英语九年级上册 核心词汇 Unit 2 Topic 3 What can we do to protect the environment -导学案 （含答案）

初中英语 核心词汇（Unit 2 Saving the earth - Topic 3 What can we do at home to protect the environment? ）
1. 会拼读词汇，掌握词汇的基本含义；
2. 掌握词汇的基本用法，并能正确地用于句中。

重点：agreement, hurry, require, dry, give up, ought to, stop doing sth.
难点：stop doing sth.与stop to do sth.的区别。
考点精讲：
【词汇领读】
protection n. 保护；防卫 organization n. 组织；团体；机构
recycle n. 回收利用，再利用 plastic adj. 塑料的
can n. （美）罐子；罐头 nod v. 点头
agreement n. 同意；一致；协议 disagreement n. 分歧；争论
hurry up
赶快，快点 give up
放弃
ought to
应该 shut off
停止；关掉
electricity n. 电；电能 distance n. 距离
cloth n. 织物，布料 action n. 行动；行为
after all
毕竟；归根到底 acid rain
酸雨
technology n. 技术 straw n. （收割后干燥的）禾秆，稻草
renewable adj. 可更新的，可再生的 require v. 需要，要求
electric adj. 用电的；电动的 best-known
最知名的
German n. 德国人；德语 wheel n. 轮，车轮，轮子
guide n. 向导，导游；指南，手册 path n. 道路；途径
wave n.
v. 挥手；招手；海浪
招手；摆手 deep adj.
adv. 深的；厚的
深深地；在深处
run out
用完，耗尽 worldwide adv. 全世界；世界各地
sunlight n. 阳光，日光 steam n. 水蒸气，蒸汽；水汽
remove v. 去除，使消失；移开 replace v. 代替，取代
dry adj.
v. 干燥的，雨少的；
使……干；弄干，擦干 insect n. 昆虫
bite v. 咬；叮 planter n. 种植园主
【词汇精讲】
1. agreement n. 同意；一致；协议
agreement是agree的名词形式，意为“同意，应允”。
You’ll have to get your parents’ agreement if you want to go on a trip. 如果你想去旅游你就必须先征得你父母的同意。
在中考中，动词agree和其名词形式agreement的用法是常考点。
（1）agreement还可用作“（意见或看法）一致”。如：
Are you two in agreement about that price? 你俩对价格的意见一致吗？
（2）agreement的反义词是disagreement，意为“分歧，争论”。如：
Bill and I have some disagreement about that plan. 比尔和我对那个计划的意见有分歧。
—Would you like to go on a picnic with us this Sunday?
—I’d love to, but I have to get my parents’ __________first.
A. agreement B. surprise C. offer D. share
答案：A
思路分析：句意：“我乐意去，但是我必须首先得到我父母的同意”故选A。
2. hurry v. 赶快，匆忙
hurry是不及物动词，意为“赶快，匆忙”，常见搭配是hurry up，用来催促别人，意为“赶快，赶紧”。
You’ll have to hurry if you want to catch that train. 如果你想赶上那趟火车就得抓紧时间。
Hurry up! The classes begin. 快点，要上课了。
hurry可作名词，意为“匆忙，急忙”，如：
Take your time, and there is no hurry. 慢慢来，别急。
He had to leave in a hurry. 他不得不赶快离开了。
_______ The movie will begin in a minute.
A. Hurry up. B. Give up. C. Stay up. D. Put up.
答案：A
思路分析：句意“赶快，电影马上将开始了。”hurry up意为“赶快，赶紧”，故选A。
3. require v. 需要，要求
require是及物动词，后可接名词、代词或名词短语，意为“需要，要求。”
These pets require a lot of care. 这些宠物需要悉心照顾。
I don’t require anything else. 我不需要别的什么东西。
在中考中，require的用法是常见考点。
We all know that learning a language __________ time and effort.
A. requires B. reduces C. removes D. reuses
答案：A
思路分析：句意“我们都知道学习一种语言需要时间和努力。”故选A。
4. dry adj. 干燥的，雨少的； v. 使……干；弄干，擦干
dry 作形容词时，意为“干燥的，雨少的，干性的。”
Is my shirt dry? 我的衬衣干了吗？
Store onions in a cool dry place. 把洋葱放在凉爽干燥的地方。
dry作形容词和动词的用法是常见考点。
dry可作动词，意为“使……干，弄干，擦干”。如：
Use the towel to dry your hair. 用毛巾擦干你的头发。
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
January is a d ________ month in Beijing. Drinking much water is necessary.
答案：dry
思路分析：句意“一月份是北京干燥的月份，多喝水是必须的。”因此填dry。
5. give up 放弃
give up为“动词+副词”结构的短语，意为“放弃”。其后可跟名词或动名词作宾语，但不能跟动词不定式作宾语。
He is a man who doesn’t give up easily. 他是个不轻易放弃的人。
She wanted to give up math because it was too difficult. 她想放弃数学，因为它太难了。
词组give up 的用法在中考中是常见考点。
give up doing sth. 意为“放弃做某事”。如：
You should ask your father to give up smoking. 你应该让你父亲戒烟。
The people in Ya’an have met lots of difficulties, but they haven’t ________ hope.
A. picked up B. given up C. looked for D. waited for
答案：B
思路分析：pick up“捡起”； give up“放弃”；look for“寻找”；wait for“等待”。由but可知，前后两部分为转折关系，再结合选项的提示可知句意应为“雅安的人们遇到了许多困难，但是他们没有放弃希望”。故选B。
6. ought to 应该
ought to意为“应该做某事”，可表示责任或义务，指道义上应该做的事。
We ought to be polite to the old. 我们应该尊敬老人。
You ought to help your mother do some housework. 你应该帮你妈妈做些家务活。
ought to无人称、时态及数的变化。否定形式为： ought not to do sth.=oughtn’t to do sth.不应该做某事。 如：
You ought not to tell her the bad news. 你不应该告诉她这条坏消息。
You _________ keep the water running all the time, because you’re wasting water.
A. ought to B. ought not C. not ought D. ought not to
答案：A
思路分析：ought not to do sth.否定句型，意为“不应该去做某事”。故选A。
7. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，动词-ing形式作宾语，停止的是doing sth. （正在做的事情）。
When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking and laughing.
老师进来时，学生们停止了说笑。
在中考中，重点考查stop doing sth.和stop to do sth.的区别。
stop to do sth. 意为“停下来（然后）做某事（另一件事）”，动词不定式作目的状语。如：I’m tired. I must stop to have a rest. 我累了，我必须停下来休息一会儿。
stop …from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”， 相当于keep / prevent … from doing sth.如：The trees can stop the wind from blowing away the earth. 树能阻止大风刮走泥土。
The little boy stopped _________ when he saw his mother.
A. to cry B. cry C. crying D. cried
答案：C
思路分析：本题考查stop doing sth.和stop to do sth.的区别，stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，停止正在做的事情；而stop to do sth. 意为“停下来（然后）做某事（另一件事）”，句意“当那个小男孩看到他的母亲时，停止了哭泣。”故选C。
同步练习：

