介绍节日
本单元写作任务要求写一封信介绍节日。介绍节日时，要注意介绍该节日的特色活动或描述该节日的主要特征。
[基本框架]
1．开头：引出正文；
2．主体：介绍该节日的特色活动或描述该节日的主要特征；
3．结尾：表达愿望(希望对方感受节日文化)。
[常用词块]
1．celebrate
the
festival
庆祝节日
2．in
memory
of/in
honor
of
为纪念……
3．exchange
gifts
交换礼物
4．dress
up
打扮；装扮
5．family
reunion
家人团圆
6．a
display
of
fireworks
烟火表演
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
The
Spring
Festival
falls
on
the
1st
day
of
the
lunar
month.
春节是在阴历的1月1日。
Children's
Day
takes
place
on
June
1st
every
year.
儿童节是在每年的6月1日。
The
15th
day
of
the
1st
lunar
month
is
the
Lantern
Festival.
阴历的1月15日是元宵节。
As
Teachers'
Day
was
approaching，our
class
decided
to
hold
a
party
to
celebrate
the
important
day
for
a
change
this
year.
随着教师节的临近，今年为了换一种方式来庆祝这个重要日子，我们班决定举办一场晚会。
★丰满主体
Festivals
make
us
reunite，making
all
in
high
spirits.
节日让我们团聚在一起，人们都很欢乐。
The
custom
of
worshiping
and
admiring
the
moon
dates
back
to
several
thousand
years
ago.
祭月赏月的风俗追溯到几千年前。
Celebrating
festivals
is
a
good
way
to
hand
down
the
tradition.
庆祝节日是传承传统的好方法。
I
can
have
a
good
rest
and
put
trouble
aside
on
this
special
day.
在这个特殊的日子里我可以好好休息一下，把烦恼丢到一边。
On
the
Eve
of
the
Spring
Festival，firstly，family
members
get
together
and
have
big
meals.Then，they
watch
the
Spring
Festival
Gala
on
TV.
在除夕之夜，家庭成员首先聚在一起吃大餐，然后一起观看电视上的春节联欢晚会。
★余味结尾
Christmas
Day
is
probably
the
most
widely
celebrated
religious
occasion
in
the
West.
在西方圣诞节或许是被最普遍庆祝的宗教庆典。
When
they
grow
up，these
photos
can
remind
them
of
their
happy
childhood.
当他们长大的时候，这些照片可以使他们想起他们快乐的童年。
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom想了解中国的中秋节，请你给他写一封电子邮件介绍这一节日。
注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：阴历lunar
calendar
Dear
Tom，
Best
wishes.
Yours，
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Tom，
It's
my
pleasure
to
introduce
you
to
Chinese
Mid?Autumn
Festival.
As
one
of
the
most
important
traditional
Chinese
festivals，the
Mid?Autumn
Festival
falls
on
the
15th
day
of
the
8th
month
of
the
Chinese
lunar
calendar.Considered
to
be
a
symbol
of
plenty，harmony
and
luck，the
Mid?Autumn
Festival
is
a
time
for
family
members
to
get
together.In
the
evening，we
appreciate
the
bright
silver
moon
while
eating
delicious
moon
cakes
and
celebrate
our
happy
life
or
think
about
our
relatives
and
friends
far
from
home.
I
am
expecting
your
coming
to
enjoy
such
a
joyful
festival.
Best
wishes.
Yours，
Li
HuaⅠ.匹配词义
a．单词匹配
( )1.lunar
A．n.收成
( )2.harvest
B．n.幻想，想象
( )3.participate
C．n.(建筑物、汽车、帐篷等的)顶，
顶部
( )4.vote
D．n.警告，警示，告诫
( )5.fantasy
E．v.参加，参与
( )6.polar
F．v.投票，表决
( )7.roof
G．v.抱怨，不满，发牢骚
( )8.complain
H．adj.月球的
( )9.warning
I．adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的
( )10.starving
J．adj.地极的
[答案] 1－5 HAEFB 6－10
JCGDI
b．短语匹配
( )1.take
place
A．把……视作……
( )2.in
memory
of
B．把……寄给……
( )3.regardless
of
C．把……包裹起来
( )4.keep．．．alive．．．
D．使……活着
( )5.as
long
as
E．发生，进行
( )6.regard．．．as．．．
F．许多，大量
( )7.address．．．to．．．
G．长达，和……一样长
( )8.wrap
up
H．除……之外，也，还
( )9.a
number
of
I．为了纪念……
( )10.as
well
as
J．不管，不顾
[答案] 1－5 EIJDG 6－10 ABCFH
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．literature
n．
文学
2．dragon
n.
龙
3．decoration
n.
装饰物
4．inequality
n.
(社会上的)不平等
5．envelope
n.
信封
6．pole
n.
(行星的)地级，(尤指地球的)北极或南极
7．honour
v.
向……表示敬意
8．regard
v.
认为，看作
9．regular
adj.
频繁的，经常的
10．regardless
adv.
不管，不顾
Ⅰ.语境填词
honour，harvest，vote，regardless，fantasy，novel，regard，literature，envelope，regular
1．A
timely
snow
promises
a
good
harvest．
2．I
regard
it
as
my
duty
to
offer
him
help.
3．It
is
agreed
that
this
is
the
best
novel
he
has
ever
written.
4．I
folded
the
letter
and
then
put
it
into
the
envelope．
5．Her
good
health
is
chiefly
due
to
proper
diet
and
regular
exercise.
6．Literature
and
art
can
only
spring
from
the
life
of
the
people.
7．We
will
listen
to
the
arguments
on
both
sides
and
then
vote
on
it.
8．Stop
looking
for
the
perfect
job—it's
just
a
fantasy．
9．We
are
here
today
to
honour
the
men
and
women
who
gave
their
lives
for
the
country.
10．He
serves
the
public
wholeheartedly，regardless
of
his
personal
gain
or
loss.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．With
his
limitless(limit)
imagination，he
created
a
new
world
for
his
daughter.
2．When's
the
food
coming？I'm
starving(starve)!
3．The
children
enjoyed
the
freedom(free)
of
the
school
holidays.
4．The
poet(poem)
must
have
been
very
young
when
he
wrote
this
poem.
5．When
will
they
finish
the
decoration(decorate)of
the
bathroom?
6．If
you
wish
to
make
a
complaint(complain)
about
the
service，you
should
see
the
manager.
7．The
government
has
issued
a
warning(warn)
that
the
fish
may
not
be
fit
to
eat.
8．Some
people
held
that
crime
was
sometimes
caused
by
economic
inequality(equality)．
9．This
was
a
show
with
lots
of
audience
participation(participate)．
1．Every
Christmas，an
envelope
with
a
North
Pole
stamp
arrived.It
was
addressed
to
Tolkien's
children.
每年圣诞节，都会有一个贴着北极邮票的信封到达。它是写给托尔金的孩子们的。
2．Letters
from
Father
Christmas
tells
us
that
as
well
as
enjoying
the
adventures
of
Father
Christmas，Polar
Bear
and
other
characters
at
the
North
Pole，we
can
all
share
the
true
spirit
of
giving
at
Christmas
time.
《圣诞老人的来信》告诉我们，除了领略圣诞老人、北极熊和其他人在北极的冒险经历，我们还可以分享圣诞期间赠予的真谛。
名师圈点
①keep．．．alive
使……活着，保持
②as．．．as
sb.can
某人尽可能……地
③regard
v．认为，看作
※regard．．．as．．．
把……视作……
④literature
n．文学
⑤one's
way
of
doing
sth.＝one's
way
to
do
sth.某人做某事的方式
⑥more
than
超过，多于
⑦envelope
n．信封
⑧pole
n．(行星的)地极，(尤指地球的)北极或南极
⑨sth.be
addressed
to
sb.＝address
sth.to
sb.把(信)寄给某人
⑩handwritten
adj.手写的
?illustrate
v．给(书籍、文章等)加插图
?adventure
n．冒险，冒险经历
?regular
adj.频繁的，经常的
?character
n．人物，角色
?polar
adj.地极的
?roof
n．(建筑物、汽车、帐篷等的)顶，顶部
?complain
v．抱怨，不满，发牢骚
※complain
about
抱怨……
?stop
sb.(from)
doing
sth.阻止某人做某事
?wrap
up
把……包裹起来
?interestingly
adv.有趣的是
warning
n．警告，警示，告诫
all
over
the
world
世界各地
a
number
of
许多，大量
starving
adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的
※starve
v.
(使)挨饿，(使)饿死
as
well
as
除……之外
in
a．．．
way
以……方式
原文呈现
THE
REAL
FATHER
CHRISTMAS
Many
people
still
remember
the
magic
of
Father
Christmas
from
when
they
were
children.As
parents，they
try
to
keep
that
magic
alive①
for
their
children
for
as
long
as
they
can②.
That
is
why
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
could
be
the
perfect
book
for
those
who
regard③
Christmas
as
a
special
time
of
year.[1]
The
man
who
wrote
these
letters[2]
is
one
of
the
most
famous
names
in
English
literature④—J.R.R.Tolkien，author
of
The
Lord
of
the
Rings.The
letters
were
Tolkien's
way
of
keeping⑤
Father
Christmas
alive
for
his
four
children，over
a
period
of
more
than⑥
twenty
years.
[1]句中why引导表语从句，其中who
regard
Christmas
as
a
special
time
of
year是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those。
[2]who
wrote
these
letters是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the
man。
Every
Christmas，an
envelope⑦
with
a
North
Pole⑧
stamp
arrived.It
was
addressed
to⑨
Tolkien's
children.Who
could
it
be
from?
The
children
must
have
been
very
excited
as
they
opened
it.[3]
Inside，they
would
find
a
handwritten⑩
letter
from
Father
Christmas.The
letters
were
also
beautifully
illustrated?
—
each
must
have
taken
its
true
author，Tolkien，a
long
time
to
complete[4]．
[3]句中as引导时间状语从句，主句中must
have
been是“must
have
done”的结构，表示“一定做过某事”。
[4]each
must
have
taken
its
true
author，Tolkien，a
long
time
to
complete是“sth.take
sb.some
time
to
do
sth.”的结构，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
The
letters
told
wonderful
stories
about
Father
Christmas's
life
and
adventures?
at
the
North
Pole.A
regular?
character?
in
the
letters
was
Polar?
Bear，who
once
climbed
the
North
Pole(an
actual
pole
in
this
case)
and
fell
through
the
roof?
of
Father
Christmas's
house[5]．In
another
letter，Father
Christmas
complained?
about
how
he
could
not
stop
his
helpers
playing?
games
with
the
toys
instead
of
wrapping
them
up?[6]．Interestingly?，the
letters
did
not
contain
the
usual
warnings
to
children
that
they
might
not
receive
their
presents
if
they
were
not
good[7]．The
letters
did，however，change[8]
as
Tolkien's
children
got
older：
．．．but
if
you
find
that
not
many
of
the
things
you
asked
for
have
come，and
not
perhaps
quite
as
many
as
sometimes，remember
that
this
Christmas
all
over
the
world
there
are
a
terrible
number
of
poor
and
starving
people[9]．
[5]who
once
climbed．．．Father
Christmas's
house是who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Polar
Bear。
[6]how
he
could
not
stop．．．wrapping
them
up是how引导的宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。
[7]that
they
might
not
receive
their
presents
if
they
were
not
good是that引导的同位语从句，说明the
usual
warnings的具体内容，其中包含if引导的条件状语从句。
[8]did
change属于“do/does/did＋动词原形”的结构，用来强调谓语动词。
[9]句中remember
that．．．是句子的主句，其中that引导的宾语从句是there
be结构，作remember的宾语；
if
you
find
that
not
many
of
the
things
you
asked
for
have
come．．．是if引导的条件状语从句，其中that引导的宾语从句，作find的宾语，
you
asked
for是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词the
things。
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
tells
us
that
as
well
as
enjoying
the
adventures
of
Father
Christmas，Polar
Bear
and
other
characters
at
the
North
Pole，we
can
all
share
the
true
spirit
of
giving
at
Christmas
time[10]．By
expressing
love
for
his
children
in
such
a
special
way，Tolkien
may
indeed
have
been
the
real
Father
Christmas.
