课时作业16 Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Volunteering
abroad
has
the
power
to
change
you
in
unexpected
ways.It
isn't
like
your
__1__
trip
abroad.Sometimes
these
changes
are
clear
while
other
times
they're
__2__，hard
to
define.But
how
will
a
volunteer
trip
abroad
affect
you?
I
can't
say
exactly
how，but
I
can
help
you
__3__
your
experience
or
take
the
impact(影响)
you
will
make
into
__4__
by
sharing
how
volunteering
in
India
changed
my
life—__5__，is
still
changing
my
life.
I
knew
I
was
traveling
to
India
to
teach
English
at
a
primary
school，__6__
I
didn't
know
it
would
bring
about
new
__7__.
I
worked
with
local
teachers
and
students
while
volunteering
__8__.
Their
knowledge
and
experiences
were
different
from
my
own，so
at
first
it
was
difficult
to
__9__.
However，after
some
time，I
began
to
understand
and
wanted
to
learn
more
about
their
culture
which
__10__
helped
make
me
a
more
culturally
__11__
person.
And
working
in
a
__12__
environment
gave
me
the
chance
to
improve
my
cross?cultural
communication
skills
and
__13__
new
personal
and
professional
skills.It
also
taught
me
that
I
had
little
__14__
for
certain
things.Although
I
liked
communicating
with
my
students，I
__15__
that
I
didn't
enjoy
being
a
teacher.After
returning
home
from
volunteering，I
once
wondered
if
my
__16__
of
volunteering
abroad
had
__17__
been
the
right
act.Thanks
to
my
personal
experience，I
became
__18__
about
spreading
responsible
volunteerism.
Now
three
years
later，I
take
up
my
__19__
here
at
Go
Overseas
as
their
Volunteer
Abroad
Director
__20__
I'm
actively
finding
ways
to
educate
others
on
responsible
volunteering.
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者通过自己在国外做志愿者的经历告诉我们，在帮助他人的同时，我们也会有更大的收获。
1．A.average
B．random
C．expensive
D．interesting
答案：A
解析：去国外做志愿者不同于一般的国外旅行。average“普通的，一般的，典型的，平均的”，符合语境。
2．A.temporary
B．complex
C．vague
D．changeable
答案：C
解析：while前后的内容形成对比，前面说有时这些变化是明显的，故此处指其他时候它们是模糊的，很难界定。temporary“短暂的，临时的”；complex“复杂的，难懂的”；vague“模糊的，不明确的”；changeable“可能变化的，易变的”。故选C项。
3．A.evaluate
B．arrange
C．predict
D．record
答案：A
解析：根据上文中的“I
can't
say
exactly
...help
you”以及下文作者通过分享自己在印度做志愿者的经历来说明国外的志愿者工作给他带来变化的内容可知，此处指的应是作者能帮助你评估你的经历，故选evaluate“评估，评价”。arrange“安排，筹备”；predict“预言，预报”；record“记录，记载”。
4．A.consideration
B．practice
C．effect
D．mind
答案：A
解析：根据语境及上文中的“I
can
help
you
__3__
your
experience
or
...”可知，这里说的应是帮助你考虑一下你将(给别人)带来的影响。take
sth.
into
consideration是固定搭配，表示“考虑到某事，把某事考虑进去”。practice“实践，实际行动”；effect“效应，影响”；mind“大脑，心思”。
5．A.for
a
while
B．rather
than
C．or
rather
D．in
a
word
答案：C
解析：本句中的“is
still
changing
my
life”是对前面的“changed
my
life”的进一步解释，故选or
rather，表示“更确切地说”。for
a
while“暂时，一会儿”；rather
than“而不是”；in
a
word“总之”。
6．A.for
B．and
C．but
D．thus
答案：C
解析：前后句之间存在语意上的转折关系，故用转折连词but。
7．A.anxieties
B．interest
C．anger
D．expectations
答案：B
解析：根据下文的内容“I
began
to
understand
and
wanted
to
learn
more
about
their
culture”可知，在印度某小学教英语的经历引起了作者新的兴趣。anxiety“担心，担忧”；interest“兴趣”；anger“愤怒，怒火”；expectation“期望，期待”。故选B项。
8．A.continuously
B．occasionally
C．regularly
D．internationally
答案：D
解析：根据文中的“Volunteering
abroad”“in
India”“traveling
to
India”等信息可知，作者到印度进行的是跨国性的志愿者活动，故选internationally“国际性地，世界地”。continuously“持续地，不间断地”；occasionally“偶尔，间或”；regularly“定期地，定时地”。
9．A.believe
B．relate
C．memorize
D．change
答案：B
解析：此处指“他们的知识和经历跟我的不同，因此起初我在理解上有困难”。believe“相信，认为”；relate“认同，理解”；memorize“记忆，记住”；change“改变，变化”。下文中的“I
began
to
understand”是提示。
10．A.in
return
B．in
particular
C．in
all
D．in
turn
答案：D
解析：此处指“然而，一段时间之后，我开始理解并想更多地了解他们的文化，这反过来(in
turn)帮助我成为一个更有文化意识的人”。in
return“作为回报”；in
particular“尤其”；in
all“总共”。
11．A.different
B．intelligent
C．aware
D．alert
答案：C
解析：参见上题解析。different
“不同的”；intelligent
“聪明的”；aware
“意识到的”；alert
“警觉的”。
12．A.strange
B．relaxing
C．tough
D．comfortable
答案：A
解析：根据上文提到的作者在印度当志愿者可知，此处指的是“在陌生的环境中工作使我有机会提升跨文化交流技能和开发新的个人技能和专业技能”。strange“不熟悉的，陌生的”，符合语境。relaxing“令人放松的，轻松的”；tough“艰苦的，艰难的”；comfortable“舒服的，舒适的”。
13．A.make
up
B．bring
up
C．build
up
D．put
up
答案：C
解析：参见上题解析。make
up“组成，编造”；bring
up“提出”；build
up“开发，增强”；put
up“建造，张贴”。
14．A.talent
B．preparation
C．respect
D．affection
答案：D
解析：根据下文的内容“I
didn't
enjoy
being
a
teacher”可知，此处指它也告诉作者，他对某些事情不怎么有兴趣，即他并不是很喜欢做某些事情。talent“天赋”；preparation
“准备”；respect“敬意，重视”；affection“喜爱”。
15．A.supposed
B．discovered
C．agreed
D．pretended
答案：B
解析：根据空后的“I
didn't
enjoy
being
a
teacher”可知，此处指作者虽然喜欢与他的学生们沟通，但他发现自己不喜欢做老师。故discover“发现，发觉，认识到”符合语境。suppose“假设，假定”；agree“同意”；pretend“假装”。
16．A.choice
B．promise
C．wish
D．response
答案：A
解析：根据语境可知，此处指作者回家之后，曾经琢磨过自己去国外做志愿者的选择是否确实是正确的行为。故选choice“选择，抉择”。promise“承诺，许诺”；wish“愿望，希望”；response“回应，答复”。
17．A.hopefully
B．actually
C．surprisingly
D．eventually
答案：B
解析：参见上题解析。hopefully“有希望地”；actually“的确，事实上”；surprisingly“出人意料地，令人惊讶地”；eventually“最后，终于”。
18．A.particular
B．curious
C．enthusiastic
D．sensitive
答案：C
解析：根据语境及下文中的“I'm
actively
finding
ways
to
educate
others
on
responsible
volunteering”可知，作者热衷于传播可信赖的志愿服务。particular“挑剔的，讲究的”；curious“好奇的”；enthusiastic“热心的，热衷的”；sensitive“敏感的”。故选C项。
19．A.story
B．point
C．position
D．hobby
答案：C
解析：本句中的“Volunteer
Abroad
Director”是作者在Go
Overseas
的职位，故选position“职位，职务”。
20．A.where
B．which
C．what
D．when
答案：A
解析：此处指“三年后，我担任了Go
Overseas的Volunteer
Abroad
Director，在Go
Overseas，我积极地寻找方法来教别人有关可信赖的志愿服务方面的内容”。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，故选where。
A
When
we
see
a
person
in
deep
sorrow,
our
immediate
reaction
is
to
lend
a
hand.
Not
to
do
so
would
be
a
moral
failure.
But
what
if
we
see
an
animal
in
deep
sorrow,
does
the
same
logic
apply?
This
question
was
raised
following
the
“rescue”
of
a
group
of
penguins
from
an
icy
gully
in
Antarctica.
It
was
filmed
for
the
BBC
wildlife
series
Dynasties.
The
film
crew
was
alarmed
when
they
saw
that
a
group
of
penguins
had
fallen
into
a
gully
and
been
trapped
with
their
young.
The
crew
dug
a
shallow
ramp
so
that
a
few
of
the
penguins
could
save
themselves.
The
case
has
taken
the
international
media
by
storm.
Viewers
watching
this
episode
let
out
a
sigh
of
relief
on
social
media.
“I'm
so
glad.
I
understand
not
getting
directly
involved,
but
a
helping
hand
isn't
intervening
right？”
viewer
Kathryn
Shaw
tweeted.
However,
others
think
that
human
intervention
is
unnatural.
It's
an
unwritten
rule
among
documentary
filmmakers
that
they
are
there
to
observe,
not
to
intervene,
according
to
CBS
News.
For
example,
in
another
episode
of
Dynasties,
David
the
chimpanzee,
was
left
to
die
after
he
was
filmed
being
beaten
up
by
other
chimps.
“Tragedy
is
a
part
of
life.
You
can't
have
sunshine
throughout
your
life.
To
have
done
anything
else
would
only
make
matters
worse
and
distort
(扭曲)
the
truth，”
said
the
show's
creator
David
Attenborough，according
to
The
Times.
In
this
case,
however,
Mike
Gunton,
the
executive
producer
of
the
series,
said
that
this
was
a
one?off
situation.
“There
were
no
animals
going
to
suffer
by
intervening.
It
wasn't
dangerous.
You
weren't
touching
the
animals
and
it
was
just
felt
by
doing
this...they
had
the
opportunity
to
not
have
to
keep
slipping
down
the
slope，”
he
told
the
BBC.
Such
cases
are
familiar
to
Paul
Nicklen,
wildlife
photographer
for
National
Geographic.
“I
have
a
practical
view
when
it
comes
to
the
natural
rhythm
(节律)of
life，”
he
told
Metro.
“If
it's
ever
a
dangerous
situation,
no
matter
how
gut?wrenching,_you
stay
out
of
the
way.
Even
when
you
are
watching
a
male
polar
bear
eat
the
young.”
But
he
said
that
he
would
help
animals
if
he
saw
no
real
gain
or
disruption
(扰乱)
to
the
ecosystem.
Indeed,
there
will
always
be
two
sides
to
the
coin,
and
human
beings
will
forever
be
conflicted
in
such
circumstances.
“There's
no
rule
book
in
those
situations.
You
can
only
respond
to
the
facts
that
are
right
there
in
front
of
you，”
Will
Lawson,
the
show's
director,
told
Daily
Mail.