（答题时间：20分钟）
Ⅰ. 根据要求完成单词。
(A) 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1. Biogas ________（技术）has been used in my hometown for nearly three years.
2. Kris and Karl come from Europe. They’re _________（德国人）．
3. —How long will you ________（需要）to finish the work?
—About three days.
4. There are plenty of resources in the _________（深的）ocean.
5. You need a ___（向导）to show you around the city.
(B)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
6. My dog is ill. It _______ my care and attention．
7. One _________ of my car is broken. I need to buy a new one.
8. After these d_ days, everyone hopes for rain.
9. The lake is so d________. Don’t swim in it.
10. Nodding the head means a________.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
1. 他的父母决定待在家里不出去了。
His parents have decided to stay at home__________ ______out.
2. 我们把垃圾分类存放以便它们能够回收利用。
We sort the garbage________ _______they can be recycled.
3. 在过去，中国人用水发电。
In the past, Chinese people ____water____ ____electricity.
4. 她不但是位好老师，而且是位伟大的作家。
She is ________ ______ a good teacher _________ ________ a great writer.
5. 尽管他很富有，他仍然过着简朴的生活。
________ ______he is rich, he lives a simple life.
Ⅲ. 完形填空
阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入文中空白处的正确答案。
Some people say they have a solution to the problems of car crowding and pollution. In many cities, hundreds of people 1 bikes to work every day. In the New York City, some bike riders have even founded a group: Bike for a Better City. They say if more people ride bikes to work, there would be 2 cars and less dirty air.
For several years this group has tried to gather help for bike riders. They want to have special roads 3 bikes only, because when bikes and cars use the same roads, there may be accidents. Bike for a Better City thinks if there were bike roads, more people would use bikes.
But no bike roads have been established 4 . Not everyone thinks it is a good 5 . Drivers don’t like it, and some shop owners don’t like it, 6 . And most people live 7 far from the city to travel by bike. Still, 8 has been done about it. On Saturdays and Sundays, the largest open park in New York is 9 to cars, and the roads may be used by bikes only, but the group still says this is not enough and goes on fighting 10 bike roads. I think there will be more bike roads in the future.
( ) 1. A. on B. ride C. by D. take
( ) 2. A. fewer B. less C. many D. more
( ) 3. A. until B. for C. as D. of
( ) 4. A. yet B. already C. still D. once
( ) 5. A. hope B. way C. help D. idea
( ) 6. A. so B. and C. also D. either
( ) 7. A. very B. quite C. too D. so
( ) 8. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
( ) 9. A. closed B. open C. opening D. closing
( ) 10. A. get B. to get C. ask D. to ask
答案：
Ⅰ. 1. technology 2. Germans 3. require 4. deep 5. guide
6. requires 7. wheel 8. dry 9. deep 10. agreement
Ⅱ. 1. instead of going 2. so that 3. used; to produce 4. not only; but also
5. Even though
Ⅲ. 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述人们为了减少汽车尾气污染，建议人们骑自行车上班，并提议开辟自行车道。
1. B 解析：由于选项在本句中作谓语而谓语应为动词，故排除A、C两项。ride bikes to work骑自行车去上班。
2. A 解析：本句的if从句提示如果有更多的人骑自行车去上班的话，那么就会减少汽车的数量以及对空气的污染。car是可数名词，故选能修饰可数名词的few的比较级。
3. B 解析：考查have … for 表示“有为自行车而专设的特殊道路”。for在这里表示的。
4. A 解析：本句中有否定词no, 而yet多用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中。
5. D 解析：根据上下文看此处的含义是“并不是每个人都认为这是个好主意”。分析选项，只有idea符合题意。
6. D 解析：either用于否定句末，表示“也”的含义；also也表示“也”之意，但用于肯定句中。
7. C 解析：考查too … to … 结构，表示“太……而不能……”。
8. B 解析：根据上下文此处应填something“有些事情”，用于肯定句；anything“任何东西”，用于否定句和疑问句；nothing“没有什么”，表示否定。
9. A 解析：be closed to表示“对……关闭”，而be open to表示“对……开放”。由Something has been done about it. 可看出，此处应是禁止汽车入内的，所以选择A项。
10. B 解析：考查用不定式作目的状语，而D项不符合题意，所以选择B项。