(共43张PPT)
Section
C Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
&
Reflection
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.
adj.学术的?
2.
n.侵略?
3.
v.轰炸?
4.
adj.智力的,脑力的?
5.
adj.简单的;粗糙的?
6.
v.扰乱?
7.
adj.吓人的,使人气馁的?
8.
v.激励,加强?
9.
v.出现?
10.
v.描述,描写?
academic
aggression
bomb
intellectual
rough
disrupt
daunting
fortify
emerge
depict
11.breeze
n. ?
12.crowning
adj.
?
13.glory
n.
?
14.prominent
adj.
?
15.representative
n. ?
16.commemorate
v.
?
17.collective
adj.
?
18.sum
n.
?
19.grain
n.
?
20.relevant
adj.
?
微风
使圆满的,使完美的
辉煌的成就;荣耀的事
著名的,杰出的
代表
庆祝,为……举行纪念活动
集体的;共同的
金额;款项
谷物,粮食
有关的,切题的
重点短语
1.
联合起来?
2. 点燃;照亮?
3. 阻止上涨;压制,控制;保持住(工作等)?
4. 吹走?
5. 交战?
6.a
great
many ?
7.serve
as ?
8.a
sum
of ?
9.break
through
?
10.track
down ?
join
together
light
up
hold
down
blow
away
at
war
大量的
充当
一大笔
突围;突破
查获
重点句式
1.It
is
no
wonder
that
many,if
not
most,of
China’s
leading
scholars
and
scientists
emerged
at
Lianda,including
the
two
Nobel
Prize-winning
physicists,Yang
Zhenning
and
Li
Zhengdao.
2.Driven
by
a
sense
of
commitment,a
great
many
joined
the
army
to
resist
the
Japanese
invaders
and
defend
the
honour
of
the
nation.
Ⅱ.阅读导学
根据课文内容,选择正确答案。
1.What
can
we
infer
from
the
fourth
paragraph?
A.Lianda
has
nurtured
many
outstanding
scholars.
B.Lianda
has
become
a
base
for
Nobel
Prize.
C.Lianda
has
survived
immense
challenges.
D.Lianda
has
become
intellectual
heritage.
2.What
does
Zha’s
poem
reflect?
A.The
romantically
academic
struggles.
B.The
honour
of
fighting
for
the
nation.
C.The
difficulty
of
interpreters
in
the
war.
D.The
contributions
of
Lianda
students
made.
答案:A
答案:D
3.What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
two
paragraphs?
A.Famous
professors
made
Lianda
successful.
B.People
today
still
admire
the
spirit
of
Lianda.
C.The
contribution
of
Lianda
is
ignored
by
people.
D.Lianda
is
a
model
for
all
the
modern
universities.
答案:B
重点词汇
1.They
had
to
live
in
rough
buildings,packed
40
to
a
room,like
sardines.他们不得不住在简陋的房子里,像沙丁鱼一样,一个房间挤了40人。(p.32)
【词汇精讲】rough是一个形容词,表示“简单的;粗糙的”。rough指表面看起来或摸上去不平整的东西,用于产品时则表示未经打磨的,还可引申为“(言行)粗野的”“(质量)粗劣的”“(作品)未经润色的”“(处境)艰难的”等意思。
The
shipwrecked
sailors
fit
a
rough
shelter
together
from
building
materials
that
they
found
on
the
island.
这些遭遇海难的水手在岛上找到一些建筑材料搭了一个简陋的房子。
【词汇拓展】
be
rough
on
sb对某人苛刻
give
sb/have
a
rough
time(使某人)受苦、受到严厉的对待等
John
had
a
rough
time
after
losing
both
his
job
and
his
wife
during
the
same
year.
约翰在同一年失去了工作和妻子,日子过得很艰难。
Don’t
be
too
rough
on
her;she’s
only
a
child
and
didn’t
know
she
was
doing
wrong.
不要对她太苛刻,她只是个孩子,并不知道她做了错事。
2.“On
windy
days,we
had
to
hold
down
the
paper
on
the
desk,which
would
otherwise
be
blown
away,”he
said.他说:“在刮风的日子里,我们必须把桌子上的报纸压着,否则会被风吹走的。”(p.32)
【词汇精讲】hold
down是动词短语,表示“保住;阻止上涨;压制,控制”。
Constant
injury
problems
had
made
it
tough
for
him
to
hold
down
a
regular
first
team
place.
不断的伤病问题让他很难保住一个常备主力位置。
【词汇拓展】
hold
back阻挡,抑制;踌躇,退缩;保守,隐瞒
hold
off使……疏远,使不接近;拖延
hold
on坚持
hold
onto紧紧抓住
hold
out坚持;伸出;维持
hold
up支持,支撑;延迟;举起
Jim
was
able
to
hold
back
his
anger
and
avoid
a
fight.
吉姆总算抑制住了愤怒,从而避免了一场斗殴。
He
was
determined
to
hold
on
whatever
difficulties
he
might
run
into.
他下定决心,不管碰到什么困难,都要坚持下去。
3.In
1938,the
Japanese
army
offered
a
large
sum
of
money
for
Yang’s
head
and
a
large
number
of
troops
surrounded
his
men.1938年,日军提供一大笔钱悬赏杨的头颅,大批军队包围了杨的部下。(p.35)
【词汇精讲】sum是名词,表示“金额;款项”。
How
do
you
account
for
losing
such
a
large
sum
of
money?
你丢了这么多钱,怎么解释呢?
【词汇拓展】
sum
up总结,概括
in
sum简言之;总而言之
to
sum
up总而言之
sum
sb/sth
up简而言之
To
sum
up,we
need
to
reduce
our
expenditures
and
target
new
markets
in
order
to
grow.
总而言之,我们需要减少开支,瞄准新的市场,以实现增长。
I
summed
her
up
as
an
experienced
manager.
我认为她是个很有经验的经理。
4.In
early
1940,facing
a
critical
lack
of
supplies,Yang
decided
to
let
his
men
break
through
in
small
groups,but
his
own
section
of
60
men
was
betrayed
to
the
Japanese.1940年初,面对严重的物资短缺,杨决定让手下小队突围,但他自己那一组60人被出卖给日本人。(p.35)
【词汇精讲】break
through是动词短语,表示“冲突;突破”。
I
broke
through
the
poverty
barrier
and
it
was
education
that
did
it.
我冲破了贫困的障碍,正是教育使得我做到了这一点。
【词汇拓展】
break
up打碎;分裂;解体;解散;(关系)破裂;结束;分手
break
down出故障;分解;瓦解;崩溃
break
out突然发生;爆发(不用于被动语态)
break
in非法闯入;插嘴;打断
break
into破门而入;非法闯入;突然……起来
break
off
打断;折断;中断(说话)
break
away
from脱离;摆脱;挣脱;打破陈规
Burglars
had
broken
in
while
we
were
away.
我们不在家时,窃贼闯进屋里了。
The
meeting
broke
up
at
eleven
o’clock.
会议在十一点结束。
重点句式
1.It
is
no
wonder
that
many,if
not
most,of
China’s
leading
scholars
and
scientists
emerged
at
Lianda,including
the
two
Nobel
Prize-winning
physicists,Yang
Zhenning
and
Li
Zhengdao.难怪在联大涌现出了许多中国顶尖的学者和科学家,包括两位诺贝尔物理学奖获得者杨振宁和李正道。(p.32)
【句式剖析】it’s
no
wonder
that的省略形式是no
wonder,表示“难怪……;怪不得……”。
It
is
no
wonder
that/No
wonder
that
online
shopping
is
more
and
more
popular;the
prices
are
much
lower.
价格低那么多,难怪网上购物越来越流行。
【句式拓展】
(1)no
wonder
(that)...=it’s
no
wonder
(that)...难怪……;……不足为奇
sb
wonders
whether/if/when/why/how...某人想知道是否/什么时候/为什么/怎么……
(2)there
is
no
doubt
(that)...毫无疑问……
there
is
no
point
(in)
doing
sth做某事毫无意义
there
is
no
need
to
do
sth没有必要做某事
it
is
no
use/good
doing
sth做某事无益
I
wonder
if
you
could
give
me
some
advice
on
how
to
learn
English.
我想知道您是否能给我一些如何学习英语的建议。
No
wonder
he
was
admitted
to
Tsinghua
University—he
was
so
intelligent
and
hard-working.
他那么聪明又勤奋好学,难怪他被清华大学录取了。
2.Driven
by
a
sense
of
commitment,a
great
many
joined
the
army
to
resist
the
Japanese
invaders
and
defend
the
honour
of
the
nation.在一种责任感的驱使下,许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者,保卫国家的荣誉。(p.32)
【句式剖析】本句中的Driven
by
a
sense
of
commitment是过去分词作原因状语。其中drive与句子的主语a
great
many
构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
Driven
by
the
competitive
market,these
companies
have
to
take
active
measures
to
improve
their
products.在竞争激烈的市场驱动下,这些公司必须采取积极措施改进产品。
【句式拓展】
过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动或完成的动作,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
(1)作时间状语。过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个when,while,after,once等引导的时间状语从句。
(2)作原因状语。过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个as,since,because等引导的原因状语从句。
(3)作条件状语。过去分词作条件状语时,相当于一个if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。
(4)作让步状语。过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个though,although,even
if/though等引导的让步状语从句。
(5)作方式或伴随状语。过去分词作方式或伴随状语时,可以转换成一个并列句。
He
soon
fell
asleep,exhausted
by
the
journey.
由于旅途劳顿,他很快就睡着了。
Broken
down
on
the
highway,his
car
was
carried
away
by
the
police.
他的车在公路上坏了,于是被警察拖走了。
Given
a
few
minutes,I’ll
finish
it.
