课时分层作业(十三)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Keep
a
cool
head
during
the
crisis(危急关头)．
2．We
have
the
possibility
of
attaining(获得)
something.
3．I
find
her
exhausting
to
be
with—she's
too
intense(热情的)．
4．They
drew
up
a
detailed
list
of
measures
for
increasing
the
output(产量)．
5．She
does
the
domestic(家庭的)
affairs
every
day.
6．This
book
will
continue
to
generate(引起)
excitement
for
a
long
time.
7．He
became
something
of
a
celebrity(名人)
in
his
home
town.
8．The
firm
is
looking
to
expand(扩展)
its
operations
overseas.
9．Many
workers
are
regularly
exposed
to
dangerous
chemicals(化学物质)．
10．Cooking
the
vegetable
destroys
its
wonderful
delicate
flavour(味道)．
Ⅱ.阅读
A
When
planning
a
vacation，many
people
consider
the
popular
tourist
sites
they
want
to
visit.But
that's
not
what
my
husband
and
I
did
when
we
planned
our
vacation
to
Japan.We
thought
about
the
kind
of
farm
we
wanted
to
visit.
Ours
was
far
from
a
typical
(典型的)
vacation.We
were
WWOOFing!
WWOOF
stands
for
World
Wide
Opportunities
on
Organic
Farms.The
organization
connects
people
interested
in
organic
farming.Volunteers，known
as
WWOOFers，help
their
hosts
with
daily
activities.These
include
everything
from
baking
bread
to
picking
vegetables.Hosts
provide
volunteers
with
food
and
provide
a
place
for
them
to
stay.
My
husband
and
I
certainly
felt
like
family
when
our
host
met
us
at
the
train
station.She
told
us
to
call
her
Okasan—Mom.Likewise，we
called
her
husband
Otosan—Dad.Okasan
and
Otosan
own
an
organic
vegetable
farm
that
tries
to
provide
the
local
people
with
fresh，healthy
food.When
no
WWOOFers
are
around
to
help，the
farm
work
is
done
only
by
Otosan
and
Okasan.As
part
of
the
family，we
were
able
to
enjoy
the
fruits
of
our
labor
at
every
meal.Eating
fresh
vegetables
three
times
a
day
combined
with
six
hours
of
farm
work，certainly
did
our
bodies
good.We
planted
vegetables
and
cleared
rocks
from
fields.We
also
packed
the
vegetables
so
they
could
be
sold
at
the
market.
Perhaps
the
most
challenging
thing
we
did
was
weeding
a
rice
field.It
was
quite
challenging
because
the
leaves
and
roots
of
the
weeds
look
very
similar
to
the
rice.It's
not
until
both
plants
are
mature
(成熟的)
that
you
can
clearly
tell
them
apart—only
one
produces
rice.
WWOOFing
is
unlike
anything
I've
ever
done
before，and
I
can't
wait
to
do
it
again!
Let's
take
part
in
WWOOF!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要介绍了自己和丈夫在日本有机农场帮农场主干活来换取食宿的经历。
1．What
do
we
know
about
WWOOF?
A．It
belongs
to
a
Japanese
farm.
B．It
helps
the
poor
do
farm
work.
C．It
provides
tourists
with
hotels.
D．It
is
an
organization
connected
with
farming.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WWOOF
stands
for
World
Wide
Opportunities
on
Organic
Farms.The
organization
connects
people
interested
in
organic
farming.”可知，世界有机农场组织是一个有关农业的组织。]
2．What
can
we
infer
from
Paragraph
3
about
Okasan
and
Otosan's
farm?
A．It
benefits
both
the
locals
and
WWOOFers.
B．It
attracts
many
visitors
every
day.
C．It
provides
free
food
for
the
locals.
D．It
is
supported
by
the
government.
A [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Okasan
and
Otosan
own
an
organic
vegetable
farm
that
tries
to
provide
the
local
people
with
fresh，healthy
food.”及“Eating
fresh
vegetables
three
times
a
day...certainly
did
our
bodies
good.”可知，这个家庭农场对当地人和世界有机农场组织的志愿者都有益。]
3．What
does
Paragraph
4
mainly
talk
about?
A．The
method
of
producing
rice.
B．The
hard
time
of
the
farm
family.
C．The
difficulties
in
weeding
a
rice
field.
D．The
most
challenging
thing
for
WWOOF.
C [段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“the
most
challenging
thing
we
did
was
weeding
a
rice
field”可知，该段主要是描述在有机农场干活遇到的最大挑战——在水稻地里除草。]
4．The
author
would
most
likely
describe
her
WWOOFing
as
．
A．satisfying
B．worrying
C．boring
D．tiring
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“WWOOFing
is
unlike
anything
I've
ever
done
before，and
I
can't
wait
to
do
it
again！”可知，作者对她的这次有机农场经历很满意。]
B
The
forests
in
eastern
Zimbabwe
provide
the
country
with
wood
and
most
of
the
fresh
fruit.But
the
removal
of
large
numbers
of
trees
and
the
use
of
fire
to
clear
land
have
caused
a
lot
of
damage
to
the
area.Officials
say
Zimbabwe
lost
more
than
1.5
million
hectares
of
forests
in
2016.This
is
mostly
because
of
local
communities
cutting
the
trees
for
firewood
or
setting
fires
in
forested
areas
to
make
hunting
easier.
But
now
a
non?profit
(非营利的)
group，called
Environment
Africa，is
trying
to
improve
the
situation.Environment
Africa
is
teaching
farmers
to
raise
bees.The
group
is
working
in
the
Mutasa
district，near
the
country's
border
with
Mozambique.And
it
has
already
helped
about
1，500
farmers.
Benjamin
Chatambura
is
one
such
farmer.He
has
set
up
about
250
beehives
(蜂窝)
near
his
home.Chatambura
sells
the
honey
that
the
bees
produce
and
uses
the
money
to
feed
his
family.He
likes
having
bees
on
his
land
because
the
insects
help
him
and
the
forests.“The
trees
provide
us
with
flowers，”he
says.“They
are
the
food
for
the
bees
to
produce
the
honey.If
there
were
a
way，I
would
like
more
land
to
plant
more
different
types
of
trees
in.We
used
to
have
serious
problems
before
we
were
trained
in
the
importance
of
the
forests.”
Lawrence
Nyagwande
works
in
Environment
Africa.He
says
some
farmers
are
earning
as
much
as
$1，000
a
month
from
selling
honey.The
average
government
worker
in
Zimbabwe
earns
just
about
$500
a
month.Nyagwande
said
beekeeping
is
helping
improve
the
country's
forests.
Support
for
this
project
has
helped
draw
people's
attention
to
protecting
the
environment，and
caught
the
attention
of
the
government.Violet
Makoto
represents
Zimbabwe's
Forestry
Commission，a
government
agency
that
works
to
protect
forests.She
says
the
Commission
hopes
local
community
leaders
will
take
up
beekeeping.She
said
officials
also
want
to
end
the
use
of
fire
to
clear
land.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了津巴布韦一个非营利组织利用教人养蜂的方式保护了森林。
5．What
does
Environment
Africa
do?
A．It
sells
honey
to
Mozambique.
B．It
calls
on
the
public
not
to
cut
trees.
C．It
encourages
local
people
to
raise
bees.
D．It's
aimed
at
helping
farmers
to
earn
more.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But
now
a
non?profit(非营利的)
group，called
Environment
Africa，is
trying
to
improve
the
situation.Environment
Africa
is
teaching
farmers
to
raise
bees.”可知，该组织鼓励当地人养蜂。]
6．From
Lawrence
Nyagwande，we
know
．
A．government
workers
earn
too
little
B．the
farmer
benefits
a
lot
from
beekeeping
C．beekeeping
helps
improve
the
country's
economy
D．local
community
leaders
should
take
up
beekeeping
B [推理判断题。根据第四段的“He
says
some
farmers
are
earning
as
much
as
$1，000
a
month
from
selling
honey.”可推断，当地养蜂人收益不错。]
7．What's
Zimbabwe's
Forestry
Commission's
attitude
towards
beekeeping?
A．Positive.
B．Worried.
C．Uncertain.
D．Doubtful.
A [观点态度题。根据第五段，尤其是“She
says
the
Commission
hopes
local
community
leaders
will
take
up
beekeeping.”可知，津巴布韦的林业委员会对养蜂业是支持的。]
8．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A．Problems
faced
by
forests
in
eastern
Zimbabwe.
B．Some
information
on
a
non?profit
organization.
C．Ways
of
protecting
the
environment.
D．A
good
way
to
protect
forests.
D [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了津巴布韦一个非营利组织利用教人养蜂的方式保护了森林，故可推出答案。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Food
safety
is
a
problem
in
all
places
around
the
world
and
people
in
different
areas
of
the
world
prepare
foods
in
different
ways.The
WHO
released
five
simple
rules
for
preparing
food
in
a
safe
way.
1
Key
1:
Keep
clean.
The
first
key
tells
about
the
importance
of
washing.People
should
wash
their
hands
often—before
touching
food，while
they
are
preparing
food，and
any
time
after
they
go
to
the
toilet.People
should
wash
all
surfaces
and
equipment
used
for
preparing
food.
2
Key
2：
3
People
should
separate
raw，or
uncooked
foods
from
foods
that
are
already
cooked
and
foods
that
will
not
be
cooked.People
should
store
raw
meat，chicken，and
fish
in
containers，or
in
separate
areas.Raw
foods
should
not
touch
prepared
foods.
Key
3：Cook
completely.
People
should
cook
eggs
and
meat，like
birds，seafood，and
animals，especially
carefully.These
foods
may
carry
more
micro?organisms
than
other
foods.Food
like
soup
must
be
boiled
for
at
least
a
minute
to
make
it
be
cooked
completely.It
is
also
important
that
people
re?heat
cooked
food
completely.
Key
4：Keep
food
at
safe
temperatures.
When
people
are
finished
with
eating，they
should
keep
the
left
food
in
a
refrigerator
below
5℃
and
shouldn't
store
it
for
too
long.At
room
temperature，about
20℃，the
amount
of
micro?organisms
can
increase
very
quickly.
4
They
cannot
grow
as
quickly
in
a
very
hot
or
very
cold
environment.
Key
5：Use
safe
water
and
raw
materials.
5
Damaged
or
old
food
may
develop
harmful
chemicals
as
it
gets
older.
A．Separate
raw
and
cooked
foods.
B．Eat
cooked
food
immediately
while
it
is
still
hot.
C．They
call
these
rules
the
“Five
Keys
to
Safer
Food”．
D．People
should
use
safe
water
and
choose
fresh
foods.
E．Keeping
everything
clean
helps
people
to
avoid
micro?organisms.
F．People
should
also
protect
cooking
areas
and
food
from
insects
and
animals.
G．But
temperatures
above
60℃
or
below
5℃
control
the
growth
of
micro?organisms.
【语篇解读】 食品安全问题是一个全世界性的问题。不同地方的人用不同的方式准备食物，WHO发布了用安全方式准备食物的五项原则。
1．C [第一段中的“The
WHO
released
five
simple
rules
for
preparing
food
in
a
safe
way.”是提示句。C项中的these
rules与空前的five
simple
rules
相对应。另外，C项可以引起下文。故选C项。]
2．E [此部分的小标题为Key
1：Keep
clean.E项中的clean与小标题的内容相对应。另外，E项为保持干净的好处，与该段内容相符。故选E项。]
3．A [此部分讲的是要把生的食物和熟的食物分开放置。关键词为raw，cooked。A项意为“把生的食物和熟的食物分开”。故选A项。]
4．G [此处讲的是微生物的生存环境。空前讲的是微生物快速繁殖所需的温度。所以此空应该是微生物在什么温度下无法快速繁殖。故选G项。]
5．D [D项为本段小标题的进一步说明。关键信息为safe
water。故选D项。]
5课时分层作业(十四)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He
asked
each
of
us
in
turn
to
describe
how
the
Internet
had
affected
our
lives.