[10]that
as
well
as
enjoying至句末是that引导的宾语从句，作tell的直接宾语。
译文参考
真正的圣诞老人
许多人仍然记得孩提时代圣诞老人的魔力。作为父母，他们设法尽可能长时间地为孩子们保留着这种魔力。
那就是为什么《圣诞老人的来信》对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中的特殊时刻的人来说可能是一本完美的书。写这些信的人是英国文学史上最著名的人物之一——J.R.R.托尔金，《指环王》的作者。托尔金在二十多年的时间里让他的四个孩子认为有圣诞老人，所用的方式就是写这些信。
每年圣诞节，都会有一个贴着北极邮票的信封到达。它是写给托尔金的孩子们的。会是谁寄来的呢？孩子们打开它的时候一定很兴奋。在里面，他们会发现一封圣诞老人的手写信件。这些信还配有精美的插图——每封信都一定是真正的作者托尔金花了很长时间才完成的。
这些信讲述了圣诞老人在北极的生活和冒险经历的精彩故事。信中经常出现的角色是一个北极熊，它曾经爬过北极(这里是一个实际的极点)，然后从圣诞老人的屋顶上掉了下来。在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他怎么都无法阻止他的助手们用玩具做游戏而不是把它们包起来。有趣的是，这些信并没有包含通常对孩子们的警告：如果他们表现不好，就可能收不到礼物。然而，随着托尔金的孩子们年龄的增长，这些信的内容确实变了：
……但是，如果你发现你没有收到你想要的许多礼物，或者没有你想要的那么多，请记住，在这个圣诞节时世界上还有许多穷人和挨饿的人。
《圣诞老人的来信》告诉我们，除了领略圣诞老人、北极熊和其他人在北极的冒险经历，我们还可以分享圣诞期间赠予的真谛。通过这样一种特殊的方式表达对孩子们的爱，也许托尔金才是真正的圣诞老人吧。The
object
of
a
New
Year
is
that
we
should
have
a
new
soul.
我们过新年的目的是迎接一个全新的自我。
The
breeze
sent
my
blessings，and
the
bright
moon
brought
my
greetings.
清风送去了我的祝福，明月带来了我的问候。
Let's
embrace
the
New
Year
and
go
to
the
future!
让我们拥抱新年，共赴未来！
In
this
brilliant
and
happy
New
Year's
Festival，I
wish
you
all
the
best!
在这辉煌快乐的新春佳节，祝您万事如意！
If
it
didn't
bring
you
joy
Just
leave
it
behind.
Let's
ring
in
the
New
Year
With
good
things
in
mind.
Let
every
bad
memory
go
That
brought
heartache
and
pain.
And
let's
turn
a
new
leaf
With
the
smell
of
new
rain.
Let's
forget
past
mistakes
Making
amends(补偿)
for
this
year.
Sending
you
these
greetings
To
bring
you
hope
and
cheer.
Christmas
Day，the
25th
of
December，is
the
biggest
festival
celebrated
in
the
Christian
countries
of
the
world.Although
everyone
enjoys
Christmas
Day，it
is
particularly
enjoyed
by
children，who
get
very
excited
because
of
the
presents
they
know
they
are
going
to
receive.Small
children
believe
that
their
presents
are
brought
by
Father
Christmas.Father
Christmas
is
a
kind
of
old
man
who
the
children
are
told，lives
at
the
North
Pole.He
travels
through
the
sky
on
a
sleigh(雪橇)
which
is
pulled
by
reindeers(驯鹿)
and
loaded
with
presents.Stopping
on
the
roof
of
houses，he
enters
by
climbing
down
the
chimney.When
small
children
go
to
bed
on
Christmas
Eve，they
hang
a
stocking
at
the
end
of
their
beds.Their
parents
warn
them
not
to
try
to
look
at
Father
Christmas，or
he
will
not
leave
them
anything.When
they
wake
up，they
find
their
stockings
filled
with
presents.Children
are
very
excited
on
Christmas
morning
and
always
wake
up
early.
[探索发现]
1．Find
out
the
reason
why
children
particularly
enjoy
Christmas
Day.
2．Who
do
you
think
is
the
real
Father
Christmas?
3．Can
you
name
out
some
other
Western
festivals?
[答案] 1.Because
children
can
receive
presents
on
that
day.
2．Children's
parents.
3．Easter(复活节)，Thanksgiving(感恩节)，Valentine's
Day(情
人
节)，Halloween(万圣节)，April
Fool's
Day(愚人节)，Carnival(狂欢节)等1．poem
n．诗，诗歌→poet
n．诗人
2．decorate
v．装饰，布置，美化→decoration
n．装饰物
3．free
adj.自由的→freedom
n．自由，自由权利
4．participate
v．参加，参与→participant
n．参与者
5．equality
n．平等→inequality
n．(社会上的)不平等
6．limit
n．限制，限度
v．限制，限定→limited
adj.有限的→limitless
adj.无限的
7．complain
v．抱怨，不满，发牢骚→complaint
n．抱怨
8．warn
v．警告，告诫→warning
n．警告，警示，告诫
9．starve
v．挨饿→starving
adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的→starvation
n．饥饿，挨饿，饿死
1．Honour
v．向……表示敬意；履行(职责/协议等)
n．荣誉，荣幸
①She
will
be
honoured
for
her
work
in
promoting
friendship
between
the
two
countries.
向……表示敬意
②Once
a
contract
is
signed，it
has
to
be
honoured.
履行
③It
is
an
honour
to
be
representing
my
country
to
compete
in
this
match.
荣誉，荣幸
2．vote
v．投票，表决
n．票数；选举权
①I
want
to
know
what
she
stands
for
before
I
vote
for
her.
投票，表决
②He
only
managed
a
narrow
victory
in
the
election.He
won
by
20
votes.
票数
③There
are
still
countries
in
the
world
where
women
do
not
have
the
vote.
选举权
Words
and
Phrases
honour
v．向……表示敬意，履行(职责/协议等)
n．荣誉，荣幸
(教材P13) ．．．is
to
honour
an
event.
……是为了纪念一个事件。
[例1] I
was
honoured
to
have
been
mentioned
in
his
speech.
他在讲话中提到了我，我很荣幸。
[例2] May
I
have
the
honour
of
dancing
with
you?
能和你跳支舞吗？
[造句] 能跟你们一起在这里庆祝中秋节我感到非常荣幸。
I
feel
honoured
to
be
here
to
celebrate
the
Mid?Autumn
Festival
with
you.
[知识拓展]
(1)
be
honoured
for．．．
因……而受到尊敬
be
honoured
as．．．
被尊为……
be/feel
honoured
to
do
sth.
因做某事而感到荣幸
(2)
in
honour
of/in
one's
honour
为向……表示敬意；为了纪念……
have
the
honour
of(doing)
sth.
有幸做某事
It
is
an
honour
to
do
sth.
很荣幸做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I
feel
honoured(honour)
to
be
invited
to
contribute
to
your
magazine.
＝It
is
an
honour
to
be
invited
to
contribute
to
your
magazine.
②They
are
honoured
by
people
for
their
honesty
and
selflessness.
③They
named
the
school
after
the
hero
in
honour
of
him.
participate
v．参加，参与
(教材P13) Freedom
Day
is
held
every
year
on
27
April
to
celebrate
South
Africa's
first
fully?participated
elections
in
1994．．．
自由节在每年4月27日举办，庆祝南非1994年第一次全面参加选举……
[例1] More
than
400
children
participated
in
the
clean?up
of
the
park.
400多个孩子参加了公园的清扫活动。
[例2] Terry
can't
participate
in
the
match
because
he
has
hurt
his
foot.
特里不能参加比赛，因为他扭了脚。
[造句] 他问我是否会参加会议。
He
asks
whether
I
can
participate
in
the
meeting.
[知识拓展]
participate
in
＝
take
part
in
参加，参与
participant
n.
参加者，参与者
participation
n.
参加，参与
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Everyone
in
the
class
is
expected
to
participate
actively
in
these
discussions.
②As
far
as
I
know，he
has
been
an
active
participant(participate)
in
the
discussion.
③Participation(participate)
in
sporting
events
will
help
us
lead
a
healthier
life.
[小片段助记]
Encouraged
by
the
teacher，the
participants
actively
participated
in
the
English
speech
contest.Their
participation
inspired
the
rest
of
the
class
to
study
hard.
vote
v．投票，表决
n．票数；选举权
(教材P13) ．．．in
which
everyone
was
allowed
to
vote
regardless
of
skin
colour.
在选举中，所有人都可以不分肤色地投票。
[例1] Today
every
citizen
aged
eighteen
or
over
has
the
right
to
vote.
如今，年满十八周岁或十八周岁以上的公民都有选举权。
[例2] The
suggestion
was
approved，with
25
votes
in
favor，and
7
against.
建议以25票同意，7票反对被通过。
[造句] 既然在这件事上大家意见不一，我们表决好了。
As
we
can't
all
agree
on
this
matter，let's
vote
on
it.
[知识拓展]
(1)vote
for
＝
vote
in
favor
of
投票赞成
vote
against
投票反对
vote
on
sth.
就某事进行表决
vote
to
do
sth.
投票决定做某事
(2)have/take
a
vote
on
sth.
就某事进行表决
have
the
vote
有选举权
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Only
a
minority
of
the
class
voted
for
the
plan.
②They
then
voted
on
whether
they
will
accept
it.
③We'll
listen
to
the
arguments
on
both
sides
and
then
vote
to
decide(decide)
it.
keep．．．alive
使……活着；使……活跃；保留
(教材P14) As
parents，they
try
to
keep
that
magic
alive
for
their
children
for
as
long
as
they
can.
作为父母，他们设法尽可能长时间地为孩子们保留着这种魔力。
[例1] The
doctors
tried
everything
to
keep
him
alive
but
in
vain.
医生们竭尽全力抢救他的生命，但却徒劳无功。
[例2] The
news
of
the
victory
kept
us
alive
in
excitement.
胜利的消息使我们兴奋不已。
[造句] 他们35年的婚姻生活一直保持着浪漫色彩。
They
kept
the
romance
alive
in
their
marriage
for
35
years.
[知识拓展]
(1)bring．．．alive
使……变得有生气
come
alive
生动起来，精神起来，热闹起来
(2)alive
adj.
活着的，充满活力的。是表语形容
词，不可以作前置定语。
(3)living
adj.
活的，有生命的，健在的。可修饰
人或物，作表语或前置定语。
(4)live
adj.
活的。作前置定语，只修饰物不指
人。另外，还表示“现场直播的”。
[即学即练] 补全句子
①The
patient
with
lung
cancer
is
kept
alive(维持生命)
on
a
life?support
machine.
②The
city
center
really
comes
alive(热闹起来)
at
the
weekend.
③The
way
he
describes
his
characters
really
brings
them
alive(使他们栩栩如生)．
[小片段助记]
Anyone
who
is
alive
in
the
world
of
the
living
world
has
some
hopes;
a
live
dog
is
better
than
a
dead
lion.
regard
v．认为，看作
n．尊敬；(pl.)问候，敬意
(教材P14) That
is
why
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
could
be
the
perfect
book
for
those
who
regard
Christmas
as
a
special
time
of
year.
那就是为什么《圣诞老人的来信》对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中的特殊时刻的人来说可能是一本完美的书。
[例1] He
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
great
classical
composers
in
this
century.
他被认为是本世纪伟大的古典音乐作曲家之一。
[例2] I
am
sure
that
kindness
is
more
likely
to
win
their
regard
than
pride.
我确信善意比傲慢更可能赢得他们的尊敬。
[造句] 我在这个城镇居住了很长时间，都把它当成了家。
I've
lived
in
the
town
so
long
that
I
regard
it
as
my
home.
[知识拓展]
(1)regard．．．as．．．
把……视作……
(2)regarding
prep.
关于
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Her
parents
always
regarded
her
as
the
smartest
of
their
children.
②If
you
should
see
him，please
give
him
my
regards(regard)．
③The
government
has
set
up
some
rules
regarding(regard)
the
food
safety.
complain
v．抱怨，不满，发牢骚；投诉
(教材P15) In
another
letter，Father
Christmas
complained
about
how
he
could
not
stop
his
helpers
playing
games
with
the
boys
instead
of
wrapping
them
up.
在另一封信中，圣诞老人抱怨说，他怎么都无法阻止他的助手们用玩具做游戏而不是把它们包起来。
[例1] It's
no
use
complaining
without
taking
any
action.
不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。
[例2] I'm
going
to
complain
to
the
manager
about
this.
我将就此事向经理提意见。
[造句] 所有游客都抱怨那家餐馆劣质的服务。
All
the
tourists
complained
about
the
bad
service
in
that
restaurant.
[知识拓展]
(1)complain
(to
sb.)
of/about
(doing)
sth.