这是一篇议论文。短文主要叙述了在南极洲冰冷的沟壑“拯救”企鹅这件事引起了国际媒体的强烈反响，引发了人们对野生动物干预的激烈讨论。
1．The
case
has
taken
the
international
media
by
storm
because
________.
A．people
all
over
the
world
prefer
documentaries
of
Antarctica
B．people
were
very
curious
about
how
the
penguins
died
C．what
the
film
crew
did
upset
people
all
over
the
world
D．it
has
caused
a
heated
discussion
on
human
intervention
in
wildlife
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第五段“However,
others
think
that
human
intervention
is
unnatural.
It's
an
unwritten
rule
among
documentary
filmmakers
that
they
are
there
to
observe,
not
to
intervene,
according
to
CBS
News.”
可知，然而，也有人认为人类的介入是不自然的。据哥伦比亚广播公司新闻报道，在纪录片摄制者中，这是一个不成文的规则，他们只是在那里观察，而不是干预。该案件引起了国际媒体的强烈反响，因为它引发了人们对野生动物干预的激烈讨论。故D选项正确。
2．The
underlined
word
“gut?wrenching”
in
Paragraph
9
probably
means
________.
A．highly
embarrassing
B．slightly
worrying
C．very
comforting
D．extremely
upsetting
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。由第九段“Even
when
you
are
watching
a
male
polar
bear
eat
the
young.”可知，画线词所在句应意为“如果这是一个危险的情况，无论多么痛苦，你都不能阻止”。所以第九段中的“gut?wrenching”一词可能指的是
extremely
upsetting“极度令人难过的”。故D选项正确。
3．From
this
essay,
we
can
learn
that
human
intervention
________.
A．is
a
topic
rarely
mentioned
by
international
media
B．once
resulted
in
chimpanzee's
death
directly
C．is
usually
not
expected
in
making
documentary
films
D．surely
breaks
the
natural
rhythm
of
life
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由短文倒数第三段“‘I
have
a
practical
view
when
it
comes
to
the
natural
rhythm
(节律)of
life，’
he
told
Metro.
‘If
it's
ever
a
dangerous
situation,
no
matter
how
gut?wrenching,_you
stay
out
of
the
way.
Even
when
you
are
watching
a
male
polar
bear
eat
the
young.’”可知，他告诉Metro，“说到生活的自然节奏，我有一个实际的观点。如果这是一个危险的情况，无论多么痛苦，你都不能阻止。甚至当你看着一只雄性北极熊吃掉自己的幼崽。”所以通过所说的内容可以推测出，制作纪录片时通常不会进行人为干预。故C选项正确。
B
Nearly
20
US
states
have
started
carrying
out
former
president
Barack
Obama's
Clean
Power
Plan,
which
places
limits
on
carbon
dioxide
emissions
from
power
plants
in
an
effort
to
reduce
the
impacts
of
climate
change.
The
plan
has
been
in
legal
limbo
(边缘)
for
the
past
year.
Yet
scientists
have
now
calculated
another
outcome
of
the
policy:
harm
to
crop
yields
(产量)
if
the
plan
is
cancelled.
Along
with
carbon
pollution,
coal?fired
power
plants
spew
(喷出)
pollutants
that
form
what
we
know
as
smog.
The
contribution
of
smog
to
increased
rates
of
asthma
(哮喘)
and
premature
deaths
was
already
known.
The
new
research
estimates
the
extent
to
which
smog,
under
air?pollution
policies?4n
place
before
the
Clean
Power
Plan,
would
limit
production
in
2020
of
four
major
crops:
corn,
cotton,
potatoes
and
soybeans.
Led
by
environmental
engineer
Shannon
L.
Capps,
now
at
Drexel
University,
the
team
also
sketched
the
extent
to
which
those
crop
production
losses
would
reduce
under
three
nationwide
scenarios
(方案).
One
improved
the
efficiency
of
individual
power
plants.
Another
modeled
a
policy
similar
to
the
Obama
plan,
setting
state
CO2
emissions
goals
for
the
electricity
department.
A
third
established
a
tax
on
carbon
emissions,
under
which
emissions
fell
the
most.
But
the
greatest
drop
in
smog?forming
pollutants—and
greatest
gains
in
crop
yields—came
from
policies
such
as
the
Clean
Power
Plan.
Researchers
calculated
how
well
each
scenario
would
reduce
the
potential
productivity
loss
(PPL)
of
each
crop.
PPL
is
a
projected
value
for
2020
and
indicates
how
much
crop
growth
would
suffer
because
of
smog.
Scenario
2
most
closely
agrees
with
results
expected
from
the
Clean
Power
Plan.
本文为记叙文。美国近20个州开始执行前总统奥巴马的清洁能源计划。该计划限制发电厂的二氧化碳排放，以减少气候变化的影响。
4．What's
the
main
purpose
of
the
Clean
Power
Plan?
A．To
offer
clean
power.
B．To
limit
CO2
emissions.
C．To
slow
climate
change.
D．To
increase
crop
production.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“in
an
effort
to
reduce
the
impacts
of
climate
change.”可知前总统奥巴马的Clean
Power
Plan是为了减少对气候变化的影响。故选C。
5．The
latest
research
shows
that
smog
may
cause
________.
A．asthma
B．early
deaths
C．heart
disease
D．crop
production
loss
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The
new
research
estimates
the
extent
to
which
smog,
...would
limit
production
in
2020
of
four
major
crops”可知smog会导致农作物减产，故选D。
6．What
can
we
infer
from
Paragraph
2?
A．Scenario
3
was
intended
to
increase
taxes.
B．Scenario
2
increased
crop
yields
most.
C．Scenario
1
didn't
have
any
effect
on
crop
yields.
D．The
three
scenarios
were
made
at
Drexel
University.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Another
modeled
a
policy
similar
to
the
Obama
plan”以及最后一句“and
greatest
gains
in
crop
yields—came
from
policies
such
as
the
Clean
Power
Plan.”可知方案二对于农业产量的提升最有帮助。故选B。
7．What's
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A．US
states
restart
the
Obama's
Clean
Power
Plan
B．The
Clean
Power
Plan
was
called
off
C．Three
scenarios
benefit
crop
yields
D．Smog
does
harm
to
people's
health
答案：A
解析：标题判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“Nearly
20
US
states
have
started
carrying
out
former
president
Barack
Obama's
Clean
Power
Plan”，以及后文论证该计划对气候和农作物产量的益处，可知A为最佳标题。
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Polar
bears
are
suffering
in
a
__1__
(warm)
world
than
ever
before.
Polar
bears
live
in
environments
too
cold
for
most
animals.
During
much
of
the
year,
they
live
and
hunt
on
the
__2__
(freeze)
Arctic
sea
ice.
Nature
has
prepared
them
for
the
cold
conditions
but
nothing
has
prepared
the
bears
for
the
danger
that
__3__
(threat)
the
only
home
they
know.
The
scientists
have
drawn
a
__4__
(conclude)
that
the
polar
bears'
world
is
melting.
Studies
show
that
the
polar
ice
has
reduced
__5__
9.8%
every
10
years
since
1978.Now
about
20,000
to
25,000
polar
bears
live
in
the
Arctic.
Polar
bears
depend
on
the
sea
ice
for
their
__6__
(survive).
“The
sea
ice
is
more
than
just
this
platform
that
the
bears
walk
over.”
As
Andrew
Derocher,
a
scientist
who
studies
North
American
polar
bear
populations
puts
__7__，
“Only
__8__
polar
ice
melts
quite
slowly
can
they
survive
on
the
earth.”
Some
melting
and
refreezing
of
the
polar
ice
is
natural.
But
in
a
warmer
world,
these
cycles
speed
up,
and
bears
have
less
time
__9__
(hunt).
Normally,
they
have
three
months
in
the
spring
when
they
gain
more
weight.
The
extra
fat
is
used
later,
when
the
bears
are
not
__10__
(active)
hunting.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变暖导致北极的冰加速融化，使北极熊的生存条件受到极大的威胁，科学家说只有北极的冰融化得相当缓慢，北极熊才能在地球上生存。
1．warmer
解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：北极熊正在经受一个比以往任何时候都温暖的世界。根据than判断此处应该使用形容词比较级，故填warmer。
2．frozen
解析：考查形容词。句意：在一年的大部分时间里，它们在冰冻的北冰洋冰面上生活和捕猎。修饰名词Arctic
sea
ice应用形容词frozen“冰封的”。
3．is_threatening/threatens
解析：考查时态。句意：大自然已经为它们准备好面对寒冷的环境，但是当危险威胁到它们唯一的家园时，没有什么能够让它们做好准备。此处为谓语，应该用threat的动词形式threaten，讲述的是客观事实，而且还可能持续下去，所以用一般现在时或现在进行时，定语从句的先行词为the
danger，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数，故填is
threatening/threatens。
4．conclusion
解析：考查名词。句意：科学家们得出结论——北极熊的世界正在融化。本空作动词drawn
的宾语，故应用名词conclusion“结论”，draw
a
conclusion意为“得出结论”。
5．by
解析：考查介词。句意：研究表明，自1978年以来，北极冰层每十年减少9.8%。表示增加或减少的幅度应用介词by。
6．survival
解析：考查名词。句意：北极熊依靠海冰生存。本空作介词for的宾语，故应用名词survival“生存”。
7．forward
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：正如研究北美北极熊种群的科学家Andrew
Derocher
提出的，只有北极的冰融化得相当缓慢，北极熊才能在地球上生存。put
forward意为“提出”，故本空应填forward。
8．if
解析：考查状语从句。根据句意可知，only
if条件句位于句首时，主句谓语用部分倒装，only
if意为“只有”。
9．to_hunt
解析：考查不定式。句意：一些北极冰融化和再结冻是正常的，但在一个温暖的世界里，这种循环会加快，北极熊的捕猎时间也会减少。本空修饰抽象名词time，故应用不定式作定语。
10．actively
解析：考查副词。句意：多余的脂肪会在以后北极熊不积极捕猎的时候使用。本空修饰动词hunting，故应用副词actively“积极地”。
PAGE
9课时作业17 Using
language
A
“Developed
and
developing
nations
can
learn
from
each
other
seeking
a
low?carbon
economy.
In
terms
of
energy
saving
and
green
economy,
China
doesn't
lag_behind
developed
nations，”
said
Zhou
Changyi,
director
of
the
energy
saving
department
of
the
Ministry
of
Industry
and
Information
Technology.
“While
we
can
learn
many
aspects
from
developed
nations,
they
also
should
learn
something
from
us,
such
as
water
conservation，”
Zhou
said
in
a
speech
during
the
new
Path
of
China's
Industrialization
forum
at
the
ongoing
China
International
Industry
Fair.
He
said
industrialized
nations
and
China
are
dealing
with
different
issues
to
fight
climate
change.
The
United
Kingdom,
for
example,
is
concerned
about
transport,
buildings
and
new
energy
in
reducing
carbon
emissions.
For
China,
the
most
urgent
task
is
how
to
realize
new
type
of
industrialization
and
avoid
mistakes
that
other
countries
made
when
they
industrialized.
Swiss
power
and
automation
technology
group
ABB
called
for
a
stronger
focus
on
product
life?cycle
assessment,
or
LCA,
which
is
used
to
study
the
environmental
impact
of
a
product
from
the
research
and
manufacturing
stage
through
its
usage
and
recycling.