2．If
he
takes
on
this
work,
he
will
have
no
alternative
but
to
meet(meet)
an
even
greater
challenge.
3．What's
the
depth
(deep)
of
the
lake?
4．Not
only
is
she
pretty
but
also
kind?hearted.
5．Sometimes,
I
was
too
weak
to
go(go)
to
school
so
my
education
suffered.
6．There
are(be)
two
thousand
students
in
our
school.
7．Some
foods
are
digested(digest)
more
easily
than
others.
8．She
is
an
essentially(essential)
selfish
person.
9．There
are
jobs
more
dangerous
than
truck
driving;
for
instance,
training
lions.
10．Are
you
sure
you
entirely(entire)
understand
the
importance
of
completing
these
forms
as
accurately
as
possible?
Ⅱ.语言运用
Farming
and
Gardening
Agriculture
has
a
long
history
in
China.Much
of
the
wisdom
1
by
early
Chinese
scientists
is
still
useful
for
farmers
and
gardeners
today.One
of
China's
early
2
scientists
was
Jia
Sixie，who
lived
in
the
sixth
century
AD.He
spent
his
time
doing
research
into
agriculture.He
collected
information，studied
it，did
experiments
and
learnt
from
the
3
of
farmers.
Around
540
AD，he
wrote
a
book
called
Qimin
Yaoshu.The
book
is
about
both
farming
and
4
．It
includes
advice
on
the
following
subjects:
growing
green
vegetables
and
fruit
trees，keeping
animals，and
fish
in
lakes.There
are
also
5
for
making
wine.Jia
Sixie's
book
is
a(n)
6
guide
for
farming.Firstly，as
a
farmer
you
should
do
things
at
the
right
time
of
the
year.If
you
sow
seeds
and
7
young
plants
in
the
fields
at
the
correct
time
of
the
year，your
work
will
be
less
and
results
will
be
better.But
if
you
8
nature
and
do
things
at
the
wrong
time
of
the
year，you
will
have
to
do
more
work
and
the
results
will
not
be
so
good.The
9
of
the
soil
is
also
very
important.Examine
the
soil
on
your
farm
10
．If
the
condition
of
your
soil
is
not
good，you
should
improve
it.Before
sowing
or
planting
crops，you
must
clean
rough
ground
and
remove
weeds.Let
sheep
or
cows
walk
on
the
land
to
11
the
weeds
or
eat
them.The
best
harvest
is
reached
when
farmers
12
the
crops
in
their
fields.For
example，do
not
plant
rice
year
after
year
in
the
same
field.But
if
you
plant
rice
in
a
field
one
year
and
wheat
in
the
field
the
next
year，you
will
13
good
crops.Other
scientists
said
that
wheat
should
be
planted
with
14
between
the
plants，but
Jia
did
experiments
and
15
that
planting
wheat
close
together
is
better.
【语篇解读】 本文是议论文和说明文的结合。主要介绍了我国古代农业科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献。他的耕种方法对我国古代农业起了重要的指导作用。
1．A.discovered
B．recovered
C．reported
D．repeated
A [从词语和搭配考虑，此处只有discovered才能与wisdom搭配。wisdom后的
by
early
Chinese
scientists是过去分词短语作定语。]
2．A.industrial
B．agricultural
C．cultural
D．article
B [根据常识或上下文可知，贾思勰是我国古代的农业科学家，故选agricultural。]
3．A.adventures
B．advantages
C．tradition
D．experience
D [learn
from
the
experience
of
farmers表示“学习农民的(耕作)经验”，符合语境。]
4．A.nursing
B．gardening
C．produce
D．trade
B [由本文的标题和第一段第二句推断可知，选gardening。]
5．A.instructions
B．constructions
C．measures
D．treasures
A [此处表示造酒的“指导，说明”，选instructions。]
6．A.economical
B．practical
C．similar
D．regular
B [practical
guide意为“切实可行的指导”。]
7．A.drop
B．increase
C．grow
D．throw
C [grow
young
plants意为“种植幼苗”，其他选项没有“种植”之意。]
8．A.argue
against
B．go
against
C．compete
with
D．deal
with
B [go
against
nature意为“违背自然(规律)”，符合句意。]
9．A.application
B．situation
C．condition
D．addition
C [the
condition
of
the
soil表示“土壤的状况/条件”。]
10．A.successfully
B．carefully
C．gradually
D．frequently
B [前句指出土壤状况重要，本句说明要细心、仔细检查土壤，因此选carefully。]
11．A.destroy
B．prevent
C．divide
D．limit
A [让牛羊在地里走是为了摧毁杂草或者吃掉杂草，故选destroy。]
12．A.keep
B．improve
C．manage
D．change
D [从下句中“do
not
plant
rice
year
after
year
in
the
same
field”可知庄稼要换着种，因此选change。]
13．A.win
B．collect
C．harvest
D．plant
C [本句意在表达“如果每年换种不同的庄稼就会有好收成”。harvest
good
crops意为“收成好”。]
14．A.holes
B．lines
C．space
D．balance
C [从词语搭配考虑，本句指的是“种植小麦时，株与株之间要留有空间”，而非留有线、洞或平衡，因此选space。]
15．A.showed
B．meant
C．intended
D．decided
A [前面有Jia
did
experiments，因此后面是实验结果“证明，表明”，因此选showed。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Tuan
was
a
farmer.For
decades，he
1.________
(struggle)
to
rid
his
family
2.________
hunger.However，3.________
always
confused
him
4.________
to
expand
the
output
of
his
crops.This
5.________
(disturb)
problem
led
to
his
regretting
being
a
farmer.He
would
rather
have
chosen
another
job.
One
day，when
6.________
(skim)
through
a
newspaper，Tuan
read
a
comment
on
Yuan
Longping.He
underlined
Yuan's
nationality
and
occupation，and
then
focused
on
his
discovery
and
the
statistics
of
his
research.He
found
the
knowledge
Yuan
circulated
very
7.________(practice)．Therefore，he
made
a
summary
and
began
to
build
up
a
new
farming
method.He
planted
super
grain
of
rich
nutrition
and
equipped
8.________(him)
to
keep
his
crops
roots
free
from
bacteria
and
pests.He
also
enriched
minerals
in
the
soil
while
reducing
chemical
fertilizers.Though
it
cost
him
more
time
and
freedom，he
was
full
of
hope.
The
next
year，Tuan
was
sunburnt
but
9.________(satisfy)
with
his
production
very
much.10.________(thank)
to
Yuan
Longping，he
not
only
won
the
battle
against
hunger，but
he
could
also
export
his
crops
abroad.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了一位农民受到袁隆平的激励而努力研制植物新品种，提高农作物产量的故事。
1．had
been
struggling [根据for
decades和was可知应用过去完成进行时。]
2．of [rid
sb.of...“摆脱，除去”。]
3．it [it为形式主语。]
4．how [“how
to
expand
the
output
of
his
crops”是真正的主语。]
5．disturbing [用形容词来修饰后面的名词problem，意为“令人烦恼的”。]
6．skimming [此处为状语从句的省略，补全句子为“when
(he
was)
skimming...”。]
7．practical [形容词practical作宾语knowledge的补足语。]
8．himself [和主语he为同一人，此处用反身代词加强语气。]
9．satisfied [be
satisfied
with“对……满意”。]
10．Thanks [thanks
to“由于，多亏了”。]
5Ⅰ.匹配词义
单词匹配
第一组
1．crisis
A．adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
2．intense
B．adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；
家庭的
3．output
C．n.产量；输出；输出量
vt.输出
4．domestic
D．n.危机；危急关头
5．consumption
E．vt.产生；引起
6．generate
F．n.消耗；消耗量；消费
7．strain
G．n.闲暇；休闲；空闲
8．leisure
H．n.名人；名流；名望；名誉
9．soil
I．n.(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；
压力
10．celebrity
J．n.泥土；土壤；国土；领土
[答案] 1－5 DACBF 6－10 EIGJH
第二组
1．urban
A．n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机
2．tunnel
B．adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的
3．extension
C．n.地下通道；地道；隧道
4．flavour
D．n.小麦；小麦籽
5．wheat
E．n.味道；特点；特色
6．alleviate
F．n.贫穷；贫困
7．poverty
G．vt.减轻；缓解
8．grocery
H．n.营养；滋养
9．nutrition
I．n.根；根茎；根部；根源
10．root
J．n.食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货
[答案] 1－5 BCAED 6－10 GFJHI
Ⅱ.短语匹配
1．devote...to
A．包括；包含；由……组成(或
构成)
2．be
comprised
of
B．例如；比如
3．deep
down
C．相应地；转而；依次；轮流
4．in
turn
D．把……用于；献身；致力；专心
5．for
instance
E．在内心深处；本质上；实际上
[答案] 1－5 DAECB
Ⅲ.默写单词
第一组
1．tackle
vt.
解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理
2．boost
vt.
使增长；使兴旺
n.
增长；提高；激励
3．convince
vt.
使相信；使确信；说服
4．attain
vt.
(通常经过努力)获得；得到
5．overcome
vt.
克服；解决；战胜
6．expand
vt.&
vi.
扩大；增加
vt.
扩展；发展(业务)
7．estimate
vt.
估计；估价；估算
n.
估计；估算
8．comprise
vt.
包括；包含；由……组成
9．devote
vt.
把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于
10．chemical
adj.
与化学有关的；化学的
n.
化学制品；化学品
第二组
1．widespread
adj.
分布广的；普遍的；广泛的
2．digest
vt.&
vi.
消化
vt.
领会；领悟
3．prohibit
vt.
(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止
4．essential
adj.
完全必要的；极其重要的
5．alternative
n.
可供选择的事物
adj.
可供替代的；非传统的
6．entirely
adv.
全部地；完整地；完全地
7．depth
n.
向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)
8．instance
n.
例子；实例；事例
Ⅰ.选词填词
attained,
overcome,
tackle,
boosted,
convinced,
essential,
digest,
comprises,
widespread,
prohibits
1．I
don't
know
how
to
tackle
this
problem.
2．The
total
was
boosted
to
nearly
￡2，000
by
donations
from
parents.
3．We
convinced
Anne
to
go
by
train
rather
than
plane.
4．She
attained
her
ambition
of
becoming
a
pilot.
5．He
has
enough
courage
to
overcome
the
difficulty.
6．This
music
album
comprises
the
best
hits
of
the
year.
7．This
disease
is
widespread
in
tropical
areas.
8．The
high
cost
prohibits
the
widespread
use
of
the
drug.
9．It
is
essential
that
you
should
come
home
early.
10．It
often
takes
a
long
time
to
digest
new
ideas.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．What
is
the
depth(deep)
of
this
lake?
2．This,
I
am
sorry
to
say,
is
almost
entirely(entire)
wishful
thinking.
3．He
showed
his
poverty(poor)
in
his
knowledge
of
agriculture.
4．Adapt
your
usual
eating
regimen
to
make
it
more
nutritious(nutrition)．
5．Any
shortage(short)
could
push
up
grain
prices.
6．What
are
the
characteristics(character)
that
distinguish
the
Chinese
from
the
Japanese?
7．The
chairman
made
a
few
conventional(convention)
remarks.
8．We
are
working
on
the
assumption(assume)
that
the
techniques
are
safe.
1．Yet,
he
considers
himself
a
farmer
because
he
continually
works
the
land
in
his
research.
然而，他自认为是个农民，因为在研究中他不停地耕种土地。
2．Yuan
Longping
realised
that
larger
fields
were
not
the
solution.
袁隆平意识到，更多的耕地并不是解决问题的办法。
3．A
hybrid
is
a
cross
between
two
or
more
varieties
of
a
species.
杂交作物是一个物种的两个或两个以上变种的杂交。
4．Today,
it
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops,
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains,
and
his
strains
have
allowed
China's
farmers
to
produce
around
200
million
tons
of
rice
per
year.
