Unit
5
Learning
from
nature
Section
C Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
&
Reflection
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The
(describe)
of
the
rural
life
made
me
spend
a
whole
week
in
the
countryside.?
答案description
2.In
common
with
many
people,I
like
white
colour
as
it
is
a
symbol
of
(pure).?
答案purity
3.Tom
(resign)
from
the
company
in
order
to
get
a
better-paid
job.?
答案resigned
4.Always
believe
that
your
goal
is
(attain)
as
long
as
you
commit
yourself
to
it.?
答案attainable
5.It
is
widely
acknowledged
that
students
should
be
(evaluate)
in
terms
of
overall
quality.?
答案evaluated
6.The
project
had
been
(reject),so
we
didn’t
need
to
work.?
答案rejected
7.The
significance
of
this
is
that
we
can
detect
if
a
person
has
(depress)
symptoms.?
答案depressive
8.
(withdraw)
from
the
people
and
the
world,the
boy
eventually
became
a
heavy
Internet
user
with
some
mental
problems.?
答案Withdrawn
9.His
(react)
to
her
visit
is
mixed.It
is
a
mixture
of
excitement
and
worry.?
答案reaction
10.On
hearing
his
son’s
(survive),the
worried
mother
burst
into
tears.?
答案survival
Ⅱ.短语填空
withdraw
from;focus
on;be
opposed
to;in
return
to
1.He
gave
me
a
lot
of
delicious
food
my
kind
help.?
答案in
return
to
2.I the
way
of
life
I
am
living.?
答案am
opposed
to
3.The
basketball
player
reacted
to
the
judge’s
decision
by
the
match.?
答案withdrawing
from
4.As
students,we
should what
we
are
learning
now.?
答案focus
on
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.我懂四种语言,如日语、英语。(such
as)
?
答案I
know
four
languages,such
as
Japanese
and
English.
2.在参观完实验室之后,我们被带到了一个大厅里。(having
been
done)
?
答案Having
been
shown
around
the
lab,we
were
led
into
a
big
hall.
3.离开了他的朋友们,他感到很孤独。(depart,现在分词短语作状语)
?
答案Departing
from
his
friends,he
felt
very
lonely.
素养提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Companion
planting
is
the
idea
that
some
kinds
of
plants
can
help
each
other
grow.Plants
that
are
compatible(兼容的,能共处的)
together
generally
have
similar
needs
in
terms
of
nutrients,soil
and
moisture
levels.
Advice
about
which
plants
are
compatible
is
sometimes
based
more
on
tradition
than
proof.But
experts
say
there
is
evidence
to
support
certain
combinations.These
can
improve
harvests,reduce
disease
and
help
with
pest
control
by
attracting
helpful
insects.
For
example,some
kinds
of
soil
bacteria
take
nitrogen
from
the
air
and
make
it
into
a
form
that
plants
can
use.The
plants
hold
the
nitrogen
in
their
roots.Legumes(豆科植物)are
especially
good
at
this
nitrogen(氮)fixing.Then
any
crops
that
share
the
same
space
with
the
legumes
can
get
the
nitrogen
when
the
roots
are
broken
down.
Beans
and
potatoes
can
also
share
territory
well
because
their
roots
reach
different
levels
in
the
soil.Deep-rooted
vegetables
get
nutrients
and
moisture
from
lower
down
in
the
soil,so
they
do
not
compete
with
plants
with
shallower
roots.
But
some
plants
placed
together
may
harm
each
other’s
development.For
example,tomatoes
do
not
like
wet
soil
but
watercress
does,so
you
would
probably
want
to
keep
them
separated.
Some
kinds
of
produce
should
be
kept
apart
even
after
being
harvested.This
is
because
of
ethylene
gas(乙烯气体).Ethylene
is
a
plant
hormone(激素)that
can
cause
some
foods
to
ripen
too
quickly.Apples
release
ethylene
gas.Apricots,melons
and
tomatoes
also
release
a
lot
of
ethylene.Some
vegetables
are
easily
affected
by
ethylene,including
asparagus,broccoli,cabbages
and
cucumbers.
This
risk
of
ripening
too
soon
is
why
markets
often
separate
high
ethylene-producing
foods
from
those
that
are
sensitive
to
the
gas.But
if
you
put
an
apple
in
a
bag
with
a
green
banana,the
ethylene
from
the
apple
will
make
the
banana
ready
to
eat
sooner.
What
about
peaches,plums
and
nectarines?These
kinds
of
fruit
do
not
need
any
help
from
an
apple—they
release
enough
ethylene
to
ripen
themselves.But
that
does
not
mean
there
is
no
way
to
get
the
job
done
faster.
Growers
suggest
placing
the
fruit
in
a
fruit
bowl
or
in
a
paper
bag
with
the
top
folded
over.Keep
the
fruit
at
room
temperature,out
of
direct
sunlight.Once
the
fruit
is
soft
enough,either
use
it
or
put
it
in
the
refrigerator
to
keep
it
from
getting
too
ripe.
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了一些农业知识,其中说明了哪些植物可以混栽,哪些植物不能一起种植以及哪些植物可以释放乙烯气体。
1.Companion
planting
refers
to
the
idea
that
.?
A.some
crops
can
grow
together
to
benefit
each
other
B.some
crops
have
the
similar
needs
of
nutrients,soil
and
water
level
C.some
plants
can
damage
each
other
if
grown
together
D.a
good
farming
method
to
prevent
natural
disasters
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第一段可知混栽植物指的是有些植物可以一起种植,彼此受益的观点,故选A项。
2.According
to
the
text,which
of
the
following
cannot
grow
together?
A.Beans
and
potatoes.
B.Tomatoes
and
watercress.
C.Legumes
and
corns.
D.Rice
and
sugarcane.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第五段的“For
example,tomatoes
do
not
like
wet
soil
but
watercress
does,so
you
would
probably
want
to
keep
them
separated.”可知西红柿和西洋菜不能一起种植,故选B项。
3.What
is
the
function
of
ethylene?
A.To
improve
the
quality
of
fruits.
B.To
produce
a
poisonous
gas.
C.To
keep
vegetables
fresh.
D.To
make
fruits
ripen
earlier.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第六段的“Ethylene
is
a
plant
hormone
that
can
cause
some
foods
to
ripen
too
quickly.”可知乙烯气体的作用是让果实早点成熟,故选D项。
4.The
text
is
most
likely
to
be
taken
from
.?
A.a
newspaper
of
medicine
B.a
magazine
of
culture
C.a
journal
of
agriculture
D.a
travel
report
答案C
解析推理判断题。这篇文章主要介绍了一些农业知识,所以这篇文章最可能出自农业杂志,选C项。
Ⅴ.应用文写作
为保护环境,政府提倡垃圾分类,但许多小区的落实情况不尽人意,请你写一封电子邮件向有关部门负责人反映这一现状,并提出合理建议。
?
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文
As
is
encouraged
to
protect
the
environment,rubbish
classification
is
very
necessary.It
can
save
the
money
and
the
time
for
a
country
to
deal
with
rubbish
and
it
also
can
enhance
the
quality
of
people.
Faced
with
the
new
rule,many
citizens
find
it
a
little
too
complicated,with
every
item
of
waste
now
under
careful
examination
and
classification.Besides,some
of
them
don’t
want
to
waste
their
time
on
this.So
they
don’t
do
well
in
rubbish
classification.
In
view
of
these
circumstances,I
think
we
should
take
some
measures.Firstly,give
people
more
patience
and
let
them
get
familiar
with
the
rules
of
rubbish
classification.Secondly,more
regulations
should
be
made
and
carried
out
by
authorities
to
oversee
and
enforce
it.Thirdly,it
is
necessary
to
improve
people’s
awareness
of
environmental
protection,getting
them
into
a
habit.
Only
by
doing
these
can
we
help
people
develop
more
environmentally
friendly
living
habits
and
make
China
a
more
beautiful
country.
Ⅵ.读后续写
Kusa,a
10-year-old
boy,has
looked
out
for
his
big
sister,12-year-old
Pahnuly,for
as
long
as
he
can
remember.At
school,he
helps
her
unpack
her
things
at
her
locker.At
home,they
read
together,play
games
and
practice
counting.
Pahnuly
has
autism
(自闭症).People
with
autism
often
have
trouble
talking
with
others.They
might
repeat
things
over
and
over,or
be
interested
in
only
one
subject.But
it
was
Pahnuly
that
inspired
Kusa
to
think
differently.One
day,they
played
ping-pong
with
their
parents
at
home
in
Brooklyn
Park.But
Pahnuly
struggled
with
it.So
Kusa
wanted
to
find
a
way
to
make
it
more
suited
to
his
sister’s
needs.He
came
up
with
a
new
game
based
on
ping-pong.It
is
called
Aeropong
because
the
ball
seems
to
float
in
the
air.In
Aeropong,a
ping-pong
ball
hangs
from
a
frame.The
players
hit
the
ball
back
and
forth.It’s
kind
of
like
tennis,but
no
one
has
to
chase
the
ball.
At
first,Pahnuly
didn’t
show
much
interest.But
soon,Kusa
heard
a
sound
coming
from
the
front
room.Clack(啪嗒声).Clack.Clack.Pahnuly
had
picked
up
a
paddle
(乒乓球拍)
and
was
tapping
the
ball.Then,she
started
hitting
it
back
and
forth
with
Kusa
and
their
dad.Eventually,the
family
took
a
trip
to
Menards
to
buy
some
PVC
pipes
and
fashioned
a
portable
frame
for
the
ball
to
hang
from.They
also
designed
rules
and
ways
to
score
points.
Word
spread
at
school
about
Kusa’s
game.His
teacher,Stasica,asked
him
to
tell
his
class
about
Aeropong.“Kusa
was
usually
shy,but
when
he
talked
about
his
game,his
face
lit
up
with
excitement,”Stasica
said.Kusa
told
his
classmates
the
game
was
meant
to
make
people
smile,especially
his
big
sister.“When
she
scores,”
he
said,“she
dances.”
Paragraph
1:
Aeropong
has
become
an
essential
family
activity
in
Kusa’s
home.?
?
?
?
?
?
