仁爱版英语九年级上册 重点句型Unit 1 The changing world - Topic 3 The world has changed for the better. 导学案（含答案）

初中英语 重点句型（Unit 1 The changing world - Topic 3 The world has changed for the better. ）
1. 学习句型，理解句型的含义。
2. 正确地运用句型，并能灵活地用于作文中。
3. 继续学习现在完成时，并注意since和for在该时态中的用法区别。
重点：
1. You have been in New York for a long time．
2. Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to offer them help.
3. Sometimes people are homeless because they have a problem with drugs or because they have a mental illness.
4. We must think of the homeless as people, not just as problems.
5. Project Hope has made important contributions to both the education and the health of children.
难点：现在完成时
考点精讲：
【课文朗读】
Section A
(Helen and Bob are talking on the phone.)
Helen: You have been in New York for a long time. How do you like living there?
Bob: It’s great. I really love it
Helen: But I heard that the local traffic was terrible and almost everyone drove too fast.
Bob: Oh, you will get used to it very soon if you come.
Helen: I also heard the streets were dirty.
Bob: They used to be, but the city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago.
Helen: Isn’t it dangerous to live there?
Bob: Well, it was in the past, but it’s quite safe now. As a matter of fact, it’s a wonderful place to live. Near our block, there are beautiful parks, good schools, famous museums and excellent restaurants. And you can go to plays, concerts and operas every day if you like. You must come for a visit. Then you can see New York yourself.
Section B
Maria: What are you reading, Jane?
Jane: I’m reading a newspaper from Canada. Martin showed me an interesting article. It is about a program that helps homeless people.
Maria: Are there homeless people in Canada?
Jane: Oh, yes. Many countries have homeless people. The article says one city has a wonderful program. Since it started, it has helped hundreds of people return to work and live a normal life.
Maria: That sounds great! How do they manage it?
Jane: Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to offer them help.
Maria: Can the homeless people get enough food, homes and medical treatment?
Jane: Yes. And it’s not only that. The program also provides them with job training so that they can find jobs again.
Maria: I think it is important for these people to feel good about themselves.
Jane: You are right. The world has changed for the better.
Section C
One of the most basic human needs is a home. A home is a safe place. While most people around the world value their homes, there are many people in every country who are homeless.
Some people are homeless for a short period of time because they are moving from one place to another, and other people are not able to find a home. They must live on the streets or in a shelter.
There are many causes of homelessness. Sometimes people can not keep a home because they do not earn enough money, or because they do not have a job. Sometimes people are homeless because they have a problem with drugs or because they have a mental illness. No one is ever homeless on purpose.
Whatever the cause of homelessness is, the effects are the same. Homeless people must work very hard to live. They can not raise their children. Sometimes they must steal food just to eat. The government in every country has worked for many years to support the homeless but more needs to be done. We must think of the homeless as people, not just as problems.
【句型精析】
1. You have been in New York for a long time．你在纽约待了很长时间。
现在完成时表示从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态（即开始于过去，直到现在尚未完成的动作或尚未结束的状态）。常与表示从过去到现在的一段时间的状语（for+一段时间；since+过去的某个时间点/一般过去时的句子；since+一段时间+ago）连用。
They have known each other since five years ago. 他们已经认识5年了。
Bill has lived in Beijing since he came to China. 自从来到中国之后，比尔就住在北京。
since和for在现在完成时态中的用法区别是常考点。
since可以用作介词或连词，意为“自从……起”，表示某个动作从某个过去的时间起一直进行，直到说话时间，所以since如果是连词的话，since后面句子一般要用一般过去时，而它的主句则要用现在完成时。如：
I have lived here since I first came in 1999. 自从1999年第一次来这儿我就住在这儿。
for可以作为介词或并列连词。作介词表示时间时，表示动作持续的时间跨度，一般用在现在完成时中。如：
I have lived here for ten years now. 我住在这儿已经有10年了。
I’m working in Beijing. I haven’t gone back home __________ 2013.
A. in B. from C. for D. since
答案：D
思路分析：现在完成时中，since接过去的时间点。故选D。
2. Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to offer them help. 噢，他们一旦发现有需要帮助的人，就决定用适当的方式来给他们提供帮助。
(1)once在本句中是连词，意为“一旦……就……”。引导时间状语从句。
Once you hear the song, you will never forget it. 一旦你听到这首歌，你会永远忘不了它。
（2）in need在困难时，在贫困之中。介词短语作后置定语修饰名词people。
The teacher is so kind – hearted that he often helps the students in need.