(向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某
人)发牢骚
complain
(to
sb.)
that．．．
(向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint
n.
抱怨；投诉；控告
make
a
complaint
抱怨，投诉
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She
often
complains
about
not
feeling
appreciated
at
work.
②Neighbors
complained
to
the
police
about
the
dog
barking.
③The
most
common
complaint(complain)is
about
poor
service.
[小片段填空]
The
manager
complained
to
us
about
there
being
too
many
complaints
from
customers
this
month.
warning
n．警告，警示，告诫
(教材P15) Interestingly，the
letters
did
not
contain
the
usual
warnings
to
children
that
they
might
not
receive
their
presents
if
they
were
not
good.
有趣的是，这些信并没有包含通常对孩子们的警告：如果他们表现不好，就可能收不到礼物。
[例1] There
is
a
warning
on
the
cigarette
packet
that
says
“Smoking
does
harm
to
your
health”．
在烟盒上有一个警示“吸烟有害健康”。
[例2] We've
just
heard
a
warning
on
the
radio
that
a
hurricane
is
likely
to
come.
我们从电台听到警报说飓风可能要来。
[造句] 我正要生火时就想起了他的警告。
I
was
about
to
make
a
fire
when
I
remembered
his
warning.
[知识拓展]
(1)give
sb.a
warning
向(某人)发出警告
without
(any)
warning
没有(任何)先兆
(2)warn
v.
警告；告诫
warn
sb.not
to
do
sth.＝warn
sb.against
doing
sth.
警告某人不要做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The
teacher
gave
him
a
warning
that
if
he
was
late
again，he
would
be
punished.
②An
earthquake
comes
like
a
thief
in
the
night，without
warning.
③They
were
warned
not
to
climb(climb)
the
mountain
in
such
bad
weather.
[小片段助记]
He
warned
me
not
to
leave
without
permission，but
I
didn't
accept
his
warning.
starving
adj.挨饿的，即将饿死的
(教材P15) ．．．remember
that
this
Christmas
all
over
the
world
there
are
a
terrible
number
of
poor
and
starving
people.
请记住，在这个圣诞节时世界上还有许多穷人和挨饿的人。
[例1] There
is
a
piece
of
heartbreaking
news
report
about
starving
children.
有一则关于饥饿儿童的令人心碎的新闻报道。
[例2] How
can
you
be
indifferent
to
the
sufferings
of
starving
people?
你怎能对饥民的疾苦无动于衷呢？
[造句] 我们弄点吃的东西吧，我饿坏了。
Let's
get
something
to
eat，I'm
starving.
[知识拓展]
(1)be
starving
for
渴望
(2)starve
v.
(使)挨饿，(使)饿死
starve
for
渴望
starve
to
death
饿死
(3)starvation
n.
挨饿，饿死
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①This
organization
will
hold
an
event
to
help
the
starving(starve)
children
in
Africa.
②As
she
feels
very
lonely，she
is
starving
for
friendship.
③He
got
lost
in
the
jungle
and
starved
to
death.
④Millions
of
people
will
face
starvation(starve)
as
a
result
of
the
drought.
Sentence
Patterns
That/This/It
is
why．．．那/这就是为什么……
(教材P14) That
is
why
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
could
be
the
perfect
book
for
those
who
regard
Christmas
as
a
special
time
of
year.
那就是为什么《圣诞老人的来信》对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中的特殊时刻的人来说可能是一本完美的书。
句式分析：That
is
why．．．那就是为什么……，why引导表语从句。其中that还可以换为this/it。
[例1] Tom
overslept
this
morning.That
is
why
he
was
late
for
work.
汤姆今天早晨睡过头了，那就是他上班迟到的原因。
[例2] This
is
why
we
always
have
a
fresh
supply
of
water.
这就是为什么我们总可以喝到新鲜水的原因。
[造句] 那就是我们决定取消讨论的原因。
That
is
why
we
decided
to
cancel
the
discussion.
[知识拓展]
(1)That/This/It
is
because．．．意为“那/这是因为……”，其中because
引导表语从句。
(2)The
reason
why．．．is
that．．．意为“……的原因是……”，其中why引导的是定语从句；is之后的that引导的是表语从句。
[翻译] ①We
should
eat
breakfast
on
time
every
day；that's
because
breakfast
is
really
important
for
us(那是因为早餐对我们来说真的非常重要)．
②The
reason
why
he
was
sleepy
in
class
was
that(他在课上睡觉的原因是)
he
stayed
up
last
night.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
got
up
late.That's
why
he
missed
the
bus.
②She
never
gives
in
to
any
difficulty
and
that's
because
she
is
a
strong?willed
woman.
③The
reason
why
he
has
had
such
a
success
is
that
he
never
gives
up.
“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调
(教材P15) The
letters
did，however，change
as
Tolkien's
children
got
older．．．
然而，随着托尔金的孩子们年龄的增长，这些信的内容确实变了……
句式分析：(1)did
change为“did＋动词原形”表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。
(2)“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示强调时只用于肯定句和祈使句，用来强调谓语。
(3)这种强调句只适用于一般现在时和一般过去时。
[例1] He
does
enjoy
listening
to
classical
music.
他的确喜欢听古典音乐。
[例2] Do
be
careful
while
you
are
driving
on
the
road.
你在公路上开车时务必要小心。
[造句] 他昨天确实去过车站，但没有发现你。
He
did
go
to
the
station
yesterday，but
he
didn't
find
you.
[即学即练] 补全句子
①Believe
it
or
not，such
things
did
happen(确实发生过)
in
their
school
last
week.
②We
do
sell
stamps(确实卖邮票)，but
we
don't
have
any
at
the
moment.
③He
does
like
travelling(确实喜欢旅行)
and
believes
we
should
grasp
opportunities
to
stay
for
a
few
days
in
different
countries.
1．(教材P15)Interestingly，the
letters
did
not
contain
the
usual
warnings
to
children
that
they
might
not
receive
their
presents
if
they
were
not
good.
分析：此句为主从复合句。that
they
might
not
receive
their
presents
if
they
were
not
good是that引导的同位语从句，说明the
usual
warnings的具体内容，其中包含if引导的条件状语从句。
译文：有趣的是，这些信并没有包含通常对孩子们的警告：如果他们表现不好，就可能收不到礼物。
2．(教材P15)．．．but
if
you
find
that
not
many
of
the
things
you
asked
for
have
come，and
not
perhaps
quite
as
many
as
sometimes，remember
that
this
Christmas
all
over
the
world
there
are
a
terrible
number
of
poor
and
starving
people.
分析：but后面的句子为主从复合句。remember
that．．．至句末为主句，其中包含that引导的宾语从句；if
you
find
that
not
many
of
the
things
you
asked
for
have
come．．．是if引导的条件状语从句，其中that引导宾语从句作find的宾语，you
asked
for是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词the
things。
译文：……但是，如果你发现你没有收到你想要的许多礼物，或者没有你想要的那么多，请记住，在这个圣诞节时世界上还有许多穷人和挨饿的人。
教材
高考
1．．．.is
to
honour
an
event.
(2019·江苏卷)He
considered
it
an
honor.
2.Freedom
Day
is
held
every
year
on
27
April
to
celebrate
South
Africa's
first
fully?participated
elections
in
1994．．．
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)That
freedom
to
choose
is
one
reason
more
people
like
to
eat
alone.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Participate
in
discussion
forums(论坛)，blogs
and
other
open?ended
forums
for
dialogue.
3．．．.in
which
everyone
was
allowed
to
vote
regardless
of
skin
colour.
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)That
was
the
name
students
voted
for
after
deciding
that
“Room
104”
was
too
dull.(2019·北京卷)Regardless
of
the
weather
or
the
distance，Paul
Wilson
will
make
sure．．．
4.That
is
why
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
could
be
the
perfect
book
for
those
who
regard
Christmas
as
a
special
time
of
year.
(2019·全国卷
Ⅰ)Mountains
are
regarded
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.
5.A
regular
character
in
the
letters
was
Polar
Bear，who
once
climbed
the
North
Pole(an
actual
pole
in
this
case)
and．．．
(2019·天津卷)A
dog's
eating
habit
requires
regular
training
before
it
is
properly
established.
6.In
another
letter，Father
Christmas
complained
about
how
he
could
not．．．
(2018·天津卷)The
students
began
complaining
about
how
cold
it
would
be.
7.Interestingly，the
letters
did
not
contain
the
usual
warnings
to
children
that
they
might
not
receive
their
presents
if
they
were
not
good.
(2019·天津卷)Scientists
have
built
an
early?warning
system
based
on
mathematical
models.
8．．．.there
are
a
terrible
number
of
poor
and
starving
people.
(2018·北京卷)By
mile
21，I
was
starving!
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
feel
honoured(honour)
to
give
a
report
about
how
to
relieve
stress
here.
2．Nowadays，people
in
many
big
cities
are
complaining
about
the
heavy
traffic.
3．The
wheelchair
gives
him
the
freedom(free)
to
go
out
on
his
own.
4．We
voted
to
give(give)
a
concert
to
get
some
money
for
the
hospital.
5．This
is
the
most
brilliant
evening
party
that
I
have
participated
in．
6．It's
time
we
put
up
the
New
Year
decorations(decoration)
in
the
hall.
7．We
are
collecting
food
for
those
who
are
starving(starve)
in
the
earthquake.
8．We
used
to
see
each
other
regularly(regular)，but
I
haven't
heard
from
him
since
last
year.
9．He
and
I
have
worked
together
for
a
couple
of
years;
that's
why
I
know
him
pretty
well.
10．I
am
writing
to
see
if
it
is
possible
for
you
to
provide
me
with
information
regarding(regard)
the
job.
Ⅱ.短语填空
take
place，in
memory
of，regardless
of，keep．．．alive，regard．．．as．．．，wrap
up，a
number
of
，as
well
as
1．What
kind
of
design
do
you
regard
as
the
best?
2．A
number
of
young
men
are
going
to
be
volunteers
during
the
vacation.
3．Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
China
in
the
past
five
years.
4．She
would
rather
die
than
be
kept
alive
under
such
conditions.
5．The
law
requires
equal
treatment
for
all，regardless
of
race，religion
and
sex.
6．We
can
celebrate
the
festival
as
well
as
enjoying
the
delicious
food
on
that
day.
7．He
spends
a
lot
of
time
wrapping
up
presents
before
Christmas
Day
every
year.
8．The
ceremony
opened
with
a
minute's
silence
in
memory
of
those
who
died
in
the
war.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The
passage
introduces
Tolkien
and
his
perfect
book
Letters
from
Father
Christmas.From
the
book
we
know
every
Christmas，Tolkien's
children
would
get
an
envelop
1.with
a
North
Pole
stamp.The
children
must
have
been
very
2.excited(excite)
as
they
opened
it，inside
3.which
they
would
find
a
handwritten
letter
from
Father
Christmas.Of
course，the
letters
were
all
written
by
Tolkien.
The
letters
told
4.wonderful(wonder)
stories
about
Father
Christmas's
life
and
adventures
at
the
North
Pole.In
one
letter，Polar
Bear
once
climbed
the
North
Pole
and
5.fell(fall)
through
the
roof
of
Father
Christmas's
house.In
another
letter，Father
Christmas
6.complained(complain)
about
how
he
couldn't
stop
his
helpers
7.playing(play)
games
with
the
toys
instead
of
wrapping
them
up.Tolkien's
letters
also
changed
with
his
children
8.getting(get)
older.In
addition
the
book
also
tells
us
that
we
not
only
can
enjoy
the
9.adventures(adventure)
of
Father
Christmas，Polar
Bear
and
other
characters
at
the
North
Pole
10.but
can
share
the
true
spirit
of
giving
at
Christmas
time.阅读教材P20－21中的材料，选出最佳选项
1．Why
does
Wang
Peng
choose
to
eat
out
for
the
Spring
Festival
family
dinner?
A．They
have
eaten
out
for
three
years.
B．He
wants
to
change
the
traditions.
C．He
doesn't
want
to
prepare
for
it.
D．He
wants
to
spend
more
time
with
family
and
relax
himself.
2．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
about
Wang
Peng?
A．Eating
out
may
lead
to
loss
of
traditions.
B．Preparing
for
dinner
at
home
is
not
well
worth.
C．Eating
out
is
more
enjoyable
without
all
that
tiring
cooking.
D．Eating
out
is
more
enjoyable
than
that
at
home.
3．Why
is
Liu
Yonghui
a
bit
unhappy
about
that
his
son
booked
a
table
at
a
restaurant
for
this
year's
Spring
Festival
family
dinner?