再给几分钟的时间,我就会完成了。
Explained
a
hundred
times,he
still
can’t
understand
it.即使给他解释一百遍,他还是不会明白。
文化意识
Virtual
Reality(虚拟现实)
Virtual
Reality(虚拟现实技术,英文缩写为VR),又称灵境技术,是20世纪发展起来的一项全新的实用技术。虚拟现实技术囊括计算机、电子信息、仿真技术于一体,其基本实现方式是计算机模拟虚拟环境从而给人以环境沉浸感。随着社会生产力和科学技术的不断发展,各行各业对VR技术的需求日益旺盛。VR技术也取得了巨大进步,并逐步成为一个新的科学技术领域。
虚拟现实技术得到了越来越多人的认可,用户可以在虚拟现实世界体验到最真实的感受,其模拟环境的真实性与现实世界难辨真假,让人有种身临其境的感觉;同时,虚拟现实具有一切人类所拥有的感知功能,比如听觉、视觉、触觉、味觉、嗅觉等感知系统;最后,它具有超强的仿真系统,真正实现了人机交互,使人在操作过程中,可以随意操作并且得到环境最真实的反馈。正是虚拟现实技术的存在性、多感知性、交互性等特征使它受到了许多人的喜爱。
高分写作
如何写战争英雄人物
假如你是李华,最近在学习中国历史的过程中,抗日战争中涌现的英雄人物让同学们钦佩。根据以下要点,用英文写一篇东北抗联英雄赵尚志的事迹。
1.赵尚志(1908—1942)生于辽宁省。他十七岁加入中国共产党。不久,入黄埔军校学习。
2.“九一八”事变后,从事抗日武装斗争。1934年,任北满抗联总司令。
3.赵尚志指挥部队,沉重地打击了敌人。日本侵略者不断发出哀鸣:“小小的满洲国,大大的赵尚志。”
1942年2月,年仅34岁的赵尚志在战斗中遭到混入部队的日满特务暗算,重伤被俘后血尽而死。随后日寇将其遗体肢解成两部分,身体沉入松花江,头颅送长春请功。
4.他战斗过的地方,被命名为“尚志市”。
一、审题构思
1.确定体裁:本文为记叙文中的人物介绍;
2.确定人称:本文的主要人称为第三人称;
3.确定时态:以一般过去时为主,兼顾其他时态。
二、谋篇布局
第一段:背景信息;
第二段:主要事迹;
第三段:结论。
三、组织语言
1.核心词汇
(1)the
Whampoa
Military
Academy
黄埔军校
(2)engaged
in从事
(3)promote提升
(4)aggressor侵略者
(5)command指挥
(6)arrest逮捕
(7)capture抓住;逮捕
(8)split
分开
(9)memorialise纪念
(10)fight
against抗击
2.高级句式
(1)赵尚志出生于辽宁,1925年加入中国共产党,后赴广州黄埔军校学习。(并列谓语)
Born
in
Liaoning
Province,Zhao
Shangzhi
joined
the
Communist
Party
of
China
in
1925
and
then
went
to
study
in
the
Whampoa
Military
Academy
in
Guangzhou.
(2)1932年“九一八”事变后,他从事抗日武装斗争,1934年升任东北抗日联军司令员。(介词+which)
After
the
September
18th
Incident,1932,he
engaged
in
the
armed
struggle
against
the
Japanese,during
which
he
was
promoted
to
commander
of
the
Northeast
Anti-Japanese
United
Army
in
1934.
(3)日本侵略者埋怨“小小的满洲国,大大的赵尚志”,悬赏重金逮捕他。(现在分词短语)
Complaining
“A
small
Manchukuo,a
big
Zhao
Shangzhi”,the
Japanese
aggressors
paid
a
huge
reward
to
arrest
him.
(4)1942年2月,年仅34岁的赵尚志在战斗中被日本间谍暗中打伤。(who定语从句)
In
February
1942,Zhao
Shangzhi,who
was
only
34
years
old,was
secretly
injured
by
the
Japanese
spies
during
the
battle.
(5)被俘后,日本侵略者把他的身体分成两部分。(being
done)
After
being
captured,the
Japanese
invaders
split
his
bodies
into
two
parts.
(6)他的头被送到长春,而他的身体被沉入松花江。(while对比)
His
body
was
sunk
into
the
Songhua
River
while
his
head
was
sent
to
Changchun.
(7)为了纪念他,他曾经抗日的诸河市改名为尚志市。(where定语从句)
To
memorialise
him,the
city
of
Zhuhe
where
he
used
to
fight
against
the
Japanese
was
renamed
to
Shangzhi.
四、连句成文
参考范文:
Born
in
Liaoning
Province,Zhao
Shangzhi
joined
the
Communist
Party
of
China
in
1925
and
then
went
to
study
in
the
Whampoa
Military
Academy
in
Guangzhou.
After
the
September
18th
Incident,1932,he
engaged
in
the
armed
struggle
against
the
Japanese,during
which
he
was
promoted
to
commander
of
the
Northeast
Anti-Japanese
United
Army
in
1934.Zhao
Shangzhi
commanded
the
army,together
with
other
anti-Japanese
forces
to
fight
continuously.Complaining
“A
small
Manchukuo,a
big
Zhao
Shangzhi”,the
Japanese
aggressors
paid
a
huge
reward
to
arrest
him.
In
February
1942,Zhao
Shangzhi,who
was
only
34
years
old,was
secretly
injured
by
the
Japanese
spies
during
the
battle.After
being
captured,the
Japanese
invaders
split
his
bodies
into
two
parts.His
body
was
sunk
into
the
Songhua
River
while
his
head
was
sent
to
Changchun.
To
memorialise
him,the
city
of
Zhuhe
where
he
used
to
fight
against
the
Japanese
was
renamed
to
Shangzhi.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The
students
return
in
October
for
the
start
of
the
new (academy)
year.?
答案:academic
2.Any
new
company
is
seen
as
an
(invade)
in
an
already
competitive
market.?
答案:invader
3.I
have
only
(mist)
memories
of
my
early
childhood.?
答案:misty
4.His
sculpture
is
seen
as
the
(crown)
achievement
of
his
career.?
答案:crowning
5.He
seemed
to
take
it
for
granted
that
he
should
speak
as
a
(represent).?
答案:representative
6.What
(relevant)
does
that
point
have
to
the
discussion??
答案:relevance
7.Though
very
angry,I
held
from
telling
him
exactly
what
I
thought.?
答案:back
8.The
old
man
lay
on
the
beach
at
ease,
(expose)
to
the
sun.?
答案:exposed
9.When (ask)
about
the
secret
of
his
success,the
director
said
that
he
owed
much
of
his
success
and
happiness
to
his
wife
and
children.?
答案:asked
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Due
to
the
aggression
of
the
Japanese
army
in
1937,Peking
University,Tsinghua
University
and
Nankai
University
1.
(join)
together
in
Kunming
as
National
Southwest
Associated
University,otherwise
2.
(know)as
Lianda.
Both
professors
and
students
walked
more
than
2,000
kilometres
as
Japanese
bombs
fell
on
the
way.Though
conditions
were
little
3.
(good)
once
they
reached
the
remote
and
mountainous
southwest
part
of
China,they
were
faced
with
lack
of
food,books
and
equipment
and
sometimes
air
attacks.
joined
known
better
In
spite
of
the
immense
hardships
and
the
daunting
challenges,
4.
nation’s
intellectual
heritage
was
not
only
guarded
but
fortified
5.
the
passion
and
belief
of
the
worthy
academics
of
Lianda.
With
a
sense
of
commitment,a
great
many
joined
the
army
6.
(fight)
against
the
Japanese
invaders.One
tenth
of
the
thousands
of
college
students
from
all
over
China
who
served
as
7.
(interpret)
were
from
Lianda.
Though
Lianda
is
now
8.
(physical)
gone,it
has
become
the
crowning
glory
of
China’s
modern
universities
because
of
its
prominent
professors
and
9.
(talent)
students
and
its
strong
spirit
of
perseverance
and
dedication.More
than
eighty
years
later,the
10.
(contribute)
of
Lianda
is
still
valuable.
the
by
to
fight
interpreters
physically
talented
contribution(共9张PPT)
单元重点小结
主题语境人与自然
重点词汇
1.commander
n.指挥官;长官
under
the
command
of
sb=under
one’s
command由……指挥,由……控制
at
sb’s
command听某人支配
be
in
command
of控制……
take
command
of控制……
have
a
command
of...了解/掌握……
command
sb
to
do
sth命令某人做某事
2.make
it
成功;赶上;做成或完成某事
forget
it算了;罢了;休想;不必在意
take
it
easy从容;松懈;不紧张
can’t
help
it没办法,只好这样了,无能为力
believe
it
or
not信不信由你
as
it
is事实上;像现在这样
3.get
across通过;使理解,表达清楚;被传达
get
along/on
with与……相处;进展
get
in
touch
with与……取得联系
get
over克服(困难);从……中恢复过来
get
rid
of摆脱;除掉
get
through完成;接通电话;通过
get
down
to记下;开始
get
away
with干……而不受惩罚
4.condemn
v.迫使(陷于不幸的境地)
condemn
sb/sth
for(doing)
sth因(做)某事谴责某人/某物
condemn
sb
to(do)
sth使某人注定(做)某事;迫使某人陷于不幸的境地;判处某人……
condemn
sb
to
death=sentence
sb
to
death判处某人死刑
condemn
as把……谴责为,宣告(某人)犯有……罪
5.put
down记下;放下;镇压
put
forward提出(意见、建议、观点等);推荐;提前;把(时钟)往前拨
put
off推迟;推脱;搪塞
put
away存放;存储;把……收起来
put
out熄灭;伸出;出版;打扰
put
up举起;张贴;建造;为……提供住宿
put
up
with容忍;忍受
6.friction
n.冲突;摩擦
cause/create
friction引起摩擦
friction
between...(and)在……之间的摩擦
friction
with
和……摩擦
the
friction
over关于……的争执
7.keep
to遵守;履行
keep
up
with跟上
keep
back隐瞒;保留;阻止
keep
in
mind记住
keep
away
from使不接近/靠近
keep
off避开;不接近
keep
on(doing
sth)继续(做某事)
8.rough
adj.简单的;粗糙的
be
rough
on
sb对某人苛刻
give
sb/have
a
rough
time(使某人)受苦、受到严厉的对待等
9.hold
down保住;阻止上涨;压制,控制
hold
back阻挡,抑制;踌躇,退缩;保守,隐瞒
hold
off使……疏远,使不接近;拖延
hold
on坚持
hold
onto紧紧抓住
hold
out坚持;伸出;维持
hold
up支持,支撑;延迟;举起
10.sum
n.金额;款项
sum
up总结,概括
in
sum简言之;总而言之
11.break
through
冲突;突破
break
up打碎;分裂;解体;解散;(关系)破裂;结束;分手
break
down出故障;分解;瓦解;崩溃
break
out突然发生;爆发(不用于被动语态)
break
in非法闯入;插嘴;打断
break
into破门而入;非法闯入;突然……起来
break
off打断;折断;中断(说话)
break
away
from脱离;摆脱;挣脱;打破陈规
重点句式
1.Code-named“Operation
Overlord”,it
was
the
largest
combined
sea,air
and
land
operation
in
history,the
aim
being
to
free
north-west
Europe
from
German
occupation.
2.Boats
were
hit
and
men
drowned,while
those
who
did
make
it
to
the
beach
faced
heavy
machine
gunfire.
3.The
purpose
of
doing
this
was
to
destroy
the
morale
of
ordinary
people
and
stop
them
from
supporting
the
war
effort.
4.It
is
no
wonder
that
many,if
not
most,of
China’s
leading
scholars
and
scientists
emerged
at
Lianda,including
the
two
Nobel
Prize-winning
physicists,Yang
Zhenning
and
Li
Zhengdao.
5.Driven
by
a
sense
of
commitment,a
great
many
joined
the
army
to
resist
the
Japanese
invaders
and
defend
the
honour
of
the
nation.
重点语法主谓一致(一)Unit
3
War
and
peace
Section
C Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
&
Reflection
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The
test
was
to
judge
ability
rather
than
a
success.?
答案academic
2.A
100-pound
b
went
off
today,injuring
three
people.?
答案bomb
3.A
heavy
fall
of
snow
had
d
the
city’s
transport
system.?
答案disrupted
4.The
new
moon
(出现)
from
behind
the
clouds.?
答案emerged
5.The
firm
has
two
(代表)
in
every
European
city.?
答案representatives
6.I
have
saved
a
(金额)
of
money
with
which
to
buy
a
new
computer
for
myself.?
