Unit 2 Topic 1 Pollution has causes too many problems导学案（含答案）

初中英语 核心词汇（Unit 2 Saving the Earth - Topic 1 Pollution has caused too many problems.）
1. 会拼读词汇，掌握词汇的基本含义。
2. 掌握词汇的基本用法，并能正确地用于句中。

重点：pain, bear, harmful, create, pour…into, what’s worse, no better than, not all
难点：what’s worse和what’s more的区别, not all的用法以及部分否定和全部否定的区别
考点精讲：
【词汇领读】
bee n. 蜜蜂 butterfly n. 蝴蝶；蝶泳
mess n. 肮脏，杂乱；困境 shame n. 羞耻；羞愧
several det. pron. 几个，数个 pour v. 倒出；倾泻；不断流出
waste adj.
v. 废弃的，丢弃的，无用的；浪费 destroy v. 摧毁，破灭
cut down
砍到 pollute v. 污染
goodness n. 谢天谢地 breathe v. 呼吸
pain n. 疼，痛，痛苦 produce v. 生产，制造
chest n. 胸部，胸膛 awful adj. 很坏的，极讨厌的
bear v. 承受；忍受 harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to…
有害的，导致损害的 deaf adj. 聋的
print v. 印刷 recently adv. 不久前；最近
disturb v. 打扰；扰乱 do harm to
伤害；损害
uncomfortable adj. 使人不舒服的；令人不舒适的 unpleasant adj. 令人不快的；不舒服的
environmental adj. 环境的 including prep. 包括……在内
onto prep. 向，朝 sentence n. 句子；判决；宣判
coal n. 煤；煤块 create v. 造成；创造
blood n. 血 planet n. 行星
【词汇精讲】
1. pain n. 疼，痛，痛苦
pain是可数名词，表示身体某部位疼痛时，常表示为：a pain in the + 身体部位。
He felt a pain in his head. 他感到头疼。
No pains, no gains. 不劳则无获。
pain与sore，ache的用法区别在中考中是常考点。
sore 是形容词，通常指由于发炎而引起的肌肉疼痛，表示身体某一部位疼痛时，放在身体部位名词前面。如：
I have a sore throat. 我喉咙痛。
ache 是名词，指持续的隐隐的疼痛，常放在身体部位名词后构成病痛名称。如：
I have a toothache. 我牙痛。
I can’t go to school today because I’ve got __________ in my head.
A. a hat B. an idea C. a pain D. a dream
答案：C
思路分析：根据句意“我因为头痛不能上学。”可知，表示“身体某部位疼痛”，故选C。
2. bear v. 承受；忍受
bear是及物动词，意为“承受，忍受”。
The pain was almost more than he could bear. 这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。
bear后可以接动名词，动词不定式作宾语。如：
I can’t bear having cats in the house. 我忍受不了在家里养猫。
How can you bear to eat such cold food? 这么凉的东西你怎么吃得下？
can’t stand sth./doing sth. 意为“不能容忍某事／做某事。”如：
I can’t stand the pain. 我受不了这疼痛。
I can’t stand staying up so late. 我忍受不了这么晚睡。
—Stop making such noise, I can’t __________ it.
— I’m sorry, I won’t do it again.
A. stop B. bear C. hear D. harm
答案：B
思路分析：句意：我不能忍受这样的噪音。stop阻止；bear忍受；hear听到，harm伤害，故选B。
3. harmful adj. 有害的
harmful是形容词，意为“对……有害”，其名词形式是harm，常见结构：be harmful to…意为“对……有害”。
Smoking is harmful to health. 吸烟有害健康。
短语be harmful to 和 do harm to的用法是常考点。
be harmful to = do harm to对……有害, 如：
Staying up is harmful to our health. = Staying up does harm to our health.
熬夜有损我们的健康。
Eating too much junk food is __________ to our health.
A. useful B. wonderful C. harmful D. helpful
答案：C
思路分析：句意：吃太多的垃圾食品对我们的健康有害，be harmful to意为“对……有害”。故选C。
4. create v. 造成，创造
create是及物动词，意为“创建，创造”，后接名词或名词短语作宾语。
How do I create a new file? 我该怎样创建一个新文档？
He told me the story of how God created the world. 他给我讲了上帝如何创造世界的故事。
create产生，引起
The main road was closed, creating a lot of traffic problems. 主路被封闭，引起了诸多交通问题。
根据句意和汉语提示填空
The government plans to _________（创造）more jobs for young people.
答案：create
思路分析：句意：政府计划为年轻人创造更多工作。因此填create。
5. pour into 向……投入……
pour into意为“向……投入……”，相对应的词组是pour out of意为“从……倒出”。
The government has poured millions of yuan into education. 政府在教育上投资数百万元。
Please pour the sugar out of the bag into a pot. 请把糖从袋中倒入罐内。
pour into和pour out of, pour away的区别是常考点。

pour away意为“倒掉”，如：
Pour away the dirty water. 把脏水倒掉。
Don’t _________ waste water ________ the lakes and rivers. We should protect our environment well.
