英语八年级上册知识讲义 重点短语（Module 2 Science and technology Unit 4 Inventions（1））牛津深圳版
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| 名称 | 英语八年级上册知识讲义 重点短语（Module 2 Science and technology Unit 4 Inventions（1））牛津深圳版 |  | |
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初中英语 重点短语（上册Module 2 Science and technology Unit 4 Inventions(1)）
知识梳理：
【短语学习】
1. at the start of 在……的开始
【用法】
at the start of 的同义词组是at the beginning of。
【例句】
The players were serious at the start of the game.
队员们在比赛开始时很紧张。
I wish everybody good luck at the beginning of the year. 我祝大家岁首大吉。
【考题链接】
完成句子
故事一开始, 霍尔顿被勒令退学。
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______, Holden is kicked out of school.
答案：At the start of the story
2. since then 此后
【用法】
after that 与since then的用法区别。
after that 表示在某一件事以后，但情况或动作并不延续到说话时，所以句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时。 After that he never passed any exam. 从那以后他任何一门考试都从未及格过。
since then 表示从过去某一时间延续至说话时，强调到目前为止一直进行的动作或保持的状态，因此句中谓语动词一般用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 He has written more than 20 books since then. 自那时候以来他写了二十多本书。
【考题链接】
_________ (After that; Since then), the picture has changed completely.
答案：Since then
思路分析：因句中用了现在完成时，故选Since then。
3. across the world 全世界
【用法】
across the world 的同义词组是“throughout the world ; all over the world”。
【例句】
Since then, countries across the world take part in it every year.
从那以后, 每年世界上的很多国家都会加入这个联盟。
The British Broadcasting Corporation is very famous across the world.
英国广播公司在世界上很出名。
【考题链接】
Right now, we have been in about 55 countries and cities across the world. (同义句转换）
__________________________________________________________________
答案：Right now, we have been in about 55 countries and cities all over the world/throughout the world.
4. keep in touch with 与……保持联系
【用法】
keep in touch with, be in touch with, get in touch with的用法区别
keep in touch with 指“与……保持联系”，强调状态。 Be sure to keep in touch with me while you are away. 你离开后,要与我保持联系。
be in touch with 和keep in touch with 相似。 We are now in touch with him by writing letters. 我们现在靠写信与他保持联系。
get in touch with 指“与……取得联系”，强调动作。 I couldn’t get in touch with my old friends after my phone was stolen. 在我手机被偷后，我不能和我的老朋友取得联系了。
【考题链接】
汉译英：我们应经常彼此保持联系。
_____________________________________________
答案：We should often keep in touch with each other.
5. keep...off 使……不接近
【用法】
keep ...off 与keep away from的用法区别
keep...off 指“不接近；避开”。 Keep off the grass, please!
请勿践踏草坪!
keep away from 指“使离开；使远离”。 I told the children to keep away from the fire.
我告诉孩子们远离火。
【考题链接】
He decided to _________ (keep away from; keep off) alcohol after the accident.
答案：keep off
思路分析：根据句意，应是不再饮酒，故选keep off。
【即学即练】
用方框里所给短语填空。
keep in touch with, at the start of, since then, keep off, across the world
1. He told the boys to ____________ the grass when they played football.
2. We now ____________ him by writing letters.
3. I know the Eiffel Tower is very famous ____________.
4. I have not seen him____________.
5. Things don’t look too hopeful ____________ the year.
答案：1. keep off 2. keep in touch with 3. across the world 4. since then 5. at the start of
同步练习：
（答题时间：15分钟）
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. We have been good friends ______ we joined the same ping-pong team.
A. after B. before C. since D. until
2. He can speak English as _________ as an Englishman.
A. fluent B. fluently C. same D. good
3. Don’t _________with a bad man.
A. keep in touch with B. keep on
C. keep out D. keep away from
4. His paintings are popular _________.
A. across world B. throughout world
C. all over world D. across the world
5. _________ the term, they had a very good plan.
A. At the beginning of B. At the start
C. At the start of D. In the beginning of
Ⅱ. 补全对话
A: The computer is the 1______ useful invention to me and my family.
B: Why is that?
A: My dad uses it 2______ his job. My mum uses it to buy clothes. And my sister uses it to 3______ emails to her friends.
B: What do you use it for?