据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约百分之六十来自袁隆平的杂交水稻，他的杂交水稻品种让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨大米。
5．Given
that
Yuan's
hybrids
have
made
him
quite
wealthy,
one
might
think
he
would
retire
to
a
life
of
leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
词语助读
①(be)
known
as
the
“father
of
hybrid
rice”
被称为“杂交水稻之父”
②consider
himself
a
farmer自认为是个农民
③work
the
land耕种土地
④devote
one's
life
to致力于；献身于
(1)because引导原因状语从句。
(2)to
whom引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese
farmers。
⑤pursue
a
career
in
science
or
medicine从事科学或医学方面的事业
⑥have
poor
harvests粮食歉收
⑦have
a
serious
shortage
of
food严重缺乏食物
⑧tackle
this
crisis应对这一危机
⑨choose
to
study
agriculture选择学习农业
(3)
what
concerned
him
most为主语从句，that
farmers...为表语从句，其中不定式短语to
eat作名词food的后置定语。
⑩after
graduating
in
1953
在1953年毕业之后
?work
as
a
researcher从事研究工作
?boost
yields提高产量
?a
challenging
question一个具有挑战性的问题
?the
creation
of
hybrid
rice杂交水稻的培育
?conventional
crops传统作物
?a
matter
of
great
debate一个有很大争议的问题
?through
intense
effort通过不懈的努力
?overcome
enormous
technical
difficulties克服巨大的技术难题
?expand
their
output增加产量
(4)that引导宾语从句。
(5)they
had是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词fields。
(6)how引导主语从句。
(7)that引导宾语从句。
(8)that引导表语从句。
(9)whether引导主语从句，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to
develop
a
hybrid
of
self?pollinating
plants
such
as
rice。
(10)that引导表语从句。
(11)
that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rice。
?it
is
estimated
that...据估计
be
comprised
of由……组成
depend
on
rice
as
well也依赖大米
because
of
his
invaluable
contributions因为他的不可估量的贡献
receive
numerous
awards获奖无数
(12)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中第一个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的名词性从句；过去分词短语generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains作名词crops的后置定语。
(13)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词countries。
make
him
quite
wealthy使他变得相当富有
a
life
of
leisure悠闲的生活
be
far
from
the
case事实远非如此
deep
down在内心深处
care
little
for
celebrity
or
money不太在乎名声和金钱
make
large
donations
to
support
agricultural
research大量捐款以支持农业研究
(14)given
that...引导原因状语从句，he
would
retire
to
a
life
of
leisure为省略了that的宾语从句。
his
ongoing
ability
to
fulfill
his
dreams他不断实现梦想的能力
as
tall
as
sorghum像高粱一样高
succeed
in
producing
a
kind
of
rice成功培育出一种水稻
become
a
reality成为现实
open
up开辟
despite
his
advanced
years尽管年事已高
dream
up想起；想象出(不寻常的事物)；凭空设想
(15)what引导主语从句。
(16)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rice。
(17)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中第二个分句中what
he
will
dream
up
next是what引导的宾语从句。
课文呈现
A
PIONEER
FOR
ALL
PEOPLE
Yuan
Longping,
known
as
the
“father
of
hybrid
rice”①,
is
one
of
China's
most
famous
scientists.Yet,
he
considers
himself
a
farmer②
because
he
continually
works
the
land③
in
his
research(1)．Indeed,
his
slim
but
strong
body
is
just
like
that
of
millions
of
Chinese
farmers
to
whom
he
has
devoted
his
life④(2)．
Yuan
Longping
was
born
in
1930
in
Beijing.His
parents
wanted
him
to
pursue
a
career
in
science
or
medicine⑤.However,
what
concerned
him
most
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests⑥
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
shortage
of
food⑦
to
eat(3)．To
tackle
this
crisis⑧,
he
chose
to
study
agriculture⑨
and
received
an
education
at
Southwest
Agricultural
College
in
Chongqing.
After
graduating
in
1953⑩,
he
worked
as
a
researcher?.Yuan
Longping
realised
that
larger
fields
were
not
the
solution(4)．Instead,
farmers
needed
to
boost
yields?
in
the
fields
they
had(5)．How
this
could
be
done(6)
was
a
challenging
question?
at
the
time.Yuan
was
convinced
that
the
answer
could
be
found
in
the
creation
of
hybrid
rice?(7)．A
hybrid
is
a
cross
between
two
or
more
varieties
of
a
species.One
characteristic
of
hybrids
is
that
they
usually
attain
a
higher
yield
than
conventional
crops?(8)．However,
whether
it
was
possible
to
develop
a
hybrid
of
self?pollinating
plants
such
as
rice(9)
was
a
matter
of
great
debate?.The
common
assumption
then
was
that
it
could
not
be
done(10)．Through
intense
effort?,
Yuan
overcame
enormous
technical
difficulties?
to
develop
the
first
hybrid
rice
that
could
be
used
for
farming(11)
in
1974.This
hybrid
enabled
farmers
to
expand
their
output?
greatly.
Today,
it
is
estimated
that?
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops,
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains,
and
his
strains
have
allowed
China's
farmers
to
produce
around
200
million
tons
of
rice
per
year(12)．Yuan's
innovation
has
helped
feed
not
just
China,
but
many
other
countries
that
depend
on
rice
as
well(13),
such
as
India
and
Vietnam.Because
of
his
invaluable
contributions,
Yuan
Longping
has
received
numerous
awards
both
in
China
and
abroad.
Given
that
Yuan's
hybrids
have
made
him
quite
wealthy,
one
might
think
he
would
retire
to
a
life
of
leisure(14)．However,
this
is
far
from
the
case.Deep
down,
Yuan
is
still
very
much
a
farmer
at
heart.As
a
man
of
the
soil,
he
cares
little
for
celebrity
or
money.Instead,
he
makes
large
donations
to
support
agricultural
research.
What
impresses
people
most
about
Yuan
Longping(15)
is
his
ongoing
ability
to
fulfil
his
dreams.Long
ago,
he
envisioned
rice
plants
as
tall
as
sorghum,
with
each
ear
of
rice
as
big
as
a
broom,
and
each
grain
of
rice
as
huge
as
a
peanut.He
succeeded
in
producing
a
kind
of
rice
that
could
feed
more
people
at
home
and
abroad(16)．His
latest
vision
for
“seawater
rice”
has
also
become
a
reality,
and
potentially
opened
up
nearly
one
million
square
kilometres
of
salty
land
in
China
for
rice
production.Despite
his
advanced
years,
Yuan
Longping
is
still
young
at
heart
and
full
of
vision,
and
everyone
is
waiting
to
see
what
he
will
dream
up
next(17)．
译文参考
为所有人的先驱
袁隆平，被称为“杂交水稻之父”，是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他自认为是个农民，因为在研究中他不停地耕种土地。事实上，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和农民一样，而他为千千万万中国农民奉献了一生。
袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学方面的事业。然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。为了应对这一危机，他选择了学习农业，就读于重庆西南农学院。
1953年毕业后，他从事研究工作。袁隆平意识到，更多的耕地并不是解决问题的办法。农民们需要增加他们现有土地上农作物的产量。如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。袁隆平确信，答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。杂交作物是一个物种的两个或两个以上变种的杂交。杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比传统作物高。然而，是否有可能培育出一种自花传粉的杂交植物，如水稻，这是一个有很大争议的问题。当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，于1974年培育出了第一种可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。这种杂交水稻使农民大大增加了产量。
据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约百分之六十来自袁隆平的杂交水稻，他的杂交水稻品种让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨大米。袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国，也养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。因为他的不可估量的贡献，袁隆平在国内外获得了无数的奖。
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。事实上，袁隆平在内心深处依然是一个农民。作为一个农民，他不太在乎名声和金钱。相反，他大量捐款以支持农业研究。
袁隆平最让人印象深刻的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很久以前，他设想了一种像高粱一样高的水稻，每一穗米都像扫帚一样大，每一粒米都像花生一样大。他成功地培育出一种可以养活国内外更多人的水稻，他对“海水水稻”的最新设想也已成为现实，并可能在中国开辟近100万平方公里的盐碱地，用于水稻生产。尽管年事已高，袁隆平的内心仍然年轻，充满了远见，每个人都在等着看他下一步的梦想。
1阅读Reading
for
writing中的材料，选择最佳答案
1．Why
did
farmers
welcome
artificial
fertilisers
at
first?
A．Because
they
could
fight
crop
disease.
B．Because
they
could
increase
production.
C．Because
they
were
in
widespread
use.
D．Because
they
benefited
people's
health.
2．What
can
we
learn
about
crops
grown
with
chemical
fertilisers?
A．They
are
rich
in
nutrition.
B．They
are
rich
in
essential
minerals.
C．They
are
very
tasty
and
nutritious.
D．They
look
beautiful
on
the
outside.
3．How
do
organic
farmers
keep
their
soil
rich?
A．By
using
natural
waste.
B．By
using
chemicals.
C．By
using
minerals.
D．By
using
fresh
water.
[答案] 1－3 BDA
Words
And
Phrases
deal
with
处理；对付；安排；对待；与……打交道；涉及
(教材P52)To
deal
with
this
crisis,
he
chose
to
study
agriculture.
为了应对这一危机，他选择了学习农业。
[知识拓展]
deal
with中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问词how连用，表示“怎么处理/对待”；同义短语为do
with，其中的do为及物动词，表示“怎么处理/对待”时，与疑问词what连用。
[例1] In
the
process,
the
children
learn
to
deal
with
difficulties.
在这个过程中，孩子们学会了应付困难。
[例2] His
article
deals
with
many
issues
we
are
greatly
concerned
about.
他的文章涉及许多我们非常关心的问题。
[例3] The
lady
is
hard
to
deal
with.
这个妇人很难对付。
[即学即练]——完成句子/一句多译
①(谚)以其人之道，还治其人之身。
Deal
with
a
man
as
he
deals
with
you.
②我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。
I
don't
know
how
they
will
deal
with
the
problem.＝
I
don't
know
what
they
will
do
with
the
problem.
poverty
n．贫穷；贫困
(教材P54)It
is
celebrated
in
more
than
150
countries,
raising
awareness
and
knowledge
of
the
problems
and
causes
behind
world
hunger
and
poverty.
它在150多个国家举行庆祝活动，提高人们对世界饥饿和贫困背后的问题和原因的认识和了解。
[例1] The
article
shows
a
poverty
of
imagination.
这篇文章显得缺乏想象力。
[例2] She
has
a
sure
prasp
of
social
issues
such
as
literacy，poverty
and
child
care.
她对扫盲、贫穷和儿童保育等社会问题都有深切的认识。
[翻译] 三分之一的人口生活在贫困线或以下。
A
third
of
the
population
is
living
at
or
below
the
poverty
line．
[知识拓展]
(1)in
poverty
处于贫穷之中
a
poverty
of
缺乏
below/above
the
poverty
line
在贫困线之下/之上
(2)poor
adj.
贫穷的；贫困的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He
was
rich,
but
is
now
reduced
to
poverty(poor)．
②The
poor
man
in
poverty
sleeps
on
the
floor
at
the
doorway.
in
turn
相应地；转而；依次；轮流
(教材P55)This
affects
the
crops
grown
on
the
land
and,
in
turn,
the
animals
and
humans
who
digest
them.
这影响了生长在土地上的作物，进而影响消化它们的动物和人类。
[例1] The
girls
took
it
in
turn
to
wipe
down
the
tables
after
meals.
女孩子们饭后轮流擦桌子。
[例2] Theory
is
based
on
practice
and
in
turn
serves
practice.
理论的基础是实践，反过来理论又为实践服务。
[翻译] 他们依次回答了老师的问题。
They
answered
the
teacher's
questions
in
turn．
[知识拓展]
in
one's
turn
轮到某人；接着
by
turns
轮流；依次
take
turns
doing/to
do...
轮流做……
It's
one's
turn
to
do
sth.