Paragraph
2:
Widely
spreading
on
the
Internet,Kusa’s
game
got
attention
across
the
country.?
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文
Paragraph
1:
Aeropong
has
become
an
essential
family
activity
in
Kusa’s
home.The
family
all
play
the
game
wearing
T-shirts
with
the
game’s
name
on
them.Pahnuly
watches
the
online
clips
nearly
every
day.She
was
celebrating
a
win
at
Aeropong
over
her
dad.She
waved
her
pink
cat
paddle
in
the
air.Cats
are
Pahnuly’s
favourite
animals.
Paragraph
2:
Widely
spreading
on
the
Internet,Kusa’s
game
got
attention
across
the
country.It
soon
gained
great
popularity.Meanwhile,a
toy
company
decided
to
produce
Aeropong
on
an
industrial
scale.Now,he
dreams
of
becoming
a
“creator
and
businessman”.He
said
his
big
sister
had
already
inspired
him
to
create
other
inventions.(共52张PPT)
Unit
5
Learning
from
nature
素养导航
Dame
Zaha
Hadid,the
Iraqi-born
British
architect
whose
tall
structures
left
a
mark
on
skylines
and
imaginations
around
the
world
and
in
the
process
reshaped
architecture
for
the
modern
age.
She
was
not
an
average
designer.She
liberated①
architectural
geometry
(几何),giving
it
a
whole
new
expressive
identity②.Geometry
became,in
her
hands,a
vehicle
for
unprecedented
(无先例的)
and
eye-popping
new
spaces.Her
buildings
elevated
uncertainty
to
an
art,conveyed
in
the
odd③
ways.?
Her
work
implying④
mobility,speed,freedom
and
uncertainty
spoke
to
a
worldview
widely
shared
by
a
younger
generation.“I
am
not
a
European.I
don’t
do
conventional⑤
work
and
I
am
a
woman.”
Strikingly
Ms
Hadid
never
allowed
herself
on
her
work
to
be
categorized
by
her
background
or
her
gender.In
2004,she
became
the
first
woman
to
win
the
Pritzker
Prize,architecture’s
Nobel.
Zaha
Hadid
was
born
in
Baghdad
on
October
31,1950.Then
in
1972,she
arrived
at
the
architectural
association
in
London,a
centre
for
experimental
design.Her
teachers
included
Elia
Zenghelis
and
Rem
Koolhaas.“They
aroused⑥
my
ambition,”
she
would
recall,“and
taught
me
to
trust
even
my
strangest
instincts.”
By
the
1980s
she
had
established
her
own
practice
in
London.And
she
began
to
draw
attention
with
an
unrealised
plan
in
1982-1983
for
the
Peak
Club.
Her
partner,Patrick
Schumacher,played
an
instrumental
and
collaborative
role
in
her
career.Mr
Schumacher
coined
the
term
parametric(参数的)
design
to
include
the
computer-based
approach
that
helped
the
firm’s
most
weird
concepts
become
reality.
Her
sources
were
nature,history
or
whatever
she
sought
useful.When
her
Rosenthal
Centre,a
relatively
modest
project,opened
in
2003,Herbert
Muschamp,the
architecture
critic
declared
it
“the
most
important
American
building
to
be
completed
since
the
end
of
the
cold
war”.
“She
was
bigger
than
life,a
force
of
nature,”
as
Amale
Andraos,the
dean
of
Columbia
University’s
architecture
school,put
it,“she
was
a
pioneer.”
She
was
for
women,for
what
cities
can
desire
to
build
and
for
the
art
of
architecture.
词海拾贝
①liberate
v.解放
②identity
n.身份
③odd
adj.古怪的
④imply
v.暗示
⑤conventional
adj.传统的,常规的
⑥arouse
v.鼓励,唤醒
典句欣赏
She
liberated
architectural
geometry,giving
it
a
whole
new
expressive
identity.
译文:她解放了建筑几何学,赋予它一种全新的表现身份。
分析:该句子主干为She
liberated
architectural
geometry;giving
it
a
whole
new
expressive
identity是结果状语。
探究思辨
1.What
does
her
work
imply?
2.What
inspired
her
to
make
more
new
creations?
答案:1.Her
work
implies
mobility,speed,freedom
and
uncertainty.
2.Nature,history
or
whatever
she
sought
useful.
Section
A Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.lotus
n.
?
2.termite
n. ?
3.mound
n.
?
4.pine
cone
n.
?
5.waterfront
n.
?
6.plumbing
n. ?
7.biomimicry
n. ?
8.dioxide
n.
?
9.
v.模仿?
10.
adj.极好的,出色的?
11.
v.使转变;使转换?
莲花,荷花
白蚁
土堆,土丘
松果,松球
滨水地区
管道系统
仿生学
二氧化物
mimic
superb
convert
重点短语
1.take...for
granted
?
2.be
fed
with ?
3.convert...into ?
4.in
harmony
with
?
5.stick
with ?
6.reduce
to ?
认为……理所当然
受够了
转换
与……和谐
与……在一起
减少到
7. 习惯?
8. 从……学到?
9. 把……当作?
10. 建立在……基础上?
11. 与……有联系?
12. 对……做出反应?
13. ……的例子?
be
used
to
learn
from
regard
as
base
on
associate
with
respond
to
an
example
of
重点句式
It
is
natural
to
think
in
this
way,but
of
course
it
wasn’t
the
umbrella
that
inspired
the
flower
or
the
roof
that
inspired
the
pine
cone.
Ⅱ.阅读导学
A.划分部分,匹配大意。
The
passage
can
be
divided
into
3
parts.
Part
1:Paragraph
1
Part
2:Paragraphs
2-5
Part
3:Paragraph
6
?
Part
1 A.Live
in
harmony
with
nature.
Part
2
B.Some
examples
for
the
topic.
Part
3
C.Nature
gives
us
much
inspiration.
答案:Part
1—C Part
2—B Part
3—A
B.根据课文内容,选择正确答案。
1.Which
of
the
following
famous
architectural
designs
is
an
exception
of
humans
getting
inspiration
from
nature?
A.Sagrada
Familia
in
Barcelona.
B.ArtScience
Museum
in
Singapore.
C.The
Great
Wall
in
China.
D.The
Algae
House
in
Germany.
2.Which
of
the
following
was
designed
to
show
the
connection
between
nature
and
the
modern
city
environment
?
A.Beijing’s
Water
Cube.
B.ArtScience
Museum,Singapore.
C.The
Eastgate
Centre,Harare.
D.The
Algae
House.
答案:B
答案:C
3.Which
of
the
following
is
Not
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.In
ArtScience
Museum
visitors
are
often
amazed
to
find
themselves
in
a
rural
building
that
so
truly
captures
the
beauty
of
natural
forms.
B.The
Eastgate
Centre
reduces
the
need
for
traditional
air
conditioning
and
heating
systems,so
the
building
uses
less
energy
and
costs
less
to
run.
C.The
Algae
House
uses
ways
to
make
natural
organisms
part
of
a
building.
D.ArtScience
Museum
is
an
example
of
exploring
ways
to
capture
the
beauty
of
natural
forms.
答案:A
4.After
reading
the
passage,we
can
safely
conclude
that
.?
A.an
open
flower
resembles
an
umbrella
B.a
pine
cone
looks
much
like
the
tiles
on
a
roof
C.we
build
all
kinds
of
buildings
to
meet
needs
of
people
D.architects
continue
to
explore
ways
to
mimic
the
way
nature
works
答案:D
重点词汇
1.Nature
has
inspired
many
of
the
most
fascinating
designs
around
us,including
those
in
architecture.大自然激发了我们周围许多令人着迷的设计,包含许多建筑。(p.50)
【词汇精讲】inspire为及物动词,表示“使产生某种感情或者反应;给人灵感”,同时它还有“鼓励,激励”之意。名词为inspiration;形容词inspired表示“卓越的”,inspiring表示“鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的”。
The
story
was
inspired
by
a
chance
meeting
with
an
old
Russian
duke.
这个故事的创作灵感来自与一位俄国老公爵的不期而遇。
Inspired
by
the
sunny
weather,I
decided
to
explore
the
woods.
阳光明媚的天气让我决定去森林里寻幽探胜。
King
was
a
great
orator
and
an
inspiring
leader.
金是伟大的演说家和鼓舞人心的领袖。
【词汇拓展】
inspire
sb
to
do
sth激发某人做某事
draw
inspiration
from从……中吸取灵感
under
the
inspiration
of
sb在某人的鼓舞下
He
draws
inspiration
from
ordinary
scenes.
他从日常生活中获得灵感。
2.Shaped
to
resemble
a
lotus
flower,it
appears
to
float...被塑造成莲花的形状,它似乎漂浮……(p.51)
【词汇精讲1】shape在该句子中为动词,表示“塑造,使成形”,作名词时,表示“形状,外形”。
People’s
political
beliefs
are
shaped
by
what
they
see
in
the
papers.
人们的政治观点受他们所读的报纸的影响。
We
can
recognise
a
tree
by
the
shape
of
its
leaves.
我们可以根据树叶的形状判断是什么树。
【词汇拓展】
shape
up改进行为或者工作
get/knock
sb/sth
into
shape把某人训练好,使某物达到标准
take
shape成形
in
the
shape
of以……的形状
shapeless不成形的,无定形的
in
shape健康状况良好
out
of
shape健康状况不好
keep/stay
in
shape保持健康
An
idea
was
beginning
to
take
shape
in
his
mind.
一个想法开始在他的脑子里形成。
Help
came
in
the
shape
of
money.
帮助以钱的形式到来。
【词汇精讲2】
appear在该句子中表示“似乎”的含义,常用于appear
to
do
sth这一结构,表示“似乎要做某事”。appear还有“出现;显露”的意思。
Police
say
there
appear
to
be
signs
of
a
break-in.
警方称似乎有破门而入的迹象。
Two
faces
appeared
at
our
window.
两张面孔出现在我们的窗口。
【词汇拓展】
It
appears
that...
……显得
appear
from
nowhere/out
of
nowhere突然冒出来
appearance
n.出现,露面
physical
appearance外表
judge
by
appearance以貌取人
disappear
v.消失,不见 disappearance
n.消失,不见
It
appeared
that
she
had
committed
suicide.她像自杀。
The
car
seemed
to
appear
from
nowhere.