Tobias
Becker,
head
of
ABB's
process
automation
division
for
North
Asia
and
China,
said
LCA
is
an
effective
tool
in
helping
manufacturing
industries
to
reduce
carbon
emissions.
LCA
shows
that
industrial
customers
should
focus
on
a
product's
environmental
impact
throughout
its
life?cycle
instead
of
on
its
initial
investment.
Richard
Hausmann,
North
East
Asia
CEO
of
Siemens,
said,
“The
color
of
future
industrialization
is
green.”The
Germany
company
recently
announces
that
it
wants
to
receive
orders
worth
more
than
6
billion
Euros
(
US
8.8
billion)
for
intelligent
power
networks,
Smart
Grid,
over
the
next
five
years.
Siemens
has
set
a
20
percent
market
share
target
for
the
global
smart
grid
business.
A
smart
grid
delivers
electricity
from
suppliers
to
consumers
using
digital
technology,
advanced
sensors
specialized
computers
that
save
energy,
reduce
costs
and
increase
reliability.
The
United
States
and
China
are
considered
the
two
biggest
markets
for
smart
grid.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能电网的特点及发展趋势，表明发达国家和发展中国家就寻求低碳经济发展上可以互相借鉴，更好地实现他们共同的目标。
1．Which
of
the
following
can
best
replace
the
underlined
phrase
“lag
behind”
in
Paragraph
1?
A．Act
better
than.
B．Perform
worse
than.
C．Run
faster
than.
D．Keep
quieter
than.
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。由第一段In
terms
of
energy
saving
and
green
economy,
China
doesn't
lag_behind
developed
nations
可知，就节能和绿色经济方面，中国并不落后于发达国家。故B选项正确。
2．________
about
Smart
Grid
isn't
mentioned
in
the
text.
A．Small
in
size
B．Low?cost
C．Energy?saving
D．Security
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段save
energy,
reduce
costs
and
increase
reliability
(节能，降低成本，增加安全性)可知，A选项并未提到。故A选项正确。
3．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A．Intelligent
Power
Networks
B．Low?carbon
Economy—a
Shared
Goal
C．Two
Biggest
Markets
for
Smart
Grid
D．Developed
and
Developing
Nations
Can
Learn
from
Each
Other
答案：B
解析：标题判断题。由第一段Developed
and
developing
nations
can
learn
from
each
other
seeking
a
low?carbon
economy
(发达国家和发展中国家就寻求低碳经济发展上可以互相借鉴)以及短文主要内容判断出B选项正确。
B
People
asked
to
imagine
how
flooding
or
droughts
would
affect
particular
people
or
places
were
more
likely
to
engage
in
environmentally
friendly
actions.
Many
people
view
climate
change
as
a
distant
threat.
But
having
them
imagine
the
tangible
(有形的)
consequences
of
resulting
droughts
or
floods
may
help
change
this
idea
and
encourage
pro?environmental
behavior,
a
new
study
suggests.
Researchers
asked
93
college
students
to
read
a
report
on
temperature
anomalies
(异常)，floods
and
other
climate
change?related
events
that
have
affected
the
island.
The
scientists
then
asked
62
of
the
participants
to
write
down
three
ways
in
which
such
phenomena
might
impact
their
future
lives.
Half
the
people
in
that
group
were
instructed
to
imagine
such
situations
in
detail.
The
remaining
31
students
did
not
complete
either
the
writing
or
imagining
steps,
acting
as
a
control
group.
All
the
participants
then
rated
their
ideas
of
climate
change
risks
by
responding
to
questions
such
as
“How
likely
do
you
think
it
is
that
climate
change
is
having
serious
impacts
on
the
world？”
They
used
a
scale
from
1
(“very
unlikely”)
to
7
(“very
likely”).
The
average
score
was
higher
among
subjects
who
had
been
asked
to
envision
detailed
situations
than
among
those
who
had
not.
The
results
were
later
confirmed
in
a
second
experiment
involving
102
participants.
Participants
in
the
first
experiment
who
had
imagined
the
effects
of
climate
change
were
more
likely
to
say
they
would
use
air
conditioning
in
an
energy?saving
manner.
In
the
second
experiment,
nearly
two
thirds
of
people
in
the
visualizing
(想象)
group
signed
up
to
help
clean
a
beach,
compared
with
43
percent
in
the
nonvisualizing
one.
And
when
offered
a
choice
of
a
vegetarian
(素食主义的)or
nonvegetarian
lunch
box,
nearly
half
the
visualizers
selected
the
environmentally
friendlier
meatless
choice—compared
with
about
28
percent
of
the
nonvisualizers.
The
researchers
did
not
track
people
to
see
if
they
behaved
differently
in
their
day?to?day
lives—something
further
studies
should
examine,
says
study
co?author
Wen?Bin
Chiou.
Moreover,
the
research
“should
be
done
again
in
other
places
with
other
populations，”
says
Robert
Gifford,
a
professor
of
psychology
at
the
University
of
Victoria
in
British
Columbia,
who
was
not
involved
in
the
work.
The
findings
could
be
applied
to
raise
public
concern
about
climate
change,
Chiou
says.
For
example,
he
suggests
that
news
reports
about
the
phenomenon
could
include
vivid
descriptions
of
its
effects
on
people's
lives
and
ask
readers
to
imagine
experiencing
such
impacts.
Having
virtual?reality
demonstrations
(展示)in
local
science
museums
of
the
consequences
of
climate
change
would
be
another
way
of
putting
the
research
into
practice,
Chiou
adds.
这是一篇说明文。作者在文中向我们描述了一项新的研究：如果让人们想象干旱或洪水的后果可能有助于他们改变“气候变化是一个遥远的威胁”这个观念，并鼓励有利于环境的行为。
4．Which
of
the
following
statements
about
the
study
is
true?
A．Only
one
experiment
was
carried
out
for
the
study.
B．Professor
Robert
Gifford
played
a
key
role
in
the
study.
C．The
control
group
only
completed
the
writing
step
in
the
experiment.
D．Participants
asked
to
imagine
detailed
effects
scored
higher
than
those
who
weren't.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第四段“The
average
score
was
higher
among
subjects
who
had
been
asked
to
envision
detailed
situations
than
among
those
who
had
not”可知，被要求设想详细情景的受试者的平均得分高于未被要求设想详细情景的受试者的平均得分。故D选项正确。
5．Future
studies
will
probably
be
about
whether
________.
A．it
is
true
of
other
populations
in
other
places
B．more
money
will
be
donated
to
the
people
affected
by
climate
change?related
events
C．people
choose
vegetarian
lunch
boxes
in
their
daily
lives
D．climate
change
will
cause
people
to
think
about
joining
in
a
control
group
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段“The
findings
could
be
applied
to
raise
public
concern
about
climate
change,
Chiou
says.
For
example,
he
suggests
that
news
reports
about
the
phenomenon
could
include
vivid
descriptions
of
its
effects
on
people's
lives
and
ask
readers
to
imagine
experiencing
such
impacts.”可知，这些发现可以用来引起公众对气候变化的关注。例如，他建议关于这一现象的新闻报道可以包括其对人们生活影响的生动描述，并要求读者想象经历这样的影响。所以判断出未来的研究可能是关于气候变化是否将使人们考虑加入一个控制组。故选D。
6．To
put
the
research
into
practice,
Wen?Bin
Chiou
suggests
that
________.
A．the
government
call
on
people
to
live
a
low?carbon
life
B．people
use
air
conditioning
in
an
energy?saving
manner
C．people
experience
possible
effects
of
climate
change
through
virtual
reality
facilities
D．news
reports
provide
vivid
descriptions
of
the
effects
of
climate
change
on
peoples
lives
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段“Having
virtual?reality
demonstrations
(展示)in
local
science
museums
of
the
consequences
of
climate
change
would
be
another
way
of
putting
the
research
into
practice,
Chiou
adds.”可知，Chiou
补充说，在当地的科学博物馆里进行虚拟现实演示，展示气候变化的后果，是将这项研究付诸实践的另一种方式。故C选项正确。
7．The
passage
mainly
tells
us
that
________.
A．different
people
may
have
different
reactions
to
climate
change
B．different
forms
of
climate
change
may
affect
people's
ideas
in
different
ways
C．people
may
change
their
behavior
after
thinking
about
the
vivid
impacts
of
climate
change
D．college
students
show
great
concern
for
the
people
affected
by
climate
change
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。由短文第二段“But
having
them
imagine
the
tangible
(有形的)
consequences
of
resulting
droughts
or
floods
may
help
change
this
idea
and
encourage
pro?environmental
behavior,
a
new
study
suggests.”可知，但一项新的研究表明，让他们想象由此产生的干旱或洪水的后果可能有助于改变“气候变化是一个遥远的威胁”这一观念，并鼓励有利于环境的行为。并结合下文可知短文主要告诉我们，人们在考虑到气候变化的生动的影响后，可能会改变他们的行为。故C选项正确。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine
an
area
34
times
the
size
of
Manhattan.
Now
imagine
it
covered
ankle?deep
in
plastic
waste—a
total
of
about
19
billion
pounds
of
garbage.
__1__.
“We're
being
overwhelmed(淹没)by
our
waste，”said
Jenna
Jambeck,
an
environmental
engineer
who
led
the
2015
study
that
determined
this
astonishing
number.
__2__，
unless
something
is
done
to
stop
the
tide
of
garbage.
Plastic—a
widely?used
material—has
in
many
ways
been
a
benefit
to
humans
but
it
has
also
caused
a
growing
problem.
Today,
plastics
are
the
No.1
type
of
garbage
found
in
the
sea.
Ocean
Conservancy,
a
nonprofit
that
organizes
an
annual
coastal
cleanup
event
worldwide,
said
plastic
waste
makes
up
around
85
percent
of
the
garbage
collected
from
beaches
and
oceans.
Ocean
Conservancy
says
plastics
are
believed
to
threaten(威胁)at
least
600
different
wildlife
species(物种).
__3__；
a
growing
body
of
evidence
suggests
humans
are
consuming
plastics
through
the
seafood
we
eat.
A
research
suggests
some
plastics
could
be
poisonous
to
humans,
and
could
potentially
increase
the
risk
of
health
problems.
__4__.
At
the
Economist
World
Ocean
Summit
this
week,
ten
nations
announced
to
reduce
plastic
sea
litter
as
part
of
UN
Environment's
CleanSeas
campaign.
__5__.
Corporations
also
have
a
role,
as
do
individuals.
We
can
start
by
thinking
twice
before
using
single?use
plastic
products—and
when
we
do
use
them,
we
should
take
care
to
properly
throw
them
off
or
recycle.