轮到某人干某事
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①It
is
my
turn
to
clean(clean)
the
classroom
this
week.
②The
girls
called
out
their
names
in
turn.
③They
took
turns(turn)
to
care
about
their
parents.
④当轮到我时，我激动得都说不出话来了。
When
it
is
in
my
turn,
I
am
too
excited
to
speak.
alternative
n．可供选择的事物
adj.可供替代的；非传统的
(教材P55)As
an
alternative,
some
farmers
have
switched
to
organic
farming,
and
many
customers
have
turned
to
organic
food
when
they
shop
at
the
local
grocery.
作为一种选择，一些农民转向有机农业，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时转向有机食品。
[例1] We
returned
by
the
alternative
road.
我们从另一条路回来的。
[例2] This
kind
of
newspaper
is
alternative
press.
这种报纸是非传统性报刊。
[翻译] 除了当俘虏之外，唯一的选择就是奋战至死了。
The
only
alternative
to
being
taken
prisoner
was
to
die
fighting.
[知识拓展]
(1)have
no
alternative/choice
but
to
do
sth.
别无选择只好做某事
have
the
alternative
of
doing
sth.
有做……的选择，可以做……
there's
no
alternative...but
to
do
sth.
……别无选择只好做某事
an
alternative
to...
……的替代品
(2)alternatively
adv.
可供选择地
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I
had
no
alternative
but
to
accept(accept)
the
offer.
②If
you
don't
like
the
school
lunch,
you
have
the
alternative
of
bringing(bring)
your
own.
③We
could
walk
or
alternatively(alternative)we
could
go
in
Ted's
car.
[名师点津]
“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式还有：have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth.；can't
do
sth.but
do
sth.；can
do
nothing
but
do
sth.等。在这些结构中若but之前出现实义动词do的某种形式，but之后要用省略to的不定式，否则，but之后的to不能省略。
depth
n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)
(教材P56)Organic
farmers
also
plant
diverse
crops
that
use
different
depths
of
soil
to
help
keep
it
rich.
有机种植的农民也种植不同的农作物，利用不同深度的土壤来保持土壤肥沃。
[例1] The
old
man
disappeared
into
the
depths
of
the
house.
老人消失在住宅深处。
[例2] I
have
expressed
the
depth
of
my
gratitude
to
him.
我向他表示了深切的谢意。
[翻译] 不能期望较年轻的学生有深刻的理解能力。
Younger
students
cannot
be
expected
to
have
great
depth
of
understanding．
[知识拓展]
in
depth
全面；深入；详细
from
the
depth
of
the
mind
从心底里；真心地
at
a
depth
of...
在……的深度
in
the
depths
of
在正中；在深处
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Plant
the
beans
at
a
depth
of
about
six
inches.
②This
is
a
new
subject
and
needs
to
be
explored
in
depth.
③When
her
son
got
injured
and
disabled
in
the
accident,
she
was
in
the
depths
of
despair.
[小片段填空]
She
belongs
to
herself.Nobody
can
measure
the
depth
of
her
heart,
deep
as
sea.
她属于自己，没有人能测出她心有多深，深似大海。
[名师点津]
adj.
deep
high
wide
long
n.
depth
height
width
length
v.
deepen
heighten
widen
lengthen
Sentence
Patterns
not
only...but
also...句型
(教材P55)For
example,
pesticides
can
damage
the
land
by
killing
not
only
harmful
bacteria
and
insects,
but
also
helpful
ones.
例如，杀虫剂不仅可以杀死有害的细菌和昆虫，还可以杀死有益的昆虫，从而破坏土地。
句式分析：句中not
only...but
also...“不仅……而且……”用作并列连词，相当于“not
just
...but
also...”。
[例1] Shakespeare
was
not
only
a
writer
but
(also)
an
actor.
莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。
[例2] Light
and
bright
colors
make
people
not
only
happier
but
more
active.
浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。
[翻译] 英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。
The
Americans
and
the
British
not
only
speak
the
same
language
but
also
share
a
large
number
of
social
customs.
[知识拓展]
(1)该结构常用来连接并列成分，如两个主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或句子，在意义上强调后者，其中also可以省略。
(2)“not
only...but
also...”连接主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则；当not
only
位于句首连接两个句子时，第一个分句要用部分倒装，第二个分句不倒装。
[即学即练]——完成句子
①他们不仅闯进了他的办公室，而且撕碎了他的文件。
They
not
only
broke
into
his
office
but
(also)
tore
up
his
papers.
②不仅是你而且还有他从火中救出了那些男孩。
Not
only
you
but
(also)
he
has
saved
the
boys
from
the
fire.
③不仅学生，而且他们的老师也喜欢踢足球。
Not
just
the
students
but
also
their
teacher
likes
playing
football．
④他不仅能准确地说英语，而且说得很流利。
Not
only
can
he
speak
English
correctly,
but
he
also
speaks
it
fluently.
too...to...句型
(教材P55)As
for
chemical
fertilisers,
crops
grown
with
them
usually
grow
too
fast
to
be
rich
in
nutrition.
至于化肥，用它们种植的作物通常生长得太快，而不含丰富的营养。
句式分析：too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定含义。
[例1] He
is
too
shy
to
speak
to
her.
他太害羞，不敢同她讲话。
[例2] It's
too
cheap
to
be
good.
这东西太便宜，好不了(即便宜无好货)。
[翻译] 他太小，还分不清是非。
He
is
too
young
to
know
right
from
wrong.
[知识拓展]
(1)too＋adj.(情感、心情或倾向等主语态度的词，常见的有anxious,
eager,
glad,
happy,
pleased,
ready,
willing,
etc.)＋to
do
sth.(表示肯定意义)非常/很……干某事
(2)not/never
too...to
do
sth.
并不太……做某事
(3)only
too...to
do
sth.
非常……做某事
(4)can't/can
never...to...
再……也不过分
[即学即练]——完成句子/句型转换
①你做家庭作业时怎样仔细也不过分。
You
can't
be
too
careful
to
do
your
homework．
②活到老，学到老。
Never
too
old
to
learn．
③他总是乐于助人。
He
is
too
ready
to
help
others．
④当她听到这则消息时激动得说不出话来。
She
was
so
excited
that
she
couldn't
say
a
word
when
she
heard
the
news.
→She
was
too
excited
to
say
a
word
when
she
heard
the
news.
there
be句型
(教材P56)Therefore，there
is
still
a
long
way
to
find
a
suitable
solution
that
puts
sufficient
food
on
the
dinner
table...
因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，使人们的餐桌上有足够的食物，还有很长的路要走……
句式分析：there
be
句型，表示“某处有(存在)某人或某物”。
[例1] There
is
an
eraser
and
two
pens
on
the
desk.
桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。
[例2] There
have
been
lots
of
accidents
near
the
crossing.
在这个十字路口附近，发生了很多事故。
[翻译] 河里有几个孩子在游泳。
There
are
several
children
swimming
in
the
river.
[知识拓展]
(1)there
be句型最简单的结构为：There
be(is，are，was,
were
)＋名词＋地点状语。
(2)在There
be引导的句子中,
谓语动词be的人称和数应该和它后面的主语(名词)保持一致,
当有两个或两个以上的名词作并列主语时,
be的形式则和第一个名词保持一致(就近原则)。
(3)there
be句型中的be可以用表示“存在”的动词，如live,
exist,
lie,
stand,
seem,
rise,
remain,
happen,
come,
go等替代。句型结构为：there＋存在类动词＋主语。
[即学即练]——完成句子
①曾经有一个年轻人，他梦想一夜暴富。
There
lived
a
young
man
who
desired
to
be
rich
overnight.
②我们教室前有一棵老松树。
There
stands
an
old
pine
tree
in
front
of
our
classroom.
③此事似乎出了问题。
There
seems
to
be
something
wrong
with
it.
词语猜测题
词语猜测题主要考查考生猜测文章中某个生词、短语或词块的含义，或考查该词(块)能被哪个单词、短语或词块代替。此外，也会涉及某一个熟词在不同语境中的不同含义。
【例文】 But
this
summer
I
find
myself
at
a
loss.I'm
not
quite
interested
in
Balzac,
say,
or
“Tristram
Shandy.”
There's
always
War
and
Peace,
which
I've
covered
some
distance
several
times,
only
to
get
bogged
down
in
the
“War”
part,
,
and
realize
that
I
have
to
start
over
from
the
beginning
again,
having
forgotten
everyone's
name
and
social
rank.How
appealing
to
simply
fall
back
on
a
favorite?once
more
into
“The
Waves”
or
“Justine，”
which
feels
almost
like
cheating,
too
exciting
and
too
much
fun
to
properly
belong
in
serious
literature.
What
do
the
underlined
words
“get
bogged
down”
in
paragraph
2
mean?
A．Get
confused.
B．Be
carried
away.
C．Be
interrupted.
D．Make
no
progress.
★解题关键
词语猜测主要是从“已知”得出“未知”，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词语前后的内容)进行推理。有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测。
★解题思路
Step
1：快速查找与猜测相关的信息句
(□中句)
Step
2：详读——作者在读“战争”部分时几次合上书，把书放一边，之后不得不再次从头开始阅读。
Step
3：尝试解答——由信息句可判断出，句中画线的“get
bogged
down”指的是陷入困境，停滞不前，没有进展。与make
no
progress同义，故选D。
针对性练习
(一)
Education
takes
time.We
could
insist
that
everyone
study
full?time
until
the
age
of
45
but
that
would
surely
be
too
much.And
perhaps
half
the
population
studying
until
they're
21
is
also
too
much.As
for
universities,
they
consume
financial
and
intellectual
resources—perhaps
those
resources
might
be
better
spent
elsewhere.
What's
the
meaning
of
the
word
“consume”？
A．Use.
B．Provide.
C．Delight.
D．Raise.
A [上文说凡事都有代价，再结合画线词后的“financial
and
intellectual
resources”可知，大学占用大量财政和智力资源，由此可知画线词词义为“占用、使用”，故A项正确。]
(二)
But
a
year
ago
when
my
relationship
with
my
wife
and
career
took
a
hit,
I
needed
my
dad
to
pull
back
the
curtain
so
I
could
see
him
as
real
and
accessible.I
was
facing
serious
problems,
and
I
wanted
to
know
whether
he
had
faced
them
before
and
how
he
had
found
his
way,
because
I
felt
like
I
had
lost
mine.In
desperation,
it
occurred
to
me
that
sending
an
email
might
be
the
key,
so
I
wrote
him
one,
telling
him
about
my
regrets
and
fears,
and
I
asked
him
to
answer,
if
he
felt
like
it.
The
underlined
part
can
be
best
replaced
by
．
A．draw
the
curtain
B．become
more
optimistic
C．show
his
true
self
D．clear
the
misunderstanding
C [根据“But
a
year
ago
when
my
relationship
with
my
wife
and
career
took
a
hit,
I
needed
my
dad
to
pull
back
the
curtain
so
I
could
see
him
as
real
and
accessible(但一年前，当我与妻子的关系和事业受到打击时，我需要父亲拉开帷幕，让我看到他是真实的、平易近人的)”可推知，需要父亲拉开帷幕则意为“展示真实的自己”。故C选项正确。]
(三)
The
global
figures
reveal
that
even
the
Americans
put
Britain
to
shame
when
it
comes
to
taking
exercise.Britain
has
one
of
the
most
sedentary
populations
on
the
earth,
with
almost
twice
the
proportion
of
people
defined
as
“inactive”
as
in
neighboring
France.In
the
UK,
63.3
percent
of
the
population
fails
to
meet
recommended
levels
of
physical
activity,
increasing
their
risk
of
conditions
such
as
heart
disease,
diabetes
and
cancer.By
contrast,
40.5
percent
of
US
citizens
are
inactive,
despite
more
than
30
percent
of
them
being
obese.
Which
of
the
following
is
closest
in
meaning
to
the
underlined
word
“sedentary”？
A．Proud.
B．Inactive.
C．Silent.
D．Energetic.