A: I use it for my studies. 4______ the weekend, I 5______ use it to watch films.
What’s the most useful invention to you and your family?
B: The mobile phone.
Ⅲ. 完形填空
For several years, Americans have enjoyed teleshopping; watching TV and buying things by phone. Now teleshopping is starting in Europe. In some __1__ countries, people can turn on their __2__ and shop for clothes, jewelry, food, toys and __3__ things.
Teleshopping is becoming popular in Sweden. __4__, the biggest Swedish company sells different kinds of things on TV in fifteen European countries, and in one year, it makes $10 million. In France, there are two teleshopping channels, and the French __5__ about $ 20 million a year in buying things through those channels.
In Germany, __6__ last year teleshopping was only possible on one channel for one hour every day. Then the government allowed more teleshopping. Other channels can __7__ for telebusiness, including the largest American teleshopping company and a 24-hour teleshopping company. German __8__ are hoping these, which will help them sell more things.
Some people like teleshopping because it allows them to do their shopping without __9__. With all the traffic problems in cities, going shopping is not an easy thing. But at the same time, other Europeans __10__ like this new way of buying things. They call __11__ “junk on the air”. Many Europeans usually worry about the quality of the things __12__ on TV. They think high quality is the most important thing, and they don’t believe they can be sure about the quality of the things __13__.
The need of high quality means that European teleshopping companies will have to be __14__ the American companies. They will have to be more careful about __15__ of the things they sell. They will also have to work harder to sell things that the buyers cannot touch or see by themselves.
1. A. European B. Asian C. American D. African
2. A. lights B. switches C. radios D. TVs
3. A. some else B. another many C. the other D. many other
4. A. Such as B. For example
C. For teleshopping D. It is like
5. A. takes B. cost C. spends D. spend
6. A. to B. until C. unless D. by
7. A. begin B. leave C. open D. turn on
8. A. people B. women C. businessmen D. officials
9. A. to go out B. going out C. to buy things D. buying things
10. A. still B. don’t C. even D. won’t
11. A. teleshopping B. TV C. radio D. telephone
12. A. appearing B. coming out C. for sale D. to buy
13. A. in the shop B. on TV C. they bought D. by this way
14. A. the same with B. different from C. as big as D. larger than
15. A. the number B. the quality C. the places D. the buyers
答案：
Ⅰ. 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5.C&A
Ⅱ. 1. most 2. for 3. send 4. At 5. also
Ⅲ.
1. A 解析：本题考查形容词辨析。上文讲到电话购物在欧洲也开始起步，本句承接上文，故选A。
2. D 解析：本题考查名词辨析。电话购物，应通过看电视选择物品，故选D。
3. D 解析：本题考查词语辨析。else为副词不用来修饰名词，the other things意为“其他所有商品”，不合文意，故选D。
4. B 解析：本题考查词语辨析。such as 中的as为介词，后面常直接接名词或名词性短语，而for example用于列举时，与后面例子常用逗号隔开，故选B。
5. D 解析：本题考查动词辨析。分析句子，不难发现本句使用了“spend time in doing sth.”的句型，且“the French”为复数，故选D。
6. B 解析：本题考查介词辨析。表示某状态一直持续到某个点时间，应用“until+点时间”，故选B。
7. C 解析：本题考查动词辨析。这里open表示“开放；开张；营业”，本句表示电影频道对电视购物实行了开放政策，故选C。
8. C 解析：本题考查名词辨析。很明显，电话购物为商人销售产品提供了一个极佳的渠道，因此本句表达了商人的愿望，故选C。
9. B 解析：本题考查词语辨析。without为介词，后面应跟动词的-ing形式，根据文意，故选B。
10. B 解析：本题考查助动词辨析。根据本句开头的but以及下文内容，可知这里提到的是对电话购物持反对态度的人，故选B。
11. A 解析：本题考查名词辨析。一些人不喜欢电话购物，称其为“垃圾”，故选A。
12. C 解析：本题考查动词辨析。人们担心的是电视上正在销售的产品的质量。A、B意思不对，故选C。
13. B 本题考查词语辨析。电话购物令人们担心的是电视上展销的商品的质量，而不是商店里的商品，也不是已经到手的商品，故选B。
14. B 解析：本题考查词语辨析。根据上文，欧洲人的购物观念与美国人有所不同，因此电话购物公司也得采取不同的措施，故选B。
15. B 解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据上文，消费者关心的是质量，因此电话购物公司必须对质量倍加小心，故选B。
知识梳理：
【短语学习】
1. at the start of 在……的开始
【用法】
at the start of 的同义词组是at the beginning of。
【例句】
The players were serious at the start of the game.