A．He
thinks
eating
in
the
restaurant
may
cost
a
lot
of
money.
B．He
thinks
eating
out
won't
feel
like
Spring
Festival.
C．He
thinks
eating
out
may
not
be
as
enjoyable
as
eating
at
home.
D．He
thinks
the
dishes
in
the
restaurant
may
taste
terrible.
4．What
is
the
author's
main
purpose
of
writing
the
letters?
A．To
give
advice.
B．To
ask
for
advice.
C．To
express
their
ideas.
D．To
make
a
promise.
[答案] 1－4 DCBC
Words
and
Phrases
request
n．&
v．请求，要求
(教材P17) What
do
the
words
in
bold
indicate：an
order，a
request，ability
or
possibility?
粗体词表明什么：命令、请求、能力还是可能性？
[例1] It
is
my
last
request.I
shall
never
ask
you
anything
again.
这是我最后的请求。我再也不会向你提任何要求。
[例2]
Don't
respond
to
any
e?mails
requesting
personal
information，no
matter
how
official
they
look.
不要回复任何索要个人信息的邮件，无论它看上去多么正式。
[造句] 我恳求你费心重新考虑一下我的请求。
I
beg
you
to
kindly
reconsider
my
request.
[知识拓展]
(1)make
a
request
for
要求得到……
at
the
request
of
应……的请求
by
request
按照请求
(2)request
sb.to
do
sth.
请求某人做某事
request
that．．．(should)
do
sth.
请求做……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Li
Ming
made
a
request
for
a
computer
from
his
parents.
②The
report
has
been
written
at
the
request
of
the
manager.
③You
are
requested
to
make(make)
a
speech
at
the
next
meeting.
④We
requested
that
the
next
meeting
(should)
be
held(hold)
on
Friday.
[名师点津] 在request后的名词性从句中谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
fancy
adj.花哨的，别致的；豪华的
v．喜欢，想要；相信，认为；想象
n．喜爱；幻想
(教材P17) At
a
fancy
dress
party.
在一个豪华的化装晚会上。
[例1] We
stayed
at
some
fancy
hotel
in
the
center
of
London.
我们住在伦敦市中心的某家豪华酒店里。
[例2] I
fancy
I
would
enter
your
dreamland
someday
and
pour
out
my
heart
to
you.
我想象有一天能进入你的梦境，向你倾诉我的心里话。
[造句] 姑娘们已打扮好了准备参加这个豪华的化装舞会。
The
girls
have
dressed
up
for
the
fancy?dress
ball.
[知识拓展]
(1)fancy
doing
sth.
想要做某事
fancy
oneself
as
自认为是……
(2)take
a
fancy
to
突然爱上，突然喜欢上
take/catch
sb.'s
fancy
中某人的意，吸引某人
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We're
having
a
party
this
evening.Do
you
fancy
coming(come)
along?
②She
saw
a
dress
in
the
shop
window
and
it
caught(catch)her
fancy
immediately.
③The
children
have
taken
quite
a
fancy
to
their
teacher.
attract
v．吸引，引起……的兴趣
(教材P18)The
lantern
fair
attracts
a
lot
of
people，so
it's
one
of
the
busiest
times
of
year
for
the
traffic
police.
灯会吸引了很多人，所以这是一年中交警最忙的时候之一。
[例1] In
summer
the
beach
attracts
countless
children.
夏天海滩吸引了无数的孩子。
[例2] As
we
drove
along，the
beautiful
scenery
now
and
then
attracted
our
attention.
我们一路开着车，美丽的风景不时引起我们的注意。
[造句] 该博物馆每周都吸引大批游客。
The
museum
attracts
a
number
of
visitors
every
week.
[知识拓展]
(1)attract
sb.to
sth.
把某人吸引到……
attract
sb.'s
attention
引起某人的注意
(2)attraction
n.
吸引(力);
具有吸引力的事物/人
(3)attractive
adj.
有吸引力的；引起兴趣的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Attracted(attract)
by
the
beauty，the
girl
decided
to
spend
another
two
days
on
the
farm.
②What
attracted
me
most
to
the
job
was
the
chance
to
travel.
③There
are
a
lot
of
attractions(attraction)in
China.
[小片段助记]
The
Great
Wall
is
an
attraction，whose
scenery
is
very
attractive，and
it
attracts
a
large
number
of
tourists
every
day.
competition
n．比赛，竞赛
(教材P18) We'll
hold
a
lantern
riddles
competition，too.
我们还将进行猜灯谜比赛。
[例1] In
man's
early
days，competition
with
other
creatures
must
have
been
critical.
在人类的早期，人和其他生物的竞争想必是生死攸关的。
[例2] Living
in
an
ever
increasingly
fast?paced
world，we
are
facing
greater
competition.
生活在一个节奏越来越快的世界，我们面临更大的竞争。
[造句] 我们将进行比赛，看谁游泳最快。
We
are
going
to
have
a
competition
to
see
who
can
swim
the
farthest.
[知识拓展]
(1)in
competition
with
与……竞争
(2)compete
v.
参加比赛，竞争
compete
in
参加……比赛
compete
with/against
与……竞争
compete
for
为……而竞争
(3)competitor
n.
竞争者；对手
competitive
adj.
竞争的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We're
in
competition
with
several
other
companies
for
the
contract.
②How
many
runners
will
be
competing
in
the
marathon?
③She
beat
all
the
other
competitors(competitor)
in
the
final
match
and
won
the
gold
prize.
④It
is
also
a
virtue
to
forgive
and
forget，especially
in
such
a
competitive(compete)
and
stressful
society.
[小片段助记]
The
competition
is
very
fierce—hundreds
of
competitors
are
competing
for
56
medals，so
I
regret
having
taken
part
in
this
competitive
game.
admit
v．(不情愿地)承认；准许进入；接纳；可容纳
(教材P20) Can't
they
admit
that
the
preparations
for
the
dinner
are
hard
work?
难道他们不承认准备晚餐很辛苦吗？
[例1] I
couldn't
admit
to
my
parents
that
I
was
finding
the
course
difficult.
我无法向父母实话实说，我觉得这门课程很难。
[例2] If
you
leave
the
club，you
will
not
be
admitted
back
in
again.
如果你离开本俱乐部，就不会被准许再加入。
[造句] 你可能不喜欢她，但你必须承认她工作做得不错。
You
may
not
like
her，but
you
have
to
admit
that
she's
good
at
her
job.
[知识拓展]
(1)admit
doing/having
done
sth.
承认做过某事
(2)admit
sb.to/into
准许某人进入/加入……
be
admitted
to/into
被接收(入学/入院/入党)等
(3)admission
n.
承认；准许进入；入场券
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①You
should
have
the
courage
to
admit
making/having
made(make)
mistakes.
②I
still
remember
three
years
ago
when
I
was
admitted
to/into
this
school.
③Study
hard
and
you
will
be
admitted(admit)
to
a
key
university.
④Please
telephone
for
opening
times
and
admission(admit)
charges.
[巧学助记]
effort
n．力气，精力
(教材P20) I
really
don't
think
it's
worth
the
effort
of
spending
so
much
time
preparing
for
a
single
meal．．．
我真的认为花这么多时间仅仅准备一顿饭是不值得的……
[例1] It
takes
a
lot
of
time
and
effort
to
get
an
exhibition
ready.
准备一次考试需要大量的时间和精力。
[例2] The
success
or
failure
of
the
matter
depends
on
your
own
effort.
事情的成败在于你自己的努力。
[造句] 你应该把更多的精力投入到工作上。
You
should
put
more
effort
into
your
work.
[知识拓展]
(1)make
an
effort/efforts/every
effort
to
do
sth.
尽一切努力做某事
put
more
effort
into
one's
work/study
更加努力地工作/学习
spare
no
effort
to
do
sth.
不遗余力地做某事
(2)with
effort
努力地，艰难地
without
effort
容易地，不费力地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We
must
make
efforts(effort)
to
turn
our
ideal
into
reality.
②Food
safety
is
very
important，so
the
government
spares
no
effort
to
prevent(prevent)
food
pollution.
③The
little
boat
rolled
down
the
river
without
effort
with
the
wind
behind
her.
loss
n．丢失，丧失；亏损，损失
(教材P20) Eating
out
is
a
good
choice
and
it
has
nothing
to
do
with
loss
of
traditions.
外出就餐是一个好的选择，它与传统的丧失无关。
[例1] He
serves
the
public
wholeheartedly，regardless
of
his
personal
gain
or
loss.
他全心全意为公众服务，从不计较个人得失。
[例2] Many
parents
feel
a
sense
of
loss
after
their
children
leave
home.
孩子们离家后，许多父母会有失落感。
[造句] 由于这起事故公司遭受了巨大损失。
The
company
suffered
a
heavy
loss
as
a
result
of
the
accident.
[知识拓展]
(1)a
sense
of
loss
失落感
at
a
loss
困惑；不知所措
(2)lose
v.
丧失；失去；迷路；输掉
lose
face/heart/weight
丢面子/灰心/减肥
(3)lost
adj.
迷路的；丢失的；全神贯注的
be/get
lost
迷路
be
lost
in
专心于，全神贯注于
lose
lost
for
word
不知说什么才好
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
was
at
a
loss
on
hearing
the
sudden
news.
②I
must
study
hard
to
make
up
for
the
lost(lose)
time.
③Lost
in
thought，he
almost
ran
into
the
car
in
front
of
him.
occasion
n．场合，时刻
(教材P20) The
occasion
is
more
enjoyable
without
all
that
tiring
cooking，and
the
dishes
taste
better!
没有了做饭的烦恼，这种场合更让人舒心，而且饭菜味道更好！
[例1] I
was
beginning
to
feel
the
spirit
of
the
occasion.
我开始感受到现场的气氛。
[例2] You
shouldn't
have
lost
control
of
your
temper
on
such
an
occasion.
你不应该在这种场合发脾气。
[造句] 在这种场合你说这样的话是不合适的。
What
you
said
on
the
occasion
was
not
suitable.
[知识拓展]
(1)on
occasion
有时
on
one
occasion
有一次
on
the
occasion
of
在……的时候；在……之际
(2)occasional
adj.
偶尔的，不时的，特殊场合的
occasionally
adv.
有时，偶尔
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①On
one
occasion，she
called
me
in
the
middle
of
the
night.
②He
was
presented
with
the
watch
on
the
occasion
of
his
retirement.
③There
will
be
occasional(occasion)
showers
during
the
day.
process
n．(为达到某目标的)过程，进程
v．加工，处理
(教材P21) To
me，the
process
is
even
more
important
than
the
dinner
itself.
对我来说，这个过程甚至比年夜饭本身更重要。
[例1] Learning
is
a
process
in
which
we
adapt
ourselves
to
our
surroundings.
学习就是我们让自己适应周围环境的一个过程。
[例2] Most
of
the
food
we
buy
is
processed
in
some
way.
我们购买的大部分食物都被不同程度地加工过。
[造句] 教他阅读是一个缓慢的过程。
Teaching
him
to
read
is
a
slow
process.
[知识拓展]
(1)in
process
正在进行
in
the
process
(of)
在(……的)过程中
(2)process．．．into．．．
把……加工成……
(3)processed
adj.
加工过的，处理过的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
has
just
finished
one
book
and
has
another
in
process.
②The
company
is
in
the
process
of
moving
to
new
offices.
③Wholefood
is
considered
healthier
than
processed(process)
food.
exist
v．存在，实际上有
(教材P22) A
fact
is
something
that
exists
or
has
happened．．．
事实是指存在或已经发生的事情……
[例1] The
custom
of
arranged
marriage
still
exists
in
many
countries.
许多国家仍然存在着包办婚姻的习俗。
[例2] There
exists
many
factors
influencing
the
children's
future
success.
有很多影响孩子未来成功的因素。
[造句] 他们很穷，几乎不能生存。
They
are
so
poor
that
they
can
hardly
exist.
[知识拓展]
(1)exist
in
在于
exist
on
靠……生存；靠……生活
There
exist(s)．．．
有……
(2)existence
n.
存在；生存
come
into
existence/being
开始存在(表示动作)
be
in
existence
存在(表示状态)
(3)existing
adj.
现存的，现行的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He
could
hardly
exist
on
such
a
low
wage.
②Scientists
have
many
theories
about
how
the
universe
first
came
into
existence.
③I
think
it
a
good
way
to
solve
the
existing(exist)
problem
in
geography.