A．The
following
is
what
we
should
do
B．And
it's
not
just
wildlife
that's
threatened
C．And
this
figure
is
likely
to
double
by
2025
D．But
it's
not
just
countries
that
need
to
do
their
part
E．By
2050，that
figure
is
expected
to
rise
to
1,000
pieces
F．That's
how
much
plastic
waste
ends
up
in
our
oceans
every
year
G．All
of
us
have
an
important
role
to
play
in
dealing
with
the
problems
本文属于议论文，介绍塑料垃圾问题越发严重，不但威胁野生动物，还影响人类自己，需要全世界通力合作。
1．F 解析：根据前一句Now
imagine
it
covered
ankle?deep
in
plastic
waste—a
total
of
about
19
billion
pounds
of
garbage.(想象一下它被深及脚踝的190亿磅塑料垃圾覆盖)可知，F选项“这就是每年流到海洋里面塑料垃圾的重量”与前文切题，故选F。
2．C 解析：根据后一句unless
something
is
done
to
stop
the
tide
of
garbage.(除非采取一些措施来减少垃圾)可知，C选项“预计到2025年，这个数字可能翻倍”与后文形成条件关系，切题，故选C。
3．B 解析：根据后一句a
growing
body
of
evidence
suggests
humans
are
consuming
plastics
through
the
seafood
we
eat.可知，越来越多的证据显示人类通过食用海产品也吸收了塑料。故B选项“不仅动物受到威胁”与下文形成递进关系，切题，故选B。
4．G 解析：根据本段后文ten
nations
以及Corporations
可知，这个问题需要全世界共同合作，G选项“所有人在处理这个问题上都能够起作用”切题，故选G。
5．D 解析：根据下一句Corporations
also
have
a
role,
as
do
individuals.可知，企业和个人也有作用，D选项“不仅仅是国家可以采取措施”切题，故选D。
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Summer
vacation
had
just
begun,
and
Alex
and
Maria
were
ready
to
spend
all
day
outside.
They
decided
to
walk
to
the
neighborhood
park,
where
there
was
a
river
that
they
liked
to
swim
in
when
it
was
particularly
hot.
When
they
got
to
the
river,
they
saw
that
it
was
too
deep
to
swim
in.
Alex
and
Maria
were
disappointed.
On
the
other
side
of
the
river,
about
fifty
yards
away,
there
was
a
fountain
from
which
the
water
is
flowing
out.“We
should
go
play
in
the
fountain，”
Maria
said.“How
will
we
get_there？”
asked
Alex.
Maria
looked
around
the
grassy
riverbank
and
noticed
a
few
logs
and
branches
lying
close
to
the
water.
“We
could
build
a
bridge！”
she
said.
She
ran
over
to
a
thick
log
that
looked
long
enough
to
be
placed
across
the
river.
Together,
she
and
Alex
lifted
the
log
onto
their
shoulders
and
walked
it
to
the
water.
Here,
they
stopped.
How
would
they
get
the
branch
across?
Maria
suggested
throwing
it
down
into
the
water
and
seeing
if
it
reached
the
other
side.
That
seemed
improper
to
Alex—what
if
the
branch
did
not
reach
the
other
side
of
the
river,
and
got
stuck
or
swept
away
by
the
water?
Then
they
would
be
unable
to
walk
all
the
way
across
the
river.
Maria
wondered
if
they
could
measure
the
distance
from
the
river
bank
they
stood
on
to
the
other
shore.
They
put
the
log
carefully
down
and
decided
to
test
the
distance
with
lighter,
thinner
branches.
They
found
a
few
branches
and
they
tied
the
branches
together
using
their
hair
bands.
At
their
first
attempt,
they
tied
two
branches
together
and
went
back
to
the
river
to
test
the
length.
The
branches
only
reached
the
center
of
the
water.
After
tying
two
more
branches
together
to
the
initial
branches,
Alex
and
Maria
were
able
to
get
the
thin
model
bridge
to
touch
the
far
bank.“Hooray！”
Maria
said.
“Now
we
know
how
long
the
log
needs
to
be.”
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
答案
Paragraph
1：
They
set
the
tied
branches
on
the
ground
next
to
the
log.
The
log
was
luckily
the
exact
length
of
the
tied
branches.
Alex
and
Maria
were
very
happy
and
they
placed
the
log
across
the
river.
Then
they
fixed
their
side
of
the
log
with
branches
and
rocks
before
they
walked
across
it
to
reach
the
other
side
of
the
river.
Paragraph
2：
Alex
and
Maria
managed
to
get
to
the
other
side
of
the
river.
When
they
got_there,_they
secured
the
other
side
of
the
log
with
branches
and
rocks,
too,
and
looked
back
at
their
handiwork.
It
had
been
a
good
day's
work,
and
they
were
indeed
proud
of
that.
It
really
felt
good
that
they
finally
succeeded
in
solving
the
problem
by
using
their
intelligence.
Now
they
were
free
to
enjoy
the
cool
water
in
the
fountain.
PAGE
7课时作业18 Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
I
fell
in
love
with
Yosemite
National
Park
the
first
time
I
saw
it,
when
I
was
13.
My
parents
took
us
there
for
camping.
On
the
way
out,
I
asked
them
to
wait
while
I
ran
up
to
EI
Capitan,
a
__1__
rock
of
3,300
feet
straight
up.
I
touched
that
giant
rock
and
knew
__2__
I
wanted
to
climb
it.
That
has
been
my
life's
passion
(钟爱)
ever
since—__3__
the
rocks
and
mountains
of
Yosemite.
I've
long
made
Yosemite
my
__4__.
About
15
years
ago
I
started
seeing
a
lot
of
__5__，
like
toilet
paper,
beer
cans,
and
empty
boxes,
around
the
area.
It's
__6__
me
why
visitors
started
respecting
the
place
__7__
and
treated
such
a
beautiful
home?like
place
this
way.
I
tried
__8__
trash(垃圾)myself,
but
the
job
was
too
big.
I
would
__9__
an
hour
or
two
on
the
job,
only
to
find
the
area
trashed
all
over
again
weeks
later.
Finally,
I
got
so
__10__
it
that
I
decided
something
had
to
change.
As
a
rock?climbing
guide,
I
knew
__11__
about
organizing
any
big
event.
But
in
2004,
together
with
some
climbers,
I
set
a
date
for
a
__12__.
On
that
day,
more
than
300
people
__13__.
Over
three
days
we
collected
about
6,000
pounds
of
trash.
It
was
amazing
how
much
we
were
able
to
__14__.
I
couldn't
believe
the
__15__
we
made—the
park
looked
clean!
Each
year
volunteers
come
for
the
cleanup
from
everywhere.
In
2007
alone,
2,945
people
picked
up
42,330
pounds
of
trash
and
__16__
132
miles
of
roadway.
I
often
hear
people
__17__
about
their
surroundings.
If
you
are
one
of
them,
I
would
say
the
only
way
to
change
things
is
by
__18__
rather
than
complaining.
We
need
to
teach
by
__19__.
You
can't
blame
others
__20__
you
start
with
yourself.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当作自己的家。当作者看到里面有大量的垃圾时，开始是自己捡垃圾，后来组织大家捡垃圾。由此作者明白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨。
1．A.distant
B．loose
C．narrow
D．huge
答案：D
解析：考查形容词辨析。A.distant遥远的；B.loose松的；C.narrow狭窄的；D.huge巨大的。句意：在回程的路上，我请他们等我，我跑向了巍峨的埃尔卡皮坦山，一块高达3
300英尺的巨岩。由“3,300
feet”可知，岩石很巨大。故D选项切题。
2．A.immediately
B．finally
C．gradually
D．recently
答案：A
解析：考查副词辨析。A.immediately立即；B.finally最后；C.gradually逐渐地；D.recently最近。句意：我触摸到那块巨石时，立刻知道我想攀登它。由“That
has
been
my
life's
passion
(钟爱)
ever
since”可知，从那以后，那是作者一生的钟爱。所以immediately“立即”用在这里表示作者对于这块巨石以及攀岩的喜爱。故A选项切题。
3．A.imagining
B．painting
C．describing
D．climbing
答案：D
解析：考查动词辨析。A.imagining想象；B.painting绘画；C.describing
描述；D.climbing爬。句意：从那以后，那是我一生的钟爱——攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉。由前文的“climb”可知，本句为原词再现，来说明攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉是作者的最爱。故D选项切题。
4．A.garden
B．home
C．lab
D．palace
答案：B
解析：考查名词辨析。A.garden花园；B.home家；C.lab实验室；D.palace宫殿。句意：我一直把约塞米蒂当作我的家。由下文“
beautiful
home?like
place”可知B选项切题。
5．A.material
B．resources
C．waste
D．goods
答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。A.material材料；B.resources资源；C.waste
垃圾；D.goods货物。句意：大约15年前，我开始在这个地区周围看到很多垃圾，如卫生纸、啤酒罐和空盒子。故C选项切题。
6．A.beyond
B．against
C．over
D．within
答案：A
解析：考查介词辨析。A.beyond超出；B.against反对；C.over越过；D.within在……里。句意：这让我无法理解为什么游客开始对这个地方不那么尊重，并以这种方式对待一个如此美丽的像家一样的地方。故A选项切题。
7．A.more
B．most
C．least
D．less
答案：D
解析：考查副词辨析。A.more
更多；B.most最多；C.least最少；D.less较少地。句意：这让我无法理解为什么游客开始对这个地方不那么尊重，并以这种方式对待一个如此美丽的像家一样的地方。由前文可知，游客已经污染了这个作者喜欢的地方，所以认为游客对这个地方的尊重变少了。故D选项切题。
8．A.throwing
away
B．picking
up
C．breaking
down
D．digging
out
答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。A.throwing
away扔掉；B.picking
up拾起；C.breaking
down出故障；D.digging
out挖出。句意：我尝试自己动手捡垃圾，但这项工作实在太艰巨了。由“trash”可知，pick
up“拾起”符合句意。故B选项切题。
9．A.kill
B．spend
C．wait
D．save
答案：B
解析：考查动词辨析。A.kill杀死；B.spend花费；C.wait等待；D.save节省。句意：我会捡一两个小时，才发现不出几个星期，又是遍地垃圾。故B选项切题。
10．A.satisfied
with
B．delighted
in
C．tired
of
D．used
to
答案：C
解析：考查形容词短语辨析。A.satisfied
with
对……满意；B.delighted
in高兴做某事；C.tired
of厌倦……；D.used
to过去常常。句意：最后，我厌倦了，决定改变一些东西。由前文的“only
to
find
the
area
trashed
all
over
again
weeks
later”可知，作者厌倦了。故C选项切题。
11．A.something
B．anything
C．everything
D．nothing
答案：D
解析：考查代词辨析。A.something某事；B.anything任何事情；C.everything每件事情；D.nothing没有什么。句意：作为一名攀岩向导，我对组织任何重大活动一无所知。故D选项切题。
12．A.party
B．cleanup
C．picnic
D．concert
答案：B
解析：考查名词辨析。A.party聚会；B.cleanup打扫；C.picnic野餐；D.concert音乐会。句意：但在2004年，我和其他登山者定下了一个清理日期。由下文“...come
for
the
cleanup...”可知B选项切题。
13．A.dropped
out
B．showed
up
C．looked
around
D．called
back
答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。A.dropped
out辍学；B.showed
up出现；C.looked
around环顾四周；D.called
back回电话。句意：在这一天，有超过300人来。由下文的“come”也可判断出，showed
up“出现”符合句意。故B选项切题。
14．A.demand
B．receive
C．achieve
D．overcome
答案：C
解析：考查动词辨析。
A．demand要求；B.receive接受；C.achieve
取得；D.overcome克服。句意：我们取得如此大的成就真令人惊讶。由“Over
three
days
we
collected
about
6,000
pounds
of
trash”可知，三天里，我们捡了大约6
000磅的垃圾。所以作者取得的成就令人惊讶。故C选项切题。
15．A.plan
B．visit
C．contact
D．difference
答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。A.plan计划；B.visit拜访；C.contact联系；D.difference不同。句意：我简直不敢相信我们所做的改变——公园看起来很干净！由“
the
park
looked
clean！”可知D选项切题。
16．A.crossed
B．measured
C．covered
D．designed
答案：C
解析：考查动词辨析。A.crossed穿过；B.measured测量；C.covered
覆盖；D.designed设计。句意：仅在2007年，就有2
945人参加，总共捡了42
330磅的垃圾，足以覆盖132公里的道路。由“132
miles
of
roadway”可知，
covered“覆盖”符合句意，以此说明垃圾的数量巨大。故C选项切题。
17．A.complain
B．talk
C．argue
D．quarrel
答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。A.complain抱怨；B.talk谈话；C.argue争论；D.quarrel争吵。句意：我经常听到有人抱怨自己身处的环境。由下文“complaining”可知A选项切题。
18．A.doing
B．thinking
C．questioning
D．watching
答案：A
解析：考查动名词辨析。A.doing做；B.thinking思考；C.questioning询问；D.watching看。句意：如果你是其中之一，我想说的是动手做吧，只有这样才能有所改变，而不是抱怨。捡垃圾就是行动之一，不应该一直抱怨而不去动手做。故A选项切题。
19．A.method
B．explanation
C．example
D．research
答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。A.method方法；B.explanation解释；C.example
例子；D.research研究。句意：我们需要以身作则。作者告诫他人，不要一直抱怨，要有行动，且要以身作则，因为自己和很多人就是这么做的。故C选项切题。
20．A.although
B．if
C．unless
D．when
答案：C
解析：考查连词辨析。A.although尽管；B.if如果；C.unless除非；D.when当……时。句意：除非你从自己做起，否则不能责怪其他人。分析句子可知，本句为unless引导的条件状语从句。故C选项切题。
A
Located
in
northern
Manitoba
on
the
west
side
of
Hudson
Bay,
Churchill
is
out
in
the
middle
of
nowhere.