A. put; into B. pour; into C. put; out of D. pour; away
答案：B
思路分析：句意：不要把污水倒入河流中，pour into意为“向……投入……”，故选B。
6. what’s worse 更糟的是
what’s worse 意为“更糟的是”，用来描述形式的恶化。
My car broke down on the half way. What’s worse, it was raining heavily.
我的车半路抛锚。更糟的是，当时正下着大雨。
what’s worse和what’s more的区别是常考点。
what’s more 而且，更为重要的是
The new machine is cheaper, and what’s more, it’s better.
这台新机器比较便宜，而且质量更好。
The heavy rain has lasted almost a week. ________, it has caused floods in many parts of the country.
A. Even though B. Anyway C. What’s more D. What’s worse
答案：D
思路分析：what’s worse意为“更糟的是”，符合语境。故选D。
7. no better than同……（几乎）一样；和……（几乎）一样坏
The path is no better than a sheep track. 那条路简直就是一条羊肠小道。
固定短语no better than的用法是常见考点。
no better than相当于almost as bad/badly as，如：
Lucy did no better than Lily in the exam. 露西和莉莉考得几乎一样糟。
Though I’m only 15 years old, I can see _________ than my grandfather. Because I often watch TV for a longtime.
A. better B. no better C. farther D. longer
答案：B
思路分析：no better than意为“同……（几乎）一样不好”，句意为“虽然我才15岁，但是我的视力和我爷爷几乎一样不好，因为我经常长时间看电视。”故选B。
8. not all 不是所有的都……
not all表示部分否定，意为“不是所有的都……”。
Not all people know noise is also a kind of pollution.
并非所有人都知道噪音也是一种污染。
not与both，all，every以及every的派生词连用时表示部分否定是中考中的常见考点。
not与both，all，every以及every的派生词连用时也表示部分否定，如：
Not everybody likes watching TV. 并非人人都爱看电视。
Not every problem is difficult. 并非每个问题都难。
neither，none，nothing，nobody，no one 等表示全部否定。如：
Neither of the students likes reading. 这两个学生都不喜欢读书。
I think nothing is difficult for me. 我认为对我来说一切都不难。
____________ students in our class like English. Some like math.
A. All B. Both C. Not everyone D. Not all
答案：D
思路分析：从Some like math.得知，前面一句意为“并非我们班上全部学生都喜欢英语”，
且not everyone后面不能再跟名词students，故选D。
同步练习：

（答题时间：20分钟）
Ⅰ. 根据要求完成单词。
(A) 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1. People used to burn _________（煤）to cook or keep warm.
2. Don’t drink too much. It will cause high ________（血）pressure.
3. The earth is the third ________ (行星) from the sun.
4. If we recycled more waste, we wouldn’t need to produce so much and there wouldn’t be so much _________（污染）.
5. This factory _________（生产）many cars every year.
(B) 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
6. Our English teacher asked us to make a s _______ with the new word.
7. Long-time working in noisy conditions can make people d_______ easily.
8. —How long does it take to p________ these newspapers?
—A week.
9. R ________, our government has carried out some policies to prevent air pollution.
10. N ________ is a kind of pollution, and it can make people angry more easily.
Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
1. Fruit juice can ________ ________ ________（对……有害）children’s teeth.
2. That factory makes too much noise all day. People nearby ___ ___（无法忍受）it.
3. Helen lost her job last week. ________ ________（更糟的是），she lost her house this week.
4. Everyone should _______ ______ (关心) our environment because we have only one earth．
5. Miss Wang ______ ______ _____ ______ ______ (心情不好) because her pet dog was lost.
Ⅲ. 单项选择
1. —Don’t eat too much candy, for it’s _________ your teeth.
—Oh, I get it. Thank you.
A. harm to B. good for C. badly to D. harmful to
2. There is _________ pollution in the world. We must stop it.
A. much too B. too much C. many too D. too many
3. —Is the flower beautiful?
—Yes, at _________ it’s _________ the one you bought for me.
A. last, as bad as B. least, no better than
C. last, not better D. least, no worse than
4. Pollution does harm to our health and it makes people _________.
A. to feel terrible B. feel terrible C. to feel terribly D. feel terribly
5. _________ Tom _________ Maria loves this sport.
A. Both, and B. Not only, but also
C. I, and D. Both, or
6. _________ the environment is important for human beings.
A. Take care of B. Taking care of C. Took care of D. Take the care of
7. —Have you finished your homework?
—Not _________. I _________TV last night.
A. already, have watched B. yet, watched
C. just, watch D. ever, watches
8. —It smells terrible. What has happened here?
—Look, there is much waste gas _________ from the chemical factory.
A. pour B. pouring C. poured D. pours
9. —Hey, Tom. You look terrible. What’s wrong?
—I’ve got a________ in my foot.
A. shoe B. sock C. pain D. smell
10. I don’t like that restaurant. I can’t ________the noisy environment there.
A. bear B. mind C. refuse D. support
11. My English isn’t good. Xiao Gang isn’t good at English, either.
Xiao Gang’s English is _________ mine.
A. better than B. more than C. no better than D. best than
12. Air pollution and noise pollution are harmful _________ people’s health.
A. in B. on C. to D. for
13. _______students can often search the Internet in our class. Some of them have no computers.