队员们在比赛开始时很紧张。
I wish everybody good luck at the beginning of the year. 我祝大家岁首大吉。
【考题链接】
完成句子
故事一开始, 霍尔顿被勒令退学。
______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______, Holden is kicked out of school.
答案：At the start of the story
2. since then 此后
【用法】
after that 与since then的用法区别。
after that 表示在某一件事以后，但情况或动作并不延续到说话时，所以句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时。 After that he never passed any exam. 从那以后他任何一门考试都从未及格过。
since then 表示从过去某一时间延续至说话时，强调到目前为止一直进行的动作或保持的状态，因此句中谓语动词一般用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 He has written more than 20 books since then. 自那时候以来他写了二十多本书。
【考题链接】
_________ (After that; Since then), the picture has changed completely.
答案：Since then
思路分析：因句中用了现在完成时，故选Since then。
3. across the world 全世界
【用法】
across the world 的同义词组是“throughout the world ; all over the world”。
【例句】
Since then, countries across the world take part in it every year.
从那以后, 每年世界上的很多国家都会加入这个联盟。
The British Broadcasting Corporation is very famous across the world.
英国广播公司在世界上很出名。
【考题链接】
Right now, we have been in about 55 countries and cities across the world. (同义句转换）
__________________________________________________________________
答案：Right now, we have been in about 55 countries and cities all over the world/throughout the world.
4. keep in touch with 与……保持联系
【用法】
keep in touch with, be in touch with, get in touch with的用法区别
keep in touch with 指“与……保持联系”，强调状态。 Be sure to keep in touch with me while you are away. 你离开后,要与我保持联系。
be in touch with 和keep in touch with 相似。 We are now in touch with him by writing letters. 我们现在靠写信与他保持联系。
get in touch with 指“与……取得联系”，强调动作。 I couldn’t get in touch with my old friends after my phone was stolen. 在我手机被偷后，我不能和我的老朋友取得联系了。
【考题链接】
汉译英：我们应经常彼此保持联系。
_____________________________________________
答案：We should often keep in touch with each other.
5. keep...off 使……不接近
【用法】
keep ...off 与keep away from的用法区别
keep...off 指“不接近；避开”。 Keep off the grass, please!
请勿践踏草坪!
keep away from 指“使离开；使远离”。 I told the children to keep away from the fire.
我告诉孩子们远离火。
【考题链接】
He decided to _________ (keep away from; keep off) alcohol after the accident.
答案：keep off
思路分析：根据句意，应是不再饮酒，故选keep off。
【即学即练】
用方框里所给短语填空。
keep in touch with, at the start of, since then, keep off, across the world
1. He told the boys to ____________ the grass when they played football.
2. We now ____________ him by writing letters.
3. I know the Eiffel Tower is very famous ____________.
4. I have not seen him____________.
5. Things don’t look too hopeful ____________ the year.
答案：1. keep off 2. keep in touch with 3. across the world 4. since then 5. at the start of
同步练习：
（答题时间：15分钟）
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. We have been good friends ______ we joined the same ping-pong team.
A. after B. before C. since D. until
2. He can speak English as _________ as an Englishman.
A. fluent B. fluently C. same D. good
3. Don’t _________with a bad man.
A. keep in touch with B. keep on
C. keep out D. keep away from
4. His paintings are popular _________.
A. across world B. throughout world
C. all over world D. across the world
5. _________ the term, they had a very good plan.
A. At the beginning of B. At the start
C. At the start of D. In the beginning of
Ⅱ. 补全对话
A: The computer is the 1______ useful invention to me and my family.
B: Why is that?
A: My dad uses it 2______ his job. My mum uses it to buy clothes. And my sister uses it to 3______ emails to her friends.
B: What do you use it for?
A: I use it for my studies. 4______ the weekend, I 5______ use it to watch films.
What’s the most useful invention to you and your family?
B: The mobile phone.