But
polar
bears
like
it
that
way.
They
spend
summers
on
the
tundra
(苔原)
around
Churchill.
In
the
fall,
they
wait
anxiously
along
the
shore
of
Hudson
Bay
for
the
ice
to
form.
Then
they
go
out
onto
the
frozen
sea
to
hunt
ringed
seals,
their
favorite
food.
October
and
November
are
the
best
polar
bear
viewing
times.
From
tundra
vehicles,
visitors
to
Churchill
observe
the
bears.
Some
enjoy
day
trips
or
stay
overnight
on
large
tundra
vehicles
that
have
private
cabins
and
eating
facilities.
Others
stay
at
a
wilderness
lodge
on
the
bears'
migration
route
to
view
the
vigorous
creatures.
These
lodges
can
be
reached
only
by
air
and
feature
luxury
food
and
living
arrangements.
Despite
the
large
number
of
polar
bears
that
visit
Churchill
each
year,
there
is
growing
concern
about
the
animals'
future.
Because
the
earth
is
getting
warmer,
the
ice
forms
later
in
the
year
now
and
disappears
sooner
in
the
spring.
As
a
result,
polar
bears
have
less
time
to
hunt
for
seals.
Polar
bears
can
also
find
smaller
animals,
bird
eggs
and
berries
on
land,
but
this
kind
of
food
is
not
sufficient
to
support
the
animals.
Polar
bears
are
also
affected
by
plastic
and
chemicals
that
get
into
the
ocean.
A
research
project
carried
out
in
northern
Europe
has
found
high
concentrations
of
both
plastic
and
chemicals
in
the
tissue
of
polar
bears.
These
materials
and
substances
can
damage
the
animals'
internal
organs,
especially
when
the
animals
are
not
yet
mature.
Many
people
are
researching
polar
bear
health.
Their
goal
is
to
gather
the
information
that
is
needed
to
help
save
these
animals.
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了北极熊的生存环境，全球变暖对北极熊捕食的影响以及人类排入海洋的塑料和化学制品危及到了他们的生存。
1．What
does
this
article
imply
about
Churchill?
A．It's
located
in
a
very
remote
area.
B．It's
attracting
fewer
tourists
now.
C．It's
surrounded
by
smaller
towns.
D．It's
dependent
on
the
oil
industry.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由第一段Churchill
is
out
in
the
middle
of
nowhere.可知，Churchill在一个位置很偏远的地方。故A选项正确。
2．What
does
this
article
explain
about
polar
bears?
A．The
ways
in
which
they
threaten
people.
B．The
most
important
elements
of
their
diets.
C．The
mating
behavior
that
they
exhibit.
D．The
time
of
year
when
they
give
birth.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由第一段
Then
they
go
out
onto
the
frozen
sea
to
hunt
ringed
seals,
their
favorite
food.(然后他们走到冰冻的海面去猎取环斑海豹，这是它们最喜欢的食物。)以及第二段Because
the
earth
is
getting
warmer,
the
ice
forms
later
in
the
year
now
and
disappears
sooner
in
the
spring.
As
a
result,
polar
bears
have
less
time
to
hunt
for
seals.(地球正在变暖，冰形成得晚，但在春天融化得快。因此，北极熊捕食海豹的时间更少了。)可知，文章解释了北极熊饮食中最重要的元素。故B选项正确。
3．How
is
the
polar
bears'
seal
winter
hunting
season
changing?
A．It's
starting
earlier.
B．It's
becoming
colder.
C．It's
finishing
later.
D．It's
getting
shorter.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第二段Because
the
earth
is
getting
warmer,
the
ice
forms
later
in
the
year
now
and
disappears
sooner
in
the
spring.
As
a
result,
polar
bears
have
less
time
to
hunt
for
seals.可知，因为地球正在变暖，冰形成得晚，但在春天融化得快，因此北极熊捕食海豹的时间更少了。故D选项正确。
4．What
can
we
learn
about
polar
bears
from
this
article?
A．How
they
avoid
traffic
accidents.
B．How
they
learn
good
habits
from
one
another.
C．How
they're
endangered
by
pollution.
D．How
they
find
a
hiding
place
during
bad
weather.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段可知，人类排入海洋的塑料和化学制品危及到了他们的生存
。故C选项正确。
B
When
my
daughter
Sara
was
in
the
fifth
grade，she
came
to
me
with
a
problem.“Marcy
hates
me！”
she
cried.“Because
Kathy
is
my
friend，too.
She
wants
me
to
be
her
friend
and
nobody
else's.
You
talk
to
Marcy.You
tell
her
that
I
want
to
be
her
friend，but
I
can
have
other
friends，too！”
Oh！I
looked
at
her
for
a
few
moments，wondering
how
I
got
into
this
mess，when
suddenly
an
idea
came
to
me.
Picking
up
two
baskets
from
the
living
room，I
explained，“When
everyone
is
born，he
or
she
has
a
little
basket.
This
little
one
here
is
yours.
The
big
one
is
mine.
As
you
grow，so
does
the
basket.
You
can
see
your
little
basket
is
inside
mine
because
when
you
were
born，there
were
too
many
things
you
couldn't
do
for
yourself.
I
did
everything
you
couldn't
do
on
your
own.”She
nodded.
“Well，as
you
grew
older
and
began
to
do
some
things
on
your
own，I
began
placing
a
few
more
things
in
your
basket.
When
you
learned
to
tie
your
shoes，that
went
in
your
basket.”
She
said
softly，“I
can
tie
my
own
shoes.”
“Right.
As
you
grow
older，there
will
be
more
and
more
things
you
must
do
on
your
own.”
As
I
spoke，I
gradually
took
her
basket
out
of
mine
and
handed
it
to
her.“You
will
finally
carry
your
own
basket
with
things
only
you
can
do.”
She
looked
up
at
me
and
said，“I
understand.
There
are
some
things
that
I
have
to
do
for
myself
because
they
are
in
my
basket.”
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的女儿在交朋友中遇到了一些问题，无法自己处理，作者通过举例子让女儿明白了随着长大，有些事必须要自己解决。
5．What
was
Sara's
problem?
A．She
didn't
have
a
basket.
B．She
didn't
want
her
own
basket.
C．Her
mother
was
too
hard
on
her.
D．She
couldn't
deal
with
her
friendship.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Marcy
hates
me！'
she
cried.‘Because
Kathy
is
my
friend，too.She
wants
me
to
be
her
friend
and
nobody
else's.You
talk
to
Marcy.You
tell
her
that...’”可知，女儿遇到的麻烦是不会处理和别人的友谊，故选D。
6．What
did
the
author
feel
when
she
heard
her
daughter's
problem?
A．Angry.
B．Crazy.
C．Helpless.
D．Proud.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Oh！I
looked
at
her
for
a
few
moments，wondering
how
I
got
into
this
mess”可知，作者在刚开始听到女儿的麻烦时，是束手无策的。故选C项。
7．We
can
infer
that
Sara
________.
A．wouldn't
make
friends
with
Kathy
B．would
talk
to
Marcy
herself
C．was
too
young
to
deal
with
anything
D．managed
to
persuade
her
mother
to
help
her
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There
are
some
things
that
I
have
to
do
for
myself
because
they
are
in
my
basket.”可知，Sara在听了作者的教导之后，应该会自己去和Marcy谈谈。故选B。
8．Which
of
the
following
can
best
describe
the
author?
A．Wise.
B．Kind.
C．Hardworking.
D．Cruel.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。作者听到自己女儿的请求不是马上答应，而是采用一种好的方法来开导自己的女儿，让她明白其中的道理，这说明作者是非常聪明的，故选A。
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
They
had
been
on
__1__
(we)planets
for
millions
of
years，but
2018
was
the
year
several
species
__2__
(official)died
off
for
ever.Three
bird
species
went
extinct
in
2018，two
of
__3__
are
songbirds
from
northeastern
Brazil.
A
__4__
(disturb)trend
is
that
mainland
species
are
starting
to
go
extinct，rather
than
island
species.
The
species
__5__
(wipe)out
in
the
wild
resulted
from
many
factors
such
as
the
creation
of
dam
and
trapping
__6__
trade.Beyond
birds，other
animals
such
as
the
vaquita
and
the
northern
white
rhino
__7__
(be)near
the
end.We
are
currently
experiencing
the
worst
species
die?offs
since
the
__8__
(lose)of
the
dinosaurs
65
million
years
ago.