答案sum
7.Farmers
produced
millions
of
tons
of
(谷物)
to
feed
the
nation.?
答案grain
8.I’m
sorry
but
your
personal
wishes
are
not
(切题的)
in
this
case.?
答案relevant
Ⅱ.短语填空
blow
away,at
war,break
through,light
up,serve
as,a
sum
of,track
down
1.On
September
5,at
the
end
of
the
festival,a
huge
display
of
fireworks
will the
sky
around
the
whole
area.?
答案light
up
2.Strong
winds
can
also
the
valuable
soil
that
lies
on
the
top
of
the
fields.?
答案blow
away
3.Our
nation
is
against
a
far-reaching
network
of
violence
and
hate.?
答案at
war
4.In
some
countries,smartphones
and
other
mobile
devices
replacements
for
the
traditional
desktop
computer.?
答案serve
as
5.They
presented
money
to
the
school
where
they
studied
years
ago.?
答案a
sum
of
6.The
sun at
around
lunchtime
after
several
cloudy
days.?
答案broke
through
7.I
don’t
know
where
that
old
story
came
from.I’ve
never
been
able
to it .?
答案track;down
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.对这些清洁工好点。他们工作一直很辛苦。
Be
nice
to
these
cleaners.They
at
work.?
答案have
been
having
a
rough
time
2.这就是你最近两年内完成的全部数量吗?
Is
that
what
you’ve
done
in
the
last
two
years??
答案the
sum
of
3.这些评论与互联网上提出的这些问题没有直接关系。
These
comments
these
questions
asked
on
the
Internet.?
答案are
not
directly
relevant
to
4.实验室已得到通知,不要宣布发现的成果。
The
laboratory
has
been
advised
to
any
announcement
of
its
findings.?
答案hold
back
5.他是学校里最好的学生,毫无疑问他会获得一等奖。
He
is
the
best
student
in
the
school.
he
can
get
the
first
prize.?
答案There
is
no
doubt
素养提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Howard
Weistling
wanted
to
be
a
comic
strip
artist.But
when
the
Japanese
bombed
Pearl
Harbor,he
joined
the
Army.
After
flight
engineer
training,Howard
was
shipped
off
to
Europe.On
his
maiden
flight,his
plane
was
shot
down
over
Austria.The
entire
crew
of
eight
men
landed
safely.But
a
farmer
found
Howard
hiding
in
his
barn
and
turned
him
over
to
a
prison
of
war
camp
in
Barth,Germany.It
was
freezing
and
the
men
almost
starved
to
death
eating
the
guards’
garbage.
Hungry
and
homesick
Howard
coped
the
only
way
he
knew
how.He
drew
a
comic
strip.The
book,made
of
cigarette
wrappers
bound
together
with
scrap
metal,was
sent
around
the
camp.Every
couple
of
days
he
would
add
a
new
panel.One
panel
at
a
time
would
be
passed
around
the
whole
camp.And
they’d
have
something
to
look
forward
to.
After
an
entire
year
of
this,they
woke
one
morning
to
find
their
guards
gone.They
fled
and
Howard
finally
got
to
go
home.Just
lucky
to
get
out
alive,he
left
the
book
behind.
Back
home
in
California,Howard
soon
had
a
wife
and
kids
to
feed
so
he
had
to
set
aside
his
dream
of
becoming
an
artist.He
took
a
job
as
a
gardener
instead.
Morgan
shared
his
father’s
artistic
gifts.At
15
his
parents
sent
him
to
art
school.And
Howard
got
to
see
his
son
become
a
well-known
painter
before
he
died
in
2002.That’s
how,seven
decades
after
the
war,when
a
stranger
in
New
York
googled
the
name
“Weistling”,he
found
Morgan
online.
“I
get
an
email
from
a
gentleman
and
he
says,‘I
think
I
may
have
some
drawings
your
father
did
when
he
was
a
POW
(prisoner
of
war)
in
World
WarⅡ,’”
Morgan
recalls.“‘Would
you
like
them?’And
I
just
stared
at
that
email
and
started
crying.”
Luckily
Howard
had
engraved
his
name
on
the
comic
book,which
is
how
the
man
from
New
York
City
had
connected
with
Morgan.A
couple
of
days
later
when
it
arrived
in
California,
Morgan
couldn’t
believe
it.“It
was
like
getting
my
father
back,”
Morgan
says.“It
was
like
him
being
able
to
tell
me
the
story
over
again—only
this
time
it
was
real
in
my
hands.”
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了霍华德·魏斯特林想成为一名连环画艺术家,但当日本轰炸珍珠港时,他参军了,霍华德在被空运去欧洲的途中,不幸被抓成为一名俘虏,在监狱中,他继续画画,传递给其他俘虏看,对艺术的热情帮助他减轻了痛苦,也使其他俘虏对活下去充满了希望,最终俘虏得以从监狱逃跑,霍华德·魏斯却把画落在了俘虏集中营。
1.The
passage
details
Howard’s
life
as
a
POW
to
show
that .?
A.war
cannot
stop
his
pursuit
of
success
B.passion
for
art
helped
ease
his
sufferings
C.loss
of
freedom
encouraged
his
creativity
D.misery
drove
him
to
fight
against
his
fate
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Hungry
and
homesick
Howard
coped
the
only
way
he
knew
how.He
drew
a
comic
strip”可知,这篇文章详细描述了霍华德作为战俘的生活是为了说明对艺术的热爱帮助他减轻了痛苦。故选B项。
2.What
can
we
infer
about
Howard’s
comic
strip
in
prison?
A.It
satisfied
prisoners’
curiosity.
B.It
aroused
the
guards’
sympathy.
C.It
was
popular
among
the
prisoners.
D.It
raised
prisoners’
confidence
in
freedom.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Every
couple
of
days
he
would
add
a
new
panel.One
panel
at
a
time
would
be
passed
around
the
whole
camp.And
they’d
have
something
to
look
forward
to”可知,每隔几天,他就会增加一幅新的画。一次一幅画将被传递到整个营地。他们总会有一些可期待的东西。所以判断出霍华德在俘虏集中营画的连环画在俘虏中很受欢迎。故选C项。
3.What
contributes
to
the
stranger’s
success
in
finding
Morgan?
A.The
email
from
a
gentleman.
B.Howard’s
experience
in
the
war.
C.Morgan’s
recalling
of
his
father.
D.Morgan’s
status
in
the
field
of
art.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据文章第六段中“And
Howard
got
to
see
his
son
become
a
well-known
painter
before
he
died
in
2002.That’s
how,
seven
decades
after
the
war,
when
a
stranger
in
New
York
googled
the
name
‘Weistling’,he
found
Morgan
online”可知,霍华德在2002年去世前看到他的儿子成为一名著名的画家。这就是为什么战后七十年,当一个来自纽约的陌生人谷歌“魏斯特林”时,他在网上找到了摩根。可知,是摩根在艺术领域的地位促使陌生人成功找到摩根。故选D项。
4.What
can
we
infer
about
Morgan
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.He
didn’t
believe
the
stranger’s
story.
B.He
was
excited
to
get
the
comic
strip.
C.He
couldn’t
wait
to
tell
others
his
good
news.
D.He
hadn’t
heard
about
his
father’s
war
stories.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“A
couple
of
days
later
when
it
arrived
in
California,
Morgan
couldn’t
believe
it.‘It
was
like
getting
my
father
back,’Morgan
says.”可知,几天后,当画到达加州时,摩根简直不敢相信。“这就像我父亲回来了一样,”摩根说。所以从最后一段我们能推断出,摩根很高兴能拿到连环画。故选B项。
Ⅴ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,打算今年暑假去法国旅游。请你给国际旅行社写一封电子邮件进行咨询,内容如下:
1.请其推荐合适的旅游路线;
2.请其告知相关的旅游费用。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear
Sir/Madam,
?
?
?
?
?
Yours,
Li
Hua
参考范文
Dear
Sir/Madam,?
I’m
planning
to
travel
to
France
in
the
coming
July.Therefore,I’m
writing
to
inquire
about
travel
routes
of
your
agency.
I
intend
to
stay
in
France
for
about
10
days,during
which
I
hope
to
have
a
look
at
some
unique
natural
scenery
and
have
a
taste
of
local
customs.So,could
you
please
recommend
some
suitable
travel
routes?In
addition,I’d
like
to
know
the
prices
of
the
routes,covering
all
the
travelling
expenses.
A
reply
at
your
earliest
convenience
is
highly
appreciated.
Yours,
Li
Hua?
Ⅵ.概要写作
Every
morning,when
my
alarm
goes
off,I
wake
from
my
slumber
and
hit
the
snooze
button.Then
I
crawl
back
under
the
quilt
to
grab
a
few
more
minutes
of
shut-eye.“Tonight
I’ll
go
to
bed
early,”
I
tell
myself.But,evening
comes
and
I
get
a
second
wind,completely
forgetting
about
my
early
night.Why
am
I
finding
it
so
difficult
to
get
a
good
night’s
sleep?And
is
it
a
problem?
The
amount
we
sleep
has
declined
over
the
years
and
insomnia(失眠)
is
on
the
rise.Modern
technology
is
often
blamed.The
light
from
our
smartphone
affects
levels
of
melatonin—the
sleep-inducing
hormone—keeping
us
wide
awake
into
the
early
hours.
Lack
of
sleep
can
badly
affect
our
health
and
memory.We
need
deep
sleep
to
move
our
memories
from
short-term
storage
into
long-term
storage.If
we
don’t
get
enough
sleep,we
could
lose
these
memories.This
is
especially
disastrous
for
people
studying
for
exams.
So,how
can
we
learn
to
sleep
better?For
Professor
Till
Roenneberg,it’s
important
for
people
to
recognise
they
have
an
internal
body
clock.This
determines
whether
you
are
a
night
owl,an
early
bird
or
somewhere
in
the
middle.We
don’t
have
any
choice.“It’s
like
feet,”
he
said.“Some
people
are
born
with
big
feet
and
some
with
small
feet,but
most
people
are
somewhere
in
the
middle.”
Our
work
schedules
are
out
of
sync
with
our
natural
sleep
patterns.He
says
this
leads
to
“social
jetlag”
where
people
feel
like
they
are
constantly
in
the
wrong
time
zone.
Paul
Kelley
—
a
sleep
expert
from
the
University
of
Oxford—says
that
most
people
are
getting
up
too
early.He
believes
work
and
school
should
start
a
few
hours
later.Many
companies
are
starting
to
realise
more
sleep
can
mean
a
more
productive
workforce
and
are
changing
work
schedules.While
in
some
countries,office
workers
are
heading
to
relaxation
parlors
at
lunchtime
to
take
power
naps
in
hammocks
or
massage
chairs.This
is
much
healthier
than
catching
forty
winks
while
sitting
on
the
toilet
or
dropping
off
at
their
desks.
So,if
like
me
you
find
yourself
hitting
your
snooze
button
every
morning
—
don’t
feel
bad.It’s
just
our
body
clocks!