B [根据下半句with
almost
twice
the
proportion
of
people
defined
as
“inactive”
as
in
neighboring
France.(几乎是邻国法国被定义为“不活跃”的人口比例的两倍)可知，英国是拥有地球上最不活跃的人口的国家之一。故划线词sedentary与inactive最接近。故B选项正确。]
1速读课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及。
1．Yuan
Longping
is
actually
a
famous
farmer.
A．Right.
B．Wrong. C．Not
mentioned.
2．Yuan's
parents
would
like
him
to
study
agriculture
at
college.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
3．Yuan
realised
that
high
yield
was
the
solution
instead
of
larger
fields.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
4．Yuan's
innovation
has
helped
India
and
Vietnam
as
well
as
China.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
5．Yuan
is
still
young
at
heart
and
continues
to
fulfill
his
dreams.
A．Right.
B．Wrong.
C．Not
mentioned.
[答案] 1－5 BBAAA
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息：
A．How
this
could
be
done
B．what
concerned
him
most
C．What
impresses
people
most
about
Yuan
Longping
D．whether
it
was
possible
to
develop
a
hybrid
of
self?pollinating
plants
such
as
rice
E．what
he
will
dream
up
next
F．that
larger
fields
were
not
the
solution
1．However,
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
shortage
of
food
to
eat.
2．Yuan
Longping
realised
．
3．
was
a
challenging
question
at
the
time.
4．However,
was
a
matter
of
great
debate.
5．
is
his
ongoing
ability
to
fulfill
his
dreams.
6．Despite
his
advanced
years,
Yuan
Longping
is
still
young
at
heart
and
full
of
vision,
and
everyone
is
waiting
to
see
．
[答案] 1－6 BFADCE
Ⅲ.表格填空
A
PIONEER
FOR
ALL
PEOPLE
Father
of
hybrid
rice
Yuan
Longping
is
one
of
China's
most
famous
scientists.Yet,
he
considers
himself
1.a
farmer.
His
career
choice
What
2.concerned
him
most
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests.So
he
chose
to
3.study
agriculture.
His
research
Through
intense
effort,
Yuan
4.overcameenormous
technical
difficulties
to
5.develop
the
first
hybrid
rice
in
1974.
His
invaluable
contributions
Yuan's
innovation
has
helped
feed
not
just
China,
but
many
other
countries
that
6.depend
on
rice
as
well.
His
view
of
life
He
7.cares
little
for
celebrity
or
money.Instead,
he
makes
large
donations
to
support
8.agricultural
research.
His
dreams
Yuan
is
still
young
at
heart
and
9.full
of
vision,
and
everyone
is
waiting
to
see
what
he
will
10.dream
up
next.
细读课文，完成下列任务：
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
1．Para.1
A．Yuan
conducted
research
and
developed
hybrid
rice.
2．Para.2
B．Yuan
is
old
but
still
full
of
dreams
that
he
is
turning
into
reality.
3．Para.3
C．Yuan
considers
himself
a
farmer.
4．Para.4
D．Yuan
decided
to
study
agriculture.
5．Para.5
E．Yuan's
innovation
has
helped
to
feedmore
people.
6．Para.6
F．Yuan
cares
little
for
fame
or
wealth.
[答案] 1－6 CDAEFB
Ⅱ.阅读
1．Why
does
Yuan
Longping
consider
himself
a
farmer?
A．Because
he
continually
works
the
land
in
his
research.
B．Because
his
body
is
slim
but
strong
like
Chinese
farmers.
C．Because
he
has
devoted
his
life
to
Chinese
farmers.
D．Because
he
was
born
in
a
family
in
the
countryside.
2．When
did
Yuan
graduate
from
college?
A．In
1930.
B．In
1953.
C．In
1958.
D．In
1973.
3．What
is
a
characteristic
of
hybrids?
A．They
are
very
difficult
to
create.
B．They
are
made
up
of
conventional
crops.
C．They
usually
have
a
higher
yield.
D．They
have
to
be
grown
in
the
seawater.
4．What
does
Yuan
really
care
for
at
heart?
A．Leisure.
B．Fame.
C．Research.
D．Money.
[答案] 1－4 ABCC
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(三)——人物描写
A．找出文中含有表示人物描写的语句
[答案] 1.Yuan
Longping，known
as
the
“father
of
hybrid
rice”,
is
one
of
China's
most
famous
scientists.
2．Yet,
he
considers
himself
a
farmer
because
he
continually
works
the
land
in
his
research.
3．Indeed，his
slim
but
strong
body
is
just
like
that
of
millions
of
Chinese
farmers
to
whom
he
has
devoted
his
life.
4．However，what
concerned
him
most
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
shortage
of
food
to
eat.
5．Deep
down,
Yuan
is
still
very
much
a
farmer
at
heart.
B．判断下列语句中哪个不是表示人物描写的？
1．How
this
could
be
done
was
a
challenging
question
at
the
time.
2．However,
whether
it
was
possible
to
develop
a
hybrid
of
self?pollinating
plants
such
as
rice
was
a
matter
of
great
debate.
3．What
impresses
people
most
about
Yuan
Longping
is
his
ongoing
ability
to
fulfil
his
dreams.
4．Despite
his
advanced
years,
Yuan
Longping
is
still
young
at
heart
and
full
of
vision,
and
everyone
is
waiting
to
see
what
he
will
dream
up
next.
[答案] 1、2
1Little
drops
of
water,
little
grains
of
sand,
make
the
mighty
ocean
and
the
pleasant
land.
—Julia
Carney
滴滴小水珠，颗颗小沙粒，会形成浩瀚的海洋与宜人的土地。
——朱莉娅·加纳
Nature
never
deceives
us;
it
is
always
us
who
deceive
ourselves.
—Rousseau
大自然永远不会欺骗我们，欺骗我们的往往是我们自己。
——卢梭
Other
men
live
to
eat,
while
I
eat
to
live.
—Socrates
别人为食而生存，我为生存而食。
——苏格拉底
It
is
not
enough
to
be
industrious,
so
are
the
ants.What
are
you
industrious
for？
—H.D.Thoreau
光勤劳是不够的，蚂蚁也是勤劳的。要看你为什么而勤劳。
——梭罗
A
man
may
lead
a
horse
to
the
water,
but
he
cannot
make
it
drink.
—Heywood
一个人可以把马带到河边，但他不能令它饮水。
——希伍德
Never
give
up
Never
give
up，
Never
lose
hope.
Always
have
faith，
It
allows
you
to
cope.
Trying
times
will
pass，
As
they
always
do.
Just
have
patience，
Your
dreams
will
come
true.
So
put
on
a
smile，
You'll
live
through
your
pain.
Know
it
will
pass，
And
strength
you
will
gain.
Born
in
a
poor
farmer's
family
in
1930
and
as
a
graduate
of
the
Southwest
Agriculture
Institute
in
1953,
Yuan
Longping
began
his
teaching
career
at
an
agriculture
school
in
Anjiang,
Hunan
Province.
He
came
up
with
an
idea
for
hybridizing
rice
in
the
1960s,
when
a
series
of
natural
disasters
and
inappropriate
(不恰当的)
policies
caused
China
to
suffer
a
severe
famine(饥荒)
that
led
to
many
deaths.Since
then,
he
has
been
devoting
himself
to
the
research
and
development
of
a
better
rice
breed.
In
1964,
he
happened
to
find
a
natural
hybrid
rice
plant
that
had
obvious
advantages
over
others.Greatly
encouraged,
he
began
to
study
the
elements(要素)
of
this
particular
type.
In
1973,
in
cooperation
with
others,
he
was
finally
able
to
establish
a
complete
process
of
creating
and
reproducing
high?yielding
hybrid
rice
species.The
next
year
they
successfully
cultivated(种植)
a
type
of
hybrid
rice
species
which
had
great
advantages.It
yielded
20
percent
more
per
unit
than
that
of
common
ones,
putting
China
in
the
lead
worldwide
in
rice
production.For
this
achievement,
he
was
called
the
“Father
of
Hybrid
Rice”．
In
1979,
his
technique
for
hybrid
rice
was
introduced
into
the
United
States,
the
first
case
of
intellectual
property
rights
transfer
in
the
history
of
the
People's
Republic
of
China.
However,
the
debates
among
scientists
about
whether
quality
or
quantity
should
take
priority(优先权)
are
frequently
heard.In
the
underdeveloped
world,
the
increasing
output
is
no
doubt
the
primary
concern,
while
people
in
developed
countries
prefer
high?quality
rice.
Yuan
was
asked
to
change
his
major
concern
from
increasing
output
to
improving
quality
and
taste—a
task
easier
to
accomplish
for
him.But
Yuan
was
unswayed
(未受影响的)．He
firmly
believed,
in
developing
countries,
the
increasing
output
outweighs
the
urgency
for
a
better
taste，and
that
his
foremost
task
was
to
increase
the
grain
reserve
in
developing
countries,
instead
of
the
quality
problem
of
his
super
hybrid
rice.“First
we
must
have
enough
food,
then
comes
eating
well，”
he
said.
[探究发现]
1．Find
out
the
main
idea
of
the
passage
and
then
think
of
a
proper
title
for
it.
[答案] The
passage
is
mainly
about
how
Yuan
Longping
created
super
hybrid
rice.The
title
is
“Road
to
super
hybrid
rice”．
2．Find
out
the
reason
why
Yuan
Longping
was
called
the
“Father
of
Hybrid
Rice”．
[答案] He
cultivated
a
hybrid
rice
species
with
great
advantages.
3．Find
out
Yuan
Longping's
idea
about
quality
and
quantity
for
developing
countries.
[答案] First
have
enough
food,
then
eat
well.
1主语从句
一、主语从句的基本用法
1．主语从句的引导词
【观察例句】
That
you
are
coming
to
London
is
the
best
news
I
have
heard
this
long
time.
你将要来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好的消息。
Whether
it
will
do
us
harm
remains
to
be
seen.
它是否对我们有害还要看一看。
What
I
have
seen
today
has
made
a
very
deep
impression
on
me.
今天我的所见所闻给我留下了非常深刻的印象。
Whoever
breaks
this
law
deserves
a
fine.
触犯本法者应予以罚款。
Whichever(of
you)comes
in
first
will
receive
a
prize.
(你们中)谁先进来谁得奖。
When
we
will
have
a
meeting
is
an
important
question.
我们何时举行一次会议是个重要的问题。
Where
we
shall
do
the
test
is
still
under
discussion.
我们在什么地方做这个检验还在讨论。
【归纳用法】
类别
例词
说明
从属连词
that,
whether
两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether表示“是否”。
连接代词
who,
what,
which,
whoever,
whatever等
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
连接副词
when,
where,
how,
why等
在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。
[名师点津]
主语从句中连接词的选择技巧
(1)根据连接词在从句中所作的语法成分。
(2)根据连接词在从句中的意义。
[即学即练1]——用whether,
that,
whoever填空
①That
she
became
an
artist
may
have
been
due
to
her
father's
influence.
②Whether
we
will
hold
a
party
in
the
open
air
tomorrow
depends
on
the
weather.
③Every
year,
whoever
makes
the
most
beautiful
kite
will
win
a
prize
in
the
Kite
Festival.
2．it作形式主语
【观察例句】
It's
possible
that
he
has
been
to
Beijing.
他有可能去过北京。
It's
a
pity
that
you
didn't
attend
the
meeting.
你没参加这次会议太可惜了。
It
seems
that
it
is
going
to
rain.
看起来好像要下雨。
It
is
important
that
he
should
know
about
this.
他应该知道此事是重要的。
It
is
suggested
that
the
meeting
be
put
off.