[小片段助记]
There
exists
an
old
hospital
at
the
corner，but
no
one
knows
when
it
came
into
existence.
Sentence
Patterns
not
everyone构成部分否定
(教材P20) Nowadays，some
people
choose
to
have
the
dinner
in
a
restaurant，but
not
everyone
is
keen
on
this
idea.
当前一些人选择在餐馆吃(年夜)饭，但并不是每个人都喜欢这个想法。
句式分析：not
everyone构成部分否定，有时也可用“everyone．．．not”表示。英语中的all，both，every，everybody，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词、和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
[例1] Not
everybody/everyone
has
the
goodness
to
forgive.
并非每个人都有原谅别人的美德。
[例2] All
are
not
friends
that
speak
well
of
us.
说我们好话的并非都是朋友。
[造句] 不是他写的每一本书都有趣。
Not
every
book
he
wrote
is
interesting.
[知识拓展]
英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no
one，nowhere等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
[翻译] ①Neither
of
his
sisters(他两个姐姐都不)
agrees
to
his
suggestion.
②As
a
matter
of
fact，none
of
us(我们没有人)
can
live
alone
in
society.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Not
both
of
my
parents
are
in
favor
of
my
idea
of
travelling
around
the
world.
②He
spoke
so
decidedly
that
none
of
us
dared
question
him.
③We
don't
meet
often.We
only
see
each
other
occasionally(occasional)．
not
only．．．but
also．．．不仅……而且……
(教材P21) It
was
not
only
for
the
delicious
food
that
we
seldom
got
to
eat，but
for
the
opportunity
to
have
our
whole
family
gathered
together.
这不仅是因为我们很少吃到的美食，而且因为有机会让我们全家人聚在一起。
句式分析：(1)not
only．．．but
also．．．用于连接并列成分，其中also可省略。
(2)not
only．．．but
also．．．连接并列主语时，其谓语动词的数通常与邻近的成分保持一致，即“就近原则”。
(3)not
only．．．but
also．．．连接两个分句时，若not
only位于句首，则其所在的句子要用部分倒装，但but
also所在的句子不倒装。
[例1] Not
only
the
students
but
also
their
teacher
likes
playing
football.
不仅同学们而且他们的老师都喜欢踢足球。
[例2] Not
only
did
he
point
out
my
shortcomings，but
he
also
helped
me
to
overcome
them.
他不仅指出我的缺点，而且还帮助我改正它们。
[造句] 他们不但经验丰富、知识渊博，而且耐心、善解人意。
They
are
not
only
experienced
and
knowledgeable，but
also
patient
and
understanding.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Playing
football
not
only
makes
us
grow
up
tall
and
strong
but
also
gives(give)us
a
sense
of
fair
play
and
team
spirit.
②Not
only
John
and
Tom
but
also
their
sister，Mary，takes(take)
great
interest
in
the
piano
lessons.
③Not
only
does
Mary
speak
French，but
also
she
knows
how
to
type.
从段落中抓大意
方法技巧：有些文章或段落的主题句位于文章或段落的中间部分。此类文章往往以一句或几句话引出要表达的主题，在主题句出现后，再举例陈述细节或继续论证，即引题——主题思想——解释或继续论证。
[例题剖析]
When
you
throw
a
ball
up
into
the
air
as
fast
as
you
can，the
ball
reaches
a
point
where
it
seems
to
pause
a
moment，and
then
it
comes
down.When
a
bullet
is
shot
straight
up，it
will
travel
much
faster
and
higher
than
a
ball，but
it，too，will
come
down.Whatever
goes
up
must
come
down.
We
have
always
thought
this
to
be
true.An
airplane
may
climb
to
a
height
of
seventeen
miles
and
then
travel
fast
and
long.Yet
it
does
not
stay
up
forever.Finally，like
everything
else，the
plane
must
come
down.
●Which
of
the
following
statements
can
best
summarize
the
main
idea
of
the
paragraph?
A．A
bullet
falls
down
like
a
ball.
B．Anything
that
goes
up
must
fall
down.
C．A
plane
travels
in
the
same
way
as
a
bullet.
D．Everything
has
weight.
B [本段文字完全按照“引题——主题思想——解释或继续论证”的顺序来写。文中划线的句子是主题句，主题句之前举了两个例子，之后是对主题句的补充解释。A项和C项只是介绍了其中的细节情况，D项隐含义很强，但很明显不是本文的主题。]
[即学即练]
Popularity
is
a
well?explored
subject
in
social
psychology.Mitch
Prinstein，a
professor
of
clinical
psychology
sorts
the
popular
into
two
categories：the
likable
and
the
status
seekers.The
likables'
plays?well?with?others
qualities
strengthen
schoolyard
friendships，jump?start
interpersonal
skills
and，when
tapped
early，are
employed
ever
after
in
life
and
work.Then
there's
the
kind
of
popularity
that
appears
in
adolescence：status
born
of
power
and
even
dishonorable
behavior.
●What
is
the
paragraph
mainly
about?
A．The
classification
of
the
popular.
B．The
characteristics
of
adolescents.
C．The
importance
of
interpersonal
skills.
D．The
causes
of
dishonorable
behavior.
A [段落大意题。根据本段内容以及第二句的句式特点(句中有冒号)，可暂时断定第二句是本段的主旨句。而第三句和第四句分别用The
likables'．．．和Then
there's
the
kind
of
popularity
that
appears
in
adolescence．．．引出后文内容，恰恰就是介绍了受欢迎的两类人：讨人喜欢型和追求地位型。同时我们发现本段第二句中的关键词sort．．．into．．．(把……分成……)与A项中的classification相呼应，所以A项可以概括本段大意。]课时分层作业(六)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Every
American
family
has
its
own
traditions
on
Thanksgiving
Day，and
mine
is
no
different.Once
the
national
holiday
arrives，my
mum
rises
early
to
make
the
meal.She
puts
a
turkey
in
the
oven，chops
carrots
and
bakes
pies.I'm
sorry
to
say
that
the
men
in
the
family－my
dad，my
younger
brother
and
myself－rarely
pitch
in
to
help.Our
job
is
to
wash
the
mountain
of
dirty
dishes
after
the
meal
is
over.
Around
2
p．m.every
Thanksgiving
Day，family
members
seat
themselves
around
the
kitchen
table.Plates
of
turkey，vegetables，salad，rolls
and
pies
cover
it.At
this
point，we
can
hardly
keep
ourselves
from
drooling
(流口水)
all
over
our
fancy
clothes，but
it's
not
yet
time
to
eat.
First，we
must
bow
our
heads，close
our
eyes
and
say
a
prayer
of
thanks
aloud
to
God
for
giving
us
everything
we
have.Under
normal
circumstances，I
would
have
no
problem
making
a
list
of
things
I
am
thankful
for.I
grew
up
in
a
loving
family.My
parents，who
aren't
wealthy，took
out
loans
to
help
me
pay
for
university.
However，the
funny
thing
is，every
time
I
sit
down
for
Thanksgiving
dinner
and
try
to
say
a
prayer
of
thanks，my
mind
usually
goes
blank.I
think
it
has
something
to
do
with
my
growling
(咕咕叫)
stomach
and
all
of
that
food
sitting
right
there
under
my
nose.
Eventually，though，we
all
finish
our
short
prayers
and
dig
in．To
be
sure，the
day
includes
other
highlights?visiting
with
family
and
watching
football.But
usually
around
6
p．m.we
are
all
ourselves
stuffed
like
turkeys
and
thankful
to
have
a
nice
warm
bed
to
sleep
in.
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇叙事性的记叙文。作者对自己的家人如何庆祝感恩节进行了描写，充分展现了一家人其乐融融的景象。
1．The
purpose
of
the
text
is
to
．
A．tell
what
the
family
do
for
Thanksgiving
Day
B．tell
how
the
family
spends
Thanksgiving
Day
C．introduce
foods
served
on
Thanksgiving
Day
D．introduce
the
American
Thanksgiving
Day
B [主旨大意题。作者开门见山地点明美国每家每户都有自己的感恩节传统，然后详细描述他们一家人这一天的活动，因此B项“讲述这一家人如何过感恩节”能概括全文大意。]
2．On
Thanksgiving
Day
the
author's
family
do
the
following
except
．
A．watch
a
movie
B．make
visits
C．have
a
big
meal
D．watch
football
A [细节理解题。文章前四段描述作者一家人准备感恩节大餐，最后一段首句“Eventually，though，we
all
finish
our
short
prayers
and
dig
in.”说明一家人终于开吃了，首先排除C项；再由第二句“To
be
sure，the
day
includes
other
highlights?visiting
with
family
and
watching
football.”可知，这一天作者一家人还会走访亲友以及观看足球赛等，故排除B、D两项；文章没有提及A项活动，所以选A。]
3．Why
does
the
author's
mind
usually
go
blank
when
saying
a
prayer
of
thanks?
A．He
is
too
thankful
to
say
a
word.
B．His
mind
is
on
the
food
before
him.
C．He
feels
too
excited
to
speak.
D．He
is
too
shy
to
speak
in
public.
B [细节理解题。根据第四段信息“I
think
it
has
something
to
do
with
my
growling
stomach
and
all
of
that
food
sitting
right
there
under
my
nose.”可知，作者吃大餐之前祈祷以示感恩时，心思全被眼前的美食所吸引，所以B项正确。]
4．The
underlined
phrase
“dig
in”
in
the
last
paragraph
is
closest
in
meaning
to
“
”．
A．chat
with
others
B．make
a
hole
C．mix
things
up
D．start
eating
D [词义猜测题。根据前文对一家人准备大餐以及作者心思全被眼前的美食所吸引的描述，再看本句中的Eventually“终于”一词，不难看出dig
in在此表示(一家人)“开吃”了。]
B
The
change
of
season
can
do
a
few
things
to
our
minds
and
bodies.The
beginning
of
spring
means
that
people
can
start
putting
away
their
winter
clothes
and
opening
up
their
gardens.They
can
bring
out
their
barbeques(烤架)and
sweep
away
the
dead
fallen
leaves
of
winter.
After
a
long
winter，it's
always
nice
to
put
away
your
heavy
coats
and
take
out
your
summer
clothes.Hello
sandals，shorts，sunglasses
and
bathing
suits；goodbye
sweaters，ski
socks
and
winter
boots.The
change
of
season
often
makes
us
want
to
go
shopping
after
all
the
clothes
we
wore
last
summer
couldn't
possibly
still
be
in
style.You
can
go
through
your
most
trusted
fashion
magazine，and
you're
sure
to
find
that
a
lot
of
your
pieces
can
be
used
to
create
current
looks.
When
the
weather
is
nice，most
people
want
to
spend
as
much
time
as
possible
outdoors.If
you
have
the
space，you
might
want
to
buy
some
outdoor
furniture
and
a
barbeque
to
entertain
with.For
people
who
love
to
plant，they
might
want
to
take
a
trip
to
their
favorite
nursery(苗圃)and
buy
a
few
small
plants
and
some
seeds.Maybe
this
will
be
the
year
they
finally
grow
that
vegetable
garden
they've
been
wanting.
Warm
weather
means
less
clothing，which
means
you
have
less
to
hide
the
extra
meat.Think
of
getting
fit
as
your
body's
spring
cleaning.If
you
don't
have
money
to
join
a
gym，then
you
can
go
for
a
run
outside，or
play
sports
with
friends.Something
about
the
heat
also
makes
people
want
to
eat
less
heavy，warm
and
fattening
foods，and
more
light，cold
salads.
【语篇解读】 春天来了，人们可以从事各种有益的活动，以保证身心健康。这些活动主要有：更新服装、整理花园、锻炼身体等。
5．After
the
season
of
winter，people
would
like
to
．
A．go
out
to
enjoy
themselves
B．store
something
for
the
next
winter
C．collect
the
dead
fallen
leaves
D．eat
some
heavy
high?calorie
foods
A [推理判断题。根据第一段及第三段可推知，冬天过后，人们喜欢到户外活动。]
6．According
to
the
passage，you
can
find
your
favorite
clothes
with
the
help
of
．
A．friends
B．parents
C．salesmen
D．fashion
magazines
D [细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，阅读时尚杂志可以帮助你搜寻到喜欢的衣服。]
7．How
many
activities
can
people
take
up
when
the
weather
is
fine
according
to
Paragraph
3?
A．One.
B．Two.
C．Three.
D．Four.