这位老师心地善良，他经常帮助贫困的学生。
（3）decide on决定，选定
They decided on a field trip for their holidays.
= They decided to have a field trip for their holidays. 他们决定假期春游。
____________ you get lost, please call me.
A. Though B. Until C. Before D. Once
答案：D
思路分析：根据句意“一旦你迷路，请给我打电话”应选once意为“一旦……就……”。故选D。
3. Sometimes people are homeless because they have a problem with drugs or because they have a mental illness.有时人们无家可归，是因为他们吸毒或是有精神疾病。
have a problem with…有某方面的问题
I have a few problems with my car. 我的车有些毛病。
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
我的新手机有些问题。
I have some__________ _________ my new mobile phone.
答案：problems with
思路分析：根据句意可知，我的新手机有些问题，因此填problems with。
4. We must think of the homeless as people, not just as problems. 我们一定要把无家可归者像“正常人”一样看待，而不仅仅是视为“难题”。
think of …as…意为“将……看作（视为）……”相当于regard…as…。
I think of this place as my home. 我将这个地方视为我家。
他们已经把我看成他们家的一员。
They’ve already________ ________ me _______ a member of their family.
答案：thought of ; as
思路分析：根据句意可知，表示把……看作……，因此填thought of ; as。
5. Project Hope has made important contributions to both the education and the health of children．希望工程为孩子们的教育和健康做出了重要贡献。
make contributions to (doing) sth. 意为“为……做贡献”。
= make a contribution to (doing) sth.
We must work hard to make contributions to the society. 我们必须努力工作，为社会做贡献。
What can we do to make contributions to protecting the environment? 我们要怎样做才能为保护环境做贡献？
根据汉语意思完成句子。
每个人都应该为保护环境做出贡献。
Everyone should _______ _______ _______ ________ protecting the environment.
答案：make a contribution to
思路分析：根据句意可知，表示为……做贡献，因此填make a contribution to。
同步练习：

（答题时间：20分钟）
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. —Is it interesting to play computer games?
—Yes, _______ you are interested in playing computer games, you’ll have trouble giving it up.
A. once B. twice C. as D. as soon as
2. —Mrs. Green, how long have you lived in Beijing?
—Let me see. I’ve lived here _________ about 10 years，_________ 2005.
A. since； for B. for; since C. since：since D. for; for
3. The Chinese people __________ Yue Fei as a brave national hero.
A. take B. look on C. look at D. think of
4. —What do you think of Project Hope?
—Great! It has made important contributions ___________the education.
A. for B. of C. to D. in
5. —How long has he__________ from home?
—For eight days.
A. left B. been away C. be away D. leave
6. I used to _________my dream. But now I get used to _________doing everything. I think I’ll be successful one day.
A. give up; keeping B. giving up; keeping
C. giving up; keep D. give up; keep
7. —How long have you lived in this town?
—_________ 2001.
A. Since B. In C. To D. Until
8. __________ you eat this kind of fish, you’ll never forget its special taste.
A. Unless B. Once C. Until D. So
9. The girl often helps Granny Wang after school, and Granny Wang thinks ______the girl______ her daughter.
A. of; as B. out; as C. over; with D. about; like
10. —When did the Greens come to China?
—They_________ China for seven years.
A. have come to B. have been to C. have come in D. have been in
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
One day Peng Xianzhe learned he would go to the Mashan School in Guizhou. The 16-year-old boy tried to imagine how serious the drought was for the students at that school. However, he realized it was more serious than he had imagined when he saw the sign “DON’T wash clothes with water, or you will be punished（惩罚）. ”
Because of drought, the school has been short of water for a long time. Each student has only one bottle of water every day for washing and drinking. The drought has made the poor students much poorer.
Peng is a student from Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School. He took part in the school’s Rain & Bow Project from April 2 to 10.
The project idea came from Peng’s principal（负责人）. One day, she heard a sad story about Li Guoxian, a poor girl in the Mashan School, who stopped going to school because of drought. The principal started this project to help the school. In one day, 3，000 students made over 10，000 donations of water，books and clothes.