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文
What
problems
may
be
caused
by
lack
of
sleep?How
can
we
have
a
good
sleep?(要点1)
People
sleep
less
because
of
using
too
much
electronic
devices,which
makes
our
short-term
memory
get
worse.(要点2)We
have
an
internal
body
clock
and
if
it
doesn’t
match
our
work
schedule,we
feel
constantly
tired,as
if
we
were
in
the
wrong
time
zone.(要点3)
Experts
say
we
needn’t
get
up
early,and
many
companies
believe
more
sleep
means
a
more
effective
workforce.(要点4)(共42张PPT)
Unit
3
War
and
peace
素养导航
In
the
summer
of
1937,Japanese
troops
occupied
the
campuses
of
Beijing’s
two
leading
universities,Peking
University
and
Tsinghua
University,and
reduced
Nankai,in
Tianjin,to
rubble.These
were
China’s
leading
institutions①
of
higher
learning,run
by
men
educated
in
the
West
and
committed
to
modern
liberal
education.The
three
universities
first
moved
to
Changsha,900
miles
southwest
of
Beijing,where
they
joined
forces.But
with
the
fall
of
Nanjing
in
mid-December,many
students
left
to
fight
the
Japanese,who
soon
began
bombing
Changsha.
In
February
1938,the
800
remaining
students
and
faculty
made
the
thousand-mile
trek②
to
Kunming,in
China’s
remote
and
mountainous
southwest,where
they
formed
the
National
Southwest
Associated
University
(Lianda).In
makeshift
quarters,subject
to
sporadic
bombing
by
the
Japanese
and
shortages
of
food,books,and
clothing,students
and
professors
did
their
best
to
conduct
a
modern
university.In
the
next
eight
years,many
of
China’s
most
prominent
intellectuals
taught
or
studied
at
Lianda.This
book
is
the
story
of
their
lives
and
work
under
extraordinary③
conditions.
Lianda’s
wartime
story
crystallised④
the
experience
of
a
generation
of
Chinese
intellectuals,beginning
with
heroic
journeys,followed
by
years
of
hardship
and
endurance⑤.
In
addition
to
struggling
for
physical
survival,Lianda’s
staff
and
students
spent
the
war
years
striving
to
defend
a
model
of
higher
education
in
which
modern
universities
sought
to
preserve
liberal
education
and
academic
freedom.?
词海拾贝
①institution
n.机构,创立,制度
②trek
n.长途跋涉,艰难的旅程
③extraordinary
adj.非常的;非凡的;特别的
④crystallise
v.明确
⑤endurance
n.忍耐,耐性,忍耐力
典句欣赏
In
addition
to
struggling
for
physical
survival,Lianda’s
staff
and
students
spent
the
war
years
striving
to
defend
a
model
of
higher
education
in
which
modern
universities
sought
to
preserve
liberal
education
and
academic
freedom.
译文:除了为物质生存而奋斗之外,联大的教职员工和学生在战争年代还努力捍卫一种高等教育模式,在这种模式中,寻求维护自由教育和学术自由。
分析:这是一个复合句。In
addition
to
struggling
for
physical
survival
是介词短语。in
which
引导定语从句,修饰前面的a
model。
探究思辨
1.What’s
the
spirit
of
Lianda?
2.What
is
reflected
in
the
story
of
Lianda?
答案:1.To
struggle
however
difficult
the
situation
is.
2.The
belief
of
a
generation
of
Chinese
intellectuals
in
China.
Section
A Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.
adj.狂暴的;凶暴的?
2.
n.(军队的)登陆?
3.
n.部队;军队?
4.
n.潮水?
5.
adj.最高的?
6.
n.指挥官;长官?
7.
n.目的;目标?
8.
n.海岸线?
9.
n.暴力?
10.
n.令人惊恐的事?
violent
landing
troop
tide
supreme
commander
objective
coastline
violence
horror
11.drown
v. ?
12.tank
n. ?
13.recall
v.
?
14.barely
adv.
?
15.liberate
v.
?
16.memorial
adj.
?
17.solemn
adj.
?
18.weary
v.
?
19.condemn
v.
?
20.outstanding
adj.
?
(使)淹死
坦克
回想;回忆起
勉强才能
解放(城市、国家等)
纪念的;追悼的
严肃的,庄重的
(使)非常疲倦
迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地
杰出的,优秀的
重点短语
1.
组成?
2. 没有……的,不受……影响的?
3.
对……有信心?
4.
与……一模一样;简直,全然?
5.
为……准备?
6.in
the
depths
of
?
7.make
it
?
8.get
across
?
9.meet
up
with
?
10.lose
one’s
life
?
be
made
up
of
free...from
have
confidence
in
nothing
less
than
prepare
for
在……的深处
成功;赶上;做成或完成某事
通过;使理解,表达清楚;被传达
偶遇,会见
失去生命
重点句式
1.Code-named“Operation
Overlord”,it
was
the
largest
combined
sea,air
and
land
operation
in
history,the
aim
being
to
free
north-west
Europe
from
German
occupation.
2.Boats
were
hit
and
men
drowned,while
those
who
did
make
it
to
the
beach
faced
heavy
machine
gunfire.
Ⅱ.阅读导学
根据课文内容,选择正确答案。
1.What
does
“Operation
Overlord”
refer
to?
A.A
combination
of
weather,moon
and
tides.
B.A
historical
unexpected
attack
against
Germans.
C.An
unusual
operation
on
Allied
troops.
D.A
surprising
gathering
at
the
beach
of
England.
2.What
can
we
learn
from
Eisenhower’s
words?
A.His
warning
for
the
soldiers.
B.His
belief
in
success.
C.His
concern
about
the
safety.
D.His
devotion
to
duty
in
battle.
答案:B
答案:B
3.What
is
described
in
the
third
paragraph?
A.The
courage
of
soldiers.
B.The
importance
of
weapons.
C.The
failure
of
landings.
D.The
initial
stage
of
the
operation.
4.What
did
people
do
on
D-Day
seventy
years
later?
A.They
wrote
poems
for
those
who
lost
their
lives.
B.They
looked
for
the
survivors
of
the
D-Day
landings.
C.They
swam
across
the
English
Channel
again.
D.They
came
to
Normandy
to
memorize
the
dead.
答案:D
答案:D
重点词汇
1.An
order
issued
by
Supreme
Allied
Commander
General
Eisenhower
to
the
troops
read...盟军最高指挥官艾森豪威尔将军向部队发布的命令写道……(p.26)
【词汇精讲】commander是名词,表示“指挥官;长官”,其动词形式为command,表示“命令”。
Before
his
retirement
from
the
navy,he
was
a
commander.
他从海军退役之前,是一名指挥官。
【词汇拓展】
(1)under
the
command
of
sb=under
one’s
command由……指挥,由……控制
at
sb’s
command听某人支配
be
in
command
of控制……
take
command
of控制……
have
a
command
of...了解/掌握……
(2)command
sb
to
do
sth命令某人做某事
command后跟that从句时,从句的谓语动词使用“(should+)动词原形”形式。
He
commanded
that
we
(should)
start
at
once.
他命令我们立刻动身。
You
will
run
forward
at
my
command.
你要听我的命令向前跑。
The
soldiers
were
under
the
command
of
a
tough
major.士兵们由一个强硬的少校指挥。
2.Boats
were
hit
and
men
drowned,while
those
who
did
make
it
to
the
beach
faced
heavy
machine
gunfire.船只被撞,人溺水身亡,而那些真正到达海滩的人则面临着猛烈的机器炮火。(p.27)
【词汇精讲】make
it是动词短语,表示“成功;赶上;做成或完成某事”
。
You
needn’t
worry;he
will
make
it.
你不必担心,他会办成的。
【词汇拓展】
forget
it算了;罢了;休想;不必在意
take
it
easy从容;松懈;不紧张
can’t
help
it没办法,只好这样了,无能为力
believe
it
or
not信不信由你
as
it
is事实上;像现在这样
it’s
up
to
sb
由……决定,由……负责,取决于……
He’s
upstairs
doing
his
homework,believe
it
or
not.
他在楼上做作业,信不信由你。
I’m
not
buying
the
children
anything
else
today—I’ve
spent
far
too
much
money
as
it
is.
我今天不给孩子们买别的东西了——事实上我已经花了太多钱了。
3.The
seventh
man
was
the
next
one
to
get
across
the
beach
without
being
hit.第七个人是下一个没被击中就穿过海滩的人。(p.27)
【词汇精讲】get
across是动词短语,表示“通过;使理解,表达清楚;被传达”。
Officers
felt
their
point
of
view
was
not
getting
across
to
the
people.
官员们感觉自己的观点并未传达到人们那里。
【词汇拓展】
get
along/on
with与……相处;进展
get
in
touch
with与……取得联系
get
over克服(困难);从……中恢复过来
get
rid
of摆脱;除掉
get
through完成;接通电话;通过
get
down
to记下;开始
get
away
with干……而不受惩罚
I
couldn’t
have
him
getting
away
with
telling
lies.
我不能容忍他说谎而免受惩罚。
I
wonder
how
to
get
in
touch
with
Mr
Wang.
我想知道怎样才能与王先生取得联系。
In
order
to
get
rid
of
the
bad
habit
of
smoking,he
has
made
use
of
many
ways.
为了戒掉抽烟的坏习惯,他已经尝试了许多办法。
How
are
you
getting
along
with
your
work
now?
你的工作现在进展如何?
4.Age
shall
not
weary
them,nor
the
years
condemn.年龄的增长和岁月的流逝并非宣告他们将会老去。(p.27)
【词汇精讲】condemn是动词,表示“迫使(陷于不幸的境地)”。condemn作“谴责”“责备”解时接名词或代词作宾语,宾语后常接介词for表示原因,不能接that引导的从句;作“判罪”解时,宾语后可跟动词不定式,也常跟介词to表示宣判的结果。
The
newspaper
was
quick
to
condemn
him
for
his
mistake.那家报纸及时地谴责他的错误。
【词汇拓展】
condemn
sb/sth
for(doing)
sth因(做)某事谴责某人/某物
condemn
sb
to(do)
sth使某人注定(做)某事;迫使某人陷于不幸的境地;判处某人……
condemn
sb
to
death=sentence
sb
to
death判处某人死刑
condemn
as把……谴责为,宣告(某人)犯有……罪
She
knew
that
society
would
condemn
her
for
leaving
her
children.她知道社会会谴责她抛弃孩子。
The
judge
condemned
the
killer
to
death.
法官宣判那名杀手死刑。
He
was
condemned
to
spend
the
rest
of
the
football
season
on
the
bench.
他只能在这个足球赛季剩下的时间里做替补队员。
【温馨提示】condemn
sb
to...既可以表示“使某人处于困境(或不愉快的状况)”,又可以表示“判处某人……”,其中to可作介词也可作不定式符号。
重点句式
1.Code-named“Operation
Overlord”,it
was
the
largest
combined
sea,air
and
land
operation
in
history,the
aim
being
to
free
north-west
Europe
from
German
occupation.代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上最大的海陆空联合行动,目的是使西北欧摆脱德国的占领。(p.26)
【句式剖析】本句中的the
aim
being
to
free
north-west
Europe
from
German
occupation是独立主格结构,作伴随状语。
These
women
having
produced
works
of
high
quality,any
survey
of
the
19th
century
English
literature
must
include
them.这些女性创作了高质量的作品,任何对19世纪英国文学的调查都必须包括她们。
【句式拓展】
独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中,其作用相当于一个状语从句,常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。
(1)n./代词+分词(-ing,-ed)形式
(2)n.+不定式
(3)n.+介词短语
(4)n.+形容词
(5)n.+副词
The
meeting
being
over,all
of
us
went
home.