Although
extinction
is
a
__9__
(nature)phenomenon，it
occurs
at
a
rate
of
about
one
to
five
species
per
year.Scientists
estimate
we're
now
losing
species
at
1,000
to
10,000
times
the
rate.In
the
past
500
years，about
1,000
species
__10__
(go)
extinct.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述导致物种灭绝的因素。
1．our
解析：考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们一直在我们的行星里数百万年，但在2018年有几个物种正式相继灭绝。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为our。
2．officially
解析：考查副词。句意：他们一直在我们的行星里数百万年，但在2018年有几个物种正式相继灭绝。副词修饰动词，故答案为officially。
3．which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：在2018年，三种鸟类灭绝，其中两个是巴西东北部的鸣禽。此处species作先行词，指物，在介词of后面用which(指物)引导定语从句，故答案为which。
4．disturbing
解析：考查形容词。句意：一个令人不安的趋势是大陆物种开始灭绝，而不是岛上的物种。此处用形容词修饰名词，故答案为disturbing。
5．wiped
解析：考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：该物种在自然环境下灭绝是由许多因素造成的，如大坝的建立和贸易陷阱。此处The
species
和wipe之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为wiped。
6．for
解析：考查固定词组。句意：该物种在自然环境下灭绝是由许多因素造成的，如大坝的建立和贸易陷阱。trap
for
trade贸易陷阱。故答案为for。
7．are
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：除了鸟，其他动物如小头鼠海豚和北部白犀牛也即将灭绝。此处指现在的情况，句子用一般现在时态，且主语是animals，复数形式，故答案为are。
8．loss
解析：考查名词。句意：我们正在经历自6
500万年前恐龙灭绝以来最严重的物种灭绝。根据the可知此处用名词形式，故答案为loss。
9．natural
解析：考查形容词。句意：尽管灭绝是一种自然现象，但它在以每年一至五种的速度发生。此处phenomenon是名词，形容词修饰名词，故答案为natural。
10．have_gone
解析：考查现在完成时态。句意：在过去的500年里，大约1
000个物种已经灭绝了。根据In
the
past
500
years可知句子用现在完成时态，故答案为have
gone。
PAGE
9综合能力测试六(Unit
6)
时间：120分钟 满分：120分
第一部分：听力(略)
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
I
work
with
Volunteers
for
Wildlife,
a
rescue
and
education
organization
at
Bailey
Arboretum
in
Locust
Valley.
Trying
to
help
injured,
displaced
or
sick
creatures
can
be
heartbreaking;
survival
is
never
certain.
However,
when
it
works,
it
is
simply
beautiful.
I
got
a
rescue
call
from
a
woman
in
Muttontown.
She
had
found
a
young
owl
(猫头鹰)
on
the
ground.
When
I
arrived,
I
saw
a
2?to
3?week?old
owl.
It
had
already
been
placed
in
a
carrier
for
safety.
I
examined
the
chick
(雏鸟)
and
it
seemed
fine.
If
I
could
locate
the
nest,
I
might
have
been
able
to
put
it
back,
but
no
luck.
My
next
work
was
to
construct
a
nest
and
anchor
it
in
a
tree.
The
homeowner
was
very
helpful.
A
wire
basket
was
found.
I
put
some
pine
branches
into
the
basket
to
make
this
nest
safe
and
comfortable.
I
placed
the
chick
in
the
nest,
and
it
quickly
calmed
down.
Now
all
that
was
needed
were
the
parents,
but
they
were
absent.
I
gave
the
homeowner
a
recording
of
the
hunger
screams
of
owl
chicks.
These
advertise
the
presence
of
chicks
to
adults;
they
might
also
encourage
our
chick
to
start
calling
as
well.
I
gave
the
owner
as
much
information
as
possible
and
headed
home
to
see
what
news
the
night
might
bring.
A
nervous
night
to
be
sure,
but
sometimes
the
spirits
of
nature
smile
on
us
all!
The
homeowner
called
to
say
that
the
parents
had
responded
to
the
recordings.
I
drove
over
and
saw
the
chick
in
the
nest
looking
healthy
and
active.
And
it
was
accompanied
in
the
nest
by
the
greatest
sight
of
all—LUNCH!
The
parents
had
done
their
duty
and
would
probably
continue
to
do
so.
本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一个保护野生动物的志愿者组织工作，这份工作既有艰辛痛苦也有拯救生命带来的幸福。请看作者是怎么救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟的吧！
21．What
is
unavoidable
in
the
author's
rescue
work
according
to
paragraph
1?
A．Efforts
made
in
vain.
B．Getting
injured
in
his
work.
C．Feeling
uncertain
about
his
future.
D．Creatures
forced
out
of
their
homes.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“can
be
heartbreaking;
survival
is
never
certain”可知，拯救野生动物的工作有时令人心碎，因为动物不一定能活下来，也就是说可能会徒劳无功，由此可知答案为A项。
22．Why
was
the
author
called
to
Muttontown?
A．To
rescue
a
woman.
B．To
take
care
of
a
woman.
C．To
look
at
a
baby
owl.
D．To
cure
a
young
owl.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She
had
found
a
young
owl(猫头鹰)on
the
ground.”和第三段中的“I
examined
the
chick(雏鸟)and
it
seemed
fine.”可知，作者接到一个居住在Muttontown的妇女的电话，于是赶过去看看那只雏鸟的情况，由此可知答案为C项。
23．How
would
the
author
feel
about
the
outcome
of
the
event?
A．It's
unexpected.
B．It's
beautiful.
C．It's
humorous.
D．It's
discouraging.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段的描述可知，作者回到家，焦急地等待结果，结果是雏鸟的父母被雏鸟发出的声音吸引了过来，并开始照料它了。它存活下来了。结合第一段中的when
it
works,
it
is
simply
beautiful可知答案为B项。
B
Fabien
Cousteau
was
born
with
deep
love
for
the
ocean.
His
grandfather
and
his
father
were
ocean
explorers
and
documentary
filmmakers.
Fabien
spent
his
early
years
on
his
grandfather's
ships.
Today,
Fabien
follows
in
his
family's
footsteps
to
protect
the
planet's
endangered
ocean
life.
With
his
vast
knowledge
and
experience,
he
tries
to
strike
a
balance
between
environmental
problems
and
market
economies.
Fabien
is
well
known
for
his
study
of
sharks.
During
2000—2002,
he
created
a
TV
special
called
Attack
of
the
Mystery
Shark
based
on
the
shark
attacks
that
occurred
along
the
New
Jersey
shoreline
in
the
summer
of
1916.Then
in
2003—2006,
with
the
help
of
a
large
crew,
Fabien
created
a
shark
submarine
(潜艇)
that
enabled
him
to
put
himself
inside
the
shark
world,
providing
people
with
a
rare
view
of
the
mysterious
and
often
misunderstood
creatures.
For
the
next
four
years
(2006—2010),
Fabien
was
part
of
a
series
called
Ocean
Adventures,
which
offered
a
rare
look
into
some
of
the
most
fantastic
ocean
species
(物种)
and
environments.
In
2010,
Fabien
started
Plant
A
Fish,
a
nonprofit
project
for
children
to
help
restore
local
water
ecosystems
by
replanting
key
ocean
species.
Save
the
world,
one
fish
at
a
time.
The
project
is
still
in
progress
now
and
its
final
goal
is
to
plant
1
billion
“fish”
worldwide.
From
June
1
to
July
2,
2014,
Fabien
and
his
team
spent
31
days
underwater
to
research
how
climate
change
and
pollution
are
affecting
the
oceans.
Fabien's
Mission
31
broke
new
ground
by
going
deeper,
longer
and
further,
exposing
(显露)
the
world
to
the
adventure
and
the
mystique
(神秘)
of
what
lies
beneath.
Fabien
is
currently
working
on
a
documentary
film
about
the
adventures
of
Mission
31,
as
well
as
building
an
Ocean
Learning
Center
to
provide
children
around
the
world
with
the
opportunity
to
learn
about
oceans
and
engage
with
ocean
explorers
directly
through
social
media.
本文是人物类短文。主要介绍了Fabien
Cousteau因研究鲨鱼而出名，他要保护海洋濒临灭绝的动物，在海洋里进行探险研究。他和他的团队打破了以前的海洋探险的纪录，并拍摄了海洋生物纪录片。
24．What
is
Not
Fabien's
job?
A．Ocean
explorer.
B．Documentary
filmmaker.
C．Environmentalist.
D．Media
manager.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Fabien是一个Ocean
explorer(海洋探险家)、Documentary
filmmaker(纪录片的导演)；根据第一段最后一句With
his
vast
knowledge
and
experience,
he
tries
to
strike
a
balance
between
environmental
problems
and
market
economies.可知，他是一个Environmentalist(环境保护者)。没有提到他是媒体策划经理，故选D。
25．How
is
Paragraph
2
developed?
A．By
providing
facts.
B．By
offering
analyses.
C．By
making
comparisons.
D．By
drawing
conclusions.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Fabien
is
well
known
for
his
study
of
sharks.
During
2000—2002...Then
in
2003—2006...可知，第二段是用列举事实法叙述他研究的情况的。故选A。
26．We
can
learn
from
the
text
that
________.
A．Fabien's
“Plant
A
Fish”
project
has
already
achieved
its
final
goal
B．Fabien's
Mission
31
broke
the
records
of
former
ocean
explorations
C．Fabien's
TV
special
about
sharks
is
based
on
his
childhood
experiences
D．It
took
Fabien
four
years
to
produce
Ocean
Adventures
all
on
his
own
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Fabien's
Mission
31
broke
new
ground
by
going
deeper,
longer
and
further,
exposing
(显露)
the
world
to
the
adventure
and
the
mystique
(神秘)
of
what
lies
beneath.可知，Fabien's
Mission
31开辟了一条新路，他走得更深、更久、更远，把海底的冒险和神秘显示给了世人。也就是说Fabien's
Mission
31打破了以前海洋探险的纪录。故选B。
27．In
which
part
of
a
website
can
we
read
the
text?
A．Modern
Technology.
B．Space
Exploration.
C．Outstanding
Figures.
D．Fantastic
Wildlife.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。A.Modern
Technology.现代科技；B.Space
Exploration太空探险；C.Outstanding
Figures.杰出人物；D.Fantastic
Wildlife.神奇的野生动植物。根据整篇短文围绕Fabien在海洋的探险、保护海洋、拍摄纪录片等方面的贡献的介绍可知，本文属于人物类短文。故选C。
C
Alibaba
Cloud
and
the
Hangzhou
city
government
announced
the
launch
of
ET
City
Brain
2.0,
a
cloud?powered
and
AI?driven
urban
traffic?management
system
that
aims
to
increase
the
city's
efficiency.
After
over
two
years
of
testing
in
Alibaba's
home
base,
ET
City
Brain
has
become
the
new
infrastructure
(基础设施)
for
Hangzhou,
with
a
total
coverage
of
420
square
kilometers
in
area,
including
over
1,300
traffic
lights.
Over
200
traffic
officers
are
connected
via
mobile
phones,
enabling
them
to
receive
real?time
alerts
on
any
traffic?related
emergencies.
In
version
2.0,
the
system
will
optimize
the
city's
firefighting
abilities
by
providing
key
information
to
firefighters,
such
as
water
pressure,
the
number
and
position
of
fire
hydrants
(消防栓)
in
a
given
area,
the
location
of
gas
pipes
and
other
details
they
need
to
know.
The
information
is
instant,
making
the
entire
firefighting
process
faster,
safer
and
more
accurate.
City
Brain
gives
meaning
to
data.
By
using
AI
and
advanced
algorithms
(计算程序),
City
Brain
is
able
to
analyze
a
large
amount
of
data
and
turn
them
into
useful
information
in
real?time
speed.