这辆车好像是突然间从哪里冒出来的。
3.To
use
biomimicry
is
to
create
structures
based
on
natural
forms
and
processes.利用仿生学就是创造建立在自然形式和进程上的结构。(p.51)
【词汇精讲】base
在该句子中为动词,表示“以……为基础”,常用于be
based
on这一结构中。base还有“以……为据点,把(总部等)设在”之意。
The
newspaper
had
intended
to
base
itself
in
London.
这家报纸本打算把基地设在伦敦。
【词汇拓展】
base...on...在……的基础上建立
base
n.底部,根基;大本营
There
is
a
hole
in
the
base
of
the
tree.
树的底部有个洞。
They
were
laying
the
base
for
a
new
economic
recovery.
他们正在为经济的再次复苏打基础。
They
base
their
relationship
on
mutual
respect.
他们以相互尊重为基础。
4.At
night,the
heat
absorbed
by
the
wall
during
the
day
warms
the
cool
air,creating
a
comfortable
temperature
inside.晚上,墙在白天吸收的热量让屋子暖和,创造了内部的一种舒适的温度。(p.51)
【词汇精讲1】absorb为动词,表示“吸收”,同时它还有“理解;吸引”之意。
Plants
absorb
nutrients
from
the
soil.
植物从土壤中吸收养分。
Her
capacity
to
absorb
information
is
amazing.
她接收信息的能力令人称奇。
【词汇拓展】
absorption吸收;专心致志;全神贯注
absorb
sth
into
sth
把……吸收入/并入……
be
absorbed
in专心致志于
I
don’t
understand
James’
absorption
with
military
history.
我不理解詹姆斯为何对军事历史那么着迷。
The
surrounding
villages
have
been
absorbed
into
the
growing
city.
周围的村庄已经并入了那个不断扩展的城市。
Judy
lay
on
the
sofa,absorbed
in
a
book.
朱迪躺在沙发上,专心致志地看书。
【词汇精讲2】
create
v.创造,创建;发明
Some
people
believe
that
the
universe
was
created
by
a
big
explosion.有些人认为宇宙是通过一次大爆炸创造出来的。
The
dish
was
created
by
a
Frenchman.
这道菜是由一个法国人创造出来的。
【词汇拓展】
creator
n.创造者
creative
adj.创造性的;创造的
creativity
n.创造性,创造力
The
writer
described
the
creative
process.
这位作家叙述了创作的过程。
【微写作】
The
creator
is
full
of
creativity.He
creates
many
useful
things
for
people.
5.The
panels
also
capture
heat
from
the
sun
and
convert
it
into
energy
that
powers
the
building.金属板也吸收太阳的热量并且把它转化成能源,供建筑使用。(p.51)
【词汇精讲】convert
为动词,表示“转换,转变”。
They
converted
the
spare
room
into
an
office.
他们把空闲的房间转变成了办公室。
【词汇拓展】
convert
sb
to
sth使某人皈依/归附
convert
sth
to/into
sth把……转变成……
convertor/converter
n.转换器
convertible
adj.可转换的,可改变的
Some
people
have
converted
themselves
to
vegetarianism.
一些人变成了素食主义。
I
think
the
convertible
sofa
is
very
convenient.
我认为两用沙发很方便。
6.The
building
therefore
not
only
responds
to
its
environment
and
uses
less
energy,but
also
reduces
damage
to
the
environment
by
generating
its
own
renewable
energy.因此,建筑物不只对周围的环境做出反应,用较少的能源;并且通过产生它可以循环利用的能源来减少对环境的破坏。(p.51)
【词汇精讲】respond为动词,表示“做出反应,回应”,常用于短语respond
to;其名词为response。
Dave
didn’t
respond
to
any
of
her
emails.
戴夫没有回过她一封邮件。
【词汇拓展】
respond
+
that-clause做出回应
in
response
to
sth对……做出回应
The
law
was
passed
in
response
to
the
public
pressure.
迫于公众压力,法律得以通过。
7.Creating
buildings
such
as
these
enables
us
to
live
in
closer
harmony
with
our
environment.创造这样的建筑让我们与环境相处得更为和谐紧密。(p.51)
【词汇精讲】harmony为名词,在此句中表示“融洽相处,相协调”,同时它还有“和声”之意。
They
were
singing
in
perfect
harmony.
他们用完美的和声演唱。
56
different
ethnic
groups
live
together
in
harmony
with
each
other
in
China.
56个不同的民族和谐地在中国相处。
【词汇拓展】
in
harmony
with
sth与……和谐/协调
harmonize
v.和谐,使一致
harmonious
adj.关系融洽的,和谐的
Your
suggestions
are
not
in
harmony
with
the
aims
of
this
project.
你的建议与该项目的目标不符。
They
are
in
a
harmonious
relationship.
他们关系融洽。
重点句式
It
is
natural
to
think
in
this
way,but
of
course
it
wasn’t
the
umbrella
that
inspired
the
flower
or
the
roof
that
inspired
the
pine
cone.这样想是很自然的,但是并不是雨伞激发花朵或屋顶激发松果长成这种形状。(p.50)
【句式剖析】
从整体结构看,这是一个并列句。It
is
natural
to
do
sth中,it是形式主语,to
do
sth是真正的主语。
在It
is/was...that...的结构中,如that...为定语从句,则句首的it是指示代词,担任主句的主语,that担任从句的主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略;如为强调句型,则it和that都是引导词,本身无意义,that不充当句子成分,不能省略。
It
is
the
novel
that
she
enjoys
reading.(that可以省略,在句子中作宾语)
这是她喜欢读的那本小说。
It
is
a
question
that
needs
careful
consideration.
这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。
It
was
in
this
museum
that
we
saw
the
famous
painting.
我们就是在这家博物馆里见到这幅名画的。
【甄别方法】
在It
is/was...that...结构中区分强调句型和定语从句的方法如下:一是定语从句中的that充当句子成分,而强调句型中的that不充当句子成分。二是去掉It
is/was和that并做适当调整后,强调句型的结构和意思仍然完整;而定语从句中的that充当主语时,如果省略that的话,句子结构不再完整。
It
was
in
the
lab
that
was
set
up
by
Mr
Smith
that
they
finished
the
experiment.
他们是在史密斯先生建立的实验室里完成这个实验的。
【分析】前一个that在从句中作主语,不能省略,可用which替换,因此可判定为定语从句,限定其前的名词the
lab。而后一个that不担任句子成分,但不可省略,由此可见是强调句型,强调实验是在这个实验室完成的。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The
Spanish
National
Football
Team
is
such
a
(卓越)
one
that
they
can
beat
us.?
答案:superb
2.Zhang
Hui
first
learned
he
could
perfectly
(模仿)
the
sounds
of
animals
when
he
was
a
child.?
答案:mimic
3.As
an
adult,she
tried
hard
to
become
American’s
first
woman
(建筑师).?
答案:architect
4.For
many
cities
in
the
world,there
is
no
room
to
spread
out
further,of
which
Tokyo
is
an
(样例).?
答案:example
5.Don’t
take
it
for
(想当然)
that
our
parents
should
do
everything
for
us.?
答案:granted
6.This
suggested
that
matter
could
be
(转化)into
energy
and
vice
versa.?
答案:converted
7.Do
you
know
the
(来源)
of
the
saying
I
just
quoted??
答案:source
8.I
don’t
believe
what
you
said,but
if
you
can
prove
it,you
may
be
able
to
(激励)
us.?
答案:inspire
9.All
happy
families
(相像)
one
another,but
each
unhappy
family
is
unhappy
in
its
own
way.?
答案:resemble
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
We
are
used
to
things
that
we
may
even
take
them
1.
granted
without
realising
how
much
inspiration
they
have
given
us.Nature
2.
(inspire)
many
of
the
most
3. (fascinate)
designs
around
us,4.
(include)
those
in
architecture
and
is
presented
in
various
architectural
5.
(design).Today,
architects
continue
to
explore
ways
6. (capture)
the
beauty
of
natural
forms,to
mimic
the
way
nature
works
or
even
to
make
natural
organisms
part
of
a
building.7. (create)
buildings
such
as
these
enables
us
to
live
in
8.
(close)
harmony
with
our
environment.To
meet
the
needs
of
today
while
protecting
the
world
of
tomorrow
may
be
9.
challenge,but
even
the
simplest
organisms
can
help
teach
us
10.
to
achieve
this.?
for
has
inspired
fascinating
including
designs
to
capture
Creating
closer
a
how(共37张PPT)
Section
C Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
&
Reflection
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.rural
adj.
?
2.cottage
n. ?
3.domestic
adj.
?
4.depart
v. ?
5.botanical
adj.
?
6. adj.抑郁的?
7. n.纯洁,纯净?
8. v.安于,顺从于?
9. v.冷落,嫌弃?
10. n.舒适,悠闲?
11. v.得到,获得?
12. v.评价,评估?
农村的,乡村的
乡村小屋
驯养的;家养的
离开
植物学的
depressive
purity
resign
reject
ease
attain
evaluate
重点短语
1. 反对?
2. 关注?
3. 目的?
4. 作为回报?
5. 反应?
6.in
contrast
to
?
7.resign
oneself
to
?
8.withdraw
from
?
9.at
ease
?
be
opposed
to
focus
on
aim
to
in
return
reaction
to
对比
顺从
退出
闲适
重点句式
Devoting
himself
to
observations
of
the
natural
phenomena,he
recorded
his
detailed
findings
in
his
journals.
Ⅱ.介词填空
1.They
bought
an
old
schoolhouse
to
live
and
built
a
workshop
in
the
basement.?
2.It
took
an
extraordinary
effort
to
focus
preparing
his
classes
or
correcting
his
students’
work.?
3.She
succeeded
inventing
the
new
machine.?
4.After
I
had
graduated
I
continued
to
devote
myself
research.?
5.The
president
cannot
yet
be
described
a
failure.?
in
on
in
to
as
Ⅲ.阅读导学
根据课文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.Tao’s
descriptions
of
nature
emphasised
the
beauty
and
purity
of
the
wild
areas
around
him.