Ⅲ. 完形填空
For several years, Americans have enjoyed teleshopping; watching TV and buying things by phone. Now teleshopping is starting in Europe. In some __1__ countries, people can turn on their __2__ and shop for clothes, jewelry, food, toys and __3__ things.
Teleshopping is becoming popular in Sweden. __4__, the biggest Swedish company sells different kinds of things on TV in fifteen European countries, and in one year, it makes $10 million. In France, there are two teleshopping channels, and the French __5__ about $ 20 million a year in buying things through those channels.
In Germany, __6__ last year teleshopping was only possible on one channel for one hour every day. Then the government allowed more teleshopping. Other channels can __7__ for telebusiness, including the largest American teleshopping company and a 24-hour teleshopping company. German __8__ are hoping these, which will help them sell more things.
Some people like teleshopping because it allows them to do their shopping without __9__. With all the traffic problems in cities, going shopping is not an easy thing. But at the same time, other Europeans __10__ like this new way of buying things. They call __11__ “junk on the air”. Many Europeans usually worry about the quality of the things __12__ on TV. They think high quality is the most important thing, and they don’t believe they can be sure about the quality of the things __13__.
The need of high quality means that European teleshopping companies will have to be __14__ the American companies. They will have to be more careful about __15__ of the things they sell. They will also have to work harder to sell things that the buyers cannot touch or see by themselves.
1. A. European B. Asian C. American D. African
2. A. lights B. switches C. radios D. TVs
3. A. some else B. another many C. the other D. many other
4. A. Such as B. For example
C. For teleshopping D. It is like
5. A. takes B. cost C. spends D. spend
6. A. to B. until C. unless D. by
7. A. begin B. leave C. open D. turn on
8. A. people B. women C. businessmen D. officials
9. A. to go out B. going out C. to buy things D. buying things
10. A. still B. don’t C. even D. won’t
11. A. teleshopping B. TV C. radio D. telephone
12. A. appearing B. coming out C. for sale D. to buy
13. A. in the shop B. on TV C. they bought D. by this way
14. A. the same with B. different from C. as big as D. larger than
15. A. the number B. the quality C. the places D. the buyers
答案：
Ⅰ. 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5.C&A
Ⅱ. 1. most 2. for 3. send 4. At 5. also
Ⅲ.
1. A 解析：本题考查形容词辨析。上文讲到电话购物在欧洲也开始起步，本句承接上文，故选A。
2. D 解析：本题考查名词辨析。电话购物，应通过看电视选择物品，故选D。
3. D 解析：本题考查词语辨析。else为副词不用来修饰名词，the other things意为“其他所有商品”，不合文意，故选D。
4. B 解析：本题考查词语辨析。such as 中的as为介词，后面常直接接名词或名词性短语，而for example用于列举时，与后面例子常用逗号隔开，故选B。
5. D 解析：本题考查动词辨析。分析句子，不难发现本句使用了“spend time in doing sth.”的句型，且“the French”为复数，故选D。
6. B 解析：本题考查介词辨析。表示某状态一直持续到某个点时间，应用“until+点时间”，故选B。
7. C 解析：本题考查动词辨析。这里open表示“开放；开张；营业”，本句表示电影频道对电视购物实行了开放政策，故选C。
8. C 解析：本题考查名词辨析。很明显，电话购物为商人销售产品提供了一个极佳的渠道，因此本句表达了商人的愿望，故选C。
9. B 解析：本题考查词语辨析。without为介词，后面应跟动词的-ing形式，根据文意，故选B。
10. B 解析：本题考查助动词辨析。根据本句开头的but以及下文内容，可知这里提到的是对电话购物持反对态度的人，故选B。
11. A 解析：本题考查名词辨析。一些人不喜欢电话购物，称其为“垃圾”，故选A。
12. C 解析：本题考查动词辨析。人们担心的是电视上正在销售的产品的质量。A、B意思不对，故选C。
13. B 本题考查词语辨析。电话购物令人们担心的是电视上展销的商品的质量，而不是商店里的商品，也不是已经到手的商品，故选B。
14. B 解析：本题考查词语辨析。根据上文，欧洲人的购物观念与美国人有所不同，因此电话购物公司也得采取不同的措施，故选B。
15. B 解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据上文，消费者关心的是质量，因此电话购物公司必须对质量倍加小心，故选B。