As
a
result
of
City
Brain's
ability
to
predict
traffic
flow,
detect
accidents
and
provide
instant
feedback,
Hangzhou
has
dropped
from
5th
to
the
57th
on
the
list
of
China's
most
congested
cities.
Hangzhou
is
probably
the
only
city
that
can
tell
you
how
many
cars
are
on
the
street
at
any
given
time.
In
the
case
of
medical
emergencies,
City
Brain
is
able
to
change
traffic
lights,
so
emergency
vehicles
like
ambulances
and
fire
trucks
can
head
to
the
scene
without
interruption,
accelerating
their
arrival
time
by
49%.
Dr
Wang
Jian,
the
head
of
Alibaba's
Technology
Steering
Committee
who
invented
the
term
“City
Brain”，
said
the
system
is
designed
to
empower
a
city
to
act
quickly
and
directly.
It
is
more
than
just
about
traffic
management.
It's
really
about
how
to
make
city
more
livable
at
a
time
of
shrinking
natural
resources
around
the
globe.
“It
is
a
matter
of
sustainability,
while
using
as
little
natural
resources
as
possible，”
Wang
said.
“This
is
just
the
beginning.”
这是一篇说明文。阿里巴巴云和杭州市政府宣布推出ET
City
Brain
2.0，一个以云计算为动力、以人工智能为驱动的城市交通管理系统，旨在提高城市交通的效率。
28．What
benefit
will
ET
City
Brain
2.0
bring?
A．Lower
crime
rates.
B．Efficient
government.
C．Less
traffic
congestion.
D．Improved
medical
care.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段ET
City
Brain
2.0,
a
cloud?powered
and
AI?driven
urban
traffic?management
system
that
aims
to
increase
the
city's
efficiency.可知ET
city
Brain
2.0是一个以云计算为动力、以人工智能为驱动的城市交通管理系统，旨在提高城市的交通效率。由此可知ET
City
Brain
2.0将带来更少的交通堵塞。故选C。
29．Which
of
the
following
best
explains
“optimize”
in
paragraph
3?
A．Better.
B．Practise.
C．Operate.
D．Emphasize.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据下文the
city's
firefighting
abilities
by
providing
key
information
to
firefighters,
such
as
water
pressure,
the
number
and
position
of
fire
hydrants(消防栓)
in
a
given
area,
the
location
of
gas
pipes
and
other
details
they
need
to
know.可知系统通过向消防员提供关键信息，如水压、给定区域内消防栓的数量和位置、燃气管道的位置以及其他他们需要知道的细节，来优化和提高城市的灭火能力。故画线部分单词意思为“优化；改善”，故选A。
30．What
can
we
conclude
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．ET
City
Brain
2.0
is
a
mature
version.
B．Alibaba
targets
environmentally?friendly
development.
C．The
government
is
devoted
to
improving
the
system.
D．The
system
can
solve
the
problem
of
lack
of
resources.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一句中的“It
is
a
matter
of
sustainability,
while
using
as
little
natural
resources
as
possible，”
(这是一个可持续发展的问题，同时尽可能少地使用自然资源)可知阿里巴巴的目标是环境友好型发展。故选B。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The
cane
toad
(海蟾蜍)
was
imported
to
Australia
in
1935
to
protect
sugarcane
crops.
__31__
Experts
estimate
that
there
are
currently
over
200
million
samples
spread
across
Northern
Australia,
and
the
numbers
are
only
growing.
The
increasing
population
is
proving
to
be
deadly
for
many
native
Australian
animal
species
that
hunt
the
toads
as
food.
__32__
While
some
animals
have
learned
to
completely
avoid
the
frogs,
the
Australian
monitor
lizards
continue
to
be
killed
by
them.
The
lizards
that
catch
small
animals
love
eating
cane
toads.
__33__
It
takes
the
cane
toad
less
than
30
seconds
to
release
enough
poison
to
kill
a
lizard.
__34__
They
decided
to
train
the
lizards
to
avoid
the
cane
toads.
To
carry
out
the
idea
they
went
to
a
region
of
northwestern
Australia
that
had
not
yet
been
invaded
by
cane
toads
and
fed
the
wild
lizards
with
young
cane
toads.
Though
the
smaller
animals
release
the
same
poison
as
the
adults,
they
do
so
in
smaller
amounts.
__35__
The
researchers
say
it
took
just
one
or
two
tests
to
teach
the
lizards
to
stay
away
from
cane
toads.
They
continued
to
avoid
the
animals
even
when
the
larger
cane
toads
arrived.
A．Not
surprisingly,
their
population
has
dropped
sharply.
B．Unfortunately,
in
most
cases,
it
turns
out
to
be
their
last
meal.
C．With
very
few
natural
enemies,
their
population
began
to
grow
rapidly.
D．Now
a
team
of
researchers
came
up
with
a
good
plan
to
save
the
lizards.
E．Gradually,
the
lizards
learned
to
eat
only
the
mildly
poisonous
cane
toads.
F．Therefore,
while
the
poison
does
make
the
lizards
sick,
it
does
not
kill
them.
G．That's
because
cane
toads
release
some
deadly
poison
when
they
sense
danger.
本文为说明文。海蟾蜍于1935年被引进澳大利亚以保护甘蔗作物。由于天敌很少，它们的数量开始迅速增长。专家估计，目前澳大利亚北部有2亿多只海蟾蜍，而且这个数字还在不断增长。事实证明，对许多以蟾蜍为食的澳大利亚本土动物来说，不断增长的种群数量是致命的。目前，研究人员在探索如何教会蜥蜴远离这些海蟾蜍。
31．C 解析：根据下文Experts
estimate
that
there
are
currently
over
200
million
samples
spread
across
Northern
Australia,
and
the
numbers
are
only
growing.(专家估计，目前澳大利亚北部有2亿多只海蟾蜍，而且这个数字还在不断增长)可知，C项“由于天敌很少，它们的数量开始迅速增长”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。
32．G 解析：根据上文The
increasing
population
is
proving
to
be
deadly
for
many
native
Australian
animal
species
that
hunt
the
toads
as
food.(事实证明，对许多以蟾蜍为食的澳大利亚本土动物来说，不断增长的种群数量是致命的)可知，G项“那是因为海蟾蜍感觉到危险时会释放一些致命的毒素”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。
33．B 解析：根据上文The
lizards
that
catch
small
animals
love
eating
cane
toads.(捕捉小动物的蜥蜴喜欢吃海蟾蜍)及下文It
takes
the
cane
toad
less
than
30
seconds
to
release
enough
poison
to
kill
a
lizard.(海蟾蜍在30秒内释放出足以杀死蜥蜴的毒素)可知，B项“不幸的是，在大多数情况下，这是它们的最后一餐”符合此处语境。故B选项正确。
34．D 解析：根据下文They
decided
to
train
the
lizards
to
avoid
the
cane
toads.(他们决定训练蜥蜴以避开海蟾蜍)可知，D项“现在，一组研究人员提出了一个拯救蜥蜴的好计划”符合此处语境。故D选项正确。
35．F 解析：根据上文Though
the
smaller
animals
release
the
same
poison
as
the
adults,
they
do
so
in
smaller
amounts.(虽然较小的动物释放的毒素与成年动物相同，但它们释放毒素的量较小)可知，F项“因此，虽然毒素确实使蜥蜴生病，但它并没有杀死它们”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The
day
I
received
my
letter
of
acceptance
to
New
York
University，I
was
extremely
excited.
It
was
my
dream
university.
And
my
__36__
were
pleased
for
me.
But
they
also
hadn't
__37__
me
to
get
into
such
a
competitive
school.
In
fact,
the
best
thing
they
ever
did
for
me
was
to
__38__
me
from
doing
things
__39__—indeed,
when
I
was
in
elementary
school,
they
offered
to
buy
me
a
present
__40__
I
got
a
C.
It
__41__
when
I
was
in
the
third
grade.
An
only
child
in
an
Asian
family,
I
had
just
__42__
with
my
family
to
Los
Angeles.
Months
into
the
third
grade,
I
developed
a
strong
feeling
of
__43__
about
getting
bad
grades.
Seeing
my
anxiety,
Dad
said,
“Kate,
tell
you
what.
If
you
get
a
C
or
__44__，
I'll
buy
you
a
present.
If
you
score
higher
than
that,
I
won't
buy
you
anything，because
you
won't
__45__
it.”
Clearly
dad
wasn't
the
__46__
Asian
tiger
parent,
pressuring
me
to
work
tirelessly
for
the
best
__47__
and
neither
was
my
mom.
They
didn't
want
to
push
me.
They
wanted
me
to
be
__48__
and
healthy.
Dad's
__49__
of
a
“failing
grade”
gift
amazingly
__50__
my
worries
and
pressure.What's
more,
I
__51__
getting
A's
and
B'
s
throughout
high
school,
but
without
the
added
stress
and
fear
of
failing.
I
think
it
was
my
parents'
lack
of
stress
on
grades
that
gave
me
__52__
to
encourage
my
own
desire
for
achievements.
I
now
realize
I
was
__53__
when
I
thought
I
didn't
receive
a
present
from
my
dad
that
day.
He
gave
me
two
invaluable
__54__：
the
space
to
develop
my
own
desire
for
excellence,
and
the
healthy
mind
to
__55__
it.
本文为记叙文。作者的父母不像那种典型的亚裔式的虎爸虎妈，给孩子施压，迫使孩子努力取得好成绩，而是给他宽容的教育，希望他快乐健康。正是这种教育给了作者自行培养进取心的空间，以及实现它的健康心理。这也是爸爸给作者的两件最宝贵的礼物。
36．A.friends
B．classmates
C．teachers
D．parents
答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。A.friends朋友；B.classmates同学；C.teachers
教师；D.parents父母。根据下文“Clearly
dad
wasn't
the
__46__
Asian
tiger
parent”可知，显然，爸爸并不是典型的亚洲虎父，说明父母(parents)对作者非常满意，故选D。
37．A.persuaded
B．advised
C．recommended
D．pushed
答案：D
解析：考查语境及动词辨析。A.persuaded说服；B.advised建议；C.recommended推荐；D.pushed
推，对……施加压力。根据下文“They
didn't
want
to
push
me”可知，他们没有逼迫(push)我进入一个如此竞争激烈的学校，故选D。
38．A.discourage
B．prevent
C．inspire
D．protect
答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。A.discourage使泄气；B.prevent阻止；C.inspire激励；D.protect保护。句意：事实上，他们为我做的最好的事情是不鼓励我做到完美(perfectly)。discourage...from为固定搭配，意为“使某人泄气，不鼓励……”。故选A。
39．A.passively
B．actively
C．perfectly
D．proudly
答案：C
解析：考查副词辨析。A.passively被动地；B.actively积极地；C.perfectly完美地；D.proudly自豪地。句意：事实上，他们为我做的最好的事情是不鼓励我做到完美(perfectly)。根据下文内容及文章最后“the
space
to
develop
my
own
desire
for
excellence”提示可知，这里用与excellence意义相近的单词，故选C。
40．A.if
B．whether
C．unless
D．before
答案：A
解析：考查连词辨析。A.if如果；B.whether是否；C.unless除非；D.before在……之前。根据下文的内容可知，此处是指“事实上，爸爸在我念小学那会儿曾答应我，如果(if)我得到‘C’，他就给我买礼物”。故选A。
41．A.happened
B．remembered
C．remained
D．came
答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。A.happened发生；B.remembered记住；C.remained保持；D.came到来。本句是指“这事发生(happen)在我三年级的时候”，故选A。
42．A.moved
B．reached
C．returned
D．left
答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。A.moved搬家；B.reached
到达；C.returned返回；D.left离开。根据“An
only
child
in
an
Asian
family”可知，作者是亚洲人。因此本句句意是我刚从台湾搬(move)到洛杉矶，故选A。
43．A.anger
B．embarrassment
C．guilt
D．worry
答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。A.anger愤怒；B.embarrassment尴尬；C.guilt内疚；D.worry担忧。根据空后的“getting
bad
grades.