2.Tao
returned
to
nature
as
he
hoped,living
a
closer
life
to
nature.
3.Tao
and
Thoreau
lived
in
the
same
age
of
different
countries.
4.Tao
and
Thoreau
didn’t
treat
nature
in
quite
the
same
way,but
their
works
show
its
beauty
and
value.
5.In
today’s
modern
world,their
ideas
may
take
us
a
step
closer
to
attaining
fulfilment.
答案:1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T
重点词汇
1.And
yet
they
shared
an
intense
respect
for
nature,which
made
them
each
an
influential
figure
of
their
time.然而,他们对自然有着强烈的尊重,这使得他们每个人成了那个时代有影响力的人物。(p.56)
【词汇精讲】influential为形容词,表示“有很大影响的”,它还有“有支配力的”含义。
She
is
one
of
the
most
influential
figures
in
local
politics.
她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。
【词汇拓展】
influence
v.影响,起作用 n.影响,作用
influence
upon/on
sb/sth对……产生影响
under
the
influence
of在……的影响下
He
was
arrested
on
suspicion
of
driving
under
the
influence
of
alcohol.
他因涉嫌酒后驾驶被捕。
This
example
has
a
great
influence
upon/on
young
people.
这个事例对年轻人有重大的影响。
Don’t
let
me
influence
you
either
way.
不要让我在任何方面影响你。
【名师点睛】
affect/impress/influence翻译为“影响”时的区别:
(1)affect
v.“影响”,通常由物作主语,多指产生消极作用。
The
food
is
for
the
areas
affected
by
the
flood.
食物是为受洪水影响的地区准备的。
(2)impress
v.“给……留下深刻印象”,指给人留下很深的印象,从而受到影响和感动,比
affect
影响更深,时间更长。
His
lecture
that
day
impressed
the
audience.
他那天的讲座让听众印象深刻。
(3)influence
v.“影响”,通常指潜移默化地起作用。
What
influenced
him
to
take
up
teaching?
是什么影响他去从事教学工作?
2.In
405,he
quit
the
service
of
the
court
for
good,expressing
his
unhappiness
in
the
now
famous
line
that
he
would
not
“bow
like
a
servant
in
return
for
five
dou
of
grain”.在公元405年,他辞去朝廷的官职
,用现在流行的“不为五斗米折腰”表达了他的不悦。(p.56)
【词汇精讲】in
return
作为回报
Can
I
buy
you
lunch
in
return
for
your
help?
我想请你吃午饭感谢你的帮助好吗?
【词汇拓展】
in
turn轮流;相应地
We
clean
the
blackboard
in
turn
every
week.
我们每周轮流擦黑板。
3.While
Tao’s
return
to
nature
was
a
reaction
to
a
lifestyle
he
was
opposed
to,Thoreau’s
was
a
personal
decision
to
transform
the
way
he
lived.尽管陶渊明回归大自然是对他反对的生活方式作出的反应,梭罗改变他的生活方式则是一个私人决定。(p.56)
【词汇精讲】reaction为名词,表示“反应,回应”,常与to连用。
What
was
his
reaction
to
the
news?
他对这消息有何反应?
【词汇拓展】
react
v.反应,对……作出反应
react
with同……反应
react
to对……反应
This
chemical
class
is
about
the
reaction
of
metals
with
oxygen
and
our
teacher
shows
us
how
iron
reacts
with
air
and
water.
这堂化学课是关于金属和氧气在一起的反应,老师展示给我们铁与水和空气是如何起反应的。
4.The
smoke
above
reluctant
to
depart.炊烟轻柔而缓慢地向上飘升(依依墟里烟)。(p.57)
【词汇精讲】reluctant为形容词,表示“不情愿的;勉强的”。
She
was
reluctant
to
admit
she
was
wrong.
她不愿意承认自己有错。
【词汇拓展】
reluctantly
adv.不情愿地
be
reluctant
to
do
sth不情愿做某事
The
child
was
reluctant
to
leave
her
mother.
这个孩子不愿意离开她的妈妈。
5.Live
in
each
season
as
it
passes;breathe
the
air,drink
the
drink,taste
the
fruit,and
resign
yourself
to
the
influences
of
each.生活在每一个流逝的季节;呼吸着空气,喝着饮料,品尝着水果,让自己沉浸在每种影响里。(p.57)
【词汇精讲】resign
oneself
to使自己安于某事/做某事
You
must
resign
yourselves
to
waiting
a
bit
longer.
你们得耐心地多等一会儿。
【词汇拓展】
resigned
adj.屈从的,顺从的
resign
from辞职,放弃
resign
one’s
post/position辞职
be/seem
resigned
to
sth/doing
sth准备忍受或容忍某事物
She
wears
a
resigned
look
on
her
face.
她脸上带着逆来顺受的表情。
She’s
just
resigned
from
the
committee.
她刚辞去了委员会的职务。
She
seems
resigned
to
the
fact
that
she’s
dying.
她似乎接受了她来日无多的事实。
6.It
takes
considerable
courage
to
reject
the
easy
and
familiar
and
instead
try
to
live
closer
to
nature,as
both
Tao
and
Thoreau
did.如陶渊明和梭罗一样,厌弃原来的舒适的熟悉的生活,过田园一般的生活是相当需要勇气的。(p.57)
【词汇精讲】reject
为及物动词,表示“拒绝接受;不予考虑”。
The
proposal
was
firmly
rejected.
这项提议被断然否决。
【词汇拓展】
reject
sb/sth拒绝某人/某物
rejection
n.拒绝,否决
The
prime
minister
rejected
any
idea
of
reforming
the
system.
首相对任何改革体制的想法都不予考虑。
Her
proposal
met
with
rejection.
她的建议遭到否决。
重点句式
Devoting
himself
to
observations
of
the
natural
phenomena,he
recorded
his
detailed
findings
in
his
journals.致力于研究自然现象,他在他的日志中详细记录了他的发现。(p.57)
【句式剖析】Devoting
himself
to...现在分词(非谓语)在句子中作状语,通常都表示主语在进行的另一动作,用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。
Having
lived
with
the
girl
for
years,we
all
know
her
well.
和那个女孩儿生活了几年,我们都非常了解她。
【句式拓展】现在分词作状语可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作,相当于相对应的状语从句或者并列句。
Not
knowing
how
to
work
out
the
difficult
math
problem,he
asked
the
teacher
for
help.(原因状语)
因为不知道如何解出这道数学难题,他向老师求助。
Working
hard,you’ll
succeed.(条件状语)
只要努力学习,你就会成功。
Weighing
one
hundred
jin,the
stone
was
moved
by
him
alone.(让步状语)
这块石头虽然重达百斤,但还是被他一个人移开了。
Their
car
was
caught
in
a
traffic
jam,thus
causing
the
delay.(结果状语)
他们的车遇上了交通拥堵,结果导致了迟到。
The
children
ran
out
of
the
classroom,laughing
and
talking
happily.(伴随状语)
孩子们快乐地说着、笑着跑出了教室。
Reaching
his
arm
long
enough,the
boy
got
the
dictionary
down
from
the
top
of
the
bookshelf.(方式状语)
那个男孩把胳膊伸长,取下了书架顶端的字典。
Watching
the
football
match
attentively,Tom
received
a
phone
call
from
his
father.(时间状语)
正专注地看着足球赛,汤姆收到了他父亲的来电。
文化意识
Qomolangma(珠穆朗玛峰)
珠穆朗玛峰(简称珠峰)是喜马拉雅山脉的主峰,同时也是世界上海拔最高的山峰,位于中国与尼泊尔边境线上,北部在中国西藏定日县境内,南部在尼泊尔境内,是中国跨越四个县的珠穆朗玛峰自然保护区和尼泊尔国家公园的中心所在。
珠穆朗玛峰的高度,尼泊尔等国采用的雪盖高(总高)是8
848米,与中国测绘工作者1975年的珠峰测量值一致;中国采用的是2005年中国国家测绘局测量的岩面高(裸高,即地质高度)为8
844.43米。
高分写作
请观察自然界中的蚂蚁,并写一篇以“A
life
lesson
from
ants”为题的短文。
一、审题定调
1.确定体裁:该篇习作应以记叙文的形式书写。该话题对学生来说比较熟悉,但要根据提示合理发挥,拓展主题。
2.确定人称:本文的主要人称为第一人称。
3.确定时态:时态以一般过去时为主。
二、谋篇布局
为使文章能够连贯通顺,习作内容应包括以下三个方面:
1.自己与蚂蚁之间的故事;
2.从中学到了什么;
3.带来的人生启迪。
三、组织语言
1.核心词汇
so
close
如此接近;
这么密切;
如此亲密
perseverance
坚持不懈;
锲而不舍;
毅力
as
a
result因此
one
by
one一个接一个
day
in
and
day
out日复一日
2.高级句式
(1)蚂蚁农场日复一日地证明,团队精神和毅力确实是成功的两个关键因素。
Day
in
and
day
out,the
ant
farm
demonstrated
that
teamwork
and
perseverance
are
indeed
two
key
ingredients
to
success.
(2)还有直到最近我才意识到一个更大的教训,灾难是生命的自然部分。
It
was
not
until
recently
that
I
realised
there
was
an
even
larger
lesson
that
disaster
is
a
natural
part
of
life.
四、连句成文
参考范文:
A
life
lesson
from
ants
I
learned
about
a
life
lesson
from
an
ant
farm.When
I
was
seven
years
old,we
brought
some
ants
from
the
backyard
and
placed
them
into
the
new
home.On
the
fifth
day,a
disaster
struck
the
ant
farm.While
I
was
observing
the
ants,I
put
my
face
so
close
to
the
structure
that
I
accidentally
tipped
it
over,caving
in
all
the
tunnels.As
a
result,one
by
one
they
began
to
die.
Over
the
years,I
came
to
realise
the
ants
were
able
to
create
an
amazing
world
for
themselves
by
working
together.Day
in
and
day
out,the
ant
farm
demonstrated
that
teamwork
and
perseverance
are
indeed
two
key
ingredients
to
success.