B [细节理解题。文章第三段介绍了在天气晴好的春天可以从事的活动，包括野餐和种植物，共两种。]
8．In
the
last
paragraph，the
writer
advises
us
to
．
A．exercise
more
to
keep
healthy
B．do
some
spring
cleaning
with
others
C．try
to
lose
as
much
weight
as
we
can
D．have
more
warm，fattening
foods
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可知，春季应该多进行体育锻炼，以保持健康。]
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇
60
词左右的内容概要。
Is
there
a
way
to
turn
back
the
clock
on
your
age?
A
new
study
says
yes.Exercise
can
make
you
younger.At
least
it
can
lower
your
fitness
age—that
is
the
measure
of
how
well
your
body
works.
A
study
of
athletes
is
in
the
National
Senior
Games
found
that
their
fitness
age
was
more
than
20
years
younger
than
their
chronological
age.The
games
took
place
in
the
Midwestern
state
of
Minnesota.
Tony
Diamond
took
part
in
the
games.Every
morning
he
went
to
a
local
park
and
walked
fast
for
an
hour.Then，the
retired
navy
captain
ran
for
an
hour.
Two
or
three
times
a
week，he
went
to
a
gym
for
muscle
training.Mr.Diamond
won
three
medals
at
the
2015
National
Senior
Games.
“My
current
age
is
86
years
old，and
my
fitness
age
is
44.I
think
I
have
such
a
good
number
because
I
do
a
lot
of
exercise
during
my
life.I
have
been
exercising
since
I
was
a
little
boy.”
Helen
White
is
a
basketball
player.She
also
teaches
the
sport
to
senior
groups.And
she
plays
pickleball.She
won
a
sliver
medal
in
pickleball
at
the
2013
National
Senior
Games.
“I'm
62
years
old
and
my
fitness
results
showed
that
I
was
32
years.”
Ms.White
and
Mr.Diamond
are
some
of
the
5，000
Senior
Games
participants
who
took
part
in
the
fitness
age
study.
Pamela
Peeke
was
an
assistant
professor
of
medicine
at
the
University
of
Maryland.She
worked
on
the
study
with
Ulrik
Wisloff
at
the
Norwegian
University
of
Science
and
Technology.Mr.Wisloff
developed
a
fitness
calculator.
An
online
calculator
is
available
for
anyone
to
use
for
free.Ms.Peeke
says
there
are
benefits
from
using
this
test.
The
National
Senior
Games
take
place
every
two
years.It
is
a
competition
for
athletes
older
than
50.The
games
are
a
variety
of
sports.
This
year
the
average
age
of
the
people
competing
was
68.But
their
average
fitness
age
was
43.
【参考范文】
Exercise
can
lower
one's
fitness
age.(要点1)
A
study
of
athletes
in
the
National
Senior
Games
found
that
their
fitness
age
was
more
than
20
years
younger
than
their
chronological
age.(要点2)
Mr.Diamond
looks
younger
than
his
chronological
age
because
he
goes
to
a
gym
regularly.(要点3)
Ms.White
is
62
years
old
but
her
fitness
age
is
32
years
old
because
of
regular
exercise.(要点4)
1/5课时分层作业(五)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You
are
request
not
to
smoke(smoke)on
the
bus.
2．Whether
they
gain
or
lose
in
the
process
is
a
hotly
debated
question.
3．Yunnan
is
one
of
the
most
attractive(attract)
places
I
have
ever
visited
in
China.
4．Dana
admitted
feeling(feel)
hurt
by
what
I
had
said.
5．Somehow
I
can't
fancy
him
as
a
mountaineer.He
was
once
so
weak.
6．Listening
to
loud
music
has
caused
hearing
loss(lose)
in
some
teenagers.
7．Not
only
you
but
also
he
knows(know)
the
answer.
8．You
can't
imagine
how
difficult
it
is
for
them
to
exist
on
the
money
he
earns.
9．To
our
astonishment，the
disabled
girl
played
the
guitar
so
wonderfully
that
she
won
first
prize
in
the
competition(compete)．
10．Shall
I
send
you
the
book
you
want
to
read?
Ⅱ.完形填空
As
Christmas
is
coming，there
are
presents
to
be
bought，cards
to
be
sent，rooms
to
be
cleaned.Parents
are
1
with
difficult
jobs
of
hiding
presents
from
curious
young
children.If
the
gifts
are
large，this
is
sometimes
a
real
2
．On
Christmas
Eve，young
children
find
the
excitement
almost
unbearable.They
are
3
between
the
wish
to
go
to
bed
early
so
that
Father
Christmas
will
bring
their
presents
quickly
and
the
wish
to
4
up
late
so
that
they
will
not
miss
the
fun.The
wish
for
gifts
usually
proves
stronger.But
though
children
go
to
bed
early，they
often
lie
5
for
a
long
time，hoping
to
get
a
short
look
at
Father
Christmas.
Last
Christmas，my
wife
and
I
6
managed
to
hide
a
few
large
presents
in
the
storeroom.I
feared
the
moment
when
my
son，Jimmy，would
7
me
where
that
new
bike
had
come
from，but
8
he
did
not
see
it.
On
Christmas
Eve，it
took
the
children
hours
to
go
to
sleep.It
must
have
been
nearly
9
when
my
wife
and
I
went
quietly
into
their
room
and
began
filling
stockings.Then
I
pushed
in
the
10
I
bought
for
Jimmy
and
left
it
beside
the
Christmas
tree.We
knew
we
would
not
get
11
sleep
that
night，for
the
children
were
12
to
get
up
early.At
about
five
o'clock
the
next
morning，we
were
woken
by
loud
sounds
coming
from
the
children's
room—they
were
shouting
excitedly！
13
I
had
time
to
get
out
of
bed，young
Jimmy
came
riding
into
the
room
on
his
new
bike，and
his
sister，Mary，
14
close
behind
pushing
her
new
baby
carriage.Even
the
baby
arrived，he
moved
15
the
hands
and
knees
into
the
room
dragging
a
large
balloon
behind
him.Suddenly
it
burst.That
woke
us
up
completely.The
day
had
really
begun
with
a
bang.
【语篇解读】 西方国家在圣诞前夜有圣诞老人给孩子们送礼物的习俗，“圣诞老人”实际上是父母。本文讲述了一对夫妇怎样偷偷给孩子们送礼物并为此想尽办法，这给全家带来了无限的快乐。
1．A.faced
B．met
C．filled
D．pleased
A [逻辑推理题。be
faced
with“面对”；meet
with偶然遇到，不能用被动式；be
filled
with“装满”；be
pleased
with“对……满意”。]
2．A.question
B．matter
C．problem
D．business
C [词语辨析题。此处的problem意思是“困难，难解决的事”。]
3．A.pulled
B．divided
C．separated
D．torn
B [词语辨析题。divide是指把一个整体分成部分；separate是指把个体分开。这里应把每个孩子的情感看成一个整体，所以用divided。]
4．A.get
B．stay
C．stand
D．wake
B [逻辑推理题。stay
up
late意思是“熬夜很晚”，和后面的“hoping
to
get
a
short
look
at
Father
Christmas”相呼应。]
5．A.awake
B．wake
C．asleep
D．sleep
A [逻辑推理题。lie
awake(躺在床上不睡)和前面的stay
up
late是一致的。]
6．A.hopefully
B．busily
C．gladly
D．successfully
B [逻辑推理题。根据圣诞节的气氛和上下文语境，此处应填busily(忙碌地)。]
7．A.answer
B．tell
C．ask
D．search
C [逻辑推理题。根据上下文很容易看出答案。询问礼物的出处。]
8．A.sadly
B．unluckily
C．possibly
D．fortunately
D [逻辑推理题。为了给圣诞节增添乐趣，父母在放礼物时都不想让孩子看见，所以此处用fortunately。]
9．A.morning
B．midnight
C．evening
D．daybreak
B [背景常识题。根据常识应是在午夜圣诞老人送礼物。根据上文可以看出孩子睡着时应是midnight。]
10．A.present
B．stocking
C．bike
D．tree
C [词汇复现题。通过push一词以及下文提示可以判断答案为C项。push
in
the
bike把自行车推进屋里。]
11．A.little
B．some
C．enough
D．much
D [逻辑推理题。圣诞前夕，做父母的不但不能睡足够的觉，而且应该是睡很少的觉。所以应选择D项。]
12．A.sorry
B．sure
C．glad
D．eager
B [逻辑推理题。通过上下文对孩子心理的分析，可以判断孩子们一定起得很早，所以用sure。]
13．A.Before
B．After
C．Until
D．Since
A [逻辑推理题。此处Before的意思是“还没……就……”，符合题意。]
14．A.walked
B．moved
C．followed
D．jumped
C [词语辨析题。followed是“紧随其后”的意思。]
15．A.with
B．on
C．over
D．by
B [背景常识题。根据常识及语境可以知道此空应填on。意思是婴儿用手和膝盖爬。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
He
is
the
man
who
for
many
people
has
been
a
role
model.Now
your
biggest
hero
deserves
a
special
day
when
you
can
express
your
thanks
and
let
him
know
1.________
important
he
is
to
you.
The
third
Sunday
of
June—which
2.________(
fall)
on
June
21
this
year
is
Father's
Day.
The
idea
of
Father's
Day
came
from
3.________
American
woman
called
Sonora
Smart
Dodd
in
1909.Dodd
wanted
a
special
day
4.________(honor)
her
father.He
raised
six
children
by
5.________
(he)after
his
wife
died.Dodd
thought
there
needed
to
be
a
day
to
honor
loving
dads.
The
first
Father's
Day
6.________(celebrate)
on
June
19，1910.In
1924，U.S.President
Calvin
Coolidge
supported
the
idea
of
a
7.________(nation)
Father's
Day.Finally，in
1966，President
Lyndon
Johnson
declared
the
third
Sunday
of
June
8.________(be)
Father's
Day.
Here
are
some
ways
to
show
your
love
and
respect：
Send
him
a
greeting
card.Fathers
prefer
cards
9.________
are
not
too
emotional.So
choose
one
that
will
make
him
laugh.
If
he
has
a
computer，cover
his
desktop
10.________
words
like
“I
love
you，Dad”．
A
small
present，such
as
a
framed
photo
of
your
family，can
make
him
feel
like
a
king.
【语篇解读】 本文讲的是父亲节的来历以及一些向父亲表达爱的建议。
1．how [考查连接词。所填词引导宾语从句，并且在宾语从句中修饰important，故填how。]
2．falls [考查时态。由主句的be动词is可知从句用一般现在时。]
3．an [考查冠词。泛指一位美国妇女，故用不定冠词。]
4．to
honor [考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作定语，修饰a
special
day。]
5．himself [考查固定搭配。由after
his
wife
died可知那位父亲独自抚养六个孩子。表示“独自，单独”用by
oneself。]
6．was
celebrated [考查语态。父亲节是被庆祝的，故用被动语态。]
7．national [考查词性转换。此处意为“一个国家性的父亲节”，这里“国家性的”应用形容词national表示。]
8.
to
be [考查非谓语动词。declare
sth.to
be宣布……为……是固定搭配。]
9．which/that [考查定语从句关系词。所填词引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词为cards，故用that或which。]
10．with [考查固定词组。cover．．．with．．．为固定搭配，意为“用……覆盖……”。]
1/5速读P14－15的教材课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确、错误、还是没有提及。
1．Many
parents
try
to
keep
the
magic
of
Father
Christmas
alive
for
their
children.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
2．Every
Christmas，everyone
can
receive
presents
from
Father
Christmas.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．Tolkien
and
his
wife
are
both
very
patient
with
their
children.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．Tolkien
told
his
children
that
if
they
were
not
good，they
might
not
receive
presents.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－4 ABCB
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息
A．the
magic
of
Father
Christmas
B．The
stories
of
Father
Christmas's
adventures
C．The
author
of
The
lord
of
the
Rings
D．the
roof
of
Father
Christmas's
houses
E．the
true
spirit
of
giving
F．The
way
of
keeping
Father
Christmas
alive
1．
in
the
passage
expressed
Tolkien's
love
for
his
children.
2．
，J.R.R.Tolkien
wrote
these
letters.
3．
at
the
North
Pole
were
told
in
the
letters.
4．Many
people
still
remember
from
when
they
were
children.
5．Polar
Bear
once
climbed
the
North
Pole
and
fell
through
．
6．Through
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
we
can
learn
to
share
at
Christmas.