开完会后我们都回家了。
Her
work
done,she
sat
down
for
a
cup
of
tea.
她干完了活,坐下来喝杯茶。
An
important
lecture
to
be
given
tomorrow,the
professor
has
to
stay
up
late
into
the
night.
因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲,教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
So
many
people
absent,the
meeting
had
to
be
called
off.这么多人缺席,会议不得不取消。
2.Boats
were
hit
and
men
drowned,while
those
who
did
make
it
to
the
beach
faced
heavy
machine
gunfire.船只被撞,人溺水身亡,而那些真正到达海滩的人则面临着猛烈的机器炮火。
(p.27)
【句式剖析】
本句中while是并列连词,连接并列句,表示转折和对比。
There’s
plenty
of
rain
in
the
southeast,while
there’s
little
in
the
northeast.
东南部雨量充足,而东北部则很少下雨。
【句式拓展】
while引导状语从句的用法
(1)引导时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”
(2)引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管”
We
must
strike
while
the
iron
is
hot.
我们要趁热打铁。
While
the
work
was
difficult,it
was
interesting.
虽然工作有难度,但很有趣。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
In
1944,a
top-secret
code-named“Operation
Overlord”
was
secretly
carried
out
along
the
south
coast
of
England,1.
(aim)
to
free
north-west
Europe
from
German
occupation.It
was
scheduled
to
start
on
6
June,when
weather,moon
and
tides
were
2.
(perfect)
combined.
An
order
was
issued
by
Supreme
Allied
Commander,General
Eisenhower,in
which
he
encouraged
the
soldiers
3.
(accept)
nothing
less
than
full
Victory,even
though
the
enemy
was
well
trained,well
equipped
and
battle-hardened.
aiming
perfectly
to
accept
Allied
soldiers
landed
4.
enemy
lines
in
northern
France
on
6
June,with
the
clear
objective
to
reach
the
Normandy
beaches
along
about
80
kilometres
of
French
coastline.Omaha
Beach
was
where
the
5.
(fierce)
fighting
happened,during
which
the
Allied
soldiers
were
sunk
in
boats
or
killed
at
the
beach.6.
(see)
widely
as
the
beginning
of
the
end
of
the
Second
World
War,the
D-Day
landings
were
7.
success
though
a
high
price
was
paid.
Seventy
years
later,men
who
8.
(fight)
on
D-Day
gathered
on
both
sides
of
the
English
Channel,9.
people
were
coming
together
for
memorial
ceremonies.Although
each
year
they
are
fewer
in
number,their
outstanding
acts
of
courage
mean
that
we
will
always
remember
them—as
well
as
those
who
lost
their
10.
(life)on
the
beaches
of
northern
France.
behind
fiercest
Seen
a
had
fought
where
lives
Ⅱ.概要写作
根据课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文:
In
1944,the
Allied
nations
carried
out
a
secret
“Operation
Overlord”,whose
aim
was
to
free
north-west
Europe
from
German
occupation.(要点1)
Supreme
Allied
Commander,General
Eisenhower
issued
the
order
in
which
he
encouraged
the
soldiers
to
fight
to
succeed.(要点2)It
started
on
6
June
when
Allied
soldiers
landed
behind
enemy
lines
in
northern
France
but
a
lot
of
them
died
in
the
attack.(要点3)
Seventy
years
later,the
survivors
gathered
on
both
sides
of
the
English
Channel
for
memorial
ceremonies,though
their
number
is
reducing
every
year.(要点4)?Unit
3
War
and
peace
Section
B Using
language
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I
felt
angry
with
her
greatly,but
her
smile
(arm)
me.?
答案disarmed
2.The
fight
generally
comes
to
a
quick
conclusion
when
one
of
the
(combat)
gives
in.?
答案combatants
3.Being
back
with
their
family
should
provide
emotional
(stable)
for
the
children.?
答案stability
4.You
show
promise
as
a
musician
but
your
lack
of
practice
is
keeping
you
.?
答案back
5.The
goal
of
the
experiment
was
(familiarize)
the
people
with
the
new
laws.?
答案to
familiarize
6.Far
from
moving
back,he
threw
all
his
time
and
energy
his
work.?
答案into
7.Shops
are
being
forced
to
put
their
prices
in
order
to
attract
customers.?
答案down
Ⅱ.短语填空
throw
into,refer
to
...as,feel
sad
for,on
standby,carry
out,play
a
role
in
1.The
first
waterfall
the
tourists
passed
by
them
joy
wildly.?
答案threw;into
2.The
patient
would
like
to
this
doctor
a
living
Hua
Tuo
in
modern
time.?
答案refer
to;as
3.I
think
I
him,because
he
looks
like
he’s
the
person
who
is
always
being
blamed
for
whatever
he
did.?
答案feel
sad
for
4.I
hear
that
the
girl
some
new
films.She’s
really
making
her
way
into
a
famous
star.?
答案is
playing
a
role
in
5.We
have
another
actor
if
this
guy
doesn’t
work
out.?
答案on
standby
6.The
citizens
hoped
that
the
government
would
the
reforms
it
had
promised.?
答案carry
out
Ⅲ.语法专练
单句语法填空(主谓一致)
1.I,who
(be)
your
close
friend,will
try
my
best
to
help
you
out
of
trouble.?
答案am
2.My
father,together
with
his
workmates,
(have)
been
to
Beijing.?
答案has
3.Listening
to
music
(make)
me
relaxed
after
a
busy
day.?
答案makes
4.The
number
of
students
in
that
school (have)
greatly
increased
in
recent
years.?
答案has
5.Not
only
the
teacher
but
also
his
students
(like)
playing
football.?
答案like
6.The
population
of
China
(be)
larger
than
that
of
any
other
country
in
the
world.?
答案is
7.Mr
Smith,as
well
as
his
children,
(have)
arrived
by
now.?
答案has
8.The
injured
in
the
accident
(be)
all
taken
to
the
nearby
hospital.?
答案were
素养提升
Ⅳ.七选五
Do
you
know
some
surprising
innovations
(创新)
came
from
World
WarⅠ?Here
are
some
introductions
to
you.
1.Daylight
Saving
Time
The
idea
of
fiddling
with
(拨弄)
the
clock
has
been
around
since
ancient
times,but
it
was
not
until
World
WarⅠ
that
governments
around
the
globe
officially
adopted
daylight
saving
time.Why?To
save
resources
such
as
fuel
and
extend
the
workday
for
the
war
effort. 1 ,and
the
Allies
followed
shortly
after.To
clear
up
confusion
about
the
concept,the
Washington
Times
used
a
comic
strip
to
explain
the
first
“spring
forward”
in
the
United
States
in
1918.?
2.Blood
Banks
2 ,but
doctors
rarely
performed
them
before
World
WarⅠ,when
they
were
accomplished
by
transfusing
blood
directly
from
one
person
to
another.Captain
Oswald
Robertson,a
U.S.Army
Reserve
doctor
consulting
with
the
British
army,recognised
the
need
to
stock
blood
before
casualties
(伤亡)
occurred.?
3.Hollywood
With
so
much
of
Europe
in
the
line
of
fire,the
European
film
industry
had
to
scale
back
(相应缩减)
dramatically. 3 .Hollywood
was
still
in
its
early
stage,but
its
studios
soon
made
fortunes
producing
wartime
movies.The
war
itself
provided
material
for
countless
movies
in
the
1920s
and
1930s,including
Wings,the
winner
of
the
first
Academy
Award
for
Best
Picture.?
4.Plastic
Surgery
4 .British
army
surgeon
Harold
Gillies
and
his
colleagues
performed
more
than
11,000
operations,mostly
on
soldiers
suffering
from
facial
wounds
from
gunshots. 5 .?
There
were
other
innovations
made
during
World
WarⅠ,such
as
wristwatches,modern
passports,zippers,drones,etc.
A.The
Germans
did
it
first,in
1916
B.That
opened
the
door
for
the
Americans
C.Blood
transfusions
(输血)
date
back
to
the
1600s
D.Gillies’
operation
became
successful
immediately
E.World
WarⅠ
left
thousands
of
men
scarred
and
maimed
(伤残的)
F.Gillies
became
known
as
the
father
of
modern
plastic
surgery
G.After
World
WarⅠ
the
blood
banks
appeared
in
the
United
States
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。主要说明了第一次世界大战带来了一些令人惊讶的创新:德国最早使用的夏时制;血库在美国的出现;美国好莱坞大电影;整形手术及英国吉利斯被称为现代整形外科之父。
1.A 根据上文中“but
it
was
not
until
World
WarⅠ
that
governments
around
the
globe
officially
adopted
daylight
saving
time”可知在一战时全球各国政府才正式采用夏时制。一战时间为1914—1918年。故选A项。
2.C 分析文章可知,每一段的中心句后的第一句都是对这个创新的追溯,第2小题的中心词为“Blood
Banks(血库)”以及输血。故选C项。
3.B 本段主要叙述在欧洲电影业不得不缩减规模的情况下,战争为处于早期阶段的美国好莱坞电影提供了素材。可以推断出战争给美国的电影打开了大门。分析选项可知只有B项和G项与美国有关。而G项与血库有关,与本段无关。把B项放入句中可知B项符合题意,故选B项。
4.E 本小题所在段的中心句为“Plastic
Surgery(整形手术)”。本文主要讲述了英国军医哈罗德·吉利斯和他的同事们进行了超过11
000次的手术,大部分是针对因枪击而面部受伤的士兵。分析选项与此意义一致的只能是战争中伤残的人才会做整形手术。故选E项。
5.F 本小题所在段的中心句为“Plastic
Surgery(整形手术)”。本文主要讲述了英国军医哈罗德?吉利斯和他的同事们进行了超过11
000次的手术,大部分是针对因枪击而面部受伤的士兵。F项“哈罗德·吉利斯作为‘整容手术之父’而闻名于世”与上文形成因果关系,符合语境。故选F项。
Ⅴ.完形填空
Rishi
Sharma
is
living
his
life
differently.When
he
was
a
kid,Sharma
was
attracted
by
the
men
who
1
World
WarⅡ.?
One
day,Sharma
learned
that
Lyle
Bouck,a
WWⅡ
hero,was
living
quite
near
his
home. 2 ,Sharma
looked
up
the
number
and
dialed.Soon
after,he
3
visiting
military
veterans
(退伍军人)
in
nursing
homes.?
Since
graduation
from
high
school,Sharma
has
made
it
his 4
to
interview
as
many
WWⅡ
veterans
as
he
can.Because
many
of
them
are
in
their
80s
and
90s,Sharma
5
that
he
has
just
around
10
years
before
they
are
gone.Therefore,he’s
6
everything
else
in
his
life
—
college,dating
and
hunting
a
job
—
to
7
himself
to
this
cause.?