It
was
not
until
recently
that
I
realised
there
was
an
even
larger
lesson
that
disaster
is
a
natural
part
of
life.Unlike
the
ants,humans
cannot
give
up
when
they
face
disappointment.Instead,we
have
to
realise
that
if
a
tunnel
caves
in,we
just
have
to
build
another.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.There
are
so
many
words
of
(智慧)in
Chinese
history.?
答案:wisdom
2.Both
poets
drew
their (灵感)from
the
countryside.?
答案:inspiration
3.The
police
had
to
(运用)force
to
enter
the
building.?
答案:employ
4.After
retirement,he
lived
a
(乡村的)way
of
life.?
答案:rural
5.Nowadays
more
and
more
people
fall
in
(抑郁)illness.?
答案:depressive
6.The
(纯净)of
water
is
tested
regularly.?
答案:purity
7.He
(辞职)as
manager
8
years
ago.?
答案:resigned
8.When
her
husband
left
home,she
felt
(冷落).?
答案:rejected
9.Most
of
the
students
(获得)
five“A”
grades
in
their
exams.?
答案:attained
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Superficially,Tao
Yuanming
and
Henry
David
Thoreau
shared
respect
for
nature
that
made
them
an
1.
(influence)figure
of
their
day.
Both
men
made
dramatical
transformations
to
their
lives
in
order
to
reconnect
2.
nature.As
an
official,Tao
felt
3. (conflict)
over
life
at
court
and
succeeded
in
4. (find)
contentment
in
its
simplicity.Thoreau
lived
in
a
cottage
in
the
forest,
5.
(focus)
on
himself
and
his
writing.Thoreau’s
6.
(describe)
of
nature
emphasised
the
beauty
and
purity
of
the
wild
areas
around
him.7.
(devote)
himself
to
observations
of
the
natural
phenomena,he
recorded
his
detailed
findings
in
his
journals.?
influential
with
conflicted
finding
finding
descriptions
Devoting
We
should
live
with
them
in
8. (harmonious)
and
enjoy
nature’s
gifts.It
takes
considerable
courage
to
reject
the
easy
and
familiar
and
instead
try
to
live
closer
to
nature,9. both
Tao
and
Thoreau
did.Their
choices
led
them
to
quiet
and
reflective
lives
10. fewer
material
desires.?
harmony
as
with(共7张PPT)
单元重点小结
主题语境人与自然和谐相处
重点词汇
1.inspire
v.使产生某种感情或者反应;给人灵感;鼓励,激励
inspire
sb
to
do
sth激发某人做某事
draw
inspiration
from从……中吸取灵感
under
the
inspiration
of
sb在某人的鼓舞下
2.shape
v.塑造,使成形 take
shape成形 in
shape健康状况良好 out
of
shape健康状况不好
3.appear
v.似乎 It
appears
that...……显得
appearance
n.出现,露面
disappear
v.消失,不见 disappearance
n.消失,不见
4.base
v.以……为基础 base...on...在……的基础上建立
base
n.底部,根基;大本营
5.absorb
v.吸收;理解;吸引 absorb
sth
into
sth把……吸收入…… be
absorbed
in/into吸引
6.create
v.创造,创建;发明 creator
n.创造者
creative
adj.有创造性的 creativity
n.创造性,创造力
7.convert
v.转换,转变 convert
sb
to
sth改变观点或者信仰、原则
convert
sth
to/into
sth把……转变成……
8.respond
v.作出反应,回应 in
response
to
sth对……做出回应
9.harmony
n.和声;融洽相处,相协调
in
harmony
with
sth与……和谐/协调
harmonize
v.和谐,使一致 harmonious
adj.关系融洽的,和谐的
10.vary
v.相异,不同,有别
vary
with/from...to.../between...and...改变,变动,变化
various
adj.不同的,各种各样的
variety
n.不同种类,多样性
11.determine
v.决定;影响;查明
determined
adj.意志坚定的,有决断的
12.imitate
v.效仿,模仿 imitation
n.仿制品
13.seek
solutions
to
sth寻求解决方法 solve
v.解决,解答
14.avoid
v.避免,防止;避开,躲避 avoid
doing
sth避免做某事
avoidable
adj.可以避免的 avoidance
n.避免,回避
15.performance
n.表演,演出;表现,性能 performer
n.表演者,表现者 perform
v.执行,履行;表演
16.influential
adj.有很大影响的,有支配力的
influence
v.影响,起作用 n.影响,作用
influence
upon/on
sb/sth对……产生影响
17.in
return
作为回报 in
turn轮流;相应地
18.reaction
n.反应,回应
react
v.反应,对……作出反应
react
with同……反应 react
to对……反应
19.reluctant
adj.不情愿的;勉强的 be
reluctant
to
do不情愿做某事
20.resign
oneself
to使自己安于某事/做某事
resigned
adj.屈从的,顺从的 resign
from
辞职,放弃
resign
one’s
post/position辞职
be/seem
resigned
to
sth/doing
sth准备忍受或容忍某事物
21.reject
v.拒绝接受;不予考虑 reject
sb/sth拒绝某人/某物 rejection
n.拒绝,否决
重点句式
1.It
is
natural
to
think
in
this
way,but
of
course
it
wasn’t
the
umbrella
that
inspired
the
flower
or
the
roof
that
inspired
the
pine
cone.
2.Nowhere
is
this
better
illustrated
than
in
the
beautiful
Lingering
Garden
of
Suzhou.
3.When
solving
a
design
problem,you
can
sometimes
look
to
nature
for
a
solution.
4.Devoting
himself
to
observations
of
the
natural
phenomena,he
recorded
his
detailed
findings
in
his
journals.
重点语法
1.To
learn
a
foreign
language
well
is
not
easy.
2.They
decided
to
have
a
peaceful
talk.
3.My
dream
is
to
be
a
teacher.(共43张PPT)
Section
B Using
language
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.
n.池塘?
2.
v.播种?
3.
n.智慧?
4.
v.使用,运用?
5.
adj.令人惊叹的
n.印象
v.印象?
6.
n.表演 v.表演 n.表演者?
7.avoid
v. ?
8.outstanding
adj. ?
pond
sow
wisdom
employ
impressive
impression
impress
performance
perform
performer
避免
杰出的
重点短语
1.be
supposed
to
do
?
2. 帮助某人某事?
3. 对……有好处?
4.
从……获取灵感,启发?
5.
寻找某事的解决办法?
6. 形成?
7. 从……中学到?
8. 作为……而出名
应该做,被期望做而没做
help
sb
with
sth
be
good
for
take/draw
inspiration
from
seek
solutions
to
sth
come
into
being
learn
from
be
known
as
重点句式
1.Nowhere
is
this
better
illustrated
than
in
the
beautiful
Lingering
Garden
of
Suzhou.
2.When
solving
a
design
problem,you
can
sometimes
look
to
nature
for
a
solution.
重点语法
动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Sometimes
you
will
find
it
hard (make)
it
on
your
own.?
2.I
don’t
know
what (do)
next.?
3.Do
you
have
any
questions (ask)??
4.I’m
happy
(find)
many
things
I
can
do.?
5.My
chief
purpose
is (help)
overcome
the
difficulties
you
meet
with.?
to
make
to
do
to
ask
to
have
found
to
help
Ⅲ.选词填空
1.As
we
all
know,China
is
now
a
country,and
there
are
many
fields
in
the
following
years.(developing,to
develop)?
2. several
times,the
professor
expects
no
one him
during
the
experiment.(disturbed,to
disturb)?
3.Though
in
public
is
a
bit
difficult
for
me,I’ll
try
my
best
well.(performing,to
perform)?
developing
to
develop
Disturbed
to
disturb
performing
to
perform
重点词汇
1.Visitors
are
also
supposed
(explore)
it
scene-by-scene.游客们也应该一景一景地去探索它。
(p.53)?
【词汇精讲】
be
supposed
to
do
sth(按规定、习惯、安排等)应当,应该,须
You’re
supposed
to
ask
the
teacher
if
you
want
to
leave
the
classroom.
如果你想离开教室,应该先问问老师。
The
meeting
was
supposed
to
take
place
on
Tuesday,but
we’ve
had
to
postpone
it.
这个会本应该星期二举行,但我们不得不把它推迟了。
【词汇拓展】
I
suppose
so.我认为可以/是这样。
supposed
adj.误以为的,所谓的
This
is
the
opinion
of
the
supposed
experts.
这是所谓专家们的看法。
2.This
could
vary
from
a
view
of
a
pond
and
the
splashing
of
fish,to
a
tree
in
blossom,a
pagoda
or
a
moon-shaped
gate.这些景致不同,从池塘和跳跃的鱼,到开花的树、宝塔和月亮形状的门。(p.53)
【词汇精讲】
vary为动词,表示“相异,不同,有别”,常用于短语vary...from...之中,其形容词为various。
The
students’
work
varies
considerably
in
quality.
学生作业的质量参差不齐。
【词汇拓展】
vary
with/from...to.../between...and...改变,变动,变化
various
adj.不同的,各种各样的
variety
n.不同种类,多样性
The
menu
varies
with
the
seasons.
菜单随季节变化。
She
took
the
job
for
various
reasons.
由于种种原因,她接受了这份工作。
We
need
variety
in
food.
我们需要多样的食物。
3.determined
by
the
changes
in
the
position
of
the
sun由太阳的位置决定(p.53)
determine
the
best
time
to
sow
and
harvest 决定最好的播种和收获时间(p.53)
【词汇精讲】
determine为动词,表示“决定;影响”之意,同时它还有“查明”的意思。
A
date
for
the
meeting
has
determined.
会议日期已定。
The
result
is
determined
by
many
factors.
结果由许多因素决定。
We
set
about
determining
exactly
what
happened
that
night.
我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。
【词汇拓展】
determined
adj.意志坚定的,有决断的
determination
n.决心,决定
determining
factors
决定因素
a
determined
person
一个意志坚定的人
I’m
determined
to
succeed.
我决心要获得成功。
4.This
approach,called
biomimicry,studies
and
imitates
nature’s
designs
and
processes
to
seek
solutions
to
human
problems.这种方法称为仿生学,研究和模仿大自然的设计和过程,以寻求解决人类问题的办法。
(p.54)
【词汇精讲1】
imitate为及物动词,表示“效仿,模仿”。
Do
kids
really
imitate
the
violence
they
see
on
TV?