Peng and other four students went to the Mashan School and gave the donations with five teachers. They visited poor families, made surveys and had classes at the school.
Ding Zhentao, 16, was worried about the school’s poor learning environment. “The blackboards and playground are too shabby to use，”Ding said. “Besides, there really aren’t enough teachers. A teacher has to teach both history and English, and even the cook is a class teacher. ”
Although life isn’t easy, students at the school have a positive attitude(积极的态度）towards life and they are quite willing to learn. That’s what moved 16-year-old Chen Shi most.
“They sang their songs together as usual before class every afternoon. After class, the students asked us to tell them things about Beijing and our studies,” Chen said. “You can see the passion(热情）in them. I believe it will make a difference. Their futures will be bright. ”
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
1. Which school does Peng Xianzhe study？
A. Mashan School.
B. Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School.
C. Project School.
D. Training School.
2. The underlined word“shabby”means in Chinese.
A. 黑乎乎的 B. 光滑的
C. 破旧不堪的 D. 不平整
3. Who started the school’s Rain & Bow Project？
A. The principal of the foreign language school.
B. Peng Xianzhe, a 16-year-old boy.
C. Chen Shi, a student from Beijing.
D. Li Guoxian, a poor girl in Guizhou.
4. How many people went to the Mashan School and gave the donations?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Nine. D. Ten.
5. The passage mainly tells us about .
A. the poor learning environment of the Mashan School
B. the things that Beijing students did, saw and heard at the Mashan School
C. the Mashan School students’ positive attitude towards the drought
D. a story of a poor girl who stopped going to school because of drought
Ⅲ. 书面表达
由于父亲常年在外工作，李华一边上学一边照顾多病的母亲。昨天李华不慎摔伤了脚，医生建议他在家休息两周。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文，谈谈如何帮助李华。（开头已给出）
提示：
1. Why will you help Li Hua?
2. How can you help him with his lessons?
3. What are you going to do to help him with the housework?
要求：
1. 短文须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥。
2. 词数80个左右。
Li Hua’s father works in another city, so Li Hua has to take care of his sick mother after school.
答案：
Ⅰ.
1. A 解析：主要考查once的用法。表示“一旦……就……”。故选A。
2. B 解析：表示动作或状态的延续常用for+时间段或since+时间点。故选B。
3. D 解析：根据句意“中国人把岳飞看作民族英雄”，think of …as…意为“将……看作（视为）……”。故选D。
4. C 解析：make contributions to...意为“为……做贡献”，是固定搭配。故选C。
5. B 解析：leave (left) 是非延续性动词，不能用于表示时间段的完成时，它要换成相应的延续性动词短语been away。故选B。
6. A 解析：used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”。故选A。
7. A 解析：表示动作或状态的延续常用for+时间段或since+时间点。故选A。
8. B 解析：主要考查once的用法。表示“一旦……就……”。故选B。
9. A 解析：think of …as…意为“将……看作（视为）……”。故选A。
10. D 解析：for seven years前面要用延续性动词。has been to表示到过某地；have been in表示在某地多长时间；come是非延续性动词，后面不可接表一段时间的短语。故选D。
Ⅱ.
1. B 解析：根据第三段第一句“Peng is a student from Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School”可知本题选B。
2. C 解析：根据倒数第三段第二句“The blackboards and playground are too shabby to use.”以及前句“...the school’s poor learning environment”可推测出“shabby”的意思只可能是“破旧不堪的”。故选C。
3. A 解析：第四段第一句“The project idea came from Peng’s principal”说明这项工程的发起人是Peng学校的负责人。故选A。
4. D 解析：根据第五段第一句“Peng and other four students went to the Mashan School and gave the donations with five teachers”可知共去了五位学生和五位老师，即十人。选D。
5. B 解析：综合全文可知本文主要介绍的是北京的学生在Mashan school的所做、所看、所听，即B。
Ⅲ.
One possible version:
Li Hua’s father works in another city, so Li Hua has to take care of his sick mother after school. He hurt his foot yesterday. The doctor said he has to stay at home for two weeks. I will help him. I’ll go to Li Hua’s home to tell him the homework and what we have learned in class, explain the difficult points and answer his questions. I can also do some housework for him, such as doing some cleaning, washing some clothes and cooking. I hope he will get well soon. I’m sure Li Hua won’t fall behind.