有人建议会议延期召开。
【归纳用法】
为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型：
句型
说明
It＋系动词＋形容词＋主语从句
常用于此句型的形容词有important,
(un)likely，possible,
necessary,
natural,
wrong等。
It＋系动词＋名词＋主语从句
常用于此句型的名词有fact，idea，honour，question，pity等。
It＋系动词＋过去分词＋主语从句
常用于此句型的过去分词，有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought等。
It＋不及物动词＋主语从句
常用于此句型的动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。
[名师点津]
(1)在“It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。
(2)在“It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。
[即学即练2]——完成句子
①很可惜你不能来参加我的生日聚会。
It's
a
pity
that
you
can't
attend
my
birthday
party.
②有人建议这位老人到乡村休息一下。
It's
suggested
that
the
old
man
should
go
to
the
countryside
to
have
a
rest.
③在我看来你好像不赞成这个计划。
It
seems
to
me
that
you
disagree
with
the
plan.
二、主语从句中应注意的问题
1．从句要用陈述语序
How
he
succeeded
is
still
a
puzzle.
他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。
2．主谓一致
(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Where
he
will
get
a
job
after
graduation
has
puzzled
him
much.
毕业后到哪儿找一份工作使他很困惑。
[名师点津] what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What
the
school
needs
most
are
books.
这所学校最需要的是书。
(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
When
they
will
start
and
where
they
will
go
have
not
been
decided
yet.
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
When
and
where
they
will
hold
the
meeting
is
not
clear.
他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。
[即学即练3]——单句语法填空
①When
we
will
set
off
is(be)
still
under
discussion.
②When
and
where
the
meeting
will
be
held
has(have)
not
been
decided.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It
is
often
the
case
that
anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
2．Your
support
is
important
to
our
work.Whatever
you
can
do
helps.
3．Where
Li
Bai,
a
great
Chinese
poet,
was
born
is
known
to
the
public,
but
some
won't
accept
it.
4．How
we
understand
things
has
a
lot
to
do
with
what
we
feel.
5．Exactly
when
the
potato
was
introduced
into
Europe
is
uncertain,
but
it
was
probably
around
1565.
6．When
the
delayed
flight
will
take
off
depends
much
on
the
weather.
7．I
think
what
impresses
me
about
his
painting
is
the
colours
he
uses.
8．Some
people
believe
what
has
happened
before
or
is
happening
now
will
repeat
itself
in
the
future.
9．What
makes
the
book
so
extraordinary
is
the
creative
imagination
of
the
writer.
10．What
you
said
at
the
meeting
describes
a
bright
future
for
the
company.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．有人命令操场建设下周完成。
It
is
ordered
that
the
construction
of
the
sports
ground
should
be
completed
next
week．
2．现在她正在买的东西是一些杂志。
What
she
is
buying
now
are
some
magazines.
3．很明显刚刚有人来拜访过他。
It
is
clear
that
somebody
came
to
visit
him
just
now．
4．这个地区的争执(dispute)何时结束让很多人困惑。
When
the
dispute
in
this
area
will
stop
puzzles
many
people.
5．她没有出席婚礼宴会的原因是她头痛。
Why
she
didn't
attend
the
wedding
party
is
that
she
had
a
headache.
1劝说信
劝说信的写作目的是向某个组织或个人提出劝说性的建议的一种应用文体。
在写作过程中，要以合理的语气和口吻为基调，用有说服力的素材来支撑自己的观点，以说明阐述为主，以理动人，以理服人。
[基本框架]
第一部分：引入
写信人首先需要简要说明写信的主要目的。
第二部分：阐述
这是劝说信的主体和核心部分。写信人需要在这个部分有条理地列出自己的理由。理由要力求客观、真实、有说服力，要重点突出、层次分明。同时，要注意适当提高语言的力度，发挥语言的功力，以更好地展现自己的观点。
第三部分：总结
这部分应该注意语言的简练和冲击力，切忌冗杂拖拉的表达。
写作中要注意下列几点：
1．话题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水；
2．观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可；
3．论据要条理清楚，语言应准确、精炼；
4．主体时态多用一般现在时；
5．尽量避免同一单词、句型的重复使用，多采用同义词、相似结构以使表达多样化。
[常用词块]
1．have
a
positive
attitude拥有一个积极的态度
2．draw
a
conclusion得出结论
3．contribute
to
your
health有助于身体健康
4．put
forward
a
suggestion提出建议
5．do
harm
to
people's
health伤害人的健康
6．cause
a
lot
of
diseases导致很多疾病
7．a
waste
of
money浪费钱
8．give
up
smoking戒烟
9．take
my
advice
into
consideration考虑我的建议
10．stay
away
from
junk
food远离垃圾食品
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
1．I'm
sorry
to
hear/learn
that
you
are
so
crazy
about...听说你对……如此着迷，我很难过。
2．In
my
opinion,
it
is
wrong
to...在我看来，……是错误的。
3．I
don't
think
it
is
a
very
good
way
to...我认为……不是一个很好的方法。
4．Thank
you
for
your
letter
asking
me
about...谢谢你来信询问有关……
5．I'm
writing
to
persuade
you
to
quit/give
up...我写信是劝你放弃……
★正文佳句
1．Here
are
my
reasons.First
of
all,
I
think
it
would
be
better
if...我的理由如下。首先，我认为如果……会更好。
2．The
reasons
for...are
as
follows.First,
...Second,
...Last
but
not
least,
...……的原因如下。首先，……
第二，……
最后但并非最不重要的是，……
3．On
the
one
hand,
...;
on
the
other
hand,
...一方面，……；另一方面，……
4．The
reason
for...is
that...……的原因是……
5．No
one
can
ignore
the
fact
that...没有人能忽视……
6．If
I
were
you,
I
would...如果我是你，我会……
★余味结尾
1．In
short.../In
conclusion...总之……
2．All
things
considered
...从各方面看来……
3．As
far
as
I'm
concerned,
...就我而言，……
4．From
what
has
been
discussed
above,
...通过以上讨论，……
5．Please
take
my
advice
into
consideration
and
make
a
final
decision.请考虑我的建议，做出最后的决定。
假如你是高二学生李华，你的一个在外地读书的同学张力给你写信，向你诉说他最近因为身体不好而影响学习的情况。并且坦言自己平时学习忙，很少锻炼。请根据这一情况给张力写一封说服信，鼓励他积极锻炼身体，从而为更好地学习打下基础。
注意：1.词数80左右，信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．尽可能运用本单元所学的词汇、句型和语法。
Dear
Zhang
Li，
I
am
sorry
to
hear
that
you
have
been
ill
for
days
and
hope
you
have
got
better
now.
Sincerely
yours，
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Zhang
Li，
I
am
sorry
to
hear
that
you
have
been
ill
for
days
and
hope
you
have
got
better
now.
You
have
been
so
absorbed
in
study
that
you
have
no
time
for
exercise,
which
is
really
harmful
to
your
health.I
feel
it
would
be
more
beneficial
to
your
health
if
you
have
a
positive
attitude
to
exercise
in
future.
You
may
draw
a
conclusion
that
time
spent
on
exercise
is
wasted.In
fact，exercise
can
contribute
to
your
health
a
lot.Only
when
you
have
a
strong
body
can
you
keep
on
studying
without
feeling
bad.So
I
put
forward
a
suggestion
that
you
take
at
least
one
hour's
exercise
every
day
from
now
on.
In
short,
as
long
as
you
exercise
more,
you
will
surely
have
a
stronger
body.
Sincerely
yours，
Li
Hua
1课时分层作业(十五)
Ⅰ.阅读
A
Do
you
want
to
help
the
less
fortunate
around
the
world？Here
are
some
charities
that
can
help
you
do
that.
K．I.D.S.
This
large
organization
improves
the
lives
of
children
living
in
poverty
around
the
world.They
provide
new
clothes，toys，books
and
other
products，as
well
as
shelter
and
medical
care.They're
also
extremely
well?run
(运转良好的)，spending
99.5%
of
their
money
on
programs
that
aim
at
helping
children.
Contact
Phone:
212?279?5493
Concern
Worldwide
US
This
non?governmental
organization
has
been
working
towards
reducing
extreme
poverty
since
its
founding
in
1968.Work
is
mostly
focused
on
countries
ranked
in
the
bottom
40
according
to
the
UN
Human
Development
Report.
Contact
Phone:
353?1?417?7700
International
Childcare
The
Christian
health
development
organization
is
working
to
reduce
many
of
the
causes
of
poverty
in
Haiti
and
the
Dominican
Republic.By
providing
important
medical
care
for
children
and
their
families，ICC
allows
them
to
lead
happier
and
healthier
lives
in
less
danger
of
falling
into
poverty.
Contact
Phone:
800?722?4453
Village
Reach
Since
2000，this
organization
has
worked
to
improve
the
developing
world's
access
to
health
care
by
working
together
with
businesses，governments，non?profits，and
other
organizations.They
aim
to
improve
local
infrastructure
(基础设施)
in
poor
rural
areas.This
effort
especially
helps
fight
poverty
by
allowing
far?away
communities
to
lead
better
and
more
fruitful
lives.
Contact
Phone:
206?512?1530
ACF?USA
This
organization's
efforts
are
mainly
aimed
at
ending
hunger
worldwide.Their
work
saves
lives
by
fighting
malnutrition
(营养不良)，especially
in
times
of
crisis.Programs
try
to
ensure
long?term
solutions
for
that
purpose．
Contact
Phone:
952?854?9000
【语篇解读】 本文主要向我们介绍了五个致力于减少贫困的慈善机构。
1．What
do
we
know
about
the
organization
called
K．I.D.S.?
A．It
has
a
very
long
history.
B．It
focuses
on
helping
poor
children.
C．It
doesn't
have
many
programs
now.
D．It
mainly
helps
the
poor
in
rich
countries.
B [细节理解题。根据K.I.D.S.部分的“spending
99.5%
of
their
money
on
programs
that
aim
at
helping
children”可知，这个机构主要帮助贫困的小孩。]
2．If
you
especially
want
to
help
fight
poverty
in
Haiti
now，which
number
can
you
call?
A．212?279?5493
B．353?1?417?7700
C．800?722?4453
D．206?512?1530
C [细节理解题。根据International
Childcare部分的“The
Christian
health
development
organization
is
working
to
reduce
many
of
the
causes
of
poverty
in
Haiti
and
the
Dominican
Republic.”以及Contact
Phone：800?722?4453可知答案。]
3．What
does
the
underlined
part
“that
purpose”
probably
refer
to?
A．Reducing
crises
around
the
world.
B．Removing
hunger
around
the
world.
C．Providing
various
products
for
poor
kids.
D．Improving
nutrition
in
developed
countries.
B [词义指代题。根据ACF?USA部分的“This
organization's
efforts
are
mainly
aimed
at
ending
hunger
worldwide.”以及“Programs
try
to
ensure
long?term
solutions
for
that
purpose”．可知，目的就是要消除饥饿。]
4．What
do
the
organizations
have
in
common?
A．They
all
mainly
focus
on
kids.
B．They're
all
extremely
well?run.
C．They
all
try
to
help
fight
poverty.
D．They're
all
non?governmental
organizations.
C [细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，这五个机构都致力于减少全球贫困。]
B
Now，an
ancient
grain
from
Ethiopia，teff，is
being
sold
in
supermarkets
in
America.Teff
has
been
an
important
part
of
the
Ethiopian
diet
for
thousands
of
years.Teff
is
known
for
its
small
grain.It
is
mainly
used
to
make
flour.
Wayne
Carlson
learned
about
teff
while
doing
public
health
work
in
Africa
in
the
mid?1970s.“I
came
to
know
teff
because
I
was
eating
it
all
the
time
and
hosted
by
teff
farmers.”
In
the
late
70s，Carlson
returned
to
his
home
state
Idaho
in
the
U．S.，married
and
settled
in
Southwest
Idaho.Then
he
came
up
with
an
idea.
Wayne
and
his
wife
Elisabeth
are
not
farmers，nor
do
they
want
to
be.So
they
convinced
actual
farmers
in
Idaho，Oregon
and
Nevada
to
grow
teff.The
Carlsons
milled(磨粉)
it
themselves.However，until
last
year
there
was
not
a
single
Ethiopian
restaurant
or
bakery
in
the
entire
state
of
Idaho
for
them
to
sell
the
milled
flour
to.“The
way
we
started
was
that
Wayne
went
through
the
Washington，D.C.，and
looked
for
the
names
that
were
Ethiopian
in
the
telephone
book.”