小孩子真会模仿在电视上看到的暴力吗?
【词汇拓展】
imitation
n.模仿,效仿
Children
learn
a
lot
by
imitation.
孩子通过模仿学到很多东西。
【词汇精讲2】
seek
solutions
to寻求解决方法
Russian
Defense
Minister
is
trying
to
seek
political
solutions
to
crises
in
the
Middle
East.
俄罗斯国防部长正试图寻求解决中东危机的政治办法。
【词汇拓展】
solve
v.
解决,解答
solution
n.解决办法;答案
The
police
haven’t
been
able
to
solve
the
murder
yet.
警察至今未能侦破这宗谋杀案。
5.But
how
do
they
avoid
crashing
into
each
other?但是它们是如何避免互相碰撞的呢?(p.54)
【词汇精讲】
avoid
v.避免,防止;避开,躲避
The
accident
could
have
been
avoided.
这个事故本来是可以避免的。
I’ve
been
avoiding
getting
down
to
work
all
day.
我一整天都刻意不投入工作。
【词汇拓展】
avoid
doing
sth避免做某事
avoidable
adj.可以避免的
avoidance
n.避免,回避
We’d
better
avoid
being
late
for
class.
我们最好避免上学迟到。
Many
deaths
from
heart
disease
are
actually
avoidable.
许多因心脏病造成的死亡实际上是可以避免的。
6.As
a
land
species,how
can
we
improve
our
performance
in
water?作为陆地的一个物种,我们怎样改进我们在水中的表现呢?(p.54)
【词汇精讲】
performance为名词,在该句子中表示“表现”;同时,它还有“表演,演出,性能;做,履行”等意。
When
will
the
performance
begin?
演出什么时候开始呢?
It
was
an
impressive
performance
by
the
Chinese
volleyball
team.
那是中国排球队一次令人叹服的表现。
He
didn’t
want
to
repeat
performance
of
defeat.
他不想重复失败的耻辱。
【词汇拓展】
performer
n.表演者,表现者
perform
v.执行,履行;表演;做
perform
well表现好
He
was
a
poor
performer
at
school
and
left
with
no
qualification.
他在学校里表现不佳,没有获得毕业证。
This
operation
has
never
been
performed
in
the
country.
这个国家从来没有做过这个手术。
重点句式
1.Nowhere
is
this
better
illustrated
than
in
the
beautiful
Lingering
Garden
of
Suzhou.最能说明这一点的莫过于美丽的苏州留园。(p.53)
【句式剖析】nowhere
是否定词,表示否定意义的词位于句首,后面的句子要部分倒装。如never,seldom,hardly,little,by
no
means,not
only,not
until,at
no
time,on
no
account等。
At
no
time
are
you
allowed
to
smoke
here.
这里绝不允许吸烟。
Never
have
I
seen
such
a
beautiful
girl.
我从来没见过这么漂亮的女生。
【句式拓展】nowhere和比较级better连用表示最高级的意思。类似的结构还有can’t/couldn’t...too/enough/more。
Nowhere
else
in
the
world
can
one
find
a
better
place
than
this,I
think.
我认为世上再也找不到比这还要好的地方了。
I
couldn’t
thank
you
enough.
我对你感激不尽。
I
couldn’t
agree
with
you
more.
我完全同意你。
2.When
solving
a
design
problem,you
can
sometimes
look
to
nature
for
a
solution.解决设计问题时,有时可以从自然中寻找解决方案。(p.54)
【句式剖析】When
solving
a
design
problem在句中作状语,solving和逻辑主语you之间是主动关系,When和solving中间省略了you
are。
When
(I
was)
walking
in
the
street
yesterday,I
came
across
a
friend
whom
I
hadn’t
seen
since
gruduation.
昨天走在街上,我遇到了一个自从毕业后再也没见过面的朋友。
【句式拓展】带连词的分词短语作状语,如果分词和主句的主语是主动关系则用现在分词,如果是被动关系则用过去分词。使用类似结构常见的连词还有if,unless,while,though
等。
If
going
there
by
plane,we
will
pay
twice
as
much.
如果乘飞机去那儿,我们将付双倍的钱。
While
walking
along
the
street
early
in
the
morning,he
saw
her.
清晨在街上散步时,他看见了她。
Even
though
given
every
opportunity,they
would
not
try.
即使给予一切机会,他们也不会尝试。
重点语法
动词不定式
一、概念
动词不定式是非谓语动词形式的一种。它的基本形式是“to
+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。在句中不能作谓语,可以作主语、宾语、表语、状语等。
二、构成
1.不定式的一般式
肯定结构:to
do 否定结构:not
to
do
Banks
actively
encourage
people
to
borrow
money.银行积极鼓励人们贷款。
Teachers
told
us
not
to
be
late
for
class.老师告诉我们上课不要迟到。
2.不定式的进行时
肯定结构:to
be
doing 否定结构:not
to
be
doing
The
boy
pretended
to
be
reading.那个男孩儿假装正在读书。
3.不定式的完成时
肯定结构:to
have
done 否定结构:not
to
have
done
She
remembers
to
have
seen
the
film
before.她记得之前好像看过这部电影。
三、
不定式的用法
1.不定式作主语
当动词不定式作主语时,不定式可直接放在谓语动词前的主语位置,此时谓语为单数;也可用it作形式主语,真正主语就是不定式,置于后边。
To
learn
a
foreign
language
well
is
not
easy.学好一门外语不是那么容易。
To
get
up
early
is
necessary.早起有必要。
It’s
important
for
you
to
walk
after
supper.晚饭后散步很重要。
2.不定式作宾语
(1)有些动词用不定式作宾语,常见的这类动词有
decide,plan,refuse,need,forget,stop,remember,promise,agree,wish,hope,happen等;有些动词后常跟形式宾语it,to
do为真正宾语,这些动词常见的有think,make,find,feel等。
They
decided
to
have
a
peaceful
talk.他们决定进行和平对话。
I
hope
to
visit
the
Great
Wall
again.我希望下次还能去长城。
He
refused
to
do
me
a
favour.他拒绝帮我的忙。
I
happened
to
have
met
her
in
the
park.我碰巧在公园遇见了她。
They
found
it
important
to
learn
English
well.他们发现把英语学好很重要。
I
think
it
my
honour
to
work
with
her.我认为跟她一起工作是我的荣幸。
(2)一些动词后常用不定式to
do作宾语的补足语,表示to
do的动作是由宾语所做的;如encourage,ask,tell,want等一些动词。
The
teacher
encouraged
his
students
to
work
hard.
这位老师鼓励他的学生努力学习。
The
police
ask
us
to
obey
the
traffic
rules.
警察要求我们遵守交通规则。
(3)注意一些使役动词let,make,have和感官动词feel,watch,see,hear,notice等动词的主动用法后常用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,被动需还原出to。
Let
me
help
you.让我帮助你吧。
Mary
made
the
little
boy
cry.玛丽把那个小男孩儿弄哭了。
The
little
boy
was
made
to
cry
by
Mary.小男孩儿被玛丽弄哭了。
3.不定式作表语
不定式作表语时通常放在be,become,seem,appear,get,sound,look,grow等系动词后面,不定式是对主语的具体说明,主语通常为dream,business,wish,plan,duty,idea等词,也可以是what等引导的名词性从句等。当然在一些情况下,如主语被不定式修饰时或主语为what引导且带有do的主语从句时等,不定式to可以省略。
My
dream
is
to
be
a
teacher.我梦想成为一名老师。
His
duty
is
to
clean
the
room.他的职责是打扫房子。
What
I
suggest
is
to
start
work
at
once.我所建议的是立刻开始工作。
To
see
is
to
believe.眼见为实。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.It
is
exciting
(hear)
the
news.?
答案:to
hear
2.They
refused
(cooperate)
with
us.?
答案:to
cooperate
3.We
all
believe
it
important
(have)
fresh
air.?
答案:to
have
4.There
are
several
tips
(form)
a
good
habit.?
答案:to
form
5.He
feels
it
his
duty
(help)
me.?
答案:to
help
6.He
has
no
idea
how
(deal)
with
such
problems.?
答案:to
deal
7.I’d
be
the
first (admit)
I
might
be
wrong.?
答案:to
admit
8.The
purpose
of
education
is
(develop)a
fine
personality
in
children.?
答案:to
develop
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我建议你累了就休息一下。
My
suggestion
is
when
you
feel
tired.?
答案:to
have
a
break
2.妈妈总是让我独立做作业。
I
do
homework
by
myself.?
答案:was
often
made
to
3.越来越多的人开始意识到健康的重要性。
An
increasing
number
of
people
are
beginning the
importance
of
good
health.?
答案:to
realise
4.爬山是一项好的运动,它对健康有益。
Climbing
is
a
good
sport,which
health.?
答案:is
beneficial
to
5.我认为被邀请在这儿发言是我的荣幸。
I
think
it
my
honour
speak
here.?
答案:to
be
invited
toUnit
5
Learning
from
nature
Section
A Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.A
large
amount
of
solar
energy
has
been
(convert)
into
electrical
energy
since
amounts
of
advanced
equipment
were
introduced.?
答案converted
2.The
film
was
(base)
on
World
War
Ⅱ.?
答案based
3.Do
you
mind
(feed)
the
pet
for
me
at
noon??
答案feeding
4.He
has
been
(explore)
his
maximum
potential
in
the
past
decade.?
答案exploring
5.What
is
(convey)
here
to
children
is
that
reading
is
one
of
life’s
greatest
treats.?
答案conveyed
6.I
waved
to
Nancy,but
she
was
absorbed
in
her
thought,and
made
no
(respond).?
答案response
Ⅱ.短语填空
take
it
for
granted;feed...with;in
harmony
with;be
based
on
1.He
had
that
this
delightful
young
woman
was
as
gentle
as
she
looked.?
答案taken
it
for
granted
2.If
men
can’t
live
nature,the
balance
will
be
destroyed.?
答案in
harmony
with
3.Don’t
believe
what
he
said.His
story
nothing.?