[答案] 1－6 FCBADE
Ⅲ.表格填空
Name
of
the
book
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
Author
of
the
book
J．R.R.Tolkien
Some
introductions
of
the
book
●The
letters
told
wonderful
stories
about
Father
Christmas's
life
and
1.adventures
at
the
North
Pole.●Polar
Bear，a
2.regular
character
in
the
letters，once
climbed
the
North
Pole
and
fell
through
the
3.roof
of
Father
Christmas's
house.
●Father
Christmas
4.complained
about
how
he
could
not
stop
his
helpers
playing
games
with
the
toys
instead
of
5.wrapping
them
up.●If
you
find
your
presents
are
not
many，you
should
remember
that
this
Christmas
all
over
the
world
there
are
6.a
terrible
number
of
poor
and
starving
people.●The
book
tells
us
that
we
can
share
7.the
true
spirit
of
giving
at
Christmas
time.●By
expressing
8.love
for
his
children
in
such
a
special
way，Tolkien
may
indeed
have
been
the
real
9.Father
Christmas.●The
book
could
be
the
perfect
book
for
those
who
10.regard
Christmas
as
a
special
time
of
year.
细读P14－15的教材课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Para.1
A．Many
people
remember
the
magic
of
Father
Christmas.
2．Para.2
B．What
the
book
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
tells
us
to
do.
3．Para.3
C．To
introduce
Tolkien
and
his
books.
4．Para.4
D．Every
Christmas
Tolkien's
children
receive
a
letter.
5．Para.5
E．The
contents
of
the
letters
from
Tolkien
[答案] 1－5 ACDEB
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．Every
Christmas
Tolkien's
children
receive
a
letter
written
by
．
A．Father
Christmas
B．Tolkien
C．their
teachers
D．a
famous
author
2．According
to
the
passage，which
one
is
true
about
the
letters
that
Tolkien's
children
received?
A．Every
letter
was
sent
to
the
North
Pole.
B．Every
envelope
of
the
letters
has
a
North
Pole
stamp.
C．The
letters
took
Father
Christmas
a
long
time
to
complete.
D．The
letters
may
not
be
all
written
by
Tolkien.
3．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
true
according
to
Paragraph
4?
A．Tolkien
complained
his
helpers
to
play
games
instead
of
wrapping
up
the
presents.
B．Tolkien
warned
to
the
children
that
they
might
not
receive
their
presents
if
they
behaved
badly.
C．Tolkien
wrote
the
letters
according
to
children's
age.
D．The
children
received
a
lot
of
presents
every
year.
4．What
is
not
the
thing
that
the
letters
from
Father
Christmas
tell
us
to
do
in
Paragraph
5?
A．Enjoying
the
adventures
of
Father
Christmas.
B．Sharing
the
true
spirit
of
giving
at
Christmas
time.
C．Expressing
love
for
the
children.
D．Saving
other
characters
at
the
North
Pole.
[答案] 1－4 BBCD
Ⅲ.概要写作微技能
概要写作微技能(一)——提取关键词
提取课文中的关键词填空
①Paragraph
1
is
mainly
about
the
magic
of
Father
Christmas.
②Paragraph
2
introduces
the
perfect
book
Letters
from
Father
Christmas
and
its
author
Tolkien．
③Paragraph
3
tells
about
the
beautifully
illustrated
envelop
and
letters.
④The
letters
told
stories
about
Father
Christmas's
life
and
adventures
at
the
North
Pole，but
they
didn't
contain
the
usual
warnings
to
children.
⑤The
book
tells
us
not
only
to
enjoy
the
adventures
but
also
(to)
share
the
true
spirit
of
giving
at
Christmas
time.Ⅰ.匹配词义
a．单词匹配
( )1.fancy
A．n.东道主，主人
( )2.decorate
B．n.成人，成年人
( )3.host
C．n.国籍；民族
( )4.adult
D．n.听众，观众
( )5.overseas
E．n.欢欣，愉快，喜悦
( )6.nationality
F．n.(饭后的)甜食，甜品，甜点
( )7.audience
G．n.现象
( )8.joy
H．v.装饰，布置，美化
( )9.dessert
I．adj.花哨的，别致的
( )10.phenomenon
J．adv.在海外，在外国
[答案] 1－5 IHABJ 6－10 CDEFG
b．短语匹配
( )1.put
up
A．想(做某事)
( )2.depend
on
B．喜爱，对……着迷
( )3.pay
attention
to
C．挂，张贴
( )4.be
keen
on
D．根据
( )5.eat
out
E．而不是
( )6.no
less
than
F．期待，盼望
( )7.have．．．to
do
with
G．注意，关注
( )8.feel
like
H．与……有……关系
( )9.look
forward
to
I．不少于
( )10.rather
than
J．在外边吃，在餐馆吃
[答案] 1－5 CDGBJ 6－10 IHAFE
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．request
n．
请求，要求
2．occasion
n.
场合，时刻
3．effort
n.
力气，精力
4．loss
n.
失去，丧失
5．process
n.
(为达到某目标的)过程，进程
6．indicate
v.
表明，显示
7．attract
v.
吸引，引起……的兴趣
8．admit
v.
(不情愿地)承认
9．exist
v.
存在，实际上有
10．formal
adj.
正式的
Ⅰ.语境填词
indicate，request，fancy，wave，host，effort，process，audience，joy，phenomenon
1．In
my
view，the
best
friend
is
one
with
whom
to
share
your
sorrow
and
joy．
2．If
you
want
to
double
your
income，you
must
double
your
effort．
3．The
last
figures
so
far
this
year
indicate
a
rise
of
10%.
4．The
singer
sang
one
more
song
at
the
request
of
enthusiastic
fans.
5．Can
you
recognize
the
guests
in
fancy
dress?
6．After
dinner
the
host
invited
us
to
sit
in
the
living
room.
7．They
went
out
of
the
gate
to
wave
us
goodbye.
8．The
audience
held
their
breath
to
see
who
would
win
the
gold
medal.
9．We
do
not
think
such
an
abnormal
phenomenon
will
last
long.
10．I
think
the
process
of
learning
is
even
more
important
than
the
result
at
last.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．He
spent
five
years
in
Paris，with
occasional(occasion)
visits
to
Italy.
2．You
needn't
be
nervous.It's
just
an
informal(formal)
interview.
3．The
company
suffered
a
heavy
loss(lose)
as
a
result
of
the
accident.
4．After
retirement(retire)，many
women
fell
in
love
with
square
dancing.
5．According
to
some
philosophers，everything
in
existence(exist)
is
reasonable.
6．The
problem
of
global(globe)
warming
is
serious.As
a
result，the
sea
level
has
risen.
7．There
is
a
relationship
between
your
blood
type
and
your
nationality(national)．
8．There
is
a
heated
discussion
on
whether
museums
should
charge
for
admission(admit)
or
not.
9．Online
shopping
is
attractive(attract)
because
you
can
buy
things
easily
without
going
out.
10．It
was
the
coach's
encouragement
that
made
him
win
the
first
prize
in
the
competition(compete)．
1．Depending
on
regional
customs，it
may
be
acceptable
to
be
15
to
30
minutes
late.
按照当地的习俗，晚到15至30分钟或许是可以接受的。
2．I'd
get
under
my
mother's
feet
in
the
kitchen，watching
her
making
dumplings.
我总会在厨房缠着妈妈，看她包饺子。课时分层作业(四)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Taking
regular(经常的)
exercise
is
the
best
way
to
improve
your
overall
health.
2．When
a
starving(挨饿的)
man
gets
a
meal，he
probably
begins
to
think
about
an
overcoat.
3．We
need
to
decorate(布置)the
sitting
room.
4．They
all
agreed
to
honour(向……表示敬意)
him
in
a
more
meaningful
way.
5．They
predicted
that
the
next
year
would
be
a
good
harvest(收成)．
6．African
people
are
fighting
for
the
freedom(自由)
and
independence
of
their
countries.
7．How
did
you
vote(投票)at
the
last
election?
8．We
encouraged
students
to
participate(参加)fully
in
the
running
of
the
college.
9．Many
people
often
complain(抱怨)
that
they
are
too
busy
to
find
time
for
reading.
10．There
was
nothing
else
to
be
seen
but
the
limitless(无限的)
sea
of
wheat
as
far
as
the
eye
could
reach.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
People
from
all
over
the
world
have
different
wedding
traditions
and
marriage
customs.The
one
thing
that
all
wedding
ceremonies
commonly
seem
to
have
is
the
commitment(承诺)of
love
for
all
time
during
a
public
ceremony.
Everyone
at
a
wedding
hopes
for
great
happiness
between
the
wedding
couple.Wedding
traditions
are
usually
a
way
of
showing
signs
of
the
hope
for
great
happiness.Some
of
these
traditions
are
very
interesting.
In
Sweden，the
traditional
bride
will
wear
three
rings
by
the
end
of
the
wedding
ceremony.The
first
is
the
engagement
(订婚)ring
that
she
entered
the
ceremony
with.The
second，the
wedding
ring，is
added
to
the
first.A
final
ring，however，is
added
as
well.This
ring
is
known
as
the
“motherhood”
ring.This
is
said
to
show
that
marriage
is
about
more
than
just
love.It
is
about
building
a
family.
Wedding
traditions
in
the
Philippines
include
the
Pandango，a
dance
which
can
last
for
hours.During
the
Pandango，guests
pin
(用大头针别住)money
to
the
bride's
dress
to
pay
for
their
honeymoon.
A
traditional
Irish
bride
may
wear
a
blue
wedding
dress－believing
blue
to
be
a
lucky
color.English
Lavender
(薰衣草)is
often
mixed
with
her
wedding
flowers.It
is
traditional
for
the
bride
to
braid
her
hair
(梳头发)－as
it
is
considered
a
good
way
to
bring
luck
to
the
new
couple.
There
are
many
wedding
traditions
around
the
world
which
may
differ
from
what
they
are
used
to，but
if
you
are
about
to
plan
a
wedding，you
may
find
it
interesting
to
include
some
of
these
traditions
in
your
own
wedding.
【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了各地不同的婚礼习俗。
1．What
do
all
wedding
ceremonies
seem
to
have
in
common?
A．The
commitment
of
love
for
all
time.
B．Happiness
between
the
wedding
couple.
C．An
interesting
life.
D．Building
a
happy
family.
A [细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The
one
thing
that
all
wedding
ceremonies
commonly
seem
to
have
is
the
commitment
(承诺)of
love
for
all
time
during
a
public
ceremony.”可知答案为A项。]
2．In
Sweden，the
traditional
bride's
third
ring
shows
．
A．the
duties
of
the
new
couple
B．the
great
love
between
the
new
couple
C．the
bride
will
be
not
only
a
wife
but
also
a
mother
D．the
bride
will
take
care
of
not
only
her
husband
but
also
his
mother
C [细节理解题。根据第三段“This
ring
is
known
as
the
‘motherhood’ring.”一句可知答案。]
3．In
the
Philippines，the
new
couple
paid
for
their
honeymoon
with
the
money
from
．
A．the
bride
B．the
bridegroom
C．their
parents
D．the
visiting
guests
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中“During
the
Pandango，guests
pin
(用大头针别住)money
to
the
bride's
dress
to
pay
for
their
honeymoon.”可知新婚夫妇度蜜月的钱来自于参加他们婚礼的客人。]
4．What's
the
passage
mainly
about?
A．The
reason
for
different
wedding
traditions.
B．Interesting
wedding
traditions
from
different
countries.
C．The
way
to
prepare
for
a
wedding
ceremony.
D．Interesting
engagement
traditions
around
the
world.
B [主旨大意题。阅读全文可知文章重点说明了世界各地不同国家婚礼的有趣的传统和风俗。]
B
February
has
long
been
a
month
of
romance.With
the
sweet
smell
of
roses
in
the
air，romantic
films
hit
cinemas
and
love
stories
fill
newspapers
and
magazines.
On
the
14th
day，it
is
customary
for
a
boy
to
take
his
girlfriend
out
to
dinner，buy
her
flowers
and
chocolates，write
poems，sing
to
her
or
even
spell
out
her
name
with
rose
petals!
This
is
the
scene
that
greets
you
on
Valentine's
Day，named
after
Valentine
who
was
a
priest
in
the
third
century
Rome.When
the
emperor
decided
that
single
men
made
better
soldiers
than
those
with
wives，he
banned
marriage.
But
Valentine
continued
to
perform
marriage
ceremonies
for
young
lovers
in
secret.When
his
actions
were
discovered，the
emperor
had
him
put
to
death.
While
in
prison，it
is
said
that
Valentine
fell
in
love
with
the
daughter
of
his
prison
guard.Before
his
death，he
wrote
her
a
letter，which
he
signed
“From
your
Valentine”，
an
expression
that
is
still
in
use
today.