For
each
veteran
8 ,Sharma
creates
a
DVD
of
their
stories.These
men
are
known
for
their
9
to
discuss
what
happened
during
the
war. 10 ,with
frequent
contact
with
the
veterans,they’re
finally
11
to
share
their
stories.?
Sharma
tried
to
meet
at
least
one
WWⅡ
veteran
every
day
until
the
last
of
them
12 .Later,Sharma
founded
Heroes
of
the
Second
World
War,aiming
to
13
the
stories
of
WWⅡ
veterans.He
also
launched
a
GoFundMe
page
which
has
14
in
more
than
$186,000
up
to
now.Sharma
uses
that
money
to
pay
for
his
travel
and
15
equipment.He
hopes
to
collect
as
many
stories
as
he
can
—
for
their
sakes,and
for
ours.?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了夏尔马采访亲历二战的老兵并把采访制作成视频的故事。
1.A.looked
into
B.ran
into
C.commented
on
D.fought
in
答案D
解析根据下文中的“a
WWⅡ
hero”及“military
veterans”可知,这些人参加了二战,故D项正确。
2.A.Eventually
B.Immediately
C.Suddenly
D.Naturally
答案B
解析空前说一天,夏尔马偶然得知一个消息——二战英雄莱尔·布克住在离他家很近的地方,于是他立即查电话号码,想要联系他,故B项正确。
3.A.imagined
B.considered
C.denied
D.began
答案D
解析根据空后的“visiting
military
veterans
in
nursing
homes”可知,不久之后,他开始去养老院看望退伍老兵,故D项正确。
4.A.lesson
B.duty
C.profession
D.challenge
答案B
解析根据空后的“to
interview
as
many
WWⅡ
veterans
as
he
can”可知,夏尔马把采访二战老兵当作自己的职责,故B项正确。
5.A.argues
B.declares
C.hopes
D.figures
答案D
解析空前说他们中的许多人都已经八九十岁了,所以夏尔马估计他们的生命只有十年左右的时间了,故D项正确。
6.A.putting
off
B.searching
for
C.giving
away
D.preparing
for
答案A
解析根据空后的“everything
else
in
his
life
—
college,dating
and
hunting
a
job”可知,夏尔马推迟了生活中的其他事情,比如上大学、约会和找工作,故A项正确。
7.A.introduce
B.refer
C.recommend
D.devote
答案D
解析上文说夏尔马推迟了生活中的其他事情,他这样做就是为了投身于采访二战老兵这项事业之中,故D项正确。
8.A.helped
B.admired
C.interviewed
D.appointed
答案C
解析根据上文中的“Since
graduation
from
high
school,Sharma
has
made
it
his to
interview
as
many
WWⅡ
veterans
as
he
can.”可知,从高中毕业开始,夏尔马就把尽可能多地采访二战老兵作为自己的职责,因此他为每一位接受采访的老兵制作了一张DVD来记录他们的故事,故C项正确。?
9.A.intention
B.curiosity
C.refusal
D.anxiety
答案C
解析根据下文的“they’re
finally
to
share
their
stories”可知,这些老兵拒绝谈论自己过去的经历,故C项正确。?
10.A.However
B.Therefore
C.Otherwise
D.Besides
答案A
解析空前说这些老兵拒绝谈论自己过去的经历,再根据空后的“with
frequent
contact
with
the
veterans,they’re
finally
to
share
their
stories.”可知此处表示转折关系,故A项正确。?
11.A.satisfied
B.willing
C.afraid
D.confident
答案B
解析根据空前的“with
frequent
contact
with
the
veterans”可知,随着与这些老兵的接触越来越多,他们最终愿意分享他们的故事,故B项正确。
12.A.showed
up
B.set
off
C.got
away
D.passed
away
答案D
解析根据上文中的“Because
many
of
them
are
in
their
80s
and
90s,Sharma
that
he
has
just
around
10
years
before
they
are
gone.”可知,这些老兵中的许多人都已经八九十岁了,夏尔马估计他们的生命只有十年左右的时间了,所以他每天至少要见一位二战老兵,直到最后一位老兵去世,故D项正确。?
13.A.sell
B.design
C.preserve
D.assess
答案C
解析上文说夏尔马把采访二战老兵当作自己的职责,并为每一位接受采访的老兵制作了一张DVD来记录他们的故事,因此这个非营利组织致力于保存二战老兵的故事,故C项正确。
14.A.turned
B.brought
C.broken
D.taken
答案B
解析根据空后的“more
than
$186,000”可知,这个主页带来了许多捐款,故B项正确。
15.A.video
B.office
C.research
D.computer
答案A
解析根据上文中的“Sharma
creates
a
DVD
of
their
stories”可知,夏尔马为二战老兵制作DVD,这需要用录像设备,故A项正确。
Ⅵ.语法填空
It
was
the
spring
of
1943
during
World
WarⅡ.Standing
among
hundreds
of
new
1.(soldier)at
Camp
Grant,Sam,just
18
years
old,waited
as
a
truck
slowly
drove
by.2.
full
field
pack
was
randomly
thrown
to
each
soldier.
Sam
received
3.
(he).After
he
opened
the
pack
and
looked
at
the
things
in
it,he
was
greatly
4.
(astonish).He
found
his
last
name,Litrenti,was
marked
on
each
thing
in
his
pack.“How
strange!”
Sam
thought.He
didn’t
think
the
one
5.
threw
the
field
pack
to
him
knew
who
he
was.
So
why
was
Sam’s
last
name
marked
on
the
things?You
may
not
believe
it,but
it
was
the
field
pack
that
his
father
6.
(use)during
World
WarⅠ.
Sam
7.
(certain)
didn’t
know
that
when
he
received
it.It
wasn’t
until
after
the
war
8.
he
found
out
why.
After
the
war,he
talked
9.
that
with
his
father.After
10.
(talk)for
a
while,Sam’s
father
became
sure
that
the
pack
once
belonged
to
him.
Both
the
father
and
the
son
couldn’t
believe
that!What
a
coincidence!
答案与解析
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了第二次世界大战期间,18岁的山姆意外拿到自己父亲在一战时曾经用过的野战包的故事。
1.soldiers 考查名词的数。soldier为可数名词,由hundreds
of修饰,因此要用soldier的复数形式。故填soldiers。
2.A 考查冠词。此处pack为可数名词,此处用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填A。
3.his 考查代词。名词性物主代词his相当于his
pack。故填his。
4.astonished 考查词性转换。根据前面的was可知,此处要用形容词作表语,astonished表示“感到吃惊的”,修饰人。故填astonished。
5.who/that 考查定语从句连接词。分析句子可知,本句为定语从句修饰先行词the
one,且先行词在从句中作主语,指代人,故用关系代词who/that。
6.used 考查动词时态。
根据前后语境可知,此处表示过去的事情,故用一般过去时。
7.certainly 考查副词。修饰动词know需用副词形式。故填certainly。
8.that 考查强调句。句意:直到战后他才发现原因。此处为强调句型“It
is/was
not
until
+
被强调部分
+
that
+
其他部分”。故填that。
9.about 考查介词。固定短语talk
about
sth表示“谈论某事”。故填about。
10.talking 考查非谓语动词。after是介词,后面需接动词-ing形式。故填talking。Unit
3
War
and
peace
Section
A Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.After
a
year
without
defeat,the
team
now
becomes
s
as
the
finest
in
the
country.?
答案supreme
2.People
watched
in
h
as
the
small
plane
crashed
to
the
ground.?
答案horror
3.He
(回忆)
that
she
always
came
home
late
on
Wednesdays.?
答案recalled
4.She
was
(仅仅)
fifteen
when
she
won
her
first
championship.?
答案barely
5.Writing
poetry (解放)
her
from
the
routine
of
everyday
life.?
答案liberated
6.A
(纪念的)
garden
was
to
be
created
for
the
heroes
in
a
London
park.?
答案memorial
7.The
company
is
an (杰出的)
example
of
a
small
business
that
grew
into
a
big
one.?
答案outstanding
Ⅱ.短语填空
nothing
less
than,be
made
up
of,free...from,have
confidence
in,lose
one’s
life,prepare
for,make
it,get
across
1.We
all
know
the
theory
that
matter
atoms
and
molecules.?
答案is
made
up
of
2.The
girl
asked
her
father
to
the
bird
the
cage.?
答案free;from
3.I
her.She’ll
be
perfect
for
the
job.?
答案have
confidence
in
4.The
rock
art
represents
the
earliest
record
of
the
human
imagination.?
答案nothing
less
than
5.Make
sure
you
have
plentiful
time
to
the
new
day
ahead.?
答案prepare
for
6.Let’s
at
seven
o’clock
on
Tuesday
morning
at
my
office.?
答案make
it
7.I
had
created
a
way
to my
message
while
using
as
few
words
as
possible.?
答案get;across
8.Three
brave
officers
in
the
line
of
duty
last
night.?
答案lost
their
lives
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.我没有指出他的错误,以便他可以在学生面前不丢脸。
I
didn’t
point
out
his
mistake
so
that
in
front
of
his
students.?
答案he
might
not
lose
face
2.老年人常出于无奈而独自生活。
As
an
old
person,
.?
答案one
is
often
condemned
to
live
alone
3.我们约定在8点半吧,这对你合适吗?
.Is
that
all
right
for
you??
答案Let’s
make
it
at
8:30
4.老师对学生的要求就是尽善尽美。
The
teacher
demands
perfection
from
her
pupils.?
答案nothing
less
than
5.我去游泳,其他人则去打网球了。
I
went
swimming
.?
答案while
the
others
played
tennis
6.由于眼镜摔坏了,她看不见黑板上的字。
,she
couldn’t
see
the
words
on
the
blackboard.?
答案Her
glasses
broken
素养提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
In
April,1967
my
brother,Harvey
Cooley,met
a
soldier,David
Lawson
during
basic
training.In
their
free
time,they
hung
out
together.As
the
weeks
went
by,they
grew
very
close,almost
like
brothers.However,after
basic
training,soldiers
moved
on
to
advanced
training.They
thought
they
would
never
see
each
other
again.
One
day
in
September,1967,these
men
were
both
in
California
waiting
for
transport
to
the
front.Harvey
and
David
had
an
unexpected
surprise
when
they
ran
into
each
other.They
talked
very
briefly
since
they
had
got
to
report
in
five
minutes.They
agreed
to
meet
after
they
were
discharged(退伍)from
the
service.Harvey
wrote
a
brief
note
which
he
gave
to
David
showing
the
date
and
location
they
were
to
meet.
Harvey
never
made
it
back
home.He
died
while
saving
two
soldiers
during
enemy
fire.David
did
not
learn
of
Harvey’s
death
until
the
mid
1980s.He
wrote
a
letter
to
Harvey
after
he
returned
home
and
asked
if
they
could
postpone
their
meeting
to
a
later
date.His
letter
was
unanswered.David
felt
then
that
Harvey
must
not
have
made
it
back.He
knew
Harvey
would
surely
have
answered
his
letter
if
he
had
been
able
to.
While
David
was
searching
the
Internet
for
Information
about
Harvey,he
found
a
poem
dedicated(献给)
to
Harvey
by
me.He
sent
me
an
email
and
told
me
about
his
friendship
with
Harvey
and
we
swapped
phone
numbers.