答案is
based
on
4.The
children
were
the
monkey
bananas.?
答案feeding;with
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.说是一回事,做是一回事。
is
one
thing,while
to
do
is
another.?
答案To
say
2.我们需要把我们的思想建立在真实的知识之上。
We
need
some
actual
knowledge
our
thinking.?
答案on
which
to
base
3.香格里拉,一个美丽神秘的地方,在那里人们的确与大自然和谐相处。
Shangrila
is
a
place
of
mystery
and
beauty
where
people
live
.?
答案in
harmony
with
nature
4.对工作方式做一些小的改变会比较容易。
It’s
quite
easy
to
make
quite
small
changes
to
you
work.?
答案the
way
that
5.不是你说的,而是你做的才是关键。
(用强调句式)
but
what
you’ve
done
that
really
matters.?
答案It
is
not
what
you’ve
said
6.不是我们做了多少而是我们在所做的事情中投入了多少爱让我们受益。
It
is
not
but
how
much
love
we
put
into
what
we
do
that
benefits.?
答案how
much
we
do
素养提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
I
can
hear
the
sound
of
insects
and
feel
autumn
is
nearing.This
means
my
year
of
study
at
Nara
University
of
Education
is
coming
to
an
end.
The
time
I’ve
spent
here
has
flown
by
so
quickly.It
seems
as
if
I
came
here
a
month
ago,but
in
reality
I
have
to
go
home
soon.When
I
came
here,I
missed
my
family
and
friends
and
found
it
hard
to
overcome
loneliness,but
on
the
other
hand,I
was
interested
in
the
new
environment
and
had
a
lot
of
fun.
I
had
visited
Japan
three
times
before
coming
to
study
at
this
university,but
when
I
started
living
in
Japan,many
days
were
filled
with
a
mixture
of
anxiety
and
excitement.I
sometimes
made
silly
mistakes,but
I
thought
this
was
the
best
way
to
learn
about
Japanese
culture.I
was
not
the
only
one
that
was
not
accustomed
to
the
different
customs
of
Japanese
people.
My
plan
before
coming
to
Japan
was
to
make
friends
with
some
Japanese
students
in
universities.However,I
found
my
best
friends
were
those
who
came
from
other
countries.I
didn’t
know
much
about
other
countries
but
I
came
to
be
more
interested
in
them
through
making
friends
from
different
places,which
made
me
aware
of
many
differences
and
sometimes
hard-to-understand
customs.Furthermore,I
was
surprised
to
see
myself
thinking
more
about
my
own
culture
and
realised
I
should
come
to
know
it
better.
I
am
really
happy
that
I
came
to
Nara.During
my
stay,I
felt
the
closer
connection
between
humans
and
nature
here
than
in
Europe.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。通过本文,作者分享了他在国外的学习经历。
1.What
can
we
infer
from
the
third
paragraph?
A.The
author
felt
puzzled
all
the
time.
B.The
author
is
adjusted
to
the
life.
C.Many
foreigners
live
in
the
city
of
Nara.
D.Many
students
like
the
author
felt
anxious.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“many
days
were
filled
with
a
mixture
of
anxiety
and
excitement.”和“I
was
not
the
only
one
that
was
not
accustomed
to
the
different
customs
of
Japanese
people.”可知,许多像作者这样的学生感到焦虑。故选D项。
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“them”
in
paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.Different
countries.
B.Different
cultures.
C.Many
different
places.
D.Foreign
students.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I
found
my
best
friends
were
those
who
came
from
other
countries.I
didn’t
know
much
about
other
countries
but
I
came
to
be
more
interested
in
them
through
making
friends
from
different
places,”我发现我最好的朋友是来自其他国家的朋友。我对其他国家不太了解,但我通过结交来自不同地方的朋友对它们更感兴趣。由此推知,此处them指的是different
countries,故选A项。
3.What
do
we
know
about
the
Japanese
according
to
the
text?
A.They
value
their
lives
much
more.
B.They
are
difficult
to
get
along
with.
C.They
are
mindful
of
protecting
the
environment.
D.Many
Europeans
love
to
make
friends
with
them.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,日本人注意保护环境。故选C项。
4.What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
text?
A.To
look
back
on
his
study.
B.To
call
on
readers
to
visit
Nara.
C.To
show
the
beauty
of
Japanese
culture.
D.To
share
his
experience
of
studying
abroad.
答案D
解析写作意图题。根据第一段和最后一段可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是分享他在国外的学习经历。故选D项。
B
That
month,when
earthquakes
rocked
Southern
California
on
back-to-back
days,it
was
a
shocking
reminder
that
we
may
one
day
experience
the
“Big
One”,a
quake
with
the
power
to
kill
and
destroy.However
a
few
people
saw
something
else:a
photo
opportunity.
Tourists
flocked
to
a
large
crack
in
a
highway
to
see
evidence
of
the
damage
for
themselves
and,of
course,take
a
quick
selfie(自拍).
It
was
only
the
latest
example
of
how
our
modern
love
of
sharing
photos
we
take
of
ourselves
in
notable
situations
is
colliding
with
nature
and
the
world,often
in
confusing
and
even
dangerous
ways.
In
Canada,a
sunflower
farm
barred
visitors
last
year
after
selfie-seekers
destroyed
flowers
and
left
the
land
looking
like
a“zombie
apocalypse”(僵尸启示录).In
Spain,a
man
was
gored
in
the
neck
last
weekend
while
trying
to
take
a
video
selfie
at
the
annual
running
of
the
bulls
in
Pamplona.
The
selfie
phenomenon
entered
the
mainstream
after
Apple
and
other
phonemakers
added
front-facing
cameras
starting
in
2010,the
same
year
Instagram
and
other
photo-sharing
apps
were
becoming
popular.From
2011
to
2017,more
than
250
people
died
while
taking
selfies,according
to
a
study
by
researchers
in
India,which
had
by
far
the
highest
number
of
such
deaths,followed
by
Russia
and
the
United
States.Many
died
after
drowning,falling
or
being
attacked
by
an
animal.Most
were
under
the
age
of
30.
It’s
easy
to
be
uncomfortable
with
selfies
and
even
mock
them,especially
when
they’re
risky
or
in
bad
taste.But
some
researchers
have
explored
different
questions:Why
do
we
take
selfies?Can
they
ever
be
a
healthy
form
of
expression?Can
selfies
be
used
for
good?
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。我们为什么热爱自拍?文章用南加州地震后人们除了亲眼看见损坏的裂缝还快速自拍的例子引出话题:我们会在重要场合分享照片,甚至往往是以令人困惑甚至危险的方式。
5.Why
does
the
author
mention
the
earthquake
happened
in
Southern
California?
A.To
show
how
severe
the
earthquake
is.
B.To
warn
the
readers
of
the
dangers
in
the
earthquake.
C.To
introduce
the
risky
behaviour
of
the
crazy
selfie
takers.
D.To
show
how
scared
people
are
when
earthquake
happened.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第三段可知作者提到了发生在南加州的地震是为了介绍疯狂自拍者的冒险行为。故选C项。
6.The
sunflower
farm
in
Canada
barred
visitors,because .?
A.there
are
too
many
visitors
B.the
farm
used
to
be
devastated
by
selfie-seekers
C.the
sunflowers
are
supposed
to
be
well
protected
D.the
farm
owner
did
not
want
others
to
enjoy
the
beautiful
sunflowers
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In
Canada,a
sunflower
farm
barred
visitors
last
year
after
selfie-seekers
destroyed
flowers
and
left
the
land
looking
like
a
‘zombie
apocalypse’”可知,去年加拿大的向日葵农场禁止游客进入,因为该农场曾被自拍爱好者破坏。故选B项。
7.What
is
the
right
order
of
the
following
countries
according
to
the
number
of
selfie
deaths?
A.The
US,India,Russia.
B.Russia,the
US,India.
C.India,Russia,the
US.
D.India,the
US,Russia.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“From
2011
to
2017,more
than
250
people
died
while
taking
selfies,according
to
a
study
by
researchers
in
India,which
had
by
far
the
highest
number
of
such
deaths,followed
by
Russia
and
the
United
States.”可知自拍死亡人数最多的国家分别是印度、俄罗斯和美国。故选C项。Unit
5
Learning
from
nature
Section
B Using
language
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The
actors
(inspire)the
kids
with
their
enthusiasm.?
答案inspired
2.He
was (astonish)to
learn
he
had
won
the
competition.?
答案astonished
3.The
police
(observe)
the
man
enter
the
bank.?
答案observed
4.I
question
the
(wise)
of
giving
a
child
so
much
money.?
答案wisdom
5.
(surround)by
a
couple
of
policemen,the
thief
is
unlikely
to
run
away.?
答案Surrounded
Ⅱ.短语填空
succeed
in;be
supposed
to;help
with;care
for;seek
solutions
to
1.I
thought
we
be
paid
today.?
答案were
supposed
to
2.She
always
the
housework.?
答案helps
with
3.We
the
global
crisis.?
答案sought
solutions
to
4.I
tried
to
discuss
it
with
her
but
only
making
her
angry.?
答案succeeded
in
5.She
moved
back
home
to
her
elderly
parents.?
答案care
for
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.他们成功地克服了各种困难。
They
have
overcoming
all
the
difficulties.?
答案succeeded
in
2.两位诗人都从农村获得灵感。
Both
poets
the
countryside.?
答案drew
their
inspiration
from
3.科学家正在寻找解决能源问题的办法。
Scientists
are
energy
problems.?
答案seeking
solutions
to
4.我们听到他们队得了冠军很惊讶。
We
hear
that
their
team
had
won
the
champion.?
答案were
astonished
to
素养提升
Ⅳ.七选五
If
anyone
had
told
me
three
years
ago
that
I
would
be
spending
most
of
my
weekends
camping,I
would
have
laughed
heartily.Campers,in
my
eyes,were
people
who
enjoyed
insect
bites,ill-cooked
meals,and
uncomfortable
sleeping
bags.They
had
nothing
in
common
with
me. 1 ?