Valentine
died
for
what
he
believed
in
and
so
was
made
a
Saint，as
well
as
becoming
one
of
history's
most
romantic
figures.
Nowadays，Valentine's
Day
wins
the
same
popularity
among
Chinese
young
people.It
is
a
time
when
students
“don't
want
to
be
alone”
according
to
Gao
Shunjie，a
student
reporter
for
21st
Century
Teens
in
Jinling
High
School，Nanjing.Some
of
her
classmates
are
planning
to
make
Valentine's
cards
for
parents，teachers
and
friends.Others
want
to
hold
parties
at
which
they
will
exchange
small
gifts
and
eat
heart?shaped
cakes.The
idea
is
to
have
fun
and
encourage
people
to
share
in
the
spirit
of
St
Valentine.
【语篇解读】 二月作为浪漫的月份由来已久。在这个时节，空气中弥漫着玫瑰花的芳香，影院里放映浪漫的电影，而爱情故事在各种报刊上令人目不睱接。2月14日是情人节，你们了解情人节的由来吗？
5．Why
is
February
a
month
of
romance?
A．Because
people
will
enjoy
the
pleasant
feeling
that
the
sweet
smell
roses
bring
them.
B．Because
a
lot
of
romantic
films
will
be
on
show
in
February.
C．Because
people
can
read
a
lot
of
love
stories
in
newspapers
or
magazines.
D．Because
Valentine's
Day
is
on
the
14th
February，when
many
romantic
things
will
happen.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在2月14日这一天，男孩通常都要邀请女朋友共赴晚餐，还要为女朋友买花和巧克力，为她写诗，为她歌唱，所以二月份会有许多浪漫的事情发生。]
6．The
emperor
banned
marriage，because
he
．
A．was
not
satisfied
with
the
marriage
ceremonies
held
by
priests
B．thought
a
single
man
was
better
than
a
married
man
as
a
solider
C．envied
men
marrying
women
D．thought
marriage
was
evil
B [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，罗马皇帝认为单身男人比有妻子的男人更适合当兵打仗，于是他下令禁止结婚。]
7．If
a
girl
receives
a
letter
at
the
end
of
which
“From
your
Valentine”
is
signed，the
letter
is
written
by
．
A．a
man
also
called
Valentine
B．her
pet
called
Valentine
C．her
boyfriend
who
is
also
called
Valentine
D．her
lover
D [推理判断题。根据第五段可知，瓦伦丁给狱卒的女儿写了一封信，信中他签上了“来自你的瓦伦丁”。这一措辞沿用至今。据此可以推断，在信尾签有“来自你的瓦伦丁”的应当是女孩子的爱人。]
8．The
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to
tell
us
．
A．a
love
story
happening
between
Valentine
and
a
daughter
of
a
guard
B．the
history
of
Valentine's
Day
and
it
wins
popularity
among
Chinese
young
people
C．a
priest
who
loved
bravely
facing
pressure
from
the
emperor
D．that
February
is
a
month
of
romance
B [主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，文章主要帮助我们了解情人节的历史，以及它在中国年轻人当中的普及程度。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Celebrate!
Pi?atas
In
Mexico，children
often
get
pi?atas
on
their
birthday.Their
parents
put
chocolates
and
other
sweets
inside
the
pi?ata
and
hang
it
on
a
tree.Then
the
children
hit
the
pi?ata
with
a
stick.
1
Noodles
In
China，people
often
celebrate
birthdays
by
eating
with
family
or
friends，and
the
last
dish
of
the
meal
is
always
noodles.The
noodles
are
long
and
thin.
2
You
can't
cut
them.In
Chinese
culture，long
noodles
mean
you
will
have
a
long
life.
Business
birthdays
A
business
birthday
shows
that
a
company
is
successful.Many
businesses
in
the
USA
celebrate
important
birthdays，like
10，50
or
150
years.
3
Sometimes
they
make
TV
advertisements.It
is
a
good
chance
to
advertise
the
business.
Name
days
As
well
as
a
birthday，many
people
in
Southern
Europe
also
celebrate
their
name
day.
4
People
have
big
parties
and
open
their
houses
to
anybody
who
wants
to
come.People
bring
small
gifts，often
flowers
or
a
box
of
sweets.
Islamic
New
Year
In
Muslim
countries
across
the
world，people
celebrate
Eid.Eid
means
festival
or
celebration.During
Eid，people
visit
family
and
friends，as
well
as
people
who
are
sick
or
in
hospital.
5
Children
receive
toys，too.Children
often
wear
special
traditional
clothes
during
the
Eid
celebrations.
A．You
have
to
eat
them
in
one
piece.
B．They
go
out
for
a
meal
to
celebrate.
C．Companies
hold
parties
and
send
cards.
D．They
give
presents，such
as
sweets
and
food.
E．It
breaks
and
the
sweets
fall
out
on
to
the
ground.
F．This
is
one
of
the
two
important
festivals
in
this
country.
G．In
Greece，name
days
are
more
important
than
birthdays.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地庆祝节日的不同方式。
1．E [根据上文中的“put
chocolates
and
other
sweets
inside
the
pi?ata”和“the
children
hit
the
pi?ata
with
a
stick”可知，孩子们用棍子敲打彩罐，彩罐里的糖果就会落到地上。]
2．A [根据该空后的“You
can't
cut
them.”可知，你必须将面条一整根吃下。]
3．C [根据上一句“Many
businesses
in
the
USA
celebrate
important
birthdays，like
10，50
or
150
years.”可知，公司会举办舞会和发放卡片来庆祝公司的诞辰。]
4．G [将命名日和生日作比较的G项内容正好和该空前一句“As
well
as
a
birthday．．．also
celebrate
their
name
day.”相呼应。]
5．D [根据上一句中的“people
visit
family
and
friends”可知，D项“他们会赠送诸如糖果和食物类的礼物”符合语境。]
1/6情态动词(2)
1．may/might
[观察例句]
①—
Might
I
ask
for
a
picture
of
your
little
daughter?
—
Yes，you
may.
②We
may
go
to
the
cinema
tonight，but
we
are
not
sure
yet.
③May
you
be
happy
every
day!
④There
is
nothing
to
do，so
I
may
as
well
go
to
bed.
[归纳用法]
(1)表示请求、许可。在疑问句中用might比may的语气更委婉。
(2)表示推测意为“可能、或许”。might比may语气弱。
(3)表示祝愿，常用结构为“May＋主语＋动词原形！”
(4)may/might
as
well表示“不妨”。
[即学即练1] 单句语法填空
①May/Might
I
take
the
book
out
of
the
library?
②He
may
come
back
in
an
hour，but
I'm
not
sure.
③Now
that
you
have
come，you
may/might
as
well
stay.
④May
you
enjoy
yourself!
2．shall/should/ought
to
[观察例句]
①Shall
I
buy
some
picture
books
for
the
children?
②Shall
Tom
go
there
with
me
tomorrow?
③You
shall
finish
your
homework
first
before
you
go
out
and
play.
④One
of
our
rules
is
that
every
student
shall
wear
school
uniform
while
at
school.
⑤You
should/ought
to
put
more
effort
into
your
work.
⑥She
promised
to
come
by
10
o'clock.She
should/ought
to
be
here
at
any
moment.
⑦It's
not
surprising
that
people
should
be
suspicious
of
politicians'
promises.
[归纳用法]
(1)shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，征求对方的意见。
(2)shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；此外，当颁布法律、规定时也用shall。
(3)should/ought
to都表示劝告和建议，意为“应该”。此时ought
to比should语气要强。
(4)should/ought
to都表示预测可能性，意为“按道理应该会”。
(5)should表示惊讶、意外等情绪，意为“竟然”。
[即学即练2] 单句语法填空
①Shall
we
put
off
the
sports
meet
till
next
month?
②You
shall
receive
all
the
money
that
is
owed
to
you.
③We
should/ought
to
be
strict
with
ourselves.
④He
left
Paris
in
the
morning.So
he
should/ought
to
arrive
here
by
supper
time.
⑤It
is
strange
that
such
things
should
happen
in
our
school.
3．will/would/used
to
[观察例句]
①If
you
will
read
the
book，I
will
lend
it
to
you.
②Would
you
come
into
the
bar
and
have
a
drink
with
me?
③Every
evening
he
will
have
a
walk
along
the
river.
④I
still
remember
my
happy
childhood
when
my
mother
would
take
me
to
Disneyland
at
weekends.
⑤He
used
to
spend
all
his
money
on
food
and
drink;
now
he
lives
a
simple
life.
[归纳用法]
(1)will/would表示意愿，可用于各种人称。
(2)will/would表示“请求；建议”，此时would比will更委婉。
(3)will/would表示习惯，意为“总是，习惯于”。与used
to相比，would表示过去重复、习惯性动作；而used
to则强调过去与现在的对比。
[即学即练3] 单句语法填空
①We
will
never
give
up
working，whatever
happens.
②Would
you
mind
opening
the
window
for
me?
③He
will
talk
for
hours
if
you
give
him
the
chance.
④Last
year
our
English
teacher
would
tell
us
stories
in
English
after
class.
⑤I
used
to
smoke，but
I
have
given
it
up.
4．“情态动词＋have
done”
[观察例句]
①Since
nobody
gave
him
any
help，he
must
have
done
the
research
on
his
own.
②He
can't
have
gone
to
Shanghai，for
I
saw
him
a
minute
ago.
③He
might
have
said
so
at
the
meeting，but
I'm
not
sure.
④You
could
have
done
better，but
you
didn't
try
your
best.
⑤I
was
really
anxious
about
you.You
shouldn't
have
left
home
without
a
word.
⑥You
needn't
have
told
him
the
news;
he
has
heard
it
already.
[归纳用法]
※表示对过去的推测
(1)must
have
done表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测，意为“一定做过某事。”
(2)can/could
have
done用于否定句和疑问句，表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定，意为“不可能已经……”或“可能已经……了吗？”
(3)may/might
have
done用于肯定句和否定句，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为“或许做过某事”或“或许没做过某事”。
※表示后悔、责备或遗憾等情绪
(4)can/could
have
done用在肯定句中，表示对过去没有实现的可能性的遗憾，意为“本来能做……实际上却未做”。
(5)should/ought
to
have
done表示本该做某事而实际上未做；否定式表示本不该做但却做了。
(6)needn't
have
done表示做了本来不必做的事。
[即学即练4] 完成句子
①昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
It
must
have
rained
last
night，for
the
ground
is
wet.
②他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。
He
may/might
have
given
you
more
help，even
though
he
was
busy.
③他本来能通过考试，但他太粗心了。
He
could
have
passed
the
exam，but
he
was
too
careless.
④你本没有必要来学校，今天是周日。
You
needn't
have
come
to
the
school.It
is
Sunday
today.
⑤现在太晚了，那时你本该抓住机会的。
It's
too
late
now.You
should
have
grasped
the
chance
then.
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空
1．They
may/might
be
having
a
meeting，but
I'm
not
sure.
2．When
he
lived
in
the
countryside，he
would
go
fishing
every
day.
3．If
you
will
help
us，we
shall
be
very
grateful.
4．Don't
worry，you
shall
have
the
reply
this
afternoon.
5．Can
he
have
gone
abroad
when
we
get
there?
6．He
must
have
been
to
the
island，for
he
knows
a
lot
about
it.
7．George
can't
have
gone
too
far.His
coffee
is
still
warm.
8．You
needn't
have
worried－it
all
turned
out
fine.
9．The
flowers
have
died.I
should
have
watered
them
often.
10．He
could
have
passed
the
driving
test
at
the
first
attempt，but
he
was
too
nervous.
Ⅱ.用适当的情态动词或括号内单词的适当形式完成短文
I'm
sorry
to
learn
that
you've
failed
in
the
examination.You
said
you
could
1.have
passed(pass)
it
but
you
were
too
nervous.
But
things
2.may
not
be
like
that.If
you
had
made
enough
3.preparations(preparation)，you
wouldn't
4.have
been
(be)too
nervous.I
think
the
real
reason
for
your
failure
5.must
be
that
you
didn't
do
your
best.
When
an
opportunity
comes，we
6.should/ought
to
grasp
it
7.tightly(tight)．But
if
we
only
wait
for
the
good
opportunity
8.to
come，it
will
never
come.
As
the
saying
9.goes(go)，“Practice
makes
perfect.”If
you
10.will
put
more
effort
into
your
study，you
are
sure
to
make
it
next
time.