Seeing
my
anxiety”以及下文第50题后的“my
worries
and
pressure”可知，我有担心和压力，说明我刚搬到洛杉矶，有所担心(worry)，故选D。
44．A.higher
B．less
C．lower
D．fewer
答案：C
解析：考查形容词辨析。A.higher高的；B.less低的，少的；C.lower较低的；D.fewer较少的。根据“If
you
get
a
C
or
__44__，
I'll
buy
you
a
present.
If
you
score
higher
than
that,
I
won't
buy
you
anything”可知，如果成绩比C好的话就不买礼物，可知如果你得到C或更低(lower)，我会给你买礼物。故选C。
45．A.accept
B．receive
C．need
D．take
答案：C
解析：考查动词辨析。A.accept接受；B.receive收到；C.need需要；D.take拿。本句是说，如果你考得不好，我要买礼物来安慰你，如果你考得比较好，我什么都不会买给你的，因为你不需要(need)它(来安慰你)，故选C。
46．A.normal
B．ordinary
C．general
D．typical
答案：D
解析：考查形容词辨析。A.normal正常的；B.ordinary普通的；C.general一般的；D.typical
典型的。通过上文爸爸的话可知，显然，爸爸并不是典型的(typical)亚洲虎父，迫使我不知疲倦地为最好的成绩努力学习，故选D。
47．A.reputations
B．subjects
C．majors
D．grades
答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。A.reputations名声，声誉；B.subjects科目，主题；C.majors专业；D.grades成绩。上文第42小题至第45小题多次提到成绩(grade)，可推断出此处是指“显然，爸爸并不是典型的亚洲虎父，迫使我不知疲倦地为最好的成绩(grade)努力学习”，故选D。
48．A.friendly
B．smart
C．outgoing
D．happy
答案：D
解析：考查形容词辨析。A.friendly友好的；B.smart聪明的；C.outgoing外向的；D.happy快乐的。本小题的词义要与healthy并列，分析选项可知，D项(快乐的)与healthy是并列的。此处是指“他们希望我快乐(happy)、健康”。故选D。
49．A.suggestion
B．supply
C．purchase
D．offer
答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。A.suggestion建议；B.supply供应；C.purchase购买；D.offer提议。根据前文爸爸的许诺可知，此处是“爸爸许诺的‘不及格’礼物的提议(offer)带来了奇迹，我的焦虑得到了缓解，压力烟消云散了”。故选D。
50．A.piled
on
B．gave
out
C．removed
D．dealt
with
答案：C
解析：考查动词和动词短语辨析。A.piled
on堆积；B.gave
out释放；C.removed去除；D.dealt
with处理。此处是指爸爸的提议惊人地消除(remove)了我的担忧和压力。故选C。
51．A.held
up
B．turned
out
C．ended
up
D．set
up
答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。A.held
up举起，阻止；B.turned
out结果是，证明是；C.ended
up最终；D.set
up建立。此处是指“更重要的是，我最终(end
up)在高中时一直都是A和B的成绩”，故选C。
52．A.wish
B．time
C．room
D．opportunity
答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。A.wish愿望；B.time时间；C.room房间，空间；D.opportunity机会。句意：正是因为我父母不那么强调分数，才让我有了自行培养进取心的空间(room)。故选C。
53．A.amazed
B．wrong
C．puzzled
D．unlucky
答案：B
解析：考查形容词辨析。A.amazed惊讶的；B.wrong错误的；C.puzzled疑惑的；D.unlucky不幸的。根据空后的内容可知，是说爸爸给了我两样无价之宝。故此处是指“我当初以为自己没从爸爸那里得到礼物，现在才意识到我错了”，故选B。
54．A.gifts
B．suggestions
C．topics
D．experiences
答案：A
解析：考查名词辨析。A.gifts礼物；B.suggestions建议；C.topics话题；D.experiences经历。本句He
gave
me
two
invaluable
__54__：
the
space
to
develop
my
own
desire
for
excellence,
and
the
healthy
mind
to
__55__
it.可知，他给了我两件宝贵的礼物(gift)，故选A。
55．A.track
B．catch
C．achieve
D．act
答案：C
解析：考查动词辨析。A.track追踪；B.catch赶上，看见；C.achieve实现；D.act行动。根据语境可知，爸爸给了我两样无价的礼物：一样是自行培养追求卓越的精神的空间，另一样是实现(achieve)卓越所需要的健康心理。分析选项可知C符合题意，故选C。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
__56__
(eat)
an
egg
a
day
may
lower
your
risk
of
cardiovascular
disease,
a
study
of
more
than
400,000
adults
in
China
__57__
(suggestion)．
Daily
egg
eaters
had
an
18%
lower
risk
of
dying
from
cardiovascular
(心血管的)
disease,
__58__
manifests(表现，显现)
as
heart
attacks
and
strokes,
__59__
(compare)
with
adults
who
avoided
eggs,
according
__60__
the
research
published
Monday
in
the
journal
Heart.
__61__
(Common)
called
heart
disease,
cardiovascular
disease
includes
heart
__62__
(fail),
arrhythmias
(心律不齐)
and
heart
valve
problems
in
addition
to
strokes
and
attacks.
Raised
blood
pressure,
carrying
too
much
__63__
(weigh)
or
obesity,
and
elevated
(升高的)
blood
sugar
all
contribute
to
the
risk
of
cardiovascular
disease,
which
__64__
(cause)by
unhealthy
diet,
physical
inactivity,
smoking
and
__65__
(harm)
use
of
alcohol.
本文属于科普文，介绍每天吃一个蛋会降低心血管疾病的风险，以及心血管疾病的主要原因。
56．Eating
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：每天吃一个蛋将会降低心血管疾病的风险。分析句子可知，本句缺少主语，故用动名词作主语，故用Eating。
57．suggests
解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：每天吃一个蛋将会降低心血管疾病的风险，一份对超过40万名中国成年人的研究建议。分析句子可知，本句缺少谓语，suggest与主语report为主谓关系，故用主动语态，陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时，故用suggests。
58．which
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，manifests(表现，显现)
as
heart
attacks
and
strokes为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cardiovascular(心血管的)
disease，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which。
59．compared
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与那些不吃蛋的人相比。分析句子可知，compare在这里作状语，与其逻辑主语Daily
egg
eaters为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式compared。
60．to
解析：考查介词。本句为短语according
to根据，故用to。
61．Commonly
解析：考查副词。修饰动词called用副词Commonly。
62．failure
解析：考查名词。include为及物动词，后接名词作宾语，故用failure。heart
failure
心脏衰竭。
63．weight
解析：考查名词。句意：高血压，肥胖症，高血糖都会造成心血管疾病，这些疾病都会由不健康的饮食，缺乏锻炼，吸烟以及酗酒引发。carry为及物动词，后接名词作宾语，故用weight。
64．is_caused
解析：考查主谓一致。句意：高血压，肥胖症，高血糖都会造成心血管疾病，这些疾病都会由不健康的饮食，缺乏锻炼，吸烟以及酗酒引发。分析句子可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，从句缺少谓语，cause和cardiovascular
disease为动宾关系，故用被动语态，故用is
caused。
65．harmful
解析：考查形容词。句意：高血压，肥胖症，高血糖都会造成心血管疾病，这些疾病都会由不健康的饮食，缺乏锻炼，吸烟以及酗酒引发。修饰名词use用形容词，故用harmful。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你叫李华，你的一个室友染上了烟瘾，请你给他写封信，劝说他戒烟。
信中要说明吸烟的危害，要求有说服力，使他树立起戒烟的信心和决心。
词数：80词左右。
My_dearest_friend，
Recently_I_have_noticed_a_habit_of_yours_that_is_becoming_a_serious_problem.It's_your_smoking.Whenever_you_are_here，our_bedroom_is_filled_with_a_terrible_smell.
Smoking_does_harm_to_your_health,_especially_it_is_often_connected_with_cancer.Also_smoking_does_harm_to_the_health_of_others_around_you.Your_roommates_avoid_being_in_the_bedroom_because_it_is_being_polluted.
It_is_not_difficult_to_give_up_smoking_if_you_really_decide_to_do_so.Where_there_is_a_will，there_is_a_way.I'll_be_ready
to_help_you_if_you
need_it.
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When
I
was
in
seventh
grade,
I
was
a
candy
striper
(护士助手)
at
a
local
hospital
in
my
town.
I
volunteered
about
30
to
40
hours
a
week
during
the
summer.
Most
of
the
time
I
spent
there
was
with
Mr_Green.
He
never
has
any
visitors,
and
nobody
seemed
to
care
about
his
condition.
I
spent
many
days
there
holding
his
hand
and
talking
to
him,
helping
with
anything
that
needed
to
be
done.
He
became
a
close
friend
of
mine,
even
though
he
responded
with
only
an
occasional
hold
of
my
hand.
Mr
Green
was
in
a
coma
(昏迷)．
I
left
for
a
week
for
a
vacation
with
my
parents,
and
when
I
came
back,
Mr
Green
was
gone.
I
didn't
have
the
courage
to
ask
any
of
the
nurses
where
he
was,
for
fear
they
might
tell
me
he
had
died.
So
with
many
questions
unanswered,
I
continued
to
volunteer
there
through
my
eighth?grade
year.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
答案
Paragraph
1：
Several
years
later,
when
I
was
a
junior
in
high
school,
I
was
at
the
gas
station
when
I
noticed
a
familiar
face.
When
I
realized
who
it
was,
my
eyes
were
filled
with
tears.
He
was
alive!
I
got
up
the
nerve
to
ask
him
if
he
was
Mr
Green,
and
if
he
had
been
in
a
coma
about
five
years
ago.
With
an
uncertain
look
on
his
face,
he
replied
yes.
I
explained
how
I
knew
him,
and
that
I
had
spent
many
hours
talking
to
him
in
the
hospital.
His
eyes
welled
up
with
tears,
and
he
gave
me
the
warmest
hug
I
had
ever
received.
Paragraph
2：
He
began
to
tell
me
how,
as
he
lay
there
comatose,
he
could
hear
me
talking
to
him
and
could
feel
me
holding
his
hand
the
whole
time.
He
thought
it
was
an
angel,
who
was
there
with
him.
Mr_Green
firmly
believed
that
it
was
my
voice
and
touch
that
had
kept
him
alive.
Then
he
told
me
about
his
life.
We
exchanged
a
hug,
said
our
good?byes
and
went
our
separate
ways.
PAGE
1
