivein?time.
=We’ll?start?early(in?order)to?arrive?intime.
为了可以及时到达,我们会很早出发。
(2)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时,要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。
I?came?early?in?order?that?you?might?read?my?reportbefore?the?meeting.
=I?came?early?for?you?to?readmy?report?before?the?meeting.
我早来是为了让你在会议之前读到我的报告。
Step
3
Practice
Ask
students
to
finish
the
exercises
on
page73.
1
People
go
to
Zhalong________a
to
take
photos
of
the
birds.
2
They
should
read
about________b
to
study
the
birds
in
the
wetlands
the
birds
first
3
Most
People
take
a
camera________c
to
watch
the
birds.
4
The
BirdwtchingSociety
goes________
d
to
learn
more
about
them.
Answers:
c
d
a
b
Step
4
Grammar
动词不定式用作宾语补足语
动词不定式充当宾语补足语时,表示的是宾语所发出的动作或用来表示宾语的状态、特性、身份等。其否定形式是在动词不定式前加上not。
The?teacher?wants?us?to?become?good?pupils.
老师想让我们成为好学生。
I?didn’t?expect?you?to?arrive?here?so?soon.
我没有料到你会这么快到这里。
I?asked?my?mother?not?to?buy?fur?coats?any?more.
我叫妈妈不要再买毛皮大衣。
【拓展】
①谓语动词如果是使役动词?make,let,have或感官动词(短语)see,hear,watch,notice,observe,feel,look?at,listen?to等,后面复合结构中的动词不定式去掉to。但在被动语态中to不可省略。
They?made?the?boy?go?to?bed?early.他们让那个男孩早睡。
I?don’t?want?to?let?him?come?in.我不想让他进来。
②在一些感官动词后面既可以用现在分词,又可以用动词不定式构成复合结构,但两者有差别。现在分词表示的动作正在发生,动词不定式表示的动作经常发生或已结束。
He?saw?the?girl?singing.他看见那个女孩正在唱歌。
He?saw?the?girl?sing.他看见那个女孩唱歌了。
③help后作宾语补足语的动词不定式可加to也可不加to。
I’ll?help?you(to)carry?the?box.我将会帮助你搬这个箱子。
Step
5
Practice
Ask
studentsto
finish
the
exercises
on
page
74.
(1)Mr
Wu_______us_______a
pair
of
comfortable
shoes
because
we
would
have
to
walk
a
long
way.
(ask/wear)
(2)We_______some
birds_______in
the
trees.
(hear/sing)
(3)Mr
Wu_______us
_______
the
birds
carefully.
(tell/watch)
(4)He
also
_______us
_______the
birds.
(want/describe)
(5)He
_______us
_______in
the
wetlands.
(advise/not
shout)
(6)The
cold
weather
_______some
birds
_______south
for
the
winter.
(make/fly)
(7)The
trip
_______
us
_______
more
about
wildlife.
(help/learn)
Answers:
(1)
asked,
to
wear
(2)
heard,
sing
(3)told,
to
watch
(4)wanted,
to
describe
(5)
advised,
not
to
shout
(6)
made,
fly
(7)
helped,(to)
learn
Step
6
Homework
Review
the
Grammar
and
make
some
sentences
with
“to-infinitives
for
purpose”
and
“verbs
+
objects
+
to-infinitives”.
当堂达标
Ⅰ.
句型转换。
1.
He
went
to
the
library
because
he
wanted
to
borrow
some
books.（改为同义句）
He
went
to
the
library____________some
books.
2.
She
often
goes
to
Shanghai
to
see
her
parents.
(对画线部分提问)
_____________she
often
go
to
Shanghai?
Ⅱ.
单项选择。
1.
Father
often
tells
me
____________
too
much
time
on
computer
games.
A.
don’t
spend
B.
not
spend
C.
not
to
spend
D.
not
spending
2.
—
Why
are
you
so
excited?
—
Peter
invited
me____________on
a
trip
to
Yuntai
Mountain.
A.
to
go
B.
go
C.
going
D.
went
Ⅲ.完成句子。
1.
当小鹤足够大的时候，她的妈妈会让她独自去觅食。
When
the
young
crane
is
old
enough,
her
mother
will
make
_________________________________.
2.
为了飞去南方，天鹅必须要刻苦练习飞翔。
____________,
swans
must
practice
flying
hard.
Answers：
Ⅰ.
1.in
order
to
borrow
2.Why
does
Ⅱ.
1.C
2.A
Ⅲ.
1.
her
look
for
food
alone
2.To
fly
to
the
south
板书设计
Unit
6
Birdwatching
Grammar动词不定式to
do和in
order
to表示目的They
started
early
in
order
to
get
there
in
time.
In
order
to
get
there
in
time,
they
started
early.verb+sb.+(not)to-infinitivesThe
teacher
told
me
to
clean
the
blackboard.
I
want
you
to
give
me
some
help.一感觉feel
二听listen
to
hear
三使let
make
have
五看watch
seelook
atobserve
notice常跟不带to的动词不定式
make
or
let
+
object
+
infinitive
without
to动词help后面的动词不定式可带to,
也可不带to
教学反思
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