Over
time，the
Teff
Company
has
grown
out
four
different
mills.The
Carlsons
say
the
teff
flour
coming
off
the
mill
could
end
up
in
a
good
natural
foods
store
or
commercial
bakery.“Sales
of
alternatives
(替代品)
to
modern
wheat
are
growing
quickly
each
year，”
says
an
industry
trade
group.
Rich
Roseberg
is
a
food
researcher
at
Oregon
State
University.He
says
teff
production
has
exploded
over
the
past
decade
in
the
U．S.He
also
says
most
teff
grown
in
the
U．S.is
fed
to
farm
animals.In
Idaho，however，where
the
Carlsons
are
based，Roseberg
believes
more
of
the
teff
production
is
for
human
food.Teff
contains
lots
of
calcium，iron，and
protein.Roseberg
praises
Wayne
Carlson
for
being
ahead
of
his
time.
【语篇解读】 埃塞俄比亚画眉草的种子在埃塞俄比亚被用作食物原料，现在这种农作物被引入到了美国。
5．What
did
Wayne
Carlson
probably
want
to
do
after
returning
to
Idaho?
A．To
become
a
farmer.
B．To
do
public
health
work.
C．To
mill
grains
for
a
living.
D．To
introduce
teff
to
the
U．S.
D [推理判断题。根据第三段的“Wayne
and
his
wife
Elisabeth
are
not
farmers，nor
do
they
want
to
be.So
they
convinced
actual
farmers
in
Idaho，Oregon
and
Nevada
to
grow
teff.”可推断，Wayne
Carlson想将这种作物引进美国。]
6．What
problem
did
the
couple
face
at
first?
A．Their
milled
flour
couldn't
be
sold.
B．They
didn't
know
how
to
mill
grains.
C．They
were
not
good
at
doing
business.
D．Their
work
wasn't
supported
by
others.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段的“However，until
last
year
there
was
not
a
single
Ethiopian
restaurant
or
bakery
in
the
entire
state
of
Idaho
for
them
to
sell
the
milled
flour
to.”可知，他们俩所面临的问题就是他们磨的面粉卖不出去。]
7．Why
does
Roseberg
think
Wayne
Carlson
is
ahead
of
his
time?
A．Because
Wayne
Carlson
improves
the
taste
of
teff.
B．Because
Wayne
Carlson
feeds
teff
to
farm
animals.
C．Because
Wayne
Carlson
tries
to
reduce
hunger
worldwide.
D．Because
Wayne
Carlson
thinks
teff
should
be
used
as
human
food.
D [推理判断题。根据末段的“Roseberg
believes
more
of
the
teff
production
is
for
human
food.Teff
contains
lots
of
calcium,
iron,
and
protein.Roseberg
praises
Wayne
Carlson
for
being
ahead
of
his
time.”可推断，是因为Wayne
Carlson认为埃塞俄比亚画眉草的种子应该被人食用的缘故。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,
根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,
使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Fisherman
Salvador
was
just
trying
to
make
a
living
on
the
sea
with
fellow
fisherman
Cordoba.Two
days
into
the
journey，disaster
struck，and
the
two
men
would
begin
the
greatest
challenge
of
their
lives.
The
boat
was
loaded
with
tons
of
provisions，including
70
gallons
of
gasoline，16
gallons
of
water，50
lbs
of
sardines
for
bait(鱼饵)．They
also
had
a
mobile
phone，kept
safe
in
a
plastic
bag，a
GPS，and
a
two?way
radio.The
two
had
never
spoken
before
or
worked
together，but
they
liked
fishing
and
both
of
them
seemed
to
know
what
they
were
doing.
Two
days
later，the
weather
was
getting
worse
and
worse.Salvador
was
trying
to
remain
calm，but
Cordoba
was
not
prepared.He
held
on
to
the
rail(围栏)
for
dear
life
as
the
waves
crashed
around
them，vomiting
and
crying.When
the
storm
finally
passed，Salvador
could
finally
see
in
front
of
him;
he
noticed
that
they
had
drifted
far
away
from
land.To
make
matters
worse，the
motor
had
stopped
working.Salvador
called
his
boss
on
the
radio，but
there
was
no
response.Even
worse
was
the
fact
that
the
GPS
they
had
brought
with
them
had
stopped
working.
The
two
men
had
been
at
sea
for
two
months.While
Salvador
had
become
accustomed
to
catching
and
eating
the
animals
available
to
them，Cordoba's
mental
health
and
physical
health
had
begun
to
decline.Once
he
got
sick
from
eating
raw
seabirds，he
refused
to
eat
at
all.His
own
depression，fear
and
malnutrition
finally
killed
him，leaving
Salvador
alone
on
the
boat.
One
day，after
a
terrible
storm，Salvador
found
the
sky
was
suddenly
filled
with
shorebirds.He
knew
that
he
was
heading
for
land
at
last.He
must
have
been
close.There，in
the
distance
was
a
green
Pacific
atoll(环礁)．It
looked
small
and
wild，but
it
was
a
dry
land
and
would
likely
have
food
and
shelter.
Paragraph
1：
The
skinny
fisherman
struggled
until
he
reached
what
appeared
to
be
a
beach
house.
Paragraph
2：
Salvador
was
rescued.
【参考范文】
Paragraph
1：
The
skinny
fisherman
struggled
until
he
reached
what
appeared
to
be
a
beach
house.This
was
a
fisherman's
home.Seeing
a
weak
man
walking
unsteadily
from
the
sea，the
fisherman
and
his
wife
rushed
out
to
him
and
welcomed
him
into
their
home.They
had
never
seen
anyone
so
weak
and
hungry.They
were
surprised
that
Salvador
remained
awake
and
managed
to
ask
for
a
doctor
before
losing
consciousness.
Paragraph
2：
Salvador
was
rescued.
Despite
suffering
unimaginable
hardships，Salvador
had
survived
his
journey.He
had
spent
438
days
lost
at
sea.Soon
enough，he
was
on
his
way
back
home
to
El
Salvador，where
he
was
finally
reunited
with
his
family.Of
course，he
made
time
to
visit
Cordoba's
mother
to
tell
her
the
news
of
her
son's
death.They
shed
tears
for
the
loss
of
Cordoba.
51．devote
vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devoted
adj.忠诚的；深爱的→devotion
n．奉献；忠诚
2．short
adj.短的；不足的；短期的→shortage
n．不足；缺少；短缺→shorten
vt.使变短
3．character
n．性情；(小说、戏剧中的)人物；角色→characteristic
n．特征；特点；品质
adj.典型的；独特的
4．convention
n．常规；习俗；惯例→conventional
adj.传统的；习惯的
5．assume
v．假定；设想→assumption
n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
6．real
adj.真的→really
adv.真正地；实际上→reality
n．现实；实际情况；事实
7．salt
n．盐→salty
adj.含盐的；咸的
1．boost
vt.使增长；使兴旺
n．增长；提高；激励
①These
changes
will
help
to
boost
food
prices.
vt.使增长
②This
has
given
clothing
prices
a
big
boost.
n．增长
③This
measure
will
be
a
great
boost
to
the
economy.
n．激励
2．expand
vt.&
vi.扩大；增加
vt.扩展；发展(业务)
①The
ranks
of
the
teachers
are
constantly
expanding.
vi.扩大；增加
②The
merchant
wants
to
expand
his
business.
vt.扩大
③The
writer
expanded
his
short
novel
into
a
long
one.
vt.扩展
3．estimate
vt.估计；估价；估算
n．估计；估算
①The
painter's
estimate
for
painting
the
whole
house
was
1，000
dollars.
n．估计；估价
②This
painting
is
estimated
at
$200?$300.
vt.
估价
③He
estimated
the
speed
of
the
winds
from
the
degree
of
damage.
vt.
估算
4．characteristic
n．特征；特点；品质
adj.典型的；独特的
①The
two
species
have
several
characteristics
in
common.
n.特征；特点
②I
recognized
his
characteristic
walk.
adj.典型的；独特的
③Independence
is
the
outstanding
characteristic
of
a
runner.
n.品质
Words
And
Phrases
devote
vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于
(教材P50)Indeed,
his
slim
but
strong
body
is
just
like
that
of
millions
of
Chinese
farmers
to
whom
he
has
devoted
his
life.
事实上，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和农民一样，而他为千千万万中国农民奉献了一生。
[例1] We
should
devote
everything
we
have.
我们应该奉献我们的一切。
[例2] He
devoted
a
great
sum
of
money
to
books.
他花了一大笔钱买书。
[翻译] 他将一生奉献给了教育事业。
He
devoted
himself
entirely/all
his
life
to
education.
[知识拓展]
(1)devote...to
(doing)
sth. 把……献给(做)某事
devote
oneself
to＝be
devoted
to
献身于；专心致力于
(2)devoted
adj.
忠实的；深爱的
(3)devotion
n.
奉献；关爱
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①His
devotion(devote)
to
the
cause
of
education
is
well?known.
②Qian
Xuesen
has
been
devoted
to
China's
aerospace
all
his
life.
③Neighbors
devoted
their
spare
time
to
helping(help)
others
rebuild.
[小片段填空]
He
could
only
devote
two
hours
a
day
to
the
project,
but
his
devotion
to
duty
is
worth
respecting.
他一天只能在这个项目上花两个小时，但他忠于职守是值得尊敬的。
convince
vt.使相信；使确信；说服
(教材P50)Yuan
was
convinced
that
the
answer
could
be
found
in
the
creation
of
hybrid
rice.
袁隆平确信，答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。
[例1] Robert's
expression
had
obviously
convinced
her
of
his
innocence.
罗伯特的表情显然使她相信他是清白的。
[例2] She
needed
to
find
a
way
to
convince
Michel
he
was
wrong.
她需要想办法使米歇尔相信他错了。
[翻译] 我自己都不会相信，更别提说服别人了。
I'm
not
going
to
believe
it
myself,
never
mind
convince
anyone
else．
[知识拓展]
(1)convince
sb.of
sth.
使某人确信/明白某事
convince
sb.that...
使某人相信……
convince
sb.to
do
sth.
说服某人做某事
(2)convincing
adj.
令人信服的
convinced
adj.
确信的；坚信的
be
convinced
of
相信……
be
convinced
(that)．..
(某人)相信……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I
am
quite
convinced
of
her
experience
in
it.
②I'm
not
completely
convinced(convince)
(that)
he
knew
the
importance
of
practice.
③His
speech
was
so
convincing(convince)
that
everyone
present
believed
what
he
said.
④我们一直在试图说服他放弃那个计划。
We've
been
trying
to
convince
him
to
give
up
the
plan．
⑤她说的话让我相信我错了。
What
she
said
convinced
me
that
I
was
mistaken.
assumption
n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
(教材P50)The
common
assumption
then
was
that
it
could
not
be
done.
当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。
[例1] We
mistook
assumption
that
the
price
would
fall.
我们错误地认为价格会下降。
[例2] Your
argument
is
based
on
a
set
of
questionable
assumptions.
你的论证建立在一套有问题的假设上。
[翻译] 她总在猜别人有多少钱。
She's
always
making
assumptions
about
how
much
money
people
have.
[知识拓展]
(1)make
an
assumption 认为；假定
on
the
assumption
that...
假定……
(2)assume
v.
假定；设想
assume
sb./sth.to
be
假定/假设某人/某事为
It
is
assumed
that...
一般认为……
(3)assuming(that)
...
假设/假定……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Assuming(assume)
that
it
rains,
what
shall
we
do?
②The
project
was
predicated
on
the
assumption
(assume)
that
the
economy
was
expanding.
③一般认为，过重的工作会造成压力。
It
is
generally
assumed
that
too
much
work
will
cause
stress.