The
friends
who
introduced
me
to
camping
thought
that
it
meant
to
be
a
pioneer. 2
We
slept
in
a
tent,cooked
over
an
open
fire,and
walked
a
long
distance
to
take
the
shower
and
use
the
bathroom.This
brief
visit
with
Mother
Nature
cost
me
two
days
off
from
work,recovering
from
a
bad
case
of
sunburn
and
the
doctor’s
bill
for
my
son’s
food
poisoning.?
I
was,nevertheless,talked
into
going
on
another
fun-filled
holiday
in
the
wilderness. 3
Instead,we
had
a
pop-up
camper
with
comfortable
beds
and
an
air
conditioner.My
nature-loving
friends
had
remembered
to
bring
all
the
necessities
of
life.?
4
We
have
done
a
lot
of
it
since.Recently,we
bought
a
twenty-eight-foot
travel
trailer
complete
with
a
bathroom
and
a
built-in
TV
set.There
is
a
separate
bedroom,a
modern
kitchen
with
a
refrigerator.The
trailer
even
has
matching
carpet
and
curtains.?
5
It
must
be
true
that
sooner
or
later,everyone
finds
his
or
her
way
back
to
nature.I
recommend
that
you
find
your
way
in
style.?
A.This
time
there
was
no
tent.
B.Things
are
going
to
be
improved.
C.The
trip
they
took
me
on
was
a
rough
one.
D.I
was
to
learn
a
lot
about
camping
since
then,however.
E.I
must
say
that
I
have
certainly
come
to
enjoy
camping.
F.After
the
trip,my
family
became
quite
interested
in
camping.
G.There
was
no
shade
as
the
trees
were
no
more
than
3
feet
tall.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法,以前对野营活动嗤之以鼻,但经过几次野营后慢慢喜欢上了野营。
1.D 根据上文“They
had
nothing
in
common
with
me”说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者,而下文主要描述的是“我”从最开始进行“rough
travel”到有了“pop-up
camper”再到有了
trailer
的过程,在这个过程中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加,对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长,上下文呈转折关系。D项意为“然而在那之后我将会学到很多关于野营的知识”,起到转折作用,引出下文,符合语境。故选D项。
2.C 由下文“We
slept
in
a
tent,cooked
over
an
open
fire,and
walked
a
long
distance
to
take
the
shower
and
use
the
bathroom”可知,“我”的野营条件非常艰苦。C项意为“他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦”,引出下文,符合语境。故选C项。
3.A 由下文“Instead,we
had
a
pop-up
camper
with
comfortable
beds
and
an
air
conditioner”可知,空格处是与下文形成转折的内容,而“我”此次旅行用了展开式营房。A项意为“这一次没有帐篷”,与上文形成转折,符合语境。故选A项。
4.F 由第三段第一句中的“going
on
another
fun-filled
holiday”可知,“我”对这次旅行非常满意,而由下文“We
have
done
a
lot
of
it
since”可知,“我们”都爱上了野营。F项意为“从这次旅行后,我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣”,承上启下,符合语境。故选F项。
5.E 由下文“sooner
or
later,everyone
finds
his
or
her
way
back
to
nature”可知,“我”希望每个人都能找到回归自然的方式,形成这一观点的前提是“我”自己已经爱上了野营。E项意为“我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了”,引出下文,符合语境。故选E项。
Ⅴ.完形填空
Events
began
to
unfold
on
Saturday
on
the
beach
when
Amy
and
her
husband
saw
their
two
sons
screaming
for
help
in
the
sea.The
couple
tried
to
rescue
the
boys, 1
they
also
became
caught
in
the
riptide(激流).Several
other
family
members, 2
to
save
the
struggling
boys,became
trapped
as
well. 3
there
was
no
lifeguard
there.The
4
was
getting
more
serious.Beach
goers
started
5
the
crowd
of
onlookers
to
form
a
human
chain.Although
several
of
them
couldn’t
6
swim
themselves,they
linked
arms
and
7
into
the
sea.Among
the
onlookers
was
Simmons.As
she
watched
the
human
chain
8
to
the
victims,she
knew
that
she
could
help.“I
am
a(n)
9
swimmer,”
Simmons
said,“I
was
10
I
could
get
them
to
the
human
chain.”?
Simmons
and
her
husband
helped
the
two
boys
11
the
human
chain.Then,they
went
back
for
Amy.When
the
last
12
was
brought
back
to
the
beach,the
crowd
cheered.Over
eighty
onlookers
formed
a
human
chain
to
save
nine
people
from
a
13
riptide.This
courageous
rescue
proves
that
anyone
14
be
a
hero.It
is
the
onlookers’
quick
action
and
15
that
saved
several
lives.?
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了海边的旁观者们形成人链把九个人从危险的激流中拯救出来的故事。
1.A.but B.and
C.since
D.while
答案A
解析考查连接词辨析。句意:这对夫妇试图营救两个儿子,但他们也被激流困住了。根据上下文语境可知为转折关系,故选A项。
2.A.managing
B.attempting
C.failing
D.refusing
答案B
解析考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“to
save
the
struggling
boys”可知其他几个家庭成员也试图拯救挣扎的男孩。故选B项。
3.A.Eventually
B.Fortunately
C.Hopefully
D.Unluckily
答案D
解析考查副词词义辨析。根据下文“there
was
no
lifeguard
there”可知不幸的是,那里没有救生员。故选D项。
4.A.atmosphere
B.environment
C.situation
D.position
答案C
解析考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知没有救生员,情况越来越严重。故选C项。
5.A.appealing
for
B.calling
out
C.taking
on
D.turning
down
答案A
解析考查动词短语辨析。根据下文“the
crowd
of
onlookers
to
form
a
human
chain”可知是呼吁围观的人群组成一条人链。故选A项。
6.A.also
B.even
C.still
D.already
答案B
解析考查副词词义辨析。根据上文couldn’t可知虽然他们中的一些人甚至自己都不会游泳。故选B项。
7.A.jumped
B.fled
C.marched
D.dived
答案C
解析考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“they
linked
arms
and”可知他们还是挽起手臂,大步走向大海。故选C项。
8.A.stretch
B.rush
C.climb
D.roll
答案A
解析考查动词词义辨析。根据下文to
the
victims可知人和人组成的链条伸向了受害者。故选A项。
9.A.clumsy
B.awful
C.superb
D.common
答案C
解析考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“I
could
get
them
to
the
human
chain.”可知她水性非常好。故选C项。
10.A.persuaded
B.convinced
C.concerned
D.informed
答案B
解析考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知西蒙斯说自己水性非常好因此确信可以把他们带到人链上。故选B项。
11.A.reach
B.separate
C.fasten
D.cut
答案A
解析考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知是帮助两个男孩到达人链。故选A项。
12.A.onlooker
B.lifeguard
C.victim
D.rider
答案C
解析考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“was
brought
back
to
the
beach,the
crowd
cheered”可知是受困者被带回海滩。故选C项。
13.A.calm
B.mild
C.poisonous
D.dangerous
答案D
解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意:八十多名围观者组成一条人链,把九个人从危险的激流中救了出来。激流是“危险的”,故选D项。
14.A.must
B.should
C.can
D.shall
答案C
解析考查情态动词。句意:这次勇敢的营救证明了任何人都能够成为英雄。故选C项。
15.A.caution
B.skill
C.competence
D.bravery
答案D
解析考查名词词义辨析。句意:正是旁观者的迅速行动和勇敢救了几条生命。旁观者们是勇敢的。故选D项。
Ⅵ.语法填空
Li
Ziqi,a
vlogger,has
over
6
million
fans
on
YouTube,1. (make)
her
the
second
most
influential
vlogger
from
China
on
the
international
video-sharing
platforms.?
Li,2. young
woman
born
in
1990,looks
elegant
with
long
braids(辫子),always
wearing
delicate
traditional
3. (dress).She
started
shooting
short
videos
in
2016,inspired
by
the
self-sufficient
lifestyle
of
ancient
Chinese
people.In
her
videos,she
has
picked
ripe
cherries
to
make
jam
and
4.(harvest)
peaches
to
make
sweet
wine.?
Most
viewers
find
that
the
lifestyle
and
the
landscapes
5. (display)
in
Li’s
videos
help
them
find
inner
peace
and
give
them
a
psychological
break
from
6.(they)
busy
urban
routine.One
comments,“I
have
respect
and
7. (admire)
for
this
woman.Not
just
from
what
I
see
in
the
videos,8.the
fact
that
she’s
bringing
back
to
life
an
archaic(古色古香的)
way
of
doing
things.”?
Aside
from
showing
how
to
cook,Li
has
even
shown
other
ancient
skills,such
as
dyeing
cloth
and
making
furniture.She
has
impressed
her
viewers
9.the
charm
of
China’s
traditional
handicrafts
and
techniques.
“As
an
10. (increase)
influential
vlogger,”
she
says,“I
hope
I
can
show
the
world
the
wonderful
cultural
heritage
of
China.”?
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。讲述了一位非常有影响力的视频博主李子柒本人及其视频带给人们的收获和享受,她向世界展示了精彩的中国文化遗产。
1.making 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词has,此处用非谓语动词,主语Li
Ziqi和动词make是逻辑上的主动关系,此处作状语用现在分词表示自然而然的结果,故填making。
2.a 考查冠词。此处指李子柒是一个女孩,表示“一个”,空后单词young开头是辅音音素,故填a。
3.dresses 考查名词。此处表示她总是穿着精致的传统服装,dress是可数名词
,表示泛指,用名词复数,故填dresses。
4.(has)harvested 考查时态语态。和and前的has
picked并列,用现在完成时。也可以和picked并列共用一个助动词has,故填(has)harvested。
5.displayed 考查过去分词。句中宾语从句的主语“the
lifestyle
and
the
landscapes”和动词display是逻辑上的被动关系,此处用过去分词作后置定语,故填displayed。
6.their 考查代词。此处和busy
urban共同修饰名词routine,用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
7.admiration 考查名词。此处和and
前的respect并列,作have的宾语,用名词,故填admiration。
8.but 考查连词。此处表示“不但……而且……”,故填but。
9.with 考查介词。impress
sb
with
sth表示“给某人深刻印象”,故填with。
10.increasingly 考查副词。修饰形容词influential用副词,故填increasingly。