David
called
me
and
we
talked
about
his
friendship
with
Harvey.While
on
the
phone
with
David,I
learned
about
the
note
Harvey
had
written
for
him.David
still
had
the
note
and
sent
me
a
copy
of
it.
It
is
amazing,to
say
the
least,that
David
was
able
to
track
me
down.Even
more
amazing
is
the
fact
that
he
still
had
Harvey’s
note
after
all
these
years.David
told
me
it
was
a
joy
to
finally
hear
about
Harvey
through
me
after
over
forty
years.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。哈维和戴维在部队中成为好朋友,在奔赴战场之前,他们决定退伍后重聚。哈维给戴维写了一张关于以后见面的时间和地点的便条,后来哈维在战争中牺牲,戴维把那张便条保存了四十多年。
1.What
did
Harvey
and
David
decide
to
do
after
they
met
unexpectedly?
A.Meet
after
they
returned.
B.Leave
the
army.
C.Write
a
report.
D.Go
to
advanced
training.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They
agreed
to
meet
after
they
were
discharged
from
the
service.Harvey
wrote
a
brief
note
which
he
gave
to
David
showing
the
date
and
location
they
were
to
meet.”可知,哈维和戴维在短暂的见面后约定了下次见面的时间和地点。故选A项。
2.What
did
David
do
when
he
didn’t
hear
from
Harvey?
A.He
decided
to
meet
Harvey
at
a
later
time.
B.He
went
to
the
front
to
look
for
Harvey.
C.He
feared
that
Harvey
had
died.
D.He
asked
two
soldiers
about
Harvey.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His
letter
was
unanswered.David
felt
then
that
Harvey
must
not
have
made
it
back.”可知,当戴维没有收到哈维的回信时,戴维担心哈维已经牺牲了。故选C项。
3.The
underlined
word
“postpone”
in
paragraph
3
means
.?
A.talk
about
B.put
off
C.attend
D.call
答案B
解析词义猜测题。根据后面的“to
a
later
date”可知,戴维写信是想把见面的时间推迟。由此推知画线词的意思是“推迟”。故选B项。
4.Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.A
Note
Kept
for
Over
Forty
Years
B.Friendship
Developed
in
the
War
C.A
Letter
Never
Answered
D.Two
Brothers
Never
Separated
答案A
解析标题判断题。根据最后一段中“It
is
amazing,to
say
the
leas...after
over
forty
years”可知,
A
Note
Kept
for
Over
Forty
Years
“一张保存了40多年的纸条”是最佳标题。故选A项。
B
Is
war
unavoidable?Can
war
be
prevented?
History
tells
that
there
were
wars,great
or
small,in
every
century,in
every
decade.Throughout
the
ages,from
the
Stone
age
to
the
Atomic
Age,men
have
been
fighting,first
with
swords
and
shields(盾),then
with
guns
and
cannons,and
now,hydrogen
bombs
and
missiles
are
used
for
military
purposes.But,in
spite
of
all
these,it
is
still
my
belief
that
war
can
be
prevented
and
peace
can
be
won,but
it
requires
the
effort
of
every
one
of
us.
I
am
sure
that
we
would
not
like
to
experience
another
world
war.If
it
ever
happens,two-thirds
of
the
world
and
much
of
the
civilisation
which
men
have
gained
through
time,patience
and
effort
will
be
destroyed.Will
then
the
remaining
one-third
of
the
world
be
able
to
survive
on
its
own?
Our
task
now
is
not
to
blame
the
past,but
to
plan
for
the
future.
If
there
is
peace
in
the
world,men
can
use
their
rockets
to
explore
the
mystery
of
space,their
submarines
to
explore
the
depth
of
the
sea,their
missiles
to
deliver
mails
and
their
fine
equipment
to
penetrate(穿透)
the
jungles
of
Africa,instead
of
using
them
military.
Governments
can
use
their
money
to
build
more
schools,so
that
more
children
can
be
educated
to
be
useful
citizens.Scientists
can
use
atomic
energy
to
propel
(推动)
steamships
and
planes.They
can
also
design
new
machines
to
increase
the
production
of
goods
and
thus
improve
the
way
of
living
of
the
people.
How
can
a
peaceful
world
be
achieved?It
requires,in
my
opinion,the
understanding
and
friendship
between
all
people
from
all
nations.Let
no
one
suffer
discrimination
by
reason
of
colour,race,religion,or
national
origin.Let
the
rich
support
the
poor
and
the
strong
help
the
weak.
We
know
that
neither
peace
nor
such
a
dream
world
can
come
true
in
a
day
or
a
month.It
may
even
take
decades
or
centuries.But
let
us
plan
and
begin
now.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了人类是否能够阻止战争的问题。
5.The
best
title
for
this
passage
is
.?
A.The
Past
and
the
Future
B.To
Die
or
To
Survive
C.War
and
Peace
D.Understanding
and
Friendship
答案C
解析标题归纳题。文章主要论述了战争的可能性以及为了和平我们该怎么办,所以选C项。
6.In
the
writer’s
opinion, .?
A.it
is
too
difficult
to
achieve
peace
B.peace
can
be
won
through
the
efforts
of
all
human
beings
C.another
world
war
is
inevitable
D.wars
will
always
exist
in
the
world
答案B
解析细节理解题。结合第二段中的“but
it
requires
the
effort
of
every
one
of
us”及倒数第二段中的“It
requires,in
my
opinion,the
understanding
and
friendship
between
all
people
from
all
nations.”和最后一段中的“We
know
that
neither
peace
nor
such
a
dream
world
can
come
true
in
a
day
or
a
month.It
may
even
take
decades
or
centuries.”可知答案。
7.We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that
.?
A.wars
were
not
expensive
in
the
past
B.wars
can
promote
the
development
of
weapons
C.things
for
military
use
can
be
transformed
to
peaceful
use
D.as
long
as
there
are
wars,people’s
way
of
living
cannot
be
improved
答案C
解析推理判断题。结合第五段可知军事设备可用于和平用途。
8.Which
word
can
best
describe
the
writer’s
picture
of
the
future
of
the
world?
A.Optimistic.
B.Pessimistic.
C.Imaginative.
D.Disappointing.
答案A
解析作者态度题。结合第二段的“it
is
still
my
belief
that
war
can
be
prevented
and
peace
can
be
won”和作者的语气可知作者对将来的和平持乐观态度。(共39张PPT)
Section
B Using
language
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.
n.制服?
2.
n.维持和平(的行动)?
3.
n.维和人员?
4.
n.冲突;摩擦?
5.
v.解除武装?
6.combatant
n.
?
7.weapon
n.
?
8.ammunition
n. ?
9.stability
n.
?
10.professionalism
n.
?
uniform
peacekeeping
peacekeeper
friction
disarm
战斗人员
武器,兵器
弹药
稳固,稳定
专业水准,专业素质;职业精神
重点短语
1.
放下;镇压;拒绝?
2. 投入;投身于?
3. 把……称作,把……当作?
4. 为……感到悲伤?
5.keep
to
?
6.play
a
role
in
?
7.keep
on
standby ?
8.carry
out ?
put
down
throw
into
refer
to...as
feel
sad
for
遵守,信守;坚持
在……中发挥作用
待命
执行
重点语法主谓一致(一)
重点句式
The
purpose
of
doing
this
was
to
destroy
the
morale
of
ordinary
people
and
stop
them
from
supporting
the
war
effort.
Ⅱ.释义匹配
1.peacekeeper A.the
special
set
of
clothes
worn
by
a
group
2.friction
B.an
object
that
is
used
for
fighting
or
attacking
sb
3.stability
C.a
member
of
a
military
force
who
has
been
sent
to
help
stop
people
fighting
4.uniform
D.the
quality
or
state
of
being
steady
5.weapon
E.disagreement
or
a
lack
of
friendship
among
people
who
have
different
opinions
about
sth
答案:1.C 2.E 3.D 4.A 5.B
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.His
family (be)
poor
and
he
used
to
work
hard
to
support
his
family.?
2.Look!Those
cattle
(be)
eating
grass
on
the
hill
now.?
3.Each
actor
and
each
actress
(be)
invited
to
our
school
yesterday.?
4.Many
people
say
1,000
dollars
(be)
a
lot
of
money.?
5.About
70
percent
of
the
earth’s
surface
(be)
covered
with
water.?
6.The
number
of
the
students
in
middle
school
(be)
increasing
year
after
year.?
7.All
(be)
willing
to
reach
an
agreement.?
was
are
was
is
is
is
are
重点词汇
1.Government
troops
have
put
down
the
uprising.政府军镇压了起义。(p.29)
【词汇精讲】put
down是动词短语,表示“记下,放下;镇压”。
I
had
prepared
for
the
meeting
by
putting
down
what
I
wanted
from
them.
我已为会议做了准备,写下了我想从他们那里得到的东西。
【词汇拓展】
put
forward提出(意见、建议、观点等);推荐;提前;把(时钟)往前拨
put
off推迟;推脱;搪塞
put
away
存放;存储;把……收起来
put
out熄灭;伸出;出版;打扰
put
up
举起;张贴;建造;为……提供住宿
put
up
with容忍;忍受
Don’t
put
off
till
tomorrow
what
can
be
done
today.
今日事今日毕。
The
firefighters
spent
3
hours
putting
out
the
big
fire.
消防员用了3个小时扑灭了大火。
I’m
not
going
to
put
up
with
their
smoking
in
the
office
any
longer.
我再也不能容忍他们在办公室抽烟了。
I
put
away
the
things
that
might
prove
to
be
a
danger
to
a
child.
我把可能对孩子造成危险的东西收了起来。
2.Peacekeepers
monitor
the
peace
process
in
areas
that
have
experienced
friction
and
civil
wars,making
sure
that
previously
warring
parties
keep
to
their
agreements.维和人员在经历过摩擦和内战的地区监测和平进程,确保先前交战各方遵守协议。(p.31)
【词汇精讲1】friction是名词,表示“冲突;摩擦”。
Sara
sensed
that
there
had
been
friction
between
her
children.
萨拉感觉到她的孩子们中间出现了摩擦。
【词汇拓展】
cause/create
friction
引起摩擦
friction
between...(and)在……之间的摩擦
friction
with和……摩擦
the
friction
over
关于……的争执
There’s
a
lot
of
friction
between
my
wife
and
my
mother.
我妻子和我母亲之间有很多摩擦。
【词汇精讲2】keep
to是动词短语,表示“遵守,履行”
。
The
tourists
insist
on
keeping
to
their
plan.
旅行者坚持按旅行计划行事。
【词汇拓展】
keep
up
with跟上
keep
up保持;使不低落
keep
back隐瞒;保留;阻止
keep
in
mind记住
keep
away
from使不接近/靠近
keep
off避开;不接近
keep
on(doing
sth)继续(做某事)
Facing
difficulties,they
are
not
discouraged
but
keep
their
spirits
up.