A. Both B. All C. Not all D. None of
14. Burning gas, oil and coal ________ air pollution and it can also _________ some illness.
A. creator; cause B. created; cause
C. created ; causes D. creates ; causes
15. I found that the factory was pouring waste water________ the river near it.
A. to B. into C. onto D. on
16. The heavy rain has lasted almost a week. ________, it has caused floods in many parts of the country.
A. Even though B. Anyway C. What’s more D. What’s worse
Ⅳ. 完形填空
阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。
As we all know, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. In some places we can’t see fish 1 in the river or trees on the hills. Some people even have no clean water to drink.
Recently, a new life style called low carbon（低碳）life is spreading every corner of our country. The meanings of low carbon are 2 energy and no waste. It is such an important project that I can’t wait to express my ideas on how to promote it.
First, we should 3 a no-car day every week in our school. Because cars not only cause serious air pollution but also waste energy. 4 the no-car day, neither students 5 teachers are allowed to drive to school. At the same time, just walk or run. Use our legs and enjoy the fun.
Second, we had better not use plastic bags 6 . No one can stand the“white pollution”, 7 it is wise to use cloth bags which can be used again and again.
8 , one thing that we should keep in mind is that every big thing comes from the small details. So, as students, we ought to turn 9 the lights the moment we leave, use 10 sides of the paper, and reuse our textbooks and so on.
All in all, it weighs greatly for all of us to put the low carbon lifestyle into practice. Just set our mind to these：no-car days, no plastic bags, and no waste. Let’s do it now.
1. A. swims B. swimming C. to swim D. swam
2. A. below B. high C. above D. low
3. A. set off B. set up C. put on D. put down
4. A. In B. At C. On D. With
5. A. nor B. or C. both D. and
6. A. any more B. no more C. no longer D. never
7. A. because B. so C. but D. although
8. A. Finally B. 3rd C. 4th D. 5th
9. A. up B. down C. on D. off
10. A. both B. each C. every D. all
答案：
Ⅰ. 1. coal 2. blood 3. planet 4. pollution 5. produce 6. sentence 7. deaf
8. print 9. Recently 10. Noise
Ⅱ. 1. be harmful to 2. can’t bear 3. What’s worse 4. care for 5. was in a bad mood
Ⅲ. 1. D 解析：be harmful to，意为“有害的，导致损害的”，故选D。
2. B 解析：much too 后接形容词、副词; too many 后接可数名词复数; too much 后接不可数名词；pollution 是一个不可数名词，故选B。
3. D 解析：考查at least和no+形容词比较级+than，含义是“至少它不比……（花）差，”故选D。
4. B 解析：系动词feel后接形容词作表语，排除C和D，使役动词make后跟不带to的不定式，故选B。
5. B 解析：both...and...意为“两者都”；not only...but also意为“不仅……而且”。两者区别是both...and...连接两个名词作主语时，谓语用原形，而not only...but also连接两个名词作主语时，按照“就近原则”，故选B。
6. B 解析：动名词短语作主语，故选B。
7. B 解析：主要考查yet在现在完成时中的运用。yet用于否定句和疑问句中，根据last night可知用一般过去时，故选B。
8. B 解析：There be+sth./sb. doing sth. 为固定句型，意为“有某人或某物正在做某事”，故选B。
9. C 根据句意“我的脚痛。”可知，表示“身体某部位疼痛”，故选C。
10. A 根据句意“我不喜欢那个餐馆，我不能忍受那里的嘈杂环境”，可知选A。
11. C 根据句意“我的英语不好，小刚的英语也不好”可知，小刚的英语和我的一样差，故选C。
12. C 句意：大气污染和噪音污染对人们的健康有害，be harmful to“对……有害”，故选C。
13. C 根据后半句句意“一些学生没有电脑”可知，并非所有的学生经常上网查找资料，故选C。
14. D 句意：燃烧煤气、石油和煤引起大气污染而且也能引起一些疾病，故选D。
15. B 句意：我发现那家工厂正在把污水倒进附近的河流里，pour… into“把……倒入”，故选B。
16. D What’s worse意为“更糟的是”，符合语境，故选D。
Ⅳ. 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述怎样低碳生活。
1. B 解析：see sb./sth. doing sth.意为“看见某人/某物正在做某事”，故选B。
2. D 解析：本句意为“低碳生活的意思是低能量无浪费，”故选D。
3. B 解析：本句意为“首先，我们应该在我们学校每星期建立一个无车日。”set up建立，成立，故选B。
4. C 解析：在具体某一天前用介词on，故选C。
5. A 解析：neither...nor...为固定短语，意为“既不……也不……”，故选A。
6. A 解析：not...any more为固定短语，意为“不再……”，故选A。
7. B 解析：由前面“没有人能够忍受白色污染”可知，后面应该用so 意为“因此”，故选B。
8. A 解析：由前面两小节开头的First和Second可知，最后一点用Finally，故选A。
9. D 解析：由上下文可知，我们离开时应该关掉灯，turn off意为“关掉”，故选D。
10. A 解析：纸有两面，用both。故选A。