④在听到对他不利的证词之前，你假定他是无罪的。
You
assume
him
to
be
innocent
before
hearing
the
evidence
against
him.
[小片段填空]
In
most
cases
a
false
assumption
would
lead
to
a
problem
for
the
project,
since
we
usually
tend
to
assume
that
things
will
go
the
way
we
want.
在大部分的情况下，错误的假定会导致项目发生问题，因为我们通常倾向于假定事情会如我们所希望般的发生。
overcome
vt.(overcame,
overcome)克服；解决；战胜
(教材P50)Through
intense
effort,
Yuan
overcame
enormous
technical
difficulties
to
develop
the
first
hybrid
rice
that
could
be
used
for
farming
in
1974.
通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，于1974年培育出了第一种可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。
[例1] In
the
final
game
Sweden
easily
overcame
France.
在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。
[例2] I
would
overcome
any
weakness,
any
despair,
any
fear.
我要克服所有的软弱、绝望和恐惧。
[翻译] 她战胜了伤痛，赢得了奥运会金牌。
She
overcame
injury
to
win
the
Olympic
gold
medal.
[知识拓展]
overcome
difficulties
战胜困难
be
overcome
with
因……而受不了
[即学即练]——完成句子
①他克服了种种困难最终取得了成功。
He
overcame
all
kinds
of
difficulties
and
succeeded
at
last.
②他突然对自己造成的伤害懊悔不已。
He
was
suddenly
overcome
with
the
harm
he
had
done.
expand
vt.&
vi.扩大；增加
vt.扩展；发展(业务)
(教材P50)This
hybrid
enabled
farmers
to
expand
their
output
greatly.
这种杂交水稻使农民大大增加了产量。
[例1] The
petals
of
many
flowers
expand
in
the
sunshine.
许多花瓣在阳光下绽放。
[例2] The
business
has
expanded
greatly
over
the
last
year.
过去的一年里，这家公司极大地增加了业务量。
[翻译] 中国的信息产业正迅速发展。
The
information
industries
are
rapidly
expanding
in
China.
[知识拓展]
expand
...into...
把……扩展/发展成……
expand
into...
发展成/扩大成……
expand
on
sth.
细说(阐述)……
[即学即练]——完成句子
①请你把这一点详细说明一下，好吗？
Could
you
expand
on
this
point,
please?
②他的工作室扩大规模而成为一家大公司了。
His
studio
was
expanded
into
a
big
company.
be
comprised
of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
(教材P50)Today,
it
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains.
据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约百分之六十来自袁隆平的杂交水稻。
[例1] The
committee
is
comprised
of
representatives
from
both
public
and
private
sectors.
委员会由政府和私人部门的双方代表组成。
[例2] Groups
are
comprised
of
two
or
more
people.
小组由两人或两人以上组成。
[翻译] 医疗队包括10个医生和一辆救护车。
The
medical
team
is
comprised
of
ten
doctors
and
one
ambulance.
[知识拓展]
consist
of
由……组成
be
made
up
of
由……组成，构成
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①A
week
consists
of
seven
days.
②救援队由8个士兵和2个医生组成。
The
rescue
team
is
composed
of
eight
soldiers
and
two
doctors.＝
The
rescue
team
consists
of
eight
soldiers
and
two
doctors.＝The
rescue
team
is
made
up
of
eight
soldiers
and
two
doctors.
[名师点津]
consist
of没有被动语态，相当于be
made
up
of或be
composed
of，且不用于进行时。
Sentence
Patterns
what引导主语从句
(教材P50)However，what
concerned
him
most
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
shortage
of
food
to
eat.
然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。
句式分析：句中what
concerned
him
most为what引导的主语从句。
[例1] What
we
need
is
money.
我们需要的是钱。
[例2] What
I
want
to
know
is
this.
我想知道的就是这一点。
[翻译] 是什么使他哭的还不清楚。
What
made
her
angry
was
not
clear.
[知识拓展]
what是连接代词，引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语；what本身在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
[即学即练]——完成句子
①他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。
He
wanted
to
know
what
the
manager
had
said
at
the
meeting.
②小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。
The
young
girl
was
too
frightened
to
speak,
standing
there
for
what
seemed
like
hours．
③把你买的东西给我看看。
Show
me
what
you
have
bought．
④你最好还是努力工作。
It's
the
best
that
you
should
work
hard．
[名师点津]
that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。
It
is/was＋过分分词＋that...
(教材P50)Today，it
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains.
据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约百分之六十来自袁隆平的杂交水稻。
句式分析：句中it
is
estimated
that“据估算”为
“It
is/was＋过分分词＋that...”
结构。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
[例1] It
is
estimated
that
every
year
50
unaccompanied
children
arrive
in
Britain.
据估计，每年有50名儿童独自来到英国。
[例2] It
is
estimated
that
the
vase
is
2000
years
old.
据估计这花瓶有两千年历史。
[翻译] 这次会议预计要开4天。
It
is
estimated
that
the
meeting
will
last
four
days.
[知识拓展]
(1)常用于此结构的动词有say，report，think，hope，suggest，believe，require，announce等。
(2)此句型可改写为“sb./sth.＋be
said/believed/thought＋to
do”或“people
say/think...(that)．..”结构。
[即学即练]——完成句子/句型转换
①据报道，三分之一的市民打算购买私家车。
It
is
reported
that
one
third
of
citizens
plan
to
buy
a
private
car.
②人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。
It
is
hoped
that
the
terrible
disease
will
soon
be
controlled.
③据说他已经通过了驾照考试。
It
is
said
that
he
has
passed
the
driving
test.
＝He
is
said
to
have
passed
the
driving
test.
given
that...引导的状语从句
(教材P51)Given
that
Yuan's
hybrids
have
made
him
quite
wealthy,
one
might
think
he
would
retire
to
a
life
of
leisure.
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
句式分析：given
that...意为“考虑到……”，引导的是一个状语从句。
[例1] Given
that
they're
inexperienced,
they've
done
a
good
job.
在缺乏经验的情况下,
他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。
[例2] Given
that
he
gracefully
apologized,
the
woman
accepted
his
apology.
在他有礼貌地道歉后，这位女士接受了他的道歉。
[翻译] 考虑到自己挣得不多，我用钱通常比较精打细算，这也是迫不得已。
Usually,
I
am
sensible
with
money,
as
I
have
to
be，given
that
I
don't
earn
that
much．
[知识拓展]
(1)用作give
的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语，意为“如果有……”，“假定……”等义，此时要注意其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。
(2)可用作介词，后接名词或代词，意为“考虑到”或“鉴于”。
(3)用作形容词，意为“特定的”“一定的”“规定的”等，通常用作定语。
(4)given
后也可接
that
从句，表示“考虑到”。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换
①The
work
must
be
done
within
the
given(give)
time.
②要是对这些树多加注意，它们会长得更好。
If
the
trees
had
been
given
more
attention,
they
could
be
grown
better.
→Given
more
attention,
the
trees
could
have
grown
better.
③给以时间的话，他们可能会同意。
If
they
are
given
time,
they'll
probably
agree.
→Given
time,
they'll
probably
agree.
④鉴于她对小孩的兴趣，我敢肯定教书是她最适合的职业。
Given
her
interest
in
children,
I'm
sure
teaching
is
the
right
career
for
her.
→Given
that
she
is
interested
in
children,
I'm
sure
teaching
is
the
right
career
for
her.
1．However,
what
concerned
him
most
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
shortage
of
food
to
eat.
[分析] 本句是一个复合句。句中what
concerned
him
most为what引导的主语从句，that
farmers...为that引导的表语从句，其中不定式短语to
eat作名词food的后置定语。
[译文] 然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。
2．Today,
it
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops,
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains,
and
his
strains
have
allowed
China's
farmers
to
produce
around
200
million
tons
of
rice
per
year.
[分析] 本句是一个复合句。句中and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中第一个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的名词性从句；过去分词短语generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains作名词crops的后置定语。
[译文] 据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约百分之六十来自袁隆平的杂交水稻，他的杂交水稻品种让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨大米。
教材
高考
1.Indeed,
his
slim
but
strong
body
is
just
like
that
of
millions
of
Chinese
farmers
to
whom
he
has
devoted
his
life.
(2018·浙江卷)Others
insist
that
with
children
under
increasing
pressure
to
devote
their
downtime
to
internships
(实习)
or
study,
there's
still
room
for
an
institution
that
protects
the
lazy
days
of
childhood.
2.However,
what
concerned
him
most
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
shortage
of
food
to
eat.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
What
I
want
is
not
just
an
ordinary
cafe
but
a
very
special
one.(2019·浙江)The
loss
of
big
trees
was
greatest
in
areas
where
trees
had
suffered
the
greatest
water
shortage.
3.One
characteristic
of
hybrids
is
that
they
usually
attain
a
higher
yield
than
conventional
crops.
(2019·江苏卷)The
first
unique
human
characteristic
is
that
humans
have
extra?ordinarily
large
brains
compared
with
other
animals.
4.The
common
assumption
then
was
that
it
could
not
be
done.
(2019·江苏卷)A
thoughtful
official
passed
on
some
of
the
copies
to
the
park
authorities
on
the
assumption
that
they
might
make
a
nice
blow?up
for
one
of
the
visitors'
centers.
5.Through
intense
effort,
Yuan
overcame
enormous
technical
difficulties
to
develop
the
first
hybrid
rice
that
could
be
used
for
farming
in
1974.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)You
will
surely
need
to
overcome
some
difficulties,
some
planned,
but
most
unplanned.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Nowadays
many
students
devote
too
much
time
to
playing
(play)
computer
games.
2．This
is
the
most
convincing
(convince)
evidence
that
I
can
find.
3．Yuan
Longping
searched
for
a
way
to
increase
rice
harvests
without
expanding(expand)
the
area
of
the
fields.
4．They
were
to
meet
at
a
given(give)
time
and
place.
5．Shanghai
food
is
rather
oily,
and
Beijing
food
is
salty(salt)
and
spicy.
6．We
thought
he
was
serious
but
in
reality(real)
he
was
joking.
7．People
used
to
believe
that
dirt
generated(generate)
disease.
8．It
is
estimated(estimate)
that
not
less
than
half
a
million
people
died
in
the
famine.
9．That
was
the
extreme
southern
limit
attained(attain)
by
the
courageous
traveller.
10．_
ease
the
water
shortage(short)．
Ⅱ.短语填空
far
from,
devote...to,
be
comprised
of,
depend
on,
deep
down
1．All
these
funds
raised
were
devoted
to
the
building
of
sports
facilities
and
construction
of
stadiums.
2．The
group
is
comprised
of
two
guitarists,
a
drummer,
and
a
singer.
3．We
knew
deep
down
that
we
could
do
it.
4．Whether
the
game
will
be
played
depends
on
the
weather.
5．To
be
honest,
your
son
is
far
from
trust
worthy.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Yuan
Longping
is
one
of
China's
famous
scientists,
who
is
1.known(know)
as
the
“father
of
hybrid
rice”．He
was
born
in
1930
in
Beijing.Because
he
wanted
to
tackle
2.the
problem
of
low
yield,
he
3.chose(choose)
to
study
agriculture
at
college.After
graduation,
he
worked
as
a
researcher
and
4.was
convinced(convince)
that
it's
possible
to
create
hybrid
rice.After
hard
work
he
succeeded
in
5.developing(develop)
the
first
hybrid
rice
in
1974.Because
of
his
invaluable
contributions,
Yuan
has
received
numerous
6.awards(award)
both
in
China
and
abroad.Although
his
hybrids
have
made
him
quite
7.wealthy(wealth),
he
cares
little
8.for
celebrity
and
money.Instead,
he
makes
large
donations
9.to
support(support)
agricultural
research.Now
Yuan
still
tries
to
fulfil
his
new
dreams
and
everyone
is
waiting
to
see
10.what
he
will
dream
up
next.
12