面对困难,他们没有气馁,而是继续保持斗志。
重点句式
The
purpose
of
doing
this
was
to
destroy
the
morale
of
ordinary
people
and
stop
them
from
supporting
the
war
effort.这样做的目的是破坏普通人的士气,阻止他们支持战争。(p.30)
【句式剖析】本句中to
destroy
the
morale
of
ordinary
people
and
stop
them
from
supporting
the
war
effort是动词不定式短语作表语,解释前面的purpose的内容。
Their
purpose
is
to
build
a
fair
society
and
a
strong
economy.
他们的目的是要建立一个公平的社会和一个强大的经济体。
【句式拓展】
不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组,或是what引导的名词性从句时,不定式说明主语的内容。
My
chief
purpose
is
to
point
out
the
difficulties
of
the
matter.
我的主要目的是指出这件事的困难。
What
I
would
suggest
is
to
put
off
the
meeting.
我建议把会议推迟。
【温馨提示】不定式作表语时,一般要带to,但若谓语部分中含有do的各种形式时,符号to可省去。
We’ve
missed
the
last
bus.All
we
could
do
now
is
walk
home.
我们错过了末班公交车。现在我们所能做的就是步行回家。
重点语法
主谓一致(一)
一、名词作主语时的主谓一致
1.只表示复数意义的名词people,police,cattle等,形式上是单数,而意义上却是复数,谓语动词要用复数形式。
The
police
are
searching
for
a
tall
dark
man
with
a
beard.
警察正在搜寻一个留着胡子、皮肤黝黑的高个子男人。
2.集体名词crowd,family,team,group,government,committee,class,union,firm,staff,public等作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式,强调各个成员,则谓语动词用复数形式。
As
far
as
I
know,his
family
is
a
big
one.(强调整体)
据我所知,他家是一个大家庭。
When
I
visited
them
yesterday,the
family
were
having
dinner.(强调成员)
昨天当我拜访他们时,他们一家人正在吃饭。
3.只作不可数名词的集体名词clothing,furniture,baggage/luggage,scenery,jewellery,equipment等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
His
luggage
is
very
heavy,and
he
needs
someone
to
help
him.
他的行李很重,需要有人帮他一下。
The
scenery
of
this
mountain
area
is
beautiful,which
has
attracted
many
tourists.
这个山区的风景很美,吸引了很多游客。
4.单复数同形的名词means,sheep,deer等,据其表达的单复数的意义而定。
All
possible
means
have
been
tried,but
none
of
which
is
perfect.
所有可能的方法都试了,但是没有一个是完美的。
Every
possible
means
has
been
tried
and
the
result
is
very
good.
每一个可能的方法都试了而且结果非常好。
5.只有复数形式的名词goods,clothes,remains等,谓语动词用复数形式。
The
goods
of
the
store
are
of
high
quality.
这个商店的货物质量很好。
Her
clothes
are
always
beautiful
and
fashionable.
她的衣服总是漂亮而且时尚。
6.表示成双成套的名词glasses,trousers,shoes,scissors,gloves等,谓语动词用复数形式。
My
shoes
don’t
fit
my
feet,so
I
have
to
buy
another
pair.
我的鞋不合脚,因此我只好再买一双。
Her
glasses
she
bought
yesterday
are
very
expensive.
她昨天买的眼镜很贵。
【温馨提示】表示成双成套的名词前若有pair
of,type
of等修饰,谓语动词根据量词的形式而定。
A
new
pair
of
glasses
was
bought
yesterday
for
her
by
her
friend.
昨天她的朋友为她买了一副新眼镜。
二、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致
主语
谓语动词
由and或both...and连接,其内容是复数
复数
由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,not
only...but
also...,not...but...等连接
就近原则
主语后有with,together
with,along
with,as
well
as,like,rather
than,but,except等词或短语时
单复数与前面的主语
一致
Both
Jim
and
his
parents
were
sitting
in
the
shade
of
a
large
tree.
吉姆和他父母都坐在一棵大树的树荫下。
Neither
the
students
nor
the
teacher
knows
the
reason
why
she
behaved
strangely.
学生和老师都不知道她行为怪异的原因。
【温馨提示】
and与谓语动词的单数
(1)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no,each,many
a,every等修饰,谓语动词要用单数。
Each
teacher
and
(each)
student
was
given
a
ticket.
每一位老师和学生都得了一张票。
Every
hour
and
(every)
minute
is
important
for
us.
每一小时和每一分钟对我们都很重要。
(2)当and连接的两个词指同一个人或物时,谓语动词要用单数。
The
writer
and
poet
is
coming
soon.
那位作家兼诗人很快就要来了。(同一个人,注意poet前无冠词)
三、数量概念作主语时的主谓一致
1.表示时间、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Five
minutes
isn’t
enough
to
finish
this
work.
要完成这项工作,5分钟是不够的。
2.some,most,rest及分数、百分数等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数根据所代替的名词而定。
Most
of
the
workers
are
against
the
plan.(指代可数名词复数)大部分工人反对这个计划。
The
rest
of
the
fresh
water
has
been
shipped
to
the
city.(指代不可数名词)
剩下的淡水已被送入城中。
3.“a
number
of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。但是,“the
number
of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
A
number
of
students
have
made
up
their
minds
to
take
part
in
after-school
activities.
许多学生已经下定决心参加课外活动。
The
number
of
students
who
have
made
up
their
minds
to
take
part
in
after-school
activities
is
120.
已经下定决心参加课外活动的学生人数是120。
四、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致
1.either,each,little,much等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Each
of
the
books
is
worth
reading.
每本书都值得读。
2.both,few,many,several等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Both
of
the
sisters
are
interested
in
medicine.
姐妹俩都对医学感兴趣。
3.all指可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;若指不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
All
are
present
at
the
meeting
today.
今天所有的人都参加了会议。
All
of
the
information
is
very
important.
所有的信息都很重要。
4.none指可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式均可;若指不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
None
of
them
is/are
aware
of
the
danger.
他们没有人意识到危险。
五、其他情况作主语时的主谓一致
1.单个动词不定式(短语)、动词-ing(短语)或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
To
read
English
aloud
every
morning
is
of
great
benefit
to
your
English
study.
每天早晨大声朗读英语对你的英语学习大有裨益。
2.当what引导的主语从句表示复数概念时,谓语动词用复数。
What
we
badly
need
are
good
teachers.
我们急需的是好老师。
3.there
be句型中,be动词的单复数与最靠近它的名词一致。
There
is
a
table
and
four
chairs
in
the
room.
房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。
4.定语从句中关系代词作主语与先行词一致。
Our
guide,who
is
a
French
Canadian,is
an
excellent
cook.
我们的向导,一个法裔加拿大华人,擅长烹调。
5.the+adj./PP
指一类人,谓语动词用复数。
The
injured
of
this
accident
are
being
taken
good
care
of
in
hospital
now.
事故中的伤员现在在医院得到很好的照顾。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She
will
probably
take
great
pride
in
wearing
school
u .?
答案:uniform
2.P
forces
are
usually
made
up
of
troops
from
several
different
countries.?
答案:Peacekeeping
3.F
between
moving
parts
had
caused
the
engine
to
overheat.?
答案:Friction
4.The
youths
were
dragged
from
their
car
and
searched
for
(武器).?
答案:weapons
5.They
had
to
meet
the
attack
with
very
little
(弹药).?
答案:ammunition
6.The
country
is
now
enjoying
a
period
of
relative
(稳定).?
答案:stability
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(主谓一致)
1.The
design
on
the
back
(show)
the
yellow-eyed
penguin,one
of
the
world’s
rarest
penguins.?
答案:shows
2.Not
until
the
early
19th
century
(be)
nail
paints
changed
into
the
nail
polish
that
we
see
today.?
答案:were
3.98%
of
the
surface
(be)
covered
permanently
by
ice
and
strong
winds
driven
by
gravity
blow
from
the
pole
to
the
coastline.?
答案:is
4.About
two
miles
away
from
my
home
(stand)
a
mountain
which
is
really
worth
touring.?
答案:stands
5.While
running
regularly
can’t
make
you
live
forever,the
review
says
it
(be)
more
effective
at
lengthening
life
than
walking,cycling
or
swimming.?
答案:is
6.Fast
food
(be)
full
of
fat
and
salt;by
eating
more
fast
food
people
will
get
more
salt
and
fat
than
they
need
in
their
diet.?
答案:is
Ⅲ.语法填空
A
93-year-old
war
hero
whose
home
was
burglarized
(失盗)
earlier
this
week
got
another
surprise
on
Wednesday.
“The
father
of
the
two
children
1.
broke
into
my
house,Jose
Gonzalez,was
here
and
he
2.
(apologise),”
said
the
old
hero
Wood.
Gonzalez
stopped
by
as
some
volunteers
began
repairing
Wood’s
3.
(damage)
home.He
said
he
didn’t
know
what
had
caused
his
children
4.
(break)
into
the
house.
“I
was
telling
them:Would
you
want
somebody
to
do
that
to
your
grandparents?”
said
Gonzalez.“Whether
they
knew
it
was
an
older
gentleman’s
house
or
not,they
were
5.
(guilt)
of
what
they
had
done.”
The
boys
are
accused
of
6.
(steal)
several
items
from
Wood’s
home.
“Only
when
I
went
into
that
man’s
house
did
I
see
what
they
had
done,”
said
Gonzalez.“7.
wasn’t
right
for
them
to
have
done
that.”
Gonzalez
said
he
wanted
his
sons
to
be
much
8.
(good).
“Well,it
helps
me
understand
he’s
doing
something
instead
of
just
forgetting
it,”
said
Wood.
“He
came
in
and
made
an
apology
to
my
dad
9.
their
behaviour,and
I
think
it
is
10.
(admire),”
said
one
of
Wood’s
sons.“I
also
think
it
was
the
right
thing
to
do.”
答案与解析:
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Gonzalez为他两个孩子的盗窃行为向93岁战争英雄道歉的故事。
1.who/that 考查定语从句关系词。分析句子可知the
two
children后面是一个定语从句,the
two
children是先行词,指人,在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
2.apologised 考查时态。分析句子可知,主语he后缺少谓语动词,and前面的谓语动词是was,所以此空应是一般过去时。故填apologised。
3.damaged 考查过去分词。分析句子可知,Wood’s
(damage)
home是一个名词短语,此处缺少一个定语;根据句意可知,Wood的家已被破坏,可以用过去分词作定语,表被动和完成。故填damaged。?
4.to
break 考查固定短语。cause
sb
to
do
sth“导致某人做某事,使某人做某事”,是固定短语。故填to
break。
5.guilty 考查固定短语。be
guilty
of...“对……感到内疚”,是固定短语。故填guilty。
6.stealing 考查固定短语。be
accused
of
doing
sth“被指控做某事”,是固定短语。故填stealing。
7.It 考查形式主语。分析句子可知,to
have
done
that是本句的真正主语,为避免句子头重脚轻,用It作形式主语,形成It
is/was
+
adj.+
for
sb
to
do
sth结构。故填It。
8.better 考查比较级。句意:Gonzalez希望他两个儿子变得更好。much修饰比较级,意为“更……”。故填better。
9.for 考查固定短语。make
an
apology
to
sb
for
sth为某事向某人道歉,是固定短语。故填for。
10.admirable 考查形容词。分析句子可知,it
is
(admire)为主系表结构,此处用形容词作表语。故填admirable。?
